{"pageNumber":"798","pageRowStart":"19925","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165485,"records":[{"id":70250821,"text":"70250821 - 2018 - Patch age since disturbance drives patch dynamics for flycatchers breeding in both reservoir and riverine habitat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-08T16:14:31.730331","indexId":"70250821","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-19T10:11:14","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Patch age since disturbance drives patch dynamics for flycatchers breeding in both reservoir and riverine habitat","docAbstract":"

Species dependent upon early-successional landscapes often occupy patches at different stages of recovery after disturbance. The demographic processes that drive patch dynamics in these systems have rarely been described but are important for developing effective conservation and management plans, especially when humans have modified the timing and intensity of disturbances that drive regeneration. In riparian systems, disturbance by floods historically initiated plant regeneration, but many rivers are now regulated and stream flows disrupted by dams and reservoirs. We studied the demography and patch dynamics of an endangered, neotropical migrant bird dependent on remnant riparian patches for breeding, the southwestern willow flycatcher (Empidonax trailli extimus), over 9 yr at both a riverine and reservoir site in central Arizona. We found that at both sites, number of territories/ha within patches increased for 2–4 yr after colonization and then declined, with several patches abandoned after 6–10 yr. Age of birds increased with patch age, with younger birds in colonizing patches and older, site-faithful birds in older patches, while mean per capita reproductive success did not differ with patch age. Natal dispersal and breeding dispersal were primarily from intermediate-aged patches into either young- or other intermediate-aged patches. At both riverine and reservoir sites, both the number of patches and the number of territorial birds increased over time, with the percentage of territories shifting into younger and younger patches. The type of disturbance driving patch regeneration differed between riverine and reservoir sites (seasonal flooding vs. falling lake levels due to drought), but the demographic patterns did not, indicating that reservoirs can generate patch dynamics similar to those on rivers. Managing stream flows and reservoir levels to maintain disturbance cycles sufficient to generate riparian patches at different stages of regeneration through time would benefit succession-dependent species like the endangered flycatcher we studied, whether those disturbances arise from natural flooding events along free-flowing rivers or through changes in reservoir levels.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2425","usgsCitation":"Theimer, T.C., Sogge, M.K., and Paxton, E.H., 2018, Patch age since disturbance drives patch dynamics for flycatchers breeding in both reservoir and riverine habitat: Ecosphere, v. 9, no. 9, e02425, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2425.","productDescription":"e02425, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-099402","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468385,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2425","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":424187,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Theimer, Tad C 0000-0002-4565-8661","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4565-8661","contributorId":223213,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Theimer","given":"Tad","email":"","middleInitial":"C","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sogge, Mark K. 0000-0002-8337-5689 mark_sogge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8337-5689","contributorId":3710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sogge","given":"Mark","email":"mark_sogge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paxton, Eben H. 0000-0001-5578-7689","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5578-7689","contributorId":19640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paxton","given":"Eben","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70197126,"text":"cir1443 - 2018 - A snapshot of women of the U.S. Geological Survey in STEM and related careers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-12T09:37:47","indexId":"cir1443","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-19T08:45:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1443","displayTitle":"A Snapshot of Women of the U.S. Geological Survey in STEM and Related Careers","title":"A snapshot of women of the U.S. Geological Survey in STEM and related careers","docAbstract":"

Introduction

The term “STEM” has been used to group together the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics and to describe education and professions related to these fields. The professional fields connected to STEM education are thought of as engineering, medicine, and computer technology. Yet these professional fields are merely the tip of the iceberg. Numerous opportunities in these fields encompass environmental research. The possibilities range from predicting the next earthquake to saving polar bears from extinction to developing a vaccine for salmon measles.

The science of natural systems is complex and often requires people from a variety of fields of expertise to make headway with a solution. To that end, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has long recognized the need for a diversity of STEM expertise to address the Nation’s environmental research needs and the vision to facilitate integration of these fields. We are team builders!

In this book, we point out the many facets of research carried out by USGS STEM scientists in an effort to show career options and pathways not typically pursued. The women portrayed were selected by USGS associate and regional directors as representative of particular fields and to inspire future generations.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1443","isbn":"978-1-4113-4232-3","collaboration":" ","usgsCitation":"Aragon-Long, S.C., Burkett, V.R., Weyers, H.S., Haig, S.M., Davenport, M.S., and Warner, K.L., 2018, A snapshot of women of the U.S. Geological Survey in STEM and related careers: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1443, 100 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1443.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 100 p.; Postcard: 6.0 x 4.25 inches; Poster: 22.0 x 28.0 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-087987","costCenters":[{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355929,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1443/cir1443.pdf","text":"Report","size":"26.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"CIR 1443"},{"id":356624,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1443/cir1443_poster-artistic.pdf","text":"Poster","size":"14.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- (22 x 28 inches)"},{"id":356623,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1443/cir1443_postcard.pdf","text":"Postcard","size":"4.09 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- (6 x 4 1/4 inches)"},{"id":354296,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1443/coverthb.jpg"}],"publicComments":"For a copy of this publication, please visit the U.S. Geological Survey store.\n","contact":"

For questions or feedback, please visit
https://answers.usgs.gov/

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"publishedDate":"2018-09-19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f9be4b0fc368eb538ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aragon-Long, Susan C. 0000-0001-7359-3204","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7359-3204","contributorId":205024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aragon-Long","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burkett, Virginia R. 0000-0003-4746-2862","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4746-2862","contributorId":205026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkett","given":"Virginia R.","affiliations":[{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weyers, Holly S. 0000-0001-6393-2233 hsweyers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6393-2233","contributorId":205025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weyers","given":"Holly","email":"hsweyers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Davenport, Marjorie S. 0000-0002-0080-4768 msdavenp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0080-4768","contributorId":205027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davenport","given":"Marjorie","email":"msdavenp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Warner, Kelly L. 0000-0003-4789-5019 klwarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4789-5019","contributorId":205028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"Kelly","email":"klwarner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70217257,"text":"70217257 - 2018 - What goes up must come down: Integrating air and water quality monitoring for nutrients","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-14T13:52:02.392791","indexId":"70217257","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-19T07:48:03","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5925,"text":"Environmental Science and Technology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"What goes up must come down: Integrating air and water quality monitoring for nutrients","docAbstract":"

Excess nitrogen and phosphorus (“nutrients”) loadings continue to affect ecosystem function and human health across the U.S. Our ability to connect atmospheric inputs of nutrients to aquatic end points remains limited due to uncoupled air and water quality monitoring. Where connections exist, the information provides insights about source apportionment, trends, risk to sensitive ecosystems, and efficacy of pollution reduction efforts. We examine several issues driving the need for better integrated monitoring, including: coastal eutrophication, urban hotspots of deposition, a shift from oxidized to reduced nitrogen deposition, and the disappearance of pristine lakes. Successful coordination requires consistent data reporting; collocating deposition and water quality monitoring; improving phosphorus deposition measurements; and filling coverage gaps in urban corridors, agricultural areas, undeveloped watersheds, and coastal zones.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.8b03504","usgsCitation":"Amos, H., Miniat, C., Lynch, J.A., Compton, J.E., Templer, P.H., Sprague, L.A., Shaw, D.M., Burns, D., Rea, A., Whitall, D., Myles, L., Gay, D.A., Nilles, M.A., Walker, J., Rose, A.K., Bales, J., Deacon, J.R., and Pouyet, R., 2018, What goes up must come down: Integrating air and water quality monitoring for nutrients: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 52, no. 20, p. 11441-11448, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b03504.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"11441","endPage":"11448","ipdsId":"IP-092788","costCenters":[{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468386,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b03504","text":"Publisher Index 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(retired)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Deacon, Jeffrey R. 0000-0001-5793-6940 jrdeacon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5793-6940","contributorId":2786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deacon","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jrdeacon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Pouyet, Rich 0000-0002-4717-6439","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4717-6439","contributorId":247735,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pouyet","given":"Rich","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36493,"text":"USDA Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}} ,{"id":70217633,"text":"70217633 - 2018 - Submarine deposition of a subaerial landslide in Taan Fiord, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-09T16:12:13.583505","indexId":"70217633","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-19T07:18:03","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Submarine deposition of a subaerial landslide in Taan Fiord, Alaska","docAbstract":"

A large subaerial landslide entered Taan Fiord, Alaska, on 17 October 2015 producing a tsunami with runup to 193 m. We use LiDAR data to show the slide volume to be 76 + 3/−4 million cubic meters and that 51,000,000 m3 entered Taan Fiord. In 2016, we mapped the fjord with multibeam bathymetry and high‐resolution seismic data. Landslide and postlandslide deposits extend 6 km downfjord, are up to 70 ± 11 m thick, and have a total volume of ~147,000,000 m3. Seismic data image a blocky landslide unit and two units deposited immediately after the landslide. The blocky landslide unit is ~65,000,000 m3. We infer it consists dominantly of subaerially derived material and secondarily of fjord floor sediment. The overlying units are likely megaturbidites presumably deposited within minutes to days after the landslide. We infer that these deposits dominantly consist of fjord floor material mobilized and suspended as the slide entered and traveled downfjord. The lower postlandslide unit is up to 35 ± 6 m thick, and the upper unit is up to 12 ± 3 m thick. These deposits are distinctive and will leave a lasting record of the event. This subaerial‐to‐submarine landslide deposit is distinct from other submarine landslide deposits studied in Alaskan fjords because it has a much greater thickness, larger and more angular blocks, distinctive postlandslide megaturbidites, and a higher‐amplitude acoustic signature of the blocky deposit. The tight constraints on the landslide source and deposit volumes, topography, bathymetry, and tsunami runup heights and flow directions should make this a benchmark site for landslide‐tsunami models.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2018JF004608","usgsCitation":"Haeussler, P., Gulick, S.P., McCall, N., Walton, M.A., Reece, R., Larson, C., Shugar, D.H., Geertsema, M., Venditti, J.G., and Labay, K.A., 2018, Submarine deposition of a subaerial landslide in Taan Fiord, Alaska: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 123, no. 10, p. 2443-2463, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JF004608.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"2443","endPage":"2463","ipdsId":"IP-094084","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460847,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jf004608","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382581,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Taan Fiord","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -141.6,\n 60.25\n ],\n [\n -141.6,\n 59.75\n ],\n [\n -141,\n 59.75\n ],\n [\n -141,\n 60.25\n ],\n [\n -141.6,\n 60.25\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"123","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-10-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":219956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gulick, S. 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L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reece, R. 0000-0002-0769-1698","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0769-1698","contributorId":248398,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reece","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49885,"text":"Department of Geology and Geophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Larson, C.","contributorId":248399,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larson","given":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":49886,"text":"University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Shugar, D. H. 0000-0002-6279-8420","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6279-8420","contributorId":248400,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shugar","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":49887,"text":"Water, Sediment, Hazards, and Earth-surface Dynamics (waterSHED) Lab, University of Washington, Tacoma, Washington, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Geertsema, M. 0000-0002-4650-8251","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4650-8251","contributorId":167412,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Geertsema","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Venditti, J. 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Firearms are often used in lethal control of invasive vertebrates, but safety and regulatory aspects limit the circumstances under which they can be used. During August 2016 at the Brown Treesnake Project laboratory on Guam, we evaluated hobby‐grade Airsoft Electric Guns (AEGs)—a lower powered, less‐hazardous, and less‐regulated alternative to firearms—for capture and control of small animals, with specific emphasis on invasive brown treesnakes (Boiga irregularis). Tests of AEGs differing in power with ammunition (plastic pellets) masses ranging from 0.20 to 0.39 g, fired at gelatin blocks from distances of 4, 8, and 12 m, showed that heavy ammunition is of overriding importance for maximizing lethality: 0.39‐g pellets penetrated more deeply at 12 m than did 0.20‐g pellets at 4 m. Inspection of tissue damage in brown treesnake carcasses subjected to fire with the 0.39‐g ammunition from the same distances suggested that injuries sustained by a direct hit from 12 m would often be lethal, and snakes would be unlikely to survive multiple hits from automatic fire discharged at approximately 17/s. Limited trials with live snakes helped us to understand behavioral responses in a snake hit by ≥1 pellets, including distance traveled over time. Based on these factors, we assessed the risk that a snake injured by pellet fire might evade subsequent capture by rapid responders in the proximity. We also discuss ethical considerations and regulatory advantages of using AEGs. Published 2018. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wsb.909","usgsCitation":"Knox, A.J., Lardner, B., Yackel, A., and Reed, R., 2018, Evaluating airsoft electric guns for control of invasive brown treesnakes: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 42, no. 3, p. 534-539, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.909.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"534","endPage":"539","ipdsId":"IP-093178","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468387,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/4b2b422cbcc84f5f95ec4ab57bb532aa","text":"External Repository"},{"id":437749,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7RN372X","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Airsoft electric gun evaluation on Brown Treesnakes, Guam, 2016"},{"id":385597,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knox, Adam J","contributorId":244306,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knox","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":40374,"text":"Maui Invasive Species Committee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lardner, Bjorn","contributorId":225066,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lardner","given":"Bjorn","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yackel, Amy 0000-0002-7044-8477","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7044-8477","contributorId":258008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackel","given":"Amy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reed, Robert 0000-0001-8349-6168 reedr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8349-6168","contributorId":152301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Robert","email":"reedr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70236782,"text":"70236782 - 2018 - A digital elevation model for simulating the 1945 Makran tsunami in Karachi Harbour","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-19T11:28:27.799503","indexId":"70236782","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-19T06:23:24","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":12591,"text":"Geoscience Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A digital elevation model for simulating the 1945 Makran tsunami in Karachi Harbour","docAbstract":"

The digital elevation model documented here provides a tool for calibrating tsunami models to effects of the 1945 Makran tsunami that were observed in Karachi Harbour. The DEM bathymetry is derived from soundings made mainly during the first 8 years post-tsunami. While deficient in its portrayal of interior tidelands and upland topography, the DEM accurately represents the setting of a tide gauge that recorded the 1945 tsunami.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1186/s40562-018-0117-8","usgsCitation":"Hasan, H., Atwater, B., and Ahmed, S., 2018, A digital elevation model for simulating the 1945 Makran tsunami in Karachi Harbour: Geoscience Letters, v. 5, 23, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s40562-018-0117-8.","productDescription":"23, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-096186","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468388,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40562-018-0117-8","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437750,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9NHQW8M","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Bathymetric and topographic grid intended for simulations of the 1945 Makran tsunami in Karachi Harbour"},{"id":406937,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Pakistan","otherGeospatial":"Karachi Harbour","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 64.1162109375,\n 23.765236889758672\n ],\n [\n 69.4775390625,\n 23.765236889758672\n ],\n [\n 69.4775390625,\n 25.760319754713862\n ],\n [\n 64.1162109375,\n 25.760319754713862\n ],\n [\n 64.1162109375,\n 23.765236889758672\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hasan, Haider","contributorId":194819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hasan","given":"Haider","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Atwater, Brian F. 0000-0003-1155-2815","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1155-2815","contributorId":204658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwater","given":"Brian F.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ahmed, Shoaib","contributorId":296683,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ahmed","given":"Shoaib","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64134,"text":"NED University of Engineering and Technology [Karachi, Pakistan]","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70199440,"text":"70199440 - 2018 - Tradeoffs of a portable, field-based environmental DNA platform for detecting invasive northern pike (Esox lucius) in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T13:57:22","indexId":"70199440","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-18T13:57:17","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2655,"text":"Management of Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Tradeoffs of a portable, field-based environmental DNA platform for detecting invasive northern pike (Esox lucius) in Alaska","title":"Tradeoffs of a portable, field-based environmental DNA platform for detecting invasive northern pike (Esox lucius) in Alaska","docAbstract":"

Environmental DNA (eDNA) has improved detection probabilities of aquatic invasive species but lab-based analytical
platforms for eDNA analyses slow opportunities for rapid response. Effective approaches that address this analytical
bottleneck and improve capacity for rapid response are urgently needed. We tested the sensitivity of a portable, field-based
eDNA platform relative to widely used lab-based eDNA approaches for detecting invasive northern pike (Esox lucius) in
eight lakes on Alaska’s Kenai Peninsula. The portable, field-based platform takes ~ 1 hr from sample collection to final results
and uses a field-based DNA extraction kit, a shelf-stable assay, and a portable real-time PCR thermocycler. Lab-based
approaches take days to weeks to months for final results and use lab-based DNA extraction kits, lab-bound assays, and
benchtop real-time thermocyclers. We found that the portable, field-based approach was less sensitive than lab-based
approaches and was more prone to inhibition, thus increasing potential for false-negatives. Until sensitivity and inhibition
issues can be resolved, this portable, field-based approach is best viewed as a complement to rather than a replacement of
standard eDNA lab-based approaches.

","language":"English","publisher":"REABIC","doi":"10.3391/mbi.2018.9.3.07","usgsCitation":"Sepulveda, A.J., Hutchins, P.R., Massengill, R.L., and Dunker, K.J., 2018, Tradeoffs of a portable, field-based environmental DNA platform for detecting invasive northern pike (Esox lucius) in Alaska: Management of Biological Invasions, v. 9, no. 3, p. 253-258, https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2018.9.3.07.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"253","endPage":"258","ipdsId":"IP-095585","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468389,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2018.9.3.07","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":357443,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Soldotna","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -151.512451171875,\n 60.20434558193777\n ],\n [\n -151.0235595703125,\n 60.20434558193777\n ],\n [\n -151.0235595703125,\n 60.901059995939775\n ],\n [\n -151.512451171875,\n 60.901059995939775\n ],\n [\n -151.512451171875,\n 60.20434558193777\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f9ce4b0fc368eb538f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sepulveda, Adam J. 0000-0001-7621-7028 asepulveda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7621-7028","contributorId":150628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sepulveda","given":"Adam","email":"asepulveda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hutchins, Patrick R. 0000-0001-5232-0821 phutchins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5232-0821","contributorId":198337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchins","given":"Patrick","email":"phutchins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Massengill, Robert L.","contributorId":174630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Massengill","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dunker, Kristine J.","contributorId":38864,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunker","given":"Kristine","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6770,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish & Game, Division of Commercial Fish, Soldotna, AK 99669","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70199441,"text":"70199441 - 2018 - A bioenergetics evaluation of temperature‐dependent selection for the spawning phenology by Snake River fall Chinook salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-15T11:38:28","indexId":"70199441","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-18T13:52:53","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A bioenergetics evaluation of temperature‐dependent selection for the spawning phenology by Snake River fall Chinook salmon","docAbstract":"

High water temperatures can increase the energetic cost for salmon to migrate and spawn, which can be important for Snake River fall‐run Chinook salmon because they migrate great distances (>500 km) at a time when river temperatures (18–24°C) can be above their optimum temperatures (16.5°C). Average river temperatures and random combinations of migration and spawning dates were used to simulate fish travel times and determine the energetic consequences of different thermal experiences during migration. An energy threshold criterion (4 kJ/g) was also imposed on survival and spawning success, which was used to determine how prevailing temperatures might select against certain migration dates and thermal experiences, and in turn, explain the selection for the current spawning phenology of the population. Scenarios of tributary use for thermal refugia under increasing water temperatures (1, 2, and 3°C) were also run to determine which combinations of migration dates, travel rates, and resulting thermal experiences might be most affected by energy exhaustion. As expected, when compared to observations, the model under existing conditions and energy use could explain the onset, but not the end of the observed spawning migration. Simulations of early migrants had greater energy loss than late migrants regardless of the river temperature scenario, but higher temperatures disproportionately selected against a larger fraction of early‐migrating fish, although using cold‐water tributaries during migration provided a buffer against higher energy use at higher temperatures. The fraction of simulated fish that exceeded the threshold for migration success increased from 58% to 72% as average seasonal river temperatures over baseline temperatures increased. The model supports the conclusion that increases in average seasonal river temperatures as little as 1°C could impose greater thermal constraints on the fish, select against early migrants, and in turn, truncate the onset of the current spawning migration.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.4353","usgsCitation":"Plumb, J.M., 2018, A bioenergetics evaluation of temperature‐dependent selection for the spawning phenology by Snake River fall Chinook salmon: Ecology and Evolution, v. 62, no. 4, p. 351-354, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4353.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"351","endPage":"354","ipdsId":"IP-091288","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468390,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4353","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":357442,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River, Snake River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.27783203125,\n 45.0502402697946\n ],\n [\n -116.34521484375001,\n 45.0502402697946\n ],\n [\n -116.34521484375001,\n 47.34626718205302\n ],\n [\n -122.27783203125,\n 47.34626718205302\n ],\n [\n -122.27783203125,\n 45.0502402697946\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"62","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f9ce4b0fc368eb538f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plumb, John M. 0000-0003-4255-1612 jplumb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4255-1612","contributorId":3569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumb","given":"John","email":"jplumb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70199450,"text":"70199450 - 2018 - Survey-based assessment of the frequency and potential impacts of recreation on polar bears","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T13:48:10","indexId":"70199450","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-18T13:47:51","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survey-based assessment of the frequency and potential impacts of recreation on polar bears","docAbstract":"

Conservation plans for polar bears (Ursus maritimus) typically cannot prescribe management actions to address their primary threat: sea ice loss associated with climate warming. However, there may be other stressors that compound the negative effects of sea ice loss which can be mitigated. For example, Arctic tourism has increased concurrent with polar bears increasingly using terrestrial habitats, which creates the potential for increased human-bear interactions. Little is known about the types, frequency, or potential impacts of recreation. We conducted a Delphi survey among experts who live and work in polar bear habitats, followed by an internet-based survey to which 47 managers, tour operators, community members, and scientists contributed. Participants identified viewing-based recreation as increasing and affecting the largest proportion of bears within subpopulationsthat come ashore during the ice-free season. Survey respondents suggested that negative effects of viewing, including displacement and habituation, could be reduced by restricting human use areas and distances between bears and people. Killing of bears in defense was associated more with camping or hunting for other species than other recreations, and may be mitigated with deterrents. Snowmobiling was the most common recreation across the polar bears' range, and reportedly caused some den abandonment and displacement. However, respondents estimated that <10% of polar bears are exposed to most types of recreation and <50% surmised any negative impacts. Nevertheless, mitigating some of the negative impacts identified in this study may become increasingly important as polar bears cope with sea ice loss.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2018.09.008","usgsCitation":"Rode, K.D., Fortin, J., Garshelis, D., Dyck, M., Sahanatien, V., Atwood, T.C., Belikov, S., Laidre, K.L., Miller, S., Obbard, M.E., Vongraven, D., Ware, J.V., and Wilder, J., 2018, Survey-based assessment of the frequency and potential impacts of recreation on polar bears: Biological Conservation, v. 227, p. 121-132, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2018.09.008.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"121","endPage":"132","ipdsId":"IP-098324","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468391,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2018.09.008","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437751,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7J67F31","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data from a Circumpolar Survey on Recreational Activities in Polar Bear Habitat, 2017-2018"},{"id":357441,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"227","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f9ce4b0fc368eb538f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rode, Karyn D. 0000-0002-3328-8202 krode@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3328-8202","contributorId":5053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rode","given":"Karyn","email":"krode@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fortin, Jennifer K. jfortin-noreus@usgs.gov","contributorId":5419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fortin","given":"Jennifer K.","email":"jfortin-noreus@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":745372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garshelis, Dave","contributorId":207975,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garshelis","given":"Dave","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6964,"text":"Minnesota Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dyck, Markus","contributorId":173868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dyck","given":"Markus","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sahanatien, Vicki","contributorId":131124,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sahanatien","given":"Vicki","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Atwood, Todd C. 0000-0002-1971-3110 tatwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1971-3110","contributorId":4368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwood","given":"Todd","email":"tatwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Belikov, Stanislav","contributorId":19513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Belikov","given":"Stanislav","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Laidre, Kristin L.","contributorId":191798,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Laidre","given":"Kristin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Miller, Susanne","contributorId":50955,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Susanne","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13235,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Marine Mammals Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Obbard, Martyn E.","contributorId":108002,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Obbard","given":"Martyn","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6780,"text":"Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Vongraven, Dag","contributorId":131092,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vongraven","given":"Dag","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7238,"text":"Norwegian Polar Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Ware, Jasmine V.","contributorId":192039,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ware","given":"Jasmine","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Wilder, James","contributorId":152610,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilder","given":"James","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70199445,"text":"70199445 - 2018 - Developing hydro-meteorological thresholds for shallow landslide initiation and early warning","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T13:43:44","indexId":"70199445","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-18T13:43:40","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3709,"text":"Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Developing hydro-meteorological thresholds for shallow landslide initiation and early warning","docAbstract":"

Consistent relations between shallow landslide initiation and associated rainfall characteristics remain difficult to identify, due largely to the complex hydrological and geological processes causing slopes to be predisposed to failure and those processes that subsequently trigger failures. Considering the importance of hillslope hydrology for rainfall-induced landsliding, we develop and test a method for identifying hybrid hydro-meteorological thresholds to assess landslide initiation potential. We outline a series of steps for using a landslide inventory in combination with triggering rainfall and antecedent wetness to identify empirical thresholds that can inform landslide early warning systems. The method is semi-automated but remains flexible enough to allow threshold developers to consider data inputs and various performance metrics with different priorities for balancing failed versus false alarms. We demonstrate the utility of our approach for two monitoring sites near Seattle, Washington and in Portland, Oregon, USA, to develop daily bilinear thresholds within a two-dimensional parameter space, which rely on accurate 24 h forecasts, measured recent rainfall and in situ soil saturation. Although there were no prior landslide thresholds for Portland, our new hybrid threshold for the Seattle area outperforms established rainfall-only thresholds for the same region. Introducing subsurface hydrologic monitoring into landslide initiation thresholds has the potential to greatly improve early warning capabilities and help reduce losses.

","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/w10091274","usgsCitation":"Mirus, B.B., Morphew, M.D., and Smith, J.B., 2018, Developing hydro-meteorological thresholds for shallow landslide initiation and early warning: Water, v. 10, no. 9, p. 1-19, https://doi.org/10.3390/w10091274.","productDescription":"Article 1274; 19 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"19","ipdsId":"IP-101411","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468392,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w10091274","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":357440,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.7367,\n 45.5217\n ],\n [\n -122.7333,\n 45.5217\n ],\n [\n -122.7333,\n 45.5233\n ],\n [\n -122.7367,\n 45.5233\n ],\n [\n -122.7367,\n 45.5217\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.34100341796875,\n 47.874907453605935\n ],\n [\n -122.31628417968749,\n 47.874907453605935\n ],\n [\n -122.31628417968749,\n 47.892866512069666\n ],\n [\n -122.34100341796875,\n 47.892866512069666\n ],\n [\n -122.34100341796875,\n 47.874907453605935\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f9ce4b0fc368eb538f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mirus, Benjamin B. 0000-0001-5550-014X bbmirus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5550-014X","contributorId":4064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mirus","given":"Benjamin","email":"bbmirus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5077,"text":"Northwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morphew, Michael D. 0000-0003-0072-1652","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0072-1652","contributorId":207959,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morphew","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37668,"text":"USGS, Student- Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Joel B. 0000-0001-7219-7875 jbsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7219-7875","contributorId":4925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Joel","email":"jbsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70199446,"text":"70199446 - 2018 - Decadal topographic change in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica: Thermokarst subsidence, glacier thinning, and transfer of water storage from the cryosphere to the hydrosphere","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T13:35:39","indexId":"70199446","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-18T13:35:28","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Decadal topographic change in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica: Thermokarst subsidence, glacier thinning, and transfer of water storage from the cryosphere to the hydrosphere","docAbstract":"

Recent local-scale observations of glaciers, streams, and soil surfaces in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica (MDV) have documented evidence for rapid ice loss, glacial thinning, and ground surface subsidence associated with melting of ground ice. To evaluate the extent, magnitude, and location of decadal-scale landscape change in the MDV, we collected airborne lidar elevation data in 2014–2015 and compared these data to a 2001–2002 airborne lidar campaign. This regional assessment of elevation change spans the recent acceleration of warming and melting observed by long-term meteorological and ecosystem response experiments, allowing us to assess the response of MDV surfaces to warming and potential thawing feedbacks. We find that locations of thermokarst subsidence are strongly associated with the presence of excess ground ice and with proximity to surface or shallow subsurface (active layer) water. Subsidence occurs across soil types and landforms, in low-lying, low-slope areas with impeded drainage and also high on steep valley walls. Glacier thinning is widespread and is associated with the growth of fine-scale roughness. Pond levels are rising in most closed-basin lakes in the MDV, across all microclimate zones. These observations highlight the continued importance of insolation-driven melting in the MDV. The regional melt pattern is consistent with an overall transition of water storage from the local cryosphere (glaciers, permafrost) to the hydrosphere (closed basin lakes and ponds as well as the Ross Sea). We interpret this regional melting pattern to reflect a transition to Arctic and alpine-style, hydrologically mediated permafrost and glacial melt.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2018.09.012","usgsCitation":"Levy, J., Fountain, A., Obryk, M., Telling, J., Glennie, C., Pettersson, R., Gooseff, M., and van Horn, D., 2018, Decadal topographic change in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica: Thermokarst subsidence, glacier thinning, and transfer of water storage from the cryosphere to the hydrosphere: Geomorphology, v. 323, p. 80-97, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2018.09.012.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"80","endPage":"97","ipdsId":"IP-098526","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468393,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2018.09.012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":357438,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica","volume":"323","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f9ce4b0fc368eb538f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Levy, J.S.","contributorId":207960,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Levy","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37669,"text":"Colgate University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fountain, A.G.","contributorId":207961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fountain","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6929,"text":"Portland State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Obryk, Maciej K. 0000-0002-8182-8656","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8182-8656","contributorId":203477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Obryk","given":"Maciej","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Telling, J.","contributorId":207962,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Telling","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37670,"text":"National Center for Airborne Laser Mapping","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Glennie, C.","contributorId":207963,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glennie","given":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37670,"text":"National Center for Airborne Laser Mapping","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pettersson, R.","contributorId":207964,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pettersson","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37671,"text":"Uppsala University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gooseff, M.","contributorId":201026,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gooseff","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"van Horn, D.J.","contributorId":207965,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"van Horn","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36307,"text":"University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70199232,"text":"fs20183060 - 2018 - Hydrologic conditions in Kansas, water year 2017","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T14:06:38","indexId":"fs20183060","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-18T08:37:23","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-3060","title":"Hydrologic conditions in Kansas, water year 2017","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Federal, State, and local agencies, maintains a long-term network of hydrologic monitoring stations in Kansas. These data and associated analyses provide a unique overview of the hydrologic conditions and help improve the understanding of Kansas’ water resources. Yearly assessments of hydrologic conditions are made by comparing statistical analysis of current and past water year data for the period of record. These data provide critical information for protecting life and property, managing water supplies, forecasting floods, operating reservoirs, designing bridges and culverts, processing interstate and intrastate water rights claims, ecological monitoring, and many other uses.

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Director, Kansas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1217 Biltmore Dr.
Lawrence, KS 66049

","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"publishedDate":"2018-09-18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f9de4b0fc368eb538fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lukasz, Bradley S. 0000-0001-5438-5901","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5438-5901","contributorId":207812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lukasz","given":"Bradley S.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70199427,"text":"70199427 - 2018 - Holocene fault reactivation in the eastern Cascades, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-28T08:48:47","indexId":"70199427","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-17T15:07:57","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holocene fault reactivation in the eastern Cascades, Washington","docAbstract":"

Significant uncertainty remains concerning how and where crustal shortening occurs throughout the eastern Cascade Range in Washington State. Using light detection and ranging (lidar) imagery, we identified an &#x223C;5&#x2010;km&#x2010;long\">∼5‐km‐long lineament in Swakane canyon near Wenatchee, roughly coincident with a strand of the Entiat fault. Topographic profiles across the lineament reveal a southwest‐side‐up break in slope, with an average of 2–3 m of vertical separation of the hillslope surface. We consider a range of possible origins for this feature, including differential erosion across a fault‐line scarp, slope failure (sackung or landslide), and surface deformation across an active fault strand. Based on trenching, radiocarbon and luminescence dating, and ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) across the lineament, we conclude that warped saprolite observed in the shallow subsurface is most consistent with southwest‐side‐up folding caused by blind reverse faulting at depth. Following this reasoning, dating of overlying colluvial deposits suggests that at least one Holocene earthquake occurred on this strand of the southern Entiat fault, with an approximate vertical separation of &#x2265;1&#x2009;&#x2009;m\">m≥1  m. GPR reveals up to 4 m of cumulative vertical separation of the saprolite, suggesting a history of multiple earthquakes on the structure. Taken in context with other potential fault‐related lineaments along the Entiat fault, our interpretation of Holocene earthquakes in Swakane canyon could suggest reactivation of longer sections of the Entiat fault, as well as of other bedrock faults in the eastern Cascades. Although active erosion and slow strain rates lead to a subdued geomorphic expression of recent deformation, we conclude that the reactivated Entiat fault represents a seismogenic structure that should be considered in regional seismic hazard analyses. The difficulty of recognizing low‐slip‐rate structures in forested and mountainous terrain underscores the importance of additional lidar surveys and geological and geophysical studies for fully understanding seismic hazard in regions with infrequent but potentially large earthquakes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120170228","usgsCitation":"Carlson, B.L., Schermer, E.R., Amos, C.B., Stephenson, W.J., Sherrod, B.L., and Mahan, S.A., 2018, Holocene fault reactivation in the eastern Cascades, Washington: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 108, no. 5A, p. 2614-2633, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120170228.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"2614","endPage":"2633","ipdsId":"IP-098702","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357408,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.17822265625,\n 45.537136680398596\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 45.537136680398596\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 49.001843917978526\n ],\n [\n -125.17822265625,\n 49.001843917978526\n ],\n [\n -125.17822265625,\n 45.537136680398596\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"108","issue":"5A","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f9de4b0fc368eb538ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlson, Benjamin L.","contributorId":207530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carlson","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37554,"text":"Xerces Society","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schermer, Elizabeth R.","contributorId":184060,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schermer","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Amos, Colin B.","contributorId":62127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amos","given":"Colin","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stephenson, William J. 0000-0001-8699-0786 wstephens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8699-0786","contributorId":695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"William","email":"wstephens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sherrod, Brian L. 0000-0002-4492-8631 bsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4492-8631","contributorId":2834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"Brian","email":"bsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon A. 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":147159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70200691,"text":"70200691 - 2018 - Lessons from Mexico’s earthquake early warning system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-30T14:51:38","indexId":"70200691","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-17T14:51:25","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3879,"text":"Eos, Earth and Space Science News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lessons from Mexico’s earthquake early warning system","docAbstract":"

The devastating 2017 Puebla quake provides an opportunity to assess how citizens perceive and use the Mexico City earthquake early warning system.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2018EO105095","usgsCitation":"Allen, R.M., Cochran, E.S., Huggins, T.J., Miles, S., and Otegui, D., 2018, Lessons from Mexico’s earthquake early warning system: Eos, Earth and Space Science News, v. 99, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018EO105095.","productDescription":"HTML Document","ipdsId":"IP-091617","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468394,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2018eo105095","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":358975,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"99","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a940e4b034bf6a7e50d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, Richard M.","contributorId":195244,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allen","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":750139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cochran, Elizabeth S. 0000-0003-2485-4484 ecochran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2485-4484","contributorId":2025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochran","given":"Elizabeth","email":"ecochran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huggins, Thomas J.","contributorId":210192,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huggins","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13571,"text":"Massey University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miles, Scott","contributorId":201867,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miles","given":"Scott","affiliations":[{"id":12729,"text":"UW","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Otegui, Diego","contributorId":201868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Otegui","given":"Diego","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36275,"text":"UD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70199409,"text":"70199409 - 2018 - A database of natural monthly streamflow estimates from 1950 to 2015 for the conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-05T14:17:31","indexId":"70199409","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-17T13:52:16","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A database of natural monthly streamflow estimates from 1950 to 2015 for the conterminous United States","docAbstract":"

Quantifying and understanding the natural streamflow regime, defined as expected streamflow that would occur in the absence of anthropogenic modification to the hydrologic system, is critically important for the development of management strategies aimed at protecting aquatic ecosystems. Water balance models have been applied frequently to estimate natural flows, but are limited in the number of predictor variables that can be included. Here, a statistical machine learning technique — random forest modeling — was applied to estimate natural flows at a monthly time‐step from 1950 to 2015 for >2.5 million stream reaches in the conterminous United States (U.S.) using 200 potential predictor variables. We describe the development and documentation of this dataset and assess model performance. Model fit statistics (mean Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency = 0.85; observed/expected ratio = 0.94) indicate good correspondence between predicted and observed flows at nearly 2,000 streamgages. As an example application of the dataset, the observed streamflow record at a site prior to and after the construction of an upstream reservoir was compared with estimated natural flows to demonstrate the magnitude of seasonal depletions in streamflow due to the reservoir. This dataset can be applied to quantify natural and anthropogenic processes contributing to streamflow depletion or augmentation, and assess associated ecological effects.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.12685","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.P., Carlisle, D.M., Wolock, D.M., and Wieczorek, M., 2018, A database of natural monthly streamflow estimates from 1950 to 2015 for the conterminous United States: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 54, no. 6, p. 1258-1269, https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12685.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1258","endPage":"1269","ipdsId":"IP-094353","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468395,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12685","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437752,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7CC0ZMG","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Natural Monthly Flow Estimates for the Conterminous United States, 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\"}}]}","volume":"54","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f9de4b0fc368eb53903","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Matthew P. 0000-0002-2537-1823 mamiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2537-1823","contributorId":3919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Matthew","email":"mamiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carlisle, Daren M. 0000-0002-7367-348X dcarlisle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7367-348X","contributorId":513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlisle","given":"Daren","email":"dcarlisle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wolock, David M. 0000-0002-6209-938X dwolock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-938X","contributorId":540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"David","email":"dwolock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wieczorek, Michael 0000-0003-0999-5457","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0999-5457","contributorId":207911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieczorek","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70199412,"text":"70199412 - 2018 - Identifying physics‐based thresholds for rainfall‐induced landsliding","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-23T16:50:13","indexId":"70199412","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-17T13:45:04","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying physics‐based thresholds for rainfall‐induced landsliding","docAbstract":"

Most regional landslide warning systems utilize empirically derived rainfall thresholds that are difficult to improve without recalibration to additional landslide events. To address this limitation, we explored the use of synthetic rainfall to generate thousands of possible storm patterns and coupled them with a physics‐based hydrology and slope stability model for various antecedent soil saturation scenarios to analyze pore‐water pressure and factor of safety metrics. We used these metrics to generate two‐tiered alert thresholds that can be employed to assess shallow landslide potential for any given combination of storm and antecedent wetness. When applied to the San Francisco Bay region (California, USA), the results are consistent with events that caused widespread landsliding. Our deterministic modeling approach, which accounts for plausible ranges in soil hydraulic and mechanical properties, can inform the development of the next generation of warning systems for rainfall‐induced landsliding.

","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2018GL079662","usgsCitation":"Thomas, M.A., Mirus, B.B., and Collins, B.D., 2018, Identifying physics‐based thresholds for rainfall‐induced landsliding: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 45, no. 18, p. 9651-9661, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL079662.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"9651","endPage":"9661","ipdsId":"IP-099617","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468396,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2018gl079662","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":357398,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"18","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f9de4b0fc368eb53905","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, Matthew A. 0000-0002-9828-5539 matthewthomas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9828-5539","contributorId":200616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Matthew","email":"matthewthomas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mirus, Benjamin B. 0000-0001-5550-014X bbmirus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5550-014X","contributorId":4064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mirus","given":"Benjamin","email":"bbmirus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5077,"text":"Northwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collins, Brian D. 0000-0003-4881-5359 bcollins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4881-5359","contributorId":149278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Brian","email":"bcollins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70199416,"text":"70199416 - 2018 - Rhizophagy cycle: An oxidative process in plants for nutrient extraction from symbiotic microbes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-17T13:42:07","indexId":"70199416","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-17T13:42:03","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5020,"text":"Microorganisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rhizophagy cycle: An oxidative process in plants for nutrient extraction from symbiotic microbes","docAbstract":"

In this paper, we describe a mechanism for the transfer of nutrients from symbiotic microbes (bacteria and fungi) to host plant roots that we term the ‘rhizophagy cycle.’ In the rhizophagy cycle, microbes alternate between a root intracellular endophytic phase and a free-living soil phase. Microbes acquire soil nutrients in the free-living soil phase; nutrients are extracted through exposure to host-produced reactive oxygen in the intracellular endophytic phase. We conducted experiments on several seed-vectored microbes in several host species. We found that initially the symbiotic microbes grow on the rhizoplane in the exudate zone adjacent the root meristem. Microbes enter root tip meristem cells—locating within the periplasmic spaces between cell wall and plasma membrane. In the periplasmic spaces of root cells, microbes convert to wall-less protoplast forms. As root cells mature, microbes continue to be subjected to reactive oxygen (superoxide) produced by NADPH oxidases (NOX) on the root cell plasma membranes. Reactive oxygen degrades some of the intracellular microbes, also likely inducing electrolyte leakage from microbes—effectively extracting nutrients from microbes. Surviving bacteria in root epidermal cells trigger root hair elongation and as hairs elongate bacteria exit at the hair tips, reforming cell walls and cell shapes as microbes emerge into the rhizosphere where they may obtain additional nutrients. Precisely what nutrients are transferred through rhizophagy or how important this process is for nutrient acquisition is still unknown.

","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms6030095","usgsCitation":"White, J., Kingsley, K.L., Verma, S.K., and Kowalski, K., 2018, Rhizophagy cycle: An oxidative process in plants for nutrient extraction from symbiotic microbes: Microorganisms, v. 6, no. 3, p. 1-20, https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms6030095.","productDescription":"Article 95; 20 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"20","ipdsId":"IP-101010","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468397,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms6030095","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":357397,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f9ee4b0fc368eb53907","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, James F.","contributorId":207914,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"James F.","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kingsley, Kathryn L.","contributorId":203176,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kingsley","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Verma, Satish Kumar","contributorId":203175,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Verma","given":"Satish","email":"","middleInitial":"Kumar","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kowalski, Kurt P. 0000-0002-8424-4701 kkowalski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8424-4701","contributorId":3768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kowalski","given":"Kurt P.","email":"kkowalski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70199421,"text":"70199421 - 2018 - Mapping the relationships between trail conditions and experiential elements of long-distance hiking","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-17T13:39:22","indexId":"70199421","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-17T13:39:16","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2603,"text":"Landscape and Urban Planning","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping the relationships between trail conditions and experiential elements of long-distance hiking","docAbstract":"

Trail users that experience acceptable social and ecological conditions are more likely to act as trail stewards, exhibit proper trail etiquette, and use low-impact practices. However, the relationships between specific trail conditions and experiential elements of long-distance hiking are not well understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify how trail conditions influence particular elements of the long-distance hiking experience. The researchers used a mixed-methods approach involving semi-structured interviews (n = 17), quantitative questionnaires (n = 336), ecological measurements of trail conditions (n = 21–5 km sections), and modified Recreation Suitability Mapping (RSM) techniques to quantify the relationships between five trail conditions (trail incision, muddiness, rugosity, trail width, and gradient) and four experiential elements of long-distance hiking (level of challenge, perceived impact to musculoskeletal system, valuation of tread aesthetics, and ability to maintain an ideal hiking pace). Quantified values were weighted, analyzed, and mapped using SPSS 22.0 and ArcMap 10.2.2. Significant differences exist in the scores and distributions of ecological measures across all sections, indicating that trail conditions vary significantly across sampled trail sections. Although, long-distance hikers felt all four experiential elements were important, tread aesthetics was ranked by 50.2% of sampled hikers as the most important experiential element to the overall experience. The resulting information after applying the weights suggests what particular type of experience is likely for each trail section considering the presence of trail conditions.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.06.010","usgsCitation":"Peterson, B.A., Brownlee, M.T., and Marion, J.L., 2018, Mapping the relationships between trail conditions and experiential elements of long-distance hiking: Landscape and Urban Planning, v. 180, p. 60-75, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.06.010.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"60","endPage":"75","ipdsId":"IP-098634","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468398,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.06.010","text":"External Repository"},{"id":357396,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Appalachian Trail","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.77294921875,\n 41.52502957323801\n ],\n [\n -68.90625,\n 41.52502957323801\n ],\n [\n -68.90625,\n 46.042735653846506\n ],\n [\n -74.77294921875,\n 46.042735653846506\n ],\n [\n -74.77294921875,\n 41.52502957323801\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"180","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f9ee4b0fc368eb53909","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, Brian A.","contributorId":207921,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37666,"text":"PhD student, Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brownlee, Matthew T.J.","contributorId":207922,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brownlee","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"T.J.","affiliations":[{"id":37667,"text":"Assistant Professor, Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marion, Jeffrey L. 0000-0003-2226-689X jeff_marion@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2226-689X","contributorId":3614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marion","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jeff_marion@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70197790,"text":"cir1444 - 2018 - Science for a risky world—A U.S. Geological Survey plan for risk research and applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T10:17:26","indexId":"cir1444","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-17T11:53:30","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1444","title":"Science for a risky world—A U.S. Geological Survey plan for risk research and applications","docAbstract":"

Executive Summary

Natural hazards—including earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, landslides, hurricanes, droughts, floods, wildfires, geomagnetic storms, and pandemics—can wreak havoc on human communities, the economy, and natural resources for years following an initial event. Hazards can claim lives and cause billions of dollars in damage to homes and infrastructure as well as lost or compromised economic activity and threats to national security. They also can have adverse environmental, social, economic, and health effects that extend well beyond the immediate area, sometimes with global implications. Changes in population growth, climate, and urbanization may exacerbate hazard impacts.

Because of the potential severity of a single hazard event, reducing risk—the potential loss of societally important assets caused by these hazards—is a high priority for everyone, including policy makers, community members, emergency managers, resource managers, utility operators, business owners, and planners. These stakeholders demand usable, user-centric information to support decisions for planning a resilient future and for responding to and recovering from unanticipated events in more adaptable and cost-effective ways.

Meeting this demand requires maximizing the use of environmental observations; hazards science; and research on communications, social stressors, and human behavior to deliver risk information in forms that are accessible by decision makers and the public alike. To achieve this, scientists and stakeholders must collaborate to match community needs with actionable insights, research, products, and tools, using advances in technology to improve information discovery and delivery.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1444","usgsCitation":"Ludwig, K.A., Ramsey, D.W., Wood, N.J., Pennaz, A.B., Godt, J.W., Plant, N.G., Luco, N., Koenig, T.A., Hudnut, K.W., Davis, D.K., and Bright, P.R., 2018, Science for a risky world—A U.S. Geological Survey plan for risk research and applications: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1444, 57 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1444.","productDescription":"v, 57 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-088387","costCenters":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357410,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1444/cir1444.pdf","text":"Report","size":"16 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"CIR 1444"},{"id":357409,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1444/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"

Office of Associate Director, Natural Hazards
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"publishedDate":"2018-09-17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f9ee4b0fc368eb5390d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ludwig, K. A. 0000-0002-0935-9410 kaludwig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0935-9410","contributorId":596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ludwig","given":"K.","email":"kaludwig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5059,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for National Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":738498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ramsey, David W. 0000-0003-1698-2523 dramsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1698-2523","contributorId":3819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"David","email":"dramsey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":738499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wood, Nathan J. 0000-0002-6060-9729 nwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6060-9729","contributorId":3347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Nathan","email":"nwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":738500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pennaz, A.B. 0000-0002-7336-2761","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7336-2761","contributorId":207947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pennaz","given":"A.B.","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":738501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Godt, Jonathan W. 0000-0002-8737-2493 jgodt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8737-2493","contributorId":1166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godt","given":"Jonathan","email":"jgodt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":738502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Plant, Nathaniel G. 0000-0002-5703-5672 nplant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-5672","contributorId":3503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plant","given":"Nathaniel","email":"nplant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":738503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Luco, Nico 0000-0002-5763-9847 nluco@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5763-9847","contributorId":145730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luco","given":"Nico","email":"nluco@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":738504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Koenig, Todd A. 0000-0001-5635-0219 tkoenig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5635-0219","contributorId":4463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koenig","given":"Todd","email":"tkoenig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":738505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hudnut, Kenneth W. 0000-0002-3168-4797 hudnut@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3168-4797","contributorId":2550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudnut","given":"Kenneth","email":"hudnut@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":738506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Davis, Donyelle K. 0000-0002-0627-0023","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0627-0023","contributorId":207948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Donyelle","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5072,"text":"Office of Communication and Publishing","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":738507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Bright, Patricia R. 0000-0002-9067-453X pbright@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9067-453X","contributorId":3968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bright","given":"Patricia","email":"pbright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":738508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70198035,"text":"ofr20181108 - 2018 - Continuous stream discharge, salinity, and associated data collected in the lower St. Johns River and its tributaries, Florida, 2016","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-17T15:12:35","indexId":"ofr20181108","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-17T08:52:41","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-1108","title":"Continuous stream discharge, salinity, and associated data collected in the lower St. Johns River and its tributaries, Florida, 2016","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Jacksonville District, plans to deepen the St. Johns River channel in Jacksonville, Florida, from 40 to 47 feet along 13 miles of the river channel, beginning at the mouth of the river at the Atlantic Ocean, to accommodate larger, fully loaded cargo vessels. The U.S. Geological Survey installed continuous data-collection stations to monitor discharge, salinity, and associated parameters at 22 sites prior to the commencement of dredging. The U.S. Geological Survey monitored stage and discharge at 13 sites, and water temperature, specific conductance, and salinity at 15 sites; some sites included all parameters.

This report contains information pertinent to the data collection sites from their installation date to September 2016, with additional information and data from Hurricane Matthew in October 2016. Site installations began in October 2015; all sites were installed and began collecting data by January 2016. All data available for each site after October 2015 are included in this report.

Discharge and salinity ranged widely during the data collection period, which included the effects of Hurricane Hermine in September 2016 and Hurricane Matthew in October 2016. Of the tributaries, annual mean discharge was greatest at Ortega River, followed by Cedar River, Julington Creek, Durbin Creek, and Clapboard Creek. Annual mean salinity for the main-stem sites indicates that salinity decreases with distance upstream, which is expected. The closest tributary site to the Atlantic Ocean (Clapboard Creek) produced the highest annual mean salinity of the tributaries, and Durbin Creek salinity was the lowest of all monitoring locations.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181108","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Ryan, P.J., 2018, Continuous stream discharge, salinity, and associated data collected in the lower St. Johns River and its tributaries, Florida, 2016: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1108, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181108.","productDescription":"viii, 28 p.","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-086635","costCenters":[{"id":5051,"text":"FLWSC-Orlando","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357273,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1108/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":357274,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1108/ofr20181108.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7.31 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018–1108"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"St. Johns River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -81,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -81,\n 30.5\n ],\n [\n -82,\n 30.5\n ],\n [\n -82,\n 29\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4446 Pet Lane, Suite 108
Lutz, FL 33559

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"publishedDate":"2018-09-17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f9ee4b0fc368eb5390f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ryan, Patrick J. 0000-0002-1490-4938 pryan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1490-4938","contributorId":203974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"Patrick","email":"pryan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5051,"text":"FLWSC-Orlando","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70200848,"text":"70200848 - 2018 - Integrated diet analyses reveal contrasting trophic niches for wild and hatchery juvenile Chinook Salmon in a large river delta","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-13T13:41:53","indexId":"70200848","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-17T08:47:01","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrated diet analyses reveal contrasting trophic niches for wild and hatchery juvenile Chinook Salmon in a large river delta","docAbstract":"

Hatchery programs have been used as a conservation tool to bolster declining populations of Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha along much of the North American Pacific coast. In many watersheds, hatchery stocks are released concurrently with the wild population, thus raising the potential for density‐dependent effects. Competition for prey resources during the critical period for early marine growth and survival may diminish the foraging capacity and growth potential of wild Chinook Salmon, highlighting the importance of a diverse and productive delta habitat mosaic. We used an integrated diet approach with stomach content and stable isotope analyses to evaluate contrasting patterns of habitat use and prey consumption in a fall‐run population of juvenile Chinook Salmon from the Nisqually River delta in Puget Sound, Washington. We examined size‐class and origin‐level differences throughout a gradient of delta habitat types. Wild (unmarked) and hatchery juveniles exhibited distinct habitat use patterns whereby unmarked fish were captured more frequently in tidally influenced freshwater and mesohaline emergent marsh areas, while hatchery fish were caught more often in the nearshore intertidal zone. Consequently, hatchery fish were less likely to consume the energy‐dense terrestrial insects that were more common in freshwater and brackish marshes. Stable isotope signatures from muscle and liver tissues corroborated this finding, showing that unmarked juveniles had derived 24–31% of their diets from terrestrially sourced prey, while terrestrial insects only made up 2–8% of hatchery fish diets. This may explain why unmarked fish were in better condition than hatchery fish and had stomach contents that were 15% more energy‐rich than those of hatchery fish. We did not observe strong evidence for trophic overlap in juvenile Chinook Salmon of different rearing origins, but our results suggest that hatchery juveniles could be more sensitive to diet‐mediated effects on growth and survival.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10088","usgsCitation":"Davis, M.J., Woo, I., Ellings, C.S., Hodgson, S., Beauchamp, D.A., Nakai, G., and De La Cruz, S.E., 2018, Integrated diet analyses reveal contrasting trophic niches for wild and hatchery juvenile Chinook Salmon in a large river delta: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 147, no. 5, p. 818-841, https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10088.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"818","endPage":"841","ipdsId":"IP-098357","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359266,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Nisqually River delta, Puget Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.74440765380858,\n 47.022631553729966\n ],\n [\n -122.66407012939452,\n 47.022631553729966\n ],\n [\n -122.66407012939452,\n 47.11172875008271\n ],\n [\n -122.74440765380858,\n 47.11172875008271\n ],\n [\n -122.74440765380858,\n 47.022631553729966\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"147","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5be40822e4b0b3fc5cf7cc06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Melanie J. 0000-0003-1734-7177","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1734-7177","contributorId":202773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Melanie","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woo, Isa 0000-0002-8447-9236 iwoo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8447-9236","contributorId":2524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woo","given":"Isa","email":"iwoo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellings, Christopher S.","contributorId":149343,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ellings","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":17711,"text":"Dep't Natural Resources, Nisqually Indian Tribe, Olympia, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hodgson, Sayre","contributorId":172121,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hodgson","given":"Sayre","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":26985,"text":"Nisqually Indian Tribe, Olympia, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Beauchamp, David A. 0000-0002-3592-8381 fadave@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3592-8381","contributorId":4205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beauchamp","given":"David","email":"fadave@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nakai, Glynnis","contributorId":172123,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nakai","given":"Glynnis","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":26986,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service, Nisqually Nat'l Wildlife Refuge, Olympia, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"De La Cruz, Susan E.W. 0000-0001-6315-0864 sdelacruz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6315-0864","contributorId":3248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De La Cruz","given":"Susan","email":"sdelacruz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.W.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70200635,"text":"70200635 - 2018 - Inferring watershed hydraulics and cold-water habitat persistence using multi-year air and stream temperature signals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-25T14:28:37","indexId":"70200635","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-15T14:28:30","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inferring watershed hydraulics and cold-water habitat persistence using multi-year air and stream temperature signals","docAbstract":"

Streams strongly influenced by groundwater discharge may serve as “climate refugia” for sensitive species in regions of increasingly marginal thermal conditions. The main goal of this study is to develop paired air and stream water annual temperature signal analysis techniques to elucidate the relative groundwater contribution to stream water and the effective groundwater flowpath depth. Groundwater discharge to streams attenuates surface water temperature signals, and this attenuation can be diagnostic of groundwater gaining systems. Additionally, discharge from shallow groundwater flowpaths can theoretically transfer lagged annual temperature signals from aquifer to stream water. Here we explore this concept using multi-year temperature records from 120 stream sites located across 18 mountain watersheds of Shenandoah National Park, VA, USA and a coastal watershed in Massachusetts, USA. Both areas constitute important cold-water habitat for native brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). Observed annual temperature signals indicate a dominance of shallow groundwater discharge to streams in the National Park, in contrast to the coastal watershed that has strong, apparently deeper, groundwater influence. The average phase lag from air to stream signals in Shenandoah National Park is 11 d; however, extended lags of approximately 1 month were observed in a subset of streams. In contrast, the coastal stream has pronounced attenuation of annual temperature signals without notable phase lag. To better understand these observed differences in signal characteristics, analytical and numerical models are used to quantify mixing of the annual temperature signals of surface and groundwater. Simulations using a total heat budget numerical model indicate groundwater-induced annual temperature signal phase lags are likely to show greater downstream propagation than the related signal amplitude attenuation. The measurement of multi-seasonal paired air and water temperatures offers great promise toward understanding catchment processes and informing current cold-water habitat management at ecologically-relevant scales.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.344","usgsCitation":"Briggs, M.A., Johnson, Z., Snyder, C.D., Hitt, N.P., Kurylyk, B.L., Lautz, L.K., Irvine, D.J., Hurley, S.T., and Lane, J., 2018, Inferring watershed hydraulics and cold-water habitat persistence using multi-year air and stream temperature signals: Science of the Total Environment, v. 636, p. 1117-1127, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.344.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1117","endPage":"1127","ipdsId":"IP-097305","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460849,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.344","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":358826,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Shenandoah National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.9,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -78.1,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -78.1,\n 38.9\n ],\n [\n -78.9,\n 38.9\n ],\n [\n -78.9,\n 38\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"636","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a940e4b034bf6a7e50d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Briggs, Martin A. 0000-0003-3206-4132 mbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3206-4132","contributorId":4114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Martin","email":"mbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Zachary C.","contributorId":146195,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Zachary C.","affiliations":[{"id":12643,"text":"Duke University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Snyder, Craig D. 0000-0002-3448-597X csnyder@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3448-597X","contributorId":2568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"Craig","email":"csnyder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hitt, Nathaniel P. 0000-0002-1046-4568 nhitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1046-4568","contributorId":4435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitt","given":"Nathaniel","email":"nhitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kurylyk, Barret L.","contributorId":176296,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kurylyk","given":"Barret","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lautz, Laura K.","contributorId":124523,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lautz","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5082,"text":"Syracuse University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Irvine, Dylan J.","contributorId":190404,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Irvine","given":"Dylan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hurley, Stephen T.","contributorId":138980,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hurley","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":12605,"text":"Mass Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. 0000-0002-3558-243X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-243X","contributorId":210076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John W.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70199370,"text":"70199370 - 2018 - Mercury and lead exposure in avian scavengers from the Pacific Northwest suggest risks to California condors: Implications for reintroduction and recovery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-14T15:01:56","indexId":"70199370","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-14T15:01:53","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury and lead exposure in avian scavengers from the Pacific Northwest suggest risks to California condors: Implications for reintroduction and recovery","docAbstract":"

Mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb) are widespread contaminants that pose risks to avian scavengers. In fact, Pb exposure is the primary factor limiting population recovery in the endangered California condor (Gymnogyps californianus) and Hg can impair avian reproduction at environmentally relevant exposures. The Pacific Northwest region of the US was historically part of the condor's native range, and efforts are underway to expand recovery into this area. To identify potential threats to reintroduced condors we assessed foraging habitats, Hg and Pb exposure, and physiological responses in two surrogate avian scavenger species (common ravens [Corvus corax] and turkey vultures [Cathartes aura] across the region between 2012 and 2016. Mercury exposure near the Pacific coast was 17–27-fold higher than in inland areas, and stable carbon and sulfur isotopes ratios indicated that coastal scavengers were highly reliant on marine prey. In contrast, Pb concentrations were uniformly elevated across the region, with 18% of the birds exposed to subclinical poisoning levels. Elevated Pb concentrations were associated with lower delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (δ-ALAD) activity, and in ravens there was an interactive effect between Hg and Pb on fecal corticosterone concentrations. This interaction indicated that the effects of Hg and Pb exposure on the stress axis are bidirectional, and depend on the magnitude of simultaneous exposure to the other contaminant. Our results suggest that condors released to the Pacific Northwest may be exposed to both elevated Hg and Pb, posing challenges to management of future condor populations in the Pacific Northwest. Developing a robust monitoring program for reintroduced condors and surrogate scavengers will help both better understand the drivers of exposure and predict the likelihood of impaired health. These findings provide a strong foundation for such an effort, providing resource managers with valuable information to help mitigate potential risks.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.005","usgsCitation":"Herring, G., Eagles-Smith, C.A., and Varland, D.E., 2018, Mercury and lead exposure in avian scavengers from the Pacific Northwest suggest risks to California condors: Implications for reintroduction and recovery: Environmental Pollution, v. 243, no. Part A, p. 610-619, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.005.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"610","endPage":"619","ipdsId":"IP-099281","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488775,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.005","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437753,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P979FAZK","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Pacific Northwest Avian Scavenger Lead and Mercury Dataset, 2012-2016"},{"id":357349,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"243","issue":"Part A","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f9ee4b0fc368eb53911","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herring, Garth 0000-0003-1106-4731 gherring@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1106-4731","contributorId":4403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herring","given":"Garth","email":"gherring@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285 ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin","email":"ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Varland, Daniel E.","contributorId":207776,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Varland","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37634,"text":"Coastal Raptors","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70199364,"text":"70199364 - 2018 - Weathering of oil in a surficial aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-14T14:57:49","indexId":"70199364","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-14T14:57:39","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Weathering of oil in a surficial aquifer","docAbstract":"

The composition of crude oil in a surficial aquifer was determined in two locations at the Bemidji, MN, spill site. The abundances of 71 individual hydrocarbons varied within 16 locations sampled. Little depletion of these hydrocarbons (relative to the pipeline oil) occurred in the first 10 years after the spill, whereas losses of 25% to 85% of the total measured hydrocarbons occurred after 30 years. The C6‐30 n‐alkanes, toluene, and o‐xylene were the most depleted hydrocarbons. Some hydrocarbons, such as the n‐C10–24cyclohexanes, tri‐ and tetra‐ methylbenzenes, acyclic isoprenoids, and naphthalenes were the least depleted. Benzene was detected at every sampling location 30 years after the spill. Degradation of the oil led to increases in the percent organic carbon and in the δ 13C of the oil. Another method of determining hydrocarbon loss was by normalizing the total measured hydrocarbon concentrations to that of the most conservative analytes. This method indicated that the total measured hydrocarbons were depleted by 47% to 77% and loss of the oil mass over 30 years was 18% to 31%. Differences in hydrocarbon depletion were related to the depth of the oil in the aquifer, local topography, amount of recharge reaching the oil, availability of electron acceptors, and the presence of less permeable soils above the oil. The results from this study indicate that once crude oil has been in the subsurface for a number of years there is no longer a “starting oil concentration” that can be used to understand processes that affect its fate and the transport of hydrocarbons in groundwater.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12619","usgsCitation":"Baedecker, M.J., Eganhouse, R.P., Qi, H., Cozzarelli, I.M., Trost, J.J., and Bekins, B.A., 2018, Weathering of oil in a surficial aquifer: Groundwater, v. 56, no. 5, p. 797-809, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12619.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"797","endPage":"809","ipdsId":"IP-086452","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437755,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F75Q4TJ1","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Weathering of Oil in a Surficial Aquifer, Bemidji, MN"},{"id":357348,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","city":"Bemidji","volume":"56","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-11-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f9ee4b0fc368eb53913","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baedecker, Mary Jo 0000-0002-4865-1043 mjbaedec@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4865-1043","contributorId":197793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baedecker","given":"Mary","email":"mjbaedec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Jo","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eganhouse, Robert P. 0000-0002-2075-5908 eganhous@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2075-5908","contributorId":206243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eganhouse","given":"Robert","email":"eganhous@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Qi, Haiping 0000-0002-8339-744X haipingq@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8339-744X","contributorId":507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qi","given":"Haiping","email":"haipingq@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cozzarelli, Isabelle M. 0000-0002-5123-1007 icozzare@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":1693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"Isabelle","email":"icozzare@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Trost, Jared J. 0000-0003-0431-2151 jtrost@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0431-2151","contributorId":3749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trost","given":"Jared","email":"jtrost@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bekins, Barbara A. 0000-0002-1411-6018 babekins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1411-6018","contributorId":1348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bekins","given":"Barbara","email":"babekins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70199360,"text":"70199360 - 2018 - Incorporating teleseismic tomography data into models of upper mantle slab geometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-14T12:40:49","indexId":"70199360","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-14T12:40:46","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Incorporating teleseismic tomography data into models of upper mantle slab geometry","docAbstract":"

Earthquake-based models of slab geometry are limited by the distribution of earthquakes within a subducting slab, which is often heterogeneous. The fast seismic velocity signature of slabs in tomography studies is independent of the distribution of earthquakes within the slab, providing a critical constraint on slab geometry when earthquakes are absent. In order to utilize this constraint, researchers typically hand-contour images of subducting slabs in tomography models, leading to a subjective final slab model. With this paper, we present an automated procedure for extracting slab geometry from teleseismic tomography volumes that limits this subjectivity and provides constraints on the structure of aseismic segments of slabs. This procedure is designed as a complement to earthquake-based slab models rather than as a replacement, which can help to broaden the extent of existing subduction zone geometry databases.

","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/gji/ggy279","usgsCitation":"Portner, D.E., and Hayes, G.P., 2018, Incorporating teleseismic tomography data into models of upper mantle slab geometry: Geophysical Journal International, v. 215, no. 1, p. 325-332, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggy279.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"325","endPage":"332","ipdsId":"IP-098283","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468399,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggy279","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":357335,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"215","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02f9fe4b0fc368eb53915","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Portner, Daniel E. 0000-0002-3478-6203","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3478-6203","contributorId":207877,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Portner","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayes, Gavin P. 0000-0003-3323-0112 ghayes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3323-0112","contributorId":147556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Gavin","email":"ghayes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}