Basin-scale assessment of fish habitat in Great Lakes coastal ecosystems would increase our ability to prioritize fish habitat management and restoration actions. As a first step in this direction, we identified key habitat factors associated with highest probability of occurrence for several societally and ecologically important coastal fish species as well as community metrics, using data from the Great Lakes Aquatic Habitat Framework (GLAHF), Great Lakes Environmental Indicators (GLEI) and Coastal Wetland Monitoring Program (CWMP). Secondly, we assessed whether species-specific habitat was threatened by watershed-level anthropogenic stressors. In the southern Great Lakes, key habitat factors for determining presence/absence of several species of coastal fish were chlorophyll concentrations, turbidity, and wave height, whereas in the northern ecoprovince temperature was the major habitat driver for most of the species modeled. Habitat factors best explaining fish richness and diversity were bottom slope and chlorophyll a. These models could likely be further improved with addition of high-resolution submerged macrophytecomplexity data which are currently unavailable at the basin-wide scale. Proportion of invasive species was correlated primarily with increasing maximum observed inorganic turbidity and chlorophyll a. We also demonstrate that preferred habitat for several coastal species and high-diversity areas overlap with areas of high watershed stress. Great Lakes coastal wetland fish are a large contributor to ecosystem services as well as commercial and recreational fishery harvest, and scalable basin-wide habitat models developed in this study may be useful for informing management actions targeting specific species or overall coastal fish biodiversity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2018.07.007","usgsCitation":"Kovalenko, K.E., L.B. Johnson, Riseng, C.M., Cooper, M.J., Johnson, K., L. A. Mason, McKenna, J.E., Sparks-Jackson, B.L., and D.G. Uzarski, 2018, Great Lakes coastal fish habitat classification and assessment: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 44, no. 5, p. 1100-1109, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2018.07.007.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1100","endPage":"1109","ipdsId":"IP-099461","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":363174,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 49.5\n ],\n [\n -92,\n 49.5\n ],\n [\n -92,\n 40\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"44","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kovalenko, K. 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Jr. 0000-0002-1428-7597 jemckenna@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1428-7597","contributorId":195894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"James","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jemckenna@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sparks-Jackson, B. L.","contributorId":215016,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sparks-Jackson","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":39155,"text":"U. of Michigan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":761422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"D.G. Uzarski","contributorId":215017,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"D.G. Uzarski","affiliations":[{"id":13588,"text":"Central Michigan University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":761423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70227750,"text":"70227750 - 2018 - Persistence-based area prioritization for conservation: Applying occupancy and habitat threats and risks analyses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-28T15:30:42.063646","indexId":"70227750","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-01T09:24:24","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Persistence-based area prioritization for conservation: Applying occupancy and habitat threats and risks analyses","docAbstract":"Effective habitat conservation is predicated on maintaining high levels or increasing local persistence probability of the species it purports to protect. Thus, methodological approaches that improve the inferential value of local persistence are of utmost value to guide conservation planning as they inform area selection processes. Herein we used the painted bunting Passerina ciris, a species of conservation interest in North Carolina, as an illustrative case that combined single-season, single-species occupancy analyses and a threats and risk decision support tool to rank five areas of conservation interest in terms of local persistence probability. We used survey data from two seasons (2008–2009) grouped into 21 natal dispersal sampling units and land-cover data from 12 habitat classes to establish the relationship between local occupancy probability and habitat. Occupancy increased most strongly with increasing amount of maritime forest. Projections to year 2050, relative to year 2000, indicated that a potential loss of maritime forest of 200–1,300 ha, depending on the area of interest. Projected loss was lowest at Bald Head Island–Wilmington (2%) and highest at Camp Lejune (27%). Bald Head Island–Wilmington ranked highest in projected local persistence probability (0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.53–0.99), whereas Top Sail–Hammocks Beach Park ranked lowest (0.28; 95% CI = 0.03–0.82). Estimates of local persistence offer decision-makers another criterion to prioritize areas for conservation and help guide efforts aimed at maintaining or enhancing local persistence. These include in situ habitat management, expanding or connecting existing areas of interest. In the future, we recommend the use of multiseason occupancy models, coupled with measures of uncertainty of land-cover projections, to strengthen inferences about local persistence, particularly useful in nonstationary landscapes driven by human activities.
","language":"English","publisher":"Allen Press","doi":"10.3996/112017-JFWM-089","usgsCitation":"Yirka, L., Collazo, J.A., Williams, S.G., and Cobb, D.T., 2018, Persistence-based area prioritization for conservation: Applying occupancy and habitat threats and risks analyses: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 9, no. 2, p. 554-564, https://doi.org/10.3996/112017-JFWM-089.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"554","endPage":"564","ipdsId":"IP-091420","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468355,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/112017-jfwm-089","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395051,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.6126708984375,\n 33.80197351806589\n ],\n [\n -76.53350830078125,\n 33.80197351806589\n ],\n [\n -76.53350830078125,\n 34.87015842600913\n ],\n [\n -78.6126708984375,\n 34.87015842600913\n ],\n [\n -78.6126708984375,\n 33.80197351806589\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yirka, L. 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The effects of plague on prairie dogs and ferrets are mitigated using a deltamethrin pulicide dust that reduces the spread of plague by killing fleas, the vector for the plague bacterium. In portions of Conata Basin, Buffalo Gap National Grassland, and Badlands National Park, South Dakota, US, 0.05% deltamethrin has been infused into prairie dog burrows on an annual basis since 2005. We aimed to determine if fleas (Oropsylla hirsuta) in portions of the Conata Basin and Badlands National Park have evolved resistance to deltamethrin. We assessed flea prevalence, obtained by combing prairie dogs for fleas, as an indirect measure of resistance. Dusting was ineffective in two colonies treated with deltamethrin for >8 yr; flea prevalence rebounded within 1 mo of dusting. We used a bioassay that exposed fleas to deltamethrin to directly evaluate resistance. Fleas from colonies with >8 yr of exposure to deltamethrin exhibited survival rates that were 15% to 83% higher than fleas from sites that had never been dusted. All fleas were paralyzed or dead after 55 min. After removal from deltamethrin, 30% of fleas from the dusted colonies recovered, compared with 1% of fleas from the not-dusted sites. Thus, deltamethrin paralyzed fleas from colonies with long-term exposure to deltamethrin, but a substantial number of those fleas was resistant and recovered. Flea collections from live-trapped prairie dogs in Thunder Basin National Grassland, Wyoming, US, suggest that, in some cases, fleas might begin to develop a moderate level of resistance to deltamethrin after 5–6 yr of annual treatments. Restoration of black-footed ferrets and prairie dogs will rely on an adaptive, integrative approach to plague management, for instance involving the use of vaccines and rotating applications of insecticidal products with different active ingredients.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/2017-10-250","usgsCitation":"Eads, D.A., Biggins, D.E., Bowser, J., McAllister, J., Griebel, R., Childers, E., Livieri, T.M., Painter, C., Sterling Krank, L., and Bly, K., 2018, Resistance to deltamethrin in prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) fleas in the field and in the laboratory: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 54, no. 4, p. 745-754, https://doi.org/10.7589/2017-10-250.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"745","endPage":"754","ipdsId":"IP-089457","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460837,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6710209","text":"External Repository"},{"id":437732,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7PR7V5N","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data on deltamethrin resistance in 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Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sterling Krank, Lindsey","contributorId":279933,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sterling Krank","given":"Lindsey","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":57388,"text":"Humane Society of the United States","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Bly, Kristy","contributorId":279935,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bly","given":"Kristy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37767,"text":"World Wildlife Fund","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70228348,"text":"70228348 - 2018 - Effectiveness of ultrasonic imaging for evaluating presence and maturity of eggs in fishes in remote field locations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T18:41:05.914919","indexId":"70228348","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-30T12:35:34","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effectiveness of ultrasonic imaging for evaluating presence and maturity of eggs in fishes in remote field locations","docAbstract":"Ultrasonic imaging is an effective, nonlethal method used to determine sex and maturity in a variety of fishes. However, many previous studies of this technique have been performed in laboratory environments. Using Common Carp Cyprinus carpio, we developed a standardized method for ultrasonically scanning cyprinids, and we accurately sexed 78% (N = 58) of those individuals. We then applied this method to endangered Humpback Chub Gila cypha and obtained 751 scans of Humpback Chub in remote field locations within the Grand Canyon, Arizona. Ultrasonic scanning took less than 1 min per fish to perform, and we identified females containing eggs based on two jpeg images and one 10-s video clip. Using ImageJ software to evaluate ultrasonic scans of ovulatory, captive Humpback Chub, we determined that female fish were potentially ovulatory when scanned eggs exhibited an ImageJ brightness value within the range of 32–44. Although we could successfully evaluate egg maturity, we were unable to estimate egg mass. Fisheries managers can use this noninvasive scanning method or a similar technique in remote field locations to collect ultrasonic scans from cyprinids to determine their reproductive status.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/nafm.10200","usgsCitation":"Brizendine, M.E., Ward, D., and Bonar, S.A., 2018, Effectiveness of ultrasonic imaging for evaluating presence and maturity of eggs in fishes in remote field locations: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 38, no. 5, p. 1017-1026, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10200.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1017","endPage":"1026","ipdsId":"IP-098412","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468356,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10200","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395708,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brizendine, Morgan E.","contributorId":275268,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brizendine","given":"Morgan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40855,"text":"UA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ward, David 0000-0002-3355-0637","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3355-0637","contributorId":216231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bonar, Scott A. 0000-0003-3532-4067 sbonar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3532-4067","contributorId":3712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonar","given":"Scott","email":"sbonar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70200918,"text":"70200918 - 2018 - A regime shift in sediment export from a coastal watershed during a record wet winter, California: Implications for landscape response to hydroclimatic extremes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-15T12:21:36","indexId":"70200918","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-30T12:21:24","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1425,"text":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A regime shift in sediment export from a coastal watershed during a record wet winter, California: Implications for landscape response to hydroclimatic extremes","docAbstract":"Small, steep watersheds are prolific sediment sources from which sediment flux is highly sensitive to climatic changes. Storm intensity and frequency are widely expected to increase during the 21st century, and so assessing the response of small, steep watersheds to extreme rainfall is essential to understanding landscape response to climate change. During record winter rainfall in 2016–2017, the San Lorenzo River, coastal California, had nine flow peaks representing 2–10‐year flood magnitudes. By the third flood, fluvial suspended sediment showed a regime shift to greater and coarser sediment supply, coincident with numerous landslides in the watershed. Even with no singular catastrophic flood, these flows exported more than half as much sediment as had a 100‐year flood 35 years earlier, substantially enlarging the nearshore delta. Annual sediment load in 2017 was an order of magnitude greater than during an average‐rainfall year, and 500‐fold greater than in a recent drought. These anomalous sediment inputs are critical to the coastal littoral system, delivering enough sediment, sometimes over only a few days, to maintain beaches for several years. Future projections of megadroughts punctuated by major atmospheric‐river storm activity suggest that interannual sediment‐yield variations will become more extreme than today in the western USA, with potential consequences for coastal management, ecosystems, and water‐storage capacity. The occurrence of two years with major sediment export over the past 35 years that were not associated with extremes of the El Niño Southern Oscillation or Pacific Decadal Oscillation suggests caution in interpreting climatic signals from marine sedimentary deposits derived from small, steep, coastal watersheds, to avoid misinterpreting the frequencies of those cycles.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/esp.4415","usgsCitation":"East, A.E., Stevens, A.W., Ritchie, A.C., Barnard, P., Campbell‐Swarzenski, P., Collins, B.D., and Conaway, C., 2018, A regime shift in sediment export from a coastal watershed during a record wet winter, California: Implications for landscape response to hydroclimatic extremes: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 43, no. 12, p. 2562-2577, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.4415.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"2562","endPage":"2577","ipdsId":"IP-088636","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359464,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Lorenzo watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.25,\n 36.9167\n ],\n [\n -121.9167,\n 36.9167\n ],\n [\n -121.9167,\n 37.25\n ],\n [\n -122.25,\n 37.25\n ],\n [\n -122.25,\n 36.9167\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-06-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bee93e5e4b08f163c24a1bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"East, Amy E. 0000-0002-9567-9460 aeast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9567-9460","contributorId":196364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"East","given":"Amy","email":"aeast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":751279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stevens, Andrew W. 0000-0003-2334-129X astevens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2334-129X","contributorId":139313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Andrew","email":"astevens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":751280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ritchie, Andrew C. aritchie@usgs.gov","contributorId":4984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ritchie","given":"Andrew","email":"aritchie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":751281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barnard, Patrick L. 0000-0003-1414-6476 pbarnard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1414-6476","contributorId":147147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"Patrick L.","email":"pbarnard@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":751282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Campbell‐Swarzenski, Pamela L. 0000-0002-2232-6381","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2232-6381","contributorId":210642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell‐Swarzenski","given":"Pamela L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":751283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Collins, Brian D. 0000-0003-4881-5359 bcollins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4881-5359","contributorId":149278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Brian","email":"bcollins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":751285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Conaway, Christopher H. 0000-0002-0991-033X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0991-033X","contributorId":201932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conaway","given":"Christopher H.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":751284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70216764,"text":"70216764 - 2018 - Development of the Wildlife Adaptation Menu for Resource Managers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-14T17:48:28.022309","indexId":"70216764","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-30T11:46:19","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7468,"text":"Final Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"title":"Development of the Wildlife Adaptation Menu for Resource Managers","docAbstract":"The Climate Change Response Framework is an example of a collaborative, cross-boundary approach to create a set of tools, partnerships, and actions to support climate-informed conservation and land management. Historically, this effort has focused on the needs of forest managers and forestry professionals. In recent years, however, there has been increasing demand for science and tools to address climate change adaptation in wildlife management and conservation. Not only do wildlife and resource managers need the best available science, it must also be presented in a usable format with feasible options within the purview of an individual manager.
The research team is first completing a comprehensive review of peer-reviewed studies to summarize what wildlife-related management actions currently exist in climate change adaptation. They will then develop and test a “menu” of climate change adaptation actions that are suitable for wildlife management in terrestrial ecosystems. This Wildlife Adaptation Menu will be modeled off existing adaptation menus for Forestry and Urban Forestry, and it will be designed to be used in conjunction with the Adaptation Workbook. In addition to a menu of adaption strategies and approaches, the scientists will also identify site-level tactics and develop case studies demonstrating the use and implementation of the menu. To ensure that information and tools meet the needs of managers, the team is involving and integrating input from wildlife managers at every step of the process. Managers will be involved in scoping the project, testing the menu, and implementing the menu.
For millennia, wildfires have markedly influenced forests and non-forested landscapes of the western United States (US), and they are increasingly seen as having substantial impacts on society and nature. There is growing concern over what kinds and amounts of fire will achieve desirable outcomes and limit harmful effects on people and nature. Moreover, the increasing complexity surrounding cost and management of wildfires suggests that science should play a more prominent role in informing decisions about the need for fire in nature, and the need for society to adapt to the inevitable occurrence of different kinds and amounts of fire and smoke.
Scientists widely view the natural wildfire regime as essential to western US forest ecosystem functioning. However, debates continue over how much low-, moderate-, and high severity fire is “natural” or desirable in these forests. Ongoing disagreement centers on the characteristics and importance of historical proportions and patch size distributions of low-, moderate-, and high-severity fires of dry, moist, and cold forests, and on the ecological consequences of changing fire-patch patterns and relative abundances. Scientists also debate the relative importance of climate and extreme weather versus fuel as drivers of high-severity fire, as well as the effectiveness and value of fuel treatments for reducing risks of undesired fire effects.
Climate research shows that we should expect shifting future climates in all ecoregions. These expected changes make it difficult for scientists, land managers, and decision-makers to know the degree to which future forest management should be informed by historical conditions. There also is disagreement about how to make western forests more resilient to future disruptions in both climatic and fire regimes. To complicate matters, areas of scientific agreement -- the “common ground” shared by those in the research community -- are poorly articulated. Thus, the focus of the Fire Research Consensus (FRC) project has been to identify common ground among scientists, and provide a summary that can inform management. Land and fire managers are one audience for this report, as are stakeholders and the interested public.
Our analysis, which results from extensive scientific literature reviews and questionnaires sent to western fire scientists and land managers, is summarized in nine key
topics:
A. Fire history and fire ecology vary with geography.
B. Human impacts and management history vary with geography.
C. Fire is a keystone process, which occurs in almost all western US forest types.
D. Knowledge of historical range of variability (HRV) is useful but does not dictate land
management goals.
E. Forest structure, composition, and fuels have changed, affecting burn severity and
fire extent.
F. Climate and fuels both influence current fire sizes and their severities.
G. The role of changing climatic conditions is increasingly important.
H. Multiple fire ecology and fire history research approaches can be useful for
characterizing fire regimes.
I. Many existing fire management tools and strategies can be useful moving forward.
We found much common ground that will be useful to scientists, managers, citizens, and policy decision-makers. For example, there is wide agreement among scientists that fire is one of the most essential influences on western forests and that more fire is needed on most landscapes, but not all wildfire behavior or extent will do. Fires can produce more positive benefits and fewer negative impacts when they burn with an ecologically appropriate mix and pattern of low, moderate, and high severity. Managers will need assistance and funding to create landscape conditions that favor more desirable fire behavior at broad spatial scales. Note that much societal impact from western wildfires occurs in non-forested landscapes that are not covered in this report, where findings would differ from those reported here for forested landscapes. We summarize additional key points below.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis","usgsCitation":"Moritz, M.A., Topik, C., Allen, C.D., Hessburg, P.F., Morgan, P., Odion, D.C., Veblen, T.T., and McCullough, I.M., 2018, A statement of common ground regarding the role of wildfire in forested landscapes of the western United States: Final Report, 55 p.","productDescription":"55 p.","ipdsId":"IP-099757","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382548,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":382533,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nceas.ucsb.edu/snapp/fire-research-consensus"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Western United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.71679687499999,\n 31.952162238024975\n ],\n [\n -103.095703125,\n 31.952162238024975\n ],\n [\n -103.095703125,\n 48.69096039092549\n ],\n [\n -124.71679687499999,\n 48.69096039092549\n ],\n [\n -124.71679687499999,\n 31.952162238024975\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moritz, Max A.","contributorId":182434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moritz","given":"Max","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Topik, Chris","contributorId":248342,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Topik","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49864,"text":"The Nature Conservancy, North America Forest Restoration Program","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hessburg, Paul F.","contributorId":46481,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hessburg","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":12647,"text":"U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Morgan, Penelope","contributorId":127585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morgan","given":"Penelope","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Odion, Dennis C.","contributorId":248343,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Odion","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":28103,"text":"University of California - Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Veblen, Thomas T.","contributorId":218196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Veblen","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":36627,"text":"University of Colorado, Boulder","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McCullough, Ian M.","contributorId":149952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCullough","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70200786,"text":"70200786 - 2018 - United States bat species of concern: A synthesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-01T13:42:06","indexId":"70200786","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-28T13:37:47","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5773,"text":"Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4th series","onlineIssn":"0068-547X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"United States bat species of concern: A synthesis","docAbstract":"In 1994 the federal government designated 24 species or subspecies of bats in the United States (U.S.) and its territories as Category 2 candidates for listing as Endangered or Threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Category 2 was eliminated in 1996, but taxa previously receiving this designation were informally considered “species of concern”. Various state and federal agencies and conservation organizations assigned bat species of concern to more formal conservation categories. Some of the original 24 taxa designated as Category 2 candidates in 1994 were later listed as Endangered, whereas others were subject to refinements in knowledge of their taxonomy and distribution. The remaining 20 species of bats have the subjects of increased research efforts over the past two decades, and are the focus of this review. Two species occur in the U.S. Territories. All of the 18 mainland species ranges include areas west of the Mississippi River (15 are found primarily in western states), and 13 occur in California (72% of the 18 mainland species). In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the literature pertinent to the conservation designations, systematics, distribution, habitats, relative abundance, foraging, diet, roosting ecology, population ecology, and management of each of these 20 species. The species of concern are distributed among four families of bats. The Samoan flying fox (Pteropus samoensis) belong to the old-world family Pteropodidae. The California leaf-nosed bat (Macrotus californicus), red fruit bat (Stenoderma rufum), and Mexican long-tongued bat (Choeronycteris mexicana) are members of the new-world family Phyllostomidae. Three species belong to the cosmopolitan family Molossidae: the greater bonneted bat (Eumops perotis californicus), Underwood’s bonneted bat (Eumops underwoodi), and the big free-tailed bat (Nyctinomops macrotis). Most bat species of concern are in the globally distributed family Vespertilionidae: Townsend’s big-eared bat (Corynorhinus townsendii), Rafinesque’s big-eared bat (C. rafinesquii), spotted bat (Euderma maculatum), Allen’s big-eared bat (Idionycteris phyllotis), southeastern myotis (M. austroriparius), western small-footed myotis (Myotis ciliolabrum), long-eared myotis (M. evotis), eastern small-footed myotis (M. leibii), Arizona myotis (M. occultus), fringed myotis (M. thysanodes), cave myotis (M. velifer), long-legged myotis (M. volans), and Yuma myotis (M. yumanensis). An impressive amount of knowledge has accumulated about these species since their informal designation as species of concern, but this knowledge is unevenly distributed. Comparatively little research has been conducted on the Samoan flying fox and the red fruit bat over the past decade in tropical territories, nor on the Mexican long-tongued bat and Underwood’s mastiff bat in the southwestern U.S. Within temperate regions of the U.S., habitat use of two eastern species that roost in hollow trees or caves (southeastern myotis and Rafinesque’s big-eared bat) has been the focus of much research, as have aspects of the biology of cave-roosting and tree-roosting western species, particularly where information about management of forests, caves and abandoned mines can be used to benefit bat conservation. Comparatively less information has accrued about species that roost in rock crevices and high on cliff faces. Other major gaps in information are also identified. We anticipate that this review will help guide future research and conservation efforts directed at the bat species of concern.","language":"English","publisher":"California Academy of Sciences","usgsCitation":"O’Shea, T.J., Cryan, P.M., and Bogan, M.A., 2018, United States bat species of concern: A synthesis: Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4th series, v. 65, no. Supplement 1, p. 1-279.","startPage":"1","endPage":"279","ipdsId":"IP-090676","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359074,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":359054,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/izg/SciPubs2.html"}],"country":"United States","volume":"65","issue":"Supplement 1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a931e4b034bf6a7e508f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Shea, Thomas J. 0000-0002-0758-9730","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0758-9730","contributorId":207270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Shea","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cryan, Paul M. 0000-0002-2915-8894 cryanp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2915-8894","contributorId":147942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cryan","given":"Paul","email":"cryanp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bogan, Michael A.","contributorId":196745,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bogan","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":750508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70199790,"text":"70199790 - 2018 - Time series of high-resolution images enhances efforts to monitor post-fire condition and recovery, Waldo Canyon fire, Colorado, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-23T16:44:04","indexId":"70199790","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-28T13:04:11","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2083,"text":"International Journal of Wildland Fire","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Time series of high-resolution images enhances efforts to monitor post-fire condition and recovery, Waldo Canyon fire, Colorado, USA","docAbstract":"Interpretations of post-fire condition and rates of vegetation recovery can influence management priorities, actions and perception of latent risks from landslides and floods. In this study, we used the Waldo Canyon fire (2012, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA) as a case study to explore how a time series (2011–2016) of high-resolution images can be used to delineate burn extent and severity, as well as quantify post-fire vegetation recovery. We applied an object-based approach to map burn severity and vegetation recovery using Worldview-2, Worldview-3 and QuickBird-2 imagery. The burned area was classified as 51% high, 20% moderate and 29% low burn-severity. Across the burn extent, the shrub cover class showed a rapid recovery, resprouting vigorously within 1 year, whereas 4 years post-fire, areas previously dominated by conifers were divided approximately equally between being classified as dominated by quaking aspen saplings with herbaceous species in the understorey or minimally recovered. Relative to using a pixel-based Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), our object-based approach showed higher rates of revegetation. High-resolution imagery can provide an effective means to monitor post-fire site conditions and complement more prevalent efforts with moderate- and coarse-resolution sensors.
","language":"English","publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","doi":"10.1071/WF17177","usgsCitation":"Vanderhoof, M.K., Burt, C., and Hawbaker, T., 2018, Time series of high-resolution images enhances efforts to monitor post-fire condition and recovery, Waldo Canyon fire, Colorado, USA: International Journal of Wildland Fire, v. 27, no. 10, p. 699-713, https://doi.org/10.1071/WF17177.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"699","endPage":"713","ipdsId":"IP-093249","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437734,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9NWJQJR","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data release for Time series of high-resolution images enhances efforts to monitor post-fire condition and recovery, Waldo Canyon fire, Colorado, USA"},{"id":357904,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Waldo Canyon ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105,\n 38.8667\n ],\n [\n -104.8667,\n 38.8667\n ],\n [\n -104.8667,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -105,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -105,\n 38.8667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f85e4b0fc368eb5387b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vanderhoof, Melanie K. 0000-0002-0101-5533 mvanderhoof@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0101-5533","contributorId":168395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vanderhoof","given":"Melanie","email":"mvanderhoof@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burt, Clifton 0000-0001-5213-800X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5213-800X","contributorId":208271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burt","given":"Clifton","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hawbaker, Todd 0000-0003-0930-9154 tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-9154","contributorId":568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawbaker","given":"Todd","email":"tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70199792,"text":"70199792 - 2018 - Late-season movement and habitat use by Oregon spotted frogs (Rana pretiosa) in Oregon, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-28T12:56:43","indexId":"70199792","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-28T12:56:39","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1337,"text":"Copeia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Late-season movement and habitat use by Oregon spotted frogs (Rana pretiosa) in Oregon, USA","title":"Late-season movement and habitat use by Oregon spotted frogs (Rana pretiosa) in Oregon, USA","docAbstract":"Many amphibians use multiple habitats across seasons. Information on seasonal habitat use, movement between seasonal habitat types, and habitats that may be particularly valuable is important to conservation and management. We used radio-telemetry to study late-season movement and habitat use by Oregon Spotted Frog (Rana pretiosa) at nine sites from four populations along the Cascade Mountains in Oregon. Movement rates declined with date and were the lowest at the end of tracking in December and January. Frogs across our sites used vegetated shallows in late summer and early fall. In fall, frogs used a range of habitat types, and at several sites moved to distinctive habitats such as springs, interstices in lava rock, and semi-terrestrial beaver channels. Distance between first and last tracking location was <250 m for 84.5% (49/58) of frogs, ranged up to 1145 m, and was greater for frogs in ditch habitats than those not in ditches. Distinctive features like springs or semi-terrestrial retreats can host multiple frogs and may represent particularly valuable wintering habitat for R. pretiosa in some sites in their Oregon range.
","language":"English","publisher":"The American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists","doi":"10.1643/CH-18-031","usgsCitation":"Pearl, C., McCreary, B., Rowe, J., and Adams, M.J., 2018, Late-season movement and habitat use by Oregon spotted frogs (Rana pretiosa) in Oregon, USA: Copeia, v. 106, no. 3, p. 539-549, https://doi.org/10.1643/CH-18-031.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"539","endPage":"549","ipdsId":"IP-094229","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437735,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9UE9KW6","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Telemetry and habitat data for Oregon spotted frogs (Rana pretiosa) in Oregon, USA"},{"id":357903,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","volume":"106","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f85e4b0fc368eb5387d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearl, Christopher 0000-0003-2943-7321 christopher_pearl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2943-7321","contributorId":172669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearl","given":"Christopher","email":"christopher_pearl@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCreary, Brome 0000-0002-0313-7796 brome_mccreary@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0313-7796","contributorId":3130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCreary","given":"Brome","email":"brome_mccreary@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rowe, Jennifer 0000-0002-5253-2223 jrowe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5253-2223","contributorId":172670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowe","given":"Jennifer","email":"jrowe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Adams, M. J. 0000-0001-8844-042X mjadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8844-042X","contributorId":3133,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"M.","email":"mjadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70199794,"text":"70199794 - 2018 - Efficient delineation of nested depression hierarchy in digital elevation models for hydrological analysis using level-set method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-29T09:31:14","indexId":"70199794","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-28T12:54:22","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Efficient delineation of nested depression hierarchy in digital elevation models for hydrological analysis using level-set method","docAbstract":"In terrain analysis and hydrological modeling, surface depressions (or sinks) in a digital elevation model (DEM) are commonly treated as artifacts and thus filled and removed to create a depressionless DEM. Various algorithms have been developed to identify and fill depressions in DEMs during the past decades. However, few studies have attempted to delineate and quantify the nested hierarchy of actual depressions, which can provide crucial information for characterizing surface hydrologic connectivity and simulating the fill‐merge‐spill hydrological process. In this paper, we present an innovative and efficient algorithm for delineating and quantifying nested depressions in DEMs using the level‐set method based on graph theory. The proposed level‐set method emulates water level decreasing from the spill point along the depression boundary to the lowest point at the bottom of a depression. By tracing the dynamic topological changes (i.e., depression splitting/merging) within a compound depression, the level‐set method can construct topological graphs and derive geometric properties of the nested depressions. The experimental results of two fine‐resolution Light Detection and Ranging‐derived DEMs show that the raster‐based level‐set algorithm is much more efficient (~150 times faster) than the vector‐based contour tree method. The proposed level‐set algorithm has great potential for being applied to large‐scale ecohydrological analysis and watershed modeling.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.12689","usgsCitation":"Wu, Q., Lane, C., Wang, L., Vanderhoof, M.K., Christensen, J.R., and Liu, H., 2018, Efficient delineation of nested depression hierarchy in digital elevation models for hydrological analysis using level-set method: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 55, no. 2, p. 354-368, https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12689.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"354","endPage":"368","ipdsId":"IP-094162","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468357,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7995241","text":"External Repository"},{"id":357902,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f86e4b0fc368eb5387f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wu, Qiusheng","contributorId":208272,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wu","given":"Qiusheng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37769,"text":"Binghamton University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lane, Charles R.","contributorId":138991,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lane","given":"Charles R.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wang, Lei","contributorId":193279,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Lei","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vanderhoof, Melanie K. 0000-0002-0101-5533 mvanderhoof@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0101-5533","contributorId":168395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vanderhoof","given":"Melanie","email":"mvanderhoof@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Christensen, Jay R.","contributorId":179361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christensen","given":"Jay","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Liu, Hongxing","contributorId":38075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Hongxing","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70199795,"text":"70199795 - 2018 - A spatially discrete, integral projection model and its application to invasive carp","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-28T12:51:25","indexId":"70199795","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-28T12:51:17","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A spatially discrete, integral projection model and its application to invasive carp","docAbstract":"Natural resource managers and ecologists often desire an understanding of spatial dynamics such as migration, dispersion, and meta-population dynamics. Network-node models can capture these salient features. Additionally, the state-variable used with many species may be appropriately modeled as a continuous variable (e.g., length) and management activities sometimes can only target individuals of certain sizes. Integral projection models (IPMs) can capture this life history characteristic and allow for the examination of size-specific management. We combined an IPM with a network-node model to capture both of these salient features. We then demonstrated how this model could be used to understand and manage populations of invasive species focusing on grass carp as an example. Grass carp disrupt ecosystems outside of their native range and have spread around much of the world, including North America. The impacts of grass carp include adversely changing aquatic plant communities, which in turn affect a wide range of endpoints ranging from water quality to waterfowl recruitment. We specifically examined two theoretical systems using parameters from the literature. First, we modeled a lake with two tributaries and examined how modified sterile males could be used as a control tool. We found that modified sterile males may be a feasible control tool to limit population growth. Second, we modeled a series of river pools and examined how harvest and deterrents could be used to decrease the risk of expanding grass carp's range within a river system. Within this system, we also compared the impacts of size specific harvest and uniform harvest across all sizes. We found that targeting the largest, spawning populations may be more important than targeting the populations close to the invasion front for reducing the risk of spreading grass carp. We also demonstrate that size of harvested fish was important for controlling populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2018.09.006","usgsCitation":"Erickson, R.A., Eager, E.E., Kocovsky, P., Glover, D.C., Kallis, J.L., and Long, K.R., 2018, A spatially discrete, integral projection model and its application to invasive carp: Ecological Modelling, v. 387, p. 163-171, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2018.09.006.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"163","endPage":"171","ipdsId":"IP-094621","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468358,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2018.09.006","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437736,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9T9J3JU","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Spatially explicit integral projection model"},{"id":357901,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"387","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f86e4b0fc368eb53881","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erickson, Richard A. 0000-0003-4649-482X rerickson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4649-482X","contributorId":5455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"Richard","email":"rerickson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eager, Eric E.","contributorId":208273,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eager","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37770,"text":"UWL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kocovsky, Patrick 0000-0003-4325-4265 pkocovsky@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4325-4265","contributorId":150837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kocovsky","given":"Patrick","email":"pkocovsky@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Glover, David C.","contributorId":178006,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glover","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kallis, Jahn L.","contributorId":205603,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kallis","given":"Jahn","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Long, K. R.","contributorId":208274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Long","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36331,"text":"Texas Tech University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70199798,"text":"70199798 - 2018 - Spatial distribution of halogen oxides in the plume of Mount Pagan volcano, Mariana Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-23T16:44:51","indexId":"70199798","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-28T12:49:14","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial distribution of halogen oxides in the plume of Mount Pagan volcano, Mariana Islands","docAbstract":"Halogens are emitted from volcanoes primarily as hydrogen halides (HCl, HF, HBr, and HI). Upon mixing with the atmosphere, chlorine and bromine species are partially converted to the halogen oxides OClO and BrO. Here we report on the spatial distribution of BrO and OClO in the gas plume emitted from Mount Pagan volcano, Northern Mariana Islands. We found enhanced BrO/SO2 ratios near the plume edges and a lack of OClO in the plume's core. Our results highlight the importance of in‐mixing of atmospheric oxidants for halogen oxide formation. They indicate that OClO can only be formed after most bromide dissolved in plume aerosols has been released to the gas phase. We conclude that Mount Pagan's gas emissions originated from a shallow magma body and were transported to the surface along dry degassing pathways and that the volcano's halogen emissions likely had significant impact on the oxidation capacity of the downwind atmosphere.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2018GL079245","usgsCitation":"Kern, C., and Lyons, J.J., 2018, Spatial distribution of halogen oxides in the plume of Mount Pagan volcano, Mariana Islands: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 45, no. 18, p. 9588-9596, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL079245.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"9588","endPage":"9596","ipdsId":"IP-099293","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468359,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2018gl079245","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437737,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9VC7W2V","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy data acquired at Mount Pagan volcano (Mariana Islands) on 6 April 2014"},{"id":357900,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mariana Islands, Mount Pagan Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 145.72,\n 18.1\n ],\n [\n 145.86,\n 18.1\n ],\n [\n 145.86,\n 18.18\n ],\n [\n 145.72,\n 18.18\n ],\n [\n 145.72,\n 18.1\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"45","issue":"18","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f86e4b0fc368eb53883","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kern, Christoph 0000-0002-8920-5701 ckern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8920-5701","contributorId":3387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kern","given":"Christoph","email":"ckern@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lyons, John J. 0000-0001-5409-1698 jlyons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5409-1698","contributorId":5394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"John","email":"jlyons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70198291,"text":"ofr20181115 - 2018 - Depth to basement and thickness of unconsolidated sediments for the western United States—Initial estimates for layers of the U.S. Geological Survey National Crustal Model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-28T13:29:30","indexId":"ofr20181115","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-28T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-1115","title":"Depth to basement and thickness of unconsolidated sediments for the western United States—Initial estimates for layers of the U.S. Geological Survey National Crustal Model","docAbstract":"We present numeric grids containing estimates of the thickness of unconsolidated sediments and depth to the pre-Cenozoic
basement for the western United States. Values for these grids were combined and integrated from previous studies or derived
directly from gravity analyses. The grids are provided with 1-kilometer grid-node spacing in ScienceBase (https://www.sciencebase.gov).
These layers may be updated as results from new studies become available.
Director, Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS 973
Denver, CO 80225
Little is known about populations of Stonecat Noturus flavus, especially in the northeastern United States, where they are at the edge of their range. In Lake Champlain tributaries, Stonecats are listed as endangered in Vermont but not in New York. Here we describe the growth of Stonecats in two tributaries to Lake Champlain, one in Vermont (LaPlatte River), which was our primary interest, and one in New York (Great Chazy River), with von Bertalanffy growth models fit to lengths at the times of marking and recapture and to observed length and age data. We also compared growth of Stonecats in these waters to results from other locations near the middle of their distribution. Stonecats in the Great Chazy River were larger at ages 1–3, but similar in size for ages 4 and 5, than Stonecats from the LaPlatte River. Stonecats in Lake Champlain tributaries were generally larger at age than those from the middle of their range, except for those from Lake Erie. From our mean length‐at‐age results and previous literature estimates of length at maturity for Stonecats, it appears that Stonecats in Lake Champlain reach maturity by age 3, though future research that directly estimates age at maturity would be more informative. These results will help managers assess the effect of various environmental and human stressors that Stonecats have experienced in the Lake Champlain basin in recent years. Furthermore, our results expand the literature, which lacks information about growth of this species. Finally, our mark–recapture approach to estimating growth of Stonecats can be applied to other species, especially where data are limited because of their status, and in other systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/nafm.10230","usgsCitation":"Puchala, E., Parrish, D.L., and Ogle, D.H., 2018, Size and age of Stonecats in Lake Champlain; Estimating growth at the margin of their range to aid in population management: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 38, no. 6, p. 1316-1323, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10230.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1316","endPage":"1323","ipdsId":"IP-097102","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380303,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York, Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Great Chazy River, La Platte River, Lake Champlain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n 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Vermont","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":804383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parrish, Donna L. 0000-0001-9693-6329 dparrish@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9693-6329","contributorId":138661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrish","given":"Donna","email":"dparrish@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":804382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ogle, Derek H.","contributorId":73967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ogle","given":"Derek","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":804388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70227781,"text":"70227781 - 2018 - Integrating physiological stress into the movement ecology of migratory ungulates: A spatial analysis with mule deer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-31T16:45:58.555732","indexId":"70227781","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-28T10:30:35","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3919,"text":"Conservation Physiology","onlineIssn":"2051-1434","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrating physiological stress into the movement ecology of migratory ungulates: A spatial analysis with mule deer","docAbstract":"Rapid climate and human land-use change may limit the ability of long-distance migratory herbivores to optimally track or “surf” high-quality forage during spring green-up. Understanding how anthropogenic and environmental stressors influence migratory movements is of critical importance because of their potential to cause a mismatch between the timing of animal movements and the emergence of high-quality forage. We measured stress hormones (fecal glucocorticoid metabolites; FGMs) to test hypotheses about the effects of high-quality forage tracking, human land use, and use of stopover sites on the physiological state of individuals along a migratory route. We collected and analyzed FGM concentrations from 399 mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) samples obtained along a 241 km migratory route in western Wyoming, USA, during spring 2015 and 2016. In support of a fitness benefit hypothesis, individuals occupying areas closer to peak forage quality had decreased FGM levels. Specifically, for every 10-day interval closer to peak forage quality, we observed a 7% decrease in FGMs. Additionally, we observed support for both an additive anthropogenic stress hypothesis and a hypothesis that stopovers act as physiological refugia, wherein individuals sampled far from stopover sites exhibited 341% higher FGM levels if in areas of low landscape integrity compared to areas of high landscape integrity. Overall, our findings indicate that the physiological state of mule deer during migration is influenced by both anthropogenic disturbances and their ability to track high-quality forage. The availability of stopovers, however, modulates physiological responses to those stressors. Thus, our results support a recent call for the prioritization of stopover locations and connectivity between those locations in conservation planning for migratory large herbivores.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/conphys/coy054","usgsCitation":"Jachowski, D., Kauffman, M., Jesmer, B.R., Sawyer, H., and Millspaugh, J., 2018, Integrating physiological stress into the movement ecology of migratory ungulates: A spatial analysis with mule deer: Conservation Physiology, v. 6, no. 1, p. 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coy054.","productDescription":"coy054, 12 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","ipdsId":"IP-092704","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468360,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coy054","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395156,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Big Sandy River, Finger Lakes, Fremont Lake, Green River Valley, Hoback Basin, Red Desert, Wind River Mountain Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.05303955078125,\n 41.66470503009207\n ],\n [\n -108.71520996093749,\n 41.693424216151314\n ],\n [\n -108.97338867187499,\n 42.52069952914966\n ],\n [\n -109.57489013671875,\n 42.85583308674893\n ],\n [\n -109.68475341796875,\n 42.93430692117159\n ],\n [\n -109.786376953125,\n 43.014689161895184\n ],\n [\n -109.88800048828125,\n 43.10298826174054\n ],\n [\n -109.84405517578125,\n 43.48680489735277\n ],\n [\n -110.830078125,\n 43.369119087738554\n ],\n [\n -110.78338623046875,\n 43.08694333811321\n ],\n [\n -110.093994140625,\n 42.97250158602597\n ],\n [\n -110.05279541015625,\n 42.81555136172695\n ],\n [\n -109.7039794921875,\n 42.75104599038353\n ],\n [\n -109.23431396484375,\n 42.18986405028881\n ],\n [\n -109.20135498046875,\n 41.68316883525891\n ],\n [\n -109.05303955078125,\n 41.66470503009207\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jachowski, David S.","contributorId":228814,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jachowski","given":"David S.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kauffman, Matthew J. 0000-0003-0127-3900","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0127-3900","contributorId":202921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"Matthew","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":832214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jesmer, Brett R.","contributorId":200192,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jesmer","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":832215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sawyer, Hall","contributorId":39930,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sawyer","given":"Hall","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":832216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Millspaugh, Joshua J.","contributorId":11141,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Millspaugh","given":"Joshua J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":832217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70210081,"text":"70210081 - 2018 - The San Andreas Fault System--Complexities along a major transform fault system and relation to earthquake hazards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-13T14:33:48.440524","indexId":"70210081","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-28T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"10","title":"The San Andreas Fault System--Complexities along a major transform fault system and relation to earthquake hazards","docAbstract":"The San Andreas Fault System is a 1300-km-long transform boundary that accommodates motion between the North American and Pacific Plates. New technologies and data reveal rich details about the present configuration of faults, distribution of strain and associated seismic hazard on this complex network of faults. This contribution provides a brief summary of the geologic history of the San Andreas Fault System, followed by an introduction to recent research that has changed understanding of the hazards along the main faults. Organized by region, we highlight a selection of recent research using new geodetic techniques, improved topographic data, advanced geochronologic methods, and high-resolution geophysics. The contribution ends with a review of the historic earthquakes on the San Andreas and San Jacinto Faults, comparing these to past ruptures interpreted from paleoseismic studies.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transform plate boundaries and fracture zones","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-812064-4.00010-4","usgsCitation":"Scharer, K., and Streig, A., 2018, The San Andreas Fault System--Complexities along a major transform fault system and relation to earthquake hazards, chap. 10 of Transform plate boundaries and fracture zones, p. 249-269, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-812064-4.00010-4.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"249","endPage":"269","ipdsId":"IP-093013","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374754,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Andreas Fault","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.14672851562499,\n 34.34343606848294\n ],\n [\n -115.9442138671875,\n 34.34343606848294\n ],\n [\n -115.9442138671875,\n 35.43381992014202\n ],\n [\n -119.14672851562499,\n 35.43381992014202\n ],\n [\n -119.14672851562499,\n 34.34343606848294\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scharer, Katherine M. 0000-0003-2811-2496","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2811-2496","contributorId":217361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scharer","given":"Katherine M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":789032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Streig, Ashley","contributorId":189716,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Streig","given":"Ashley","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70198296,"text":"sir20185102 - 2018 - Groundwater contributions to excessive algal growth in the East Fork Carson River, Carson Valley, west-central Nevada, 2010 and 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-28T16:55:22","indexId":"sir20185102","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-28T09:17:05","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-5102","title":"Groundwater contributions to excessive algal growth in the East Fork Carson River, Carson Valley, west-central Nevada, 2010 and 2012","docAbstract":"Excessive algal growth and low dissolved oxygen concentrations were observed during low streamflow conditions during summer months along a 5,800-foot reach of the East Fork Carson River in Carson Valley, west-central Nevada. Algal growth from nutrient enrichment of a stream reduces aquatic diversity, threatens fish ecology and stream health, and can be a recreational nuisance. In response to concerns that groundwater discharging to the 5,800-foot reach of the East Fork Carson River may be a source of nutrients to the stream, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Carson Water Subconservancy District and the Nevada Division of Environmental Protection, conducted studies during the summers of 2010 and 2012 to gain an improved understanding of the contributions of nutrients to the stream from groundwater, characterize algal conditions and algal effects on water quality, assess potential sources of nitrate in groundwater discharging to the stream, and evaluate nitrate reduction in groundwater from denitrification.
A reconnaissance study in the summer of 2010 along the 5,800-foot study reach located a subreach with clear evidence of nutrient-rich groundwater discharging to the stream. At the subreach, nitrate plus nitrite (referred to hereafter as nitrate) concentrations in groundwater discharging to the stream were high (average 2.75 milligrams per liter as nitrogen) along the right bank. The stream at this location had the highest stream nitrate concentrations (average 0.056 milligrams per liter as nitrogen) compared to other locations upstream and downstream of the subreach. As a result, the 2012 study focused on a 405-foot subreach of the East Fork Carson River centered where results from the 2010 study found the highest stream and groundwater concentrations of nitrate, as well as the greatest observed contributions of groundwater discharge to the stream.
Groundwater nutrient concentrations were much higher than stream nutrient concentrations during the summer of 2012 during low streamflow conditions at the 405-foot subreach of the East Fork Carson River. Average groundwater nitrate and orthophosphate concentrations along the right bank of the 405‑foot subreach were 9 and 12 times higher, respectively, than in the stream at this subreach. Groundwater discharge rates to the study reach based on different methods varied from 0.09 to 1.2 cubic feet per second per mile. Estimated groundwater discharge rates to the right bank of the study subreach were used to calculate groundwater nutrient load estimates to the subreach right bank, which were found to be low when compared to stream nutrient loads.
Elevated algal biomass levels above nuisance thresholds were observed during the summers of 2010 and 2012. The study reach was characterized as mesotrophic-eutrophic during the 2010 study and eutrophic during the 2012 study. The presence of algae caused daily dissolved oxygen and pH fluctuations in the stream, resulting in exceedances of the State of Nevada water-quality standards owing to low dissolved oxygen concentrations and high pH concentrations, although the standards might not have been applicable during 2012 because of extremely low streamflow.
The addition of nutrients to the stream from the constant supply in groundwater discharge sustains the growth of algae during low streamflow conditions. In the summer when streamflow is low or very low, nutrient-rich groundwater discharge enters the stream through the sediment-water interface at the streambed. Because the attached algae is thick and stream velocity is low, the nutrient-rich water pools at the sediment-water interface. Higher nutrient concentrations at the streambed create a favorable microenvironment for algae attached to the substrate to consume available nutrients from the groundwater before the groundwater mixes with overlying stream water.
The source of nitrate in groundwater in this subreach is anthropogenic because nitrate concentrations are greater than background groundwater nitrate concentrations in Douglas County, high groundwater nitrate concentrations are only found at the right bank of the stream near a housing development, and organic wastewater compounds indicative of human-derived sources were also detected in groundwater wells on the right bank of the stream. Nitrogen and oxygen isotope concentrations of nitrate in shallow groundwater were used to determine the specific source of the nitrate, but the isotopic values indicated denitrification was occurring. Further investigation is needed to determine the specific anthropogenic source of the nitrate in the groundwater because the denitrification present in all samples obscures the original source of nitrogen.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20185102","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Carson Water Subconservancy District and Nevada Division of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Alvarez, N.L., Pahl, R.A, and Rosen, M.R., 2018, Groundwater contributions to excessive algal growth in the East Fork Carson River, Carson Valley, west-central Nevada, 2010 and 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018–5102, 94 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185102.","productDescription":"Report: xii, 94 p.; Data release","numberOfPages":"110","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-045681","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357719,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5102/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":357720,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5102/sir20185102.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2018-5102"},{"id":357725,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7C53K4Q","linkHelpText":"Supplemental data for groundwater contributions to excessive algal growth in the East Fork Carson River, Carson Valley, west-central Nevada, 2010 and 2012"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"East Fork Carson River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.7989,\n 38.94\n ],\n [\n -119.7714,\n 38.94\n ],\n [\n -119.7714,\n 38.97\n ],\n [\n -119.7989,\n 38.97\n ],\n [\n -119.7989,\n 38.94\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
Nevada Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2730 N. Deer Run Rd.
Carson City, NV 89701
Using a geology-based assessment methodology, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated undiscovered, technically recoverable mean resources of 1.1 billion barrels of oil and 793 billion cubic feet of gas in the Putumayo-Oriente-Marañón Basin Province of Colombia, Ecuador, and Perú.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20183048","usgsCitation":"Schenk, C.J., Mercier, T.J., Pitman, J.K., Finn, T.M., Le, P.A., Gaswirth, S.B., Marra, K.R., and Leathers-Miller, H.M., 2018, Assessment of continuous oil and gas resources of the Putumayo- Oriente-Marañón Basin Province of Colombia, Ecuador, and Perú, 2018: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2018–3048, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20183048.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-097191","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357629,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2018/3048/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":357630,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2018/3048/fs20183048.pdf","text":"Report","size":"11.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2018-3048"}],"country":"Colombia, Ecuador, Perú","otherGeospatial":"Putumayo-Oriente-Marañón Basin Province","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.5,\n -7\n ],\n [\n -75,\n -7\n ],\n [\n -75,\n 2\n ],\n [\n -78.5,\n 2\n ],\n [\n -78.5,\n -7\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-939
Denver, CO 80225-0046
Human impact, particularly land cover changes (e.g., agriculture, construction) increase erosion and sediment loading into streams. Benthic species are negatively affected by silt deposition that coats and embeds stream substrate. Given that riparian buffers are effective sediment filters, riparian restoration is increasingly implemented by conservation groups to protect stream habitats. Limited funding and a multitude of impaired streams warrant the need for cost-effective prioritization of potential restoration actions. We created a decision-support framework for conservation agencies and aquatic resource managers to prioritize riparian restoration efforts. Our framework integrates GIS data and field surveys into a statistical model to predict instream silt from estimates of upland soil loss and riparian filtration capacity. We focus specifically on prioritizing sites in upper sections of the Roanoke and Nottoway river basins (Virginia, US) based on observed records of Roanoke logperch (Percina rex), an imperiled sediment-sensitive species. Our statistical approach examines soil characteristics, land cover, precipitation, topography, and annual soil loss estimates from the empirically derived Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation, combined with land cover-based riparian filtration capacity as potential stream habitat predictors. We found riparian filtration capacity to be a significant predictor of silt cover, while precipitation was a significant predictor of embeddedness. Spatial scale was also a factor, in that spatial variance in silt cover and embeddedness was more accurately predicted at smaller spatial extents. Ultimately, our model can be used as a prioritization tool for mitigating high siltation areas, or for protecting low soil erosion areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00267-018-1078-6","usgsCitation":"Scott, L.N., Villamagna, A.M., and Angermeier, P., 2018, A new modeling approach to prioritize riparian restoration to reduce sediment loading in two Virginia river basins: Environmental Management, v. 62, no. 4, p. 721-739, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-018-1078-6.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"721","endPage":"739","ipdsId":"IP-090172","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468362,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99269","text":"External Repository"},{"id":357850,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, Virginia","volume":"62","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f87e4b0fc368eb5388b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, Lisa N.","contributorId":208250,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scott","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":35056,"text":"Plymouth State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Villamagna, Amy M.","contributorId":201421,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Villamagna","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Angermeier, Paul L. 0000-0003-2864-170X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2864-170X","contributorId":204519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angermeier","given":"Paul L.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70199768,"text":"70199768 - 2018 - Diel fledging patterns among grassland passerines: Relative impacts of energetics and predation risk","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-27T14:23:05","indexId":"70199768","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-27T14:22:54","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diel fledging patterns among grassland passerines: Relative impacts of energetics and predation risk","docAbstract":"The time of day that nestlings fledge from a nest is thought to be shaped by predation risk and energetics. To minimize predation risk, fledging is predicted to start as early in the day as possible so that nestlings can maximize time outside the nest to find a safe place to stay before nightfall. Fledging times are predicted to be tightly grouped and to not be affected by the number of nestlings, given that all nestlings are responding to the same relative risk of predation. Conversely, energetic considerations predict that fledging time of day should vary so that nestlings can maximize energy intake before having to forage for themselves. However, data to evaluate the relative importance of these drivers in grassland birds are scarce because of the difficulty of observing nestlings as they fledge. We used nest surveillance video from 178 nests to evaluate how the initiation and duration of fledging varied among 7 grassland passerine species, as well as by the number of nestlings in the nest and fledging date. Fledging initiation varied most strongly by species, with some effects of date. Across species, the median start time of fledging was 4.55 hr after sunrise. Fledging before the solstice started ∼30 min earlier compared to fledging at or after the solstice. Fledging duration increased with number of nestlings in the nest and was spread over >1 day in 21% of nests. While our results primarily supported the hypothesis that fledging is motivated by energetic considerations, additional data on basic life history traits and behavior will be needed to fully understand how fledging grassland birds balance energetics against predation risk.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/AUK-17-213.1","usgsCitation":"Ribic, C., Ng, C., Koper, N., Ellison, K., Pietz, P., and Rugg, D.J., 2018, Diel fledging patterns among grassland passerines: Relative impacts of energetics and predation risk: The Auk, v. 135, no. 4, p. 1100-1112, https://doi.org/10.1642/AUK-17-213.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1100","endPage":"1112","ipdsId":"IP-090183","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468363,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1642/AUK-17-213.1","text":"External Repository"},{"id":357849,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"135","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f87e4b0fc368eb5388d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ribic, Christine 0000-0003-2583-1778 caribic@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2583-1778","contributorId":147952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ribic","given":"Christine","email":"caribic@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5068,"text":"Midwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ng, Christoph","contributorId":208253,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ng","given":"Christoph","affiliations":[{"id":16603,"text":"University of Manitoba","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koper, Nicola","contributorId":208255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koper","given":"Nicola","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ellison, Kevin","contributorId":208254,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ellison","given":"Kevin","affiliations":[{"id":37767,"text":"World Wildlife Fund","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pietz, Pamela J. ppietz@usgs.gov","contributorId":2382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pietz","given":"Pamela J.","email":"ppietz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":746537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rugg, David J.","contributorId":171931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rugg","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70199765,"text":"70199765 - 2018 - Sensor suite: The Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory Instrumentation Testing Suite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T09:11:54","indexId":"70199765","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-27T14:20:11","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sensor suite: The Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory Instrumentation Testing Suite","docAbstract":"To standardize parameters used in seismometer testing and calibration and to make these algorithms accessible to the seismological community, we have developed a new seismometer testing software package called Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory (ASL) Sensor Test Suite. This software is written in Java and makes use of Seismological Exchange for Earthquake Data (SEED) format. Our goal is not to be all‐inclusive but instead to focus on a few of the instrumentation tests we view as critical when verifying a sensor’s performance. The tests include self‐noise, relative azimuth, relative gain, and estimation of the poles and zeros. For the self‐noise and the relative azimuth, we also include three‐component versions of these tests to allow for the case of sensors with potentially different orientations (e.g., boreholes). The software has been made available on GitHub with the hope that it will be useful for other seismologists who need to quickly verify various sensor parameters without having to write their own versions of the algorithms. Furthermore, by using a common platform and processing algorithms, it becomes possible to compare results among different tests with similar processing methods being used for both.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220180174","usgsCitation":"Kearns, A., Ringler, A.T., Holland, J., Storm, T., Wilson, D.C., and Anthony, R.E., 2018, Sensor suite: The Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory Instrumentation Testing Suite: Seismological Research Letters, v. 89, no. 6, p. 2374-2385, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220180174.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2374","endPage":"2385","ipdsId":"IP-100486","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437738,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9XXBOVR","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"ASL Sensor Test Suite"},{"id":357847,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f87e4b0fc368eb5388f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kearns, A.","contributorId":208247,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kearns","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37766,"text":"KBRwyle Technology Solutions Incorporated","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ringler, Adam T. 0000-0002-9839-4188 aringler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-4188","contributorId":145576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ringler","given":"Adam","email":"aringler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holland, James 0000-0002-6973-9722 jholland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6973-9722","contributorId":208248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holland","given":"James","email":"jholland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Storm, Tyler 0000-0002-6787-9545 tstorm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6787-9545","contributorId":152165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storm","given":"Tyler","email":"tstorm@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wilson, David C. 0000-0003-2582-5159 dwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2582-5159","contributorId":145580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"David","email":"dwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Anthony, Robert 0000-0001-7089-8846 reanthony@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7089-8846","contributorId":202829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anthony","given":"Robert","email":"reanthony@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70199746,"text":"70199746 - 2018 - Effects of leg flags on nest survival of four species of Arctic‐breeding shorebirds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-27T14:17:35","indexId":"70199746","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-27T14:17:31","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of leg flags on nest survival of four species of Arctic‐breeding shorebirds","docAbstract":"Marking wild birds is an integral part of many field studies. However, if marks affect the vital rates or behavior of marked individuals, any conclusions reached by a study might be biased relative to the general population. Leg bands have rarely been found to have negative effects on birds and are frequently used to mark individuals. Leg flags, which are larger, heavier, and might produce more drag than bands, are commonly used on shorebirds and can help improve resighting rates. However, no one to date has assessed the possible effects of leg flags on the demographic performance of shorebirds. At seven sites in Arctic Alaska and western Canada, we marked individuals and monitored nest survival of four species of Arctic‐breeding shorebirds, including Semipalmated Sandpipers (Calidris pusilla), Western Sandpipers (C. mauri), Red‐necked Phalaropes (Phalaropus lobatus), and Red Phalaropes (P. fulicarius). We used a daily nest survival model in a Bayesian framework to test for effects of leg flags, relative to birds with only bands, on daily survival rates of 1952 nests. We found no evidence of a difference in nest survival between birds with flags and those with only bands. Our results suggest, therefore, that leg flags have little effect on the nest success of Arctic‐breeding sandpipers and phalaropes. Additional studies are needed, however, to evaluate the possible effects of flags on shorebirds that use other habitats and on survival rates of adults and chicks.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jofo.12264","usgsCitation":"Weiser, E.L., Lanctot, R., Brown, S.C., Gates, H.R., Bentzen, R.L., Boldenow, M.L., Cunningham, J.A., Doll, A.C., Donnelly, T., English, W.B., Franks, S.E., Grond, K., Herzog, P., Hill, B.L., Kendall, S.J., Kwon, E., Lank, D.B., Liebezeit, J.R., Rausch, J., Saalfeld, S.T., Taylor, A.R., Ward, D.H., Wood, P., and Sandercock, B.K., 2018, Effects of leg flags on nest survival of four species of Arctic‐breeding shorebirds: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 89, no. 3, p. 287-297, https://doi.org/10.1111/jofo.12264.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"287","endPage":"297","ipdsId":"IP-098142","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468364,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jofo.12264","text":"External Repository"},{"id":357846,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f88e4b0fc368eb53891","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weiser, Emily L. 0000-0003-1598-659X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1598-659X","contributorId":206605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiser","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":65299,"text":"Alaska Science Center Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lanctot, Richard B.","contributorId":77879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lanctot","given":"Richard B.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Stephen C. 0000-0002-0421-1660","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0421-1660","contributorId":208214,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37764,"text":"Shorebird Recovery Program","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gates, H. River","contributorId":138969,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gates","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"River","affiliations":[{"id":12600,"text":"ABR, Inc. – Environmental Research and Services","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bentzen, Rebecca L.","contributorId":208215,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bentzen","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13272,"text":"Wildlife Conservation Society","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Boldenow, Megan L.","contributorId":203662,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boldenow","given":"Megan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":36677,"text":"Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska 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