Magnetic investigations of Mountain Pass and vicinity were begun as part of an effort to study regional crustal structures as an aid to understanding the geologic framework and mineral resources of the eastern Mojave Desert. The study area, which straddles the state boundary between southeastern California and southern Nevada, encompasses Mountain Pass, which is host to one of the world’s largest rare earth element carbonatite deposits.
The deposit is found along a north-northwest-trending, fault-bounded block that extends along the eastern parts of the Clark Mountain Range, Mescal Range, and Ivanpah Mountains. This Paleoproterozoic block is composed of a 1.7-Ga metamorphic complex of gneiss and schist that underwent widespread metamorphism and associated plutonism during the Ivanpah orogeny. The Paleoproterozoic rocks were intruded by a Mesoproterozoic (1.4 Ga) ultrapotassic alkaline intrusive suite and carbonatite body. The intrusive rocks include, from oldest to youngest, shonkinite, mesosyenite, syenite, quartz syenite, potassic granite, carbonatite, carbonatite dikes, and late shonkinite dikes.
Generally speaking, magnetic anomalies reflect lateral changes in subsurface magnetization that can be used to infer subsurface geologic structure, revealing variations in lithology and delineating geologic features such as faults, plutons, volcanic rocks, calderas, and sedimentary basins.
A regional aeromagnetic map was derived from statewide aeromagnetic maps of California and Nevada that were compiled from numerous surveys flown at various flightline altitudes and spacings. This compilation, although composed of surveys acquired using different specifications, allows seamless interpretation of magnetic anomalies across survey boundaries.
In addition, a high-resolution aeromagnetic survey was flown by helicopter over parts of the Clark Mountain Range, Mescal Range, and Ivanpah Mountains. The resulting mapped magnetic anomalies show in much greater detail the complex subsurface structures in the Mountain Pass area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3412B","usgsCitation":"Ponce, D.A., and Denton, K.M. (D.A. Ponce, ed.), 2018, Aeromagnetic map of Mountain Pass and vicinity, California and Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3412–B, scale 1:62,500, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3412B.","productDescription":"Sheet: 44.05 x 30.24 inches; Data Releases","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-099318","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357531,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P92XVOOF","text":"USGS Data Release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"High-resolution aeromagnetic survey of Mountain Pass, California"},{"id":357529,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3412/b/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":357530,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3412/b/sim3412b.pdf","text":"Report","size":"19 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3412-B"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Mountain Pass","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.75,\n 35.2833\n ],\n [\n -115.25,\n 35.2833\n ],\n [\n -115.25,\n 35.6167\n ],\n [\n -115.75,\n 35.6167\n ],\n [\n -115.75,\n 35.2833\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
Geology, Minerals, Energy, & Geophysics Science Center
Menlo Park, California
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road
Menlo Park, CA 94025-3591
Gravity investigations of Mountain Pass and vicinity were begun as part of an effort to study regional crustal structures as an aid to understanding the geologic framework and mineral resources of the eastern Mojave Desert. The study area, which straddles the state boundary between southeastern California and southern Nevada, encompasses Mountain Pass, which is host to one of the world’s largest rare earth element carbonatite deposits.
The deposit is found along a north-northwest-trending, fault-bounded block that extends along the eastern parts of the Clark Mountain Range, Mescal Range, and Ivanpah Mountains. This Paleoproterozoic block is composed of a 1.7-Ga metamorphic complex of gneiss and schist that underwent widespread metamorphism and associated plutonism during the Ivanpah orogeny. The Paleoproterozoic rocks were intruded by a Mesoproterozoic (1.4 Ga) ultrapotassic alkaline intrusive suite and carbonatite body. The intrusive rocks include, from oldest to youngest, shonkinite, mesosyenite, syenite, quartz syenite, potassic granite, carbonatite, carbonatite dikes, and late shonkinite dikes.
Generally speaking, gravity anomalies can be used to infer subsurface geologic structure, revealing variations in lithology and delineating features such as faults, plutons, volcanic centers, calderas, and deep sedimentary basins.
As part of this study, gravity data from more than 2,400 stations were collected and processed to identify lateral changes in subsurface density. Gravity stations were distributed across parts of Shadow Valley, Clark Mountain Range, Mescal Range, Ivanpah Mountains, and Ivanpah Valley. The new gravity data were combined with preexisting gravity data from the surrounding areas in California and Nevada. All gravity data were gridded using a minimum curvature algorithm at an interval of 200 m, and the result is displayed as a color-contour isostatic gravity map.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3412A","usgsCitation":"Ponce, D.A., and Denton, K.M. (D.A. Ponce, ed.), 2018, Isostatic gravity map of Mountain Pass and vicinity, California and Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3412–A, scale 1:62,500, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3412A.","productDescription":"44.06 x 30.24 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-095950","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357499,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3412/a/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":357500,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3412/a/sim3412a.pdf","text":"Report","size":"23 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3412-A"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.75,\n 35.2833\n ],\n [\n -115.25,\n 35.2833\n ],\n [\n -115.25,\n 35.6167\n ],\n [\n -115.75,\n 35.6167\n ],\n [\n -115.75,\n 35.2833\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
Geology, Minerals, Energy, & Geophysics Science Center
Menlo Park, California
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road
Menlo Park, CA 94025-3591
U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3412 is a series of products that consists of geophysical and geologic maps of Mountain Pass and vicinity, California. Maps A and B (red outline in above map image) are gravity and aeromagnetic maps, respectively. The map series was begun as part of an effort to study regional crustal structures as an aid to understanding the geologic framework and mineral resources of the southeast Mojave Desert.
Mountain Pass resides within the southeast Mojave Desert, and it is host to a one of the world’s largest rare earth element carbonatite deposits. The deposit is found along a north-northwest- trending, fault-bounded block that extends along the eastern parts of the Clark Mountain Range, Mescal Range, and Ivanpah Mountains. This Paleoproterozoic block is composed of a 1.7-Ga metamorphic complex of gneiss and schist that underwent widespread metamorphism and associated plutonism during the Ivanpah orogeny. The Paleoproterozoic rocks were intruded by a Mesoproterozoic (1.4 Ga) ultrapotassic alkaline intrusive suite and carbonatite body. The intrusive rocks include, from oldest to youngest, shonkinite, mesosyenite, syenite, quartz syenite, potassic granite, carbonatite, carbonatite dikes, and late shonkinite dikes.
Each map in the series provides the basis for geophysical and geologic interpretations of the Mountain Pass carbonatite terrane. Combined, they provide a comprehensive framework of the regional subsurface geologic structure of the area. Together, they form the first publicly available series of geophysical and geologic maps of this part of the southeast Mojave Desert.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3412","productDescription":"Map","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357545,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3412/sim3412_map.pdf","text":"Simplified geological map of study area","size":"900 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":357521,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3412/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Mountain Pass","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.75,\n 35.25\n ],\n [\n -115.25,\n 35.25\n ],\n [\n -115.25,\n 35.625\n ],\n [\n -115.75,\n 35.625\n ],\n [\n -115.75,\n 35.25\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
Geology, Minerals, Energy, & Geophysics Science Center
Menlo Park, California
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road
Menlo Park, CA 94025-3591
Barred owls (Strix varia) have reached high densities within the range of the northern spotted owl (S. occidentalis caurina) and are rapidly increasing in number within the range of the California spotted owl (S. o. occidentalis). Encroaching populations of barred owls pose a significant competitive threat to the viability of both spotted owl subspecies in California. In response, the Director of the California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) convened the California Barred Owl Science Team (BOST) to identify and address the threat posed by barred owls to spotted owls in California. BOST is composed of subject matter scientists with a goal to provide objective scientific review and recommendations to CDFW to promote the recovery and conservation of spotted owls in California.
In this document, BOST identifies, describes, and prioritizes key research needs for barred owls that have the potential to benefit the conservation of spotted owls in California. Key research needs were identified from multiple in-person and remote meetings of BOST, with considerable input from attending representatives from state and federal natural resource agencies. BOST and liaisons recognize that periodic updates of this document will likely be required as more is learned about the ecology of barred owls in California and research needs and priorities evolve.
Research that BOST deemed the most likely to provide a rigorous scientific basis for reducing barred owl populations included experimental removals, along with ecological studies expected to generate information that would provide avenues for the effective management of barred owls. Other high priority research needs include research using biological samples obtained during experimental removals to better understand the ecology of barred owls and the threats they pose to spotted owls and associated wildlife. We conclude the document with a discussion of how projects are related to the State Wildlife Action Plan. In Appendix I, we discuss considerations for maximizing the success of proposed removal experiments and ecological research on barred owls.
","language":"English","publisher":"The California Department of Fish and Wildlife","usgsCitation":"Peery, Z., Wiens, D., Bown, R., Carlson, P.C., Dugger, K., Dumbacher, J., Franklin, A.B., Hamm, K.A., Higley, M., and Keane, J.J., 2018, Barred owl research needs and prioritization in California, 25 p.","productDescription":"25 p.","ipdsId":"IP-101474","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359520,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":359519,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=161742"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5befe5bce4b045bfcadf7f3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peery, Zach","contributorId":210098,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peery","given":"Zach","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wiens, David 0000-0002-2020-038X jwiens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2020-038X","contributorId":167538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiens","given":"David","email":"jwiens@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bown, Robin","contributorId":210095,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bown","given":"Robin","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carlson, Peter C.","contributorId":202536,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carlson","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36473,"text":"Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dugger, Katie","contributorId":210096,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dugger","given":"Katie","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dumbacher, Jack","contributorId":210097,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dumbacher","given":"Jack","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12937,"text":"California Academy of Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Franklin, Alan B.","contributorId":101999,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Franklin","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12434,"text":"USDA, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hamm, Keith A.","contributorId":167062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamm","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":24606,"text":"Green Diamond Resource Company","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Higley, Mark","contributorId":206140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Higley","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37256,"text":"Hoopa Valley Tribal Forestry","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Keane, John J.","contributorId":196049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keane","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70199489,"text":"ofr20181146 - 2018 - Material balance approach for determining oil saturation at the start of carbon dioxide enhanced oil recovery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-11T12:03:47","indexId":"ofr20181146","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-11T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-1146","title":"Material balance approach for determining oil saturation at the start of carbon dioxide enhanced oil recovery","docAbstract":"Oil producers have been using enhanced oil recovery methods, including (1) thermal recovery for heavy oil and (2) carbon dioxide enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR) for medium or light oil, to maximize oil recovery from existing reservoirs. The CO2-EOR method is widely used for recovering additional oil after waterflood, which leaves behind a large volume of oil in the reservoir. Completing a CO2-EOR feasibility study requires values of various geologic, petrophysical, and reservoir properties, as well as production data. Most of the required data are available except for two critical parameters: (1) the oil saturation at the start of CO2-EOR and (2) the oil recovery factor. Several methods, including core analysis, open-hole and cased-hole well logging, well-to-well tracer tests, and material balance, have been deployed to determine the residual oil saturation after waterflood (at which the relative permeability to oil nears zero) or remaining oil saturation after waterflood, equal to the oil saturation at the start of CO2-EOR. This report presents the material balance approach, which is less expensive than other approaches and provides reasonably accurate values of oil saturation at the start of CO2-EOR, and therefore is more useful when assessing a large number of reservoirs.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181146","usgsCitation":"Verma, M.K., 2018, Material balance approach for determining oil saturation at the start of carbon dioxide enhanced oil recovery: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1146, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181146.","productDescription":"v, 14 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-091063","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358130,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1146/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":358131,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1146/ofr20181146.pdf","text":"Report","size":"527 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1146"}],"contact":"Energy Resources Program
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
913 National Center
Reston, VA 20192
Email: gd-energyprogram@usgs.gov
For nature reserves in urban settings, wildlife and wildlife habitats may be affected by recreational activities and intensive, adjacent development. Sustaining biodiversity in such reserves is a challenge for land and natural resource managers, but identification of core areas and key resources for wildlife species may help in planning for current and emerging threats. To help identify core areas and resources, we conducted spatial analyses and predictive modeling of vertebrate distributions for a network of nature reserves in densely populated Orange County, California. We primarily focused on bobcats (Lynx rufus), a species with a strong association with natural habitat. Bobcat space use has been correlated with broad, simple land-use categories, but relatively little is known about the influence of greater landscape complexity on habitat suitability for bobcats. To examine habitat selection by bobcats, we developed spatial data layers representing environmental factors that might influence this species, and we used previously collected Global Positioning System tracking data for 30 male and 21 female bobcats to indicate bobcat response to complex landscape factors. We examined these inputs using Resource Selection Function (RSF) modeling and developed spatially explicit models of the probability of bobcat use (selection or avoidance) of landscape characteristics. RSF models highlighted the general importance of reserve habitat for bobcats, but suggested that female bobcats were more dependent that male bobcats on habitat within designated reserves. Male bobcats, which range more widely than female bobcats, were associated with undeveloped areas both within and outside reserves. Small areas were present outside reserves that seemed to provide additional suitable habitat or movement areas for bobcats, potentially through restoration, connectivity, or reduced edge effects.
Although bobcat RSFs suggested areas of high value to this species and potentially other species, taxa can differ greatly in their resource-selection and spatial requirements. Thus, for several species of reptiles, amphibians, and birds, we adapted species distribution models based on occurrence data to examine the response of other vertebrates to the landscape. To identify potential High-Value Areas (HVAs) for single or multiple species, we then developed a step-wise filtering process that can be applied to a series of spatial data layers. We provide examples of alternative decision models for HVAs that capture different elements of biodiversity and a range of management considerations. As landscape and management challenges change, these spatial layers and decision rules can be adjusted based on new information. Our approach thus establishes a general framework for identifying high-value habitat that can be used for current management decisions and refined in the future, depending on management interests and goals and the availability of suitable quality data or adequate surrogate information.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181095","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Natural Communities Coalition","usgsCitation":"Boydston, E.E., and Tracey, J.A., 2018, Modeling resource selection of bobcats (Lynx rufus) and vertebrate species distributions in Orange County, southern California, with a section on Modeling for reptile, amphibian, and bird distributions by Tracey, J.A., Preston, K.L., Rochester, C.J., Boydston, E.E., and Fisher, R.N.: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1095, 65 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181095.","productDescription":"vi, 65 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-086435","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358295,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1095/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":358296,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1095/ofr20181095.pdf","text":"Report","size":"13.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1095"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Orange County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.95,\n 33.5\n ],\n [\n -117.5667,\n 33.5\n ],\n [\n -117.5667,\n 34\n ],\n [\n -117.95,\n 34\n ],\n [\n -117.95,\n 33.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819
Altered disturbance regimes and shifting climates have increased the need for large‐scale restoration treatments across the western United States. Seed‐sourcing remains a considerable challenge for revegetation efforts, particularly on public lands where policy favors the use of native, locally sourced plant material to avoid maladaptation. An important area of emphasis for public agencies has been the development of spatial tools to guide selection of genetically appropriate seed. When genetic information is not available, current seed transfer guidelines stipulate use of climate‐based or provisional seed transfer zones, which serve as a proxy for local adaptation by representing climate gradients to which plants are commonly adapted. Despite this guidance, little emphasis has been placed on identifying best practices for deriving provisional seed zones or on incorporating predictions from future climate. We describe a flexible, multivariate procedure for deriving such zones that incorporates a broad range of climatic characteristics while accounting for covariation among climate variables. With this approach, we derive provisional seed zones for four regions in the Desert Southwest (the Mojave Desert, Sonoran Desert, Colorado Plateau, and Southern Great Basin). To facilitate future‐resilient restoration designs, we project each zone into its relative position in the future climate based on near‐term, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 emissions scenarios. Although provisional seed zones are useful in a variety of contexts, there are also situations in which site‐specific guidance is preferable. To meet this need, we implement Climate Distance Mapper, an interactive decision‐support tool designed to help practitioners match seed sources with restoration sites through an accessible online interface. The application allows users to rank the suitability of seed sources anywhere on the landscape based on multivariate climate distances. Users can perform calculations for either the current or future climates. Additionally, tools are available to guide sample effort in regional‐scale seed collections or to partition the landscape into climate clusters representing suitable planting sites for different seed sources. Our tools and analytic procedures represent a flexible and reproducible framework for advancing native plant development programs in the Desert Southwest and beyond.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2453","usgsCitation":"Shryock, D., DeFalco, L., and Esque, T., 2018, Spatial decision‐support tools to guide restoration and seed‐sourcing in the Desert Southwest: Ecosphere, v. 9, no. 10, p. 1-19, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2453.","productDescription":"e02453; 19 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"19","ipdsId":"IP-099467","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468326,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2453","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437721,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9R8YKL0","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Principal components of climate variation in the Desert Southwest (ver. 2.0, September 2019)"},{"id":437720,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9FCRGHF","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Principal components of climate variation in the Desert Southwest for the time periods 1980-2010, 2040-2070 (RCP8.5) and (RCP4.5)"},{"id":358280,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.03662109374999,\n 31.27855085894653\n ],\n [\n -104.7216796875,\n 31.27855085894653\n ],\n [\n -104.7216796875,\n 42.01665183556825\n ],\n [\n -120.03662109374999,\n 42.01665183556825\n ],\n [\n -120.03662109374999,\n 31.27855085894653\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-10-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f70e4b0fc368eb5381d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shryock, Daniel F. 0000-0003-0330-9815 dshryock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0330-9815","contributorId":208659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shryock","given":"Daniel F.","email":"dshryock@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeFalco, Lesley A. 0000-0002-7542-9261","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7542-9261","contributorId":208658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeFalco","given":"Lesley A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Esque, Todd 0000-0002-4166-6234 tesque@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4166-6234","contributorId":195896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70200025,"text":"70200025 - 2018 - A decade of remotely sensed observations highlight complex processes linked to coastal permafrost bluff erosion in the Arctic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T09:00:10","indexId":"70200025","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-11T11:23:59","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1562,"text":"Environmental Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A decade of remotely sensed observations highlight complex processes linked to coastal permafrost bluff erosion in the Arctic","docAbstract":"Eroding permafrost coasts are indicators and integrators of changes in the Arctic System as they are susceptible to the combined effects of declining sea ice extent, increases in open water duration, more frequent and impactful storms, sea-level rise, and warming permafrost. However, few observation sites in the Arctic have yet to link decadal-scale erosion rates with changing environmental conditions due to temporal data gaps. This study increases the temporal fidelity of coastal permafrost bluff observations using near-annual high spatial resolution (<1 m) satellite imagery acquired between 2008 and 2017 for a 9-km segment of coastline at Drew Point, Beaufort Sea coast, Alaska. Our results show that mean annual erosion for the 2007 to 2016 decade was 17.2 m yr<sup>-1</sup>, which is 2.5 times faster than historic rates, indicating that bluff erosion at this site is likely responding to changes in the Arctic System. In spite of a sustained increase in decadal-scale mean annual erosion rates, mean open water season erosion varied from 6.7 m yr<sup>-1</sup> in 2010 to more than 22.0 m yr<sup>-1</sup> in 2007, 2012, and 2016. This variability provided a range of coastal responses through which we explored the different roles of potential environmental drivers. The lack of significant correlations between mean open water season erosion and the environmental variables compiled in this study indicates that we may not be adequately capturing the environmental forcing factors, that the system is conditioned by long-term transient effects or extreme weather events rather than annual variability, or that other not yet considered factors may be responsible for the increased erosion occurring at Drew Point. Our results highlight an increase in erosion at Drew Point in the 21st century as well as the complexities associated with unraveling the factors responsible for changing coastal permafrost bluffs in the Arctic.
","language":"English","publisher":"IOP Publishing","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/aae471","usgsCitation":"Jones, B., Farquharson, L.M., Baughman, C., Buzard, R., Arp, C.D., Grosse, G., Bull, D.L., Gunther, F., Nitze, I., Urban, F., Kasper, J., Frederick, J.M., Thomas, M.A., Jones, C., Mota, A., Dallimore, S., Tweedie, C.E., Maio, C.V., Mann, D.H., Richmond, B.M., Gibbs, A.E., Xiao, M., Sachs, T., Iwahana, G., Kanevskiy, M.Z., and Romanovsky, V.E., 2018, A decade of remotely sensed observations highlight complex processes linked to coastal permafrost bluff erosion in the Arctic: Environmental Research Letters, v. 13, no. 11, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aae471.","productDescription":"13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-100635","costCenters":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468327,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aae471","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":358277,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -153.95,\n 70.8333\n ],\n [\n -153.6833,\n 70.8333\n ],\n [\n -153.6833,\n 70.9\n ],\n [\n -153.95,\n 70.9\n ],\n [\n -153.95,\n 70.8333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-10-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f71e4b0fc368eb5381f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Benjamin M. 0000-0002-1517-4711","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1517-4711","contributorId":208625,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Benjamin M.","affiliations":[{"id":37848,"text":"Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, UNITED STATES","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":747894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farquharson, Louise M. 0000-0001-8884-511X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8884-511X","contributorId":208626,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farquharson","given":"Louise","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37849,"text":"Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, UNITED STATES","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baughman, Carson 0000-0002-9423-9324 cbaughman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9423-9324","contributorId":169657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baughman","given":"Carson","email":"cbaughman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buzard, Richard M.","contributorId":208627,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buzard","given":"Richard M.","affiliations":[{"id":37850,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, UNITED STATES","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Arp, Christopher D.","contributorId":17330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arp","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Grosse, Guido","contributorId":146182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grosse","given":"Guido","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12916,"text":"Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bull, Diana L.","contributorId":208628,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bull","given":"Diana","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37851,"text":"Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, UNITED STATES","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gunther, Frank 0000-0001-8298-8937","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8298-8937","contributorId":208629,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gunther","given":"Frank","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37852,"text":"Periglacial Research, Alfred-Wegener-Institut fur Polar und Meeresforschung, Potsdam, GERMANY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Nitze, Ingmar","contributorId":191057,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nitze","given":"Ingmar","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Urban, Frank 0000-0002-1329-1703 furban@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1329-1703","contributorId":127827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Urban","given":"Frank","email":"furban@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Kasper, Jeremy L. 0000-0003-0975-6114","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0975-6114","contributorId":208630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kasper","given":"Jeremy L.","affiliations":[{"id":37850,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, UNITED STATES","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Frederick, Jennifer M. 0000-0003-2414-778X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2414-778X","contributorId":208631,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frederick","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37851,"text":"Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, UNITED STATES","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Thomas, Matthew A. 0000-0002-9828-5539 matthewthomas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9828-5539","contributorId":200616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Matthew","email":"matthewthomas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Jones, Craig","contributorId":208632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Craig","affiliations":[{"id":37853,"text":"Integral Constulting Inc., Santa Cruz, California, UNITED STATES","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Mota, Alejandro","contributorId":208633,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mota","given":"Alejandro","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37854,"text":"Sandia National Laboratories California, Livermore, California, UNITED STATES","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Dallimore, Scott","contributorId":208634,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dallimore","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37855,"text":"Geological Survey of Canada Pacific Vancouver, Vancouver, British Columbia, CANADA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Tweedie, Craig E.","contributorId":200176,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tweedie","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Maio, Christopher V.","contributorId":208635,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maio","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":37850,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, UNITED STATES","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Mann, Daniel H.","contributorId":193130,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mann","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Richmond, Bruce M. 0000-0002-0056-5832 brichmond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0056-5832","contributorId":2459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Bruce","email":"brichmond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Gibbs, Ann E. 0000-0002-0883-3774 agibbs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0883-3774","contributorId":2644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibbs","given":"Ann","email":"agibbs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Xiao, Ming","contributorId":208636,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xiao","given":"Ming","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37856,"text":"Penn State, University Park, Pennsylvania, UNITED STATES","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Sachs, Torsten 0000-0002-9959-4771","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9959-4771","contributorId":208637,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sachs","given":"Torsten","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34716,"text":"GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Iwahana, Go 0000-0003-4628-1074","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4628-1074","contributorId":208638,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iwahana","given":"Go","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37850,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, UNITED STATES","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Kanevskiy, Mikhail Z.","contributorId":199153,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kanevskiy","given":"Mikhail","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Romanovsky, Vladimir E.","contributorId":169658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Romanovsky","given":"Vladimir","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6695,"text":"UAF","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26}]}} ,{"id":70200024,"text":"70200024 - 2018 - California Gull population growth and ecological impacts in the San Francisco Bay estuary, 1980–2016","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-01-28T09:03:47","indexId":"70200024","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-11T11:06:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"California Gull population growth and ecological impacts in the San Francisco Bay estuary, 1980–2016","docAbstract":"The breeding population of California Gulls (Larus californicus) in the San Francisco\nBay estuary increased from 24 individuals in 1980 to a peak of over 53,000 in 2014, then\ndeclined to 38,040 in 2016. The expansion of the breeding population may be related to\nthe availability of suitable nesting sites in close proximity to anthropogenic food subsidies\nat landfills. Telemetry data indicate that California Gull movements are largely dictated by\nthe two primary landfills in South San Francisco Bay. The large population of California\nGulls has had negative effects on locally breeding shorebirds and terns, especially the Forster’s\nTern (Sterna forsteri), American Avocet (Recurvirostra americana), and Western Snowy Plover\n(Charadrius nivosus nivosus). In South San Francisco Bay, California Gulls were responsible\nfor 13% and 38% of egg predation events at nests of American Avocets and Snowy Plovers,\nrespectively, and 55% and 54% of chick predation events of American Avocets and Forster’s\nTerns, respectively. The forced relocation of the largest gull colony (~24,000) at Pond A6 in\n2010 resulted in increased survival of Forster’s Tern chicks at the adjacent colony at Pond A7 in\n2011. The California Gull population and its effects on locally breeding shorebirds and terns\nare among the most pressing concerns for wetland managers within the San Francisco Bay\nestuary, especially for the South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project. Further research is needed\nto evaluate the gull’s reproductive rates, habitat use, and annual movements and so to clarify\nits demographics and to quantify its effects on other breeding birds.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Trends and traditions: Avifaunal change in western North America, Studies of Western Birds No. 3","language":"English","publisher":"Western Field Ornithologists","doi":"10.21199/SWB3.9","usgsCitation":"Burns, C.E., Ackerman, J., Washburn, N.B., Bluso-Demers, J., Robinson-Nilsen, C., and Strong, C., 2018, California Gull population growth and ecological impacts in the San Francisco Bay estuary, 1980–2016, chap. of Trends and traditions: Avifaunal change in western North America, Studies of Western Birds No. 3, p. 180-189, https://doi.org/10.21199/SWB3.9.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"180","endPage":"189","ipdsId":"IP-061943","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358276,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f71e4b0fc368eb53821","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burns, Catherine E.","contributorId":208622,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burns","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37846,"text":"SFBay Bird Observatory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":747887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Washburn, Natalie B.","contributorId":208623,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Washburn","given":"Natalie","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":37847,"text":"San Francisco Bay Bird Observatory, Ducks Unlimited","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bluso-Demers, Jill","contributorId":177613,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bluso-Demers","given":"Jill","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Robinson-Nilsen, Caitlin","contributorId":208624,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robinson-Nilsen","given":"Caitlin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17738,"text":"San Francisco Bay Bird Observatory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Strong, Cheryl","contributorId":149428,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strong","given":"Cheryl","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6927,"text":"USFWS, National Wildlife Refuge System","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70199161,"text":"sir20185118 - 2018 - Completion summary for borehole TAN-2312 at Test Area North, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-12T11:03:03","indexId":"sir20185118","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-11T10:47:02","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-5118","title":"Completion summary for borehole TAN-2312 at Test Area North, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho","docAbstract":"In 2017, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, drilled and constructed borehole TAN-2312 for stratigraphic framework analyses and long-term groundwater monitoring of the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer at the Idaho National Laboratory in southeast Idaho. The location of borehole TAN-2312 was selected because it was downgradient from TAN and believed to be the outer extent of waste plumes originating from the TAN facility. Borehole TAN-2312 initially was cored to collect continuous geologic data, and then re-drilled to complete construction as a monitor well. The final construction for borehole TAN-2312 required 16- and 10-inch (in.) diameter carbon-steel well casing to 37 and 228 feet below land surface (ft BLS), respectively, and 9.9-in. diameter open-hole completion below the casing to 522 ft BLS. Depth to water is measured near 244 ft BLS. Following construction and data collection, a temporary submersible pump and water-level access line were placed near 340 ft BLS to allow for aquifer testing, for collecting periodic water samples, and for measuring water levels.
Borehole TAN-2312 was cored continuously, starting at the first basalt contact (about 37 ft BLS) to a depth of 568 ft BLS. Not including surface sediment (0–37 ft), recovery of basalt and sediment core at borehole TAN-2312 was about 93 percent; however, core recovery from 170 to 568 ft BLS was 100 percent. Based on visual inspection of core and geophysical data, basalt examined from 37 to 568 ft BLS consists of about 32 basalt flows that range from approximately 3 to 87 ft in thickness and 4 sediment layers with a combined thickness of approximately 76 ft. About 2 ft of total sediment was described for the saturated zone, observed from 244 to 568 ft BLS, near 296 and 481 ft BLS. Sediment described for the saturated zone were composed of fine-grained sand and silt with a lesser amount of clay. Basalt texture for borehole TAN-2312 generally was described as aphanitic, phaneritic, and porphyritic. Basalt flows varied from highly fractured to dense with high to low vesiculation.
Geophysical and borehole video logs were collected after core drilling and after final construction at borehole TAN-2312. Geophysical logs were examined synergistically with available core material to suggest zones where groundwater flow was anticipated. Natural gamma log measurements were used to assess sediment layer thickness and location. Neutron and gamma-gamma source logs were used to identify fractured areas for aquifer testing. Acoustic televiewer logs, fluid logs, and electromagnetic flow meter results were used to identify fractures and assess groundwater movement when compared against neutron measurements. Furthermore, gyroscopic deviation measurements were used to measure horizontal and vertical displacement for borehole TAN-2312.
After construction of borehole TAN-2312, a single-well aquifer test was completed September 27, 2017, to provide estimates of transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity. Estimates for transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity were 1.51×102 feet squared per day and 0.23 feet per day, respectively. During the 220-minute aquifer test, well TAN-2312 had about 23 ft of measured drawdown at sustained pumping rate of 27.2 gallons per minute. The transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity estimates for well TAN-2312 were lower than the values determined from previous aquifer tests in other wells near Test Area North.
Water samples were analyzed for cations, anions, metals, nutrients, volatile organic compounds, stable isotopes, and radionuclides. Water samples for most of the inorganic constituents showed concentrations near background levels for eastern regional groundwater. Water samples for stable isotopes of oxygen, hydrogen, and sulfur indicated some possible influence of irrigation on the water quality. The volatile organic compound data indicated that this well had some minor influence by wastewater disposal practices at Test Area North.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20185118","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Twining, B.V., Bartholomay, R.C., and Hodges, M.K.V., 2018, Completion summary for borehole TAN-2312 at Test Area North, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018-5118, DOE/ID-22247, 29 p., plus appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185118.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 29 p.; Appendixes","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-090126","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358288,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5118/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":358289,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5118/sir20185118.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2018-5118"},{"id":358290,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5118/sir20185118_appendix01.pdf","text":"Appendix 1","size":"85 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2018-5118 Appendix 1"},{"id":358291,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5118/sir20185118_appendix02.pdf","text":"Appendix 2","size":"27 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2018-5118 Appendix 2"},{"id":358292,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5118/sir20185118_appendix03.pdf","text":"Appendix 3","size":"2.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2018-5118 Appendix 3"},{"id":358293,"rank":6,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5118/sir20185118_appendix04.pdf","text":"Appendix 4","size":"138 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2018-5118 Appendix 4"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Idaho National Laboratory","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.75,\n 43.8167\n ],\n [\n -112.6833,\n 43.8167\n ],\n [\n -112.6833,\n 43.8667\n ],\n [\n -112.75,\n 43.8667\n ],\n [\n -112.75,\n 43.8167\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Idaho Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
230 Collins Road
Boise, Idaho 83702
Dauphin Island, Alabama, is a barrier island located in the northern Gulf of Mexico that supports local residences, tourism, commercial infrastructure, and historic Fort Gaines. During the past decade, Dauphin Island was affected by several major hurricanes—Hurricanes Ivan (2004), Katrina (2005), and Isaac (2012)—and storms, along with sea-level rise, continue to present a threat to island stability. State and Federal managers are using a scientific approach to identify, formulate, and implement a long-term plan to provide restoration options for Dauphin Island, thereby helping increase its resilience against future storms and sea-level rise. Island morphology, including current bathymetry and shoreline data, is one scientific domain being investigated in an effort to produce a comprehensive restoration plan funded by an interagency grant from the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation Gulf Environmental Benefit Fund.
In August 2015, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC), in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers at the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Mobile District, and the State of Alabama, conducted bathymetric surveys of the nearshore waters surrounding Dauphin Island. This report provides a detailed methodology for the data acquisition and post-processing of 1,165-line kilometers (km) of single-beam bathymetry data collected under the USGS–SPCMSC Alabama Barrier Island Restoration Study. These data were acquired and processed under USGS field activity number 2015–326–FA. Data are provided in three datums: (1) the International Terrestrial Reference Frame of 2000, ellipsoid height (from –47.04 meters (m) to –29.36 m); (2) the North American Datum of 1983, CORS96 realization (NAD83 (CORS96)) horizontal, and the North American Vertical Datum 1988 GEOID12A vertical (from –0.24 m to –17.33 m); and (3) NAD83 (CORS96) horizontal, and mean lower low water vertical (from –0.12 m to –17.93 m). The x,y,z point datasets, trackline shapefiles, digital and handwritten Field Activity Collection Systems logs, one 50-m digital elevation model, and formal Federal Geographic Data Committee metadata are obtainable from the Data Downloads page or the associated USGS data release.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds1095","usgsCitation":"DeWitt, N.T., Stalk, C.A., Flocks, J.G., Bernier, J.C., Kelso, K.W., Fredericks, J.J., and Tuten, T.M., 2018, Nearshore single-beam bathymetry data collected in 2015, Dauphin Island, Alabama: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1095, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1095.","productDescription":"Report: HTML; Data release","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-090788","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358117,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1095/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":358118,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1095/index.html","text":"Report HTML","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"DS 1095"},{"id":358119,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7BZ648W","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Single-beam bathymetry data collected in 2015 nearshore Dauphin Island, Alabama"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","otherGeospatial":"Dauphin Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.38706970214844,\n 30.194992169502903\n ],\n [\n -88.05061340332031,\n 30.194992169502903\n ],\n [\n -88.05061340332031,\n 30.292274851024256\n ],\n [\n -88.38706970214844,\n 30.292274851024256\n ],\n [\n -88.38706970214844,\n 30.194992169502903\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
600 4th St. S.
St. Petersburg, FL 33701
This short course was prepared at the request of Servicio Geológico Colombiano (SGC) as a module for staff training. Prior to the short course, the SGC expressed interest in receiving training in (1) geochemistry and quality of coal; (2) geochemistry of trace elements in coal; (3) mercury and halogens in coal; (4) characterization and cycling of atmospheric mercury; (5) mercury, trace elements, and organic constituents in atmospheric fine particulate matter; (6) mercury in coal and the effect of coal quality on mercury emissions from combustion systems; (7) environmental and health effects related to coal use; and (8) related topics in coal combustion processes. A five-session short course was prepared that addressed all but the engineering aspects of coal use. In the sections that follow, topic overviews are given for the material that was presented. Brief descriptions of each slide are given in appendix 1, and the actual short course material, presented as a series of PowerPoint slides, is included in Portable Document Format (PDF) as appendix 2.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181145","collaboration":"Prepared in collaboration with Servicio Geológico Colombiano, Bogotá, Colombia","usgsCitation":"Kolker, A., 2018, Topics in coal geochemistry—Short course: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1145, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181145.","productDescription":"Report: x, 31 p.; Appendix","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-087688","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358209,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1145/ofr20181145_appendix2.pdf","text":"Appendix 2","size":"11.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1145 Appendix 2","linkHelpText":"Appendix 2. Short Course Slides"},{"id":358207,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1145/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":358208,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1145/ofr20181145.pdf","text":"Report","size":"365 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1145"}],"contact":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
956 National Center
Reston, VA 20192
https://energy.usgs.gov/
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/fme.12315","usgsCitation":"Roop, H.J., Poudyal, N.C., and Jennings, C.A., 2018, Efficacy of a passive use-estimation system for estimating fishing effort on a multi-lake fishery: Fisheries Management and Ecology, v. 25, no. 6, p. 512-514, https://doi.org/10.1111/fme.12315.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"512","endPage":"514","ipdsId":"IP-096659","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395365,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Charlie Elliott Wildlife Center","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.78036499023438,\n 33.390459518928324\n ],\n [\n -83.6893844604492,\n 33.390459518928324\n ],\n [\n -83.6893844604492,\n 33.493020947702256\n ],\n [\n -83.78036499023438,\n 33.493020947702256\n ],\n [\n -83.78036499023438,\n 33.390459518928324\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-10-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roop, Hunter J.","contributorId":204959,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roop","given":"Hunter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":832905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poudyal, Neelam C.","contributorId":274324,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poudyal","given":"Neelam","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":12697,"text":"University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jennings, Cecil A. 0000-0002-6159-6026 jennings@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6159-6026","contributorId":874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"Cecil","email":"jennings@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":832904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70199279,"text":"sim3418 - 2018 - Geologic framework and hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards and Trinity aquifers within Hays County, Texas","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70199279,"text":"sim3418 - 2018 - Geologic framework and hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards and Trinity aquifers within Hays County, Texas","indexId":"sim3418","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic framework and hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards and Trinity aquifers within Hays County, Texas"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70270254,"text":"sim3540 - 2025 - Geologic framework and hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards and Trinity aquifers within Hays County, Texas","indexId":"sim3540","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic framework and hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards and Trinity aquifers within Hays County, Texas"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70270254,"text":"sim3540 - 2025 - Geologic framework and hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards and Trinity aquifers within Hays County, Texas","indexId":"sim3540","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic framework and hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards and Trinity aquifers within Hays County, Texas"},"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-22T20:22:11.973144","indexId":"sim3418","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-09T19:46:24","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3418","title":"Geologic framework and hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards and Trinity aquifers within Hays County, Texas","docAbstract":"The Edwards and Trinity aquifers are classified as major aquifers by the Texas Water Development Board and are major sources of water in south-central Texas, where Hays County is located. Detailed maps and descriptions of the geologic framework and hydrostratigraphic units (HSUs) of these karstic aquifers in Hays County are needed for water managers to effectively manage groundwater resources in the area. During 2016–18, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Edwards Aquifer Authority, documented the geologic framework and hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards and Trinity aquifers for a large part of Hays County, characterizing approximately 560 square miles of the county. The report includes a 1:24,000-scale hydrostratigraphic map and descriptions of the geology and HSUs in the study area. In addition, parts of the adjacent upper confining unit to the Edwards aquifer are described.
The rocks exposed within the study area are within outcrops of the Trinity and Edwards Groups and the overlying Washita, Eagle Ford, Austin, and Taylor Groups. The rocks are sedimentary and formed during the Cretaceous age. The principal structural feature in Hays County is the Balcones fault zone, which is the result of late Oligocene and early Miocene age high-angle normal faulting and fracturing. Hydrostratigraphically, the exposed rocks represent a section of the upper confining unit to the Edwards aquifer, the Edwards aquifer, the upper zone of the Trinity aquifer, the middle zone of the Trinity aquifer, and the upper part of the lower zone of the Trinity aquifer. Complexity in the aquifer system results from a combination of the original depositional history, bioturbation, primary and secondary porosity, diagenesis, fracturing, and faulting.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3418","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Edwards Aquifer Authority","usgsCitation":"Clark, A.K., Pedraza, D.E., and Morris, R.R., 2018, Geologic framework and hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards and Trinity aquifers within Hays County, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3418, 1 sheet, scale 1:24,000, pamphlet, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3418.","productDescription":"Sheet: 48.0 x 36.0 inches; Pamphlet: vi, 11 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-095828","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358200,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3418/coverthb3.jpg"},{"id":358202,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3418/sim3418_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","size":"2.75 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3418 Pamphlet"},{"id":358203,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9IEJHMH","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Geospatial Dataset of the Geologic Framework and Hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards and Trinity Aquifers within Hays County, Texas at 1:24,000 scale"},{"id":358201,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3418/sim3418.pdf","text":"Sheet","size":"137 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3418"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Hays County","otherGeospatial":"Edwards Aquifer, Trinity Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-98.2986,30.0395],[-98.2197,30.2335],[-98.1793,30.3395],[-98.1732,30.356],[-97.7131,30.0229],[-97.7659,29.9791],[-97.7763,29.9679],[-97.7891,29.9599],[-97.7995,29.9459],[-97.8161,29.9371],[-97.8599,29.91],[-97.897,29.8819],[-97.9008,29.8554],[-97.8966,29.8558],[-97.8934,29.8566],[-97.8924,29.8575],[-97.8918,29.8584],[-97.8907,29.8598],[-97.8902,29.8612],[-97.8896,29.8616],[-97.888,29.8625],[-97.8838,29.8615],[-97.8786,29.8591],[-97.9354,29.8185],[-97.9478,29.8091],[-97.9823,29.7726],[-97.9996,29.7537],[-98.0389,29.8493],[-98.1102,29.9036],[-98.2986,30.0395]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Hays\",\"state\":\"TX\"}}]}","contact":"Director, Texas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
505 Ferguson Lane
Austin, Texas 78754–4501
Lead mining first began in the Big River watershed during the 1700s. Lead was the primary metal mined throughout most of the 1700s and early 1800s and it continued to be mined until the mid-1900s. Barite mining began in the middle part of the watershed in the mid- to late 1800s. Although considerable attention has been given to concentrations of miningrelated trace elements (mostly cadmium, lead, and zinc) in the Big River and its tributaries draining the Old Lead Belt, there is less information regarding concentrations of mining-related trace elements in tributaries draining the Barite District in southeast Missouri, which is downstream from the Old Lead Belt, and the contribution of sediment transported from this district to trace elements in lower reaches of the Big River. The purpose of this report is to present results of an investigation of the distribution of mining-related trace elements in sediments in the middle reach of the Big River downstream from the Old Lead Belt and the Big River tributaries that drain a large part of the Barite District.
In general, concentrations of cadmium and lead in streambed sediment were largest in samples from the Big River and smallest in Barite District tributary samples. Concentrations of zinc were somewhat similar in the Big River and Barite District tributaries; however, higher concentrations were present in upstream Big River site samples, as well as in samples from one site on Maddin Creek and at another site on Old Mines Creek that drains the Barite District. Barium concentrations were considerably larger in samples from Barite District tributaries compared to samples collected on the Big River. Samples collected downstream from the Barite District on the Big River had considerably larger barium concentrations than samples collected upstream from the Barite District.
Flood-plain core samples were collected from 26 cores at 5 transect locations along tributaries in the Barite District. Of the individual 693 bulk (unsieved) samples from these cores analyzed by x-ray fluorescence, the probable effects concentration (PEC) values were exceeded for cadmium (PEC of 4.98 milligrams per kilogram [mg/kg], 218 samples), lead (PEC of 128 mg/kg, 91 samples), nickel (PEC of 48.6 mg/kg, 45 samples), and zinc (PEC of 459 mg/kg, 77 samples). Of the 693 samples, 21 exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency residential yard cleanup level of 400 mg/kg for lead; 19 of these were samples from a single transect near the mouth of Mineral Fork Creek where its flood plain joins the Big River flood plain.
Shortly after the December 2015 flood on the Big River (the third largest flood along the river since the 1950s), 23 samples of fine sediment deposited from the flood were collected from the Big River flood plain upstream and downstream from the Barite District and several tributaries. Overall, the general pattern of barium, lead, and zinc concentrations in the 2015 flood sediment samples was similar to that observed in the streambed-sediment samples.
Overall concentrations of barium were larger at Big River sites downstream from the Barite District, and cadmium, lead, and zinc concentrations were generally similar or smaller at sites downstream from the Barite District when compared to sites upstream from the Barite District. These data indicate a substantial influx of barium from the Barite District into the Big River but only a minimal influx of cadmium, lead, and zinc.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20185103","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Smith, D.C., and Schumacher, J.G., 2018, Distribution of mining-related trace elements in streambed and flood-plain sediment along the middle Big River and tributaries in the Southeast Missouri Barite District, 2012–15: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018–5103, 89 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185103.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 89 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"102","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-090502","costCenters":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357852,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5103/sir20185103.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.85 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2018–5103"},{"id":357851,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5103/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":357853,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9OFYN3C","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Concentrations of Major and Trace Elements in Streambed and Floodplain Sediment along the Middle Big River and Tributaries in the Southeast Missouri Barite District and in Quality-Assurance Samples, 2012–15"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Middle Big River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -90,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -90,\n 38.5\n ],\n [\n -91,\n 38.5\n ],\n [\n -91,\n 37.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1400 Independence Road
Rolla, MO 65401
The alluvial diamond deposits of the Central African Republic (CAR) are mined almost exclusively by way of informal artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) methods. ASM sites range in diameter from a few meters to 30 meters or more, and are typically excavated by crews of diggers using hand tools, sieves, and jigs. CAR’s reported annual production has ranged from 300,000 to 470,000 carats over the past decade. This production is significant for CAR because it accounts for a large portion of the country’s export income and employs an estimated 60,000 to 90,000 miners nationally. Diamond production has also been linked to the violent conflict and political instability which have plagued the country for decades. The most recent conflict began in 2012 and resulted in an international embargo on the export of rough diamonds from CAR. This embargo was followed by a ceasefire and a return of peace in certain zones of the country in 2015; however, political and economic instability continues to afflict many areas of the country. International efforts to restore peace in CAR have included United Nations support as well as international technical assistance in tracking, assessing, and monitoring diamond production. In 2015, the Kimberley Process (KP) developed an operational framework allowing for legitimate exports from five subprefectures in CAR that were deemed to be compliant with KP internal controls and which were also considered to be free from systematic violence or control of armed groups.
The goal of this study was to address information gaps regarding the location and extent of diamond occurrences and mining activity through the integration of geologic research with remote sensing, geographic information systems analysis, and fieldwork. Effective and efficient monitoring of diamond mining activity using satellite imagery requires detailed understanding of the geographic distribution of diamond sources and mining activities.
A two-phase methodology was developed to address the knowledge gaps. The first phase consisted of the creation of a comprehensive geospatial catalogue of diamond mining and occurrence locations from archival records such as historical maps, mining reports, academic publications, and field data. Building upon this locational database, the second phase consisted of the creation of a geospatial dataset cataloguing current mining activity locations through manual interpretation of recently acquired satellite imagery. The accuracy of this second geospatial dataset was then assessed using field observations made between 2016 and 2017 by the U.S. Agency for International Development’s Property Rights and Artisanal Diamond Development II project. This report presents a two-part geodatabase: part 1 contains the locations of diamond mine sites and occurrences from archival sources, and part 2 indicates areas of current or recent mining activity. This geodatabase is unique in its temporal and spatial extent and may be used to analyze the geographic distribution of CAR’s known diamond resources, to assess the effect of recent violent conflicts and KP actions on diamond produc-tion, to provide decision makers with information regarding small-scale diamond mining, and to improve the monitoring of mining in regions of the country prone to conflict.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181088","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Agency for International Development under the auspices of the U.S. Department of State","usgsCitation":"DeWitt, J.D., Chirico, P.G., Bergstresser, S.E., and Clark, I.E., 2018, The Central African Republic Diamond Database—A geodatabase of archival diamond occurrences and areas of recent artisanal and small-scale diamond mining: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1088, 28 p., 1 pl., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181088.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 28 p.; Plate: 40.0 x 27.0 inches; Databases; Metadata","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-087222","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357657,"rank":5,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1088/ofr20181088_metadata-for-all-gisfiles.zip","size":"2.60 GB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":"- Text formatted metadata for all data release files"},{"id":357991,"rank":6,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1088/ofr20181088_hydrologically-corrected-dem.tif.zip","size":"1.31 GB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":"- Data release of hydrologically corrected digital elevation model (DEM) and hillshade model"},{"id":357272,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1088/ofr20181088_plate.pdf","text":"Surficial and Bedrock Geology, Placer Diamond Deposits, and Mineral Occurrences of the Central African Republic","size":"62.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":357270,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1088/coverthb1.jpg"},{"id":357271,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1088/ofr20181088.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.44 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1088"},{"id":357656,"rank":4,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1088/ofr20181088_map-database.zip","size":"17.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"Data Files","linkHelpText":"- Data release of mapped vector data (mining locations, rivers, geology, and geomorphology)"}],"country":"Central African Republic","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[15.27946,7.42192],[16.10623,7.49709],[16.29056,7.75431],[16.45618,7.73477],[16.70599,7.50833],[17.96493,7.89091],[18.38955,8.2813],[18.91102,8.63089],[18.81201,8.98291],[19.09401,9.07485],[20.05969,9.01271],[21.00087,9.47599],[21.72382,10.56706],[22.23113,10.97189],[22.86417,11.1424],[22.97754,10.71446],[23.5543,10.08926],[23.55725,9.68122],[23.39478,9.26507],[23.45901,8.95429],[23.80581,8.66632],[24.56737,8.22919],[25.11493,7.8251],[25.12413,7.50009],[25.79665,6.97932],[26.21342,6.5466],[26.46591,5.94672],[27.21341,5.55095],[27.37423,5.23394],[27.04407,5.12785],[26.40276,5.15087],[25.65046,5.25609],[25.2788,5.17041],[25.12883,4.92724],[24.80503,4.89725],[24.41053,5.10878],[23.29721,4.60969],[22.84148,4.71013],[22.70412,4.63305],[22.40512,4.02916],[21.65912,4.22434],[20.92759,4.32279],[20.29068,4.69168],[19.46778,5.03153],[18.93231,4.70951],[18.54298,4.20179],[18.45307,3.50439],[17.8099,3.5602],[17.13304,3.7282],[16.53706,3.19825],[16.01285,2.26764],[15.90738,2.55739],[15.86273,3.01354],[15.4054,3.3353],[15.03622,3.85137],[14.95095,4.21039],[14.47837,4.73261],[14.55894,5.0306],[14.45941,5.45176],[14.53656,6.22696],[14.77655,6.4085],[15.27946,7.42192]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Central African Republic\"}}]}","contact":"Director, Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
National Center, MS 926A
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
The Fall Line (formally \"Tidewater Fall Line\") separates the more resistant igneous, metamorphic, and consolidated sedimentary rocks of the Piedmont from the typically unconsolidated deposits of the Coastal Plain of Virginia. Widespread but now discontinuous patches of a deeply weathered sand and gravel are found west of the Fall Line, capping the highest hilltops. Near the community of Midlothian, Virginia, the gravels are underlain by fine-grained marine silts that bear an informative assemblage of fossil dinoflagellate cysts (dinocysts). In situ dinocysts belong to middleMiocene zone DN7, which is calibrated to ~12-13 Ma. These deposits are assigned to the upper part of the Choptank Formation, which crops out ~ 25 km(15 mi) to the east at an elevation ~ 60m(200 ft) lower. The dinocyst assemblage suggests that the maximum extent of this Choptank transgression probably covered a significant expanse of the Virginia Piedmont. The Choptank marine silts constrain the age of the unconformably overlying Midlothian gravels to younger than the latter part of the middle Miocene. Previous work has indicated that these gravels also are older than the Pliocene Yorktown Formation. Rare, reworked dinocysts in these Choptank outcrops west of the Fall Line are sourced from older deposits of more than one age. The source could be older updip strata of the lower Eocene Nanjemoy Formation, now erosionally removed. Alternatively, the source could be material referable to the upper Eocene Exmore Formation that resulted from the Chesapeake Bay impact event.
","language":"English","publisher":"Micropaleontology Press","usgsCitation":"Edwards, L.E., Weems, R.E., Carter, M.W., Spears, D., and Powars, D.S., 2018, The significance of dinoflagellates in the Miocene Choptank Formation beneath the Midlothian gravels in the southeastern Virginia Piedmont: Stratigraphy, v. 15, no. 3, p. 179-195.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"179","endPage":"195","ipdsId":"IP-094928","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358206,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":381744,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.micropress.org/microaccess/stratigraphy/issue-342/article-2076"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Miocene Choptank Formation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -75,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -75,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -79,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -79,\n 36.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f76e4b0fc368eb53833","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weems, Robert E. 0000-0002-1907-7804 rweems@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1907-7804","contributorId":2663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weems","given":"Robert","email":"rweems@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carter, Mark W. 0000-0003-0460-7638 mcarter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0460-7638","contributorId":4808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Mark","email":"mcarter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Spears, David 0000-0001-8599-3125","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8599-3125","contributorId":139189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spears","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12690,"text":"Virginia Department of Mines, Minerals, and Energy, Charlottesville, VA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Powars, David S. 0000-0002-6787-8964 dspowars@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6787-8964","contributorId":1181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powars","given":"David","email":"dspowars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70201170,"text":"70201170 - 2018 - An underwater observation dataset for fish classification and fishery assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-04T10:34:30","indexId":"70201170","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-09T10:34:23","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3907,"text":"Scientific Data","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An underwater observation dataset for fish classification and fishery assessment","docAbstract":"Using Dual-Frequency Identification Sonar (DIDSON), fishery acoustic observation data was collected from the Ocqueoc River, a tributary of Lake Huron in northern Michigan, USA. Data were collected March through July 2013 and 2016 and included the identification, via technology or expert analysis, of eight fish species as they passed through the DIDSON’s field of view. A set of short DIDSON clips containing identified fish was curated. Additionally, two other datasets were created that include visualizations of the acoustic data and longer DIDSON clips. These datasets could complement future research characterizing the abundance and behavior of valued fishes such as walleye (Sander vitreus) or white sucker (Catostomus commersonii) or invasive fishes such as sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) or European carp (Cyprinus carpio). Given the abundance of DIDSON data and the fact that a portion of it is labeled, these data could aid in the creation of machine learning tools from DIDSON data, particularly for invasive sea lamprey which are amply represented and a destructive invader of the Laurentian Great Lakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/sdata.2018.190","usgsCitation":"McCann, E.L., Li, L., Pangle, K., Johnson, N., and Eickholt, J., 2018, An underwater observation dataset for fish classification and fishery assessment: Scientific Data, v. 5, p. 1-8, https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.190.","productDescription":"Article number: 180190; 8 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"8","ipdsId":"IP-098788","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468330,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.190","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":359920,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-10-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c07a064e4b0815414cee783","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCann, Erin L.","contributorId":195636,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCann","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Li, Liling","contributorId":205580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Liling","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13588,"text":"Central Michigan University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":753031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pangle, Kevin","contributorId":195637,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pangle","given":"Kevin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Nicholas S. 0000-0002-7419-6013 njohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7419-6013","contributorId":150983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Nicholas S.","email":"njohnson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":753029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Eickholt, Jesse","contributorId":205582,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eickholt","given":"Jesse","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13588,"text":"Central Michigan University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":753033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70199956,"text":"70199956 - 2018 - Hydrodynamics of a tidally‐forced coral reef atoll","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-05T14:13:42","indexId":"70199956","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-09T10:33:54","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2315,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrodynamics of a tidally‐forced coral reef atoll","docAbstract":"The hydrodynamics of a tidally forced semi‐enclosed coral reef atoll (North Scott) at the edge of the continental shelf of northwestern Australia were investigated by combining field observations and numerical modeling. The observations revealed that the spring tidal range outside the atoll reaches 4 m, and as the water level drops below mean sea level, the reef rim surrounding the shallow (~10–15 m) lagoon becomes exposed. During this time, the lagoon can only exchange with the open ocean through two narrow channels, resulting in highly asymmetric water levels and velocities that were most pronounced during spring tide. On average, the ebb tide duration was ~2 hr longer than the flood, with rapid flood velocities in the channel reaching 2 m/s. We applied an unstructured grid model Delft3D‐Flexible Mesh to simulate the atoll hydrodynamics and were able to replicate the asymmetric water levels and complex velocities in the lagoon. The results revealed that at higher tidal stages, a dominant momentum balance exists between the pressure gradient (established by the propagation of the tide on the shelf) and the local flow acceleration of water throughout the interior of the atoll. At lower tidal stages, which coincided with a reversal of the offshore tidal pressure gradient, the lagoon became isolated from offshore dynamics and all momentum terms were negligible. This resulted in a tidally averaged residual westward flow within the lagoon that drove an asymmetric flushing pattern within the atoll, which we propose would be a common flushing mechanism within other tide‐dominated atolls worldwide.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2018JC013946","usgsCitation":"Green, R.H., Lowe, R.J., and Buckley, M.L., 2018, Hydrodynamics of a tidally‐forced coral reef atoll: Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, v. 123, no. 10, p. 7084-7101, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JC013946.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"7084","endPage":"7101","ipdsId":"IP-095615","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468331,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jc013946","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":358199,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 122,\n -14.05\n ],\n [\n 121.8,\n -14.05\n ],\n [\n 121.8,\n -13.9\n ],\n [\n 122,\n -13.9\n ],\n [\n 122,\n -14.05\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"123","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-10-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f77e4b0fc368eb53839","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Green, Rebecca H.","contributorId":208503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Green","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":24588,"text":"The University of Western Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lowe, Ryan J.","contributorId":152265,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lowe","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buckley, Mark L. 0000-0002-1909-4831","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1909-4831","contributorId":203481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckley","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70199954,"text":"70199954 - 2018 - Improving earthquake rupture forecasts using California as a guide","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T09:01:53","indexId":"70199954","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-09T10:18:39","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improving earthquake rupture forecasts using California as a guide","docAbstract":"This article discusses ways in which earthquake rupture forecast models might be improved. Because changes are most easily described in the context of specific models, the third Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast (UCERF3) and its presumed successor, UCERF4, is used as a basis for discussion. Virtually all of the issues and possible improvements discussed are nevertheless general and should therefore be applicable to other regions as well. Two common themes are a need for better epistemic uncertainty representation and the potential utility of physics‐based simulators. Given the large number of possible improvements, coupled with challenges in defining the potential value of each, which will vary among uses, community feedback is invaluable in terms of setting priorities. We should also strive to define more objective valuation metrics.
","language":"English","publisher":"SSA","doi":"10.1785/0220180151","usgsCitation":"Field, E., and Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities, 2018, Improving earthquake rupture forecasts using California as a guide: Seismological Research Letters, v. 89, no. 6, p. 2337-2346, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220180151.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2337","endPage":"2346","ipdsId":"IP-101307","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358197,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-10-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f77e4b0fc368eb5383b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Field, Edward H. 0000-0001-8172-7882 field@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8172-7882","contributorId":1165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"Edward H.","email":"field@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":747466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities","contributorId":128141,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities","id":747523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70199996,"text":"70199996 - 2018 - Downhole log evidence for the coexistence of structure II gas hydrate and free gas below the bottom simulating reflector in the South China Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T10:06:27","indexId":"70199996","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-09T10:03:02","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Downhole log evidence for the coexistence of structure II gas hydrate and free gas below the bottom simulating reflector in the South China Sea","docAbstract":"Stratigraphic layered pore-filling gas hydrates are identified above the bottom simulating reflector (BSR) using the well log and core data acquired at Sites W11 and W17 during the third gas hydrate drilling expedition conducted by China's Geological Survey/Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey (GMGS3) in the South China Sea. A seismic profile near Site W17, reveal the presence of two BSRs (i.e., double BSR), which we show to relate to zones of structure I gas hydrate (I-BSR) and structure II gas hydrate (II-BSR). Well log data from Site W17 between the “I-BSR” (projected depth of 250 mbsf) and “II-BSR” (projected depth of 330 mbsf) showed anomalous responses for gas hydrate-bearing sediments with high resistivity, high S-wave velocity, and alternating high and low P-wave velocities. Pressure core data support the interpretation that structure II gas hydrate occurs at a depth of 263 mbsf at Site W17. The cross-plot between log-derived neutron and density porosities reveals a free gas-bearing layer at a depth of 258–270 mbsf, suggesting gas hydrate coexists with free gas between the “I-BSR” and the “II-BSR.” Synthetic seismograms generated from the P-wave velocity and density logs further support the presence of free gas in this section. Based on the coexistence of hydrate, free gas and water, the simplified three-phase equation (STPE) was modified to simultaneously estimate free gas and hydrate saturations beneath the “I-BSR” from P-wave and S-wave velocity logs, assuming uniform or patchy distributions of free gas. The estimated free gas and hydrate saturations, together with gas compositions from pressure core samples, collectively indicate that structure II gas hydrate and free gas are interbedded and coexist below the “I-BSR” at Site W17. Our study of the coexistence of gas hydrate and free gas between the double BSR at Site W17 provides new insights into gas hydrate systems in nature that contain more complex gas chemistries.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.09.024","usgsCitation":"Qian, J., Wang, X., Collett, T.S., Guo, Y., Kang, D., and Jin, J., 2018, Downhole log evidence for the coexistence of structure II gas hydrate and free gas below the bottom simulating reflector in the South China Sea: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 98, p. 662-674, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.09.024.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"662","endPage":"674","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358236,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"South China Sea","volume":"98","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f78e4b0fc368eb5383f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Qian, Jin","contributorId":208554,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Qian","given":"Jin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, Xiujuan","contributorId":87071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Xiujuan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guo, Yiqun","contributorId":195860,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guo","given":"Yiqun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kang, Dongju","contributorId":208555,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kang","given":"Dongju","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jin, Jiapeng","contributorId":208556,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jin","given":"Jiapeng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70226708,"text":"70226708 - 2018 - Igneous and detrital zircon U-Pb and Lu-Hf geochronology of the late Meso- to Neoproterozoic northwest Botswana rift: Maximum depositional age and provenance of the Ghanzi Group, Kalahari Copperbelt, Botswana and Namibia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-07T12:17:51.532126","indexId":"70226708","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-06T06:09:53","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3112,"text":"Precambrian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Igneous and detrital zircon U-Pb and Lu-Hf geochronology of the late Meso- to Neoproterozoic northwest Botswana rift: Maximum depositional age and provenance of the Ghanzi Group, Kalahari Copperbelt, Botswana and Namibia","docAbstract":"New igneous and detrital zircon laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) U-Pb geochronology and Lu-Hf isotopic data are presented for the Mesoproterozoic Kgwebe Formation and the unconformably overlying Ghanzi Group in northwestern Botswana. The Makgabana Hills porphyritic rhyolite flow from the Ghanzi area yielded a U-Pb concordia age of 1085.5 ± 4.5 Ma and provides a new maximum depositional age for the unconformably overlying Ghanzi Group. Detrital zircon (n = 448) from the Ghanzi Group yielded a 207Pb/206Pb age distribution with a dominant (70 to 90%) Mesoproterozoic population (∼1450 to ∼1050 Ma), a smaller (5 to 20%) Paleoproterozoic (∼2200 to ∼1700 Ma) population, and a few (n = 4) older (∼3000 Ma to ∼2450 Ma) grains. A maximum depositional age constraint of ∼1060 to ∼1050 Ma was obtained for middle and upper Ghanzi Group based on the weighted-mean 207Pb/206Pb age of the youngest clusters of overlapping zircon ages for each sample.
Initial hafnium ratios (εHfi) and corresponding crustal residence model ages (TCDM) for the Paleoproterozoic zircon populations indicate either fractionation from a chondritic uniform reservoir (CHUR) or mixing between juvenile mantle and older crustal components. Mesoproterozoic zircon with εHfi values between −20 and +15 and TCDM model ages between 3000 and 1200 Ma suggest that the source terrane(s) contained magmatic rocks including both juvenile material and substantially reworked Paleoproterozoic and possibly Archean crust.
Comparison with a compilation of published U-Pb, Lu-Hf, and Sm-Nd data from the Kalahari Craton suggests that the predominant Mesoproterozoic zircon population was derived from the Namaqua Sector, Rehoboth Basement Inlier, Kwando Complex, and Choma-Kalomo Block; some zircon may have had distal sources in adjacent Rodinia landmasses. Both Archean cratonic components and juvenile ∼1200 to ∼1000 Ma magmatic rocks of the Natal Sector and the Maud and Mozambique belts on the eastern margin of the craton are unlikely sources for the detrital zircon based on isotopic composition. Sediment transported from the western margin of the Kalahari Craton entered the northwest Botswana rift and mixed with sediments from the Rehoboth Basement Inlier and Paleo- to Mesoproterozoic terranes that bound the northwest Botswana rift.
Insufficient food during early life could limit the population growth of endangered Pallid Sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus in the lower Missouri River. Shallow‐water habitat restoration is intended to provide nursery benefits, including food, for young sturgeon, but the effect of shallow‐water habitat on their diet is unknown. Age‐0 Pallid Sturgeon are rare, providing little opportunity for direct evaluation; however, studying the closely related and abundant Shovelnose Sturgeon S. platorynchus may provide valuable information to guide habitat restoration efforts. We compared diet, body condition (lipid content), and change in body weight (24‐h bioenergetics simulation) for postdrift, age‐0 sturgeon among five reaches ranging widely in shallow‐water habitat availability. Lipid content of satiated and emaciated laboratory‐reared individuals were compared with that of wild‐caught fish. In general, shallow‐water habitat availability appeared to have little effect on the variables examined. Regardless of reach, wild‐caught fish primarily consumed chironomids, and empty stomachs were rare. Additionally, differences in prey weight, lipid content, or the modeled change in body weight did not usually correspond to differences in shallow‐water habitat availability. Instead, we found annual differences, as prey weight consumed and the percentage of fish with modeled weight gain was often higher in 2015 than 2014, while the opposite was true for the percentage of fish with lipid content values that were comparable with the emaciated laboratory standard. Overall, our findings complement recent suggestions that shallow‐water habitat restoration efforts, as previously implemented, may not benefit sturgeon populations. Our results coupled with previous research suggest that the lower Missouri River prey base can support a stable Shovelnose Sturgeon population; however, additional research is needed to determine whether this applies to Pallid Sturgeon.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/nafm.10236","usgsCitation":"Civiello, A.P., Gosch, N., Gemeinhardt, T., Miller, M., Bonneau, J., Chojnacki, K., Delonay, A.J., and Long, J.M., 2018, Diet and condition of age‐0 Scaphirhynchus Sturgeon: Implications for shallow‐water habitat restoration: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 38, no. 6, p. 1324-1338, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10236.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1324","endPage":"1338","ipdsId":"IP-090944","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468332,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10236","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379943,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Missouri River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.658203125,\n 38.151837403006766\n ],\n [\n -90.3076171875,\n 38.151837403006766\n ],\n [\n -90.3076171875,\n 39.57182223734374\n ],\n [\n -94.658203125,\n 39.57182223734374\n ],\n [\n -94.658203125,\n 38.151837403006766\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-10-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Civiello, A. P.","contributorId":171493,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Civiello","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":803389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gosch, N. J. C.","contributorId":244139,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gosch","given":"N. J. C.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gemeinhardt, T. R.","contributorId":171492,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gemeinhardt","given":"T. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":803391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, M. L.","contributorId":244140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"M. L.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bonneau, J. L.","contributorId":171494,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bonneau","given":"J. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":803393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chojnacki, Kimberly 0000-0001-6091-3977 kchojnacki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6091-3977","contributorId":221080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chojnacki","given":"Kimberly","email":"kchojnacki@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"DeLonay, Aaron J. 0000-0002-3752-2799 adelonay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3752-2799","contributorId":2725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeLonay","given":"Aaron","email":"adelonay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Long, James M. 0000-0002-8658-9949 jmlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8658-9949","contributorId":3453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"James","email":"jmlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70200354,"text":"70200354 - 2018 - Mount St. Helens retrospective: Lessons learned since 1980 and remaining challenges","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-15T15:05:06","indexId":"70200354","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-05T15:05:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5232,"text":"Frontiers in Earth Science","onlineIssn":"2296-6463","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mount St. Helens retrospective: Lessons learned since 1980 and remaining challenges","docAbstract":"Since awakening from a 123-year repose in 1980, Mount St. Helens has provided an opportunity to study changes in crustal magma storage at an active arc volcano—a process of fundamental importance to eruption forecasting and hazards mitigation. There has been considerable progress, but important questions remain unanswered. Was the 1980 eruption triggered by an injection of magma into an upper crustal reservoir? If so, when? How did magma rise into the edifice without producing detectable seismicity deeper than ∼2.5 km or measurable surface deformation beyond the volcano’s north flank? Would precursory activity have been recognized earlier if current monitoring techniques had been available? Despite substantial improvements in monitoring capability, similar questions remain after the dome-forming eruption of 2004–2008. Did additional magma accumulate in the reservoir between the end of the 1980–1986 eruption and the start of the 2004–2008 eruption? If so, when? What is the significance of a relative lull in seismicity and surface deformation for several years prior to the 2004–2008 eruption onset? How did magma reach the surface without producing seismicity deeper than ∼2 km or measurable deformation more than a few hundred meters from the vent? Has the reservoir been replenished since the eruption ended, and is it now primed for the next eruption? What additional precursors, if any, should be expected? This paper addresses these questions, explores possible answers, and identifies unresolved issues in need of additional study. The 1980–1986 and 2004–2008 eruptions could have resulted from second boiling during crystallization of magma long-resident in an upper crustal reservoir, rather than from injection of fresh magma from below. If reservoir pressurization and magma ascent were slow enough, resulting strain might have been accommodated by viscoelastic deformation, without appreciable seismicity or surface deformation, until rising magma entered a brittle regime within 2–2.5 km of the surface. Given the remarkably gas-poor nature of the 2004–2008 dome lava, future eruptive activity might require a relatively long period of quiescence and reservoir pressurization or a large injection of fresh magma—an event that arguably has not occurred since the Kalama eruptive period (C.E. 1479–1720).
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers","doi":"10.3389/feart.2018.00142","usgsCitation":"Dzurisin, D., 2018, Mount St. Helens retrospective: Lessons learned since 1980 and remaining challenges: Frontiers in Earth Science, v. 6, p. 1-24, https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2018.00142.","productDescription":"Article 142; 24 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"24","ipdsId":"IP-098640","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460833,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2018.00142","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":358384,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount St. Helens","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.35,\n 46.0833\n ],\n [\n -122,\n 46.0833\n ],\n [\n -122,\n 46.3\n ],\n [\n -122.35,\n 46.3\n ],\n [\n -122.35,\n 46.0833\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-10-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a92fe4b034bf6a7e5055","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dzurisin, Daniel 0000-0002-0138-5067 dzurisin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0138-5067","contributorId":538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dzurisin","given":"Daniel","email":"dzurisin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":748479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70199951,"text":"70199951 - 2018 - Thiamine deficiency in fishes: Causes, consequences, and potential solutions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T09:08:20","indexId":"70199951","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-05T14:47:59","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3278,"text":"Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thiamine deficiency in fishes: Causes, consequences, and potential solutions","docAbstract":"Thiamine deficiency complex (TDC) is a disorder resulting from the inability to acquire or retain thiamine (vitamin B1) and has been documented in organisms in aquatic ecosystems ranging from the Baltic Sea to the Laurentian Great Lakes. The biological mechanisms leading to TDC emergence may vary among systems, but in fishes, one common outcome is high mortality among early life stages. Here, we review the causes and consequences of thiamine deficiency in fishes and identify potential solutions. First, we examine the biochemical and physiological roles of thiamine in vertebrates and find that thiamine deficiency consistently results in impaired neurological function across diverse taxa. Next, we review natural producers of thiamine, which include bacteria, fungi, and plants, and suggest that thiamine is not currently limiting for most animal species inhabiting natural aquatic environments. A survey of historic occurrences of thiamine deficiency identifies consumption of a thiamine-degrading enzyme, thiaminase, as the primary explanation for low levels of thiamine in individuals and subsequent onset of TDC. Lastly, we review conservation and management strategies for TDC mitigation ranging from evolutionary rescue to managing for a diverse forage base. As recent evidence suggests occurrences of thiamine deficiency may be increasing in frequency, increased awareness and a better mechanistic understanding of the underlying causes associated with thiamine deficiency may help prevent further population declines.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11160-018-9538-x","usgsCitation":"Harder, A.M., Ardren, W.R., Evans, A.N., Futia, M.H., Kraft, C.E., Marsden, J., Richter, C.A., Rinchard, J., Tillitt, D.E., and Christie, M.R., 2018, Thiamine deficiency in fishes: Causes, consequences, and potential solutions: Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, v. 28, no. 4, p. 865-886, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-018-9538-x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"865","endPage":"886","ipdsId":"IP-096509","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358191,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f78e4b0fc368eb53841","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Christie, Mark R.","contributorId":191035,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christie","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747459,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":10}],"authors":[{"text":"Harder, Avril M.","contributorId":208496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harder","given":"Avril","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37808,"text":"Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, 915 W. State St., West Lafayette, Indiana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ardren, William R.","contributorId":184180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ardren","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evans, Allison N.","contributorId":208497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"Allison","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":37809,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, 2820 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Futia, Matthew H.","contributorId":208498,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Futia","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37810,"text":"Department of Environmental Science and Ecology, The College at Brockport – State University of New York, 350 New Campus Drive, Brockport, New York","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kraft, Clifford E.","contributorId":208499,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kraft","given":"Clifford","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37811,"text":"Department of Natural Resources, Fernow Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Marsden, J. Ellen","contributorId":190724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marsden","given":"J. Ellen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Richter, Catherine A. 0000-0001-7322-4206 crichter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7322-4206","contributorId":138994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richter","given":"Catherine","email":"crichter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rinchard, Jacques","contributorId":208500,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rinchard","given":"Jacques","affiliations":[{"id":37810,"text":"Department of Environmental Science and Ecology, The College at Brockport – State University of New York, 350 New Campus Drive, Brockport, New York","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Tillitt, Donald E. 0000-0002-8278-3955 dtillitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8278-3955","contributorId":1875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"Donald","email":"dtillitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Christie, Mark R.","contributorId":191035,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christie","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ]}