Background: Gray wolves (Canis lupus) were reintroduced into Yellowstone National Park (YNP) after a >70 year absence, and as part of recovery efforts, the population has been closely monitored. In 1999 and 2005, pup survival was significantly reduced, suggestive of disease outbreaks. Methodology/Principal Findings: We analyzed sympatric wolf, coyote (Canis latrans), and red fox (Vulpes vulpes) serologic data from YNP, spanning 1991–2007, to identify long-term patterns of pathogen exposure, identify associated risk factors, and examine evidence for disease-induced mortality among wolves for which there were survival data. We found high, constant exposure to canine parvovirus (wolf seroprevalence: 100%; coyote: 94%), canine adenovirus-1 (wolf pups [0.5–0.9 yr]: 91%, adults [≥1 yr]: 96%; coyote juveniles [0.5–1.5 yrs]: 18%, adults [≥1.6 yrs]: 83%), and canine herpesvirus (wolf: 87%; coyote juveniles: 23%, young adults [1.6–4.9 yrs]: 51%, old adults [≥5 yrs]: 87%) suggesting that these pathogens were enzootic within YNP wolves and coyotes. An average of 50% of wolves exhibited exposure to the protozoan parasite, Neospora caninum, although individuals’ odds of exposure tended to increase with age and was temporally variable. Wolf, coyote, and fox exposure to canine distemper virus (CDV) was temporally variable, with evidence for distinct multi-host outbreaks in 1999 and 2005, and perhaps a smaller, isolated outbreak among wolves in the interior of YNP in 2002. The years of high wolf-pup mortality in 1999 and 2005 in the northern region of the park were correlated with peaks in CDV seroprevalence, suggesting that CDV contributed to the observed mortality. Conclusions/Significance: Of the pathogens we examined, none appear to jeopardize the long-term population of canids in YNP. However, CDV appears capable of causing short-term population declines. Additional information on how and where CDV is maintained and the frequency with which future epizootics might be expected might be useful for future management of the Northern Rocky Mountain wolf population.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0007042","issn":"19326203","usgsCitation":"Almberg, E., Mech, L., Smith, D., Sheldon, J., and Crabtree, R., 2009, A serological survey of infectious disease in Yellowstone National Park's canid community: PLoS ONE, v. 4, no. 9, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0007042.","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476163,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0007042","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245585,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217628,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0007042"}],"geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.06353759765625,\n 44.22552029849434\n ],\n [\n -110.01983642578125,\n 44.22552029849434\n ],\n [\n -110.01983642578125,\n 45.00365115687186\n ],\n [\n -111.06353759765625,\n 45.00365115687186\n ],\n [\n -111.06353759765625,\n 44.22552029849434\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e585e4b0c8380cd46db9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Almberg, E.S.","contributorId":27295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Almberg","given":"E.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, D.W.","contributorId":24726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sheldon, J.W.","contributorId":45936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheldon","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Crabtree, R.L.","contributorId":91696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crabtree","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036802,"text":"70036802 - 2009 - Foraminiferal assemblages in Biscayne Bay, Florida, USA: Responses to urban and agricultural influence in a subtropical estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-06T15:56:35.37842","indexId":"70036802","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Foraminiferal assemblages in Biscayne Bay, Florida, USA: Responses to urban and agricultural influence in a subtropical estuary","docAbstract":"This study assessed foraminiferal assemblages in Biscayne Bay, Florida, a heavily utilized estuary, interpreting changes over the past 65 years and providing a baseline for future comparisons. Analyses of foraminiferal data at the genus level revealed three distinct biotopes. The assemblage from the northern bay was characterized by stress-tolerant taxa, especially Ammonia, present in low abundances (∼2.0 × 103 foraminifers/gram) though relatively high diversity (∼19 genera/sample). The southwestern margin of the bay was dominated by Ammonia and Quinqueloculina, an assemblage characterized by the lowest diversities (∼12 genera/sample) and highest abundances (∼1.1 × 104 foraminifers/gram), influenced by both reduced salinity and elevated organic-carbon concentrations. A diverse assemblage of smaller miliolids and rotaliids (∼26 genera/sample) characterized the open-bay assemblage, which also had a significant component (∼10%) of taxa that host algal endosymbionts. In the past 65 years, populations of symbiont-bearing taxa, which are indicators of normal-marine conditions, have decreased while stress-tolerant taxa, especially Ammonia spp., have increased in predominance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.08.008","usgsCitation":"Carnahan, E.A., Hoare, A., Hallock, P., Lidz, B.H., and Reich, C., 2009, Foraminiferal assemblages in Biscayne Bay, Florida, USA: Responses to urban and agricultural influence in a subtropical estuary: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 59, no. 8-12, p. 221-233, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.08.008.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"221","endPage":"233","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245675,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Biscayne Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.38823047876525,\n 25.304375216026585\n ],\n [\n -80.37247201524954,\n 25.288940592693834\n ],\n [\n -80.34620790938924,\n 25.281816257690082\n ],\n [\n -80.23852507536327,\n 25.36965378620114\n ],\n [\n -80.17286481071336,\n 25.509586973044307\n ],\n [\n -80.15316673131825,\n 25.669480206069977\n ],\n [\n -80.15185352602535,\n 25.72982863196887\n ],\n [\n -80.13872134508031,\n 25.76767803684764\n ],\n [\n -80.18730994092095,\n 25.78186869567662\n ],\n [\n -80.24771738439917,\n 25.715631109091248\n ],\n [\n -80.31731726492848,\n 25.60673214322466\n ],\n [\n -80.31600405963493,\n 25.554614912521558\n ],\n [\n -80.34226816549527,\n 25.516697226572603\n ],\n [\n -80.33964175490944,\n 25.440825922291197\n ],\n [\n -80.3540870131322,\n 25.434896461233592\n ],\n [\n -80.38823047876525,\n 25.304375216026585\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"59","issue":"8-12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1308e4b0c8380cd544be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carnahan, E. A.","contributorId":107947,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carnahan","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoare, A.M.","contributorId":20167,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoare","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hallock, P.","contributorId":91263,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hallock","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lidz, B. H.","contributorId":30651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lidz","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reich, C. D. 0000-0002-2534-1456","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2534-1456","contributorId":36978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reich","given":"C. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036808,"text":"70036808 - 2009 - Time-series modeling of reservoir effects on river nitrate concentrations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:58","indexId":"70036808","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":664,"text":"Advances in Water Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Time-series modeling of reservoir effects on river nitrate concentrations","docAbstract":"Saylorville Reservoir is a 24.1 km2 impoundment of the Des Moines River located approximately 10 km north of the City of Des Moines, Iowa, USA. Surface water from the Des Moines River used for drinking water supply is impaired for nitrate-nitrogen. Monthly mean nitrate concentration data collected upstream and downstream of the reservoir for a 30-year period (1977-2006) were selected for time-series analysis. Our objectives were to (1) develop a model describing nitrate concentrations downstream of the reservoir as a function of the concentrations entering the reservoir and (2) use the model to provide a 1-month ahead forecast for downstream water quality. Results indicated that downstream nitrate can be effectively modeled using a transfer function approach that utilized inflow concentrations during the current and previous month as input variables. Inflow concentrations were modeled using an AR(20) model, with the higher order model consistent with temporal correlation noted by others. The transfer function model suggested that the reservoir is reducing nitrate concentrations by 22 ?? 6%, a reduction that greatly exceeds previous estimates. Monthly nitrate forecasted with the model were nearly all within a 95% prediction interval of their actual measured values and did not appear greatly affected by flow variations. ?? 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Advances in Water Resources","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2009.04.002","issn":"03091708","usgsCitation":"Schoch, A., Schilling, K.E., and Chan, K., 2009, Time-series modeling of reservoir effects on river nitrate concentrations: Advances in Water Resources, v. 32, no. 8, p. 1197-1205, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2009.04.002.","startPage":"1197","endPage":"1205","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217795,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2009.04.002"},{"id":245767,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb3d9e4b08c986b32600c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoch, A.L.","contributorId":66944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoch","given":"A.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schilling, K. E.","contributorId":61982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schilling","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chan, K.-S.","contributorId":39220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chan","given":"K.-S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036817,"text":"70036817 - 2009 - A tangled tale of two teal: Population history of the grey Anas gracilis and chestnut teal a. castanea of Australia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:09","indexId":"70036817","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2190,"text":"Journal of Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A tangled tale of two teal: Population history of the grey Anas gracilis and chestnut teal a. castanea of Australia","docAbstract":"Two Australian species of teal (Anseriformes: Anatidae: Anas), the grey teal Anas gracilis and the chestnut teal A. castanea, are remarkable for the zero or near-zero divergence recorded between them in earlier surveys of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diversity. We confirmed this result through wider geographical and population sampling as well as nucleotide sampling in the more rapidly evolving mtDNA control region. Any data set where two species share polymorphism as is the case here can be explained by a model of gene flow through hybridization on one hand or by incomplete lineage sorting on the other hand. Ideally, analysis of such shared polymorphism would simultaneously estimate the likelihood of both phenomena. To do this, we used the underlying principle of the IMa package to explore ramifications to understanding population histories of A. gracilis and A. castanea. We cannot reject that hybridization occurs between the two species but an equally or more plausible finding for their nearly zero divergence is incomplete sorting following very recent divergence between the two, probably in the mid-late Pleistocene. Our data add to studies that explore intermediate stages in the evolution of reciprocal monophyly and paraphyletic or polyphyletic relationships in mtDNA diversity among widespread Australian birds. ?? 2009 J. Avian Biol.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Avian Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-048X.2008.04652.x","issn":"09088857","usgsCitation":"Joseph, L., Adcock, G., Linde, C., Omland, K., Heinsohn, R., Terry, C.R., and Roshier, D., 2009, A tangled tale of two teal: Population history of the grey Anas gracilis and chestnut teal a. castanea of Australia: Journal of Avian Biology, v. 40, no. 4, p. 430-439, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-048X.2008.04652.x.","startPage":"430","endPage":"439","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476412,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.13016/m2kp7tw02","text":"External Repository"},{"id":217484,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-048X.2008.04652.x"},{"id":245435,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e5ece4b0c8380cd47032","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Joseph, L.","contributorId":99803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joseph","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adcock, G.J.","contributorId":87007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adcock","given":"G.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Linde, C.","contributorId":86601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linde","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Omland, K.E.","contributorId":48924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Omland","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Heinsohn, R.","contributorId":74609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinsohn","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Terry, Chesser R.","contributorId":26551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terry","given":"Chesser","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Roshier, D.","contributorId":100658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roshier","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70036822,"text":"70036822 - 2009 - What constitutes a nesting attempt? Variation in criteria causes bias and hinders comparisons across studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-08T12:30:15","indexId":"70036822","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"What constitutes a nesting attempt? Variation in criteria causes bias and hinders comparisons across studies","docAbstract":"Because reliable estimates of nesting success are very important to avian studies, the defnition of a “successful nest” and the use of different analytical methods to estimate success have received much attention. By contrast, variation in the criteria used to determine whether an occupied site that did not produce offspring contained a nesting attempt is a source of bias that has been largely ignored. This problem is especially severe in studies that deal with species whose nest contents are relatively inaccessible because observers cannot determine whether or not an egg was laid for a large proportion of occupied sites. Burrowing Owls (Athene cunicularia) often lay their eggs ≥3 m below ground, so past Burrowing Owl studies have used a variety of criteria to determine whether a nesting attempt was initiated. We searched the literature to document the extent of that variation and examined how that variation influenced estimates of daily nest survival. We found 13 different sets of criteria used by previous authors and applied each criterion to our data set of 1,300 occupied burrows. We found significant variation in estimates of daily nest survival depending on the criteria used. Moreover, differences in daily nest survival among populations were apparent using some sets of criteria but not others. These inconsistencies may lead to incorrect conclusions and invalidate comparisons of the productivity and relative site quality among populations. We encourage future authors working on cavity-, canopy-, or burrow-nesting birds to provide specific details on the criteria they used to identify a nesting attempt.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1525/auk.2009.06259","issn":"00048038","usgsCitation":"Garcia, V., and Conway, C., 2009, What constitutes a nesting attempt? Variation in criteria causes bias and hinders comparisons across studies: The Auk, v. 126, no. 1, p. 31-40, https://doi.org/10.1525/auk.2009.06259.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"40","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476166,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/auk.2009.06259","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245493,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"126","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd032e4b08c986b32ed0b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garcia, V.","contributorId":95707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conway, C.J.","contributorId":33417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036823,"text":"70036823 - 2009 - Application of a rule-based model to estimate mercury exchange for three background biomes in the continental United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:59","indexId":"70036823","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application of a rule-based model to estimate mercury exchange for three background biomes in the continental United States","docAbstract":"Ecosystems that have low mercury (Hg) concentrations (i.e., not enriched or impactedbygeologic or anthropogenic processes) cover most of the terrestrial surface area of the earth yet their role as a net source or sink for atmospheric Hg is uncertain. Here we use empirical data to develop a rule-based model implemented within a geographic information system framework to estimate the spatial and temporal patterns of Hg flux for semiarid deserts, grasslands, and deciduous forests representing 45% of the continental United States. This exercise provides an indication of whether these ecosystems are a net source or sink for atmospheric Hg as well as a basis for recommendation of data to collect in future field sampling campaigns. Results indicated that soil alone was a small net source of atmospheric Hg and that emitted Hg could be accounted for based on Hg input by wet deposition. When foliar assimilation and wet deposition are added to the area estimate of soil Hg flux these biomes are a sink for atmospheric Hg. ?? 2009 American Chemical Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es900075q","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Hartman, J., Weisberg, P., Pillai, R., Ericksen, J., Kuiken, T., Lindberg, S., Zhang, H., Rytuba, J.J., and Gustin, M., 2009, Application of a rule-based model to estimate mercury exchange for three background biomes in the continental United States: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 43, no. 13, p. 4989-4994, https://doi.org/10.1021/es900075q.","startPage":"4989","endPage":"4994","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245524,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217571,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es900075q"}],"volume":"43","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ec92e4b0c8380cd49355","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hartman, J.S.","contributorId":81348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartman","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weisberg, P.J.","contributorId":68555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weisberg","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pillai, R.","contributorId":45935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pillai","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ericksen, J.A.","contributorId":28064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ericksen","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kuiken, T.","contributorId":49214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuiken","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lindberg, S.E.","contributorId":87354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindberg","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zhang, H.","contributorId":50311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rytuba, J. J.","contributorId":83082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rytuba","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gustin, M.S.","contributorId":101837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gustin","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70036842,"text":"70036842 - 2009 - Concentration-discharge relationships reflect chemostatic characteristics of US catchments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:58","indexId":"70036842","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Concentration-discharge relationships reflect chemostatic characteristics of US catchments","docAbstract":"Concentration-discharge relationships have been widely used as clues to the hydrochemical processes that control runoff chemistry. Here we examine concentration-discharge relationships for solutes produced primarily by mineral weathering in 59 geochemically diverse US catchments. We show that these catchments exhibit nearly chemostatic behaviour; their stream concentrations of weathering products such as Ca, Mg, Na, and Si typically vary by factors of only 3 to 20 while discharge varies by several orders of magnitude. Similar patterns are observed at the inter-annual time scale. This behaviour implies that solute concentrations in stream water are not determined by simple dilution of a fixed solute flux by a variable flux of water, and that rates of solute production and/or mobilization must be nearly proportional to water fluxes, both on storm and inter-annual timescales. We compared these catchments' concentration-discharge relationships to the predictions of several simple hydrological and geochemical models. Most of these models can be forced to approximately fit the observed concentration-discharge relationships, but often only by assuming unrealistic or internally inconsistent parameter values. We propose a new model that also fits the data and may be more robust. We suggest possible tests of the new model for future studies. The relative stability of concentration under widely varying discharge may help make aquatic environments habitable. It also implies that fluxes of weathering solutes in streams, and thus fluxes of alkalinity to the oceans, are determined primarily by water fluxes. Thus, hydrology may be a major driver of the ocean-alkalinity feedback regulating climate change. Copyright ?? 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/hyp.7315","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Godsey, S., Kirchner, J., and Clow, D.W., 2009, Concentration-discharge relationships reflect chemostatic characteristics of US catchments: Hydrological Processes, v. 23, no. 13, p. 1844-1864, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7315.","startPage":"1844","endPage":"1864","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476141,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.597.3342","text":"External Repository"},{"id":217886,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7315"},{"id":245859,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f981e4b0c8380cd4d644","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Godsey, S.E.","contributorId":89384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godsey","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kirchner, J.W.","contributorId":45846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirchner","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clow, D. W.","contributorId":23531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036844,"text":"70036844 - 2009 - Reassessment of probabilistic seismic hazard in the Marmara region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T11:19:49","indexId":"70036844","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reassessment of probabilistic seismic hazard in the Marmara region","docAbstract":"In 1999, the eastern coastline of the Marmara region (Turkey) witnessed increased seismic activity on the North Anatolian fault (NAF) system with two damaging earthquakes (M 7.4 Kocaeli and M 7.2 D??zce) that occurred almost three months apart. These events have reduced stress on the western segment of the NAF where it continues under the Marmara Sea. The undersea fault segments have been recently explored using bathymetric and reflection surveys. These recent findings helped scientists to understand the seismotectonic environment of the Marmara basin, which has remained a perplexing tectonic domain. On the basis of collected new data, seismic hazard of the Marmara region is reassessed using a probabilistic approach. Two different earthquake source models: (1) the smoothed-gridded seismicity model and (2) fault model and alternate magnitude-frequency relations, Gutenberg-Richter and characteristic, were used with local and imported ground-motion-prediction equations. Regional exposure is computed and quantified on a set of hazard maps that provide peak horizontal ground acceleration (PGA) and spectral acceleration at 0.2 and 1.0 sec on uniform firm-rock site condition (760 m=sec average shear wave velocity in the upper 30 m). These acceleration levels were computed for ground motions having 2% and 10% probabilities of exceedance in 50 yr, corresponding to return periods of about 2475 and 475 yr, respectively. The maximum PGA computed (at rock site) is 1.5g along the fault segments of the NAF zone extending into the Marmara Sea. The new maps generally show 10% to 15% increase for PGA, 0.2 and 1.0 sec spectral acceleration values across much of Marmara compared to previous regional hazard maps. Hazard curves and smooth design spectra for three site conditions: rock, soil, and soft-soil are provided for the Istanbul metropolitan area as possible tools in future risk estimates.","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120080285","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Kalkan, E., Gulkan, P., Yilmaz, N., and Çelebi, M., 2009, Reassessment of probabilistic seismic hazard in the Marmara region: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 99, no. 4, p. 2127-2146, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120080285.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"2127","endPage":"2146","numberOfPages":"20","ipdsId":"IP-012613","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245408,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217458,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120080285"}],"volume":"99","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a95c0e4b0c8380cd81bf4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kalkan, Erol 0000-0002-9138-9407 ekalkan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9138-9407","contributorId":1218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalkan","given":"Erol","email":"ekalkan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gulkan, Polat","contributorId":78532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gulkan","given":"Polat","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yilmaz, Nazan","contributorId":198749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yilmaz","given":"Nazan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Çelebi, Mehmet 0000-0002-4769-7357 celebi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4769-7357","contributorId":3205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Çelebi","given":"Mehmet","email":"celebi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":458114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036845,"text":"70036845 - 2009 - A constant stress-drop model for producing broadband synthetic seismograms: Comparison with the next generation attenuation relations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70036845","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A constant stress-drop model for producing broadband synthetic seismograms: Comparison with the next generation attenuation relations","docAbstract":"Broadband (0.1-20 Hz) synthetic seismograms for finite-fault sources were produced for a model where stress drop is constant with seismic moment to see if they can match the magnitude dependence and distance decay of response spectral amplitudes found in the Next Generation Attenuation (NGA) relations recently developed from strong-motion data of crustal earthquakes in tectonically active regions. The broadband synthetics were constructed for earthquakes of M 5.5, 6.5, and 7.5 by combining deterministic synthetics for plane-layered models at low frequencies with stochastic synthetics at high frequencies. The stochastic portion used a source model where the Brune stress drop of 100 bars is constant with seismic moment. The deterministic synthetics were calculated using an average slip velocity, and hence, dynamic stress drop, on the fault that is uniform with magnitude. One novel aspect of this procedure is that the transition frequency between the deterministic and stochastic portions varied with magnitude, so that the transition frequency is inversely related to the rise time of slip on the fault. The spectral accelerations at 0.2, 1.0, and 3.0 sec periods from the synthetics generally agreed with those from the set of NGA relations for M 5.5-7.5 for distances of 2-100 km. At distances of 100-200 km some of the NGA relations for 0.2 sec spectral acceleration were substantially larger than the values of the synthetics for M 7.5 and M 6.5 earthquakes because these relations do not have a term accounting for Q. At 3 and 5 sec periods, the synthetics for M 7.5 earthquakes generally had larger spectral accelerations than the NGA relations, although there was large scatter in the results from the synthetics. The synthetics showed a sag in response spectra at close-in distances for M 5.5 between 0.3 and 0.7 sec that is not predicted from the NGA relations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120080079","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Frankel, A., 2009, A constant stress-drop model for producing broadband synthetic seismograms: Comparison with the next generation attenuation relations: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 99, no. 2 A, p. 664-680, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120080079.","startPage":"664","endPage":"680","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217459,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120080079"},{"id":245409,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"99","issue":"2 A","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e396e4b0c8380cd46100","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frankel, A. 0000-0001-9119-6106","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9119-6106","contributorId":41593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frankel","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70036846,"text":"70036846 - 2009 - Using simulation to improve wildlife surveys: Wintering mallards in Mississippi, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70036846","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3777,"text":"Wildlife Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using simulation to improve wildlife surveys: Wintering mallards in Mississippi, USA","docAbstract":"Wildlife conservation plans generally require reliable data about population abundance and density. Aerial surveys often can provide these data; however, associated costs necessitate designing and conducting surveys efficiently. We developed methods to simulate population distributions of mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) wintering in western Mississippi, USA, by combining bird observations from three previous strip-transect surveys and habitat data from three sets of satellite images representing conditions when surveys were conducted. For each simulated population distribution, we compared 12 primary survey designs and two secondary design options by using coefficients of variation (CV) of population indices as the primary criterion for assessing survey performance. In all, 3 of the 12 primary designs provided the best precision (CV???11.7%) and performed equally well (WR08082E1d.gif diff???0.6%). Features of the designs that provided the largest gains in precision were optimal allocation of sample effort among strata and configuring the study area into five rather than four strata, to more precisely estimate mallard indices in areas of consistently high density. Of the two secondary design options, we found including a second observer to double the size of strip transects increased precision or decreased costs, whereas ratio estimation using auxiliary habitat data from satellite images did not increase precision appreciably. We recommend future surveys of mallard populations in our study area use the strata we developed, optimally allocate samples among strata, employ PPS or EPS sampling, and include two observers when qualified staff are available. More generally, the methods we developed to simulate population distributions from prior survey data provide a cost-effective method to assess performance of alternative wildlife surveys critical to informing management decisions, and could be extended to account for effects of detectability on estimates of true abundance. ?? 2009 CSIRO.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1071/WR08082","issn":"10353712","usgsCitation":"Pearse, A., Reinecke, K.J., Dinsmore, S., and Kaminski, R., 2009, Using simulation to improve wildlife surveys: Wintering mallards in Mississippi, USA: Wildlife Research, v. 36, no. 4, p. 279-288, https://doi.org/10.1071/WR08082.","startPage":"279","endPage":"288","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217486,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WR08082"},{"id":245437,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc0a1e4b08c986b32a22f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearse, A.T.","contributorId":56333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearse","given":"A.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reinecke, K. J.","contributorId":54537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reinecke","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dinsmore, S.J.","contributorId":85114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dinsmore","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kaminski, R.M.","contributorId":53330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaminski","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036849,"text":"70036849 - 2009 - Predicting lesser scaup wetland use during spring migration in eastern South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:59","indexId":"70036849","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1859,"text":"Great Plains Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting lesser scaup wetland use during spring migration in eastern South Dakota","docAbstract":"The relative influence of physical, chemical, and biotic wetland characteristics on wetland use by spring migrating lesser scaup (Aythya affinis [Eyton]; hereafter \"scaup\") is not well understood. We compared characteristics of used and unused wetlands in eastern South Dakota. Used wetlands were larger (>2 ha; P = 0.05), with higher amphipod densities (>500 individuals m-2; P = 0.01) and higher chlorophyll-a concentrations (>0.2; P < 0.05). These wetlands had lower ionic conductivity (1.8 mS; P = 0.02), lower nitrates (1.0 ppm; P = 0.01), lower submerged aquatic vegetation density (P < 0.01), and lower fine sediment proportions (???150 ??m grain size; P < 0.01). Wetland use was best described by amphipod and submerged aquatic vegetation densities. The predictive model explained 50.4% of the variation in scaup use in a reserve dataset. Thresholds of tolerance by amphipods in relation to wetland habitats in the upper Midwest should be investigated further as indicators of a broader range of water and habitat quality characteristics for scaup. ?? 2009 Copyright by the Center for Great Ploins Studies, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Great Plains Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"10525165","usgsCitation":"Kahara, S., and Chipps, S., 2009, Predicting lesser scaup wetland use during spring migration in eastern South Dakota: Great Plains Research, v. 19, no. 2, p. 157-167.","startPage":"157","endPage":"167","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245467,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a81b9e4b0c8380cd7b6c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kahara, S.N.","contributorId":104298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kahara","given":"S.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chipps, S. R. 0000-0001-6511-7582","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6511-7582","contributorId":40369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chipps","given":"S. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036858,"text":"70036858 - 2009 - Geomorphic applications of stream-gage information","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:59","indexId":"70036858","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geomorphic applications of stream-gage information","docAbstract":"In the United States, several thousand stream gages provide what typically is the only source of continuous, long-term streamflow and channel-geometry information for the locations being monitored. In this paper, the geomorphic content of stream-gage information, previous and potential applications of stream-gage information in fluvial geomorphic research and various possible limitations are described. Documented applications include studies of hydraulic geometry, channel bankfull characteristics, sediment transport and channel geomorphic response to various types of disturbance. Potential applications include studies to determine the geomorphic effectiveness of large floods and in-stream habitat change in response to disturbance. For certain applications, various spatial, temporal and data limitations may render the stream-gage information of limited use; however, such information often is of considerable value to enable or enhance geomorphic investigations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"River Research and Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/rra.1163","issn":"15351459","usgsCitation":"Juracek, K.E., and Fitzpatrick, F., 2009, Geomorphic applications of stream-gage information: River Research and Applications, v. 25, no. 3, p. 329-347, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.1163.","startPage":"329","endPage":"347","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245588,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217631,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.1163"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2781e4b0c8380cd59950","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Juracek, K. E. 0000-0002-2102-8980","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2102-8980","contributorId":44570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juracek","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fitzpatrick, F. A. 0000-0002-9748-7075","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9748-7075","contributorId":61446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"F. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036862,"text":"70036862 - 2009 - THEMIS high-resolution digital terrain: Topographic and thermophysical mapping of Gusev Crater, Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:59","indexId":"70036862","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"THEMIS high-resolution digital terrain: Topographic and thermophysical mapping of Gusev Crater, Mars","docAbstract":"We discuss a new technique to generate high-resolution digital terrain models (DTMs) and to quantitatively derive and map slope-corrected thermophysical properties such as albedo, thermal inertia, and surface temperatures. This investigation is a continuation of work started by Kirk et al. (2005), who empirically deconvolved Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) visible and thermal infrared data of this area, isolating topographic information that produced an accurate DTM. Surface temperatures change as a function of many variables such as slope, albedo, thermal inertia, time, season, and atmospheric opacity. We constrain each of these variables to construct a DTM and maps of slope-corrected albedo, slope- and albedo-corrected thermal inertia, and surface temperatures across the scene for any time of day or year and at any atmospheric opacity. DTMs greatly facilitate analyses of the Martian surface, and the MOLA global data set is not finely scaled enough (128 pixels per degree, ???0.5 km per pixel near the equator) to be combined with newer data sets (e.g., High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment, Context Camera, and Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars at ???0.25, ???6, and ???20 m per pixel, respectively), so new techniques to derive high-resolution DTMs are always being explored. This paper discusses our technique of combining a set of THEMIS visible and thermal infrared observations such that albedo and thermal inertia variations within the scene are eliminated and only topographic variations remain. This enables us to produce a high-resolution DTM via photoclinometry techniques that are largely free of albedo-induced errors. With this DTM, THEMIS observations, and a subsurface thermal diffusion model, we generate slope-corrected maps of albedo, thermal inertia, and surface temperatures. In addition to greater accuracy, these products allow thermophysical properties to be directly compared with topography.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2008JE003292","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Cushing, G., Titus, T., Soderblom, L., and Kirk, R.L., 2009, THEMIS high-resolution digital terrain: Topographic and thermophysical mapping of Gusev Crater, Mars: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 114, no. 7, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JE003292.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217687,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JE003292"},{"id":245647,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba383e4b08c986b31fd2c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cushing, G.E.","contributorId":56778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cushing","given":"G.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Titus, T.N.","contributorId":102615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Titus","given":"T.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Soderblom, L.A. 0000-0002-0917-853X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0917-853X","contributorId":6139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soderblom","given":"L.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kirk, R. L.","contributorId":94698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036863,"text":"70036863 - 2009 - Dynamics of national forests assessed using the Landsat record: Case studies in eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T16:04:15","indexId":"70036863","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dynamics of national forests assessed using the Landsat record: Case studies in eastern United States","docAbstract":"The national forests (NFs) in the United States are protected areas managed for multiple purposes, and therefore are subject to both natural and anthropogenic disturbances. Monitoring forest changes arising from such disturbances and the post-disturbance recovery processes is essential for assessing the conditions of the NFs and the effectiveness of management approaches. In this study, we used time series stacks of Landsat images (LTSS) to evaluate the dynamics of seven NFs in eastern United States, including the De Soto NF, the Talladega NF, the Francis Marion NF, and the Uwharrie NF in southeastern U.S., and the Chequamegon NF, the Hiawatha NF, and the Superior NF in northern U.S. Each LTSS consisted of 12–14 Landsat images acquired for the same location, spanning from 1984 to 2006 with a nominal interval of one image every 2 years. Each LTSS was analyzed using a vegetation change tracker (VCT) algorithm to map forest disturbance. Accuracy assessments of the derived disturbance maps revealed that they had overall accuracy values of about 80%, with most of the disturbance classes having user's accuracies ranging from 70% to 95%. The producer's accuracies were generally lower, with the majority being in the range between 50% and 70%. While this may suggest that the disturbance maps could slightly underestimate disturbances, a more detailed assessment of the omission errors revealed that the majority of the disagreements were due to minor disturbances like thinning or storm damages that were identified by the image analysts but were not captured by the VCT algorithm.
The derived disturbance year maps revealed that while each of the seven NFs consisted of 90% or more forest land, significant portions of the forests were disturbed since 1984. Mapped disturbances accounted for about 30%–45% of total land area in the four NFs in southeastern U.S. and about 10%–20% in the three NFs in northern U.S. The disturbance rates were generally higher in the buffer zones surrounding each NF, and varied considerably over time. The time series approach employed in this study represents a new approach for monitoring forest resources using the Landsat or similar satellite data records. The disturbance products derived using this approach were spatially explicit and contained much more temporal details than conventional bi-temporal change products, and likely will be found more useful by many users including ecologists and resources managers. The high disturbance rates found in the southeastern U.S. suggest that this region may have a more significant role in modulating the atmospheric carbon budget than currently recognized.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2008.06.016","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Huang, C., Goward, S., Schleeweis, K., Thomas, N., Masek, J.G., and Zhu, Z., 2009, Dynamics of national forests assessed using the Landsat record: Case studies in eastern United States: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 113, no. 7, p. 1430-1442, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2008.06.016.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1430","endPage":"1442","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245679,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217718,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2008.06.016"}],"volume":"113","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0434e4b0c8380cd50855","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huang, C.","contributorId":65255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huang","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goward, S.N.","contributorId":94514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goward","given":"S.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schleeweis, K.","contributorId":10258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schleeweis","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thomas, N.","contributorId":72490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Masek, J. G.","contributorId":105883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masek","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zhu, Z.","contributorId":10898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70036881,"text":"70036881 - 2009 - A synthesis of Martian aqueous mineralogy after 1 Mars year of observations from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036881","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A synthesis of Martian aqueous mineralogy after 1 Mars year of observations from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter","docAbstract":"Martian aqueous mineral deposits have been examined and characterized using data acquired during Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter's (MRO) primary science phase, including Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars hyperspectral images covering the 0.4-3.9 ??m wavelength range, coordinated with higher-spatial resolution HiRISE and Context Imager images. MRO's new high-resolution measurements, combined with earlier data from Thermal Emission Spectrometer; Thermal Emission Imaging System; and Observatoire pour la Min??ralogie, L'Eau, les Glaces et l'Activiti?? on Mars Express, indicate that aqueous minerals are both diverse and widespread on the Martian surface. The aqueous minerals occur in 9-10 classes of deposits characterized by distinct mineral assemblages, morphologies, and geologic settings. Phyllosilicates occur in several settings: in compositionally layered blankets hundreds of meters thick, superposed on eroded Noachian terrains; in lower layers of intracrater depositional fans; in layers with potential chlorides in sediments on intercrater plains; and as thousands of deep exposures in craters and escarpments. Carbonate-bearing rocks form a thin unit surrounding the Isidis basin. Hydrated silica occurs with hydrated sulfates in thin stratified deposits surrounding Valles Marineris. Hydrated sulfates also occur together with crystalline ferric minerals in thick, layered deposits in Terra Meridiani and in Valles Marineris and together with kaolinite in deposits that partially infill some highland craters. In this paper we describe each of the classes of deposits, review hypotheses for their origins, identify new questions posed by existing measurements, and consider their implications for ancient habitable environments. On the basis of current data, two to five classes of Noachian-aged deposits containing phyllosilicates and carbonates may have formed in aqueous environments with pH and water activities suitable for life. Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2009JE003342","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Murchie, S., Mustard, J., Ehlmann, B., Milliken, R., Bishop, J., McKeown, N., Noe Dobrea, E., Seelos, F., Buczkowski, D., Wiseman, S., Arvidson, R., Wray, J., Swayze, G., Clark, R.N., Des Marais, D., McEwen, A.S., and Bibring, J., 2009, A synthesis of Martian aqueous mineralogy after 1 Mars year of observations from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 114, no. 9, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JE003342.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476321,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2009je003342","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245528,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217575,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009JE003342"}],"volume":"114","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e5e6e4b0c8380cd4700a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murchie, S.L.","contributorId":7369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murchie","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mustard, J.F.","contributorId":91605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mustard","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ehlmann, B.L.","contributorId":107837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ehlmann","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Milliken, R.E.","contributorId":98022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milliken","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bishop, J.L.","contributorId":83244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bishop","given":"J.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McKeown, N.K.","contributorId":10529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKeown","given":"N.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Noe Dobrea, E.Z.","contributorId":97316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe Dobrea","given":"E.Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Seelos, F.P.","contributorId":44350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seelos","given":"F.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Buczkowski, D.L.","contributorId":66512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buczkowski","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wiseman, S.M.","contributorId":58097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiseman","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Arvidson, R. E.","contributorId":46666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arvidson","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Wray, J.J.","contributorId":26049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wray","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Swayze, G. 0000-0002-1814-7823","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1814-7823","contributorId":55131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swayze","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Clark, R. N.","contributorId":6568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Des Marais, D.J.","contributorId":84075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Des Marais","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"McEwen, A. S.","contributorId":11317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McEwen","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Bibring, J.-P.","contributorId":86083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bibring","given":"J.-P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}} ,{"id":70036886,"text":"70036886 - 2009 - Louisiana wetland water level monitoring using retracked TOPEX/POSEIDON altimetry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T16:10:39","indexId":"70036886","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2666,"text":"Marine Geodesy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Louisiana wetland water level monitoring using retracked TOPEX/POSEIDON altimetry","docAbstract":"Previous studies using satellite radar altimetry to observe inland river and wetland water level changes usually spatially average high-rate (10-Hz for TOPEX, 18-Hz for Envisat) measurements. Here we develop a technique to apply retracking of TOPEX waveforms by optimizing the estimated retracked gate positions using the Offset Center of Gravity retracker. This study, for the first time, utilizes stacking of retracked TOPEX data over Louisiana wetland and concludes that the water level observed by each of 10-Hz data with along-track sampling of ∼660 m exhibit variations, indicating detection of wetland dynamics. After further validations using nearby river gauges, we conclude that TOPEX is capable of measuring accurate water level changes beneath heavy-vegetation canopy region (swamp forest), and that it revealed wetland dynamic flow characteristics along track with spatial scale of 660 m or longer.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/01490410903094767","issn":"01490419","usgsCitation":"Lee, H., Shum, C., Yi, Y., Ibaraki, M., Kim, J., Braun, A., Kuo, C., and Lu, Z., 2009, Louisiana wetland water level monitoring using retracked TOPEX/POSEIDON altimetry: Marine Geodesy, v. 32, no. 3, p. 284-302, https://doi.org/10.1080/01490410903094767.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"284","endPage":"302","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245591,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217634,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490410903094767"}],"volume":"32","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-08-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a49fee4b0c8380cd68a36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, H.","contributorId":40739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shum, C. K.","contributorId":85373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shum","given":"C. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yi, Y.","contributorId":79274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yi","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ibaraki, M.","contributorId":42813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ibaraki","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kim, J.-W.","contributorId":75731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"J.-W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Braun, Andreas","contributorId":80877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Braun","given":"Andreas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kuo, C.-Y.","contributorId":69822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuo","given":"C.-Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lu, Z.","contributorId":106241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70036914,"text":"70036914 - 2009 - A regional soil and sediment geochemical study in northern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036914","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A regional soil and sediment geochemical study in northern California","docAbstract":"Regional-scale variations in soil geochemistry were investigated in a 20,000-km2 study area in northern California that includes the western slope of the Sierra Nevada, the southern Sacramento Valley and the northern Coast Ranges. Over 1300 archival soil samples collected from the late 1970s to 1980 in El Dorado, Placer, Sutter, Sacramento, Yolo and Solano counties were analyzed for 42 elements by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry following a near-total dissolution. These data were supplemented by analysis of more than 500 stream-sediment samples from higher elevations in the Sierra Nevada from the same study site. The relatively high-density data (1 sample per 15 km2 for much of the study area) allows the delineation of regional geochemical patterns and the identification of processes that produced these patterns. The geochemical results segregate broadly into distinct element groupings whose distribution reflects the interplay of geologic, hydrologic, geomorphic and anthropogenic factors. One such group includes elements associated with mafic and ultramafic rocks including Cr, Ni, V, Co, Cu and Mg. Using Cr as an example, elevated concentrations occur in soils overlying ultramafic rocks in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada (median Cr = 160 mg/kg) as well as in the northern Coast Ranges. Low concentrations of these elements occur in soils located further upslope in the Sierra Nevada overlying Tertiary volcanic, metasedimentary and plutonic rocks (granodiorite and diorite). Eastern Sacramento Valley soil samples, defined as those located east of the Sacramento River, are lower in Cr (median Cr = 84 mg/kg), and are systematically lower in this suite compared to soils from the west side of the Sacramento Valley (median Cr = 130 mg/kg). A second group of elements showing a coherent pattern, including Ca, K, Sr and REE, is derived from relatively silicic rocks types. This group occurs at elevated concentrations in soils overlying volcanic and plutonic rocks at higher elevations in the Sierras (e.g. median La = 28 mg/kg) and the east side of the Sacramento Valley (median 20 mg/kg) compared to soils overlying ultramafic rocks in the Sierra Nevada foothills (median 15 mg/kg) and the western Sacramento Valley (median 14 mg/kg). The segregation of soil geochemistry into distinctive groupings across the Sacramento River arises from the former presence of a natural levee (now replaced by an artificial one) along the banks of the river. This levee has been a barrier to sediment transport. Sediment transport to the Valley by glacial outwash from higher elevations in the Sierra Nevada and, more recently, debris from placer Au mining has dominated sediment transport to the eastern Valley. High content of mafic elements (and low content of silicic elements) in surface soil in the west side of the valley is due to a combination of lack of silicic source rocks, transport of ultramafic rock material from the Coast Ranges, and input of sediment from the late Mesozoic Great Valley Group, which is itself enriched in mafic elements. A third group of elements (Zn, Cd, As and Cu) reflect the impact of mining activity. Soil with elevated content of these elements occurs along the Sacramento River in both levee and adjacent flood basin settings. It is interpreted that transport of sediment down the Sacramento River from massive sulfide mines in the Klamath Mountains to the north has caused this pattern. The Pb, and to some extent Zn, distribution patterns are strongly impacted by anthropogenic inputs. Elevated Pb content is localized in major cites and along major highways due to inputs from leaded gasoline. Zinc has a similar distribution pattern but the source is tire wear.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.04.018","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Goldhaber, M., Morrison, J., Holloway, J., Wanty, R., Helsel, D., and Smith, D.B., 2009, A regional soil and sediment geochemical study in northern California: Applied Geochemistry, v. 24, no. 8, p. 1482-1499, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.04.018.","startPage":"1482","endPage":"1499","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217605,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.04.018"},{"id":245561,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e543e4b0c8380cd46c47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldhaber, M. B. 0000-0002-1785-4243","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1785-4243","contributorId":103280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldhaber","given":"M. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morrison, J.M.","contributorId":9063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holloway, J.M. 0000-0003-3603-7668","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3603-7668","contributorId":103041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holloway","given":"J.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wanty, R. B. 0000-0002-2063-6423","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2063-6423","contributorId":66704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wanty","given":"R. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Helsel, D.R.","contributorId":57448,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Helsel","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7242,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison, WI, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":458452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, D. B. davidsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":12840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D.","email":"davidsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70036916,"text":"70036916 - 2009 - Spatial and temporal spawning dynamics of native westslope cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi, introduced rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, and their hybrids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036916","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal spawning dynamics of native westslope cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi, introduced rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, and their hybrids","docAbstract":"We used radiotelemetry to assess spatial and temporal spawning distributions of native westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi; WCT), introduced rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss; RBT), and their hybrids in the upper Flathead River system, Montana (USA) and British Columbia (Canada), from 2000 to 2007. Radio-tagged trout (N = 125) moved upriver towards spawning sites as flows increased during spring runoff and spawned in 29 tributaries. WCT migrated greater distances and spawned in headwater streams during peak flows and as flows declined, whereas RBT and RBT hybrids (backcrosses to RBT) spawned earlier during increasing flows and lower in the system. WCT hybrids (backcrosses to WCT) spawned intermediately in time and space to WCT and RBT and RBT hybrids. Both hybrid groups and RBT, however, spawned over time periods that produced temporal overlap with spawning WCT in most years. Our data indicate that hybridization is spreading via long-distance movements of individuals with high amounts of RBT admixture into WCT streams and stepping-stone invasion at small scales by later generation backcrosses. This study provides evidence that hybridization increases the likelihood of reproductive overlap in time and space, promoting extinction by introgression, and that the spread of hybridization is likely to continue if hybrid source populations are not reduced or eliminated.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/F09-073","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"Muhlfeld, C., McMahon, T., Belcer, D., and Kershner, J.L., 2009, Spatial and temporal spawning dynamics of native westslope cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi, introduced rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, and their hybrids: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 66, no. 7, p. 1153-1168, https://doi.org/10.1139/F09-073.","startPage":"1153","endPage":"1168","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217636,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/F09-073"},{"id":245593,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9446e4b08c986b31a992","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muhlfeld, C.C.","contributorId":97850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhlfeld","given":"C.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McMahon, T.E.","contributorId":56463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"T.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belcer, D.","contributorId":100659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belcer","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kershner, J. L.","contributorId":100322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kershner","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036917,"text":"70036917 - 2009 - Monitoring forest changes in the southwestern United States using multitemporal Landsat data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-05T11:28:32","indexId":"70036917","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring forest changes in the southwestern United States using multitemporal Landsat data","docAbstract":"Landsat time series data sets were acquired for the Santa Fe National Forest in New Mexico. This area includes the San Pedro Parks Wilderness area, which was designated as an official wilderness in 1964. Eight autumnal Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) scenes acquired from 1988 to 2006 were analyzed to determine whether significant changes have occurred throughout the region during the past 18 years and, if so, to assess whether the changes are long-term and gradual or short-term and abrupt. It was found that, starting in about 1995, many of the conifer stands within the Wilderness area showed consistently gradual and marked increases in the Shortwave Infrared/Near Infrared Index. These trends generally imply decreases in canopy greenness or increases in mortality. Other high-elevation conifer forests located outside of the Wilderness area showed similar spectral trends, indicating that changes are potentially widespread. The spatial patterns of forest damage as inferred from the image analyses were very similar to the general patterns of insect defoliation damage mapped via aerial sketch mapping by the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Forest Health Monitoring Program. A field visit indicated that zones of spectral change are associated with high levels of forest damage and mortality, likely caused by a combination of insects and drought. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of using historical Landsat data for providing objective and consistent long-term assessments of the gradual ecosystem changes that are occurring within the western United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2009.04.014","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Vogelmann, J., Tolk, B.L., and Zhu, Z., 2009, Monitoring forest changes in the southwestern United States using multitemporal Landsat data: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 113, no. 8, p. 1739-1748, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2009.04.014.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1739","endPage":"1748","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476269,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10654/38989","text":"External Repository"},{"id":245620,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217663,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2009.04.014"}],"volume":"113","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5dace4b0c8380cd7050a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vogelmann, James E. 0000-0002-0804-5823 vogel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0804-5823","contributorId":649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogelmann","given":"James E.","email":"vogel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":458465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tolk, Brian L. 0000-0002-9060-0266 tolk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9060-0266","contributorId":2992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tolk","given":"Brian","email":"tolk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhu, Zhiliang 0000-0002-6860-6936 zzhu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-6936","contributorId":150078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhiliang","email":"zzhu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036918,"text":"70036918 - 2009 - Process recognition in multi-element soil and stream-sediment geochemical data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036918","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Process recognition in multi-element soil and stream-sediment geochemical data","docAbstract":"Stream-sediment and soil geochemical data from the Upper and Lower Coastal Plains of South Carolina (USA) were studied to determine relationships between soils and stream sediments. From multi-element associations, characteristic compositions were determined for both media. Primary associations of elements reflect mineralogy, including heavy minerals, carbonates and clays, and the effects of groundwater. The effects of groundwater on element concentrations are more evident in soils than stream sediments. A \"winnowing index\" was created using ratios of Th to Al that revealed differing erosional and depositional environments. Both soils and stream sediments from the Upper and Lower Coastal Plains show derivation from similar materials and subsequent similar multi-element relationships, but have some distinct differences. In the Lower Coastal Plain, soils have high values of elements concentrated in heavy minerals (Ce, Y, Th) that grade into high values of elements concentrated into finer-grain-size, lower-density materials, primarily comprised of carbonates and feldspar minerals (Mg, Ca, Na, K, Al). These gradational trends in mineralogy and geochemistry are inferred to reflect reworking of materials during marine transgressions and regressions. Upper Coastal Plain stream-sediment geochemistry shows a higher winnowing index relative to soil geochemistry. A comparison of the 4 media (Upper Coastal Plain soils and stream sediments and Lower Coastal Plain soils and stream sediments) shows that Upper Coastal Plain stream sediments have a higher winnowing index and a higher concentration of elements contained within heavy minerals, whereas Lower Coastal Plain stream sediments show a strong correlation between elements typically contained within clays. It is not possible to calculate a functional relationship between stream sediment-soil compositions for all elements due to the complex history of weathering, deposition, reworking and re-deposition. However, depending on the spatial separation of the stream-sediment and soil samples, some elements are more highly correlated than others. Crown Copyright ?? 2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.04.024","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Grunsky, E., Drew, L., and Sutphin, D.M., 2009, Process recognition in multi-element soil and stream-sediment geochemical data: Applied Geochemistry, v. 24, no. 8, p. 1602-1616, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.04.024.","startPage":"1602","endPage":"1616","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217664,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.04.024"},{"id":245621,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8d89e4b0c8380cd7ec99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grunsky, E.C.","contributorId":91718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grunsky","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drew, L.J.","contributorId":69157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drew","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sutphin, D. M.","contributorId":27424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutphin","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036920,"text":"70036920 - 2009 - Absolute stellar photometry on moderate-resolution FPA images","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036920","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2718,"text":"Metrologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Absolute stellar photometry on moderate-resolution FPA images","docAbstract":"An extensive database of star (and Moon) images has been collected by the ground-based RObotic Lunar Observatory (ROLO) as part of the US Geological Survey program for lunar calibration. The stellar data are used to derive nightly atmospheric corrections for the observations from extinction measurements, and absolute calibration of the ROLO sensors is based on observations of Vega and published reference flux and spectrum data. The ROLO telescopes were designed for imaging the Moon at moderate resolution, thus imposing some limitations for the stellar photometry. Attaining accurate stellar photometry with the ROLO image data has required development of specialized processing techniques. A key consideration is consistency in discriminating the star core signal from the off-axis point spread function. The analysis and processing methods applied to the ROLO stellar image database are described. ?? 2009 BIPM and IOP Publishing Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Metrologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1088/0026-1394/46/4/S17","issn":"00261394","usgsCitation":"Stone, T., 2009, Absolute stellar photometry on moderate-resolution FPA images: Metrologia, v. 46, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/46/4/S17.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217691,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/46/4/S17"},{"id":245651,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e64be4b0c8380cd47314","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stone, T.C.","contributorId":74874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"T.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70036925,"text":"70036925 - 2009 - On selecting a prior for the precision parameter of Dirichlet process mixture models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036925","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2464,"text":"Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On selecting a prior for the precision parameter of Dirichlet process mixture models","docAbstract":"In hierarchical mixture models the Dirichlet process is used to specify latent patterns of heterogeneity, particularly when the distribution of latent parameters is thought to be clustered (multimodal). The parameters of a Dirichlet process include a precision parameter ?? and a base probability measure G0. In problems where ?? is unknown and must be estimated, inferences about the level of clustering can be sensitive to the choice of prior assumed for ??. In this paper an approach is developed for computing a prior for the precision parameter ?? that can be used in the presence or absence of prior information about the level of clustering. This approach is illustrated in an analysis of counts of stream fishes. The results of this fully Bayesian analysis are compared with an empirical Bayes analysis of the same data and with a Bayesian analysis based on an alternative commonly used prior.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jspi.2009.03.009","issn":"03783758","usgsCitation":"Dorazio, R., 2009, On selecting a prior for the precision parameter of Dirichlet process mixture models: Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference, v. 139, no. 9, p. 3384-3390, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspi.2009.03.009.","startPage":"3384","endPage":"3390","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245714,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217750,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jspi.2009.03.009"}],"volume":"139","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6dace4b0c8380cd75277","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dorazio, R.M. 0000-0003-2663-0468","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2663-0468","contributorId":23475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorazio","given":"R.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70036926,"text":"70036926 - 2009 - Fate of sulfamethoxazole, 4-nonylphenol, and 17β-estradiol in groundwater contaminated by wastewater treatment plant effluent","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T09:38:44","indexId":"70036926","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fate of sulfamethoxazole, 4-nonylphenol, and 17β-estradiol in groundwater contaminated by wastewater treatment plant effluent","docAbstract":"Organic wastewater contaminants (OWCs) were measured in samples collected from monitoring wells located along a 4.5-km transect of a plume of groundwater contaminated by 60 years of continuous rapid infiltration disposal of wastewater treatment plant effluent. Fifteen percent of the 212 OWCs analyzed were detected, including the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SX), the nonionic surfactant degradation product 4-nonylphenol (NP), the solvent tetrachloroethene (PCE), and the disinfectant 1,4-dichlorobenzene (DCB). Comparison of the 2005 sampling results to data collected from the same wells in 1985 indicates that PCE and DCB are transported more rapidly in the aquifer than NP, consistent with predictions based on compound hydrophobicity. Natural gradient in situ tracer experiments were conducted to evaluate the subsurface behavior of SX, NP, and the female sex hormone 17β-estradiol (E2) in two oxic zones in the aquifer: (1) a downgradient transition zone at the interface between the contamination plume and the overlying uncontaminated groundwater and (2) a contaminated zone located beneath the infiltration beds, which have not been loaded for 10 years. In both zones, breakthrough curves for the conservative tracer bromide (Br−) and SX were nearly coincident, whereas NP and E2 were retarded relative to Br− and showed mass loss. Retardation was greater in the contaminated zone than in the transition zone. Attenuation of NP and E2 in the aquifer was attributed to biotransformation, and oxic laboratory microcosm experiments using sediments from the transition and contaminated zones show that uniform-ring-labeled 14C 4-normal-NP was biodegraded more rapidly (30−60% recovered as 14CO2 in 13 days) than 4-14C E2 (20−90% recovered as 14CO2in 54 days). There was little difference in mineralization potential between sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es803292v","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Barber, L.B., Keefe, S.H., LeBlanc, D.R., Bradley, P.M., Chapelle, F.H., Meyer, M.T., Loftin, K.A., Koplin, D.W., and Rubio, F., 2009, Fate of sulfamethoxazole, 4-nonylphenol, and 17β-estradiol in groundwater contaminated by wastewater treatment plant effluent: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 43, no. 13, p. 4843-4850, https://doi.org/10.1021/es803292v.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"4843","endPage":"4850","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245742,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217775,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es803292v"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.8673095703125,\n 41.52091689636249\n ],\n [\n -70.8673095703125,\n 42.0125705565935\n ],\n [\n -70.24108886718749,\n 42.0125705565935\n ],\n [\n -70.24108886718749,\n 41.52091689636249\n ],\n [\n -70.8673095703125,\n 41.52091689636249\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f13e4b0c8380cd53753","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barber, Larry B. 0000-0002-0561-0831 lbbarber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0561-0831","contributorId":921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"Larry","email":"lbbarber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - 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