As a part of the Chuzhou hydrological experimental system,the No.1 experimental catchment,Nandadish,with drainage area of 7 897 m2 sits on the andesite bedrock with Quaternary deposit of 2.46 m in average.Various runoff components,surface runoff and subsurface runoff including interflow from unsaturated zone,groundwater flow from saturated zone are physically measured using special designed troughs.Several combined types of runoff components are identified as the SR type with surface runoff dominated,SSR type with subsurface runoff dominated and other intermediate types.Examples show that surface runoff accounts for 65% of total runoff for SR type,while the subsurface runoff accounts for 90% in SSR type.In July,the main rainy season,in total,the subsurface runoff contributes an amount of 54.5% of total runoff while groundwater flow accounts for 33.0%.Most 18O data of surface runoff is quite different from that of precipitation.Within the rainfall-runoff process with duration of about 1 400 minutes,averaged 18O of precipitation is -1.210%,while that of surface runoff is -1.132% for Hydrohill catchment (512 m2),-1.065% for Nandadish catchment and -0.801% for Morningflower(4573 m2)which is a catchment with thin layer of rock debris on bedrock.It challenges the assumptions involved in current isotopic hydrograph separation,i.e.,the 18O of surface runoff will not always equal to that of event precipitation and,the evaporation fractionation during the pathway of runoff components could not always be ignored.Event rainfall produces runoff but such runoff contains an amount of water not from the event rainfall,such a paradox exists in all of our experimental catchments.The total old water involved in event runoff accounts for 16% for the SR type while 64% for SSR type.
Mesophotic coral ecosystems that occur at depths from 30 to 200 m have historically been understudied and yet appear to support a diverse biological community. The microbiology of these systems is particularly poorly understood, especially with regard to the communities associated with corals, sponges, and algae. This lack of information is partly due to the problems associated with gaining access to these environments and poor reproducibility across sampling methods. To summarize what is known about the microbiology of these ecosystems and to highlight areas where research is urgently needed, an overview of the current state of knowledge is presented. Emphasis is placed on the characterization of microbial populations, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, associated with corals, sponges, and algae and the factors that influence microbial community structure. In topic areas where virtually nothing is known from mesophotic environments, the knowledge pertaining to shallow-water ecosystems is summarized to provide a starting point for a discussion on what might be expected in the mesophotic zone.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1111/j.1574-6941.2010.00862.x","usgsCitation":"Olson, J.B., and Kellogg, C.A., 2010, Microbial ecology of corals, sponges, and algae in mesophotic coral environments: FEMS Microbiology Ecology, v. 73, no. 1, p. 17-30, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2010.00862.x.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"17","endPage":"30","ipdsId":"IP-010146","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475943,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2010.00862.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":328949,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57fe8151e4b0824b2d1480c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olson, Julie B.","contributorId":174901,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olson","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kellogg, Christina A. 0000-0002-6492-9455 ckellogg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6492-9455","contributorId":391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellogg","given":"Christina","email":"ckellogg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70179616,"text":"70179616 - 2010 - Variable responses of fish assemblages, habitat, and stability to natural-channel-design restoration in Catskill Mountain streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T16:53:25","indexId":"70179616","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variable responses of fish assemblages, habitat, and stability to natural-channel-design restoration in Catskill Mountain streams","docAbstract":"Natural-channel-design (NCD) restorations were recently implemented within large segments of five first- and second-order streams in the Catskill Mountains of New York in an attempt to increase channel stability, reduce bed and bank erosion, and sustain water quality. In conjunction with these efforts, 54 fish and habitat surveys were done from 1999 to 2007 at six restored reaches and five stable control reaches to evaluate the effects of NCD restoration on fish assemblages, habitat, and bank stability. A before–after–control–impact study design and two-factor analysis of variance were used to quantify the net changes in habitat and fish population and community indices at treatment reaches relative to those at unaltered control reaches. The density and biomass of fish communities were often dominated by one or two small prey species and no or few predator species before restoration and by one or more trout (Salmonidae) species after restoration. Significant increases in community richness (30%), diversity (40%), species or biomass equitability (32%), and total biomass (up to 52%) in at least four of the six restored reaches demonstrate that NCD restorations can improve the health and sustainability of fish communities in geomorphically unstable Catskill Mountain streams over the short to marginally long term. Bank stability, stream habitat, and trout habitat suitability indices (HSIs) generally improved significantly at the restored reaches, but key habitat features and trout HSIs did not change or decreased at two of them. Fish communities and trout populations at these two reaches were not positively affected by NCD restorations. Though NCD restorations often had a positive effect on habitat and fish communities, our results show that the initial habitat conditions limit the relative improvements than can be achieved, habitat quality and stability do not necessarily respond in unison, and biotic and abiotic responses cannot always be generalized.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1577/T08-152.1","usgsCitation":"Baldigo, B.P., Ernst, A.G., Warren, D.R., and Miller, S.J., 2010, Variable responses of fish assemblages, habitat, and stability to natural-channel-design restoration in Catskill Mountain streams: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 139, no. 2, p. 449-467, https://doi.org/10.1577/T08-152.1.","startPage":"449","endPage":"467","ipdsId":"IP-006022","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332938,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Catskill Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.4,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -74.4,\n 42.3167\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 42.3167\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -74.4,\n 42\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"139","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58772b2be4b0315b4c11fea2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baldigo, Barry P. 0000-0002-9862-9119 bbaldigo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-9119","contributorId":1234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldigo","given":"Barry","email":"bbaldigo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ernst, Anne G.","contributorId":149841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ernst","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":17837,"text":"USGS NY Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":657909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Warren, Dana R.","contributorId":96139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warren","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, Sarah J.","contributorId":72857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70189022,"text":"70189022 - 2010 - Using airborne geophysical surveys to improve groundwater resource management models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-29T14:37:17","indexId":"70189022","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Using airborne geophysical surveys to improve groundwater resource management models","docAbstract":"Increasingly, groundwater management requires more accurate hydrogeologic frameworks for groundwater models. These complex issues have created the demand for innovative approaches to data collection. In complicated terrains, groundwater modelers benefit from continuous high‐resolution geologic maps and their related hydrogeologic‐parameter estimates. The USGS and its partners have collaborated to use airborne geophysical surveys for near‐continuous coverage of areas of the North Platte River valley in western Nebraska. The survey objectives were to map the aquifers and bedrock topography of the area to help improve the understanding of groundwater‐surface‐water relationships, leading to improved water management decisions. Frequency‐domain heliborne electromagnetic surveys were completed, using a unique survey design to collect resistivity data that can be related to lithologic information to refine groundwater model inputs. To render the geophysical data useful to multidimensional groundwater models, numerical inversion is necessary to convert the measured data into a depth‐dependent subsurface resistivity model. This inverted model, in conjunction with sensitivity analysis, geological ground truth (boreholes and surface geology maps), and geological interpretation, is used to characterize hydrogeologic features. Interpreted two‐ and three‐dimensional data coverage provides the groundwater modeler with a high‐resolution hydrogeologic framework and a quantitative estimate of framework uncertainty. This method of creating hydrogeologic frameworks improved the understanding of flow path orientation by redefining the location of the paleochannels and associated bedrock highs. The improved models reflect actual hydrogeology at a level of accuracy not achievable using previous data sets.
The successful use of macroinvertebrates as indicators of stream condition in bioassessments has led to heightened interest throughout the scientific community in the prediction of stream condition. For example, predictive models are increasingly being developed that use measures of watershed disturbance, including urban and agricultural land-use, as explanatory variables to predict various metrics of biological condition such as richness, tolerance, percent predators, index of biotic integrity, functional species traits, or even ordination axes scores. Our primary intent was to determine if effective models could be developed using watershed characteristics of disturbance to predict macroinvertebrate metrics among disparate and widely separated ecoregions. We aggregated macroinvertebrate data from universities and state and federal agencies in order to assemble stream data sets of high enough density appropriate for modeling in three distinct ecoregions in Oregon and California. Extensive review and quality assurance of macroinvertebrate sampling protocols, laboratory subsample counts and taxonomic resolution was completed to assure data comparability. We used widely available digital coverages of land-use and land-cover data summarized at the watershed and riparian scale as explanatory variables to predict macroinvertebrate metrics commonly used by state resource managers to assess stream condition. The “best” multiple linear regression models from each region required only two or three explanatory variables to model macroinvertebrate metrics and explained 41–74% of the variation. In each region the best model contained some measure of urban and/or agricultural land-use, yet often the model was improved by including a natural explanatory variable such as mean annual precipitation or mean watershed slope. Two macroinvertebrate metrics were common among all three regions, the metric that summarizes the richness of tolerant macroinvertebrates (RICHTOL) and some form of EPT (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera) richness. Best models were developed for the same two invertebrate metrics even though the geographic regions reflect distinct differences in precipitation, geology, elevation, slope, population density, and land-use. With further development, models like these can be used to elicit better causal linkages to stream biological attributes or condition and can be used by researchers or managers to predict biological indicators of stream condition at unsampled sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2010.03.011","issn":"1470160X","usgsCitation":"Waite, I.R., Brown, L.R., Kennen, J., May, J.T., Cuffney, T.F., Orlando, J.L., and Jones, K.A., 2010, Comparison of watershed disturbance predictive models for stream benthic macroinvertebrates for three distinct ecoregions in western US: Ecological Indicators, v. 10, no. 6, p. 1125-1136, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2010.03.011.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1125","endPage":"1136","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245935,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217962,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2010.03.011"}],"volume":"10","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f8bde4b0c8380cd4d277","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waite, Ian R. 0000-0003-1681-6955 iwaite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1681-6955","contributorId":616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"Ian","email":"iwaite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kennen, Jonathan G. 0000-0002-5426-4445 jgkennen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5426-4445","contributorId":574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennen","given":"Jonathan G.","email":"jgkennen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"May, Jason T. 0000-0002-5699-2112 jasonmay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5699-2112","contributorId":617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Jason","email":"jasonmay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":461791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cuffney, Thomas F. 0000-0003-1164-5560 tcuffney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1164-5560","contributorId":517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cuffney","given":"Thomas","email":"tcuffney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Orlando, James L. 0000-0002-0099-7221 jorlando@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0099-7221","contributorId":1368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orlando","given":"James","email":"jorlando@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":461786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jones, Kimberly A. kjones@usgs.gov","contributorId":937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Kimberly","email":"kjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":461788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70037093,"text":"70037093 - 2010 - Assessment of multiple sources of anthropogenic and natural chemical inputs to a morphologically complex basin, Lake Mead, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037093","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of multiple sources of anthropogenic and natural chemical inputs to a morphologically complex basin, Lake Mead, USA","docAbstract":"Lakes with complex morphologies and with different geologic and land-use characteristics in their sub-watersheds could have large differences in natural and anthropogenic chemical inputs to sub-basins in the lake. Lake Mead in southern Nevada and northern Arizona, USA, is one such lake. To assess variations in chemical histories from 1935 to 1998 for major sub-basins of Lake Mead, four sediment cores were taken from three different parts of the reservoir (two from Las Vegas Bay and one from the Overton Arm and Virgin Basin) and analyzed for major and trace elements, radionuclides, and organic compounds. As expected, anthropogenic contaminant inputs are greatest to Las Vegas Bay reflecting inputs from the Las Vegas urban area, although concentrations are low compared to sediment quality guidelines and to other USA lakes. One exception to this pattern was higher Hg in the Virgin Basin core. The Virgin Basin core is located in the main body of the lake (Colorado River channel) and is influenced by the hydrology of the Colorado River, which changed greatly with completion of Glen Canyon Dam upstream in 1963. Major and trace elements in the core show pronounced shifts in the early 1960s and, in many cases, gradually return to concentrations more typical of pre-1960s by the 1980s and 1990s, after the filling of Lake Powell. The Overton Arm is the sub-basin least effected by anthropogenic contaminant inputs but has a complex 137Cs profile with a series of large peaks and valleys over the middle of the core, possibly reflecting fallout from nuclear tests in the 1950s at the Nevada Test Site. The 137Cs profile suggests a much greater sedimentation rate during testing which we hypothesize results from greatly increased dust fall on the lake and Virgin and Muddy River watersheds. The severe drought in the southwestern USA during the 1950s might also have played a role in variations in sedimentation rate in all of the cores. ?? 2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.03.017","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Rosen, M.R., and Van Metre, P., 2010, Assessment of multiple sources of anthropogenic and natural chemical inputs to a morphologically complex basin, Lake Mead, USA: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 294, no. 1-2, p. 30-43, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.03.017.","startPage":"30","endPage":"43","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217216,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.03.017"},{"id":245143,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"294","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee41e4b0c8380cd49c64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosen, Michael R.","contributorId":43096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosen","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Metre, P. C.","contributorId":92999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Metre","given":"P. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037116,"text":"70037116 - 2010 - Redwoods, restoration, and implications for carbon budgets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T14:41:28","indexId":"70037116","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Redwoods, restoration, and implications for carbon budgets","docAbstract":"The coast redwoods (Sequoia sempervirens) of California have several unique characteristics that influence interactions between vegetation and geomorphic processes. Case studies, using a combination of in-channel wood surveys and an air photo inventory of landslides, illustrate current conditions in a redwood-dominated watershed undergoing restoration work, and the influence of wood loading and landslides on the carbon budget. Redwood trees have extremely large biomass (trunk wood volumes of 700 to 1000 m3) and are very decay-resistant; consequently, they have a large and persistent influence on in-channel wood loading. Large wood surveys indicate high wood loading in streams in uncut forests (0.3-0.5 m3/m2 of channel), but also show that high wood loading can persist in logged basin with unlogged riparian buffers because of the slow decay of fallen redwoods. Through a watershed restoration program, Redwood National Park increases in-channel wood loading in low-order streams, but the effectiveness of this technique has not yet been tested by a large flood. Another unique characteristic of redwood is its ability to resprout from basal burls after cutting, so that root strength may not decline as sharply following logging as in other types of forests. An air photo inventory of landslides following a large storm in 1997 indicated: 1) that in the Redwood Creek watershed the volume of material displaced by landslides in harvested areas was not related to the time elapsed since logging, suggesting that the loss of root strength was not a decisive factor in landslide initiation, 2) landslide production on decommissioned logging roads was half that of untreated roads, and 3) landslides removed an estimated 28 Mg of organic carbon/km2 from hillslopes. The carbon budget of a redwood-dominated catchment is dominated by the vegetative component, but is also influenced by the extent of mass movement, erosion control work, and in-channel storage of wood.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geomorphology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2009.11.012","issn":"0169555X","usgsCitation":"Madej, M.A., 2010, Redwoods, restoration, and implications for carbon budgets: Geomorphology, v. 116, no. 3-4, p. 264-273, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2009.11.012.","startPage":"264","endPage":"273","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245023,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217106,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2009.11.012"}],"volume":"116","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a413e4b0e8fec6cdba2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madej, Mary Ann 0000-0003-2831-3773 mary_ann_madej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2831-3773","contributorId":40304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madej","given":"Mary","email":"mary_ann_madej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70037591,"text":"70037591 - 2010 - Potential environmental influences on variation in body size and sexual size dimorphism among Arizona populations of the western diamond-backed rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-07T11:39:54","indexId":"70037591","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential environmental influences on variation in body size and sexual size dimorphism among Arizona populations of the western diamond-backed rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox)","docAbstract":"Differences in resource availability and quality along environmental gradients are important influences contributing to intraspecific variation in body size, which influences numerous life-history traits. Here, we examined variation in body size and sexual size dimorphism (SSD) in relation to temperature, seasonality, and precipitation among 10 populations located throughout Arizona of the western diamond-backed rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox). Specifically, in our analyses we addressed the following questions: (i) Are adult males larger in cooler, wetter areas? (ii) Does female body size respond differently to environmental variation? (iii) Is seasonality a better predictor of body size variation? (iv) Is SSD positively correlated with increased resources? We demonstrate that male and female C. atrox are larger in body size in cooler (i.e., lower average annual maximum, minimum, and mean temperature) and wetter areas (i.e., higher average annual precipitation, more variable precipitation, and available surface water). Although SSD in C. atrox appeared to be more pronounced in cooler, wetter areas, this relationship did not achieve statistical significance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2010.05.019","issn":"01401963","usgsCitation":"Amarello, M., Nowak, E.M., Taylor, E.N., Schuett, G.W., Repp, R.A., Rosen, P.C., and Hardy, D.L., 2010, Potential environmental influences on variation in body size and sexual size dimorphism among Arizona populations of the western diamond-backed rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox): Journal of Arid Environments, v. 74, no. 11, p. 1443-1449, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2010.05.019.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1443","endPage":"1449","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245934,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"id\":\"4\",\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Arizona\",\"nation\":\"USA \"},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-112.538593,37.000674],[-112.534545,37.000684],[-112.368946,37.001125],[-112.35769,37.001025],[-111.412784,37.001478],[-111.405869,37.001481],[-111.405517,37.001497],[-111.278286,37.000465],[-111.254853,37.001077],[-111.133718,37.000779],[-111.066496,37.002389],[-110.75069,37.003197],[-110.62569,37.003721],[-110.625605,37.003416],[-110.599512,37.003448],[-110.50069,37.00426],[-110.490908,37.003566],[-110.47019,36.997997],[-110.021778,36.998602],[-110.000876,36.998502],[-110.000677,36.997968],[-109.875673,36.998504],[-109.625668,36.998308],[-109.495338,36.999105],[-109.381226,36.999148],[-109.378039,36.999135],[-109.270097,36.999266],[-109.268213,36.999242],[-109.26339,36.999263],[-109.246917,36.999346],[-109.233848,36.999266],[-109.181196,36.999271],[-109.045223,36.999084],[-109.045244,36.969489],[-109.045272,36.968871],[-109.045407,36.874998],[-109.045433,36.874589],[-109.045431,36.500001],[-109.046183,36.181751],[-109.045729,36.117028],[-109.045973,36.002338],[-109.046011,35.925896],[-109.046054,35.92586],[-109.046055,35.888721],[-109.046024,35.8798],[-109.046295,35.616517],[-109.046296,35.614251],[-109.046509,35.54644],[-109.046481,35.546326],[-109.046796,35.363606],[-109.046084,35.250025],[-109.046024,35.175499],[-109.045851,34.959718],[-109.046072,34.828566],[-109.045624,34.814226],[-109.046104,34.799981],[-109.045363,34.785406],[-109.046086,34.771016],[-109.046156,34.579291],[-109.046182,34.522553],[-109.046182,34.522393],[-109.047006,34.00005],[-109.046426,33.875052],[-109.046941,33.778233],[-109.047145,33.74001],[-109.046662,33.625055],[-109.047298,33.409783],[-109.046564,33.37506],[-109.04687,33.372654],[-109.047045,33.36928],[-109.046909,33.36557],[-109.046827,33.365272],[-109.04747,33.250063],[-109.047237,33.208965],[-109.047116,33.137995],[-109.047117,33.137559],[-109.047013,33.092917],[-109.046905,33.091931],[-109.047453,33.069427],[-109.04748,33.06842],[-109.047117,32.77757],[-109.047117,32.777569],[-109.047638,32.693439],[-109.047645,32.689988],[-109.047653,32.686327],[-109.047653,32.681379],[-109.047612,32.426377],[-109.048286,32.089114],[-109.048296,32.084093],[-109.048731,32.028174],[-109.048599,32.013651],[-109.04859,31.870791],[-109.048769,31.861383],[-109.049106,31.843715],[-109.048763,31.810776],[-109.049195,31.796551],[-109.049112,31.636598],[-109.049813,31.499528],[-109.049843,31.499515],[-109.050173,31.480004],[-109.050044,31.332502],[-109.278489,31.333959],[-109.829689,31.334067],[-110.000613,31.333145],[-110.140512,31.333965],[-110.460172,31.332827],[-110.760998,31.333547],[-110.795467,31.33363],[-111.000643,31.332177],[-111.074825,31.332239],[-111.125646,31.348978],[-111.366572,31.426132],[-111.560194,31.488138],[-111.979417,31.620683],[-112.246102,31.704195],[-112.365043,31.74113],[-112.375758,31.743988],[-112.39942,31.751757],[-112.867074,31.895488],[-113.125961,31.97278],[-113.217308,32.002107],[-113.333767,32.038763],[-113.493196,32.088943],[-113.750756,32.169005],[-113.78168,32.179034],[-114.250775,32.32391],[-114.50078,32.400057],[-114.813613,32.494277],[-114.813991,32.497231],[-114.812316,32.500054],[-114.813753,32.50426],[-114.813694,32.505065],[-114.813164,32.505594],[-114.812635,32.506918],[-114.81237,32.507712],[-114.810159,32.508383],[-114.807726,32.508726],[-114.806017,32.510094],[-114.804694,32.512476],[-114.804429,32.514594],[-114.804958,32.517506],[-114.809723,32.520153],[-114.811576,32.523594],[-114.810563,32.527666],[-114.8064,32.531192],[-114.802181,32.536414],[-114.802018,32.53946],[-114.804776,32.541659],[-114.805966,32.545346],[-114.80583,32.546354],[-114.803883,32.548002],[-114.795635,32.550956],[-114.793769,32.552329],[-114.792065,32.555009],[-114.791551,32.557023],[-114.791988,32.560652],[-114.793312,32.561976],[-114.794635,32.563564],[-114.795959,32.564093],[-114.79766,32.564444],[-114.804429,32.561976],[-114.808929,32.561976],[-114.810517,32.563828],[-114.810782,32.565152],[-114.810517,32.56727],[-114.808929,32.569652],[-114.804421,32.572942],[-114.801877,32.57601],[-114.801471,32.578255],[-114.803879,32.580889],[-114.803987,32.582652],[-114.802823,32.58508],[-114.800441,32.58808],[-114.799737,32.592178],[-114.799683,32.593621],[-114.801548,32.598591],[-114.802361,32.59937],[-114.805932,32.600721],[-114.807906,32.602783],[-114.809042,32.608806],[-114.809393,32.617119],[-114.80739,32.621332],[-114.799302,32.625115],[-114.797565,32.624578],[-114.794102,32.622475],[-114.791179,32.621833],[-114.781872,32.62505],[-114.78267,32.628634],[-114.782235,32.630215],[-114.781282,32.631459],[-114.779215,32.633579],[-114.774482,32.635869],[-114.764382,32.642666],[-114.76331,32.644617],[-114.763512,32.645996],[-114.765067,32.648047],[-114.76495,32.649391],[-114.75831,32.655178],[-114.753111,32.658304],[-114.748,32.664184],[-114.747848,32.667693],[-114.745345,32.672187],[-114.744491,32.678671],[-114.730453,32.698843],[-114.730041,32.699675],[-114.730086,32.704298],[-114.722746,32.713071],[-114.719633,32.718763],[-114.717665,32.721654],[-114.715788,32.727758],[-114.714522,32.73039],[-114.705717,32.741581],[-114.701918,32.745548],[-114.700743,32.745617],[-114.69879,32.744846],[-114.688779,32.737675],[-114.684278,32.737537],[-114.678632,32.736614],[-114.677091,32.736218],[-114.667493,32.734226],[-114.65884,32.73383],[-114.65826,32.733799],[-114.632686,32.730846],[-114.618373,32.728245],[-114.615585,32.728446],[-114.615733,32.729427],[-114.614772,32.734089],[-114.612697,32.734516],[-114.581784,32.734946],[-114.581736,32.742321],[-114.564508,32.742298],[-114.564447,32.749554],[-114.539224,32.749812],[-114.539093,32.756949],[-114.526856,32.757094],[-114.528443,32.767276],[-114.531831,32.774264],[-114.532432,32.776923],[-114.531746,32.782503],[-114.531669,32.791185],[-114.530755,32.793485],[-114.528849,32.796307],[-114.522031,32.801675],[-114.520385,32.803577],[-114.519758,32.805676],[-114.515389,32.811439],[-114.510217,32.816417],[-114.496827,32.822119],[-114.496284,32.822326],[-114.494116,32.823288],[-114.475892,32.838694],[-114.468971,32.845155],[-114.465546,32.874809],[-114.465715,32.879191],[-114.465715,32.87942],[-114.463127,32.901884],[-114.462929,32.907944],[-114.46365,32.911682],[-114.464448,32.913129],[-114.473713,32.920594],[-114.47664,32.923628],[-114.479005,32.928291],[-114.48092,32.935252],[-114.48074,32.937027],[-114.478456,32.940555],[-114.474042,32.94515],[-114.470833,32.949333],[-114.469113,32.952673],[-114.46773,32.956323],[-114.467272,32.960675],[-114.467664,32.966861],[-114.469039,32.972295],[-114.470988,32.97406],[-114.476156,32.975168],[-114.480417,32.973665],[-114.481315,32.972064],[-114.488625,32.969946],[-114.490129,32.969885],[-114.492938,32.971781],[-114.494212,32.974262],[-114.495712,32.980076],[-114.497315,32.991474],[-114.499797,33.003905],[-114.502871,33.011153],[-114.50613,33.01701],[-114.511343,33.023455],[-114.5149,33.026524],[-114.516484,33.027572],[-114.52013,33.029984],[-114.523578,33.030961],[-114.538459,33.033422],[-114.553189,33.033974],[-114.571653,33.036624],[-114.575161,33.036542],[-114.578287,33.035375],[-114.581404,33.032545],[-114.584765,33.028231],[-114.586982,33.026945],[-114.589778,33.026228],[-114.601014,33.02541],[-114.618788,33.027202],[-114.625787,33.029436],[-114.628293,33.031052],[-114.63419,33.039025],[-114.639553,33.045291],[-114.641622,33.046896],[-114.64598,33.048903],[-114.649001,33.046763],[-114.655038,33.037107],[-114.657827,33.033825],[-114.659832,33.032665],[-114.662317,33.032671],[-114.66506,33.033908],[-114.670803,33.037984],[-114.673659,33.041897],[-114.675104,33.047532],[-114.674296,33.057171],[-114.686991,33.070969],[-114.68912,33.076122],[-114.689307,33.079179],[-114.688597,33.082869],[-114.68902,33.084036],[-114.692548,33.085786],[-114.694628,33.086226],[-114.701165,33.086368],[-114.70473,33.087051],[-114.706488,33.08816],[-114.707819,33.091102],[-114.707896,33.097432],[-114.706175,33.105335],[-114.703682,33.113769],[-114.696829,33.131209],[-114.689995,33.137883],[-114.687074,33.142196],[-114.684489,33.148121],[-114.682253,33.155214],[-114.679359,33.159519],[-114.678729,33.162948],[-114.680248,33.169717],[-114.679034,33.174738],[-114.675831,33.18152],[-114.67536,33.185489],[-114.67519,33.188179],[-114.678178,33.199584],[-114.678749,33.203448],[-114.676072,33.210835],[-114.673715,33.219245],[-114.673626,33.223121],[-114.674479,33.225504],[-114.678097,33.2303],[-114.682731,33.234918],[-114.689421,33.24525],[-114.689541,33.246428],[-114.688205,33.247966],[-114.674491,33.255597],[-114.672088,33.258499],[-114.672401,33.26047],[-114.677032,33.27017],[-114.680507,33.273577],[-114.684363,33.276025],[-114.694449,33.279786],[-114.702873,33.281916],[-114.711197,33.283342],[-114.717875,33.285157],[-114.72167,33.286982],[-114.723259,33.288079],[-114.731223,33.302434],[-114.731222,33.304039],[-114.729904,33.305745],[-114.723623,33.31211],[-114.710792,33.320607],[-114.707962,33.323421],[-114.705241,33.327767],[-114.700938,33.337014],[-114.698035,33.352442],[-114.69817,33.356575],[-114.699053,33.361148],[-114.707348,33.376628],[-114.707009,33.380634],[-114.70731,33.382542],[-114.708408,33.384147],[-114.713602,33.388257],[-114.722872,33.398779],[-114.725292,33.402342],[-114.725535,33.404056],[-114.725282,33.405048],[-114.723829,33.406531],[-114.720065,33.407891],[-114.710878,33.407254],[-114.701732,33.408388],[-114.697707,33.410942],[-114.696805,33.412087],[-114.696504,33.414059],[-114.695655,33.415127],[-114.687953,33.417944],[-114.673901,33.418299],[-114.658382,33.413036],[-114.652828,33.412922],[-114.64954,33.413633],[-114.643302,33.416745],[-114.635183,33.422726],[-114.62964,33.428138],[-114.627125,33.433554],[-114.622283,33.447558],[-114.623395,33.45449],[-114.622918,33.456561],[-114.612472,33.470768],[-114.607843,33.474834],[-114.601696,33.481394],[-114.599713,33.484315],[-114.597283,33.490653],[-114.591554,33.499443],[-114.588239,33.502453],[-114.580468,33.506465],[-114.573757,33.507543],[-114.569533,33.509219],[-114.560963,33.516739],[-114.560552,33.518272],[-114.560835,33.524334],[-114.559507,33.530724],[-114.558898,33.531819],[-114.542011,33.542481],[-114.524599,33.552231],[-114.524391,33.553683],[-114.526834,33.557466],[-114.535664,33.568788],[-114.535965,33.569154],[-114.5403,33.580615],[-114.540617,33.591412],[-114.529186,33.60665],[-114.526782,33.608831],[-114.524813,33.611351],[-114.524619,33.61426],[-114.525783,33.616588],[-114.527938,33.618839],[-114.529662,33.622794],[-114.529856,33.627448],[-114.528498,33.630164],[-114.526947,33.633073],[-114.526947,33.637534],[-114.527917,33.641413],[-114.52908,33.644128],[-114.53005,33.647619],[-114.530244,33.65014],[-114.528304,33.653049],[-114.526947,33.655571],[-114.525783,33.657122],[-114.525201,33.658092],[-114.525007,33.659643],[-114.525201,33.661583],[-114.525977,33.662941],[-114.526947,33.664298],[-114.528304,33.666044],[-114.529706,33.668031],[-114.530999,33.671102],[-114.531523,33.675108],[-114.530348,33.679245],[-114.527782,33.682684],[-114.523959,33.685879],[-114.519113,33.688473],[-114.512409,33.691282],[-114.504993,33.693022],[-114.496489,33.696901],[-114.495719,33.698454],[-114.494197,33.707922],[-114.494901,33.71443],[-114.496565,33.719155],[-114.500788,33.722204],[-114.502661,33.724584],[-114.504176,33.728055],[-114.506799,33.730518],[-114.510265,33.732146],[-114.512348,33.734214],[-114.508206,33.741587],[-114.506,33.746344],[-114.504483,33.750998],[-114.50434,33.756381],[-114.504863,33.760465],[-114.507089,33.76793],[-114.516734,33.788345],[-114.520094,33.799473],[-114.52805,33.814963],[-114.527161,33.816191],[-114.522714,33.818979],[-114.520733,33.822031],[-114.51997,33.825381],[-114.520465,33.827778],[-114.523409,33.835323],[-114.525539,33.838614],[-114.529597,33.848063],[-114.529385,33.851755],[-114.528451,33.854929],[-114.526771,33.857357],[-114.52453,33.858477],[-114.516811,33.85812],[-114.514673,33.858638],[-114.505638,33.864276],[-114.503887,33.865754],[-114.503017,33.867998],[-114.503395,33.875018],[-114.50434,33.876882],[-114.512467,33.882884],[-114.516501,33.885926],[-114.517808,33.888167],[-114.518555,33.889847],[-114.518928,33.891714],[-114.518741,33.893208],[-114.517808,33.894889],[-114.516314,33.896196],[-114.513715,33.897959],[-114.510944,33.899099],[-114.508708,33.90064],[-114.507988,33.901813],[-114.50792,33.903807],[-114.508558,33.906098],[-114.511511,33.911092],[-114.518434,33.917518],[-114.525361,33.922272],[-114.528385,33.923674],[-114.533679,33.926072],[-114.534987,33.928499],[-114.535478,33.934651],[-114.52868,33.947817],[-114.522002,33.955623],[-114.51586,33.958106],[-114.511231,33.95704],[-114.509568,33.957264],[-114.499883,33.961789],[-114.495047,33.966835],[-114.484784,33.975519],[-114.483097,33.977745],[-114.482333,33.980181],[-114.481455,33.981261],[-114.475907,33.984424],[-114.471138,33.98804],[-114.467932,33.992877],[-114.466187,33.993465],[-114.462377,33.993781],[-114.46117,33.994687],[-114.460264,33.996649],[-114.460415,33.999215],[-114.46283,34.004497],[-114.463132,34.00661],[-114.46283,34.008421],[-114.46117,34.010081],[-114.458906,34.010835],[-114.454807,34.010968],[-114.450206,34.012574],[-114.443821,34.016176],[-114.44054,34.019329],[-114.438266,34.022609],[-114.436171,34.028083],[-114.434949,34.037784],[-114.435504,34.042615],[-114.438602,34.050205],[-114.439406,34.05381],[-114.43934,34.057893],[-114.437683,34.071937],[-114.435429,34.079727],[-114.434181,34.087379],[-114.43338,34.088413],[-114.428026,34.092787],[-114.426168,34.097042],[-114.420499,34.103466],[-114.415908,34.107636],[-114.411681,34.110031],[-114.405941,34.11154],[-114.401352,34.111652],[-114.390565,34.110084],[-114.379234,34.115988],[-114.369297,34.117517],[-114.366521,34.118575],[-114.360402,34.123577],[-114.356373,34.130429],[-114.353031,34.133121],[-114.348052,34.134458],[-114.336112,34.134035],[-114.324576,34.136759],[-114.320777,34.138635],[-114.312206,34.144776],[-114.292806,34.166725],[-114.287294,34.170529],[-114.275267,34.17215],[-114.268267,34.17021],[-114.254141,34.173831],[-114.244191,34.179625],[-114.240712,34.183232],[-114.229715,34.186928],[-114.227034,34.188866],[-114.224941,34.193896],[-114.225861,34.201774],[-114.225194,34.203642],[-114.223384,34.205136],[-114.215454,34.208956],[-114.211761,34.211539],[-114.208253,34.215505],[-114.190876,34.230858],[-114.17805,34.239969],[-114.176403,34.241512],[-114.175948,34.242695],[-114.174322,34.245468],[-114.173119,34.247226],[-114.166536,34.249647],[-114.164476,34.251667],[-114.163867,34.253349],[-114.163122,34.255187],[-114.161826,34.257038],[-114.159697,34.258242],[-114.156853,34.258415],[-114.153346,34.258289],[-114.147159,34.259564],[-114.144779,34.259623],[-114.139055,34.259538],[-114.136185,34.261296],[-114.134612,34.263518],[-114.134427,34.266387],[-114.134768,34.268965],[-114.136671,34.274377],[-114.137045,34.277018],[-114.13605,34.280833],[-114.138365,34.288564],[-114.139534,34.295844],[-114.138167,34.300936],[-114.138282,34.30323],[-114.14093,34.305919],[-114.157206,34.317862],[-114.168807,34.339513],[-114.172845,34.344979],[-114.176909,34.349306],[-114.181145,34.352186],[-114.185556,34.354386],[-114.191094,34.356125],[-114.199482,34.361373],[-114.213774,34.36246],[-114.226107,34.365916],[-114.229686,34.368908],[-114.234275,34.376662],[-114.245261,34.385659],[-114.248649,34.388113],[-114.252739,34.3901],[-114.264317,34.401329],[-114.267521,34.402486],[-114.280108,34.403147],[-114.286802,34.40534],[-114.288663,34.406623],[-114.290219,34.408291],[-114.291751,34.411104],[-114.292226,34.417606],[-114.294836,34.421389],[-114.301016,34.426807],[-114.312251,34.432726],[-114.319054,34.435831],[-114.32613,34.437251],[-114.330669,34.445295],[-114.332991,34.448082],[-114.335372,34.450038],[-114.339627,34.451435],[-114.342615,34.451442],[-114.356025,34.449744],[-114.363404,34.447773],[-114.373719,34.446938],[-114.375789,34.447798],[-114.378852,34.450376],[-114.386699,34.457911],[-114.387407,34.460492],[-114.387187,34.462021],[-114.383525,34.470405],[-114.381701,34.47604],[-114.381555,34.477883],[-114.383038,34.488903],[-114.382358,34.495757],[-114.381402,34.499242],[-114.378124,34.507288],[-114.378223,34.516521],[-114.380838,34.529724],[-114.389603,34.542982],[-114.405228,34.569637],[-114.422382,34.580711],[-114.429747,34.591734],[-114.429747,34.595846],[-114.43009,34.596874],[-114.427502,34.599227],[-114.425338,34.600842],[-114.424326,34.602338],[-114.424202,34.610453],[-114.428648,34.614641],[-114.438739,34.621455],[-114.441398,34.630171],[-114.441525,34.631529],[-114.440294,34.63824],[-114.441465,34.64253],[-114.444276,34.646542],[-114.449549,34.651423],[-114.451753,34.654321],[-114.451971,34.657166],[-114.452628,34.659573],[-114.451785,34.663891],[-114.451753,34.665044],[-114.451971,34.666795],[-114.452628,34.668546],[-114.454305,34.671234],[-114.45491,34.673092],[-114.455473,34.675768],[-114.456567,34.677956],[-114.462178,34.6858],[-114.465246,34.691202],[-114.46809,34.701786],[-114.46862,34.707573],[-114.470477,34.711368],[-114.47162,34.712966],[-114.473682,34.713964],[-114.477297,34.714514],[-114.481954,34.716036],[-114.486768,34.7191],[-114.490971,34.724848],[-114.492017,34.725702],[-114.495858,34.727956],[-114.503361,34.731247],[-114.510292,34.733582],[-114.516619,34.736745],[-114.521048,34.741173],[-114.522619,34.74373],[-114.525611,34.747005],[-114.529615,34.750822],[-114.540306,34.757109],[-114.546884,34.761802],[-114.552682,34.766871],[-114.558653,34.773852],[-114.57101,34.794294],[-114.574569,34.805746],[-114.576452,34.8153],[-114.581126,34.826115],[-114.586842,34.835672],[-114.592339,34.841153],[-114.600653,34.847361],[-114.604255,34.849573],[-114.619878,34.856873],[-114.623939,34.859738],[-114.630682,34.866352],[-114.634382,34.87289],[-114.635176,34.875003],[-114.636768,34.885705],[-114.636725,34.889107],[-114.635425,34.895192],[-114.630877,34.907263],[-114.630552,34.911852],[-114.633237,34.92123],[-114.633253,34.924608],[-114.632196,34.930628],[-114.629753,34.938684],[-114.629769,34.94304],[-114.629811,34.94481],[-114.631681,34.95131],[-114.634953,34.958918],[-114.635237,34.965149],[-114.634607,34.96906],[-114.629907,34.980791],[-114.629015,34.986148],[-114.62919,34.991887],[-114.629928,34.99474],[-114.633013,35.002085],[-114.636674,35.008807],[-114.638023,35.020556],[-114.636893,35.028367],[-114.632429,35.037586],[-114.627124,35.044721],[-114.606694,35.058941],[-114.603619,35.064226],[-114.602908,35.068588],[-114.604736,35.07483],[-114.613132,35.083097],[-114.622517,35.088703],[-114.642831,35.096503],[-114.646759,35.101872],[-114.644352,35.105904],[-114.629934,35.118272],[-114.619905,35.121632],[-114.59912,35.12105],[-114.58774,35.123729],[-114.578524,35.12875],[-114.572747,35.138725],[-114.569569,35.163053],[-114.569238,35.18348],[-114.572119,35.200591],[-114.574835,35.205898],[-114.579963,35.20964],[-114.583559,35.22993],[-114.583111,35.23809],[-114.587129,35.262376],[-114.597503,35.296954],[-114.595931,35.325234],[-114.604314,35.353584],[-114.611435,35.369056],[-114.627137,35.409504],[-114.652005,35.429165],[-114.662125,35.444241],[-114.6645,35.449497],[-114.666377,35.466856],[-114.672901,35.481708],[-114.677643,35.489742],[-114.679205,35.499992],[-114.677205,35.513491],[-114.673805,35.517891],[-114.663105,35.524491],[-114.658005,35.530491],[-114.656905,35.534391],[-114.657405,35.536391],[-114.660205,35.539291],[-114.662005,35.545491],[-114.663005,35.56369],[-114.666184,35.577576],[-114.665649,35.580428],[-114.659606,35.58749],[-114.654306,35.59759],[-114.653406,35.610789],[-114.658206,35.619089],[-114.677107,35.641489],[-114.689407,35.651412],[-114.690008,35.664688],[-114.682207,35.678188],[-114.680607,35.685488],[-114.683208,35.689387],[-114.694108,35.695187],[-114.701208,35.701187],[-114.705409,35.708287],[-114.705309,35.711587],[-114.697309,35.733686],[-114.695709,35.755986],[-114.701409,35.769086],[-114.69891,35.790185],[-114.71211,35.806185],[-114.70991,35.810185],[-114.70371,35.814585],[-114.69571,35.830601],[-114.69641,35.833784],[-114.699848,35.843283],[-114.699848,35.84837],[-114.697767,35.854844],[-114.68201,35.863284],[-114.679501,35.868023],[-114.678114,35.871953],[-114.67742,35.874728],[-114.677883,35.876346],[-114.679039,35.880046],[-114.68112,35.885364],[-114.700271,35.901772],[-114.708516,35.912313],[-114.707526,35.92806],[-114.715692,35.934709],[-114.729356,35.941413],[-114.731159,35.943916],[-114.728318,35.95629],[-114.729941,35.962183],[-114.740595,35.975656],[-114.743756,35.985095],[-114.743243,36.00653],[-114.742779,36.009963],[-114.740522,36.013336],[-114.731162,36.021862],[-114.729707,36.028166],[-114.730435,36.031317],[-114.734314,36.035681],[-114.739405,36.037863],[-114.740617,36.041015],[-114.740375,36.043682],[-114.740375,36.049258],[-114.736738,36.054349],[-114.736253,36.05847],[-114.743342,36.070535],[-114.754099,36.07944],[-114.755491,36.081601],[-114.755618,36.087166],[-114.753638,36.090705],[-114.747079,36.097005],[-114.736165,36.104367],[-114.717293,36.107686],[-114.709771,36.107742],[-114.666538,36.117343],[-114.66289,36.119932],[-114.65995,36.124145],[-114.631716,36.142306],[-114.627855,36.141012],[-114.621883,36.13213],[-114.616694,36.130101],[-114.608264,36.133949],[-114.597212,36.142103],[-114.572031,36.15161],[-114.545789,36.152248],[-114.511721,36.150956],[-114.506711,36.148277],[-114.504631,36.145629],[-114.50482,36.142414],[-114.505387,36.137496],[-114.506144,36.134659],[-114.505766,36.131444],[-114.504442,36.129741],[-114.502172,36.128796],[-114.49612,36.12785],[-114.487034,36.129396],[-114.470152,36.138801],[-114.463637,36.139695],[-114.458369,36.138586],[-114.453325,36.130726],[-114.448654,36.12641],[-114.446605,36.12597],[-114.427169,36.136305],[-114.41695,36.145761],[-114.412373,36.147254],[-114.405475,36.147371],[-114.372106,36.143114],[-114.363109,36.130246],[-114.337273,36.10802],[-114.328777,36.105501],[-114.30843,36.082443],[-114.305738,36.074882],[-114.307879,36.071291],[-114.314206,36.066619],[-114.316109,36.063109],[-114.315557,36.059494],[-114.314028,36.058165],[-114.280202,36.046362],[-114.270645,36.03572],[-114.266721,36.029238],[-114.263146,36.025937],[-114.252651,36.020193],[-114.238799,36.014561],[-114.233289,36.014289],[-114.21369,36.015613],[-114.19238,36.020993],[-114.176824,36.027651],[-114.166465,36.027738],[-114.15413,36.023862],[-114.151725,36.024563],[-114.148191,36.028013],[-114.138202,36.041284],[-114.137188,36.046785],[-114.138203,36.053161],[-114.136896,36.059467],[-114.114531,36.095217],[-114.114165,36.096982],[-114.117459,36.100893],[-114.123221,36.104746],[-114.123975,36.106515],[-114.123144,36.111576],[-114.120862,36.114596],[-114.111011,36.119875],[-114.103222,36.120176],[-114.09987,36.121654],[-114.088954,36.144381],[-114.068027,36.180663],[-114.060302,36.189363],[-114.046838,36.194069],[-114.046743,36.245246],[-114.047106,36.250591],[-114.048226,36.268874],[-114.048515,36.289598],[-114.046935,36.315449],[-114.047584,36.325573],[-114.045806,36.391071],[-114.045829,36.442973],[-114.046488,36.473449],[-114.048476,36.49998],[-114.04966,36.621113],[-114.050167,36.624978],[-114.050562,36.656259],[-114.050606,36.800184],[-114.050619,36.843128],[-114.050619,36.843141],[-114.049995,36.957769],[-114.0506,37.000396],[-113.965907,37.000025],[-113.965907,36.999976],[-112.966471,37.000219],[-112.899366,37.000319],[-112.609787,37.000753],[-112.558974,37.000692],[-112.545094,37.000734],[-112.540368,37.000669],[-112.538593,37.000674]]]}}]}","volume":"74","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7ef7e4b0c8380cd7a845","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Amarello, Melissa","contributorId":90860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amarello","given":"Melissa","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nowak, Erica M.","contributorId":28509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowak","given":"Erica","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taylor, Emily N.","contributorId":43702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schuett, Gordon W.","contributorId":177222,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schuett","given":"Gordon","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Repp, Roger A.","contributorId":24576,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Repp","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rosen, Philip C.","contributorId":70311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosen","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hardy, David L. Sr.","contributorId":177223,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hardy","given":"David","suffix":"Sr.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70154833,"text":"70154833 - 2010 - Factors associated with mortality of walleyes and saugers caught in live-release tournaments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-02T15:31:29.733098","indexId":"70154833","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors associated with mortality of walleyes and saugers caught in live-release tournaments","docAbstract":"We measured the initial mortality (fish judged nonreleasable at weigh-in), prerelease mortality (fish judged nonreleasable 1–2 h after weigh-in [which includes initial mortality]), and postrelease mortality (fish that died during a 5-d retention in net-pens) in 14 live-release tournaments for walleye Sander vitreus conducted in April–October 2006 and April–July 2007 in lakes and rivers in Michigan, Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. Among the 14 events, initial mortality was 0–28%, prerelease mortality was 3–54%, and postrelease mortality was 0–100%; the mortality of reference fish (walleyes ≥31 cm long that were captured by electrofishing and held in net-pens with tournament-caught walleyes to measure postrelease mortality) was 0–97%. Mortality was generally low in events conducted when water temperatures were below 14°C but substantially higher in events when water temperatures were above 18°C. The mortality of reference fish suggests that capture by electrofishing and minimal handling when the water temperature exceeds 19°C results in high mortality of walleyes that is largely the result of the thermal conditions immediately after capture. Mortality was not related to the size of the tournaments (number of boats), the total number or weight of walleyes weighed in, or the mean number or weight of walleyes weighed in per boat. Mortality was positively related to the depth at which walleyes were caught and the live-well temperature and negatively related to the live-well dissolved oxygen concentration. Surface water temperature was the best predictor of mortality, and models were developed to predict the probability of prerelease and postrelease mortality of 10, 20, and 30% or less of tournament-caught walleyes due to water temperature.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/M09-003.1","usgsCitation":"Schramm, H., Vondracek, B.C., French, W.E., and Gerard, P., 2010, Factors associated with mortality of walleyes and saugers caught in live-release tournaments: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 30, no. 1, p. 238-253, https://doi.org/10.1577/M09-003.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"238","endPage":"253","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-011354","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475826,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11299/183646","text":"External Repository"},{"id":306783,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan, Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Detroit River, Devils Lake, Lake Bemidji, Lake Michigan, Lake Oahe, Mille Lacs, Petenwell Lake, Mississippi River, Wolf River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.220458984375,\n 41.623655390686395\n ],\n [\n -86.572265625,\n 41.91045347666418\n ],\n [\n -86.37451171875,\n 42.25291778330197\n ],\n [\n -86.17675781249999,\n 42.706659563510385\n ],\n [\n -86.24267578125,\n 43.18915769654922\n ],\n [\n -86.561279296875,\n 43.65197548731187\n ],\n [\n -86.429443359375,\n 43.89789239125797\n ],\n [\n -86.517333984375,\n 44.071800467511565\n ],\n [\n -86.275634765625,\n 44.378839759088585\n ],\n [\n -86.297607421875,\n 44.69989765840318\n ],\n [\n -86.055908203125,\n 44.91813929958515\n ],\n [\n -85.75927734375,\n 45.120052841530516\n ],\n [\n -85.53955078125,\n 45.22848059584359\n ],\n [\n -85.63842773437499,\n 44.941473354802504\n ],\n [\n -85.550537109375,\n 44.77013681219717\n ],\n [\n -85.374755859375,\n 45.089035564831036\n ],\n [\n -85.3857421875,\n 45.26715476332791\n ],\n [\n -85.078125,\n 45.390735154248894\n ],\n [\n -84.891357421875,\n 45.42929873257377\n ],\n [\n -85.078125,\n 45.48324350868221\n ],\n [\n -85.15502929687499,\n 45.5679096098613\n ],\n [\n -84.990234375,\n 45.767522962149904\n ],\n [\n -84.814453125,\n 45.81348649679971\n ],\n [\n -85.045166015625,\n 46.01985337287634\n ],\n [\n -85.528564453125,\n 46.08847179577592\n ],\n [\n -85.814208984375,\n 45.95878764035642\n ],\n [\n -86.0888671875,\n 45.95878764035642\n ],\n [\n -86.33056640625,\n 45.91294412737392\n ],\n [\n -86.41845703124999,\n 45.79816953017265\n ],\n [\n -86.627197265625,\n 45.644768217751924\n ],\n [\n -86.72607421875,\n 45.66780526567164\n ],\n [\n -86.561279296875,\n 45.87471224890479\n ],\n [\n -86.737060546875,\n 45.836454050187726\n ],\n [\n -86.923828125,\n 45.72152152227954\n ],\n [\n -87.000732421875,\n 45.805828539928356\n ],\n [\n -86.978759765625,\n 45.897654534346884\n ],\n [\n -87.066650390625,\n 45.729191061299936\n ],\n [\n -87.220458984375,\n 45.644768217751924\n ],\n [\n -87.34130859375,\n 45.43700828867389\n ],\n [\n -87.5390625,\n 45.18978009667531\n ],\n [\n -87.64892578125,\n 45.09679146394738\n ],\n [\n -87.64892578125,\n 44.96479793033104\n ],\n [\n -87.81372070312499,\n 44.92591837128866\n ],\n [\n -87.879638671875,\n 44.81691551782855\n ],\n [\n -88.033447265625,\n 44.61393394730626\n ],\n [\n -87.978515625,\n 44.55133484083592\n ],\n [\n -87.835693359375,\n 44.67646564865964\n ],\n [\n -87.64892578125,\n 44.78573392716592\n ],\n [\n -87.47314453125,\n 44.88701247981298\n ],\n [\n -87.33032226562499,\n 45.089035564831036\n ],\n [\n -87.16552734375,\n 45.22848059584359\n ],\n [\n -87.03369140625,\n 45.31352900692261\n ],\n [\n -86.890869140625,\n 45.42929873257377\n ],\n [\n -86.90185546874999,\n 45.259422036351694\n ],\n [\n -87.14355468749999,\n 45.01141864227728\n ],\n [\n -87.506103515625,\n 44.52001001133986\n ],\n [\n -87.5390625,\n 44.3002644115815\n ],\n [\n -87.528076171875,\n 44.166444664458595\n ],\n [\n -87.6708984375,\n 44.07969327425713\n ],\n [\n -87.73681640625,\n 43.866218006556394\n ],\n [\n -87.71484375,\n 43.70759350405294\n ],\n [\n -87.835693359375,\n 43.46089378008257\n ],\n [\n -87.879638671875,\n 43.14909399920127\n ],\n [\n -87.86865234374999,\n 42.94838139765314\n ],\n [\n -87.769775390625,\n 42.755079545072135\n ],\n [\n -87.82470703125,\n 42.54498667313236\n ],\n [\n -87.82470703125,\n 42.342305278572816\n ],\n [\n -87.69287109375,\n 42.07376224008719\n ],\n [\n -87.593994140625,\n 41.80407814427237\n ],\n [\n -87.42919921875,\n 41.64007838467894\n ],\n [\n -87.220458984375,\n 41.623655390686395\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.01441955566406,\n 44.050089820756796\n ],\n [\n -89.96017456054688,\n 44.06390660801779\n ],\n [\n -89.94987487792967,\n 44.09744824027576\n ],\n [\n -89.97528076171875,\n 44.100899975864145\n ],\n [\n -89.96017456054688,\n 44.11618381123757\n ],\n [\n -89.93545532226562,\n 44.118648575852\n ],\n [\n -89.93682861328125,\n 44.12998516884592\n ],\n [\n -89.94369506835938,\n 44.133927821670355\n ],\n [\n -89.92996215820312,\n 44.13934853953939\n ],\n [\n -89.92996215820312,\n 44.147232331753706\n ],\n [\n -89.90180969238281,\n 44.162996757670605\n ],\n [\n -89.89700317382812,\n 44.173339873464684\n ],\n [\n -89.89013671875,\n 44.188112606916484\n ],\n [\n -89.88327026367188,\n 44.20583500104184\n ],\n [\n -89.88258361816406,\n 44.21863119293724\n ],\n [\n -89.87503051757812,\n 44.22404412945281\n ],\n [\n -89.879150390625,\n 44.231424604494165\n ],\n [\n -89.86404418945311,\n 44.242247627238285\n ],\n [\n -89.87022399902344,\n 44.252576837375855\n ],\n [\n -89.89151000976562,\n 44.25503590577483\n ],\n [\n -89.90730285644531,\n 44.24962581956621\n ],\n [\n -89.91073608398436,\n 44.23880415411581\n ],\n [\n -89.91691589355469,\n 44.231424604494165\n ],\n [\n -89.92790222167969,\n 44.222567923394735\n ],\n [\n -89.94026184082031,\n 44.20928040313676\n ],\n [\n -89.94094848632812,\n 44.19746675692876\n ],\n [\n -89.94369506835938,\n 44.18762024210347\n ],\n [\n -89.95124816894531,\n 44.180234276372886\n ],\n [\n -89.95262145996094,\n 44.173339873464684\n ],\n [\n -89.96978759765625,\n 44.17186239653775\n ],\n [\n -89.98214721679688,\n 44.164967014797135\n ],\n [\n -89.98626708984375,\n 44.156592967556605\n ],\n [\n -89.99176025390625,\n 44.146739625584985\n ],\n [\n -89.99656677246092,\n 44.137377426981466\n ],\n [\n -90.00823974609375,\n 44.13787021128985\n ],\n [\n -90.01716613769531,\n 44.132942183139654\n ],\n [\n -90.01991271972655,\n 44.125056482685146\n ],\n [\n -90.04806518554688,\n 44.11963445291023\n ],\n [\n -90.04875183105469,\n 44.11273296805244\n ],\n [\n -90.04463195800781,\n 44.10829587357286\n ],\n [\n -90.04875183105469,\n 44.09991378625815\n ],\n [\n -90.04806518554688,\n 44.09300999842547\n ],\n [\n -90.03982543945312,\n 44.084132515414545\n ],\n [\n -90.03776550292969,\n 44.07525370000069\n ],\n [\n -90.03433227539062,\n 44.06390660801779\n ],\n [\n -90.0274658203125,\n 44.05502475773596\n ],\n [\n -90.01441955566406,\n 44.050089820756796\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.6194610595703,\n 47.91864298946684\n ],\n [\n -98.60298156738281,\n 47.956823800497475\n ],\n [\n -98.65036010742186,\n 47.99084074978137\n ],\n [\n -98.71971130371094,\n 48.02713141132251\n ],\n [\n -98.77052307128906,\n 48.05467687730273\n ],\n [\n -98.82202148437499,\n 48.08862933522144\n ],\n [\n -98.87489318847656,\n 48.08220761536228\n ],\n [\n -98.91059875488281,\n 48.056053763981225\n ],\n [\n -98.9263916015625,\n 48.07349114169717\n ],\n [\n -98.90373229980469,\n 48.09321578710874\n ],\n [\n -98.86528015136719,\n 48.10513864768105\n ],\n [\n -98.86528015136719,\n 48.116600329117695\n ],\n [\n -98.91403198242188,\n 48.11201596330927\n ],\n [\n -98.94630432128906,\n 48.10238746374147\n ],\n [\n -98.95660400390625,\n 48.07945520426949\n ],\n [\n -98.97789001464842,\n 48.07119708739186\n ],\n [\n -99.01908874511719,\n 48.080831428223966\n ],\n [\n -99.01084899902344,\n 48.09780182994637\n ],\n [\n -98.98887634277344,\n 48.11705874320268\n ],\n [\n -98.98063659667969,\n 48.13264238851409\n ],\n [\n -98.96553039550781,\n 48.158757304569235\n ],\n [\n -98.98612976074217,\n 48.16150547016802\n ],\n [\n -99.01222229003906,\n 48.14363976215909\n ],\n [\n -99.02252197265625,\n 48.126684494179344\n ],\n [\n -99.04243469238281,\n 48.10559716402152\n ],\n [\n -99.06166076660156,\n 48.09734324406965\n ],\n [\n -99.09324645996094,\n 48.106514184431525\n ],\n [\n -99.08638000488281,\n 48.123934463666394\n ],\n [\n -99.09324645996094,\n 48.13814136980191\n ],\n [\n -99.10972595214844,\n 48.14272340433032\n ],\n [\n -99.10423278808594,\n 48.16333749877855\n ],\n [\n -99.09049987792969,\n 48.177991372208\n ],\n [\n -99.09393310546875,\n 48.19081007655071\n ],\n [\n -99.12483215332031,\n 48.19126782812919\n ],\n [\n -99.18113708496092,\n 48.18531673866785\n ],\n [\n -99.1900634765625,\n 48.169291139886596\n ],\n [\n -99.20860290527344,\n 48.176617749456426\n ],\n [\n -99.22370910644531,\n 48.184858933932304\n ],\n [\n -99.23881530761719,\n 48.1789071002632\n ],\n [\n -99.22988891601562,\n 48.16150547016802\n ],\n [\n -99.23812866210938,\n 48.14913756559802\n ],\n [\n -99.24705505371094,\n 48.13630844147665\n ],\n [\n -99.24362182617186,\n 48.12439281231023\n ],\n [\n -99.24087524414062,\n 48.11293286919236\n ],\n [\n -99.26971435546875,\n 48.10926514749487\n ],\n [\n -99.27040100097656,\n 48.10147036970551\n ],\n [\n -99.25529479980469,\n 48.096884654102475\n ],\n [\n -99.25872802734374,\n 48.089546658323215\n ],\n [\n -99.26902770996094,\n 48.0771614158644\n ],\n [\n -99.26765441894531,\n 48.06477319125292\n ],\n [\n -99.24636840820312,\n 48.06477319125292\n ],\n [\n -99.24705505371094,\n 48.053299953804434\n ],\n [\n -99.23881530761719,\n 48.03906958827236\n ],\n [\n -99.22645568847656,\n 48.03034580796616\n ],\n [\n -99.21958923339842,\n 48.034937455397866\n ],\n [\n -99.20997619628906,\n 48.02483529097477\n ],\n [\n -99.19486999511719,\n 48.013353154890076\n ],\n [\n -99.18182373046875,\n 48.01978346615278\n ],\n [\n -99.16465759277344,\n 48.0142718198849\n ],\n [\n -99.14268493652344,\n 48.007381433478855\n ],\n [\n -99.14199829101561,\n 47.99635490025392\n ],\n [\n -99.13444519042967,\n 47.987164322102686\n ],\n [\n -99.09393310546875,\n 47.9977333458022\n ],\n [\n -99.07608032226562,\n 48.007381433478855\n ],\n [\n -99.04586791992188,\n 48.017946316196635\n ],\n [\n -99.041748046875,\n 48.03677399981123\n ],\n [\n -99.02320861816406,\n 48.04136507445029\n ],\n [\n -99.01153564453125,\n 48.03126417018395\n ],\n [\n -99.00741577148438,\n 48.01243447352838\n ],\n [\n -99.00810241699219,\n 47.99727386804474\n ],\n [\n -98.98681640625,\n 47.97889140226659\n ],\n [\n -98.97445678710938,\n 47.986704750228434\n ],\n [\n -98.96141052246094,\n 47.99451691556855\n ],\n [\n -98.95042419433594,\n 47.996814386195304\n ],\n [\n -98.93119812011717,\n 47.99175981578037\n ],\n [\n -98.90510559082031,\n 47.987164322102686\n ],\n [\n -98.88656616210938,\n 47.99313838408855\n ],\n [\n -98.87077331542969,\n 48.01151577579978\n ],\n [\n -98.88038635253906,\n 48.02483529097477\n ],\n [\n -98.85360717773436,\n 48.03401915864286\n ],\n [\n -98.82957458496092,\n 48.0473328598339\n ],\n [\n -98.81172180175781,\n 48.052381984350035\n ],\n [\n -98.80210876464844,\n 48.03815136516193\n ],\n [\n -98.79936218261717,\n 48.023916814194926\n ],\n [\n -98.80210876464844,\n 48.003706184284205\n ],\n [\n -98.78288269042967,\n 47.99359789867388\n ],\n [\n -98.76846313476562,\n 47.985785594203556\n ],\n [\n -98.78562927246094,\n 47.97429476278083\n ],\n [\n -98.80142211914062,\n 47.96601978044179\n ],\n [\n -98.80416870117188,\n 47.95222519664455\n ],\n [\n -98.78974914550781,\n 47.94670633179335\n ],\n [\n -98.7725830078125,\n 47.95728363837357\n ],\n [\n -98.75816345214844,\n 47.96510025611191\n ],\n [\n -98.73001098632812,\n 47.97475444514465\n ],\n [\n -98.71833801269531,\n 47.98992166741417\n ],\n [\n -98.70323181152344,\n 47.99405740916722\n ],\n [\n -98.68057250976562,\n 47.98992166741417\n ],\n [\n -98.6743927001953,\n 47.97291569113554\n ],\n [\n -98.67301940917969,\n 47.963720938923785\n ],\n [\n -98.66409301757812,\n 47.95314495015594\n ],\n [\n -98.64006042480469,\n 47.94532652349504\n ],\n [\n -98.63800048828125,\n 47.93520680379448\n ],\n [\n -98.64143371582031,\n 47.92692555969686\n ],\n [\n -98.64143371582031,\n 47.91680223820858\n ],\n [\n -98.62632751464844,\n 47.91220007354159\n ],\n [\n -98.6194610595703,\n 47.91864298946684\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.49639892578125,\n 46.126556302418514\n ],\n [\n -93.44146728515625,\n 46.17412493440401\n ],\n [\n -93.51837158203125,\n 46.244451065485094\n ],\n [\n -93.51837158203125,\n 46.30140615437332\n ],\n [\n -93.51837158203125,\n 46.34692761055676\n ],\n [\n -93.5760498046875,\n 46.3810438458062\n ],\n [\n -93.72711181640625,\n 46.36967413462374\n ],\n [\n -93.81500244140625,\n 46.337447097476925\n ],\n [\n -93.84796142578124,\n 46.29001987172955\n ],\n [\n -93.82598876953125,\n 46.238752301105706\n ],\n [\n -93.80401611328125,\n 46.20454728416395\n ],\n [\n -93.77655029296875,\n 46.181732100439916\n ],\n [\n -93.768310546875,\n 46.15700496290803\n ],\n [\n -93.7353515625,\n 46.137976523476574\n ],\n [\n -93.66119384765624,\n 46.10751733820335\n ],\n [\n -93.58428955078125,\n 46.115133713265415\n ],\n [\n -93.56781005859374,\n 46.128459837044915\n ],\n [\n -93.5321044921875,\n 46.10370875598026\n ],\n [\n -93.49639892578125,\n 46.126556302418514\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.57423400878906,\n 44.55622782328973\n ],\n [\n -92.57423400878906,\n 44.600001698189416\n ],\n [\n -92.47055053710938,\n 44.600001698189416\n ],\n [\n -92.47055053710938,\n 44.55622782328973\n ],\n [\n -92.57423400878906,\n 44.55622782328973\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -100.4315185546875,\n 44.36190585475236\n ],\n [\n -100.4315185546875,\n 44.449467536006935\n ],\n [\n -100.33710479736328,\n 44.449467536006935\n ],\n [\n -100.33710479736328,\n 44.36190585475236\n ],\n [\n -100.4315185546875,\n 44.36190585475236\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.71520042419434,\n 44.09621542873065\n ],\n [\n -88.71520042419434,\n 44.11421192552102\n ],\n [\n -88.70266914367676,\n 44.11421192552102\n ],\n [\n -88.70266914367676,\n 44.09621542873065\n ],\n [\n -88.71520042419434,\n 44.09621542873065\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d305b3e4b0518e35468cf8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schramm, Harold Jr. hschramm@usgs.gov","contributorId":145495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schramm","given":"Harold","suffix":"Jr.","email":"hschramm@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vondracek, Bruce C. bcv@usgs.gov","contributorId":904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vondracek","given":"Bruce","email":"bcv@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":568233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"French, William E.","contributorId":97355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"French","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gerard, Patrick D.","contributorId":140181,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gerard","given":"Patrick D.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70037346,"text":"70037346 - 2010 - Hepatic pathologies in the brackish water catfish (Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus) from contaminated locations of the Lagos lagoon complex","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-28T16:52:57.016663","indexId":"70037346","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":830,"text":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Hepatic pathologies in the brackish water catfish (Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus) from contaminated locations of the Lagos lagoon complex","title":"Hepatic pathologies in the brackish water catfish (Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus) from contaminated locations of the Lagos lagoon complex","docAbstract":"Several toxicological studies into the effects of aquatic pollutants on the liver of teleost fish exist in literature. The focus on the liver in these studies is predicated on its central nature in the scheme of biotransformation and excretion of xenobiotics following exposure in polluted water bodies. As a consequence of the latter primary role of the liver in these processes it is regarded as a predilective site for the sub lethal effects of xenobiotics on the organism usually detectable at histological level. Hepatic histopathology recorded in livers from feral populations of the brackish water catfish Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus from locations on the Lagos lagoon complex with significant anthropogenic inputs from denizen populations and industries are presented. Liver sections from sixty specimens from two locations on the Lagos lagoon complex (Badagry lagoon: 6°24'N, 2°56'E; and Lagos lagoon: 6°29'N, 3°22'E) were analysed. Observed pathologies included hydropic degeneration (58%), portal / sinusoidal congestion (33%), hepatic necrosis (26%), hemosiderosis (12%) and foci of cellular alterations (FCA's). No obvious oncologic features were observed; the presence of the hydropic Vacuolation lesion was taken as prelude to the development of neoplasms and discussed as such.
","language":"English","publisher":"Penkala Bt.","doi":"10.15666/aeer/0703_277286","usgsCitation":"Olarinmoye, O., Taiwo, V., Clarke, E., Kumolu-Johnson, C., Aderinola, O., and Adekunbi, F., 2010, Hepatic pathologies in the brackish water catfish (Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus) from contaminated locations of the Lagos lagoon complex: Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, v. 7, no. 3, p. 277-286, https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/0703_277286.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"277","endPage":"286","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487238,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/0703_277286","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":413483,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Lagos","otherGeospatial":"Badagry Lagoon, Lagos Lagoon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 2.9,\n 6.423914548203811\n ],\n [\n 2.9,\n 6.396531107011754\n ],\n [\n 2.95,\n 6.396531107011754\n ],\n [\n 2.95,\n 6.423914548203811\n ],\n [\n 2.9,\n 6.423914548203811\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 3.4,\n 6.5\n ],\n [\n 3.34,\n 6.5\n ],\n [\n 3.34,\n 6.46\n ],\n [\n 3.4,\n 6.46\n ],\n [\n 3.4,\n 6.5\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3061e4b0c8380cd5d5d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olarinmoye, O.","contributorId":48053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olarinmoye","given":"O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taiwo, V.","contributorId":85847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taiwo","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clarke, E.","contributorId":60507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clarke","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kumolu-Johnson, C.","contributorId":51614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kumolu-Johnson","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Aderinola, O.","contributorId":104781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aderinola","given":"O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Adekunbi, F.","contributorId":59311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adekunbi","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70156906,"text":"70156906 - 2010 - Water-budget methods","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70156906,"text":"70156906 - 2010 - Water-budget methods","indexId":"70156906","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"chapter":"2","title":"Water-budget methods"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70189200,"text":"70189200 - 2010 - Estimating groundwater recharge","indexId":"70189200","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Estimating groundwater recharge"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70189200,"text":"70189200 - 2010 - Estimating groundwater recharge","indexId":"70189200","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Estimating groundwater recharge"},"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-26T17:34:23.507642","indexId":"70156906","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"2","title":"Water-budget methods","docAbstract":"A water budget is an accounting of water movement into and out of, and storage change within, some control volume. Universal and adaptable are adjectives that reflect key features of water-budget methods for estimating recharge. The universal concept of mass conservation of water implies that water-budget methods are applicable over any space and time scales (Healy et al., 2007). The water budget of a soil column in a laboratory can be studied at scales of millimeters and seconds. A water-budget equation is also an integral component of atmospheric general circulation models used to predict global climates over periods of decades or more. Water-budget equations can be easily customized by adding or removing terms to accurately portray the peculiarities of any hydrologic system. The equations are generally not bound by assumptions on mechanisms by which water moves into, through, and out of the control volume of interest. So water-budget methods can be used to estimate both diffuse and focused recharge, and recharge estimates are unaffected by phenomena such as preferential flow paths within the unsaturated zone.
Water-budget methods represent the largest class of techniques for estimating recharge. Most hydrologic models are derived from a water-budget equation and can therefore be classified as water-budget models. It is not feasible to address all water-budget methods in a single chapter. This chapter is limited to discussion of the “residual” water-budget approach, whereby all variables in a water-budget equation, except for recharge, are independently measured or estimated and recharge is set equal to the residual. This chapter is closely linked with Chapter 3, on modeling methods, because the equations presented here form the basis of many models and because models are often used to estimate individual components in water-budget studies. Water budgets for streams and other surface-water bodies are addressed in Chapter 4. The use of soil-water budgets and lysimeters for determining potential recharge and evapotranspiration from changes in water storage is discussed in Chapter 5. Aquifer water-budget methods based on the measurement of groundwater levels are described in Chapter 6.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Estimating groundwater recharge","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/CBO9780511780745.003","isbn":"9780511780745","usgsCitation":"Healy, R.W., 2010, Water-budget methods, chap. 2 of Estimating groundwater recharge, p. 15-42, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511780745.003.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"42","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-008545","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307797,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560bb71ee4b058f706e53f9e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Healy, Richard W. 0000-0002-0224-1858 rwhealy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0224-1858","contributorId":658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"Richard","email":"rwhealy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70037050,"text":"70037050 - 2010 - Sapflow and water use of freshwater wetland trees exposed to saltwater incursion in a tidally influenced South Carolina watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-30T11:38:45","indexId":"70037050","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1170,"text":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sapflow and water use of freshwater wetland trees exposed to saltwater incursion in a tidally influenced South Carolina watershed","docAbstract":"Sea-level rise and anthropogenic activity promote salinity incursion into many tidal freshwater forested wetlands. Interestingly, individual trees can persist for decades after salt impact. To understand why, we documented sapflow (Js), reduction in Js with sapwood depth, and water use (F) of baldcypress (Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich.) trees undergoing exposure to salinity. The mean Js of individual trees was reduced by 2.8 g H2O??m-2??s-1 (or by 18%) in the outer sapwood on a saline site versus a freshwater site; however, the smallest trees, present only on the saline site, also registered the lowest Js. Hence, tree size significantly influenced the overall site effect on Js. Trees undergoing perennial exposure to salt used greater relative amounts of water in outer sapwood than in inner sapwood depths, which identifies a potentially different strategy for baldcypress trees coping with saline site conditions over decades. Overall, individual trees used 100 kg H2O??day-1 on a site that remained relatively fresh versus 23.9 kg H2O??day-1 on the saline site. We surmise that perennial salinization of coastal freshwater forests forces shifts in individual-tree osmotic balance and water-use strategy to extend survival time on suboptimal sites, which further influences growth and morphology.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/x09-204","issn":"00455067","usgsCitation":"Krauss, K., and Duberstein, J., 2010, Sapflow and water use of freshwater wetland trees exposed to saltwater incursion in a tidally influenced South Carolina watershed: Canadian Journal of Forest Research, v. 40, no. 3, p. 525-535, https://doi.org/10.1139/x09-204.","startPage":"525","endPage":"535","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244985,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217073,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x09-204"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.2879867553711,\n 33.25246979589199\n ],\n [\n -79.2879867553711,\n 33.40221152741838\n ],\n [\n -79.1400146484375,\n 33.40221152741838\n ],\n [\n -79.1400146484375,\n 33.25246979589199\n ],\n [\n -79.2879867553711,\n 33.25246979589199\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b86bee4b08c986b3160e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krauss, K. W. 0000-0003-2195-0729","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":19517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"K. W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duberstein, J.A.","contributorId":44381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duberstein","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037049,"text":"70037049 - 2010 - Development of a macrophyte-based index of biotic integrity for Minnesota lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037049","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of a macrophyte-based index of biotic integrity for Minnesota lakes","docAbstract":"Traditional approaches for managing aquatic resources have often failed to account for effects of anthropogenic disturbances on biota that are not directly reflected by chemical and physical proxies of environmental condition. The index of biotic integrity (IBI) is a potentially effective assessment method to integrate ecological, functional, and structural aspects of aquatic systems. A macrophyte-based IBI was developed for Minnesota lakes to assess the ability of aquatic plant communities to indicate environmental condition. The index was developed using quantitative point intercept vegetation surveys for 97 lakes that represent a range of limnological and watershed characteristics. We followed an approach similar to that used in Wisconsin to develop the aquatic macrophyte community index (AMCI). Regional adaptation of the AMCI required the identification of species representative of macrophyte communities in Minnesota. Metrics and scaling methods were also substantially modified to produce a more empirically robust index. Regression analyses indicated that IBI scores reflected statewide differences in lake trophic state (R2 = 0.57, F = 130.3, df = 1, 95, p < 0.005), agricultural (R2 = 0.51, F = 83.0, df = 1, 79, p < 0.005), urban (R2 = 0.22, F = 23.0, df = 1, 79, p < 0.005), and forested land uses (R2 = 0.51, F = 84.7, df = 1, 79, p < 0.005), and county population density (R2 = 0.14, F = 16.6, df = 1, 95, p < 0.005). Variance partitioning analyses using multiple regression models indicated a unique response of the IBI to human-induced stress separate from a response to natural lake characteristics. The IBI was minimally affected by differences in sample point density as indicated by Monte Carlo analyses of reduced sampling effort. Our analysis indicates that a macrophyte IBI calibrated for Minnesota lakes could be useful for identifying differences in environmental condition attributed to human-induced stress gradients. ?? 2010 Elsevier Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Indicators","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2010.02.006","issn":"1470160X","usgsCitation":"Beck, M., Hatch, L., Vondracek, B., and Valley, R., 2010, Development of a macrophyte-based index of biotic integrity for Minnesota lakes: Ecological Indicators, v. 10, no. 5, p. 968-979, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2010.02.006.","startPage":"968","endPage":"979","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475924,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11299/183538","text":"External Repository"},{"id":217043,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2010.02.006"},{"id":244954,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a003ce4b0c8380cd4f667","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beck, M.W.","contributorId":48004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beck","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hatch, L.K.","contributorId":39615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"L.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vondracek, B.","contributorId":69930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vondracek","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Valley, R.D.","contributorId":25798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valley","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70037198,"text":"70037198 - 2010 - Reclaimed mineland curve number response to temporal distribution of rainfall","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037198","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reclaimed mineland curve number response to temporal distribution of rainfall","docAbstract":"The curve number (CN) method is a common technique to estimate runoff volume, and it is widely used in coal mining operations such as those in the Appalachian region of Kentucky. However, very little CN data are available for watersheds disturbed by surface mining and then reclaimed using traditional techniques. Furthermore, as the CN method does not readily account for variations in infiltration rates due to varying rainfall distributions, the selection of a single CN value to encompass all temporal rainfall distributions could lead engineers to substantially under- or over-size water detention structures used in mining operations or other land uses such as development. Using rainfall and runoff data from a surface coal mine located in the Cumberland Plateau of eastern Kentucky, CNs were computed for conventionally reclaimed lands. The effects of temporal rainfall distributions on CNs was also examined by classifying storms as intense, steady, multi-interval intense, or multi-interval steady. Results indicate that CNs for such reclaimed lands ranged from 62 to 94 with a mean value of 85. Temporal rainfall distributions were also shown to significantly affect CN values with intense storms having significantly higher CNs than multi-interval storms. These results indicate that a period of recovery is present between rainfall bursts of a multi-interval storm that allows depressional storage and infiltration rates to rebound. ?? 2010 American Water Resources Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00444.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Warner, R., Agouridis, C., Vingralek, P., and Fogle, A., 2010, Reclaimed mineland curve number response to temporal distribution of rainfall: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 46, no. 4, p. 724-732, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00444.x.","startPage":"724","endPage":"732","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245345,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217399,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00444.x"}],"volume":"46","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9670e4b0c8380cd81fbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warner, R.C.","contributorId":95304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Agouridis, C.T.","contributorId":79338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agouridis","given":"C.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vingralek, P.T.","contributorId":101922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vingralek","given":"P.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fogle, A.W.","contributorId":96051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fogle","given":"A.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70037444,"text":"70037444 - 2010 - Coastal loading and transport of Escherichia coli at an embayed beach in Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:08","indexId":"70037444","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coastal loading and transport of Escherichia coli at an embayed beach in Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"A Chicago beach in southwest Lake Michigan was revisited to determine the influence of nearshore hydrodynamic effects on the variability of Escherichia coli (E. coli) concentration in both knee-deep and offshore waters. Explanatory variables that could be used for identifying potential bacteria loading mechanisms, such as bed shear stress due to a combined wave-current boundary layer and wave runup on the beach surface, were derived from an existing wave and current database. The derived hydrodynamic variables, along with the actual observed E. coli concentrations in the submerged and foreshore sands, were expected to reveal bacteria loading through nearshore sediment resuspension and swash on the beach surface, respectively. Based on the observation that onshore waves tend to result in a more active hydrodynamic system at this embayed beach, multiple linear regression analysis of onshore-wave cases further indicated the significance of sediment resuspension and the interaction of swash with gull-droppings in explaining the variability of E. coli concentration in the knee-deep water. For cases with longshore currents, numerical simulations using the Princeton Ocean Model revealed current circulation patterns inside the embayment, which can effectively entrain bacteria from the swash zone into the central area of the embayed beach water and eventually release them out of the embayment. The embayed circulation patterns are consistent with the statistical results that identified that 1) the submerged sediment was an additional net source of E. coli to the offshore water and 2) variability of E. coli concentration in the knee-deep water contributed adversely to that in the offshore water for longshore-current cases. The embayed beach setting and the statistical and numerical methods used in the present study have wide applicability for analyzing recreational water quality at similar marine and freshwater sites. ?? 2010 American Chemical Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es100797r","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Ge, Z., Nevers, M., Schwab, D., and Whitman, R., 2010, Coastal loading and transport of Escherichia coli at an embayed beach in Lake Michigan: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 44, no. 17, p. 6731-6737, https://doi.org/10.1021/es100797r.","startPage":"6731","endPage":"6737","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217354,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es100797r"},{"id":245298,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-08-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f785e4b0c8380cd4cb74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ge, Z.","contributorId":99769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ge","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nevers, M.B.","contributorId":13787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nevers","given":"M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schwab, D.J.","contributorId":23730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwab","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Whitman, R.L.","contributorId":69750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitman","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70037478,"text":"70037478 - 2010 - Landscape influences on genetic differentiation among bull trout populations in a stream-lake network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037478","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscape influences on genetic differentiation among bull trout populations in a stream-lake network","docAbstract":"This study examined the influence of landscape heterogeneity on genetic differentiation between migratory bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) populations in Glacier National Park, Montana. An information-theoretic approach was used to compare different conceptual models of dispersal associated with barriers, different models of isolation by distance, and the combined effects of barriers, waterway distance, patch size, and intra- and inter-drainage distribution of populations on genetic differentiation between bull trout populations. The effect of distance between populations on genetic differentiation was best explained by partitioning the effects of mainstem and tributary stream sections. Models that categorized barriers as having a one-way effect (i.e. allowed downstream dispersal) or a two-way effect were best supported. Additionally, patch size and the distribution of populations among drainages influenced genetic differentiation. Genetic differentiation between bull trout populations in Glacier National Park is linked to landscape features that restrict dispersal. However, this analysis illustrates that modelling variability within landscape features, such as dispersal corridors, will benefit landscape genetic analyses. Additionally, the framework used for evaluating the effects of barriers must consider not just barrier presence, but also potential asymmetries in barrier effects with respect to the organism under investigation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Molecular Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04655.x","issn":"09621083","usgsCitation":"Meeuwig, M., Guy, C., Kalinowski, S., and Fredenberg, W., 2010, Landscape influences on genetic differentiation among bull trout populations in a stream-lake network: Molecular Ecology, v. 19, no. 17, p. 3620-3633, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04655.x.","startPage":"3620","endPage":"3633","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217097,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04655.x"},{"id":245013,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-08-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4414e4b0c8380cd6682b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meeuwig, M.H.","contributorId":24741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meeuwig","given":"M.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guy, C.S.","contributorId":59160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guy","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kalinowski, S.T.","contributorId":26899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalinowski","given":"S.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fredenberg, W.A.","contributorId":53196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fredenberg","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70037232,"text":"70037232 - 2010 - Radar image and data fusion for natural hazards characterisation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-05T16:38:44","indexId":"70037232","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2052,"text":"International Journal of Image and Data Fusion","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radar image and data fusion for natural hazards characterisation","docAbstract":"Fusion of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images through interferometric, polarimetric and tomographic processing provides an all - weather imaging capability to characterise and monitor various natural hazards. This article outlines interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) processing and products and their utility for natural hazards characterisation, provides an overview of the techniques and applications related to fusion of SAR/InSAR images with optical and other images and highlights the emerging SAR fusion technologies. In addition to providing precise land - surface digital elevation maps, SAR - derived imaging products can map millimetre - scale elevation changes driven by volcanic, seismic and hydrogeologic processes, by landslides and wildfires and other natural hazards. With products derived from the fusion of SAR and other images, scientists can monitor the progress of flooding, estimate water storage changes in wetlands for improved hydrological modelling predictions and assessments of future flood impacts and map vegetation structure on a global scale and monitor its changes due to such processes as fire, volcanic eruption and deforestation. With the availability of SAR images in near real - time from multiple satellites in the near future, the fusion of SAR images with other images and data is playing an increasingly important role in understanding and forecasting natural hazards.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/19479832.2010.499219","issn":"19479832","usgsCitation":"Lu, Z., Dzurisin, D., Jung, H., Zhang, J., and Zhang, Y., 2010, Radar image and data fusion for natural hazards characterisation: International Journal of Image and Data Fusion, v. 1, no. 3, p. 217-242, https://doi.org/10.1080/19479832.2010.499219.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"217","endPage":"242","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245376,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217429,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19479832.2010.499219"}],"volume":"1","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9383e4b0c8380cd80e78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lu, Zhong 0000-0001-9181-1818 lu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-1818","contributorId":901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Zhong","email":"lu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":459988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dzurisin, Daniel 0000-0002-0138-5067 dzurisin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0138-5067","contributorId":538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dzurisin","given":"Daniel","email":"dzurisin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jung, Hyung-Sup","contributorId":58382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jung","given":"Hyung-Sup","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zhang, Jixian","contributorId":36396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Jixian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zhang, Yonghong","contributorId":82563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Yonghong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70037473,"text":"70037473 - 2010 - Using chloride and other ions to trace sewage and road salt in the Illinois Waterway","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037473","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using chloride and other ions to trace sewage and road salt in the Illinois Waterway","docAbstract":"Chloride concentrations in waterways of northern USA are increasing at alarming rates and road salt is commonly assumed to be the cause. However, there are additional sources of Cl- in metropolitan areas, such as treated wastewater (TWW) and water conditioning salts, which may be contributing to Cl- loads entering surface waters. In this study, the potential sources of Cl- and Cl- loads in the Illinois River Basin from the Chicago area to the Illinois River's confluence with the Mississippi River were investigated using halide data in stream samples and published Cl- and river discharge data. The investigation showed that road salt runoff and TWW from the Chicago region dominate Cl- loads in the Illinois Waterway, defined as the navigable sections of the Illinois River and two major tributaries in the Chicago region. Treated wastewater discharges at a relatively constant rate throughout the year and is the primary source of Cl- and other elements such as F- and B. Chloride loads are highest in the winter and early spring as a result of road salt runoff which can increase Cl- concentrations by up to several hundred mg/L. Chloride concentrations decrease downstream in the Illinois Waterway due to dilution, but are always elevated relative to tributaries downriver from Chicago. The TWW component is especially noticeable downstream under low discharge conditions during summer and early autumn when surface drainage is at a minimum and agricultural drain tiles are not flowing. Increases in population, urban and residential areas, and roadways in the Chicago area have caused an increase in the flux of Cl- from both road salt and TWW. Chloride concentrations have been increasing in the Illinois Waterway since around 1960 at a rate of about 1 mg/L/a. The increase is largest in the winter months due to road salt runoff. Shallow groundwater Cl- concentrations are also increasing, potentially producing higher base flow concentrations. Projected increases in population and urbanization over the next several decades suggest that the trend of increasing Cl- concentrations and loads will continue. Given the susceptibility of aquatic ecosystems to increasing Cl- concentrations, especially short-term spikes following snow melts, deleterious effects on riverine ecosystems would be expected. ?? 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.01.020","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Kelly, W., Panno, S., Hackley, K.C., Hwang, H., Martinsek, A., and Markus, M., 2010, Using chloride and other ions to trace sewage and road salt in the Illinois Waterway: Applied Geochemistry, v. 25, no. 5, p. 661-673, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.01.020.","startPage":"661","endPage":"673","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217037,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.01.020"},{"id":244948,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc03ee4b08c986b329fee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kelly, W.R.","contributorId":74120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Panno, S.V.","contributorId":102990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Panno","given":"S.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hackley, Keith C.","contributorId":12166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hwang, H.-H.","contributorId":6981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hwang","given":"H.-H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Martinsek, A.T.","contributorId":100107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martinsek","given":"A.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Markus, M.","contributorId":54781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markus","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70037475,"text":"70037475 - 2010 - The relative influence of nutrients and habitat on stream metabolism in agricultural streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037475","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The relative influence of nutrients and habitat on stream metabolism in agricultural streams","docAbstract":"Stream metabolism was measured in 33 streams across a gradient of nutrient concentrations in four agricultural areas of the USA to determine the relative influence of nutrient concentrations and habitat on primary production (GPP) and respiration (CR-24). In conjunction with the stream metabolism estimates, water quality and algal biomass samples were collected, as was an assessment of habitat in the sampling reach. When data for all study areas were combined, there were no statistically significant relations between gross primary production or community respiration and any of the independent variables. However, significant regression models were developed for three study areas for GPP (r 2 = 0.79-0.91) and CR-24 (r 2 = 0.76-0.77). Various forms of nutrients (total phosphorus and area-weighted total nitrogen loading) were significant for predicting GPP in two study areas, with habitat variables important in seven significant models. Important physical variables included light availability, precipitation, basin area, and in-stream habitat cover. Both benthic and seston chlorophyll were not found to be important explanatory variables in any of the models; however, benthic ash-free dry weight was important in two models for GPP. ?? 2009 The Author(s).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10661-009-1127-y","issn":"01676369","usgsCitation":"Frankforter, J., Weyers, H., Bales, J., Moran, P., and Calhoun, D., 2010, The relative influence of nutrients and habitat on stream metabolism in agricultural streams: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 168, no. 1-4, p. 461-479, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1127-y.","startPage":"461","endPage":"479","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475920,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1127-y","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217039,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1127-y"},{"id":244950,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"168","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-08-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baf2de4b08c986b3245e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frankforter, J.D.","contributorId":80303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frankforter","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weyers, H.S.","contributorId":8592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weyers","given":"H.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bales, J. D.","contributorId":21569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bales","given":"J. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moran, P.W.","contributorId":9401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"P.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Calhoun, D.L.","contributorId":100653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calhoun","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70037547,"text":"70037547 - 2010 - Land-use controls on sources and processing of nitrate in small watersheds: Insights from dual isotopic analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:04","indexId":"70037547","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Land-use controls on sources and processing of nitrate in small watersheds: Insights from dual isotopic analysis","docAbstract":"Studies have repeatedly shown that agricultural and urban areas export considerably more nitrogen to streams than forested counterparts, yet it is difficult to identify and quantify nitrogen sources to streams due to complications associated with terrestrial and in-stream biogeochemical processes. In this study, we used the isotopic composition of nitrate (??15N-NO3- and ??18O- NO3-) in conjunction with a simple numerical model to examine the spatial and temporal variability of nitrate (NO3-) export across a land-use gradient and how agricultural and urban development affects net removal mechanisms. In an effort to isolate the effects of land use, we chose small headwater systems in close proximity to each other, limiting the variation in geology, surficial materials, and climate between sites. The ??15N and ??18Oof stream NO 3- varied significantly between urban, agricultural, and forested watersheds, indicating that nitrogen sources are the primary determinant of the ??15N-NO3-, while the ??18O-NO3- was found to reflect biogeochemical processes. The greatest NO3- concentrations corresponded with the highest stream ??15N-NO3- values due to the enriched nature of two dominant anthropogenic sources, septic and manure, within the urban and agricultural watersheds, respectively. On average, net removal of the available NO3- pool within urban and agricultural catchments was estimated at 45%. The variation in the estimated net removal of NO3- from developed watersheds was related to both drainage area and the availability of organic carbon. The determination of differentiated isotopic land-use signatures and dominant seasonal mechanisms illustrates the usefulness of this approach in examining the sources and processing of excess nitrogen within headwater catchments. ?? 2010 by the Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/08-1328.1","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Barnes, R., and Raymond, P., 2010, Land-use controls on sources and processing of nitrate in small watersheds: Insights from dual isotopic analysis: Ecological Applications, v. 20, no. 7, p. 1961-1978, https://doi.org/10.1890/08-1328.1.","startPage":"1961","endPage":"1978","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218112,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/08-1328.1"},{"id":246094,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a43bee4b0c8380cd665a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnes, R.T.","contributorId":9103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnes","given":"R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Raymond, P.A.","contributorId":62013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raymond","given":"P.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037228,"text":"70037228 - 2010 - Dramatic beach and nearshore morphological changes due to extreme flooding at a wave-dominated river mouth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-02T14:42:27","indexId":"70037228","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dramatic beach and nearshore morphological changes due to extreme flooding at a wave-dominated river mouth","docAbstract":"Record flooding on the Santa Clara River of California (USA) during January 2005 injected ∼ 5 million m3 of littoral-grade sediment into the Santa Barbara Littoral Cell, approximately an order of magnitude more than both the average annual river loads and the average annual alongshore littoral transport in this portion of the cell. This event appears to be the largest sediment transport event on record for a Southern California river. Over 170 m of local shoreline (mean high water (MHW)) progradation was observed as a result of the flood, followed by 3 years of rapid local shoreline recession. During this post-flood stage, linear regression-determined shoreline change rates are up to −45 m a− 1 on the subaerial beach (MHW) and − 114 m a− 1 on the submarine delta (6 m isobath). Starting approximately 1 km downdrift of the river mouth, shoreline progradation persisted throughout the 3-year post-flood monitoring period, with rates up to + 19 m a− 1. Post-flood bathymetric surveys show nearshore (0 to 12 m depth) erosion on the delta exceeding 400 m3/m a− 1, more than an order of magnitude higher than mean seasonal cross-shore sediment transport rates in the region. Changes were not constant with depth, however; sediment accumulation and subsequent erosion on the delta were greatest at − 5 to − 8 m, and accretion in downdrift areas was greatest above –2 m. Thus, this research shows that the topographic bulge (or “wave”) of sediment exhibited both advective and diffusive changes with time, although there were significant variations in the rates of change with depth. The advection and diffusion of the shoreline position was adequately reproduced with a simple “one line” model, although these modeling techniques miss the important cross-shore variations observed in this area. This study illustrates the importance of understanding low-frequency, high volume coastal discharge events for understanding short- and long-term sediment supply, littoral transport, and beach and nearshore evolution in coastal systems adjacent to river mouths.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2010.01.018","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Barnard, P., and Warrick, J., 2010, Dramatic beach and nearshore morphological changes due to extreme flooding at a wave-dominated river mouth: Marine Geology, v. 271, no. 1-2, p. 131-148, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2010.01.018.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"131","endPage":"148","costCenters":[{"id":528,"text":"Pacific Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217369,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2010.01.018"},{"id":245314,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"271","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a03d4e4b0c8380cd50684","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnard, P.L.","contributorId":20527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"P.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warrick, J.A.","contributorId":53503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037551,"text":"70037551 - 2010 - Use of the azimuthal resistivity technique for determination of regional azimuth of transmissivity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70037551","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1541,"text":"Environmental Geosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of the azimuthal resistivity technique for determination of regional azimuth of transmissivity","docAbstract":"Many bedrock units contain joint sets that commonly act as preferred paths for the movement of water, electrical charge, and possible contaminants associated with production or transit of crude oil or refined products. To facilitate the development of remediation programs, a need exists to reliably determine regional-scale properties of these joint sets: azimuth of transmissivity ellipse, dominant set, and trend(s). The surface azimuthal electrical resistivity survey method used for local in situ studies can be a noninvasive, reliable, efficient, and relatively cost-effective method for regional studies. The azimuthal resistivity survey method combines the use of standard resistivity equipment with a Wenner array rotated about a fixed center point, at selected degree intervals, which yields an apparent resistivity ellipse from which joint-set orientation can be determined. Regional application of the azimuthal survey method was tested at 17 sites in an approximately 500 km2 (193 mi2) area around Milwaukee, Wisconsin, with less than 15m (50 ft) overburden above the dolomite. Results of 26 azimuthal surveys were compared and determined to be consistent with the results of two other methods: direct observation of joint-set orientation and transmissivity ellipses from multiple-well-aquifer tests. The average of joint-set trend determined by azimuthal surveys is within 2.5?? of the average of joint-set trend determined by direct observation of major joint sets at 24 sites. The average of maximum of transmissivity trend determined by azimuthal surveys is within 5.7?? of the average of maximum of transmissivity trend determined for 14 multiple-well-aquifer tests. Copyright ?? 2010 The American Association of Petroleum Geologists/Division of Environmental Geosciences. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Geosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1306/eg.05071010004","issn":"10759565","usgsCitation":"Carlson, D.R., 2010, Use of the azimuthal resistivity technique for determination of regional azimuth of transmissivity: Environmental Geosciences, v. 17, no. 4, p. 163-174, https://doi.org/10.1306/eg.05071010004.","startPage":"163","endPage":"174","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245876,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217903,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1306/eg.05071010004"}],"volume":"17","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbf9ce4b08c986b329c6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlson, David R.","contributorId":89100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}