Accurate and reliable evapotranspiration (ET) datasets are crucial in regional water and energy balance studies. Due to the complex instrumentation requirements, actual ET values are generally estimated from reference ET values by adjustment factors using coefficients for water stress and vegetation conditions, commonly referred to as crop coefficients. Until recently, the modeling of reference ET has been solely based on important weather variables collected from weather stations that are generally located in selected agro-climatic locations. Since 2001, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) has been producing six-hourly climate parameter datasets that are used to calculate daily reference ET for the whole globe at 1-degree spatial resolution. The U.S. Geological Survey Center for Earth Resources Observation and Science has been producing daily reference ET (ETo) since 2001, and it has been used on a variety of operational hydrological models for drought and streamflow monitoring all over the world. With the increasing availability of local station-based reference ET estimates, we evaluated the GDAS-based reference ET estimates using data from the California Irrigation Management Information System (CIMIS). Daily CIMIS reference ET estimates from 85 stations were compared with GDAS-based reference ET at different spatial and temporal scales using five-year daily data from 2002 through 2006. Despite the large difference in spatial scale (point vs. ∼100 km grid cell) between the two datasets, the correlations between station-based ET and GDAS-ET were very high, exceeding 0.97 on a daily basis to more than 0.99 on time scales of more than 10 days. Both the temporal and spatial correspondences in trend/pattern and magnitudes between the two datasets were satisfactory, suggesting the reliability of using GDAS parameter-based reference ET for regional water and energy balance studies in many parts of the world. While the study revealed the potential of GDAS ETo for large-scale hydrological applications, site-specific use of GDAS ETo in complex hydro-climatic regions such as coastal areas and rugged terrain may require the application of bias correction and/or disaggregation of the GDAS ETo using downscaling techniques.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2008.00195.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Senay, G., Verdin, J., Lietzow, R., and Melesse, A.M., 2008, Global daily reference evapotranspiration modeling and evaluation: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 44, no. 4, p. 969-979, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2008.00195.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"969","endPage":"979","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203573,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18793,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2008.00195.x"}],"volume":"44","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-07-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abee4b07f02db674cf3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senay, G.B. 0000-0002-8810-8539","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":17741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"G.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Verdin, J. P. 0000-0003-0238-9657","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0238-9657","contributorId":33033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verdin","given":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lietzow, R.","contributorId":89648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lietzow","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Melesse, Assefa M.","contributorId":45044,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Melesse","given":"Assefa","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7003,"text":"Deprtment of Earth & Environmental ECS 339, Florida Interational University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":345449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70000313,"text":"70000313 - 2008 - North polar region of Mars: Advances in stratigraphy, structure, and erosional modification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-11T08:41:00","indexId":"70000313","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:22","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"North polar region of Mars: Advances in stratigraphy, structure, and erosional modification","docAbstract":"We have remapped the geology of the north polar plateau on Mars, Planum Boreum, and the surrounding plains of Vastitas Borealis using altimetry and image data along with thematic maps resulting from observations made by the Mars Global Surveyor, Mars Odyssey, Mars Express, and Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter spacecraft. New and revised geographic and geologic terminologies assist with effectively discussing the various features of this region. We identify 7 geologic units making up Planum Boreum and at least 3 for the circumpolar plains, which collectively span the entire Amazonian Period. The Planum Boreum units resolve at least 6 distinct depositional and 5 erosional episodes. The first major stage of activity includes the Early Amazonian (∼3 to 1 Ga) deposition (and subsequent erosion) of the thick (locally exceeding 1000 m) and evenly-layered Rupes Tenuis unit (Abrt), which ultimately formed approximately half of the base of Planum Boreum. As previously suggested, this unit may be sourced by materials derived from the nearby Scandia region, and we interpret that it may correlate with the deposits that regionally underlie pedestal craters in the surrounding lowland plains. The second major episode of activity during the Middle to Late Amazonian (
The Shenandoah River (VA, USA), the largest tributary of the Potomac River (MD, USA) and an important source of drinking water, has been the site of extensive fish kills since 2004. Previous investigations indicate environmental stressors may be adversely modulating the immune system of smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) and other species. Anterior kidney (AK) tissue, the major site of blood cell production in fish, was collected from smallmouth bass at three sites along the Shenandoah River. The tissue was divided for immune function and proteomics analyses. Bactericidal activity and respiratory burst were significantly different between North Fork and mainstem Shenandoah River smallmouth bass, whereas South Fork AK tissue did not significantly differ in either of these measures compared with the other sites. Cytotoxic cell activity was highest among South Fork and lowest among North Fork AK leukocytes. The composite two‐dimension gels of the North Fork and mainstem smallmouth bass AK tissues contained 584 and 591 spots, respectively. South Fork smallmouth bass AK expressed only 335 proteins. Nineteen of 50 proteins analyzed by matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization‐time of flight were successfully identified. Three of the four identified proteins with increased expression in South Fork AK tissue were involved in metabolism. Seven proteins exclusive to mainstem and North Fork smallmouth bass AK and expressed at comparable abundances serve immune and stress response functions. The proteomics data indicate these fish differ in metabolic capacity of AK tissue and in the ability to produce functional leukocytes. The variable responses of the immune function assays further indicate disruption to the immune system. Our results allow us to hypothesize underlying physiological changes that may relate to fish kills and suggest relevant contaminants known to produce similar physiological disruption.
For some 19 areas of Titan's surface, the Cassini RADAR instrument has obtained synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images during two different flybys. The time interval between flybys varies from several weeks to two years. We have used the apparent misregistration (by 10-30 km) of features between separate flybys to construct a refined model of Titan's spin state, estimating six parameters: north pole right ascension and declination, spin rate, and these quantities' first time derivatives We determine a pole location with right ascension of 39.48 degrees and declination of 83.43 degrees corresponding to a 0.3 degree obliquity. We determine the spin rate to be 22.5781 deg day -1 or 0.001 deg day-1 faster than the synchronous spin rate. Our estimated corrections to the pole and spin rate exceed their corresponding standard errors by factors of 80 and 8, respectively. We also found that the rate of change in the pole right ascension is -30 deg century-1, ten times faster than right ascension rate of change for the orbit normal. The spin rate is increasing at a rate of 0.05 deg day -1 per century. We observed no significant change in pole declination over the period for which we have data. Applying our pole correction reduces the feature misregistration from tens of km to 3 km. Applying the spin rate and derivative corrections further reduces the misregistration to 1.2 km.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Astronomical Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Astronomical Society","doi":"10.1088/0004-6256/135/5/1669","issn":"00046256","usgsCitation":"Stiles, B., Kirk, R.L., Lorenz, R.D., Hensley, S., Lee, E., Ostro, S., Allison, M., Callahan, P., Gim, Y., Iess, L., Marmo, D., Hamilton, G., Johnson, W., and West, R., 2008, Determining Titan's spin state from Cassini RADAR images: Astronomical Journal, v. 135, no. 5, p. 1669-1680, https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/135/5/1669.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1669","endPage":"1680","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203644,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Titan","volume":"135","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-03-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667369","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stiles, B.W.","contributorId":43900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stiles","given":"B.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kirk, Randolph L. 0000-0003-0842-9226 rkirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226","contributorId":2765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randolph","email":"rkirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":346222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lorenz, R. D.","contributorId":90441,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lorenz","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hensley, S.","contributorId":6175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hensley","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lee, E.","contributorId":47716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ostro, S.J.","contributorId":45814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostro","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Allison, M.D.","contributorId":76056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allison","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Callahan, P.S.","contributorId":43478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Callahan","given":"P.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gim, Y.","contributorId":14934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gim","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Iess, L.","contributorId":105837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iess","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Marmo, Del","contributorId":63929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marmo","given":"Del","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Hamilton, G.","contributorId":108236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Johnson, W.T.K.","contributorId":27174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W.T.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"West, R.D.","contributorId":103399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"West","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70000477,"text":"70000477 - 2008 - Using bioenergetics modeling to estimate consumption of native juvenile salmonids by nonnative northern pike in the Upper Flathead River System, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-22T10:13:17","indexId":"70000477","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using bioenergetics modeling to estimate consumption of native juvenile salmonids by nonnative northern pike in the Upper Flathead River System, Montana","docAbstract":"Introductions of nonnative northern pike Esox lucius have created recreational fisheries in many waters in the United States and Canada, yet many studies have shown that introduced northern pike may alter the composition and structure of fish communities through predation. We estimated the abundance of nonnative northern pike (2002-2003) and applied food habits data (1999-2003) to estimate their annual consumption of native bull trout Salvelinus confluentus and westslope cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi juveniles in the upper Flathead River system, Montana. Population estimates were generally consistent among years and ranged from 1,200 to 1,300 individuals. Westslope cutthroat trout were present in the diet of younger (???600 mm) and older (>600 mm) northern pike during all seasons and bull trout were found only in larger northern pike during all seasons but summer. Bioenergetics modeling estimated that the northern pike population annually consumed a total of 8.0 metric tons (mt) of fish flesh; the highest biomass was composed of cyprinids (4.95 mt) followed by whitefishes Prosopium spp. (1.02 mt), bull trout (0.80 mt), westslope cutthroat trout (0.68 mt), yellow perch Perca flavescens (0.41 mt),1 and other fishes (centrarchids and cottids; 0.14 mt). Numerically, the northern pike population consumed more than 342,000 fish; cyprinids and catostomids comprised approximately 82% of prey fish (278,925), whereas over 13,000 westslope cutthroat trout and nearly 3,500 bull trout were eaten, comprising about 5% of the prey consumed. Our results suggest that predation by introduced northern pike is contributing to the lower abundance of native salmonids in the system and that a possible benefit might accrue to native salmonids by reducing these predatory interactions. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2008.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/M07-004.1","usgsCitation":"Muhlfeld, C., Bennett, D., Kirk, S.R., Marotz, B., and Boyer, M., 2008, Using bioenergetics modeling to estimate consumption of native juvenile salmonids by nonnative northern pike in the Upper Flathead River System, Montana: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 28, no. 3, p. 636-648, https://doi.org/10.1577/M07-004.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"636","endPage":"648","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203394,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18891,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M07-004.1"}],"volume":"28","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adfe4b07f02db6879d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muhlfeld, C.C.","contributorId":97850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhlfeld","given":"C.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bennett, D.H.","contributorId":28698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirk, Steinhorst R.","contributorId":74114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Steinhorst","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marotz, B.","contributorId":48684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marotz","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Boyer, M.","contributorId":80390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyer","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70000517,"text":"70000517 - 2008 - Evaluating the effects of historical land cover change on summertime weather and climate in New Jersey: Land cover and surface energy budget changes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-18T16:55:15.838611","indexId":"70000517","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7442,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating the effects of historical land cover change on summertime weather and climate in New Jersey: Land cover and surface energy budget changes","docAbstract":"The 19th-century agrarian landscape of New Jersey (NJ) and the surrounding region has been extensively transformed to the present-day land cover by urbanization, reforestation, and localized areas of deforestation. This study used a mesoscale atmospheric numerical model to investigate the sensitivity of the warm season climate of NJ to these land cover changes. Reconstructed 1880s-era and present-day land cover data sets were used as surface boundary conditions for a set of simulations performed with the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS). Three-member ensembles with historical and present-day land cover were compared to examine the sensitivity of surface air and dew point temperatures, rainfall, and the individual components of the surface energy budget to these land cover changes. Mean temperatures for the present-day landscape were 0.3-0.6??C warmer than for the historical landscape over a considerable portion of NJ and the surrounding region, with daily maximum temperatures at least 1.0??C warmer over some of the highly urbanized locations. Reforested regions, however, were slightly cooler. Dew point temperatures decreased by 0.3-0.6??C, suggesting drier, less humid near-surface air for the present-day landscape. Surface warming was generally associated with repartitioning of net radiation from latent to sensible heat flux, and conversely for cooling. While urbanization was accompanied by strong surface albedo decreases and increases in net shortwave radiation, reforestation and potential changes in forest composition have generally increased albedos and also enhanced landscape heterogeneity. The increased deciduousness of forests may have further reduced net downward longwave radiation. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2007JD008514","usgsCitation":"Wichansky, P.S., Steyaert, L.T., Walko, R.L., and Waever, C.P., 2008, Evaluating the effects of historical land cover change on summertime weather and climate in New Jersey: Land cover and surface energy budget changes: Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, v. 113, no. 10, D10107, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD008514.","productDescription":"D10107, 25 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476538,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007jd008514","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":203627,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New 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Jersey\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"113","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-05-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a50e4b07f02db62968d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wichansky, P. S.","contributorId":7401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wichansky","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steyaert, L. T.","contributorId":71303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steyaert","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walko, R. L.","contributorId":25521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walko","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Waever, C. P.","contributorId":32276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waever","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70000481,"text":"70000481 - 2008 - Use of landsat ETM+ SLC-off segment-based gap-filled imagery for crop type mapping","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T14:38:53","indexId":"70000481","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1753,"text":"Geocarto International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of landsat ETM+ SLC-off segment-based gap-filled imagery for crop type mapping","docAbstract":"Failure of the Scan Line Corrector (SLC) on the Landsat ETM+ sensor has had a major impact on many applications that rely on continuous medium resolution imagery to meet their objectives. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Cropland Data Layer (CDL) program uses Landsat imagery as the primary source of data to produce crop-specific maps for 20 states in the USA. A new method has been developed to fill the image gaps resulting from the SLC failure to support the needs of Landsat users who require coincident spectral data, such as for crop type mapping and monitoring. We tested the new gap-filled method for a CDL crop type mapping project in eastern Nebraska. Scan line gaps were simulated on two Landsat 5 images (spring and late summer 2003) and then gap-filled using landscape boundary models, or segment models, that were derived from 1992 and 2002 Landsat images (used in the gap-fill process). Various date combinations of original and gap-filled images were used to derive crop maps using a supervised classification process. Overall kappa values were slightly higher for crop maps derived from SLC-off gap-filled images compared to crop maps derived from the original imagery (0.3–1.3% higher). Although the age of the segment model used to derive the SLC-off gap-filled product did not negatively impact the overall agreement, differences in individual cover type agreement did increase (−0.8%–1.6% using the 2002 segment model to −5.0–5.1% using the 1992 segment model). Classification agreement also decreased for most of the classes as the size of the segment used in the gap-fill process increased.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10106040701207399","issn":"10106049","usgsCitation":"Maxwell, S., and Craig, M., 2008, Use of landsat ETM+ SLC-off segment-based gap-filled imagery for crop type mapping: Geocarto International, v. 23, no. 3, p. 169-179, https://doi.org/10.1080/10106040701207399.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"179","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203743,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18895,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10106040701207399"}],"volume":"23","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db6044cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maxwell, S.K.","contributorId":36665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maxwell","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Craig, M.E.","contributorId":39107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Craig","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70000512,"text":"70000512 - 2008 - Mangrove production and carbon sinks: A revision of global budget estimates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:38","indexId":"70000512","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1836,"text":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mangrove production and carbon sinks: A revision of global budget estimates","docAbstract":"Mangrove forests are highly productive but globally threatened coastal ecosystems, whose role in the carbon budget of the coastal zone has long been debated. Here we provide a comprehensive synthesis of the available data on carbon fluxes in mangrove ecosystems. A reassessment of global mangrove primary production from the literature results in a conservative estimate of ???-218 ?? 72 Tg C a-1. When using the best available estimates of various carbon sinks (organic carbon export, sediment burial, and mineralization), it appears that >50% of the carbon fixed by mangrove vegetation is unaccounted for. This unaccounted carbon sink is conservatively estimated at ??? 112 ?? 85 Tg C a-1, equivalent in magnitude to ??? 30-40% of the global riverine organic carbon input to the coastal zone. Our analysis suggests that mineralization is severely underestimated, and that the majority of carbon export from mangroves to adjacent waters occurs as dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). CO2 efflux from sediments and creek waters and tidal export of DIC appear to be the major sinks. These processes are quantitatively comparable in magnitude to the unaccounted carbon sink in current budgets, but are not yet adequately constrained with the limited published data available so far. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007GB003052","issn":"08866236","usgsCitation":"Bouillon, S., Borges, A., Castaneda-Moya, E., Diele, K., Dittmar, T., Duke, N., Kristensen, E., Lee, S., Marchand, C., Middelburg, J.J., Rivera-Monroy, V., Smith, T.J., and Twilley, R., 2008, Mangrove production and carbon sinks: A revision of global budget estimates: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, v. 22, no. 2, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GB003052.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476535,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007gb003052","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":203589,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18917,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007GB003052"}],"volume":"22","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-05-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64ade7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bouillon, S.","contributorId":12165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bouillon","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Borges, A.V.","contributorId":83648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borges","given":"A.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Castaneda-Moya, E.","contributorId":7814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castaneda-Moya","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Diele, K.","contributorId":64373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diele","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dittmar, T.","contributorId":27986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dittmar","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Duke, N.C.","contributorId":8597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duke","given":"N.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kristensen, E.","contributorId":49907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kristensen","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lee, S.-Y.","contributorId":75669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"S.-Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Marchand, C.","contributorId":13728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marchand","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Middelburg, J. J.","contributorId":105417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Middelburg","given":"J.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Rivera-Monroy, V. H.","contributorId":83243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rivera-Monroy","given":"V. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Smith, T. J. III","contributorId":24303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"T.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Twilley, R.R.","contributorId":94647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twilley","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70000520,"text":"70000520 - 2008 - Hydrocarbon lakes on Titan: Distribution and interaction with a porous regolith","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-05T16:39:34","indexId":"70000520","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrocarbon lakes on Titan: Distribution and interaction with a porous regolith","docAbstract":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images of Titan's north polar region reveal quasi‐circular to complex features which are interpreted to be liquid hydrocarbon lakes. We investigate methane transport in Titan's hydrologic cycle using the global distribution of lake features. As of May 2007, the SAR data set covers ∼22% of the surface and indicates multiple lake morphologies which are correlated across the polar region. Lakes are limited to latitudes above 55°N and vary from <10 to more than 100,000 km2. The size and location of lakes provide constraints on parameters associated with subsurface transport. Using porous media properties inferred from Huygens probe observations, timescales for flow into and out of observed lakes are shown to be in the tens of years, similar to seasonal cycles. Derived timescales are compared to the time between collocated SAR observations in order to consider the role of subsurface transport in Titan's hydrologic cycle.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2008GL033409","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Hayes, A., Aharonson, O., Callahan, P., Elachi, C., Gim, Y., Kirk, R.L., Lewis, K., Lopes, R., Lorenz, R., Lunine, J., Mitchell, K., Mitri, G., Stofan, E., and Wall, S., 2008, Hydrocarbon lakes on Titan: Distribution and interaction with a porous regolith: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 35, no. 9, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL033409.","productDescription":"6 p.","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476544,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008gl033409","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":203667,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Titan","volume":"35","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-05-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a50e4b07f02db6292fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hayes, A.","contributorId":26415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aharonson, O.","contributorId":105030,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aharonson","given":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Callahan, P.","contributorId":22889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Callahan","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Elachi, C.","contributorId":104606,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elachi","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gim, Y.","contributorId":14934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gim","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kirk, Randolph L. 0000-0003-0842-9226 rkirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226","contributorId":2765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randolph","email":"rkirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":346172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lewis, K.","contributorId":74861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lopes, R.","contributorId":61554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopes","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lorenz, R.","contributorId":49503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenz","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Lunine, J.","contributorId":42335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lunine","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Mitchell, Ken","contributorId":8211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Ken","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Mitri, Giuseppe","contributorId":35052,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitri","given":"Giuseppe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Stofan, E.","contributorId":99268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stofan","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Wall, S.","contributorId":103774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wall","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70000487,"text":"70000487 - 2008 - A reference data set of hillslope rainfall-runoff response, Panola Mountain Research Watershed, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:36","indexId":"70000487","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A reference data set of hillslope rainfall-runoff response, Panola Mountain Research Watershed, United States","docAbstract":"Although many hillslope hydrologic investigations have been conducted in different climate, topographic, and geologic settings, subsurface stormflow remains a poorly characterized runoff process. Few, if any, of the existing data sets from these hillslope investigations are available for use by the scientific community for model development and validation or conceptualization of subsurface stormflow. We present a high-resolution spatial and temporal rainfall-runoff data set generated from the Panola Mountain Research Watershed trenched experimental hillslope. The data set includes surface and subsurface (bedrock surface) topographic information and time series of lateral subsurface flow at the trench, rainfall, and subsurface moisture content (distributed soil moisture content and groundwater levels) from January to June 2002. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007WR006299","issn":"00431397","usgsCitation":"Tromp-van, M.H., James, A., McDonnell, J.J., and Peters, N., 2008, A reference data set of hillslope rainfall-runoff response, Panola Mountain Research Watershed, United States: Water Resources Research, v. 44, no. 6, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006299.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476543,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007wr006299","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":203405,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18899,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006299"}],"volume":"44","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a848b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tromp-van, Meerveld H. J. H. J.","contributorId":54710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tromp-van","given":"Meerveld","suffix":"H. J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"James, A.L.","contributorId":40710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"James","given":"A.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McDonnell, Jeffery J. 0000-0002-3880-3162","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3880-3162","contributorId":62723,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDonnell","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peters, N.E.","contributorId":33332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70000482,"text":"70000482 - 2008 - Analytical and numerical analyses of an unconfined aquifer test considering unsaturated zone characteristics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:33","indexId":"70000482","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analytical and numerical analyses of an unconfined aquifer test considering unsaturated zone characteristics","docAbstract":"A 7-d, constant rate aquifer test conducted by University of Waterloo researchers at Canadian Forces Base Borden in Ontario, Canada, is useful for advancing understanding of fluid flow processes in response to pumping from an unconfined aquifer. Measured data include not only drawdown in the saturated zone but also volumetric soil moisture measured at various times and distances from the pumped well. Analytical analyses were conducted with the model published in 2001 by Moench and colleagues, which allows for gradual drainage but does not include unsaturated zone characteristics, and the model published in 2006 by Mathias and Butler, which assumes that moisture retention and relative hydraulic conductivity (RHC) in the unsaturated zone are exponential functions of pressure head. Parameters estimated with either model yield good matches between measured and simulated drawdowns in piezometers. Numerical analyses were conducted with two versions of VS2DT: one that uses traditional Brooks and Corey functional relations and one that uses a RHC function introduced in 2001 by Assouline that includes an additional parameter that accounts for soil structure and texture. The analytical model of Mathias and Butler and numerical model of VS2DT with the Assouline model both show that the RHC function must contain a fitting parameter that is different from that used in the moisture retention function. Results show the influence of field-scale heterogeneity and suggest that the RHC at the Borden site declines more rapidly with elevation above the top of the capillary fringe than would be expected if the parameters were to reflect local- or core-scale soil structure and texture.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2006WR005736","issn":"00431397","usgsCitation":"Moench, A., 2008, Analytical and numerical analyses of an unconfined aquifer test considering unsaturated zone characteristics: Water Resources Research, v. 44, no. 6, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006WR005736.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203785,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18896,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006WR005736"}],"volume":"44","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acee4b07f02db67f421","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moench, A.F.","contributorId":91495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moench","given":"A.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70000500,"text":"70000500 - 2008 - Climate-induced variations of geyser periodicity in Yellowstone National Park, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-21T10:44:55","indexId":"70000500","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate-induced variations of geyser periodicity in Yellowstone National Park, USA","docAbstract":"The geysers of Yellowstone National Park, United States, attract millions of visitors each year, and their eruption dynamics have been the subject of extensive research for more than a century. Although many of the fundamental aspects associated with the dynamics of geyser eruptions have been elucidated, the relationship between external forcing (Earth tides, barometric pressure, and precipitation) and geyser eruption intervals (GEIs) remains a matter of ongoing debate. We present new instrumental GEI data and demonstrate, through detailed time-series analysis, that geysers respond to both long-term precipitation trends and to the seasonal hydrologic cycle. Responsiveness to long-term trends is reflected by a negative correlation between the annual averages of GEIs and stream flow in the Madison River. This response is probably associated with long-term pressure changes in the underlying hydrothermal reservoir. We relate seasonal GEI lengthening to snowmelt recharge.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/G24723A.1","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Hurwitz, S., Kumar, A., Taylor, R., and Heasler, H., 2008, Climate-induced variations of geyser periodicity in Yellowstone National Park, USA: Geology, v. 36, no. 6, p. 451-454, https://doi.org/10.1130/G24723A.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"451","endPage":"454","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203436,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18909,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G24723A.1"}],"volume":"36","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de19c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hurwitz, Shaul 0000-0001-5142-6886 shaulh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5142-6886","contributorId":2169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurwitz","given":"Shaul","email":"shaulh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":346068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kumar, Ashish","contributorId":92033,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kumar","given":"Ashish","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":346066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taylor, Ralph","contributorId":53073,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"Ralph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Heasler, Henry","contributorId":62683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heasler","given":"Henry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70000501,"text":"70000501 - 2008 - Satellite-derived aerosol radiative forcing from the 2004 British Columbia wildfires","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T14:14:37","indexId":"70000501","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":921,"text":"Atmosphere - Ocean","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Satellite-derived aerosol radiative forcing from the 2004 British Columbia wildfires","docAbstract":"The British Columbia wildfires of 2004 was one of the largest wildfire events in the last ten years in Canada. Both the shortwave and longwave smoke aerosol radiative forcing at the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) are investigated using data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) instruments. Relationships between the radiative forcing fluxes (??F) and wildfire aerosol optical thickness (AOT) at 0.55 ??m (??0.55) are deduced for both noontime instantaneous forcing and diurnally averaged forcing. The noontime averaged instantaneous shortwave and longwave smoke aerosol radiative forcing at the TOA are 45.8??27.5 W m-2 and -12.6??6.9 W m-2, respectively for a selected study area between 62??N and 68??N in latitude and 125??W and 145??W in longitude over three mainly clear-sky days (23-25 June). The derived diurnally averaged smoke aerosol shortwave radiative forcing is 19.9??12.1 W m-2 for a mean ??0.55 of 1.88??0.71 over the same time period. The derived ??F-?? relationship can be implemented in the radiation scheme used in regional climate models to assess the effect of wildfire aerosols.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.3137/ao.460201","issn":"07055900","usgsCitation":"Guo, S., and Leighton, H., 2008, Satellite-derived aerosol radiative forcing from the 2004 British Columbia wildfires: Atmosphere - Ocean, v. 46, no. 2, p. 203-212, https://doi.org/10.3137/ao.460201.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"203","endPage":"212","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203545,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18910,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3137/ao.460201"}],"volume":"46","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db6055ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guo, Song 0000-0001-8823-188X sguo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8823-188X","contributorId":5245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guo","given":"Song","email":"sguo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":346069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leighton, H.","contributorId":74859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leighton","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70000456,"text":"70000456 - 2008 - Mars Exploration Rover Navigation Camera in-flight calibration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:35","indexId":"70000456","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:20","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mars Exploration Rover Navigation Camera in-flight calibration","docAbstract":"The Navigation Camera (Navcam) instruments on the Mars Exploration Rover (MER) spacecraft provide support for both tactical operations as well as scientific observations where color information is not necessary: large-scale morphology, atmospheric monitoring including cloud observations and dust devil movies, and context imaging for both the thermal emission spectrometer and the in situ instruments on the Instrument Deployment Device. The Navcams are a panchromatic stereoscopic imaging system built using identical charge-coupled device (CCD) detectors and nearly identical electronics boards as the other cameras on the MER spacecraft. Previous calibration efforts were primarily focused on providing a detailed geometric calibration in line with the principal function of the Navcams, to provide data for the MER navigation team. This paper provides a detailed description of a new Navcam calibration pipeline developed to provide an absolute radiometric calibration that we estimate to have an absolute accuracy of 10% and a relative precision of 2.5%. Our calibration pipeline includes steps to model and remove the bias offset, the dark current charge that accumulates in both the active and readout regions of the CCD, and the shutter smear. It also corrects pixel-to-pixel responsivity variations using flat-field images, and converts from raw instrument-corrected digital number values per second to units of radiance (W m-2 nm-1 sr-1), or to radiance factor (I/F). We also describe here the initial results of two applications where radiance-calibrated Navcam data provide unique information for surface photometric and atmospheric aerosol studies. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007JE003003","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Soderblom, J., Bell, J., Johnson, J.R., Joseph, J., and Wolff, M., 2008, Mars Exploration Rover Navigation Camera in-flight calibration: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 113, no. 6, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JE003003.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476547,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007je003003","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":18874,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JE003003"},{"id":203602,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60f686","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soderblom, J.M.","contributorId":31097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soderblom","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bell, J.F. III","contributorId":97612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"J.F.","suffix":"III","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, J. R.","contributorId":69278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Joseph, J.","contributorId":14555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joseph","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wolff, M.J.","contributorId":64374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolff","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5224913,"text":"5224913 - 2008 - Estimating species occurrence, abundance, and detection probability using zero-inflated distributions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:29","indexId":"5224913","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:35","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating species occurrence, abundance, and detection probability using zero-inflated distributions","docAbstract":"Researchers have developed methods to account for imperfect detection of species with either occupancy (presence-absence) or count data using replicated sampling. We show how these approaches can be combined to simultaneously estimate occurrence, abundance, and detection probability by specifying a zero-inflated distribution for abundance. This approach may be particularly appropriate when patterns of occurrence and abundance arise from distinct processes operating at differing spatial or temporal scales. We apply the model to two data sets: (1) previously published data for a species of duck, Anas platyrhynchos, and (2) data for a stream fish species, Etheostoma scotti. We show that in these cases, an incomplete-detection zero-inflated modeling approach yields a superior fit to the data than other models. We propose that zero-inflated abundance models accounting for incomplete detection be considered when replicate count data are available.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"7009_Wenger.pdf","usgsCitation":"Wenger, S., and Freeman, M.C., 2008, Estimating species occurrence, abundance, and detection probability using zero-inflated distributions: Ecology, v. 89, no. 10, p. 2953-2959.","productDescription":"2953-2959","startPage":"2953","endPage":"2959","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202631,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16963,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.esajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1890/07-1127.1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"89","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc84f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wenger, S.J.","contributorId":51883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wenger","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Freeman, Mary C. 0000-0001-7615-6923","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7615-6923","contributorId":99659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":343135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224881,"text":"5224881 - 2008 - Potential environmental contaminant risks to avian species at important bird areas in the northeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-03T13:34:27","indexId":"5224881","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:34","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2006,"text":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential environmental contaminant risks to avian species at important bird areas in the northeastern United States","docAbstract":"Environmental contaminants can have profound effects on birds, acting from the molecular through population levels of biological organization. An analysis of potential contaminant threats was undertaken at 52 Important Bird Areas (IBAs) within the northeastern Atlantic coast drainage. Using geographic information system methodology, data layers describing or integrating contamination (impaired waters, fish or wildlife consumption advisories, toxic release inventory sites, and estimates of pesticide use) were overlaid on buffered IBA boundaries, and the relative threat at each site was ranked. The most threatened sites include Jefferson National Forest (NF), Stewart B. McKinney National Wildlife Refuge (NWR), Great Dismal Swamp NWR, Blue Ridge Parkway, Shenandoah National Park (NP), Adirondack Park, Edwin B. Forsythe NWR, George Washington NF, Green Mountain NF, Long Island Piping Plover Beaches, and Merrymeeting Bay. These sites exhibited moderate to high percentages of impaired waters and had fish consumption advisories related to mercury and polychlorinated biphenyls, and were located in counties with substantial pesticide use. Endangered, threatened and Watch List bird species are present at these sites. The Contaminant Exposure and Effects--Terrestrial Vertebrates database was searched within buffered IBA boundaries, and for a moderate number of sites there was concordance between the perceived risk and contaminant exposure. Several of the IBAs with apparently substantial contaminant threats had no avian ecotoxicological data (e.g., George Washington NF, Shenandoah NP). Based upon this screening level risk assessment, contaminant biomonitoring is warranted at such sites, and data generated from these efforts should foster natural resource management activities.","language":"English","doi":"10.1897/IEAM_2007-091.1","usgsCitation":"Rattner, B., and Ackerson, B., 2008, Potential environmental contaminant risks to avian species at important bird areas in the northeastern United States: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, v. 4, no. 3, p. 344-357, https://doi.org/10.1897/IEAM_2007-091.1.","productDescription":"344-357","startPage":"344","endPage":"357","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201792,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16913,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122588198/abstract","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"4","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db6838dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":95843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett A.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":342998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ackerson, B.K.","contributorId":20853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerson","given":"B.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224879,"text":"5224879 - 2008 - Migration of Florida sub-adult Bald Eagles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:07","indexId":"5224879","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:34","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3784,"text":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Migration of Florida sub-adult Bald Eagles","docAbstract":"We used satellite telemetry locations accurate within 1 km to identify migration routes and stopover sites of 54 migratory sub-adult Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) hatched in Florida from 1997 to 2001. We measured number of days traveled during migration, path of migration, stopover time and locations, and distance traveled to and from winter and summer areas for each eagle (1?5 years old). Eagles used both Coastal Plain (n = 24) and Appalachian Mountain (n = 26) routes on their first migration north. Mountain migrants traveled farther (X = 2,112 km; 95% CI: 1,815-2,410) than coastal migrants (X = 1,397 km; 95% CI: 1,087?1,706). Eagles changed between migration routes less often on northbound and southbound movements as they matured (X2 = 13.22, df = 2, P < 0.001). One-year-old eagles changed routes between yearly spring and fall migrations 57% of the time, 2-year-olds 30%, and 3-5-year-olds changed only 17% of the time. About half (n = 25, 46%) used stopovers during migration and stayed 6-31 days (X = 14.8 days; 95% CI: 12.8-16.8). We recommend that migratory stopover site locations be added to GIS data bases for improving conservation of Bald Eagles in the eastern United States.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6951_Mojica.pdf","usgsCitation":"Mojica, E., Meyers, J., Millsap, B., and Haley, K., 2008, Migration of Florida sub-adult Bald Eagles: Wilson Journal of Ornithology, v. 120, no. 2, p. 304-310.","productDescription":"304-310","startPage":"304","endPage":"310","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":16912,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1676%2F07-079.1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":197786,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"120","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db63545b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mojica, E.K.","contributorId":10513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mojica","given":"E.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meyers, J.M.","contributorId":54307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyers","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Millsap, B.A.","contributorId":30716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Millsap","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haley, K.L.","contributorId":12143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haley","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5224919,"text":"5224919 - 2008 - Annual recapture and survival rates of two non-breeding adult populations of Roseate Terns Stema dougallii captured on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, and estimates of their population sizes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:30","indexId":"5224919","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:34","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Annual recapture and survival rates of two non-breeding adult populations of Roseate Terns Stema dougallii captured on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, and estimates of their population sizes","docAbstract":"Capture-recapture data from two disparate breeding populations of Roseate Terns (Sterna dougallii) captured together as non-breeding individuals from 2002 to 2007 in the southern Great Barrier Reef. Australia were analyzed for both survival rate and recapture rate. The average annual survival rate for the birds from the Asian population (S. d. bangsi) (0.901) is higher than that of the other population of unknown breeding origin (0.819). There was large variability in survival in both populations among years, but the average survival rate of 0.85 is similar to estimates for the same species in North America. The Cormack-Jolly-Seber models used in program MARK to estimate survival rates also produced estimated of recapture probabilities and population sizes. These estimates of population size were 29,000 for S. D. bangsi and 8,300 for the study area and much larger than the documented numbers in the likely breeding areas, suggesting that many breeding sites are currently unknown.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterbirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"7020_O'Neill.pdf","usgsCitation":"O’Neill, P., Minton, C., Nisbet, I., and Hines, J., 2008, Annual recapture and survival rates of two non-breeding adult populations of Roseate Terns Stema dougallii captured on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, and estimates of their population sizes: Waterbirds, v. 31, no. 3, p. 338-345.","productDescription":"338-345","startPage":"338","endPage":"345","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201591,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16936,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-archive&issn=1524-4695&volume=31","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"31","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67b91a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Neill, P.","contributorId":101362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neill","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Minton, C.D.T.","contributorId":27979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minton","given":"C.D.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nisbet, I.C.T.","contributorId":54942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nisbet","given":"I.C.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":343157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}