{"pageNumber":"793","pageRowStart":"19800","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40754,"records":[{"id":98909,"text":"sir20105240 - 2010 - Channel-conveyance capacity, channel change, and sediment transport in the lower Puyallup, White, and Carbon Rivers, western Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:13","indexId":"sir20105240","displayToPublicDate":"2010-12-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5240","title":"Channel-conveyance capacity, channel change, and sediment transport in the lower Puyallup, White, and Carbon Rivers, western Washington","docAbstract":"Draining the volcanic, glaciated terrain of Mount Rainier, Washington, the Puyallup, White, and Carbon Rivers convey copious volumes of water and sediment down to Commencement Bay in Puget Sound. Recent flooding in the lowland river system has renewed interest in understanding sediment transport and its effects on flow conveyance throughout the lower drainage basin. Bathymetric and topographic data for 156 cross sections were surveyed in the lower Puyallup River system by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and were compared with similar datasets collected in 1984. Regions of significant aggradation were measured along the Puyallup and White Rivers. Between 1984 and 2009, aggradation totals as measured by changes in average channel elevation were as much as 7.5, 6.5, and 2 feet on the Puyallup, White, and Carbon Rivers, respectively. These aggrading river sections correlated with decreasing slopes in riverbeds where the rivers exit relatively confined sections in the upper drainage and enter the relatively unconstricted valleys of the low-gradient Puget Lowland. Measured grain-size distributions from each riverbed showed a progressive fining downstream.\r\n\r\nAnalysis of stage-discharge relations at streamflow-gaging stations along rivers draining Mount Rainier demonstrated the dynamic nature of channel morphology on river courses influenced by glaciated, volcanic terrain. The greatest rates of aggradation since the 1980s were in the Nisqually River near National (5.0 inches per year) and the White River near Auburn (1.8 inches per year). Less pronounced aggradation was measured on the Puyallup River and the White River just downstream of Mud Mountain Dam. The largest measured rate of incision was measured in the Cowlitz River at Packwood (5.0 inches per year).\r\n\r\nChannel-conveyance capacity estimated using a one-dimensional hydraulic model decreased in some river reaches since 1984. The reach exhibiting the largest decrease (about 20-50 percent) in channel-conveyance capacity was the White River between R Street Bridge and the Lake Tapps return, a reach affected by recent flooding. Conveyance capacity also decreased in sections of the Puyallup River. Conveyance capacity was mostly unchanged along other study reaches. Bedload transport was simulated throughout the entire river network and consistent with other observations and analyses, the hydraulic model showed that the upper Puyallup and White Rivers tended to accumulate sediment. Accuracy of the bedload-transport modeling, however, was limited due to a scarcity of sediment-transport data sets from the Puyallup system, mantling of sand over cobbles in the lower Puyallup and White Rivers, and overall uncertainty in modeling sediment transport in gravel-bedded rivers. Consequently, the output results from the model were treated as more qualitative in value, useful in comparing geomorphic trends within different river reaches, but not accurate in producing precise predictions of mass of sediment moved or deposited.\r\n\r\nThe hydraulic model and the bedload-transport component were useful for analyzing proposed river-management options, if surveyed cross sections adequately represented the river-management site and proposed management options. The hydraulic model showed that setback levees would provide greater flood protection than gravel-bar scalping after the initial project construction and for some time thereafter, although the model was not accurate enough to quantify the length of time of the flood protection.  The greatest hydraulic benefit from setback levees would be a substantial increase in the effective channel-conveyance area. By widening the distance between levees, the new floodplain would accommodate larger increases in discharge with relatively small incremental increases in stage. Model simulation results indicate that the hydraulic benefit from a setback levee also would be long-lived and would effectively compensate for increased deposition within the setback reach","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105240","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Pierce County Public Works and Utilities, Surface Water Managment","usgsCitation":"Czuba, J., Czuba, C.R., Magirl, C.S., and Voss, F.D., 2010, Channel-conveyance capacity, channel change, and sediment transport in the lower Puyallup, White, and Carbon Rivers, western Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5240, xii, 85 p.; Appendices; Data Files: 2009 Bed Material Grain Size Distributions; 2009 USGS Cross Sections; 2010 USGS Additional Sumner Cross Sections, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105240.","productDescription":"xii, 85 p.; Appendices; Data Files: 2009 Bed Material Grain Size Distributions; 2009 USGS Cross Sections; 2010 USGS Additional Sumner Cross Sections","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126142,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5240.bmp"},{"id":14328,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5240/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.5,46.666666666666664 ], [ -122.5,47.333333333333336 ], [ -121.33333333333333,47.333333333333336 ], [ -121.33333333333333,46.666666666666664 ], [ -122.5,46.666666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e4e4b07f02db5e629a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Czuba, Jonathan A.","contributorId":19917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Czuba","given":"Jonathan A.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":306915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Czuba, Christiana R. cczuba@usgs.gov","contributorId":4555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Czuba","given":"Christiana","email":"cczuba@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":306914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Magirl, Chistopher S.","contributorId":92213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magirl","given":"Chistopher","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Voss, Frank D. fdvoss@usgs.gov","contributorId":1651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Frank","email":"fdvoss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70003731,"text":"70003731 - 2010 - The effects of raking on sugar pine mortality following prescribed fire in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-15T15:04:25.880484","indexId":"70003731","displayToPublicDate":"2010-12-01T13:32:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1636,"text":"Fire Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effects of raking on sugar pine mortality following prescribed fire in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, California, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Prescribed fire is an important tool for fuel reduction, the control of competing vegetation, and forest restoration. The accumulated fuels associated with historical fire exclusion can cause undesirably high tree mortality rates following prescribed fires and wildfires. This is especially true for sugar pine (</span><i>Pinus lambertiana</i><span>&nbsp;Douglas), which is already negatively affected by the introduced pathogen white pine blister rust (</span><i>Cronartium ribicola</i><span>&nbsp;J.C. Fisch. ex Rabenh). We tested the efficacy of raking away fuels around the base of sugar pine to reduce mortality following prescribed fire in Sequoia and Kings Canyon national parks, California, USA. This study was conducted in three prescribed fires and included 457 trees, half of which had the fuels around their bases raked away to mineral soil to 0.5 m away from the stem. Fire effects were assessed and tree mortality was recorded for three years after prescribed fires. Overall, raking had no detectable effect on mortality: raked trees averaged 30% mortality compared to 36% for unraked trees. There was a significant effect, however, between the interaction of raking and average pre-treatment forest floor fuel depth: the predicted probability of survival of a 50 cm dbh tree was 0.94 vs. 0.96 when average pre-treatment fuel depth was 0 cm for a raked and unraked tree, respectively. When average pre-treatment forest floor fuel depth was 30 cm, the predicted probability of survival for a raked 50 cm dbh tree was 0.60 compared to only 0.07 for an unraked tree. Raking did not affect mortality when fire intensity, measured as percent crown volume scorched, was very low (0% scorch) or very high (&gt;80% scorch), but the raking treatment significantly increased the proportion of trees that survived by 9.6% for trees that burned under moderate fire intensity (1% to 80% scorch). Raking significantly reduced the likelihood of bole charring and bark beetle activity three years post fire. Fuel depth and anticipated fire intensity need to be accounted for to maximize the effectiveness of the treatments. Raking is an important management option to reduce tree mortality from prescribed fire, but is most effective under specific fuel and burning conditions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Association for Fire Ecology","doi":"10.4996/fireecology.0603097","usgsCitation":"Nesmith, J.C., O’Hara, K.L., van Mantgem, P.J., and de Valpine, P., 2010, The effects of raking on sugar pine mortality following prescribed fire in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, California, USA: Fire Ecology, v. 6, no. 3, p. 97-116, https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.0603097.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"116","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475635,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.0603097","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382217,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sequoia National Park;Kings Canyon National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.6083984375,\n              37.431250501793585\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.388427734375,\n              37.046408899699564\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.91601562499999,\n              36.53612263184686\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.970947265625,\n              36.26199220445664\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.487548828125,\n              35.8356283888737\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.7734375,\n              35.23664622093195\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.8173828125,\n              35.88014896488361\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.070068359375,\n              36.4566360115962\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.311767578125,\n              37.15156050223665\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.6083984375,\n              37.431250501793585\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bab96e4b08c986b322f3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nesmith, Jonathan C. B.","contributorId":88618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nesmith","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"C. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Hara, Kevin L.","contributorId":9923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Hara","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"van Mantgem, Phillip J. 0000-0002-3068-9422 pvanmantgem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3068-9422","contributorId":2838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Mantgem","given":"Phillip","email":"pvanmantgem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"de Valpine, Perry","contributorId":58147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"de Valpine","given":"Perry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70154929,"text":"70154929 - 2010 - Summer microhabitat use by adult and young-of-year snail darters (Percina tanasi) in two rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-16T18:08:55.860634","indexId":"70154929","displayToPublicDate":"2010-12-01T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Summer microhabitat use by adult and young-of-year snail darters (<i>Percina tanasi</i>) in two rivers","title":"Summer microhabitat use by adult and young-of-year snail darters (Percina tanasi) in two rivers","docAbstract":"<p><span>We characterised microhabitat availability and use by adult and young‐of‐year (YOY) snail darters (</span><i>Percina tanasi </i><span><a id=\"#b6R\" class=\"bibLink tab-link\" href=\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2010.00442.x#b6\" data-tab=\"pane-pcw-references\" data-mce-href=\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2010.00442.x#b6\">Etnier 1976</a></span><span>) while snorkelling in the French Broad and Hiwassee rivers, TN, USA. Both age groups of snail darters disproportionately used most microhabitat variables compared to their availability. Snail darters primarily occupied moderately deep, swift water over gravel substrates with little macrophyte coverage and no silt. Univariate comparisons indicated that adult and YOY darters occupied different habitat, but there was no marked differences between principal components analysis plots of multivariate microhabitat use within a river. Although the availability of microhabitat variables differed between the French Broad and Hiwassee rivers, univariate means and multivariate plots illustrated that the habitats used were generally similar by age groups of snail darters between rivers. Because our observations of habitat availability and use were constrained to low flow periods and depths &lt;1 m, the transferability of our results to higher flow periods may be limited. However, the similarity in habitat use between rivers suggests that our results can be applied to low‐normal flow conditions in other streams.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Copenhagen","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0633.2010.00442.x","usgsCitation":"Ashton, M.J., and Layzer, J.B., 2010, Summer microhabitat use by adult and young-of-year snail darters (Percina tanasi) in two rivers: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 19, no. 4, p. 609-617, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2010.00442.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"609","endPage":"617","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-019539","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305808,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55aa2740e4b0183d66e47e9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ashton, M. J.","contributorId":24206,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ashton","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Layzer, James B. jim_layzer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Layzer","given":"James","email":"jim_layzer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":564375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70123980,"text":"70123980 - 2010 - A river system to watch: documenting the effects of saltcedar (<i>Tamarix</i> spp.) biocontrol in the Virgin River valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-11T10:53:31","indexId":"70123980","displayToPublicDate":"2010-12-01T10:36:06","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1462,"text":"Ecological Restoration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A river system to watch: documenting the effects of saltcedar (<i>Tamarix</i> spp.) biocontrol in the Virgin River valley","docAbstract":"<p>Throughout riparian areas of the southwestern United States, non-native saltcedar (also known as tamarisk; <i>Tamarix</i> spp.) can form dense, monotypic stands and is often reported to have detrimental effects on native plants and habitat quality (Everitt 1980; Shafroth et al. 2005). Natural resource managers of these riparian areas spend considerable time and resources controlling saltcedar using a variety of techniques, including chemical (Duncan and McDaniel 1998), mechanical, and burning methods (Shafroth et al. 2005). Approximately one billion dollars are spent each year on river restoration projects nationally (Bernhardt et al. 2005), and a majority of these projects focus on invasive species control in the Southwest (Follstad Shah et al. 2007).</p>\n<br/>\n<p>A technique that has drawn much attention is the use of the saltcedar leaf beetle (<i>Diorhabda</i> spp.), a specialist herbivore, as biological control of saltcedar (Lewis et al. 2003). Research testing was conducted with beetles housed in secure enclosures in six states in 1998 and 1999 (Dudley et al. 2001), followed by open release at some of those sites starting in 2001 (DeLoach et al. 2004). By 2005, full-scale saltcedar biocontrol was implemented in 13 states, led by the USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), the agency that oversees biological control programs, and with the participation and support of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). Despite the widespread application of <i>Diorhabda</i>, however, only limited research has quantified the consequences (benefits and costs) on biotic communities and ecosystem services. Alterations to riparian areas caused by various non-native species control activities have the potential to affect a variety of habitat types used by wildlife (Bateman et al. 2008a); processes like water availability, fluvial deposition, and erosion; and the establishment of other non-native species (Carruthers and D'Antonio 2005, Shafroth et al. 2005, DeLoach et al. 2006). Similarly, biocontrol is expected to modify riparian ecosystems, and it is imperative to document and evaluate both the environmental benefits and the potential costs of this tamarisk management method.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Restoration","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Wisconsin Press","publisherLocation":"Madison, WI","doi":"10.3368/er.28.4.405","usgsCitation":"Bateman, H.L., Dudley, T.L., Bean, D., Ostoja, S.M., Hultine, K.R., and Kuehn, M.J., 2010, A river system to watch: documenting the effects of saltcedar (<i>Tamarix</i> spp.) biocontrol in the Virgin River valley: Ecological Restoration, v. 28, no. 4, p. 405-410, https://doi.org/10.3368/er.28.4.405.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"405","endPage":"410","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-022978","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293670,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293665,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3368/er.28.4.405"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Virgin River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115.151,35.9865 ], [ -115.151,37.4919 ], [ -112.4484,37.4919 ], [ -112.4484,35.9865 ], [ -115.151,35.9865 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"28","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5412b99be4b0239f1986b9fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bateman, Heather L.","contributorId":72294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bateman","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dudley, Tom L.","contributorId":59730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dudley","given":"Tom","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bean, Dan W.","contributorId":58133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bean","given":"Dan W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ostoja, Steven M. sostoja@usgs.gov","contributorId":3039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostoja","given":"Steven","email":"sostoja@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":33665,"text":"USDA California Climate Hub, UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hultine, Kevin R. 0000-0001-9747-6037","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9747-6037","contributorId":23772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hultine","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kuehn, Michael J.","contributorId":32095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuehn","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70256010,"text":"70256010 - 2010 - Coordination of space data acquisition in support of geo forest carbon tracking","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-12T15:26:01.153383","indexId":"70256010","displayToPublicDate":"2010-12-01T10:19:16","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Coordination of space data acquisition in support of geo forest carbon tracking","docAbstract":"<p>The Group on Earth Observation (GEO) required for their Forest Carbon Tracking (FCT) task the assistance of the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS) space agencies to implement coordinated data acquisition strategies from Earth Observation (EO) over key areas of interest to demonstrate the value of linking coordinated acquisition of satellite data with standardised processing methods, forest inventory and ecosystem models. Both optical and radar of midresolution have been acquired within the coordinated acquisition campaigns developed in 2009 and 2010. Homogeneous and coherent EO databases have already started by means of full key areas coverage according with suitable sensor operating modes. CEOS effort seeks now continuing with an updated strategy over expanded area coverage. </p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of ESA living planet symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"ESA Communications","usgsCitation":"Siefert, F.M., Costa, H., Rosenqvist, A., and Holm, T., 2010, Coordination of space data acquisition in support of geo forest carbon tracking, <i>in</i> Proceedings of ESA living planet symposium, 5 p.","productDescription":"5 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":431018,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Siefert, Frank M.","contributorId":340143,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Siefert","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":906367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Costa, Hugo","contributorId":340144,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Costa","given":"Hugo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":906368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosenqvist, Ake","contributorId":340145,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosenqvist","given":"Ake","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":906369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Holm, Tom","contributorId":340146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holm","given":"Tom","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":906370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70160818,"text":"70160818 - 2010 - A generalized watershed disturbance-invertebrate relation applicable in a range of environmental settings across the continental United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-31T11:33:00","indexId":"70160818","displayToPublicDate":"2010-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3669,"text":"Urban Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A generalized watershed disturbance-invertebrate relation applicable in a range of environmental settings across the continental United States","docAbstract":"<p>It is widely recognized that urbanization can affect ecological conditions in aquatic systems; numerous studies have identified impervious surface cover as an indicator of urban intensity and as an index of development at the watershed, regional, and national scale. Watershed percent imperviousness, a commonly understood urban metric was used as the basis for a generalized watershed disturbance metric that, when applied in conjunction with weighted percent agriculture and percent grassland, predicted stream biotic conditions based on Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) richness across a wide range of environmental settings. Data were collected in streams that encompassed a wide range of watershed area (4.4-1,714 km), precipitation (38-204 cm/yr), and elevation (31-2,024 m) conditions. Nevertheless the simple 3-landcover disturbance metric accounted for 58% of the variability in EPT richness based on the 261 nationwide sites. On the metropolitan area scale, relationship r ranged from 0.04 to 0.74. At disturbance values 15. Future work may incorporate watershed management practices within the disturbance metric, further increasing the management applicability of the relation. Such relations developed on a regional or metropolitan area scale are likely to be stronger than geographically generalized models; as found in these EPT richness relations. However, broad spatial models are able to provide much needed understanding in unmonitored areas and provide initial guidance for stream potential.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11252-010-0131-x","usgsCitation":"Steuer, J.J., 2010, A generalized watershed disturbance-invertebrate relation applicable in a range of environmental settings across the continental United States: Urban Ecosystems, v. 13, no. 4, p. 415-424, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-010-0131-x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"415","endPage":"424","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-016463","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313131,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":313116,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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,{"id":70179780,"text":"70179780 - 2010 - Progression of stream bank erosion dudring a large flood, Rio Puerco, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-12T10:55:34","indexId":"70179780","displayToPublicDate":"2010-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Progression of stream bank erosion dudring a large flood, Rio Puerco, New Mexico","docAbstract":"In August 2006, a large flood following saltcedar control efforts through a 12-km long segment of the Rio Puerco arroyo resulted in extensive lateral erosion of the streambanks. Almost all woody vegetation on the floodplain and channel banks had been killed by aerial spraying with herbicide in September 2003. During the flood, dead woody bank stems were either removed by the >4-m-deep flood flow or flattened against the bank, eliminating the source of drag that would have protected the banks from erosion. Owing to downstream variation in the shear stresses on the\nchannel banks and floodplain, lateral erosion of the channel banks was highly variable within the sprayed reach, but channel width increased by an average of 84%. Locations and magnitudes of channel bank erosion were documented from high-resolution imagery and a post-flood (January 2007) high-precision Global Positioning System survey.\n\nTopographic data collected during the January 2007 field survey combined with geomorphic mapping from imagery provided a means to infer the progression and relative timing of bank erosion during the flood. Observations and calculations indicate channel widening resulted from a combination of direct fluvial erosion of the lower banks and mass failures of the upper banks. Applications of physically based models of flow and sediment transport demonstrate the relative influence of local floodplain slope, arroyo topography, and orientation of the channel centerline relative to the down-valley axis on bank erosion. Differences in suspended sand concentrations computed using model-calculated “skin friction” shear stress quantify the erosion rate at a site where channel width doubled\nduring the flood.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 2nd Joint Federal Interagency Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"2nd Joint Federal Interagency Conference","conferenceDate":"June 27 – July 1, 2010","conferenceLocation":"Las Vegas, NV","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Griffin, E.R., Smith, J.D., Friedman, J.M., and Vincent, K.R., 2010, Progression of stream bank erosion dudring a large flood, Rio Puerco, New Mexico, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 2nd Joint Federal Interagency Conference, Las Vegas, NV, June 27 – July 1, 2010, 12 p.","productDescription":"12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-019850","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339609,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":333274,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://acwi.gov/sos/pubs/2ndJFIC/Contents/11D_Griffin_02_26_10.pdf"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ef3dace4b0eed1ab8e3be8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Griffin, Eleanor R. 0000-0001-6724-9853 egriffin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6724-9853","contributorId":1775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"Eleanor","email":"egriffin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, J. Dungan","contributorId":44961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Dungan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Friedman, Jonathan M. 0000-0002-1329-0663 friedmanj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1329-0663","contributorId":2473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"Jonathan","email":"friedmanj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vincent, Kirk R.","contributorId":75073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vincent","given":"Kirk","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":98901,"text":"sir20095269 - 2010 - Quality of stormwater runoff discharged from Massachusetts highways, 2005-07","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:13","indexId":"sir20095269","displayToPublicDate":"2010-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5269","title":"Quality of stormwater runoff discharged from Massachusetts highways, 2005-07","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration and the Massachusetts Department of Transportation, conducted a field study from September 2005 through September 2007 to characterize the quality of highway runoff for a wide range of constituents. The highways studied had annual average daily traffic (AADT) volumes from about 3,000 to more than 190,000 vehicles per day. Highway-monitoring stations were installed at 12 locations in Massachusetts on 8 highways. The 12 monitoring stations were subdivided into 4 primary, 4 secondary, and 4 test stations. Each site contained a 100-percent impervious drainage area that included two or more catch basins sharing a common outflow pipe. Paired primary and secondary stations were located within a few miles of each other on a limited-access section of the same highway. Most of the data were collected at the primary and secondary stations, which were located on four principal highways (Route 119, Route 2, Interstate 495, and Interstate 95). The secondary stations were operated simultaneously with the primary stations for at least a year. Data from the four test stations (Route 8, Interstate 195, Interstate 190, and Interstate 93) were used to determine the transferability of the data collected from the principal highways to other highways characterized by different construction techniques, land use, and geography.\r\n\r\nAutomatic-monitoring techniques were used to collect composite samples of highway runoff and make continuous measurements of several physical characteristics. Flowweighted samples of highway runoff were collected automatically during approximately 140 rain and mixed rain, sleet, and snowstorms. These samples were analyzed for physical characteristics and concentrations of 6 dissolved major ions, total nutrients, 8 total-recoverable metals, suspended sediment, and 85 semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs), which include priority polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), phthalate esters, and other anthropogenic or naturally occurring organic compounds. The distribution of particle size of suspended sediment also was determined for composite samples of highway runoff. Samples of highway runoff were collected year round and under various dry antecedent conditions throughout the 2-year sampling period. In addition to samples of highway runoff, supplemental samples also were collected of sediment in highway runoff, background soils, berm materials, maintenance sands, deicing compounds, and vegetation matter. These additional samples were collected near or on the highways to support data analysis.\r\n\r\nThere were few statistically significant differences between populations of constituent concentrations in samples from the primary and secondary stations on the same principal highways (Mann-Whitney test, 95-percent confidence level). Similarly, there were few statistically significant differences between populations of constituent concentrations for the four principal highways (data from the paired primary and secondary stations for each principal highway) and populations for test stations with similar AADT volumes. Exceptions to this include several total-recoverable metals for stations on Route 2 and Interstate 195 (highways with moderate AADT volumes), and for stations on Interstate 95 and Interstate 93 (highways with high AADT volumes). Supplemental data collected during this study indicate that many of these differences may be explained by the quantity, as well as the quality, of the sediment in samples of highway runoff.\r\n\r\nNonparametric statistical methods also were used to test for differences between populations of sample constituent concentrations among the four principal highways that differed mainly in traffic volume. These results indicate that there were few statistically significant differences (Mann-Whitney test, 95-percent confidence level) for populations of concentrations of most total-recoverable metals ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095269","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the\r\nU.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration and the Massachusetts Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Smith, K.P., and Granato, G., 2010, Quality of stormwater runoff discharged from Massachusetts highways, 2005-07: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5269, xiv, 198 p.; CD-ROM; Download of Compact Disc Menu, Download of Compact Disc Content, Download of Compact Disc Image, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095269.","productDescription":"xiv, 198 p.; CD-ROM; Download of Compact Disc Menu, Download of Compact Disc Content, Download of Compact Disc Image","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2005-09-01","temporalEnd":"2007-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126132,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5269.jpg"},{"id":14319,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5269/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"250000","projection":"Massachussetts Stateplane Projection","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -74,41 ], [ -74,43 ], [ -69.75,43 ], [ -69.75,41 ], [ -74,41 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d558","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Kirk P. 0000-0003-0269-474X kpsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0269-474X","contributorId":1516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Kirk","email":"kpsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Granato, Gregory E. 0000-0002-2561-9913 ggranato@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2561-9913","contributorId":1692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granato","given":"Gregory E.","email":"ggranato@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":306889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98900,"text":"sir20105233 - 2010 - A method for assessing carbon stocks, carbon sequestration, and greenhouse-gas fluxes in ecosystems of the United States under present conditions and future scenarios","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":98503,"text":"ofr20101144 - 2010 - Public Review Draft: A Method for Assessing Carbon Stocks, Carbon Sequestration, and Greenhouse-Gas Fluxes in Ecosystems of the United States Under Present Conditions and Future Scenarios","indexId":"ofr20101144","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Public Review Draft: A Method for Assessing Carbon Stocks, Carbon Sequestration, and Greenhouse-Gas Fluxes in Ecosystems of the United States Under Present Conditions and Future Scenarios"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":98900,"text":"sir20105233 - 2010 - A method for assessing carbon stocks, carbon sequestration, and greenhouse-gas fluxes in ecosystems of the United States under present conditions and future scenarios","indexId":"sir20105233","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"A method for assessing carbon stocks, carbon sequestration, and greenhouse-gas fluxes in ecosystems of the United States under present conditions and future scenarios"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-30T21:03:12","indexId":"sir20105233","displayToPublicDate":"2010-11-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5233","title":"A method for assessing carbon stocks, carbon sequestration, and greenhouse-gas fluxes in ecosystems of the United States under present conditions and future scenarios","docAbstract":"<p>he Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA), Section 712, mandates the U.S. Department of the Interior to develop a methodology and conduct an assessment of the Nation’s ecosystems, focusing on carbon stocks, carbon sequestration, and emissions of three greenhouse gases (GHGs): carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. The major requirements include (1) an assessment of all ecosystems (terrestrial systems, such as forests, croplands, wetlands, grasslands/shrublands; and aquatic ecosystems, such as rivers, lakes, and estuaries); (2) an estimate of the annual potential capacities of ecosystems to increase carbon sequestration and reduce net GHG emissions in the context of mitigation strategies (including management and restoration activities); and (3) an evaluation of the effects of controlling processes, such as climate change, land-use and land-cover change, and disturbances such as wildfires.</p><p>The concepts of ecosystems, carbon pools, and GHG fluxes follow conventional definitions in use by major national and international assessment or inventory efforts. In order to estimate current ecosystem carbon stocks and GHG fluxes and to understand the potential capacity and effects of mitigation strategies, the method will use two time periods for the assessment: 2001 through 2010, which establishes a current ecosystem carbon and GHG baseline and will be used to validate the models; and 2011 through 2050, which will be used to assess potential capacities based on a set of scenarios. The scenario framework will be constructed using storylines of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emission Scenarios (SRES), along with both reference and enhanced land-use and land-cover (LULC) and land-management parameters. Additional LULC and land-management mitigation scenarios will be constructed for each storyline to increase carbon sequestration and reduce GHG fluxes in ecosystems. Input from regional experts and stakeholders will be solicited to construct these scenarios.</p><p>The methods for mapping the current LULC and ecosystem disturbances will require the extensive use of both remote-sensing data and field-survey data (for example, forest inventories) to capture and characterize landscape-changing events. For potential LULC changes and ecosystem disturbances, key drivers such as socioeconomic and climate changes will be used in addition to the biophysical data. The result of these analyses will be a series of maps for each future year for each scenario. These annual maps will form the basis for estimating carbon storage and GHG emissions. For terrestrial ecosystems, carbon storage, carbon-sequestration capacities, and GHG emissions under the present conditions and future scenarios will be assessed using the LULC-change and ecosystem-disturbance estimates in map format with a spatially explicit biogeochemical ensemble modeling system that incorporates properties of management activities (such as tillage or harvesting) and properties of individual ecosystems (such as energy exchange, vegetation characteristics, hydrological cycling, and soil attributes). For aquatic ecosystems, carbon burial in sediments and fluxes of GHG are functions of the present and future potential stream flow and sediment transport and will be assessed using empirical hydrological modeling methods. Validation and uncertainty analysis methods described in the methodology will follow established guidelines to assess the quality of the assessment results.</p><p>The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Level II ecoregions map will be the practical instrument for developing and delivering assessment results. Consequently, the ecoregion (there are 22 modified ecoregions) will be the reporting unit of the assessment because the scenarios, assessment results, validation, and uncertainty analysis will be produced at that scale. The implementation of these methods will require collaborations among various Federal agencies, State agencies, nongovernmental organizations, and the science community. Using the method described in this document, the assessment can be completed in approximately 3 to 4 years. The primary deliverables will be assessment reports containing tables, charts, and maps that will present the estimated GHG parameters annually for 2001 through 2050 by ecosystem, pool, and scenario. The results will permit the evaluation of a range of policies, mitigation options, and research topics, such as the demographic, LULC-change, or climate-change effects on carbon stocks, carbon sequestration, and GHG fluxes in ecosystems.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20105233","usgsCitation":"Bergamaschi, B., Bernknopf, R., Clow, D., Dye, D., Faulkner, S., Forney, W., Gleason, R., Hawbaker, T., Liu, J., Liu, S., Prisley, S., Reed, B., Reeves, M., Rollins, M., Sleeter, B., Sohl, T., Stackpoole, S., Stehman, S., Striegl, R.G., Wein, A., and Zhu, Z., 2010, A method for assessing carbon stocks, carbon sequestration, and greenhouse-gas fluxes in ecosystems of the United States under present conditions and future scenarios: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5233, Reprot: xviii, 85 p. ; Appendixes: A-I, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105233.","productDescription":"Reprot: xviii, 85 p. ; Appendixes: A-I","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2001-01-01","temporalEnd":"2050-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":14318,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5233/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":126775,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5233.jpg"},{"id":333243,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5233/pdf/sir2010-5233.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a48e4b07f02db623663","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Zhu, Zhi-Liang zzhu@usgs.gov","contributorId":3636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhi-Liang","email":"zzhu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":505757,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Bergamaschi, Brian A. 0000-0002-9610-5581 bbergama@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":1448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"Brian A.","email":"bbergama@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":306869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bernknopf, Richard","contributorId":51701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernknopf","given":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clow, David","contributorId":21920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dye, Dennis","contributorId":54159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dye","given":"Dennis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Faulkner, Stephen 0000-0001-5295-1383","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5295-1383","contributorId":65439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faulkner","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":306880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Forney, William","contributorId":23509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forney","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gleason, Robert","contributorId":58991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gleason","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hawbaker, Todd","contributorId":91069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawbaker","given":"Todd","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Liu, Jinxun 0000-0003-0561-8988 jxliu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0561-8988","contributorId":3414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Jinxun","email":"jxliu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Liu, Shu-Guang sliu@usgs.gov","contributorId":984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Shu-Guang","email":"sliu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":306868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Prisley, Stephen","contributorId":26272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prisley","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Reed, Bradley","contributorId":12820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Bradley","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Reeves, Matthew","contributorId":95437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeves","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Rollins, Matthew","contributorId":72347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rollins","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Sleeter, Benjamin","contributorId":48927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sleeter","given":"Benjamin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Sohl, Terry 0000-0002-9771-4231","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9771-4231","contributorId":81861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sohl","given":"Terry","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":306884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Stackpoole, Sarah","contributorId":67832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stackpoole","given":"Sarah","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Stehman, Stephen","contributorId":39747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stehman","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Striegl, Robert G. 0000-0002-8251-4659 rstriegl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659","contributorId":1630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striegl","given":"Robert","email":"rstriegl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":306887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Wein, Anne 0000-0002-5516-3697 awein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5516-3697","contributorId":589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wein","given":"Anne","email":"awein@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Zhu, Zhi-Liang","contributorId":70726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhi-Liang","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21}]}}
,{"id":9000487,"text":"sir20105202 - 2010 - Simulation of streamflow in the McTier Creek watershed, South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-17T10:41:08","indexId":"sir20105202","displayToPublicDate":"2010-11-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5202","title":"Simulation of streamflow in the McTier Creek watershed, South Carolina","docAbstract":"The McTier Creek watershed is located in the Sand Hills ecoregion of South Carolina and is a small catchment within the Edisto River Basin. Two watershed hydrology models were applied to the McTier Creek watershed as part of a larger scientific investigation to expand the understanding of relations among hydrologic, geochemical, and ecological processes that affect fish-tissue mercury concentrations within the Edisto River Basin. The two models are the topography-based hydrological model (TOPMODEL) and the grid-based mercury model (GBMM). TOPMODEL uses the variable-source area concept for simulating streamflow, and GBMM uses a spatially explicit modified curve-number approach for simulating streamflow. The hydrologic output from TOPMODEL can be used explicitly to simulate the transport of mercury in separate applications, whereas the hydrology output from GBMM is used implicitly in the simulation of mercury fate and transport in GBMM. The modeling efforts were a collaboration between the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory.\r\n\r\nCalibrations of TOPMODEL and GBMM were done independently while using the same meteorological data and the same period of record of observed data. Two U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations were available for comparison of observed daily mean flow with simulated daily mean flow-station 02172300, McTier Creek near Monetta, South Carolina, and station 02172305, McTier Creek near New Holland, South Carolina. The period of record at the Monetta gage covers a broad range of hydrologic conditions, including a drought and a significant wet period. Calibrating the models under these extreme conditions along with the normal flow conditions included in the record enhances the robustness of the two models.\r\n\r\nSeveral quantitative assessments of the goodness of fit between model simulations and the observed daily mean flows were done. These included the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of model-fit efficiency index, Pearson's correlation coefficient, the root mean square error, the bias, and the mean absolute error. In addition, a number of graphical tools were used to assess how well the models captured the characteristics of the observed data at the Monetta and New Holland streamflow-gaging stations. The graphical tools included temporal plots of simulated and observed daily mean flows, flow-duration curves, single-mass curves, and various residual plots. The results indicated that TOPMODEL and GBMM generally produced simulations that reasonably capture the quantity, variability, and timing of the observed streamflow. For the periods modeled, the total volume of simulated daily mean flows as compared to the total volume of the observed daily mean flow from TOPMODEL was within 1 to 5 percent, and the total volume from GBMM was within 1 to 10 percent. A noticeable characteristic of the simulated hydrographs from both models is the complexity of balancing groundwater recession and flow at the streamgage when flows peak and recede rapidly. However, GBMM results indicate that groundwater recession, which affects the receding limb of the hydrograph, was more difficult to estimate with the spatially explicit curve number approach. Although the purpose of this report is not to directly compare both models, given the characteristics of the McTier Creek watershed and the fact that GBMM uses the spatially explicit curve number approach as compared to the variable-source-area concept in TOPMODEL, GBMM was able to capture the flow characteristics reasonably well. ","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20105202","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program\r\nPrepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,\r\nNational Exposure Research Laboratory","usgsCitation":"Feaster, T., Golden, H., Odom, K.R., Lowery, M.A., Conrads, P., and Bradley, P.M., 2010, Simulation of streamflow in the McTier Creek watershed, South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5202, xiv, 55 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105202.","productDescription":"xiv, 55 p.; Appendices","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203302,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":14329,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5202/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"McTier Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.63333333333334,33.7 ], [ -81.63333333333334,33.85 ], [ -81.5,33.85 ], [ -81.5,33.7 ], [ -81.63333333333334,33.7 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4998e4b07f02db5b9b93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feaster, Toby D. 0000-0002-5626-5011 tfeaster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5626-5011","contributorId":1109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feaster","given":"Toby D.","email":"tfeaster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":344110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Golden, Heather E.","contributorId":94914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golden","given":"Heather E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Odom, Kenneth R.","contributorId":72087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Odom","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lowery, Mark A.","contributorId":77872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowery","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Conrads, Paul 0000-0003-0408-4208 pconrads@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0408-4208","contributorId":764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrads","given":"Paul","email":"pconrads@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":344109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bradley, Paul M. 0000-0001-7522-8606 pbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul","email":"pbradley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":98896,"text":"pp1773 - 2010 - Groundwater availability in the Atlantic Coastal Plain of North and South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-22T09:16:53","indexId":"pp1773","displayToPublicDate":"2010-11-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1773","title":"Groundwater availability in the Atlantic Coastal Plain of North and South Carolina","docAbstract":"The Atlantic Coastal Plain aquifers and confining units of North and South Carolina are composed of crystalline carbonate rocks, sand, clay, silt, and gravel and contain large volumes of high-quality groundwater. The aquifers have a long history of use dating back to the earliest days of European settlement in the late 1600s. Although extensive areas of some of the aquifers have or currently (2009) are areas of groundwater level declines from large-scale, concentrated pumping centers, large areas of the Atlantic Coastal Plain contain substantial quantities of high-quality groundwater that currently (2009) are unused.\r\n\r\nGroundwater use from the Atlantic Coastal Plain aquifers in North Carolina and South Carolina has increased during the past 60 years as the population has increased along with demands for municipal, industrial, and agricultural water needs. While North Carolina and South Carolina work to increase development of water supplies in response to the rapid growth in these coastal populations, both States recognize that they are facing a number of unanswered questions regarding availability of groundwater supplies and the best methods to manage these important supplies.\r\n\r\nAn in-depth assessment of groundwater availability of the Atlantic Coastal Plain aquifers of North and South Carolina has been completed by the U.S. Geological Survey Groundwater Resources Program. This assessment includes (1) a determination of the present status of the Atlantic Coastal Plain groundwater resources; (2) an explanation for how these resources have changed over time; and (3) development of tools to assess the system's response to stresses from potential future climate variability. Results from numerous previous investigations of the Atlantic Coastal Plain by Federal and State agencies have been incorporated into this effort.\r\n\r\nThe primary products of this effort are (1) comprehensive hydrologic datasets such as groundwater levels, groundwater use, and aquifer properties; (2) a revised hydrogeologic framework; (3) simulated water budgets of the overall study area along with several subareas; and (4) construction and calibration of a numerical modeling tool that is used to forecast the potential effects of climate change on groundwater levels.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1773","collaboration":"Groundwater Resources Program","usgsCitation":"Campbell, B.G., and Coes, A.L., 2010, Groundwater availability in the Atlantic Coastal Plain of North and South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1773, xxvi, 240 p.; 7 Plates; Plate 1: Section A-A 30 inches x 30 inches; Plate 2: Section B-B 37.61 inches x 33.89 inches; Plate 3: Section D-D, E-E 32 inches x 35.46 inches; Plate 4: Section F-F 24.32 inches x 25.14 inches; Plate 5: Section G-G 39.13 inches x 32.56 inches; Plate 6: Section H-H 42 inches x 37.46 inches; Plate 7: Section I-I, A-C 44.66 inches x 40.21 inches; Compressed PDF File containing Plates, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1773.","productDescription":"xxvi, 240 p.; 7 Plates; Plate 1: Section A-A 30 inches x 30 inches; Plate 2: Section B-B 37.61 inches x 33.89 inches; Plate 3: Section D-D, E-E 32 inches x 35.46 inches; Plate 4: Section F-F 24.32 inches x 25.14 inches; Plate 5: Section G-G 39.13 inches x 32.56 inches; Plate 6: Section H-H 42 inches x 37.46 inches; Plate 7: Section I-I, A-C 44.66 inches x 40.21 inches; Compressed PDF File containing Plates","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126769,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1773.jpg"},{"id":346013,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7RJ4GJF","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release”","linkHelpText":"MODFLOW2000 and MODFLOW-ASP models used to simulate the groundwater flow in the Atlantic Coastal Plain, North and South Carolina and parts of Georgia and Virginia, Predevelopment to 2004"},{"id":14314,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1773/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Coastal Plain","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84,30 ], [ -84,38 ], [ -75,38 ], [ -75,30 ], [ -84,30 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a73e4b07f02db643a1c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, Bruce G. 0000-0003-4800-6674 bcampbel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4800-6674","contributorId":995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Bruce","email":"bcampbel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coes, Alissa L. 0000-0001-6682-5417 alcoes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6682-5417","contributorId":4231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coes","given":"Alissa","email":"alcoes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98897,"text":"ofr20101284 - 2010 - Spatial and stage-structured population model of the American crocodile for comparison of comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP) alternatives","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:57","indexId":"ofr20101284","displayToPublicDate":"2010-11-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1284","title":"Spatial and stage-structured population model of the American crocodile for comparison of comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP) alternatives","docAbstract":"As part of the U.S. Geological Survey Priority Ecosystems Science (PES) initiative to provide the ecological science required during Everglades restoration, we have integrated current regional hydrologic models with American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus) research and monitoring data to create a model that assesses the potential impact of Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP) efforts on the American crocodile. A list of indicators was created by the Restoration Coordination and Verification (RECOVER) component of CERP to help determine the success of interim restoration goals. The American crocodile was established as an indicator of the ecological condition of mangrove estuaries due to its reliance upon estuarine environments characterized by low salinity and adequate freshwater inflow. To gain a better understanding of the potential impact of CERP restoration efforts on the American crocodile, a spatially explicit crocodile population model has been created that has the ability to simulate the response of crocodiles to various management strategies for the South Florida ecosystem. The crocodile model uses output from the Tides and Inflows in the Mangroves of the Everglades (TIME) model, an application of the Flow and Transport in a Linked Overland/Aquifer Density Dependent System (FTLOADDS) simulator. TIME has the capability to link to the South Florida Water Management Model (SFWMM), which is the primary regional tool used to assess CERP restoration scenarios. A crocodile habitat suitability index and spatial parameter maps that reflect salinity, water depth, habitat, and nesting locations are used as driving functions to construct crocodile finite rate of increase maps under different management scenarios. Local stage-structured models are integrated with a spatial landscape grid to display crocodile movement behavior in response to changing environmental conditions. Restoration efforts are expected to affect salinity levels throughout the habitat of the American crocodile. This modeling effort examines how CERP restoration alternatives will affect growth and survival rates of hatchling and juvenile crocodiles, hatchling dispersal to suitable nursery habitat, and relative abundance and distribution in response to changing salinity and water depth for all stage classes of crocodiles. The response of the American crocodile to restoration efforts will provide a quantifiable measure of restoration success. By applying the crocodile model to proposed restoration alternatives and predicting population responses, we can choose alternatives that approximate historical conditions, enhance habitat for multiple species, and identify future research needs.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101284","collaboration":"Prepared as part of the U.S. Geological Survey Priority Ecosystems Science Initiative ","usgsCitation":"Green, T.W., Slone, D., Swain, E.D., Cherkiss, M.S., Lohmann, M., Mazzotti, F., and Rice, K.G., 2010, Spatial and stage-structured population model of the American crocodile for comparison of comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP) alternatives: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1284, vi, 38 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101284.","productDescription":"vi, 38 p.; Appendices","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126067,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1284.jpg"},{"id":14315,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1284/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6eee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Green, Timothy W.","contributorId":58672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slone, Daniel H. 0000-0002-9903-9727 dslone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9903-9727","contributorId":1749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slone","given":"Daniel H.","email":"dslone@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":306857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swain, Eric D. 0000-0001-7168-708X edswain@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7168-708X","contributorId":1538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swain","given":"Eric","email":"edswain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cherkiss, Michael S. 0000-0002-7802-6791 mcherkiss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7802-6791","contributorId":4571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cherkiss","given":"Michael","email":"mcherkiss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lohmann, Melinda 0000-0003-1472-159X mlohmann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-159X","contributorId":2971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lohmann","given":"Melinda","email":"mlohmann@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mazzotti, Frank J.","contributorId":100018,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mazzotti","given":"Frank J.","affiliations":[{"id":12557,"text":"University of Florida, FLREC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":306861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rice, Kenneth G. 0000-0001-8282-1088 krice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8282-1088","contributorId":117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Kenneth","email":"krice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":98891,"text":"cir1363 - 2010 - Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center--providing comprehensive earth science for complex societal issues","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:45","indexId":"cir1363","displayToPublicDate":"2010-11-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1363","title":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center--providing comprehensive earth science for complex societal issues","docAbstract":"Minerals in the environment and products manufactured from mineral materials are all around us and we use and come into contact with them every day. They impact our way of life and the health of all that lives. Minerals are critical to the Nation's economy and knowing where future mineral resources will come from is important for sustaining the Nation's economy and national security.\r\n\r\nThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Mineral Resources Program (MRP) provides scientific information for objective resource assessments and unbiased research results on mineral resource potential, production and consumption statistics, as well as environmental consequences of mining. The MRP conducts this research to provide information needed for land planners and decisionmakers about where mineral commodities are known and suspected in the earth's crust and about the environmental consequences of extracting those commodities. As part of the MRP scientists of the Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center (WMERSC or 'Center' herein) coordinate the development of national, geologic, geochemical, geophysical, and mineral-resource databases and the migration of existing databases to standard models and formats that are available to both internal and external users. The unique expertise developed by Center scientists over many decades in response to mineral-resource-related issues is now in great demand to support applications such as public health research and remediation of environmental hazards that result from mining and mining-related activities.\r\nWestern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center\r\n\r\nResults of WMERSC research provide timely and unbiased analyses of minerals and inorganic materials to (1) improve stewardship of public lands and resources; (2) support national and international economic and security policies; (3) sustain prosperity and improve our quality of life; and (4) protect and improve public health, safety, and environmental quality. The MRP supports approximately 40 USGS research specialists who utilize cooperative agreements with universities, industry, and other governmental agencies to support their collaborative research and information exchange.\r\n\r\nScientists of the WMERSC study how and where non-fuel mineral resources form and are concentrated in the earth's crust, where mineral resources might be found in the future, and how mineral materials interact with the environment to affect human and ecosystem health.\r\n\r\nNatural systems (ecosystems) are complex - our understanding of how ecosystems operate requires collecting and synthesizing large amounts of geologic, geochemical, biologic, hydrologic, and meteorological information. Scientists in the Center strive to understand the interplay of various processes and how they affect the structure, composition, and health of ecosystems. Such understanding, which is then summarized in publicly available reports, is used to address and solve a wide variety of issues that are important to society and the economy.\r\n\r\nWMERSC scientists have extensive national and international experience in these scientific specialties and capabilities - they have collaborated with many Federal, State, and local agencies; with various private sector organizations; as well as with foreign countries and organizations. Nearly every scientific and societal challenge requires a different combination of scientific skills and capabilities. With their breadth of scientific specialties and capabilities, the scientists of the WMERSC can provide scientifically sound approaches to a wide range of societal challenges and issues. The following sections describe examples of important issues that have been addressed by scientists in the Center, the methods employed, and the relevant conclusions. New directions are inevitable as societal needs change over time.\r\n\r\nScientists of the WMERSC have a diverse set of skills and capabilities and are proficient in the collection and integration of","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir1363","usgsCitation":"Frank, D.G., Wallace, A.R., and Schneider, J.L., 2010, Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center--providing comprehensive earth science for complex societal issues: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1363, iv, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1363.","productDescription":"iv, 32 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126147,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/cir_1363.jpg"},{"id":14309,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1363/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c43f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frank, David G. dfrank@usgs.gov","contributorId":3274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frank","given":"David","email":"dfrank@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wallace, Alan R.","contributorId":6024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schneider, Jill L. jschnidr@usgs.gov","contributorId":4322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"Jill","email":"jschnidr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":306844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":98889,"text":"ofr20101211 - 2010 - Estimating Monthly Water Withdrawals, Return Flow, and Consumptive Use in the Great Lakes Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:13","indexId":"ofr20101211","displayToPublicDate":"2010-11-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1211","title":"Estimating Monthly Water Withdrawals, Return Flow, and Consumptive Use in the Great Lakes Basin","docAbstract":"Water-resource managers and planners require water-withdrawal, return-flow, and consumptive-use data to understand how anthropogenic (human) water use affects the hydrologic system. Water models like MODFLOW and GSFLOW use calculations and input values (including water-withdrawal and return flow data) to simulate and predict the effects of water use on aquifer and stream conditions. Accurate assessments of consumptive use, interbasin transfer, and areas that are on public supply or sewer are essential in estimating the withdrawal and return-flow data needed for the models. As the applicability of a model to real situations depends on accurate input data, limited or poor water-use data hampers the ability of modelers to simulate and predict hydrologic conditions. Substantial differences exist among the many agencies nationwide that are responsible for compiling water-use data including what data are collected, how the data are organized, how often the data are collected, quality assurance, required level of accuracy, and when data are released to the public. This poster presents water-use information and estimation methods summarized from recent U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) reports with the intent to assist water-resource managers and planners who need estimates of monthly water withdrawals, return flows, and consumptive use. This poster lists references used in Shaffer (2009) for water withdrawals, consumptive use, and return flows. Monthly percent of annual withdrawals and monthly consumptive-use coefficients are used to compute monthly water withdrawals, consumptive use, and return flow for the Great Lakes Basin.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101211","collaboration":"Prepared by the USGS Ohio Water Science Center","usgsCitation":"Shaffer, K., and Stenback, R.S., 2010, Estimating Monthly Water Withdrawals, Return Flow, and Consumptive Use in the Great Lakes Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1211, Poster: 42 inches x 87 inches; Components of Water Use Figure poster: 17 inches x 11 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101211.","productDescription":"Poster: 42 inches x 87 inches; Components of Water Use Figure poster: 17 inches x 11 inches","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126150,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1211.gif"},{"id":14307,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1211/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc9c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shaffer, Kimberly H.","contributorId":98275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"Kimberly H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stenback, Rosemary S. rsstenba@usgs.gov","contributorId":215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stenback","given":"Rosemary","email":"rsstenba@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":306839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98888,"text":"sir20105169 - 2010 - Approaches to highly parameterized inversion-A guide to using PEST for groundwater-model calibration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:13","indexId":"sir20105169","displayToPublicDate":"2010-11-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5169","title":"Approaches to highly parameterized inversion-A guide to using PEST for groundwater-model calibration","docAbstract":"Highly parameterized groundwater models can create calibration difficulties. Regularized inversion-the combined use of large numbers of parameters with mathematical approaches for stable parameter estimation-is becoming a common approach to address these difficulties and enhance the transfer of information contained in field measurements to parameters used to model that system. Though commonly used in other industries, regularized inversion is somewhat imperfectly understood in the groundwater field. There is concern that this unfamiliarity can lead to underuse, and misuse, of the methodology. This document is constructed to facilitate the appropriate use of regularized inversion for calibrating highly parameterized groundwater models. The presentation is directed at an intermediate- to advanced-level modeler, and it focuses on the PEST software suite-a frequently used tool for highly parameterized model calibration and one that is widely supported by commercial graphical user interfaces. A brief overview of the regularized inversion approach is provided, and techniques for mathematical regularization offered by PEST are outlined, including Tikhonov, subspace, and hybrid schemes. Guidelines for applying regularized inversion techniques are presented after a logical progression of steps for building suitable PEST input. The discussion starts with use of pilot points as a parameterization device and processing/grouping observations to form multicomponent objective functions. A description of potential parameter solution methodologies and resources available through the PEST software and its supporting utility programs follows. Directing the parameter-estimation process through PEST control variables is then discussed, including guidance for monitoring and optimizing the performance of PEST. Comprehensive listings of PEST control variables, and of the roles performed by PEST utility support programs, are presented in the appendixes. ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105169","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Groundwater Resources Program and Global Change Research and Development","usgsCitation":"Doherty, J.E., and Hunt, R.J., 2010, Approaches to highly parameterized inversion-A guide to using PEST for groundwater-model calibration: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5169, vi, 37 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105169.","productDescription":"vi, 37 p.; Appendices","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126149,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5169.jpg"},{"id":14306,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5169/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67a32d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doherty, John E.","contributorId":8817,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doherty","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7046,"text":"Watermark Numerical Computing","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":306838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304 rjhunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":1129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall","email":"rjhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70198324,"text":"70198324 - 2010 - The role of water in generating the calc-alkaline trend: New volatile data for aleutian magmas and a new tholeiitic index","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-31T09:48:10","indexId":"70198324","displayToPublicDate":"2010-11-18T10:50:54","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2420,"text":"Journal of Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of water in generating the calc-alkaline trend: New volatile data for aleutian magmas and a new tholeiitic index","docAbstract":"<p><span>The origin of tholeiitic (TH) versus calc-alkaline (CA) magmatic trends has long been debated. Part of the problem stems from the lack of a quantitative measure for the way in which a magma evolves. Recognizing that the salient feature in many TH–CA discrimination diagrams is enrichment in Fe during magma evolution, we have developed a quantitative index of Fe enrichment, the Tholeiitic Index (THI): THI = Fe</span><sub>4</sub><sub>·0</sub><span>/Fe</span><sub>8</sub><sub>·0</sub><span>, where Fe</span><sub>4</sub><sub>·0</sub><span>&nbsp;is the average FeO* concentration of samples with 4 ± 1 wt % MgO, and Fe</span><sub>8</sub><sub>·0</sub><span>&nbsp;is the average FeO* at 8 ± 1 wt % MgO. Magmas with THI &gt; 1 have enriched in FeO* during differentiation from basalts to andesites and are tholeiitic; magmas with THI &lt; 1 are calc-alkaline. Most subduction zone volcanism is CA, but to varying extents; the THI expresses the continuum of Fe enrichment observed in magmatic suites in all tectonic settings. To test various controls on the development of CA trends, we present new magmatic water measurements in melt inclusions from eight volcanoes from the Aleutian volcanic arc (Augustine, Emmons, Shishaldin, Akutan, Unalaska, Okmok, Seguam, and Korovin). Least degassed H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O contents vary from ∼2 wt % (Shishaldin) to &gt;7 wt % (Augustine), spanning the global range in arc mafic magmas. Within the Aleutian data, H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O correlates negatively with THI, from strongly calc-alkaline (Augustine, THI = 0·65) to moderately tholeiitic (Shishaldin, THI = 1·16). The relationship between THI and magmatic water is maintained when data are included from additional arc volcanoes, back-arc basins, ocean islands, and mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORBs), supporting a dominant role of magmatic water in generating CA trends. An effective break between TH and CA trends occurs at ∼2 wt % H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O. Both pMELTs calculations and laboratory experiments demonstrate that the observed co-variation of H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O and THI in arcs can be generated by the effect of H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O on the suppression of plagioclase and the relative enhancement of Fe-oxides on the liquid line of descent. The full THI–H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O array requires an increase in fO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;with H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O, from ≤FMQ (where FMQ is the fayalite–magnetite–quartz buffer) in MORB to ∼ΔFMQ +0·5 to +2 in arcs, consistent with inferences from measured Fe and S species in glasses and melt inclusions. A curve fit to the data, H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O (wt % ± 1·2) = exp[(1·26 – THI)/0·32], may provide a useful tool for estimating the H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O content of magmas that are inaccessible to melt inclusion study.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford ","doi":"10.1093/petrology/egq062","usgsCitation":"Zimmer, M.M., Plank, T., Hauri, E.H., Yogodzinski, G., Stelling, P.L., Larsen, J., Singer, B., Jicha, B.R., Mandeville, C., and Nye, C.J., 2010, The role of water in generating the calc-alkaline trend: New volatile data for aleutian magmas and a new tholeiitic index: Journal of Petrology, v. 51, no. 12, p. 2411-2444, https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egq062.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"2411","endPage":"2444","costCenters":[{"id":121,"text":"Alaska Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356055,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98b6b7e4b0702d0e844c70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zimmer, Mindy M.","contributorId":206549,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimmer","given":"Mindy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plank, Terry","contributorId":16743,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plank","given":"Terry","affiliations":[{"id":7135,"text":"Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hauri, Erik H.","contributorId":199798,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hauri","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":35612,"text":"Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yogodzinski, Gene","contributorId":193631,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yogodzinski","given":"Gene","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stelling, Peter L.","contributorId":84414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stelling","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Larsen, Jessica","contributorId":62092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larsen","given":"Jessica","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Singer, Brad","contributorId":121387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singer","given":"Brad","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jicha, Brian R.","contributorId":44062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jicha","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Mandeville, Charlie 0000-0002-8485-3689 cmandeville@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8485-3689","contributorId":753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mandeville","given":"Charlie","email":"cmandeville@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Nye, Christopher J.","contributorId":55418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nye","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":121,"text":"Alaska Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":741053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":98886,"text":"sir20105220 - 2010 - The principal rare earth elements deposits of the United States: A summary of domestic deposits and a global perspective","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-14T22:19:09.986424","indexId":"sir20105220","displayToPublicDate":"2010-11-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5220","title":"The principal rare earth elements deposits of the United States: A summary of domestic deposits and a global perspective","docAbstract":"The rare earth elements (REE) are fifteen elements with atomic numbers 57 through 71, from lanthanum to lutetium ('lanthanides'), plus yttrium (39), which is chemically similar to the lanthanide elements and thus typically included with the rare earth elements. Although industrial demand for these elements is relatively small in tonnage terms, they are essential for a diverse and expanding array of high-technology applications. REE-containing magnets, metal alloys for batteries and light-weight structures, and phosphors are essential for many current and emerging alternative energy technologies, such as electric vehicles, energy-efficient lighting, and wind power. REE are also critical for a number of key defense systems and other advanced materials.\r\n\r\nSection 843 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2010, Public Law 111-84, directs the Comptroller General to complete a report on REE materials in the defense supply chain. The Office of Industrial Policy, in collaboration with other U.S. Government agencies, has initiated (in addition to this report) a detailed study of REE. This latter study will assess the Department of Defense's use of REE, as well as the status and security of domestic and global supply chains. That study will also address vulnerabilities in the supply chain and recommend ways to mitigate any potential risks of supply disruption. To help conduct this study, the Office of Industrial Policy asked the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to report on domestic REE reserves and resources in a global context. To this end, the enclosed report is the initial USGS contribution to assessing and summarizing the domestic REE resources in a global perspective.\r\n\r\nIn 2009, the Mineral Resources Program of the USGS organized a new project under the title Minerals at Risk and For Emerging Technologies in order to evaluate mineral resource and supply issues of rare metals that are of increasing importance to the national economy. Leaders and members of this project, with the assistance of the USGS National Minerals Information Center, prepared the enclosed USGS report on domestic REE resources. The USGS Mineral Resources Program has investigated domestic and selected foreign REE resources for many decades, and this report summarizes what has been learned from this research. The USGS National Minerals Information Center (formerly Minerals Information Team) has monitored global production, trade, and resources for an equally long period and is the principal source of statistics used in this report.\r\n\r\nThe objective of this study is to provide a nontechnical overview of domestic reserves and resources of REE and possibilities for utilizing those resources. At the present time, the United States obtains its REE raw materials from foreign sources, almost exclusively from China. Import dependence upon a single country raises serious issues of supply security. In a global context, domestic REE resources are modest and of uncertain value; hence, available resources in traditional trading partners (such as Canada and Australia) are of great interest for diversifying sources of supply. This report restates basic geologic facts about REE relevant to assessing security of supply, followed by a review of current United States consumption and imports of REE, current knowledge of domestic resources, and possibilities for future domestic production. Further detail follows in a deposit-by-deposit review of the most significant domestic REE deposits (see index map). Necessary steps to develop domestic resources are discussed in a separate section, leading into a review of current domestic exploration and a discussion of the value of a future national mineral resource assessment of REE. The report also includes an overview of known global REE resources and discusses the reliability of alternative foreign sources of REE.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20105220","usgsCitation":"Long, K.R., Van Gosen, B.S., Foley, N.K., and Cordier, D., 2010, The principal rare earth elements deposits of the United States: A summary of domestic deposits and a global perspective: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5220, vi, 96 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105220.","productDescription":"vi, 96 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science 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This project involved evaluating existing topographic, water-surface elevation, and soils data to determine if they were sufficient to create a classification similar to the Land Capability Potential Index (LCPI) developed by Jacobson and others (U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007–5256) and developing a geomorphically based classification to apply to evaluating restoration potential.</p><p>Existing topographic, water-surface elevation, and soils data for the Middle Missouri River were not sufficient to replicate the LCPI. The 1/3-arc-second National Elevation Dataset delineated most of the topographic complexity and produced cumulative frequency distributions similar to a high-resolution 5-meter topographic dataset developed for the Lower Missouri River. However, lack of bathymetry in the National Elevation Dataset produces a potentially critical bias in evaluation of frequently flooded surfaces close to the river. High-resolution soils data alone were insufficient to replace the information content of the LCPI. In test reaches in the Lower Missouri River, soil drainage classes from the Soil Survey Geographic Database database correctly classified 0.8–98.9 percent of the flood-plain area at or below the 5-year return interval flood stage depending on state of channel incision; on average for river miles 423–811, soil drainage class correctly classified only 30.2 percent of the flood-plain area at or below the 5-year return interval flood stage. Lack of congruence between soil characteristics and present-day hydrology results from relatively rapid incision and aggradation of segments of the Missouri River resulting from impoundments and engineering. The most sparsely available data in the Middle Missouri River were water-surface elevations. Whereas hydraulically modeled water-surface elevations were available at 1.6-kilometer intervals in the Lower Missouri River, water-surface elevations in the Middle Missouri River had to be interpolated between streamflow-gaging stations spaced 3–116 kilometers. Lack of high-resolution water-surface elevation data precludes development of LCPI-like classification maps.</p><p>An hierarchical river classification framework is proposed to provide structure for a multiscale river classification. The segment-scale classification presented in this report is deductive and based on presumed effects of dams, significant tributaries, and geological (and engineered) channel constraints. An inductive reach-scale classification, nested within the segment scale, is based on multivariate statistical clustering of geomorphic data collected at 500-meter intervals along the river. Cluster-based classifications delineate reaches of the river with similar channel and flood-plain geomorphology, and presumably, similar geomorphic and hydrologic processes. The dominant variables in the clustering process were channel width (Fort Randall) and valley width (Sharpe), followed by braiding index (both segments).</p><p>Clusters with multithread and highly sinuous channels are likely to be associated with dynamic channel migration and deposition of fresh, bare sediment conducive to natural cottonwood germination. However, restoration potential within these reaches is likely to be mitigated by interaction of cottonwood life stages with the highly altered flow regime.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20105208","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Missouri River Recovery-Integrated Science Program U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Yankton, South Dakota","usgsCitation":"Jacobson, R.B., Elliott, C.M., and Huhmann, B.L., 2010, Development of a channel classification to evaluate potential for cottonwood restoration, lower segments of the Middle Missouri River, South Dakota and Nebraska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5208, vi, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105208.","productDescription":"vi, 38 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126065,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5208.jpg"},{"id":330951,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5208/pdf/sir2010_5208.pdf","size":"7.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":14298,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5208/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -100.16666666666667,43.833333333333336 ], [ -100.16666666666667,44.5 ], [ -99.41666666666667,44.5 ], [ -99.41666666666667,43.833333333333336 ], [ -100.16666666666667,43.833333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db6609cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jacobson, Robert B. 0000-0002-8368-2064 rjacobson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":1289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Robert","email":"rjacobson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elliott, Caroline M. 0000-0002-9190-7462 celliott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9190-7462","contributorId":2380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Caroline","email":"celliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huhmann, Brittany L.","contributorId":31725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huhmann","given":"Brittany","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":98873,"text":"sir20105134 - 2010 - Characterization of geologic deposits in the vicinity of US Ecology, Amargosa Basin, southern Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-08T10:39:39","indexId":"sir20105134","displayToPublicDate":"2010-11-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5134","title":"Characterization of geologic deposits in the vicinity of US Ecology, Amargosa Basin, southern Nevada","docAbstract":"<p>Multiple approaches have been applied to better understand the characteristics of geologic units exposed at the surface and buried at depth in the vicinity of US Ecology (USE), a low-level commercial waste site in the northern Amargosa Desert, Nevada. Techniques include surficial geologic mapping and interpretation of the subsurface using borehole data. Dated deposits at depth were used to estimate rates of sediment accumulation. The subsurface lithologies have been modeled in three dimensions. Lithologic cross sections have been created from the three-dimensional model and have been compared to resistivity data at the same location. Where deposits appear offset, a fault was suspected. Global Positioning System elevation transects were measured and trenches were excavated to locate a strand of the Carrara Fault. The presence of the fault helps to better understand the shape of the potentiometric surface. These data will be used to better understand the hydrologic parameters controlling the containment of the waste at US Ecology.</p><p>Quaternary geologic units exposed at the surface, in the vicinity of US Ecology, are derived from the alluvium shed off the adjacent range front and the Amargosa River. These deposits vary from modern to early Pleistocene in age. At depth, heterogeneous sands and gravel occur. Observed in deep trenches and boreholes, the subsurface deposits are characterized as fining-upward sequence of sediment from 5- to 8-meters thick. No volcanic units or fine-grained playa deposits were described in the boreholes to a depth of 200 meters. Based on Infrared Stimulated Luminescence dated core samples, short-term rates of sediment accumulation (&lt;70,000 years) are an average of 2.7 millimeters per year, however, long-term rates (&lt;3,900,000 years) are orders of magnitude less. Resistivity data, when compared to lithologic cross sections, generally are consistent with lithology grain size and probable soil carbonate accumulations. Surface resistivity displays a fining-upward sequence of sediments at the surface with a soil carbonate imprint. Finally, trenching north of US Ecology successfully exposed offset Quaternary deposits on a splay of the Carrara Fault. Holocene deposits do not appear to be faulted, however, a fault zone does intersect middle and late Pleistocene aged units.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20105134","usgsCitation":"Taylor, E.M., 2010, Characterization of geologic deposits in the vicinity of US Ecology, Amargosa Basin, southern Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5134, Report: vi, 37 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105134.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 37 p.; Appendix","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":308,"text":"Geology and Environmental Change Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132235,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350781,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5134/downloads/Appendix1.xlsx","text":"Appendix 1","size":"224 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":350780,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5134/downloads/SIR10-5134.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":14290,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5134/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Amargosa Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117,36.6 ], [ -117,36.9 ], [ -116,36.9 ], [ -116,36.6 ], [ -117,36.6 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4ddd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, Emily M. 0000-0003-1152-5761 emtaylor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1152-5761","contributorId":1240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Emily","email":"emtaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":306791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":98878,"text":"sir20105155 - 2010 - Surface-water quantity and quality, aquatic biology, stream geomorphology, and groundwater-flow simulation for National Guard Training Center at Fort Indiantown Gap, Pennsylvania, 2002-05","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-22T09:09:14","indexId":"sir20105155","displayToPublicDate":"2010-11-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5155","title":"Surface-water quantity and quality, aquatic biology, stream geomorphology, and groundwater-flow simulation for National Guard Training Center at Fort Indiantown Gap, Pennsylvania, 2002-05","docAbstract":"Base-line and long-term monitoring of water resources of the National Guard Training Center at Fort Indiantown Gap in south-central Pennsylvania began in 2002. Results of continuous monitoring of streamflow and turbidity and monthly and stormflow water-quality samples from two continuous-record long-term stream sites, periodic collection of water-quality samples from five miscellaneous stream sites, and annual collection of biological data from 2002 to 2005 at 27 sites are discussed. In addition, results from a stream-geomorphic analysis and classification and a regional groundwater-flow model are included. Streamflow at the facility was above normal for the 2003 through 2005 water years and extremely high-flow events occurred in 2003 and in 2004. Water-quality samples were analyzed for nutrients, sediments, metals, major ions, pesticides, volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds, and explosives. Results indicated no exceedances for any constituent (except iron) above the primary and secondary drinking-water standards or health-advisory levels set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Iron concentrations were naturally elevated in the groundwater within the watershed because of bedrock lithology. The majority of the constituents were at or below the method detection limit. Sediment loads were dominated by precipitation due to the remnants of Hurricane Ivan in September 2004. More than 60 percent of the sediment load measured during the entire study was transported past the streamgage in just 2 days during that event. Habitat and aquatic-invertebrate data were collected in the summers of 2002-05, and fish data were collected in 2004. Although 2002 was a drought year, 2003-05 were above-normal flow years. Results indicated a wide diversity in invertebrates, good numbers of taxa (distinct organisms), and on the basis of a combination of metrics, the majority of the 27 sites indicated no or slight impairment. Fish-metric data from 25 sites indicated results similar to the invertebrate data. Stream classification based on evolution of the stream channels indicates about 94 percent of the channels were considered to be in equilibrium (type B or C channels), neither aggrading nor eroding. A regional, uncalibrated groundwater-flow model indicated the surface-water and groundwater-flow divides coincided. Because of folding of rock layers, groundwater was under confined conditions and nearly all the water leaves the facility via the streams.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105155","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Military and Veterans Affairs","usgsCitation":"Langland, M.J., Cinotto, P.J., Chichester, D.C., Bilger, M.D., and Brightbill, R.A., 2010, Surface-water quantity and quality, aquatic biology, stream geomorphology, and groundwater-flow simulation for National Guard Training Center at Fort Indiantown Gap, Pennsylvania, 2002-05: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5155, viii, 48 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105155.","productDescription":"viii, 48 p.; Appendices","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2002-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126164,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5155.jpg"},{"id":14295,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5155/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.78333333333333,40.36666666666667 ], [ -76.78333333333333,40.5 ], [ -76.46666666666667,40.5 ], [ -76.46666666666667,40.36666666666667 ], [ -76.78333333333333,40.36666666666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a597","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langland, Michael J. 0000-0002-8350-8779 langland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8350-8779","contributorId":2347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langland","given":"Michael","email":"langland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cinotto, Peter J. pcinotto@usgs.gov","contributorId":451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cinotto","given":"Peter","email":"pcinotto@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":354,"text":"Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chichester, Douglas C.","contributorId":83883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chichester","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bilger, Michael D.","contributorId":13589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bilger","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brightbill, Robin A. 0000-0003-4683-9656 rabright@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4683-9656","contributorId":618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brightbill","given":"Robin","email":"rabright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70157538,"text":"70157538 - 2010 - Trends in live-bed pier scour at selected bridges in South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-03T13:57:55.706699","indexId":"70157538","displayToPublicDate":"2010-11-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Trends in live-bed pier scour at selected bridges in South Carolina","docAbstract":"<p><span>The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the South Carolina Department of Transportation, used ground-penetrating radar to collect measurements of live-bed pier scour at 78 bridges in the Piedmont and Coastal Plain physiographic provinces of South Carolina. The 141 measurements of live-bed pier-scour depth ranged from 0.5 to 5.1 meters. Using hydraulic data estimated with a one-dimensional flow model, predicted live-bed scour depths were computed with scour equations from the Hydraulic Engineering Circular 18 and compared with measured scour. This comparison indicated that predicted pier-scour depths generally exceeded the measured pier-scour depths. At times, predicted pier-scour depths were excessive with overpredictions as large as 7.0 meters. Relations in the live-bed pier-scour data also were investigated, leading to the development of an envelope curve for assessing the upper-bound of live-bed pier scour using pier width as the primary explanatory variable. The envelope curve developed with the field data has limitations, but it can be used as a supplementary tool for assessing the potential for live-bed pier scour in South Carolina. This paper will present findings related to the field investigation of live-bed pier scour. A companion paper presents findings related to live-bed contraction scour that was studied during the same field investigation.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Scour and Erosion","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"5th International Conference on Scour and Erosion","conferenceDate":"November 7-10, 2010","conferenceLocation":"San Francisco, California","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/41147(392)8","usgsCitation":"Caldwell, A.W., and Benedict, S., 2010, Trends in live-bed pier scour at selected bridges in South Carolina, <i>in</i> Scour and Erosion, San Francisco, California, November 7-10, 2010, p. 95-104, https://doi.org/10.1061/41147(392)8.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"95","endPage":"104","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science 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Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56067041e4b058f706e51970","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Burns, Susan E.","contributorId":147968,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burns","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573493,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bhatia, Shobha K.","contributorId":147969,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bhatia","given":"Shobha","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573494,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Avila, Catherine","contributorId":147970,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Avila","given":"Catherine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573495,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hunt, Beatrice E.","contributorId":147971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hunt","given":"Beatrice","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573496,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Caldwell, Andral W. 0000-0003-1269-5463 acaldwel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1269-5463","contributorId":3228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Andral","email":"acaldwel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Benedict, Stephen T. benedict@usgs.gov","contributorId":3198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benedict","given":"Stephen T.","email":"benedict@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":573492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98870,"text":"fs20103100 - 2010 - The U.S.Geological Survey Energy Resources Program","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":79281,"text":"fs20063128 - 2006 - The U.S. Geological Survey Energy Resources Program","indexId":"fs20063128","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"The U.S. Geological Survey Energy Resources Program"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":98870,"text":"fs20103100 - 2010 - The U.S.Geological Survey Energy Resources Program","indexId":"fs20103100","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"The U.S.Geological Survey Energy Resources Program"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:34","indexId":"fs20103100","displayToPublicDate":"2010-11-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3100","title":"The U.S.Geological Survey Energy Resources Program","docAbstract":"Energy resources are an essential component of modern society. Adequate, reliable, and affordable energy supplies obtained using environmentally sustainable practices underpin economic prosperity, environmental quality and human health, and political stability. National and global demands for all forms of energy are forecast to increase significantly over the next several decades. Throughout its history, our Nation has faced important, often controversial, decisions regarding the competing uses of public lands, the supply of energy to sustain development and enable growth, and environmental stewardship. \r\n\r\nThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Energy Resources Program (ERP) provides information to address these challenges by supporting scientific investigations of energy resources, such as research on the geology, geochemistry, and geophysics of oil, gas, coal, heavy oil and natural bitumen, oil shale, uranium, and geothermal resources, emerging resources such as gas hydrates, and research on the effects associated with energy resource occurrence, production, and (or) utilization. The results from these investigations provide impartial, robust scientific information about energy resources and support the U.S. Department of the Interior's (DOI's) mission of protecting and responsibly managing the Nation's natural resources. Primary consumers of ERP information and products include the DOI land- and resource-management Bureaus; other Federal, State, and local agencies; the U.S. Congress and the Administration; nongovernmental organizations; the energy industry; academia; international organizations; and the general public.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20103100","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2010, The U.S.Geological Survey Energy Resources Program: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3100, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103100.","productDescription":"6 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126766,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3100.jpg"},{"id":14286,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3100/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db6729a4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70198297,"text":"70198297 - 2010 - Cyclic ground tilt associated with the 2004–2008 eruption of Mount St. Helens","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-31T09:29:29","indexId":"70198297","displayToPublicDate":"2010-11-06T11:01:13","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"subseriesTitle":"Chemistry and Physics of Minerals and Rocks/Volcanology","title":"Cyclic ground tilt associated with the 2004–2008 eruption of Mount St. Helens","docAbstract":"<p><span>The long‐term behavior of the 2004–2008 effusive eruption of Mount St. Helens was characterized by a gradual decline in the rates of seismicity, dome growth, and broad‐scale ground deformation, but shallow near‐periodic “drumbeat” earthquakes over timescales of minutes indicated episodic short‐term behavior. In part to better characterize this behavior and any associated ground deformation, a network of tiltmeters was installed and recorded thousands of cyclic tilt events within the crater. The duration of these events, from minutes to hours, was too long for them to be directly caused by the drumbeat seismicity. Tilt events were characterized by a recoverable, asymmetric pattern of rapid tilt away from the vent followed by a more gradual reversal, were highly correlated between different tiltmeters in the crater, sometimes occurred in association with volcanic seismicity, and ceased at the end of the eruption. Tilt vectors converged on a point just south of the center of the preexisting 1980s lava dome, and the absence of detectable tilt outside the crater suggests a shallow source (&lt;1 km). We examine several models, including cycles of conduit pressurization and plug slip or gas loss and stick‐slip behavior on the interface between the ascending plug and the 1980s lava dome. The small number of stations within the crater prevents a unique determination of source type or geometry, but results are consistent with a mechanism involving extrusion of the semisolid dacite plug and/or cycles of conduit pressurization.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2009JB007102","usgsCitation":"Anderson, K., Lisowski, M., and Segall, P., 2010, Cyclic ground tilt associated with the 2004–2008 eruption of Mount St. Helens: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 115, no. B11, B11201; 29 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JB007102.","productDescription":"B11201; 29 p.","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475641,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2009jb007102","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":356035,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount St. Helens","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.29774475097655,\n              46.13987966342405\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.0855712890625,\n              46.13987966342405\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.0855712890625,\n              46.26154380710643\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.29774475097655,\n              46.26154380710643\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.29774475097655,\n              46.13987966342405\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"115","issue":"B11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98b6d4e4b0702d0e844cb5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, K.","contributorId":43660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lisowski, Michael 0000-0003-4818-2504 mlisowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4818-2504","contributorId":637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisowski","given":"Michael","email":"mlisowski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Segall, P.","contributorId":44231,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Segall","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":98868,"text":"sir20105207 - 2010 - Bathymetric surveys at highway bridges crossing the Missouri River in Kansas City, Missouri, using a multibeam echo sounder, 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:13","indexId":"sir20105207","displayToPublicDate":"2010-11-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5207","title":"Bathymetric surveys at highway bridges crossing the Missouri River in Kansas City, Missouri, using a multibeam echo sounder, 2010","docAbstract":"Bathymetric surveys were conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Missouri Department of Transportation, on the Missouri River in the vicinity of nine bridges at seven highway crossings in Kansas City, Missouri, in March 2010. A multibeam echo sounder mapping system was used to obtain channel-bed elevations for river reaches that ranged from 1,640 to 1,800 feet long and extending from bank to bank in the main channel of the Missouri River. These bathymetric scans will be used by the Missouri Department of Transportation to assess the condition of the bridges for stability and integrity with respect to bridge scour.\r\n\r\nBathymetric data were collected around every pier that was in water, except those at the edge of the water or in extremely shallow water, and one pier that was surrounded by a large debris raft. A scour hole was present at every pier for which bathymetric data could be obtained. The scour hole at a given pier varied in depth relative to the upstream channel bed, depending on the presence and proximity of other piers or structures upstream from the pier in question. The surveyed channel bed at the bottom of the scour hole was between 5 and 50 feet above bedrock.\r\n\r\nAt bridges with drilled shaft foundations, generally there was exposure of the upstream end of the seal course and the seal course often was undermined to some extent. At one site, the minimum elevation of the scour hole at the main channel pier was about 10 feet below the bottom of the seal course, and the sides of the drilled shafts were evident in a point cloud visualization of the data at that pier. However, drilled shafts generally penetrated 20 feet into bedrock. Undermining of the seal course was evident as a sonic 'shadow' in the point cloud visualization of several of the piers.\r\n\r\nLarge dune features were present in the channel at nearly all of the surveyed sites, as were numerous smaller dunes and many ripples. Several of the sites are on or near bends in the river, resulting in a deep channel thalweg on the outside of the bend at these sites. At structure A5817 on State Highway 269, bedrock exposure was evident in the channel thalweg. The surveyed channel bed at a given site from this study generally was lower than the channel bed obtained during Level II scour assessments in 2002.\r\n\r\nAt piers with well-defined scour holes, the frontal slopes of the holes were somewhat less than recommended values in the literature, and the shape of the holes appeared to be affected by the movement of dune features into and around the holes. The channel bed at all of the surveyed sites was lower than the channel bed at the time of construction, and an analysis of measurement data from the U.S. Geological Survey continuous streamflow-gaging station on the Missouri River at Kansas City, Missouri (station number 06893000), confirmed a lowering trend of the channel-bed elevations with time at the gaging station.\r\n\r\nThe size of the scour holes observed at the surveyed sites likely was affected by the moderate flood conditions on the Missouri River at the time of the surveys. The scour holes likely would be substantially smaller during conditions of low flow.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105207","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Missouri Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Huizinga, R.J., 2010, Bathymetric surveys at highway bridges crossing the Missouri River in Kansas City, Missouri, using a multibeam echo sounder, 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5207, x, 60 p.; Bathymetric survey maps in 11 x 17 format, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105207.","productDescription":"x, 60 p.; Bathymetric survey maps in 11 x 17 format","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2010-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126120,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5207.jpg"},{"id":14284,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5207/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.65027777777779,39.083333333333336 ], [ -94.65027777777779,39.150555555555556 ], [ -94.63444444444445,39.150555555555556 ], [ -94.63444444444445,39.083333333333336 ], [ -94.65027777777779,39.083333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ee4b07f02db640186","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huizinga, Richard J. 0000-0002-2940-2324 huizinga@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2940-2324","contributorId":2089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huizinga","given":"Richard","email":"huizinga@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":98859,"text":"ofr20101189 - 2010 - Preliminary assessment of trends in static water levels in bedrock wells in New Hampshire, 1984 to 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-08T21:14:19.977926","indexId":"ofr20101189","displayToPublicDate":"2010-11-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1189","title":"Preliminary assessment of trends in static water levels in bedrock wells in New Hampshire, 1984 to 2007","docAbstract":"<p>Analysis of nearly 60,000 reported values of static water level (SWL, as depth below land surface) in bedrock wells in New Hampshire, aggregated on a yearly basis, showed an apparent deepening of SWL of about 13 ft (4 m) over the period 1984&ndash;2007. Water-level data were one-time measurements at each well and were analyzed, in part, to determine if they were suitable for analysis of trends in groundwater levels across the state. Other well characteristics, however, also have been changing over time, such as total well depth, casing length, the length of casing in bedrock, and to some extent, well yield. Analyses indicated that many of the well construction variables are significantly correlated; the apparent declines in water levels may have been caused by some of these factors. Information on changes in water use for the period was not available, although water use may be an important factor affecting water levels.</p>\n<p>Multiple regression models were used to determine the simultaneous effects of important variables on SWLs statewide. Models also were generated for each county, and the model-calculated results for counties were generally similar to the results for the state wide models.</p>\n<p>The most significant predictors of mean SWL (aggregated by year and quarter) were total depth, the third quarter of the year (July&ndash;September), elevation, and height of well above minimum elevation within a 1,640-foot (500-meter) radius (hillslope factor). Casing length was a significant predictor of SWL for igneous-rock models and curvature of the land surface for metamorphic-rock models. Local geologic as well as landscape features appear to provide further explanation of SWL variation. For example, SWLs in wells completed in specific granites appear to be deeper than in other granites; this relation was also observed for different groups of metamorphic rocks.</p>\n<p>A more detailed examination of data from six towns that report frequent complaints about low water supply from bedrock aquifer wells showed that hillslope position may play a role in the availability of water in wells. SWLs were commonly deeper (greater depth to water) for wells with more than 100 ft (30 m) of relief between the well and the lowest land-surface elevation within 1,640 ft (500 m) of the well. For these high-relief wells, the depth to SWL was commonly greater for those that were on generally south-facing slopes, compared to wells on north-facing slopes.</p>\n<p>Concerns about wells with very little water-producing capacity in localized areas of some towns may be better understood by considering some of the relations identified in this study. For example, the data show that the position of a well on a hillslope affects the SWL depth in that well; however, the data also indicate that the average yield of the well is lower for hillslope wells than for wells in lower relief areas. This relation indicates that as the hillslope factor increases (and SWLs become deeper), the amount of available water in the wells decreases. Knowledge of this relation indicates that deeper wells may be needed in areas of higher relief.</p>\n<p>In areas with less extreme relief, the overall depths of wells have increased substantially more than the depths to the SWL. This indicates that the amount of water stored in wells (wellbore storage) has increased, and thus more water is available for use in the average well. As a result, more water may be used because it is available, possibly adding to the problem of local well interference or exacerbating drought-related well problems.</p>\n<p>These data provided an opportunity to examine groundwater-level conditions across the state; however, the bedrock wells used in this study would not be suitable for rigorous evaluation of trends in SWL across the state because the locations and characteristics of the wells vary with time. Further, these wells cannot substitute for a carefully designed network of wells selected for the sole purpose of monitoring trends in water levels over time. The SWL data may be useful in the design of a monitoring network, and continued collection of water-level data from the bedrock wells could be used to augment data from monitoring wells.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101189","usgsCitation":"Ayotte, J., Kernen, B.M., Wunsch, D.R., Argue, D.M., Bennett, D.S., and Mack, T.J., 2010, Preliminary assessment of trends in static water levels in bedrock wells in New Hampshire, 1984 to 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1189, vii, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101189.","productDescription":"vii, 30 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1984-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126122,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1189.jpg"},{"id":388974,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB 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