{"pageNumber":"797","pageRowStart":"19900","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46882,"records":[{"id":70035908,"text":"70035908 - 2009 - Variations in population exposure and sensitivity to lahar hazards from Mount Rainier, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-23T11:38:20","indexId":"70035908","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variations in population exposure and sensitivity to lahar hazards from Mount Rainier, Washington","docAbstract":"Although much has been done to understand, quantify, and delineate volcanic hazards, there are fewer efforts to assess societal vulnerability to these hazards, particularly demographic differences in exposed populations or spatial variations in exposure to regional hazards. To better understand population diversity in volcanic hazard zones, we assess the number and types of people in a single type of hazard zone (lahars) for 27 communities downstream of Mount Rainier, Washington (USA). Using various socioeconomic and hazard datasets, we estimate that there are more than 78 000 residents, 59 000 employees, several dependent-population facilities (e.g., child-day-care centers, nursing homes) and numerous public venues (e.g., churches, hotels, museums) in a Mount Rainier lahar-hazard zone. We find that communities vary in the primary category of individuals in lahar-prone areas-exposed populations are dominated by residents in some communities (e.g., Auburn), employees in others (e.g., Tacoma), and tourists likely outnumber both of these groups in yet other areas (e.g., unincorporated Lewis County). Population exposure to potential lahar inundation varies considerably-some communities (e.g., Auburn) have large numbers of people but low percentages of them in hazard zones, whereas others (e.g., Orting) have fewer people but they comprise the majority of a community. A composite lahar-exposure index is developed to help emergency managers understand spatial variations in community exposure to lahars and results suggest that Puyallup has the highest combination of high numbers and percentages of people and assets in lahar-prone areas. Risk education and preparedness needs will vary based on who is threatened by future lahars, such as residents, employees, tourists at a public venue, or special-needs populations at a dependent-care facility. Emergency managers must first understand the people whom they are trying to prepare before they can expect these people to take protective measures after recognizing natural cues or receiving an official lahar warning.","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2009.09.019","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Wood, N., and Soulard, C., 2009, Variations in population exposure and sensitivity to lahar hazards from Mount Rainier, Washington: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 188, no. 4, p. 367-378, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2009.09.019.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"367","endPage":"378","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243899,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216058,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2009.09.019"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount Rainier","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.94137573242186,\n              46.79911935722295\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.50741577148439,\n              46.79911935722295\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.50741577148439,\n              46.930572093016316\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.94137573242186,\n              46.930572093016316\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.94137573242186,\n              46.79911935722295\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"188","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc183e4b08c986b32a5fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, N.","contributorId":82554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Soulard, C.","contributorId":107961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soulard","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035745,"text":"70035745 - 2009 - A less field-intensive robust design for estimating demographic parameters with Mark-resight data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:51","indexId":"70035745","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A less field-intensive robust design for estimating demographic parameters with Mark-resight data","docAbstract":"The robust design has become popular among animal ecologists as a means for estimating population abundance and related demographic parameters with mark-recapture data. However, two drawbacks of traditional mark-recapture are financial cost and repeated disturbance to animals. Mark-resight methodology may in many circumstances be a less expensive and less invasive alternative to mark-recapture, but the models developed to date for these data have overwhelmingly concentrated only on the estimation of abundance. Here we introduce a mark-resight model analogous to that used in mark-recapture for the simultaneous estimation of abundance, apparent survival, and transition probabilities between observable and unobservable states. The model may be implemented using standard statistical computing software, but it has also been incorporated into the freeware package Program MARK. We illustrate the use of our model with mainland New Zealand Robin (Petroica australis) data collected to ascertain whether this methodology may be a reliable alternative for monitoring endangered populations of a closely related species inhabiting the Chatham Islands. We found this method to be a viable alternative to traditional mark-recapture when cost or disturbance to species is of particular concern in long-term population monitoring programs. ?? 2009 by the Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/08-0973.1","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"McClintock, B., and White, G.C., 2009, A less field-intensive robust design for estimating demographic parameters with Mark-resight data: Ecology, v. 90, no. 2, p. 313-320, https://doi.org/10.1890/08-0973.1.","startPage":"313","endPage":"320","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476331,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/08-0973.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":216461,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/08-0973.1"},{"id":244332,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e436e4b0c8380cd464e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McClintock, B.T.","contributorId":29108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClintock","given":"B.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, Gary C.","contributorId":26256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037097,"text":"70037097 - 2009 - A historical perspective on the \"fish tumors or other deformities\" beneficial use impairment at Great Lakes Areas of Concern","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-08T08:48:28","indexId":"70037097","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A historical perspective on the \"fish tumors or other deformities\" beneficial use impairment at Great Lakes Areas of Concern","docAbstract":"The Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement defines Areas of Concern as geographic areas that fail to meet the general or specific objectives of the agreement where such failure has caused or is likely to cause impairment of beneficial use of the area's ability to support aquatic life. One of the beneficial use impairments, fish tumors or other deformities, is defined by the International Joint Commission to occur when the incidence rate of fish tumors and other deformities exceeds rates at unimpacted or control sites, or when survey data confirm the presence of neoplastic or preneoplastic liver tumors in bullhead or suckers. Brown bullhead, a benthic species with a limited home range, have frequently been used as indicator species in U.S. Areas of Concern. While there is strong field evidence for an association between PAH exposure and hepatic neoplasia in brown bullhead, laboratory investigations would strengthen the association. There is less evidence linking specific classes of chemicals in the environment to orocutaneous neoplasia in brown bullhead. Studies on orocutaneous neoplasia of brown bullhead should focus on assessing the presence or absence of viruses and on epidermal exposure to specific chemicals and chemical mixtures. Lastly, the effects of covariates such as length, age, and gender on the prevalence of liver and skin neoplasms should be investigated. This paper reviews the state of science on the fish tumors or other deformities beneficial use impairment. Subsequent papers address specific issues related to this impairment and provide recommendations for standardized criteria.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2009.07.005","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Rafferty, S., Blazer, V., Pinkney, A., Grazio, J., Obert, E., and Boughton, L., 2009, A historical perspective on the \"fish tumors or other deformities\" beneficial use impairment at Great Lakes Areas of Concern: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 35, no. 4, p. 496-506, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2009.07.005.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"496","endPage":"506","costCenters":[{"id":418,"text":"National Fish Health Research Laboratory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217277,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2009.07.005"},{"id":245210,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e421e4b0c8380cd46424","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rafferty, S.D.","contributorId":28453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rafferty","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blazer, V. S. 0000-0001-6647-9614","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":56991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"V. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pinkney, A.E.","contributorId":87501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pinkney","given":"A.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grazio, J.L.","contributorId":64485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grazio","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Obert, E.C.","contributorId":38808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Obert","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Boughton, L.","contributorId":23364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boughton","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70036918,"text":"70036918 - 2009 - Process recognition in multi-element soil and stream-sediment geochemical data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036918","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Process recognition in multi-element soil and stream-sediment geochemical data","docAbstract":"Stream-sediment and soil geochemical data from the Upper and Lower Coastal Plains of South Carolina (USA) were studied to determine relationships between soils and stream sediments. From multi-element associations, characteristic compositions were determined for both media. Primary associations of elements reflect mineralogy, including heavy minerals, carbonates and clays, and the effects of groundwater. The effects of groundwater on element concentrations are more evident in soils than stream sediments. A \"winnowing index\" was created using ratios of Th to Al that revealed differing erosional and depositional environments. Both soils and stream sediments from the Upper and Lower Coastal Plains show derivation from similar materials and subsequent similar multi-element relationships, but have some distinct differences. In the Lower Coastal Plain, soils have high values of elements concentrated in heavy minerals (Ce, Y, Th) that grade into high values of elements concentrated into finer-grain-size, lower-density materials, primarily comprised of carbonates and feldspar minerals (Mg, Ca, Na, K, Al). These gradational trends in mineralogy and geochemistry are inferred to reflect reworking of materials during marine transgressions and regressions. Upper Coastal Plain stream-sediment geochemistry shows a higher winnowing index relative to soil geochemistry. A comparison of the 4 media (Upper Coastal Plain soils and stream sediments and Lower Coastal Plain soils and stream sediments) shows that Upper Coastal Plain stream sediments have a higher winnowing index and a higher concentration of elements contained within heavy minerals, whereas Lower Coastal Plain stream sediments show a strong correlation between elements typically contained within clays. It is not possible to calculate a functional relationship between stream sediment-soil compositions for all elements due to the complex history of weathering, deposition, reworking and re-deposition. However, depending on the spatial separation of the stream-sediment and soil samples, some elements are more highly correlated than others. Crown Copyright ?? 2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.04.024","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Grunsky, E., Drew, L., and Sutphin, D.M., 2009, Process recognition in multi-element soil and stream-sediment geochemical data: Applied Geochemistry, v. 24, no. 8, p. 1602-1616, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.04.024.","startPage":"1602","endPage":"1616","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217664,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.04.024"},{"id":245621,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8d89e4b0c8380cd7ec99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grunsky, E.C.","contributorId":91718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grunsky","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drew, L.J.","contributorId":69157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drew","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sutphin, D. M.","contributorId":27424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutphin","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70036966,"text":"70036966 - 2009 - Estimating avian population size using Bowden's estimator","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-08T12:29:12","indexId":"70036966","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating avian population size using Bowden's estimator","docAbstract":"<p><span>Avian researchers often uniquely mark birds, and multiple estimators could be used to estimate population size using individually identified birds. However, most estimators of population size require that all sightings of marked birds be uniquely identified, and many assume homogeneous detection probabilities. Bowden's estimator can incorporate sightings of marked birds that are not uniquely identified and relax assumptions required of other estimators. I used computer simulation to evaluate the performance of Bowden's estimator for situations likely to be encountered in bird studies. When the assumptions of the estimator were met, abundance and variance estimates and confidence-interval coverage were accurate. However, precision was poor for small population sizes (N &lt; 50) unless a large percentage of the population was marked (&gt;75%) and multiple (≥8) sighting surveys were conducted. If additional birds are marked after sighting surveys begin, it is important to initially mark a large proportion of the population (</span><i>p<sub>m</sub> </i><span>≥ 0.5 if </span><i>N</i><span> ≤ 100 or </span><i>p<sub>m</sub> </i><span>&gt; 0.1 if </span><i>N</i><span> ≥ 250) and minimize sightings in which birds are not uniquely identified; otherwise, most population estimates will be overestimated by &gt;10%. Bowden's estimator can be useful for avian studies because birds can be resighted multiple times during a single survey, not all sightings of marked birds have to uniquely identify individuals, detection probabilities among birds can vary, and the complete study area does not have to be surveyed. I provide computer code for use with pilot data to design mark-resight surveys to meet desired precision for abundance estimates.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1525/auk.2009.08041","issn":"00048038","usgsCitation":"Diefenbach, D., 2009, Estimating avian population size using Bowden's estimator: The Auk, v. 126, no. 1, p. 211-217, https://doi.org/10.1525/auk.2009.08041.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"211","endPage":"217","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476145,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/auk.2009.08041","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245503,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"126","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b0ce4b0c8380cd52537","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Diefenbach, Duane R. 0000-0001-5111-1147","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5111-1147","contributorId":106592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diefenbach","given":"Duane R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70036967,"text":"70036967 - 2009 - Estimating 3D variation in active-layer thickness beneath arctic streams using ground-penetrating radar","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036967","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating 3D variation in active-layer thickness beneath arctic streams using ground-penetrating radar","docAbstract":"We acquired three-dimensional (3D) ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data across three stream sites on the North Slope, AK, in August 2005, to investigate the dependence of thaw depth on channel morphology. Data were migrated with mean velocities derived from multi-offset GPR profiles collected across a stream section within each of the 3D survey areas. GPR data interpretations from the alluvial-lined stream site illustrate greater thaw depths beneath riffle and gravel bar features relative to neighboring pool features. The peat-lined stream sites indicate the opposite; greater thaw depths beneath pools and shallower thaw beneath the connecting runs. Results provide detailed 3D geometry of active-layer thaw depths that can support hydrological studies seeking to quantify transport and biogeochemical processes that occur within the hyporheic zone.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.05.011","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Brosten, T., Bradford, J., McNamara, J.P., Gooseff, M., Zarnetske, J., Bowden, W., and Johnston, M., 2009, Estimating 3D variation in active-layer thickness beneath arctic streams using ground-penetrating radar: Journal of Hydrology, v. 373, no. 3-4, p. 479-486, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.05.011.","startPage":"479","endPage":"486","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217551,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.05.011"},{"id":245504,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"373","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0afbe4b0c8380cd524ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brosten, T.R.","contributorId":35985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brosten","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradford, J.H.","contributorId":22606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McNamara, J. P.","contributorId":105551,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McNamara","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gooseff, M.N.","contributorId":21668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gooseff","given":"M.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zarnetske, J.P.","contributorId":11032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zarnetske","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bowden, W.B.","contributorId":83237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowden","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Johnston, M.E.","contributorId":92081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70035631,"text":"70035631 - 2009 - Habitat-specific breeder survival of Florida Scrub-Jays: Inferences from multistate models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:51","indexId":"70035631","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat-specific breeder survival of Florida Scrub-Jays: Inferences from multistate models","docAbstract":"Quantifying habitat-specific survival and changes in habitat quality within disturbance-prone habitats is critical for understanding population dynamics and variation in fitness, and for managing degraded ecosystems. We used 18 years of color-banding data and multistate capture-recapture models to test whether habitat quality within territories influences survival and detection probability of breeding Florida Scrub-Jays (Aphelocoma coerulescens) and to estimate bird transition probabilities from one territory quality state to another. Our study sites were along central Florida's Atlantic coast and included two of the four largest metapopulations within the species range. We developed Markov models for habitat transitions and compared these to bird transition probabilities. Florida Scrub-Jay detection probabilities ranged from 0.88 in the tall territory state to 0.99 in the optimal state; detection probabilities were intermediate in the short state. Transition probabilities were similar for birds and habitat in grid cells mapped independently of birds. Thus, bird transitions resulted primarily from habitat transitions between states over time and not from bird movement. Survival ranged from 0.71 in the short state to 0.82 in the optimal state, with tall states being intermediate. We conclude that average Florida Scrub-Jay survival will remain at levels that lead to continued population declines because most current habitat quality is only marginally suitable across most of the species range. Improvements in habitat are likely to be slow and difficult because tall states are resistant to change and the optimal state represents an intermediate transitional stage. The multistate modeling approach to quantifying survival and habitat transition probabilities is useful for quantifying habitat transition probabilities and comparing them to bird transition probabilities to test for habitat selection in dynamic environments. ?? 2009 by the Ecological society ot America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/08-1123.1","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"Breininger, D., Nichols, J., Carter, G., and Oddy, D., 2009, Habitat-specific breeder survival of Florida Scrub-Jays: Inferences from multistate models: Ecology, v. 90, no. 11, p. 3180-3189, https://doi.org/10.1890/08-1123.1.","startPage":"3180","endPage":"3189","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":501653,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://stars.library.ucf.edu/facultybib2000/7048","text":"External Repository"},{"id":216188,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/08-1123.1"},{"id":244041,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2f4ce4b0c8380cd5cc75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Breininger, D.R.","contributorId":62856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breininger","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carter, G.M.","contributorId":54429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oddy, D.M.","contributorId":30845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oddy","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037075,"text":"70037075 - 2009 - Development of a liquefaction hazard screening tool for caltrans bridge sites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:09","indexId":"70037075","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Development of a liquefaction hazard screening tool for caltrans bridge sites","docAbstract":"We have developed a liquefaction hazard screening tool for the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) that is being used to evaluate the liquefaction hazard to approximately 13,000 bridge sites in California. Because of the large number of bridge sites to be evaluated, we developed a tool that makes use of parameters not typically considered in site-specific liquefaction investigations. We assessed geologic, topographic, seismic hazard, and subsurface conditions at about 100 sites of past liquefaction in California. Among the parameters we found common to many of these sites are: (a) low elevations, (b) proximity to a water body, and (c) presence of geologically youthful deposits or artificial fill materials. The nature of the study necessitated the use of readily available data, preferably datasets that are consistent across the state. The screening tool we provided to Caltrans makes use of the following parameters: (1) proximity to a water body, (2) whether the bridge crosses a water body, (3) the age of site geologic materials and the environment in which the materials were deposited, as discerned from available digital geologic maps, (4) probabilistic shaking estimates, (5) the site elevation, (6) information from available liquefaction hazard maps [covering the 9-county San Francisco Bay Area and Ventura County] and California Geological Survey (CGS) Zones of Required Investigation. For bridge sites at which subsurface boring data were available (from CGS' existing database), we calculated Displacement Potential Index values using a methodology developed by Allison Faris and Jiaer Wu. Caltrans' staff will use this hazard-screening tool, along with other tools focused on bridges and foundations, to prioritize site-specific investigations. ?? 2009 ASCE.","largerWorkTitle":"TCLEE 2009: Lifeline Earthquake Engineering in a Multihazard Environment","conferenceTitle":"2009 ASCE Technical Council on Lifeline Earthquake Engineering Conference, TCLEE 2009: Lifeline Earthquake Engineering in a Multihazard Environment","conferenceDate":"28 June 2009 through 1 July 2009","conferenceLocation":"Oakland, CA","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/41050(357)55","isbn":"9780784410509","usgsCitation":"Knudsen, K.L., Bott, J., Woods, M., and McGuire, T., 2009, Development of a liquefaction hazard screening tool for caltrans bridge sites, <i>in</i> TCLEE 2009: Lifeline Earthquake Engineering in a Multihazard Environment, v. 357, Oakland, CA, 28 June 2009 through 1 July 2009, https://doi.org/10.1061/41050(357)55.","startPage":"55","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217422,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41050(357)55"},{"id":245368,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"357","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a003be4b0c8380cd4f660","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knudsen, Kathy L.","contributorId":41188,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knudsen","given":"Kathy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bott, J.D.J.","contributorId":80519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bott","given":"J.D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woods, M.O.","contributorId":69820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woods","given":"M.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McGuire, T.L.","contributorId":11036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036969,"text":"70036969 - 2009 - Intercomparison, interpretation, and assessment of spring phenology in North America estimated from remote sensing for 1982-2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T10:40:05","indexId":"70036969","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intercomparison, interpretation, and assessment of spring phenology in North America estimated from remote sensing for 1982-2006","docAbstract":"<p><span>Shifts in the timing of spring phenology are a central feature of global change research. Long-term observations of plant phenology have been used to track vegetation responses to climate variability but are often limited to particular species and locations and may not represent synoptic patterns. Satellite remote sensing is instead used for continental to global monitoring. Although numerous methods exist to extract phenological timing, in particular start-of-spring (SOS), from time series of reflectance data, a comprehensive intercomparison and interpretation of SOS methods has not been conducted. Here, we assess 10 SOS methods for North America between 1982 and 2006. The techniques include consistent inputs from the 8&nbsp;km Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer NDVIg dataset, independent data for snow cover, soil thaw, lake ice dynamics, spring streamflow timing, over 16&nbsp;000 individual measurements of ground-based phenology, and two temperature-driven models of spring phenology. Compared with an ensemble of the 10 SOS methods, we found that individual methods differed in average day-of-year estimates by ±60 days and in standard deviation by ±20 days. The ability of the satellite methods to retrieve SOS estimates was highest in northern latitudes and lowest in arid, tropical, and Mediterranean ecoregions. The ordinal rank of SOS methods varied geographically, as did the relationships between SOS estimates and the cryospheric/hydrologic metrics. Compared with ground observations, SOS estimates were more related to the first leaf and first flowers expanding phenological stages. We found no evidence for time trends in spring arrival from ground- or model-based data; using an ensemble estimate from two methods that were more closely related to ground observations than other methods, SOS trends could be detected for only 12% of North America and were divided between trends towards both earlier and later spring.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01910.x","issn":"13541013","usgsCitation":"White, M., de Beurs, K., Didan, K., Inouye, D., Richardson, A., Jensen, O., O'Keefe, J., Zhang, G., Nemani, R., van, L.W., Brown, J.F., de Wit, A., Schaepman, M., Lin, X., Dettinger, M., Bailey, A., Kimball, J., Schwartz, M., Baldocchi, D.D., Lee, J., and Lauenroth, W., 2009, Intercomparison, interpretation, and assessment of spring phenology in North America estimated from remote sensing for 1982-2006: Global Change Biology, v. 15, no. 10, p. 2335-2359, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01910.x.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"2335","endPage":"2359","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501067,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/intercomparison-interpretation-and-assessment-of-spring-phenology","text":"External Repository"},{"id":245534,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217581,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01910.x"}],"volume":"15","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3cf1e4b0c8380cd63189","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, M.A.","contributorId":8312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"de Beurs, K. M.","contributorId":28839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"de Beurs","given":"K. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Didan, K.","contributorId":25356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Didan","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Inouye, D.W.","contributorId":53136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Inouye","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":458757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Richardson, A.D.","contributorId":10629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jensen, O.P.","contributorId":15865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jensen","given":"O.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"O'Keefe, J.","contributorId":65698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Keefe","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Zhang, G.","contributorId":12636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Nemani, R.R.","contributorId":51133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nemani","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"van, Leeuwen W.J.D. W.J.D.","contributorId":54826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van","given":"Leeuwen","suffix":"W.J.D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Brown, Jesslyn F. 0000-0002-9976-1998 jfbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9976-1998","contributorId":3241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Jesslyn","email":"jfbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":458755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"de Wit, A.","contributorId":25390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"de Wit","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Schaepman, M.","contributorId":24527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaepman","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Lin, X.","contributorId":99805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Dettinger, M. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":78909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Bailey, A.S.","contributorId":97352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Kimball, J.","contributorId":75786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimball","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Schwartz, M.D.","contributorId":83468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schwartz","given":"M.D.","affiliations":[{"id":7200,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":458764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Baldocchi, D. D.","contributorId":99709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baldocchi","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Lee, J.T.","contributorId":59659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Lauenroth, W.K.","contributorId":59755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lauenroth","given":"W.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21}]}}
,{"id":70035875,"text":"70035875 - 2009 - Broadband records of earthquakes in deep gold mines and a comparison with results from SAFOD, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T15:11:27","indexId":"70035875","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Broadband records of earthquakes in deep gold mines and a comparison with results from SAFOD, California","docAbstract":"<p><span>For one week during September 2007, we deployed a temporary network of field recorders and accelerometers at four sites within two deep, seismically active mines. The ground-motion data, recorded at 200&nbsp;samples/sec, are well suited to determining source and ground-motion parameters for the mining-induced earthquakes within and adjacent to our network. Four earthquakes with magnitudes close to 2 were recorded with high signal/noise at all four sites. Analysis of seismic moments and peak velocities, in conjunction with the results of laboratory stick-slip friction experiments, were used to estimate source processes that are key to understanding source physics and to assessing underground seismic hazard. The maximum displacements on the rupture surfaces can be estimated from the parameter&nbsp;</span><span id=\"inline-formula-1\" class=\"inline-formula\"><span class=\"highwire-responsive-lazyload\"><img class=\"highwire-embed  lazyloaded\" src=\"http://bssa.geoscienceworld.org/sites/default/files/highwire/ssabull/99/5/2815/embed/inline-graphic-1.gif\" alt=\"Embedded Image\" data-src=\"http://bssa.geoscienceworld.org/sites/default/files/highwire/ssabull/99/5/2815/embed/inline-graphic-1.gif\" data-mce-src=\"http://bssa.geoscienceworld.org/sites/default/files/highwire/ssabull/99/5/2815/embed/inline-graphic-1.gif\"></span></span><span>, where<span>&nbsp;</span></span><span id=\"inline-formula-2\" class=\"inline-formula\"><span class=\"highwire-responsive-lazyload\"><img class=\"highwire-embed  lazyloaded\" src=\"http://bssa.geoscienceworld.org/sites/default/files/highwire/ssabull/99/5/2815/embed/inline-graphic-2.gif\" alt=\"Embedded Image\" data-src=\"http://bssa.geoscienceworld.org/sites/default/files/highwire/ssabull/99/5/2815/embed/inline-graphic-2.gif\" data-mce-src=\"http://bssa.geoscienceworld.org/sites/default/files/highwire/ssabull/99/5/2815/embed/inline-graphic-2.gif\"></span></span><span><span>&nbsp;</span>is the peak ground velocity at a given recording site, and<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>R</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>is the hypocentral distance. For each earthquake, the maximum slip and seismic moment can be combined with results from laboratory friction experiments to estimate the maximum slip rate within the rupture zone. Analysis of the four<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>M</i><span>&nbsp;2 earthquakes recorded during our deployment and one of special interest recorded by the in-mine seismic network in 2004 revealed maximum slips ranging from 4 to 27&nbsp;mm and maximum slip rates from 1.1 to 6.3 m/sec. Applying the same analyses to an<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>M</i><span>&nbsp;2.1 earthquake within a cluster of repeating earthquakes near the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth site, California, yielded similar results for maximum slip and slip rate, 14&nbsp;mm and 4.0 m/sec.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120080336","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"McGarr, A.F., Boettcher, M., Fletcher, J.P., Sell, R., Johnston, M.J., Durrheim, R., Spottiswoode, S., and Milev, A., 2009, Broadband records of earthquakes in deep gold mines and a comparison with results from SAFOD, California: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 99, no. 5, p. 2815-2824, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120080336.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2815","endPage":"2824","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-010470","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476379,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.583.3861","text":"External Repository"},{"id":216496,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120080336"},{"id":244370,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"99","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f286e4b0c8380cd4b218","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGarr, Arthur F. 0000-0001-9769-4093 mcgarr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9769-4093","contributorId":3178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGarr","given":"Arthur","email":"mcgarr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":452862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boettcher, M.","contributorId":28828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boettcher","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fletcher, Jon Peter B. 0000-0001-8885-6177 jfletcher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8885-6177","contributorId":1216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fletcher","given":"Jon","email":"jfletcher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Peter B.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":452858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sell, Russell rwsell@usgs.gov","contributorId":3218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sell","given":"Russell","email":"rwsell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":452861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnston, Malcolm J. S. 0000-0003-4326-8368 mal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4326-8368","contributorId":622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"Malcolm","email":"mal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":452865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Durrheim, R.","contributorId":93304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durrheim","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Spottiswoode, S.","contributorId":30366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spottiswoode","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Milev, A.","contributorId":82945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milev","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70036723,"text":"70036723 - 2009 - Feature pruning by upstream drainage area to support automated generalization of the United States National Hydrography Dataset","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:01","indexId":"70036723","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1317,"text":"Computers, Environment and Urban Systems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Feature pruning by upstream drainage area to support automated generalization of the United States National Hydrography Dataset","docAbstract":"The United States Geological Survey has been researching generalization approaches to enable multiple-scale display and delivery of geographic data. This paper presents automated methods to prune network and polygon features of the United States high-resolution National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) to lower resolutions. Feature-pruning rules, data enrichment, and partitioning are derived from knowledge of surface water, the NHD model, and associated feature specification standards. Relative prominence of network features is estimated from upstream drainage area (UDA). Network and polygon features are pruned by UDA and NHD reach code to achieve a drainage density appropriate for any less detailed map scale. Data partitioning maintains local drainage density variations that characterize the terrain. For demonstration, a 48 subbasin area of 1:24 000-scale NHD was pruned to 1:100 000-scale (100 K) and compared to a benchmark, the 100 K NHD. The coefficient of line correspondence (CLC) is used to evaluate how well pruned network features match the benchmark network. CLC values of 0.82 and 0.77 result from pruning with and without partitioning, respectively. The number of polygons that remain after pruning is about seven times that of the benchmark, but the area covered by the polygons that remain after pruning is only about 10% greater than the area covered by benchmark polygons. ?? 2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Computers, Environment and Urban Systems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2009.07.004","issn":"01989715","usgsCitation":"Stanislawski, L., 2009, Feature pruning by upstream drainage area to support automated generalization of the United States National Hydrography Dataset: Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, v. 33, no. 5, p. 325-333, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2009.07.004.","startPage":"325","endPage":"333","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217879,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2009.07.004"},{"id":245852,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f45e4b0c8380cd53841","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stanislawski, L.V.","contributorId":73442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanislawski","given":"L.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70035465,"text":"70035465 - 2009 - Petrology and geochronology of crustal xenoliths from the Bering Strait region: Linking deep and shallow processes in extending continental crust","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:56","indexId":"70035465","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Petrology and geochronology of crustal xenoliths from the Bering Strait region: Linking deep and shallow processes in extending continental crust","docAbstract":"Petrologic, geochemical, and metamorphic data on gneissic xenoliths derived from the middle and lower crust in the Neogene Bering Sea basalt province, coupled with U-Pb geochronology of their zircons using sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe-reverse geometry (SHRIMP-RG), yield a detailed comparison between the P-T-t and magmatic history of the lower crust and magmatic, metamorphic, and deformational history of the upper crust. Our results provide unique insights into the nature of lithospheric processes that accompany the extension of continental crust. The gneissic, mostly maficxenoliths (constituting less than two percent of the total xenolith population) from lavas in the Enmelen, RU, St. Lawrence, Nunivak, and Seward Peninsula fields most likely originated through magmatic fractionation processes with continued residence at granulite-facies conditions. Zircon single-grain ages (n ??? 125) are interpreted as both magmatic and metamorphic and are entirely Cretaceous to Paleocene in age (ca. 138-60 Ma). Their age distributions correspond to the main ages of magmatism in two belts of supracrustal volcanic and plutonic rocks in the Bering Sea region. Oscillatory-zoned igneous zircons, Late Cretaceous to Paleocene metamorphic zircons and overgrowths, and lack of any older inheritance in zircons from the xenoliths provide strong evidence for juvenile addition of material to the crust at this time. Surface exposures of Precambrian and Paleozoic rocks locally reached upper amphibolite-facies (sillimanite grade) to granulite-facies conditions within a series of extension-related metamorphic culminations or gneiss domes, which developed within the Cretaceous magmatic belt. Metamorphic gradients and inferred geotherms (??30-50 ??C/km) from both the gneiss domes and xenoliths aretoo high to be explained by crustal thickening alone. Magmatic heat input from the mantle is necessary to explain both the petrology of the magmas and elevated metamorphic temperatures. Deep-crustal seismic-reflection and refraction data reveal a 30-35-km-thick crust, a sharp Moho and refl ective lower and middle crust. Velocities do not support a largely mafic (underplated) lower crust, but together with xenolith data suggest that Late Cretaceous to early Paleocene maficintrusions are likely increasingly important with depth in the crust and that the elevated temperatures during granulite-facies metamorphism led to large-scale flow of crustal rocks to produce gneiss domes and the observed subhorizontal refl ectivity of the crust. This unique combined data set for the Bering Shelf region provides compelling evidence for the complete reconstitution/re-equilibration of continental crust from the bottom up during mantle-driven magmatic events associated with crustal extension. Thus, despite Precambrian and Paleozoic rocks at the surface and Alaska's accretionary tectonic history, it is likely that a significant portion of the Bering Sea region lower crust is much younger and related to post-accretionary tectonic and magmatic events. ?? 2009 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2009.2456(02)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Akinin, V., Miller, E.L., and Wooden, J.L., 2009, Petrology and geochronology of crustal xenoliths from the Bering Strait region: Linking deep and shallow processes in extending continental crust: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 456, p. 39-68, https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.2456(02).","startPage":"39","endPage":"68","numberOfPages":"30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215132,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2009.2456(02)"},{"id":242910,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"456","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a781fe4b0c8380cd7863e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Akinin, V.V.","contributorId":49583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Akinin","given":"V.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, E. L.","contributorId":75583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wooden, J. L.","contributorId":58678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035518,"text":"70035518 - 2009 - Invasive species information networks: Collaboration at multiple scales for prevention, early detection, and rapid response to invasive alien species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-10T16:18:55","indexId":"70035518","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1004,"text":"Biodiversity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Invasive species information networks: Collaboration at multiple scales for prevention, early detection, and rapid response to invasive alien species","docAbstract":"Accurate analysis of present distributions and effective modeling of future distributions of invasive alien species (IAS) are both highly dependent on the availability and accessibility of occurrence data and natural history information about the species. Invasive alien species monitoring and detection networks (such as the Invasive Plant Atlas of New England and the Invasive Plant Atlas of the MidSouth) generate occurrence data at local and regional levels within the United States, which are shared through the US National Institute of Invasive Species Science. The Inter-American Biodiversity Information Network's Invasives Information Network (I3N), facilitates cooperation on sharing invasive species occurrence data throughout the Western Hemisphere. The I3N and other national and regional networks expose their data globally via the Global Invasive Species Information Network (GISIN). International and interdisciplinary cooperation on data sharing strengthens cooperation on strategies and responses to invasions. However, limitations to effective collaboration among invasive species networks leading to successful early detection and rapid response to invasive species include: lack of interoperability; data accessibility; funding; and technical expertise. This paper proposes various solutions to these obstacles at different geographic levels and briefly describes success stories from the invasive species information networks mentioned above. Using biological informatics to facilitate global information sharing is especially critical in invasive species science, as research has shown that one of the best indicators of the invasiveness of a species is whether it has been invasive elsewhere. Data must also be shared across disciplines because natural history information (e.g. diet, predators, habitat requirements, etc.) about a species in its native range is vital for effective prevention, detection, and rapid response to an invasion. Finally, it has been our experience that sharing information, including invasive species dispersal mechanisms and rates, impacts, and prevention and control strategies, enables resource managers and decision-makers to mount a more effective response to biological invasions.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/14888386.2009.9712839","usgsCitation":"Simpson, A., Jarnevich, C.S., Madsen, J., Westbrooks, R.G., Fournier, C., Mehrhoff, L., Browne, M., Graham, J., and Sellers, E.A., 2009, Invasive species information networks: Collaboration at multiple scales for prevention, early detection, and rapid response to invasive alien species: Biodiversity, v. 10, no. 2-3, p. 5-13, https://doi.org/10.1080/14888386.2009.9712839.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"5","endPage":"13","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37226,"text":"Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Libraries","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244380,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3e26e4b0c8380cd63b4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simpson, Annie 0000-0001-8338-5134 asimpson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8338-5134","contributorId":127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simpson","given":"Annie","email":"asimpson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":208,"text":"Core Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jarnevich, Catherine S. 0000-0002-9699-2336 jarnevichc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9699-2336","contributorId":3424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarnevich","given":"Catherine","email":"jarnevichc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Madsen, John","contributorId":178747,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Madsen","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Westbrooks, Randy G.","contributorId":147074,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Westbrooks","given":"Randy","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fournier, Christine","contributorId":178748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fournier","given":"Christine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mehrhoff, Les","contributorId":178749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mehrhoff","given":"Les","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Browne, Michael","contributorId":178752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Browne","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Graham, Jim","contributorId":37608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Jim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sellers, Elizabeth A. 0000-0003-4676-2994 esellers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4676-2994","contributorId":4704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sellers","given":"Elizabeth","email":"esellers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":208,"text":"Core Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70036083,"text":"70036083 - 2009 - Using the Sonoran Desert test site to monitor the long-term radiometric stability of the Landsat TM/ETM+ and Terra MODIS sensors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-19T14:18:38.696349","indexId":"70036083","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Using the Sonoran Desert test site to monitor the long-term radiometric stability of the Landsat TM/ETM+ and Terra MODIS sensors","docAbstract":"Pseudo-invariant ground targets have been extensively used to monitor the long-term radiometric calibration stability of remote sensing instruments. The NASA MODIS Characterization Support Team (MCST), in collaboration with members from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center, has previously demonstrated the use of pseudo-invariant ground sites for the long-term stability monitoring of Terra MODIS and Landsat 7 ETM+ sensors. This paper focuses on the results derived from observations made over the Sonoran Desert. Additionally, Landsat 5 TM data over the Sonoran Desert site were used to evaluate the temporal stability of this site. Top-ofatmosphere (TOA) reflectances were computed for the closely matched TM, ETM+, and MODIS spectral bands over selected regions of interest. The impacts due to different viewing geometries, or the effect of test site Bi-directional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF), are also presented. ?? 2009 SPIE.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Atmospheric and Environmental Remote Sensing Data Processing and Utilization V: Readiness for GEOSS III","conferenceDate":"Aug 5-6, 2009","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA","language":"English","publisher":"SPIE","doi":"10.1117/12.825075","usgsCitation":"Angal, A., Xiong, X., Choi, T., Chander, G., and Wu, A., 2009, Using the Sonoran Desert test site to monitor the long-term radiometric stability of the Landsat TM/ETM+ and Terra MODIS sensors, <i>in</i> Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, v. 7456, San Diego, CA, Aug 5-6, 2009, 745606, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.825075.","productDescription":"745606","ipdsId":"IP-015217","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246528,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7456","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc0b3e4b08c986b32a290","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Angal, A.","contributorId":52716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angal","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xiong, X.","contributorId":37885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xiong","given":"X.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Choi, T.","contributorId":48698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choi","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chander, G.","contributorId":51449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chander","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wu, A.","contributorId":44019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70036997,"text":"70036997 - 2009 - High-quality unsaturated zone hydraulic property data for hydrologic applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-08T07:47:51","indexId":"70036997","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High-quality unsaturated zone hydraulic property data for hydrologic applications","docAbstract":"In hydrologic studies, especially those using dynamic unsaturated zone moisture modeling, calculations based on property transfer models informed by hydraulic property databases are often used in lieu of measured data from the site of interest. Reliance on database-informed predicted values has become increasingly common with the use of neural networks. High-quality data are needed for databases used in this way and for theoretical and property transfer model development and testing. Hydraulic properties predicted on the basis of existing databases may be adequate in some applications but not others. An obvious problem occurs when the available database has few or no data for samples that are closely related to the medium of interest. The data set presented in this paper includes saturated and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, water retention, particle-size distributions, and bulk properties. All samples are minimally disturbed, all measurements were performed using the same state of the art techniques and the environments represented are diverse.","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1029/2008WR007497","usgsCitation":"Perkins, K., and Nimmo, J.R., 2009, High-quality unsaturated zone hydraulic property data for hydrologic applications: Water Resources Research, v. 45, no. 7, W07417; 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2008WR007497.","productDescription":"W07417; 9 p.","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476139,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008wr007497","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245535,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a30f8e4b0c8380cd5dafb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perkins, Kimberlie 0000-0001-8349-447X kperkins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8349-447X","contributorId":138544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"Kimberlie","email":"kperkins@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nimmo, John R. 0000-0001-8191-1727 jrnimmo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-1727","contributorId":757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimmo","given":"John","email":"jrnimmo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70036707,"text":"70036707 - 2009 - Processes affecting  δ<sup>34</sup>S and δ<sup>18</sup>O values of dissolved sulfate in alluvium along the Canadian River, central Oklahoma, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T09:54:35","indexId":"70036707","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Processes affecting  δ<sup>34</sup>S and δ<sup>18</sup>O values of dissolved sulfate in alluvium along the Canadian River, central Oklahoma, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>The &delta;</span><sup>34</sup><span>S and &delta;</span><sup>18</sup><span>O values for dissolved sulfate in groundwater are commonly used in aquifer studies to identify sulfate reservoirs and describe biogeochemical processes. The utility of these data, however, often is compromised by mixing of sulfate sources within reservoirs and isotope fractionation during sulfur redox cycling. Our study shows that, after all potential sulfate sources are identified and isotopically characterized, the &delta;</span><sup>34</sup><span>S</span><sub>SO4</sub><span>&nbsp;and &delta;</span><sup>18</sup><span>O</span><sub>SO4</sub><span>&nbsp;values differentiate processes such as sulfate-source mixing, sulfide oxidation, barite dissolution, and organosulfur decomposition. During bacterial reduction of sulfate, the values reflect kinetic sulfur isotope fractionation and exchange of oxygen isotopes between sulfate and water. Detailed analysis of the chemistry (Cl and SO</span><sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;concentrations) and isotopic composition (&delta;</span><sup>2</sup><span>H</span><sub>H2O</sub><span>and &delta;</span><sup>18</sup><span>O</span><sub>H2O</sub><span>) of groundwater in an alluvial aquifer in Central Oklahoma, USA allowed the identification of five distinct end members that supply water to the aquifer (regional groundwater flowing into the study area, river water, leachate from a closed landfill that operated within the site, rain, and surface runoff). The &delta;</span><sup>34</sup><span>S</span><sub>SO4</sub><span>&nbsp;and &delta;</span><sup>18</sup><span>O</span><sub>SO4</sub><span>&nbsp;values in each end member differentiated three sources of sulfate: sulfate dissolved from Early to Late Permian rocks within the drainage basin (&delta;</span><sup>34</sup><span>S</span><sub>SO4</sub><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;8&ndash;12&permil; and &delta;</span><sup>18</sup><span>O</span><sub>SO4</sub><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;10&permil;), iron sulfides oxidized by molecular oxygen during low water-table levels (&delta;</span><sup>34</sup><span>S</span><sub>SO4</sub><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;&minus;&nbsp;16&permil; and &delta;</span><sup>18</sup><span>O</span><sub>SO4</sub><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;10&permil;), and organosulfur compounds (predominately ester sulfates) from decomposition of vegetation on the surface and from landfill trash buried in the alluvium (&delta;</span><sup>34</sup><span>S</span><sub>SO4</sub><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;8&permil; and &delta;</span><sup>18</sup><span>O</span><sub>SO4</sub><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;6&permil;). During bacterial reduction of these sulfate sources, similar isotope fractionation processes are recorded in the parallel trends of increasing &delta;</span><sup>34</sup><span>S</span><sub>SO4</sub><span>&nbsp;and &delta;</span><sup>18</sup><span>O</span><sub>SO4</sub><span>&nbsp;values. When extensive reduction occurs, the kinetic sulfur isotope fractionation (estimated by&nbsp;</span><i>&epsilon;</i><sub>H2S&ndash;SO4</sub><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;&minus;&nbsp;23&permil;) results in the steady increase of &delta;</span><sup>34</sup><span>S</span><sub>SO4</sub><span>values to greater than 70&permil;. Equilibrium isotope fractionation during exchange of sulfate oxygen and water oxygen, a process not commonly observed in field-based studies, is documented in &delta;</span><sup>18</sup><span>O</span><sub>SO4</sub><span>&nbsp;values asymptotically approaching 21&permil;, the value predicted for conditions at the study site (</span><i>&epsilon;</i><sub>SO4&ndash;H2O</sub><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;27&permil;). These results show that recognition of all potential sulfate sources is a critical first step to resolving complexities in &delta;</span><sup>34</sup><span>S</span><sub>SO4</sub><span>&nbsp;and &delta;</span><sup>18</sup><span>O</span><sub>SO4</sub><span>&nbsp;data. The approach taken in this study can be used in other aquifer systems where the identification of multiple sulfate sources and sulfur redox cycling is important to understanding natural processes and anthropogenic influences.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.05.009","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Tuttle, M., Breit, G.N., and Cozzarelli, I.M., 2009, Processes affecting  δ<sup>34</sup>S and δ<sup>18</sup>O values of dissolved sulfate in alluvium along the Canadian River, central Oklahoma, USA: Chemical Geology, v. 265, no. 3-4, p. 455-467, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.05.009.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"455","endPage":"467","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245608,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217651,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.05.009"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"Canadian River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -99.99755859375,\n              34.59704151614417\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.99755859375,\n              36.08462129606931\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.7900390625,\n              36.08462129606931\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.7900390625,\n              34.59704151614417\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.99755859375,\n              34.59704151614417\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"265","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8da4e4b0c8380cd7ed37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tuttle, Michele L. mtuttle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tuttle","given":"Michele L.","email":"mtuttle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":457453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Breit, George N. 0000-0003-2188-6798 gbreit@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2188-6798","contributorId":1480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breit","given":"George","email":"gbreit@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cozzarelli, Isabelle M. 0000-0002-5123-1007 icozzare@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":1693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"Isabelle","email":"icozzare@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035222,"text":"70035222 - 2009 - Migration patterns and wintering range of common loons breeding in the Northeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:57","indexId":"70035222","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Migration patterns and wintering range of common loons breeding in the Northeastern United States","docAbstract":"A study, using satellite telemetry, was conducted to determine the precise migration patterns and wintering locations of Common Loons (Gavia immer) breeding in the northeastern United States. Transmitters were implanted in 17 loons (16 adults and one juvenile) that were captured on breeding lakes in New York, New Hampshire, and Maine during the summers of 2003, 2004, and 2005. Transmitters from ten of the birds provided adequate location data to document movement to wintering areas. Most adult loons appeared to travel non-stop from breeding lakes, or neighboring lakes (within 15 km), to the Atlantic coast. Adult loons marked in New Hampshire and Maine wintered 152 to 239 km from breeding lakes, along the Maine coast. Adult loons marked in the Adirondack Park of New York wintered along the coasts of Massachusetts (414 km from breeding lake), Rhode Island (362 km), and southern New Jersey (527 km). Most of the loons remained relatively stationary throughout the winter, but the size of individual wintering areas of adult loons ranged from 43 to 1,159 km <sup>2</sup>, based on a 95% fixed kernel utilization distribution probability. A juvenile bird from New York made a number of stops at lakes and reservoirs en route to Long Island Sound (325 km from breeding lake). Maximum functional life of transmitters was about 12 months, providing an opportunity to document spring migration movements as well. This work provides essential information for development and implementation of regional Common Loon conservation strategies in the Northeastern U.S.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterbirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1675/063.032.0204","issn":"15244695","usgsCitation":"Kenow, K., Adams, D., Schoch, N., Evers, D., Hanson, W., Yates, D., Savoy, L., Fox, T., Major, A., Kratt, R., and Ozard, J., 2009, Migration patterns and wintering range of common loons breeding in the Northeastern United States: Waterbirds, v. 32, no. 2, p. 234-247, https://doi.org/10.1675/063.032.0204.","startPage":"234","endPage":"247","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215516,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1675/063.032.0204"},{"id":243327,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5714e4b0c8380cd6da3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kenow, K.P.","contributorId":18302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kenow","given":"K.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, D.","contributorId":22963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schoch, N.","contributorId":18196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoch","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Evers, D.C.","contributorId":36501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evers","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hanson, W.","contributorId":19797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Yates, D.","contributorId":42391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yates","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Savoy, L.","contributorId":28448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savoy","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fox, T.J.","contributorId":50477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fox","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Major, A.","contributorId":9846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Major","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kratt, R.","contributorId":100998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kratt","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Ozard, J.","contributorId":32006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ozard","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70035224,"text":"70035224 - 2009 - Tamarisk (Tamarix spp.) water fluxes before, during and after episodic defoliation by the saltcedar leaf beetle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-20T09:56:08","indexId":"70035224","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Tamarisk (Tamarix spp.) water fluxes before, during and after episodic defoliation by the saltcedar leaf beetle","docAbstract":"Tamarisk (Tamarix) species are among the most successful and economically costly plant invaders in the western United States, in part due to its potential to remove large amounts of water from shallow aquifers. Accordingly, local, state and federal agencies have released a new biological control - the saltcedar leaf beetle (Diorhabda elongata) along many watersheds in the western United States to reduce the spread of tamarisk. The beetle defoliates tamarisk for much of the growing season resulting in potentially large seasonal declines in productivity, fitness, and water loss from tamarisk stands. We measured sap flux density (J<sub>s</sub>) using heat dissipation sensors to investigate water use patterns of tamarisk before, during and after a single, six week beetle-induced defoliation event in southeastern, Utah, USA. Granier-style probes were installed on 20 dominant trees from May through September 2008, a period that covers almost the entire growing season. As the beetle emerged from dormancy in mid-June, daytime and nighttime J<sub>s</sub> measurably increased for approximately two weeks before declining to less than 20% of predicted values (predicted by modeling J<sub>s</sub> with atmospheric vapor pressure deficit in May and June before defoliation). Tamarisk trees in mid-August produced new leaves and J<sub>s</sub> returned to pre-defoliation levels. Total J<sub>s</sub>, summed over the duration of the study was 13% lower than predicted values. These data suggest that defoliation results in only small changes in seasonal water loss from tamarisk stands. Current research is focusing on long-term ecohydrological impacts of tamarisk defoliation over multiple growing seasons.","largerWorkTitle":"Acta Horticulturae: VII International Workshop on Sap Flow","language":"English","issn":"05677572","isbn":"9789066056824","usgsCitation":"Hultine, K.R., Nagler, P., Dennison, P., Bush, S., and Ehleringer, J., 2009, Tamarisk (Tamarix spp.) water fluxes before, during and after episodic defoliation by the saltcedar leaf beetle, v. 846, p.293-302.","productDescription":"p.293-302","startPage":"293","endPage":"302","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243358,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":266030,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.actahort.org/books/846/846_33.htm"}],"volume":"846","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba3c7e4b08c986b31feb2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hultine, K. R.","contributorId":102281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hultine","given":"K.","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nagler, P.L. 0000-0003-0674-103X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0674-103X","contributorId":29937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagler","given":"P.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dennison, P.E.","contributorId":73430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dennison","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bush, S.E.","contributorId":78567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bush","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ehleringer, J.R.","contributorId":47965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ehleringer","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70034452,"text":"70034452 - 2009 - Hydrologic characterization of desert soils with varying degrees of pedogenesis: 2. Inverse modeling for eff ective properties","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:47","indexId":"70034452","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3674,"text":"Vadose Zone Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic characterization of desert soils with varying degrees of pedogenesis: 2. Inverse modeling for eff ective properties","docAbstract":"To understand their relation to pedogenic development, soil hydraulic properties in the Mojave Desert were investi- gated for three deposit types: (i) recently deposited sediments in an active wash, (ii) a soil of early Holocene age, and (iii) a highly developed soil of late Pleistocene age. Eff ective parameter values were estimated for a simplifi ed model based on Richards' equation using a fl ow simulator (VS2D), an inverse algorithm (UCODE-2005), and matric pressure and water content data from three ponded infi ltration experiments. The inverse problem framework was designed to account for the eff ects of subsurface lateral spreading of infi ltrated water. Although none of the inverse problems converged on a unique, best-fi t parameter set, a minimum standard error of regression was reached for each deposit type. Parameter sets from the numerous inversions that reached the minimum error were used to develop probability distribu tions for each parameter and deposit type. Electrical resistance imaging obtained for two of the three infi ltration experiments was used to independently test fl ow model performance. Simulations for the active wash and Holocene soil successfully depicted the lateral and vertical fl uxes. Simulations of the more pedogenically developed Pleistocene soil did not adequately replicate the observed fl ow processes, which would require a more complex conceptual model to include smaller scale heterogeneities. The inverse-modeling results, however, indicate that with increasing age, the steep slope of the soil water retention curve shitis toward more negative matric pressures. Assigning eff ective soil hydraulic properties based on soil age provides a promising framework for future development of regional-scale models of soil moisture dynamics in arid environments for land-management applications. ?? Soil Science Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Vadose Zone Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2136/vzj2008.0051","issn":"15391663","usgsCitation":"Mirus, B., Perkins, K., Nimmo, J., and Singha, K., 2009, Hydrologic characterization of desert soils with varying degrees of pedogenesis: 2. Inverse modeling for eff ective properties: Vadose Zone Journal, v. 8, no. 2, p. 496-509, https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2008.0051.","startPage":"496","endPage":"509","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244791,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216893,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2008.0051"}],"volume":"8","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3581e4b0c8380cd5ffa0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mirus, B.B.","contributorId":68128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mirus","given":"B.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perkins, K. S. 0000-0001-8349-447X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8349-447X","contributorId":77557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"K. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nimmo, J. R. 0000-0001-8191-1727","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-1727","contributorId":58304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimmo","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Singha, K.","contributorId":51431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singha","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035229,"text":"70035229 - 2009 - Revised Dst and the epicycles of magnetic disturbance: 1958-2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-26T14:57:57","indexId":"70035229","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":780,"text":"Annales Geophysicae","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Revised D<sub>st</sub> and the epicycles of magnetic disturbance: 1958-2007","title":"Revised Dst and the epicycles of magnetic disturbance: 1958-2007","docAbstract":"A revised version of the storm-time disturbance index D<sub>st</sub> is calculated using hourly-mean magnetic-observatory data from four standard observatories and collected over the years 1958-2007. The calculation algorithm is a revision of that established by Sugiura et al., and which is now used by the Kyoto World Data Center for routine production of D<sub>st</sub>. The most important new development is for the removal of solar-quiet variation. This is done through time and frequency-domain band-stop filtering - selectively removing specific Fourier terms approximating stationary periodic variation driven by the Earth's rotation, the Moon's orbit, the Earth's orbit around the Sun, and their mutual coupling. The resulting non-stationary disturbance time series are weighted by observatory-site geomagnetic latitude and then averaged together across longitudes to give what we call D<sub>st</sub><sup>5807-4SH</sup>. Comparisons are made with the standard Kyoto D <sub>st</sub>. Various biases, especially for residual solar-quiet variation, are identified in the Kyoto D<sub>st</sub>, and occasional storm-time errors in the Kyoto D<sub>st</sub> are noted. Using D<sub>st</sub><sup>5807-4SH</sup>, storms are ranked for maximum storm-time intensity, and we show that storm-occurrence frequency follows a power-law distribution with an exponential cutoff. The epicycles of magnetic disturbance are explored: we (1) map low-latitude local-time disturbance asymmetry, (2) confirm the 27-day storm-recurrence phenomenon using autocorrelation, (3) investigate the coupled semi-annual-diurnal variation of magnetic activity and the proposed explanatory equinoctial and Russell-McPherron hypotheses, and (4) illustrate the well-known solar-cycle modulation of storm-occurrence likelihood. Since D<sub>st</sub><sup>5807-4SH</sup> is useful for a variety of space physics and solid-Earth applications, it is made freely available to the scientific community.","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/angeo-27-3101-2009","issn":"09927689","usgsCitation":"Love, J., and Gannon, J., 2009, Revised Dst and the epicycles of magnetic disturbance: 1958-2007: Annales Geophysicae, v. 27, no. 8, p. 3101-3131, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-27-3101-2009.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"3101","endPage":"3131","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476154,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-27-3101-2009","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":242899,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269212,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-27-3101-2009"}],"volume":"27","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-08-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaca8e4b0c8380cd86d93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Love, J.J.","contributorId":66626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gannon, J.L.","contributorId":78275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gannon","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035832,"text":"70035832 - 2009 - Use of heat to estimate streambed fluxes during extreme hydrologic events","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T17:07:44","indexId":"70035832","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of heat to estimate streambed fluxes during extreme hydrologic events","docAbstract":"<p><span>Using heat as a tracer, quantitative estimates of streambed fluxes and the critical stage for flow reversal were calculated for high‐flow events that occurred on the Bogue Phalia (a tributary of the Mississippi River) following the 2005 Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. In June 2005, piezometers were installed in the Bogue Phalia upstream from the stream gage near Leland, Mississippi, to monitor temperature. Even with the hurricanes, precipitation in the Bogue Phalia Basin for the months of June to October 2005 was below normal, and consequently, streamflow was below the long‐term average. Temperature profiles from the piezometers indicate that the Bogue Phalia was a gaining stream during most of this time, but relatively static streambed temperatures suggested long‐term data was warranted for heat‐based estimates of flux. However, the hurricanes caused a pair of sharp rises in stream stage over short periods of time, increasing the potential for rapid heat‐based modeling and for identification of the critical stage for flow reversal into the streambed. Heat‐based modeling fits of simulated‐to‐measured sediment temperatures show that once a critical stage was surpassed, flow direction reversed into the streambed. Results of this study demonstrate the ability to constrain estimates of streambed water flux and the critical stage of flow reversal, with little available groundwater head data, by using heat as a tracer during extreme stage events.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2007WR006121","usgsCitation":"Barlow, J.R., and Coupe, R.H., 2009, Use of heat to estimate streambed fluxes during extreme hydrologic events: Water Resources Research, v. 45, no. 1, Article W01403; 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006121.","productDescription":"Article W01403; 10 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244218,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-01-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbf21e4b08c986b329989","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barlow, Jeannie R.B.","contributorId":33965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"Jeannie","email":"","middleInitial":"R.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coupe, Richard H. 0000-0001-8679-1015 rhcoupe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8679-1015","contributorId":551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coupe","given":"Richard","email":"rhcoupe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":394,"text":"Mississippi Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":452647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035305,"text":"70035305 - 2009 - Trace-element record in zircons during exhumation from UHP conditions, North-East Greenland Caledonides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:54","indexId":"70035305","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1593,"text":"European Journal of Mineralogy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trace-element record in zircons during exhumation from UHP conditions, North-East Greenland Caledonides","docAbstract":"Coesite-bearing zircon formed at ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) conditions share general characteristics of eclogite-facies zircon with trace-element signatures characterized by depleted heavy rare earth elements (HREE), lack of an Eu anomaly, and low Th/ U ratios. Trace-element signatures of zircons from the Caledonian UHP terrane in North-East Greenland were used to examine the possible changes in signature with age during exhumation. Collection and interpretation of age and trace-element analyses of zircon from three samples of quartzofeldspathic gneiss and two leucocratic intrusions were guided by core vs. rim zoning patterns as imaged by cathodoluminesence. Change from igneous to eclogite-facies metamorphic trace-element signature in protolith zircon is characterized by gradual depletion of HREE, whereas newly formed metamorphic rims have flat HREE patterns and REE concentrations that are distinct from the recrystallized inherited cores. The signature associated with eclogite-facies metamorphic zircon is observed in coesite-bearing zircon formed at 358 ?? 4 Ma, metamorphic rims formed at 348 ?? 5 Ma during the initial stages of exhumation, and metamorphic rims formed at 337 ?? 5 Ma. Zircons from a garnet-bearing granite emplaced in the neck of an eclogite boudin and a leucocratic dike that cross-cuts amphibolite-facies structural fabrics have steeply sloping HREE patterns, variably developed negative Eu anomalies, and low Th/U ratios. The granite records initial decompression melting and exhumation at 347 ?? 2 Ma and later zircon rim growth at 329 ?? 5. The leucocratic dike was likely emplaced at amphibolite-facies conditions at 330 ?? 2 Ma, but records additional growth of compositionally similar zircon at 321 ??2 Ma. The difference between the trace-element signature of metamorphic zircon in the gneisses and in part coeval leucocratic intrusions indicates that the zircon signature varies as a function of lithology and context, thus enhancing its ability to aid in the interpretation of U-Pb data and track the exhumation history of UHP terranes. The differences may reflect variation in elemental availability through breakdown reactions in quartzofeldpathic gneiss vs. availability during melt production and/or crystallization. UHP rocks in North-East Greenland began exhumation by 347 ?? 2 Ma, were still at HP eclogite-facies conditions at 337 ?? 5 Ma and were at amphibolite-facies conditions by 330 ?? 2 Ma. ?? 2009 E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"European Journal of Mineralogy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1127/0935-1221/2009/0021-2000","issn":"09351221","usgsCitation":"McClelland, W., Gilotti, J.A., Mazdab, F., and Wooden, J.L., 2009, Trace-element record in zircons during exhumation from UHP conditions, North-East Greenland Caledonides: European Journal of Mineralogy, v. 21, no. 6, p. 1135-1148, https://doi.org/10.1127/0935-1221/2009/0021-2000.","startPage":"1135","endPage":"1148","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243103,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215308,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0935-1221/2009/0021-2000"}],"volume":"21","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb682e4b08c986b326ce6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McClelland, W.C.","contributorId":66929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClelland","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilotti, J. A.","contributorId":15776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilotti","given":"J.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mazdab, F.K.","contributorId":11650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazdab","given":"F.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wooden, J. L.","contributorId":58678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035825,"text":"70035825 - 2009 - Assessing the impact of land use change on hydrology by ensemble modelling (LUCHEM) II: Ensemble combinations and predictions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:49","indexId":"70035825","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":664,"text":"Advances in Water Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the impact of land use change on hydrology by ensemble modelling (LUCHEM) II: Ensemble combinations and predictions","docAbstract":"This paper reports on a project to compare predictions from a range of catchment models applied to a mesoscale river basin in central Germany and to assess various ensemble predictions of catchment streamflow. The models encompass a large range in inherent complexity and input requirements. In approximate order of decreasing complexity, they are DHSVM, MIKE-SHE, TOPLATS, WASIM-ETH, SWAT, PRMS, SLURP, HBV, LASCAM and IHACRES. The models are calibrated twice using different sets of input data. The two predictions from each model are then combined by simple averaging to produce a single-model ensemble. The 10 resulting single-model ensembles are combined in various ways to produce multi-model ensemble predictions. Both the single-model ensembles and the multi-model ensembles are shown to give predictions that are generally superior to those of their respective constituent models, both during a 7-year calibration period and a 9-year validation period. This occurs despite a considerable disparity in performance of the individual models. Even the weakest of models is shown to contribute useful information to the ensembles they are part of. The best model combination methods are a trimmed mean (constructed using the central four or six predictions each day) and a weighted mean ensemble (with weights calculated from calibration performance) that places relatively large weights on the better performing models. Conditional ensembles, in which separate model weights are used in different system states (e.g. summer and winter, high and low flows) generally yield little improvement over the weighted mean ensemble. However a conditional ensemble that discriminates between rising and receding flows shows moderate improvement. An analysis of ensemble predictions shows that the best ensembles are not necessarily those containing the best individual models. Conversely, it appears that some models that predict well individually do not necessarily combine well with other models in multi-model ensembles. The reasons behind these observations may relate to the effects of the weighting schemes, non-stationarity of the climate series and possible cross-correlations between models. Crown Copyright ?? 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Advances in Water Resources","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2008.05.006","issn":"03091708","usgsCitation":"Viney, N., Bormann, H., Breuer, L., Bronstert, A., Croke, B., Frede, H., Graff, T., Hubrechts, L., Huisman, J.A., Jakeman, A., Kite, G., Lanini, J., Leavesley, G., Lettenmaier, D., Lindstrom, G., Seibert, J., Sivapalan, M., and Willems, P., 2009, Assessing the impact of land use change on hydrology by ensemble modelling (LUCHEM) II: Ensemble combinations and predictions: Advances in Water Resources, v. 32, no. 2, p. 147-158, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2008.05.006.","startPage":"147","endPage":"158","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216197,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2008.05.006"},{"id":244051,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059edebe4b0c8380cd49ade","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Viney, N.R.","contributorId":11850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Viney","given":"N.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bormann, H.","contributorId":66091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bormann","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Breuer, L.","contributorId":54814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breuer","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bronstert, A.","contributorId":98565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bronstert","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Croke, B.F.W.","contributorId":52809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Croke","given":"B.F.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Frede, H.","contributorId":94927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frede","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Graff, T.","contributorId":15803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graff","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hubrechts, L.","contributorId":54815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubrechts","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Huisman, J. 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,{"id":70035802,"text":"70035802 - 2009 - The SCEC/USGS dynamic earthquake rupture code verification exercise","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-27T13:12:17","indexId":"70035802","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The SCEC/USGS dynamic earthquake rupture code verification exercise","docAbstract":"<p id=\"p-1\">Numerical simulations of earthquake rupture dynamics are now common, yet it has been difficult to test the validity of these simulations because there have been few field observations and no analytic solutions with which to compare the results. This paper describes the Southern California Earthquake Center/U.S. Geological Survey (SCEC/USGS) Dynamic Earthquake Rupture Code Verification Exercise, where codes that simulate spontaneous rupture dynamics in three dimensions are evaluated and the results produced by these codes are compared using Web-based tools. This is the first time that a broad and rigorous examination of numerous spontaneous rupture codes has been performed—a significant advance in this science. The automated process developed to attain this achievement provides for a future where testing of codes is easily accomplished.</p><p id=\"p-2\">Scientists who use computer simulations to understand earthquakes utilize a range of techniques. Most of these assume that earthquakes are caused by slip at depth on faults in the Earth, but hereafter the strategies vary. Among the methods used in earthquake mechanics studies are kinematic approaches and dynamic approaches.</p><p id=\"p-3\">The kinematic approach uses a computer code that prescribes the spatial and temporal evolution of slip on the causative fault (or faults). These types of simulations are very helpful, especially since they can be used in seismic data inversions to relate the ground motions recorded in the field to slip on the fault(s) at depth. However, these kinematic solutions generally provide no insight into the physics driving the fault slip or information about why the involved fault(s) slipped that much (or that little). In other words, these kinematic solutions may lack information about the physical dynamics of earthquake rupture that will be most helpful in forecasting future events.</p><p id=\"p-4\">To help address this issue, some researchers use computer codes to numerically simulate earthquakes and construct dynamic, spontaneous rupture (hereafter called “spontaneous rupture”) solutions. For these types of numerical simulations, rather than prescribing the slip function at each location on the fault(s), just the friction constitutive properties and initial stress conditions are prescribed. The subsequent stresses and fault slip spontaneously evolve over time as part of the elasto-dynamic solution. Therefore, spontaneous rupture computer simulations of earthquakes allow us to include everything that we know, or think that we know, about earthquake dynamics and to test these ideas against earthquake observations.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Seismological Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.80.1.119","issn":"08950695","usgsCitation":"Harris, R., Barall, M., Archuleta, R., Dunham, E., Aagaard, B.T., Ampuero, J., Bhat, H., Cruz-Atienza, V., Dalguer, L., Dawson, P., Day, S., Duan, B., Ely, G., Kaneko, Y., Kase, Y., Lapusta, N., Liu, Y., Ma, S., Oglesby, D., Olsen, K., Pitarka, A., Song, S., and Templeton, E., 2009, The SCEC/USGS dynamic earthquake rupture code verification exercise: Seismological Research Letters, v. 80, no. 1, p. 119-126, 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,{"id":70035216,"text":"70035216 - 2009 - Improving accessibility to geospatial data using geographic search","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:52","indexId":"70035216","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Improving accessibility to geospatial data using geographic search","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkTitle":"2009 17th International Conference on Geoinformatics, Geoinformatics 2009","conferenceTitle":"2009 17th International Conference on Geoinformatics, Geoinformatics 2009","conferenceDate":"12 August 2009 through 14 August 2009","conferenceLocation":"Fairfax, VA","language":"English","doi":"10.1109/GEOINFORMATICS.2009.5293479","isbn":"9781424445639","usgsCitation":"Williams, J., Allison, M., and Kozman, J., 2009, Improving accessibility to geospatial data using geographic search, <i>in</i> 2009 17th International Conference on Geoinformatics, Geoinformatics 2009, Fairfax, VA, 12 August 2009 through 14 August 2009, https://doi.org/10.1109/GEOINFORMATICS.2009.5293479.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243263,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215456,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/GEOINFORMATICS.2009.5293479"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3970e4b0c8380cd61910","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, J.E.","contributorId":14768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allison, M.L.","contributorId":87739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allison","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kozman, J.B.","contributorId":23780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kozman","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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