A new oceanographic radar instrument package was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to measure storm waves and water levels in the nearshore, capable of being deployed rapidly and transmitting data in near real-time. To test the performance and accuracy of the sensor, multiple years of data were collected over various hydrodynamic conditions and compared to long-term monitoring data collected at the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Field Research Facility in Duck, North Carolina, USA. The oceanographic radars were highly reliable, with less than 1% of the record being erroneous spikes or missing data points. At the end of the pier, the radar was highly accurate, with nearly perfect agreement in water level (r2 = 0.997) compared to a nearby National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) tide gauge, and good agreement in significant wave height (r2 = 0.98) and peak wave period (r2 = 0.65) compared to a nearby USACE sensor. This work demonstrates the potential of the USGS radar for rapid response storm deployments and collecting reliable and accurate hydrodynamic measurements in the nearshore for validating coastal impact models.
","conferenceTitle":"Coastal Dynamics 2025","conferenceDate":"April 7-11, 2025","conferenceLocation":"Aveiro, Portugal","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-15473-6_106","usgsCitation":"Brown, J., McClenney, B.J., and Dickhudt, P., 2026, Measuring storm waves and water levels from a fixed structure with a rapidly deployable oceanographic radar, Coastal Dynamics 2025, Aveiro, Portugal, April 7-11, 2025, p. 696-702, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-15473-6_106.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"696","endPage":"702","ipdsId":"IP-174186","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500987,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":501099,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-15473-6_106","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","city":"Duck","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Jenna A. 0000-0003-3137-7073","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3137-7073","contributorId":208564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Jenna A.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McClenney, Bryce J 0009-0007-6454-2078","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6454-2078","contributorId":367183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClenney","given":"Bryce","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dickhudt, Patrick J. ","contributorId":169593,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dickhudt","given":"Patrick J. ","affiliations":[{"id":25562,"text":"(former) Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center employee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70274668,"text":"70274668 - 2026 - Who needs closure? Estimating abundance with a Markovian availability model for geographically open removal sampling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-03T15:59:32.312798","indexId":"70274668","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-05T08:51:53","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Who needs closure? Estimating abundance with a Markovian availability model for geographically open removal sampling","docAbstract":"Removal sampling is an important method for estimating abundance, but nearly all removal models assume closure during sampling. Yet, closure may be difficult to assume, evaluate, or enforce in many settings. To address situations where populations are geographically open between each removal sample, we incorporated a Markovian availability process into an N-mixture model framework. This model relates local abundance available for sampling to a superpopulation through recruitment of new individuals to the sampling area. To test the model, we (1) conducted parameter identifiability analysis, (2) fit the model to removal data generated from a random walk movement model, and (3) analyzed a case study of empirical removal data. Parameters were increasingly identifiable as capture probability exceeded 0.25 and removal samples increased from 3 to 6. Abundance estimates were unbiased when parameters were identifiable, except for scenarios that simulated a behavioral response to sampling. For our case study, the model estimated negligible recruitment for benthic-oriented fishes, indicating closure, but we found evidence against closure for juvenile Chinook salmon, a highly mobile species. Our removal model allows researchers to formally test closure assumptions, to estimate the degree of closure, and to estimate abundance without bias when closure is violated.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecy.70289","usgsCitation":"Perry, R.W., Pope, A.C., Hendrix, A.N., Kirsch, J.E., Matthias, B.G., and Dodrill, M.J., 2026, Who needs closure? Estimating abundance with a Markovian availability model for geographically open removal sampling: Ecology, v. 107, no. 3, e70289, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.70289.","productDescription":"e70289, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-173976","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502464,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.70289","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":502169,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.83191369646093,\n 38.29270493761476\n ],\n [\n -121.83191369646093,\n 37.97384682645672\n ],\n [\n -121.44796698911333,\n 37.97384682645672\n ],\n [\n -121.44796698911333,\n 38.29270493761476\n ],\n [\n -121.83191369646093,\n 38.29270493761476\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"107","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perry, Russell W. 0000-0003-4110-8619","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4110-8619","contributorId":220177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Russell","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pope, Adam C. 0000-0002-7253-2247","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7253-2247","contributorId":223237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Adam","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hendrix, A. Noble","contributorId":369226,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hendrix","given":"A.","middleInitial":"Noble","affiliations":[{"id":87738,"text":"QEDA Consulting, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kirsch, Joseph E.","contributorId":369227,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirsch","given":"Joseph","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":87739,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Lodi Fish and Wildlife Office, Lodi, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Matthias, Bryan G.","contributorId":369228,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matthias","given":"Bryan","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":87739,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Lodi Fish and Wildlife Office, Lodi, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dodrill, Michael J. 0000-0002-7038-7170","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7038-7170","contributorId":206439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodrill","given":"Michael","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70274672,"text":"70274672 - 2026 - The impacts of co-circulating pathogens in Pacific herring depend on interactions between viral life-cycle traits and transmission parameters, highlighting interdependencies between pathogen epizootics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-03T15:48:44.185294","indexId":"70274672","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-05T08:37:06","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":23782,"text":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, Series B","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The impacts of co-circulating pathogens in Pacific herring depend on interactions between viral life-cycle traits and transmission parameters, highlighting interdependencies between pathogen epizootics","docAbstract":"The average host susceptibility decreases as the epizootic progresses because easily infected hosts are first removed from the population. While host susceptibility is pathogen-specific, it is likely that host susceptibility is correlated between different pathogens, so that co-circulating pathogens may have reciprocal impacts on their epidemics. However, despite well-documented examples of concomitant infections in marine hosts, reciprocal epizootic effects have not been documented in wild marine organisms. We quantify reciprocal impacts between viral haemorrhagic septicaemia and viral erythrocytic necrosis in Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) using field and laboratory work. We show that the causative viruses for both diseases circulate through herring populations and that infection with one pathogen has negative impacts on the epizootic and infection characteristics of the other pathogen, suggesting positive correlations in the susceptibility to infection between pathogens. We then use simulations of a two-strain pathogen model to show that the impact of the correlation is modulated by transmission parameters, such as the incubation period and the initial transmission rate. Our work shows that co-occurring epizootics pose a management challenge because single-pathogen management actions may amplify the epizootics of the non-targeted pathogen. This study provides a framework to evaluate the consequences of reciprocal epizootic impacts through field, experimental and modelling work.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Society Publishing","doi":"10.1098/rstb.2024.0329","usgsCitation":"Páez, D.J., Grady, C.A., Gregg, J.L., Batts, W.N., Ferreiro-Luce, S., Herron, V.L., Loeher, M.M., Williamson, S., and Hershberger, P., 2026, The impacts of co-circulating pathogens in Pacific herring depend on interactions between viral life-cycle traits and transmission parameters, highlighting interdependencies between pathogen epizootics: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, Series B, v. 381, no. 1945, 20240329, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2024.0329.","productDescription":"20240329, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-180382","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502463,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2024.0329","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":502168,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Port Angeles Harbor","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.46245173833248,\n 48.14469328364527\n ],\n [\n -123.46245173833248,\n 48.11631496533502\n ],\n [\n -123.39897354240969,\n 48.11631496533502\n ],\n [\n -123.39897354240969,\n 48.14469328364527\n ],\n [\n -123.46245173833248,\n 48.14469328364527\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"381","issue":"1945","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Páez, David James 0000-0001-9035-394X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9035-394X","contributorId":296751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Páez","given":"David","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grady, Courtney Ann 0009-0001-9079-2501","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9079-2501","contributorId":369229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grady","given":"Courtney","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gregg, Jacob L. 0000-0001-5328-5482 jgregg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5328-5482","contributorId":203912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gregg","given":"Jacob","email":"jgregg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Batts, William N.","contributorId":369230,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Batts","given":"William","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":87741,"text":"Formerly U.S. Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research Center, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ferreiro-Luce, Shayla","contributorId":369245,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferreiro-Luce","given":"Shayla","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":958682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Herron, V. L.","contributorId":369247,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herron","given":"V.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":958683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Loeher, Malina Mariko 0000-0001-9589-5641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9589-5641","contributorId":365991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loeher","given":"Malina","middleInitial":"Mariko","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Williamson, Sarah","contributorId":369231,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williamson","given":"Sarah","affiliations":[{"id":87742,"text":"Alaska Pacific University, Fisheries, Aquatic Science, and Technology Laboratory, 4101 University Drive, Anchorage, AK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hershberger, Paul 0000-0002-2261-7760","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-7760","contributorId":203322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"Paul","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70274267,"text":"70274267 - 2026 - Comparison of nonlethal techniques as indicators of lipid content in Lake Whitefish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-24T15:28:44.904443","indexId":"70274267","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-05T08:20:47","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of nonlethal techniques as indicators of lipid content in Lake Whitefish","docAbstract":"Objective
Energetic reserves are important indicators of the relative health of fish and fish populations. Body condition indices that relate fish weight to length are commonly used as quick, noninvasive methods for approximating lipid content and condition. A microwave meter (i.e., fat meter or energy meter) is a noninvasive method found to be more accurate in some species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the suitability of nonlethal techniques for estimating muscle lipid content in Lake Whitefish Coregonus clupeaformis.
Methods
We compared the sensitivity of three nonlethal indicators of lipid content to laboratory-extracted muscle lipid content in Lake Whitefish, including readings from a handheld microwave meter at several positions, Fulton’s condition factor, and relative weight.
Results
We found significant, positive relationships between lipid content and each estimation method, except relative weight, with weak to moderate correlations. The microwave meter was moderately correlated to lipid content when positioned anterior to the dorsal fin above the lateral line (r2 = 0.50), while other positions and combinations of positions had weaker correlations (r2 range = 0.27–0.45). Correlation was only slightly improved by including additional model variables (i.e., length and weight). Fulton’s condition factor was weakly correlated with lipid content (r2 = 0.19), while relative weight was not significantly correlated with lipid content.
Conclusion
The microwave meter provides an improvement to muscle lipid estimation compared with length–weight body condition indices; however, microwave meter readings alone do not constitute a reliable predictive measure for true muscle lipid content under the conditions tested here. We hypothesize that the low strength of correlation may be due to low muscle lipid content or the presence of thick scales in Lake Whitefish. Further investigation is needed to understand the mechanisms negatively affecting the predictive performance of the microwave meter in Lake Whitefish and other species.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1093/tafafs/vnag002","usgsCitation":"Funnell, T.R., Shrestha, J., Leads, R.R., Holbrook, C.M., Sano, K., and Murphy, C.A., 2026, Comparison of nonlethal techniques as indicators of lipid content in Lake Whitefish: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, vnag002, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/tafafs/vnag002.","productDescription":"vnag002, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-164860","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501674,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tafafs/vnag002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":501453,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","city":"St. Ignace","otherGeospatial":"northern Lake Huron","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.68726826607411,\n 45.970689451800894\n ],\n [\n -84.68726826607411,\n 45.75821537500693\n ],\n [\n -84.21785270269774,\n 45.75821537500693\n ],\n [\n -84.21785270269774,\n 45.970689451800894\n ],\n [\n -84.68726826607411,\n 45.970689451800894\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Online First","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Funnell, Tyler Reid 0000-0002-9074-3531","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9074-3531","contributorId":334195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funnell","given":"Tyler","email":"","middleInitial":"Reid","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shrestha, Jenus","contributorId":367695,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shrestha","given":"Jenus","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leads, Rachel R.","contributorId":367696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leads","given":"Rachel","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Holbrook, Christopher M. 0000-0001-8203-6856 cholbrook@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8203-6856","contributorId":139681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holbrook","given":"Christopher","email":"cholbrook@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sano, Koji","contributorId":367697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sano","given":"Koji","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Murphy, Cheryl A.","contributorId":367698,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murphy","given":"Cheryl","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70274676,"text":"70274676 - 2026 - Region-specific understanding of virus transmission to support salmonid health at hatcheries in three regions of the Pacific Northwest, North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-03T15:21:58.487387","indexId":"70274676","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-05T08:16:06","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":22143,"text":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Region-specific understanding of virus transmission to support salmonid health at hatcheries in three regions of the Pacific Northwest, North America","docAbstract":"Juvenile salmonid mortality due to infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) can be a major burden on fish hatcheries. We consider possible IHNV transmission routes and specialist–generalist patterns across three regions in the Pacific Northwest of North America: Coastal Washington and Oregon (CWO), Lower Columbia River Basin (LCRB) and Snake River Basin (SRB) to obtain multi-region inference about IHNV transmission and specialization. While individual regions have been studied previously, our consideration of three regions to identify consistent trends or localized patterns is novel. The most consistent patterns we found were that most exposure to IHNV was from migrating adult salmonids and that the IHNV lineage MD specialized in steelhead and rainbow trout. Our results were consistent with LCRB being a source of IHNV and the SRB and CWO being sinks. Results specific to particular regions include the role of local geography on exposure and influence of hatchery complexes on transmission, which highlights the need to understand local hatchery operations before disease ecology can be understood and suitable hatchery management can be planned. Results demonstrate the need for spatially and temporally explicit quantitative approaches to understand disease dynamics and inform management.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Society Publishing","doi":"10.1098/rstb.2024.0322","usgsCitation":"Mattheiss, J.P., Breyta, R.B., Kurath, G., LaDeau, S.L., Páez, D.J., and Ferguson, P.F., 2026, Region-specific understanding of virus transmission to support salmonid health at hatcheries in three regions of the Pacific Northwest, North America: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, v. 381, no. 1945, 20240322, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2024.0322.","productDescription":"20240322, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176687","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502460,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2024.0322","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":502165,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Lower Columbia River Basin, Pacific Northwest, Snake River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.63069794032529,\n 48.98932804959145\n ],\n [\n -124.78037510708567,\n 48.24389599629413\n ],\n [\n -124.50444980039003,\n 41.85295916161954\n ],\n [\n -116.98100534342481,\n 41.99364717002604\n ],\n [\n -117.206944560168,\n 44.49781388281481\n ],\n [\n -116.45611329894513,\n 45.51144311201449\n ],\n [\n -116.91425339265653,\n 45.96490934925403\n ],\n [\n -116.82424195569669,\n 49.126774434613054\n ],\n [\n -123.63069794032529,\n 48.98932804959145\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"381","issue":"1945","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mattheiss, Jeffrey P.","contributorId":369235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mattheiss","given":"Jeffrey","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":87743,"text":"University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Breyta, Rachel B. 0000-0002-9106-1014","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9106-1014","contributorId":365995,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breyta","given":"Rachel","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":87304,"text":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":220175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"LaDeau, Shannon L.","contributorId":369236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LaDeau","given":"Shannon","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":47722,"text":"Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Páez, David James 0000-0001-9035-394X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9035-394X","contributorId":296751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Páez","given":"David","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ferguson, Paige F.B.","contributorId":369237,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferguson","given":"Paige","middleInitial":"F.B.","affiliations":[{"id":87743,"text":"University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70274669,"text":"70274669 - 2026 - From understanding to action: Integrating new and old methodologies to manage marine infectious disease","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-03T15:12:56.68187","indexId":"70274669","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-05T08:08:04","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":23782,"text":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, Series B","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"From understanding to action: Integrating new and old methodologies to manage marine infectious disease","docAbstract":"Marine diseases can have far-reaching effects on population, community and ecosystem health; however, our ability to track, predict and manage these diseases has, historically, been poor. As a result, the fields of disease ecology and epidemiology have developed at a slower pace for marine than terrestrial systems [1]. New methodologies, including genomic tools for diagnostics [2,3], transcriptomic tools for measuring host and pathogen responses to infection (e.g. [4,5]), regional oceanic modelling systems that estimate environmental conditions influencing pathogen dispersal and disease progression [6], artificial intelligence methods for quantifying pathology from images (e.g. [7]) and advanced disease modelling techniques [8,9] are precipitating a rapid increase in our understanding of marine pathosystems. In 2016, these efforts led to the first special issue of Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B (Marine diseases, volume 371, issue 1689) focused entirely on marine disease ecology and evolution, and in 2020, the first book, Marine disease ecology, was devoted to this topic [10].
This special issue, focused on marine disease management, is being published a decade after the first Philosophical Transactions special issue on marine diseases. The shift to a management focus reflects an urgent need for management strategies to address high-impact diseases and the rapid methodological advances that have resulted. The papers included in this issue demonstrate the value of combining classical approaches (e.g. routine disease surveillance, reductionistic pathogen challenge trials, rapid throughput diagnostics) with cutting-edge technologies (e.g. high-resolution oceanographic models, Bayesian models, replicated transcriptomic studies) to identify drivers of disease, quantify impacts and suggest management strategies.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Society Publishing","doi":"10.1098/rstb.2024.0318","usgsCitation":"Groner, M.L., Paez, D.J., and Gehman, A.M., 2026, From understanding to action: Integrating new and old methodologies to manage marine infectious disease: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, Series B, v. 381, no. 1945, 20240318, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2024.0318.","productDescription":"20240318, 4 p.","ipdsId":"IP-185260","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502457,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2024.0318","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":502162,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"381","issue":"1945","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Groner, Maya L. 0000-0002-3381-6415","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3381-6415","contributorId":292708,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Groner","given":"Maya","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":62985,"text":"Senior Research Scientist, Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Páez, David James 0000-0001-9035-394X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9035-394X","contributorId":296751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Páez","given":"David","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gehman, Alyssa-Lois M.","contributorId":335110,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gehman","given":"Alyssa-Lois","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":80312,"text":"Hakai Institute; University of British Columbia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70274219,"text":"70274219 - 2026 - Groundwater dependency and hydroclimatic influences on riparian and upland vegetation productivity, Upper San Pedro, Arizona, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-13T15:02:27.64804","indexId":"70274219","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-04T09:37:40","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater dependency and hydroclimatic influences on riparian and upland vegetation productivity, Upper San Pedro, Arizona, United States","docAbstract":"In arid and semi-arid regions, groundwater sustains vegetation through subsurface water access, yet the responses of groundwater-dependent ecosystems (GDEs) to changing hydroclimate and groundwater availability are relatively understudied. This study investigates seasonal and spatial patterns in vegetation greenness using Landsat Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) values across riparian and upland zones in the semi-arid Upper San Pedro (USP) watershed, southern Arizona, which experiences a bimodal precipitation regime. We paired 25 years (2000–2024) of EVI and depth to groundwater (DTG) data from 89 wells and climate metrics (precipitation and vapour pressure deficit) to quantify the sensitivity of vegetation to subsurface moisture as well as atmospheric moisture supply and demand. Vegetation at wells near the USP riparian area showed strong associations between EVI and DTG anomalies during the monsoon season, indicating sustained groundwater use even during this wet period when summer precipitation is abundant. In contrast, upland vegetation that lacked access to groundwater showed minimal sensitivity in EVI to DTG and was generally less responsive to vapour pressure deficit. Interestingly, the riparian GDEs were not decoupled from precipitation and climate variability. These results underscore the importance of groundwater for maintaining riparian productivity and highlight the utility of remote sensing in identifying vegetation-climate-groundwater linkages across heterogeneous dryland landscapes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70405","usgsCitation":"Bromley, F., Borxton, P., Zhang, J., van Leeuwen, W.J., Nagler, P., and Hu, J., 2026, Groundwater dependency and hydroclimatic influences on riparian and upland vegetation productivity, Upper San Pedro, Arizona, United States: Hydrological Processes, v. 40, no. 3, e70405, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70405.","productDescription":"e70405, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-180542","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501360,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70405","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":501145,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Upper San Pedro watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.31987279028372,\n 31.82228360728554\n ],\n [\n -110.31987279028372,\n 31.379497469636988\n ],\n [\n -109.98150823782808,\n 31.379497469636988\n ],\n [\n -109.98150823782808,\n 31.82228360728554\n ],\n [\n -110.31987279028372,\n 31.82228360728554\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bromley, Fern 0000-0003-0596-1487","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0596-1487","contributorId":367222,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bromley","given":"Fern","affiliations":[{"id":36671,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Borxton, Patrick 0000-0002-2665-6820","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2665-6820","contributorId":248510,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Borxton","given":"Patrick","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49935,"text":"2University of Arizona, School of Natural Resources and the Environment","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhang, Jiaqi","contributorId":202467,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Jiaqi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36453,"text":"University of Texas, Arlington, TX, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"van Leeuwen, Willem J.D. 0000-0002-3188-7172","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3188-7172","contributorId":191856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"van Leeuwen","given":"Willem","middleInitial":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":957085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nagler, Pamela L. 0000-0003-0674-103X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0674-103X","contributorId":363777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagler","given":"Pamela","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":957086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hu, Jia","contributorId":367226,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hu","given":"Jia","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":957087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70273889,"text":"70273889 - 2026 - Changing drivers of regional large magnitude avalanche frequency throughout Colorado, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-23T14:02:07.561392","indexId":"70273889","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-04T08:59:53","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2824,"text":"Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changing drivers of regional large magnitude avalanche frequency throughout Colorado, USA","docAbstract":"Large magnitude snow avalanches (destructive size ≥ D3) impact settlements, transportation corridors, and public safety worldwide. In Colorado, United States, avalanches have killed more people than any other natural hazard since 1950. In March 2019, a large magnitude avalanche cycle occurred throughout the entire mountainous portion of Colorado resulting in more than 1000 reported avalanches during a two-week period. Nearly 200 of these avalanches were size D4 or larger with at least three D5 avalanches. However, placing this 2019 large magnitude avalanche cycle in historic context requires data prior to the instrumental record. Here, we paired tree disturbance data from dendrochronology (1698 to 2020) with meteorological data from the modeled and instrumental record (1901 to 2020) to understand the frequency and climate drivers of large magnitude snow avalanche cycles. The extensive number of downed trees from the 2019 avalanche cycle allowed us to collect 1,188 cross-sections and cores from 1023 individual trees within 24 avalanche paths across the state. From these samples we identified 4135 avalanche-related growth disturbances. We employed a strategic nested sampling design to spatially aggregate avalanche frequency from individual avalanche paths, to counties, to three major sub-regions (i.e., north, central, and south), and across the entire region (i.e., state of Colorado). Over a period spanning more than three centuries (1698 to 2020), we identified 76 avalanche years within 24 individual avalanche paths. Large magnitude avalanche event frequency varied across paths and sub-regions with several notable region-wide avalanche cycles. Both tree-ring and historical written records highlighted 1899 as a year with widespread and large magnitude avalanche activity similar to the March 2019 avalanche cycle. Since the early-20th century (1900 to 2020) regional avalanche probability declined significantly in parallel with decreasing snowpack throughout Colorado. Similarly, dominant avalanche regimes shifted from large magnitude regional cycles driven by above average snowfall years over most of the record, to regional avalanche cycles occurring more commonly in average to low snow years since 1988. In recent decades, a lack of December precipitation and above average March precipitation characterized years with regional large magnitude avalanche activity. Even with declining snow water equivalent, truly extreme regional large magnitude avalanche cycles remain possible – as demonstrated by the 2019 cycle. This underscores that rare but high-impact events are not eliminated by long-term trends. Understanding the changing snow and weather drivers and subsequent behavior of large magnitude avalanche cycles across multiple spatial scales may improve avalanche forecasting and the products and mitigations strategies developed by structural engineers to mitigate avalanche danger. This can decrease the avalanche risk to the public and improve infrastructure design in avalanche terrain.
","language":"English","publisher":"Copernicus Publications","doi":"10.5194/nhess-26-1059-2026","usgsCitation":"Peitzsch, E.H., Martin, J.T., Greene, E.M., Eckert, N., Favillier, A., Konigsberg, J., Kichas, N., Stahle, D.K., Birkeland, K.W., Elder, K., and Pederson, G.T., 2026, Changing drivers of regional large magnitude avalanche frequency throughout Colorado, USA: Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, v. 26, p. 1059-1074, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-26-1059-2026.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1059","endPage":"1074","ipdsId":"IP-175486","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501654,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-26-1059-2026","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499809,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.129166385724,\n 41.04962213955744\n ],\n [\n -109.129166385724,\n 36.99334376580887\n ],\n [\n -102.04655644997314,\n 36.99334376580887\n ],\n [\n -102.04655644997314,\n 41.04962213955744\n ],\n [\n -109.129166385724,\n 41.04962213955744\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"26","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peitzsch, Erich H. 0000-0001-7624-0455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7624-0455","contributorId":202576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peitzsch","given":"Erich","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, Justin T. 0000-0002-3523-6596","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3523-6596","contributorId":215418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Justin","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Greene, Ethan M.","contributorId":330958,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greene","given":"Ethan","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40054,"text":"Colorado Avalanche Information Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eckert, Nicolas","contributorId":330971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eckert","given":"Nicolas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27334,"text":"Universite Grenoble Alpes","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Favillier, Adrien","contributorId":330970,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Favillier","given":"Adrien","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":66013,"text":"University of Geneva, Switzerland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Konigsberg, Jason","contributorId":330955,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Konigsberg","given":"Jason","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40054,"text":"Colorado Avalanche Information Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kichas, 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Kelly","contributorId":346220,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elder","given":"Kelly","affiliations":[{"id":37389,"text":"U.S. Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Pederson, Gregory T. 0000-0002-6014-1425 gpederson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6014-1425","contributorId":3106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pederson","given":"Gregory","email":"gpederson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70274161,"text":"ofr20261065 - 2026 - Evaluation of pathogen risks and testing considerations for Chinook salmon egg movements between New Zealand and California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-10T15:34:37.991321","indexId":"ofr20261065","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-03T12:16:41","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2026-1065","displayTitle":"Evaluation of Pathogen Risks and Testing Considerations for Chinook Salmon Egg Movements Between New Zealand and California","title":"Evaluation of pathogen risks and testing considerations for Chinook salmon egg movements between New Zealand and California","docAbstract":"Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum in Artedi, 1792; Chinook salmon) were historically abundant in the McCloud River but are now extirpated from this tributary owing to dam construction and lack of passage. Planning efforts to restore populations above Shasta and Keswick Dams are currently underway, including an evaluation of potential source populations. One potential source is New Zealand Chinook salmon, which are believed to have originated from tributaries of the Sacramento River. These fish could be returned to California if reintroduction risks, including risks of pathogen introduction, could be sufficiently mitigated. The U.S. Geological Survey was contracted to provide scientific support for reintroduction efforts, including evaluating the risks of pathogen transmission via the movement of Chinook salmon eggs from New Zealand to the McCloud River. This report estimates pathogen risks associated with egg movement and considers epidemiological and biosecurity measures to minimize these risks.
Pathogen risks associated with the movement of Chinook salmon eggs from New Zealand were evaluated based on pathogen virulence, transmission route, and geographic distribution. These criteria identified 14 moderate- and high-risk pathogens out of the 30 pathogens evaluated. Pathogen species and strains were considered high risk if they have the potential for vertical transmission (that is, transmission from parent to offspring), are moderately or highly virulent, and are exotic to the Sacramento River Basin. According to these criteria, we identified the following pathogens as high risk:
Strategic use of testing and biosecurity measures can minimize pathogen risks associated with the movement of eggs. The most effective measures include iodophor treatment of eggs to remove external pathogens, testing of all the adult fish from which gametes are obtained, and a quarantine period after transport to confirm pathogen testing results. Additional measures to enhance biosecurity could include testing the quarantined fish following emergence and (or) developing a fish health history of the source population through pathogen monitoring.
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\"}}]}","contact":"Director, Western Fisheries Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5501-A Cook Underwood Road
Cook, Washington 98605-9717
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Water Institute","usgsCitation":"Dalyander, P.S., Xiao, X., Seekamp, E., Li, P., and Eaton, M.J., 2026, Cape Lookout National Seashore storm characterization: Evaluation in support of cultural resource management, 27 p.","productDescription":"27 p.","ipdsId":"IP-181275","costCenters":[{"id":40926,"text":"Southeast Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501857,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":501810,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://thewaterinstitute.org/projects/cape-lookout-national-seashore-storm-characterization","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Cape Lookout","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.99242924616327,\n 35.05134266043174\n ],\n [\n -76.10399622164896,\n 35.11325759548755\n ],\n [\n -76.47203900284832,\n 35.11430659612638\n ],\n [\n -76.73107956662045,\n 34.685195082493905\n ],\n [\n -76.52718130107748,\n 34.48248588367157\n ],\n [\n -75.99242924616327,\n 35.05134266043174\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dalyander, P. Soupy","contributorId":369006,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dalyander","given":"P.","middleInitial":"Soupy","affiliations":[{"id":81504,"text":"The Water Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xiao, Xiao","contributorId":212835,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xiao","given":"Xiao","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13595,"text":"NCSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seekamp, Erin","contributorId":304438,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seekamp","given":"Erin","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Li, Peizhe","contributorId":369007,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Peizhe","affiliations":[{"id":6607,"text":"Arizona State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Eaton, Mitchell J. 0000-0001-7324-6333","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7324-6333","contributorId":213526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eaton","given":"Mitchell","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70275155,"text":"70275155 - 2026 - The USGS Rotating X-ray Computed Tomography (RXCT) Coral-Core Archive: Scope, access, and standardization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-17T16:33:05.749848","indexId":"70275155","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-03T08:55:41","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2380,"text":"Journal of Marine Science and Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The USGS Rotating X-ray Computed Tomography (RXCT) Coral-Core Archive: Scope, access, and standardization","docAbstract":"We announce the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Rotating X-ray Computed Tomography (RXCT) Coral-Core Archive, a digital resource derived from ~400 coral reef cores curated at the USGS Pacific and St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Centers. The archive de-livers calibrated 3-D image volumes that enable reproducible values of skeletal density, linear extension, and calcification from decadal-to-centennials scale records of coral growth and bioerosion. Cross-study comparability within the archive is supported by a unified RXCT workflow that minimizes imaging artifacts. This includes rejecting im-age-intensity–density regressions with r² < 0.95, back-calculating standard densities to verify a ±10% target precision, and confirming that band-averaged density values fall within published species- and site-specific ranges. Given global coral-reef decline and the rarity of physical archives, we release data under FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interopera-ble, Reusable) principles. Calibrated imagery and scan metadata are distributed through CoralCache/CoralCT for analysis (DeCarlo et al., 2025), while core locations and collection metadata are published through the USGS Geologic Core and Sample Database (DOI: 10.5066/F7319TR3) with links to CT slice imagery in a USGS ScienceBase repository (DOI: 10.5066/P139Y9H4). This archive provides a powerful dataset for evaluating environ-mental controls on coral growth, establishing restoration baselines, and improving coastal-hazard assessments in the face of global coral-reef declines.","language":"English","publisher":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)","doi":"10.3390/jmse14050490","usgsCitation":"Oberle, F.K., Toth, L.T., Prouty, N.G., Santos, B., Jacobs, J.A., Bloomer, S., Bagheri, K., Williams, B., Padgett, J.S., Stathakopoulos, A., and La Selle, S., 2026, The USGS Rotating X-ray Computed Tomography (RXCT) Coral-Core Archive: Scope, access, and standardization: Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, v. 14, no. 5, 490, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse14050490.","productDescription":"490, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-185932","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":503432,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse14050490","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":503215,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"American Somoa, Guam, Florida, Hawaii, U.S. Virgin Islands","volume":"14","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oberle, Ferdinand K.J. 0000-0001-8871-3619","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8871-3619","contributorId":219183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oberle","given":"Ferdinand","middleInitial":"K.J.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Toth, Lauren T. 0000-0002-2568-802X ltoth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2568-802X","contributorId":181748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toth","given":"Lauren","email":"ltoth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prouty, Nancy G. 0000-0002-8922-0688 nprouty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8922-0688","contributorId":215720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prouty","given":"Nancy","email":"nprouty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Santos, Brooke","contributorId":370135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Santos","given":"Brooke","affiliations":[{"id":87972,"text":"formerly contracted to USGS Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":959747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jacobs, Jessica A. 0000-0001-5611-2093","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5611-2093","contributorId":333551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobs","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bloomer, Sierra Kathleen 0009-0005-1742-6221","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1742-6221","contributorId":359409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bloomer","given":"Sierra Kathleen","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bagheri, Kian 0000-0002-7639-6297","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7639-6297","contributorId":370136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bagheri","given":"Kian","affiliations":[{"id":87972,"text":"formerly contracted to USGS Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":959719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Williams, Breanna N 0000-0002-6137-4730","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6137-4730","contributorId":294385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Breanna N","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Padgett, Jason Scott 0000-0003-1157-8716","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1157-8716","contributorId":294391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Padgett","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Stathakopoulos, Anastasios 0000-0002-4404-035X astathakopoulos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4404-035X","contributorId":147744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stathakopoulos","given":"Anastasios","email":"astathakopoulos@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"La Selle, SeanPaul 0000-0002-4500-7885 slaselle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4500-7885","contributorId":181565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"La Selle","given":"SeanPaul","email":"slaselle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70274545,"text":"70274545 - 2026 - Glaciers in Alaska and western North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-01T13:32:23.95345","indexId":"70274545","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-03T08:47:54","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"1.13","title":"Glaciers in Alaska and western North America","docAbstract":"Igneous activity, including shallow intrusions and volcanism, has the potential to disrupt underground critical infrastructure. Notably, future underground infrastructure projects like high-level radioactive waste repositories must be sited in areas of extremely low disruption probability by igneous activity. In Germany, according to the Repository Site Selection Act of 2017 (Standortauswahlgesetz, or StandAG), areas in which Quaternary volcanism is either present or future volcanic activity is expected within the next 1 million years (m.y.) must be excluded from the site selection process. Although the locations of regions with Quaternary volcanism are reasonably well known in Germany, forecasting potential igneous activity at intraplate volcanic fields is challenging, as many processes and their interactions control the spatial distribution of volcanic centers. Here, a semi-quantitative, multi-criteria approach is proposed for a regional evaluation of the relative potential of future igneous activity in Germany. A variety of geoscientific indicators are used, including seismic anomalies in Earth’s mantle, gravity data, tectonic activity, sutures, ground motion, earthquakes, mantle degassing centers, and geochronological data of volcanic rocks. The indicators describe the sequence of processes from potential melt generation in Earth’s mantle, through ascent and accumulation of melt within the lithosphere, to eruption at Earth’s surface. In total, 15 out of 30 proposed geoscientific indicators are selected and quantified using 20 total assigned parameters. Defined threshold values are used to spatially delimit relevant parameter properties to focus on areas with higher potential of future magmatic activity. To consider uncertainties of parameters and their underlying processes, which are usually more spatially extensive below ground, buffer zones are defined in which values of relevance decrease with increasing distance from the initial lateral shape of a parameter. Normalized parameters are combined into an index, whose spatial value distribution is used to differentiate the relative potential of future igneous activity (within the next 1 m.y.). The sensitivity of the results is shown by varying the weighting factors for the relevant parameters in country-wide index maps. Thereby, profiles illustrate the distribution of the resulting index values and respective index fractions of various parameters. Different index maps for the relative potential of future igneous activity are presented and can be used for hazard assessments.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1890C","usgsCitation":"Bartels, A., Rummel, L., and May, F., 2026, Forecasting igneous activity in Germany—A multi-criteria approach, chap. C of Poland, M.P., Ort, M.H., Stovall, W.K., Vaughan, R.G., Connor, C.B., and Rumpf, M.E., eds., Distributed volcanism—Characteristics, processes, and hazards: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1890, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1890C.","productDescription":"iv, 42 p.","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-154535","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500698,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1890/c/images"},{"id":500696,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/pp1890C/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"Professional Paper 1890-C HTML"},{"id":500695,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1890/c/pp1890C.pdf","text":"Report","size":"22.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Professional Paper 1890-C PDF"},{"id":500694,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1890/c/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":500697,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1890/c/pp1890C.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"Professional Paper 1890-C XML"}],"country":"Germany","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[9.92191,54.9831],[9.93958,54.59664],[10.95011,54.36361],[10.93947,54.00869],[11.95625,54.19649],[12.51844,54.47037],[13.64747,54.07551],[14.11969,53.75703],[14.35332,53.24817],[14.07452,52.98126],[14.4376,52.62485],[14.68503,52.08995],[14.6071,51.74519],[15.017,51.10667],[14.57072,51.00234],[14.30701,51.11727],[14.05623,50.92692],[13.33813,50.73323],[12.96684,50.48408],[12.24011,50.26634],[12.41519,49.96912],[12.52102,49.54742],[13.03133,49.30707],[13.59595,48.87717],[13.24336,48.41611],[12.8841,48.28915],[13.02585,47.63758],[12.93263,47.46765],[12.62076,47.67239],[12.14136,47.70308],[11.42641,47.52377],[10.5445,47.5664],[10.40208,47.30249],[9.89607,47.5802],[9.59423,47.52506],[8.52261,47.83083],[8.3173,47.61358],[7.46676,47.62058],[7.59368,48.33302],[8.09928,49.01778],[6.65823,49.20196],[6.18632,49.4638],[6.24275,49.90223],[6.04307,50.12805],[6.15666,50.80372],[5.98866,51.85162],[6.5894,51.85203],[6.84287,52.22844],[7.09205,53.14404],[6.90514,53.48216],[7.10042,53.69393],[7.93624,53.7483],[8.12171,53.52779],[8.80073,54.02079],[8.57212,54.39565],[8.52623,54.96274],[9.28205,54.83087],[9.92191,54.9831]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Germany\"}}]}","contact":"Director, Volcano Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4230 University Drive
Anchorage, AK 99508
This report presents the results of a cooperative study by the U.S. Geological Survey and Missouri Department of Natural Resources to quantify sediment transport source contributions in the Medicine Creek drainage basin. Understanding relative source contributions provides valuable information for selecting the conservation practices that may be most effective in reducing sediment and sediment-associated nutrient transport in the Medicine Creek drainage basin and similar areas of the Lower Grand River drainage basin. Sediment samples were collected from potential contributing areas (source samples) and from fluvial-transported samples (target samples). Source sample types included streambanks, row crop fields, and a combined pastures and forests category. Samples were analyzed for particle size and quantity of carbon, nitrogen, stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen, and 49 mineral elements as potential tracers. Results for the carbon stable isotope ratio of carbon-13/carbon-12 (δ13C) and concentrations of total carbon, total nitrogen, calcium, potassium, and copper were selected by discriminant function analysis as the best combination of multiple tracers to differentiate each source type. The discriminant function analysis poorly differentiated pastures and forests, so these source types were combined. The sources defined by the discriminant function analysis were then used in an unmixing model to apportion sources for each target sample.
In the study area, transported sediment was predominantly bank sediment, with an overall average of 86.9 percent of suspended-sediment samples and depositional streambed samples attributed to bank material. Suspended-sediment samples from the mainstem of Medicine Creek were dominated by bank sediments (average of 95.8 percent), and depositional streambed samples from throughout the drainage basin had more variable source contributions with an average of 71.1 percent attributed to bank material. The relative importance of upland sources (row crop fields and the combined pastures and forests category) varied seasonally and with streamflow but was not related to land use or drainage basin size. Relative contributions from upland sources were greater in the summer through winter rather than spring and during lower streamflow, though this may be driven by the seasonality of streamflow. These results indicate management practices that reduce bank erosion could be effective strategies for managing the dominant source of sediment and sediment-associated phosphorus.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20265121","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Missouri Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Garrett, J.D., 2026, Stream sediment sources in Medicine Creek, northern Missouri and southern Iowa: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2026–5121, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20265121.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 11 p.; Data Release; Dataset","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-164057","costCenters":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501166,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_119303.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":500681,"rank":7,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS National Water Information System database","linkHelpText":"- USGS water data for the Nation"},{"id":500680,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13EN5TA","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Chemical and physical data for sediment source and fluvial target samples for fingerprinting of suspended and bed sediment in Medicine Creek, Missouri and Iowa"},{"id":500679,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20265121/full"},{"id":500678,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5121/images/"},{"id":500677,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5121/sir20265121.XML"},{"id":500676,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5121/sir20265121.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2026-5121"},{"id":500675,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5121/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Medicine Creek drainage basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.1667,\n 40.75\n ],\n [\n -93.5,\n 40.75\n ],\n [\n -93.5,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -93.1667,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -93.1667,\n 40.75\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
400 South Clinton Street, Suite 269
Iowa City, IA 52240
Antimicrobial resistance can be an indicator of anthropogenic contamination in surface waters and is a potential public health threat. Methodological standardization for characterization of antimicrobial resistance in the environment is lacking. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) is used for rapid assessment of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from environmental sources, including surface water. Here we describe the validation and application of a qPCR assay for 47 bacterial gene targets intended for surface water samples. The qPCR assay displayed excellent sensitivity (97.66%) and specificity (98.71%) for detecting ARGs when compared to whole genome sequencing of bacterial isolates. The qPCR assay was able to detect up to 6/8 (75.0%) of ARGs spiked into sterile water at varying concentrations and four sample ultrafiltration volumes. Nineteen different ARGs were detected across six samples sites at three national parks in Alaska using ultrafiltered surface water samples. The number of unique ARGs detected was higher at sites within parks with greater visitation. The relative abundance of ARGs/16S from Exit Creek in Kenai Fjords National Park, downstream from a visitor center was greater than all other sampled sites. We have demonstrated a robust qPCR assay for monitoring ARGs in surface waters, including those that are minimally human impacted.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41598-026-35635-x","usgsCitation":"Scott, L.C., Ahlstrom, C., Woksepp, H., Bonnedahl, J., Mckeeman, C.M., Miller, M.E., Shirokauer, D., and Ramey, A.M., 2026, Validation and application of a standardized quantitative PCR assay for the assessment of antimicrobial resistance genes in surface water: Scientific Reports, v. 16, 11597, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-35635-x.","productDescription":"11597, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-172114","costCenters":[{"id":65299,"text":"Alaska Science Center Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":503518,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.99719849243888,\n 64.323291045561\n ],\n [\n -139.26423702947662,\n 64.323291045561\n ],\n [\n -139.26423702947662,\n 58.766526235513254\n ],\n [\n -155.99719849243888,\n 58.766526235513254\n ],\n [\n -155.99719849243888,\n 64.323291045561\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, Laura Celeste 0000-0003-0303-5340","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0303-5340","contributorId":306143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"Celeste","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ahlstrom, Christina 0000-0001-5414-8076","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5414-8076","contributorId":214540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahlstrom","given":"Christina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woksepp, Hanna","contributorId":207263,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woksepp","given":"Hanna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":960235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bonnedahl, Jonas","contributorId":181800,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bonnedahl","given":"Jonas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":960236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mckeeman, Cherie Marie 0000-0001-9868-2502","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9868-2502","contributorId":334651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mckeeman","given":"Cherie","email":"","middleInitial":"Marie","affiliations":[{"id":65299,"text":"Alaska Science Center Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Miller, Mark E.","contributorId":367864,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Mark","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":87633,"text":"NPS Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Shirokauer, Dave","contributorId":353626,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shirokauer","given":"Dave","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":960239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ramey, Andrew M. 0000-0002-3601-8400 aramey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-8400","contributorId":1872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Andrew","email":"aramey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70274656,"text":"70274656 - 2026 - Detection of Naegleria fowleri in thermally impacted recreational waters of western United States national parks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-02T15:33:42.37614","indexId":"70274656","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-02T10:21:18","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10742,"text":"ACS ES&T Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Detection of Naegleria fowleri in thermally impacted recreational waters of western United States national parks","title":"Detection of Naegleria fowleri in thermally impacted recreational waters of western United States national parks","docAbstract":"Naegleria fowleri is a thermophilic free-living amoeba (FLA) and the causative agent of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis, posing public health risks in warm freshwater environments. This multiyear, multiagency study surveyed 40 thermally impacted recreational waters across five western United States national parks and recreation areas–Yellowstone National Park, Grand Teton National Park, Olympic National Park, Newberry National Volcanic Monument, and Lake Mead National Recreation Area–to assess N. fowleri presence, concentration, and associated environmental conditions. A total of 185 water samples were analyzed by qPCR and Sanger sequencing, revealing widespread detection of N. fowleri in 34% of samples with positive detections from Lake Mead, Yellowstone, and Grand Teton hot springs and thermally impacted waters, with concentrations ranging from 4.9 to 115.7 cells/L. Multiple codetections of N. fowleri with nonpathogenic species including Naegleria australiensis were identified, suggesting they may inhabit similar ecological niches in the natural systems in contrast to engineered systems. These findings indicate that N. fowleri is present in thermally impacted areas across the western United States and underscore the use of enhanced monitoring, public awareness, and risk management strategies in thermally influenced recreational waters.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.5c01243","usgsCitation":"Shikany, J.I., Banks, M.M., Barnhart, E.P., Kinsey, S., Wright, P.R., Kageyama, S.A., Merkes, C.M., Kulesza, N., Wylie, J., Halonen, S., Ortega-Villa, A.M., Long, C.M., Peyton, B.M., and Puzon, G., 2026, Detection of Naegleria fowleri in thermally impacted recreational waters of western United States national parks: ACS ES&T Water, v. 6, no. 3, p. 1704-1715, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.5c01243.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1704","endPage":"1715","ipdsId":"IP-184597","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502067,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.5c01243","text":"Publisher Index 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Carrie M.","contributorId":369192,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Long","given":"Carrie","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":87735,"text":"Laboratory of Bacteriology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Peyton, Brent M.","contributorId":369193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peyton","given":"Brent","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":87731,"text":"Center for Biofilm Engineering, Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, Montana State University, 366 Barnard Hall, Bozeman, Montana, United States","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Puzon, 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remove individuals from the invaded environment. Thus, maximizing capture potential is of high interest, particularly for species that are difficult to capture. For invasive species such as the Argentine black and white tegu lizard (Salvator merianae), increasing attraction to traps could increase the probability of removal. While it has been established that S. merianae can be lured with a single chicken egg, the efficacy of increasing olfactory or visual cues to increase tegu captures has not been rigorously tested. To test this, we leveraged an ongoing National Park Service trapping effort near Everglades National Park. In 2023 and 2024, we randomly assigned traps to a control treatment (single real egg), increased olfactory and visual treatment (three real eggs), an increased visual plus standard olfactory treatment (one real egg and one decoy egg, or one real egg and two decoy eggs), or visual treatment only (three decoy eggs). We fitted Bayesian binomial models for tegu lizards and non-target species to the trapping data to assess how bait treatment, trap style, and trap location affected the daily probability of capture at a trap. Additionally, we fitted Bayesian linear models to test the effect of bait treatment on the size of tegus captured. We found that increasing the olfactory cue to three real eggs increased the probability of tegu capture, but not the probability of non-target species capture. Conversely, traps with one real egg and two decoy eggs increased the probability of non-target captures while reducing the probability of tegu captures. Trap style and trap location also had statistically significant effects. Bait treatment did not significantly influence the size of tegus captured; however, there was a weak effect suggesting juvenile and male tegus captured in traps with three real eggs were larger compared to traps with a single egg and two decoy eggs. Our results highlight potential improvements in tegu control methods that balance effective capture with minimizing non-target bycatch.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/famrs.2026.1758585","usgsCitation":"Kissel, A.M., Donmoyer, K.L., Sandfoss, M.R., Howard, J.C., Romagosa, C.M., and Yackel Adams, A.A., 2026, Efficacy of increased visual and olfactory cues for luring and trapping invasive tegu lizards: Frontiers in Amphibian and Reptile Science, v. 4, 1758585, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/famrs.2026.1758585.","productDescription":"1758585, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-183287","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501599,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/famrs.2026.1758585","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":501498,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades National Park, Southern Glades and Frog Pond Wildlife areas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.72257615830546,\n 25.470240548699877\n ],\n [\n -80.72257615830546,\n 25.321246280361024\n ],\n [\n -80.52864489446742,\n 25.321246280361024\n ],\n [\n -80.52864489446742,\n 25.470240548699877\n ],\n [\n -80.72257615830546,\n 25.470240548699877\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kissel, Amanda Marie 0000-0002-6346-7455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6346-7455","contributorId":334356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kissel","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"Marie","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Donmoyer, Kevin L.","contributorId":150242,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Donmoyer","given":"Kevin","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":17944,"text":"University of Hawaii, Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sandfoss, Mark Robert 0000-0002-0162-7265","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0162-7265","contributorId":328884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandfoss","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Howard, James C.","contributorId":178546,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Howard","given":"James","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":54672,"text":"National Park Service, Everglades National Park, 40001 SR 9336, Homestead, Florida 33034, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Romagosa, Christina M.","contributorId":316356,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Romagosa","given":"Christina","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Yackel Adams, Amy A. 0000-0002-7044-8447 yackela@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7044-8447","contributorId":3116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackel Adams","given":"Amy","email":"yackela@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70274499,"text":"70274499 - 2026 - Brewing change in the (glacier) percolation zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-27T17:10:12.038922","indexId":"70274499","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-01T12:09:12","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":691,"text":"Alaska Park Science","printIssn":"1545- 496","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Brewing change in the (glacier) percolation zone","docAbstract":"Alaska's glaciers are losing mass at the fastest rate of any region globally, significantly affecting both the volume and distribution of water across the landscape. Though glaciers in the Alaska region (as defined by glaciologists this includes both Alaska and portions of adjacent Canada) range from sea level to nearly 6200 m (20,320 ft), the majority of glacier area in the Alaska region is concentrated between 900 and 2100 m (2950 to 6890 ft). Long term glacier monitoring in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Benchmark Glacier Project is on moderate-sized glaciers with distributions of glacier area in this elevation range. These are some of the longest in-situ records of glacier mass change in the world. The process-based understanding of glacier change on those “Benchmark Glaciers” is robust, but it is limited to the range of conditions present on those particular glaciers—at moderate elevations—where large amounts of melt water and rain pass through the glacier and into the downstream ecosystem on an annual basis.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. National Park Sevice","usgsCitation":"Sass, L., McNeil, C., Baker, E.A., Frederick, Z.A., and Loso, M., 2026, Brewing change in the (glacier) percolation zone: Alaska Park Science, v. 24, no. 1, p. 2-15.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2","endPage":"15","ipdsId":"IP-182134","costCenters":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501727,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":501707,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/Reference/Profile/2317596"}],"country":"United 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The complexities of flooding and channel change are compounded by the changing sediment and flow regime from a changing climate and\nshrinking glaciers, which will continue to drive dynamic riverine change. Streamflow data and\ngeomorphic interpretation helped us place these events in context to inform decision making that\ntakes dynamic natural processes into account.","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Curran, J.H., 2026, Understanding flooding and channel dynamics along the Taiya River: Providing context for resource management: Alaska Park Science, v. 24, no. 1, p. 26-35.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"26","endPage":"35","ipdsId":"IP-182307","costCenters":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501726,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":501705,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/Reference/Profile/2317596"}],"country":"United Statesq","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Taiya River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -135.40358674059615,\n 59.43440777292025\n ],\n [\n -135.16293100255444,\n 59.465315065891104\n ],\n [\n -135.17678488217464,\n 59.63505469200757\n ],\n [\n -135.48037695028358,\n 59.796116294791744\n ],\n [\n -135.80292468090636,\n 59.69771870037559\n ],\n [\n -135.45205191120436,\n 59.41808754397522\n ],\n [\n -135.40358674059615,\n 59.43440777292025\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Curran, Janet H. 0000-0002-3899-6275 jcurran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3899-6275","contributorId":690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curran","given":"Janet","email":"jcurran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70274503,"text":"70274503 - 2026 - Exploring how Dolly Varden in Arctic streams respond to changes from permafrost thaw","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-27T17:01:05.217085","indexId":"70274503","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-01T11:58:11","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":691,"text":"Alaska Park Science","printIssn":"1545- 496","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Exploring how Dolly Varden in Arctic streams respond to changes from permafrost thaw","docAbstract":"The influence of permafrost thaw on aquatic ecosystems is complex. 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","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Carey, M.P., O’Donnell, J.A., Koch, J.C., Hill, K., and Poulin, B., 2026, Exploring how Dolly Varden in Arctic streams respond to changes from permafrost thaw: Alaska Park Science, v. 24, no. 1, p. 64-71.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"64","endPage":"71","ipdsId":"IP-182822","costCenters":[{"id":65299,"text":"Alaska Science Center Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501724,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":501709,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/Reference/Profile/2317596"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"24","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carey, Michael P. 0000-0002-3327-8995 mcarey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3327-8995","contributorId":5397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carey","given":"Michael","email":"mcarey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Donnell, Jonathan A. 0000-0001-7031-9808","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7031-9808","contributorId":191423,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Donnell","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":958028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koch, Joshua C. 0000-0001-7180-6982 jkoch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7180-6982","contributorId":202532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koch","given":"Joshua","email":"jkoch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hill, Kenneth","contributorId":244049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hill","given":"Kenneth","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Poulin, Brett 0000-0002-5555-7733","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5555-7733","contributorId":260893,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poulin","given":"Brett","affiliations":[{"id":52706,"text":"Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70274550,"text":"70274550 - 2026 - Diverse novel and avian-associated viruses in the ileal viromes of northern mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-02T13:42:58.219884","indexId":"70274550","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-01T10:51:22","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":892,"text":"Archives of Virology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Diverse novel and avian-associated viruses in the ileal viromes of northern mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos)","title":"Diverse novel and avian-associated viruses in the ileal viromes of northern mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos)","docAbstract":"Viruses are the most abundant and diverse organisms on Earth, though only a small portion cause disease. Understanding viral diversity is key to understanding and predicting pathogen emergence and zoonotic spillover. Here, we use meta-transcriptomic sequencing to examine the viral communities in the ileum of 25 Northern Mockingbirds (Mimus polyglottos) from various locations across Texas. We assembled high-quality genomes of 43 viral species (40 species identified to 13 families, one to kingdom, and two to realm), 38 of which were novel. They tentatively represent avian- (n = 3), arthropod- (n = 21), plant- (n = 5) and fungi- (n = 4) associated, or other (n = 10) viruses. The arthropod-associated Dicistroviridae family was the most dominant, comprising known and potentially new species. Of potential epidemiological importance were three novel and avian-associated viruses: members of the families Hepeviridae and Picornaviridae, and a new Matryoshka RNA virus. The Matryoshka RNA virus 8 (MaRNAV-8) is sister to other Matryoshka RNA viruses, and its co-occurrence with haemosporida further supports the nested virus-parasite-vector-vertebrate host relationship of this group of viruses, with potential implications for parasite evolution, fitness and load and vector competence. The Picornaviridae virus is a member of an avian hepatovirus clade, found nested within a clade containing both the mammalian pathogens Hepatovirus A – I and the avian Tremovirus pathogens, suggestive of a newly discovered pathogen of Northern Mockingbird. Although the recovered Hepeviridae virus is of unknown pathology, its family members include the Hepatitis E viruses. With the great diversity and novelty described from ileal viromes, discriminating potential pathogens and commensal microbiota from viruses associated with food items remains challenging. A deeper understanding of virus transmission and the risk of potential zoonosis can be enhanced by tracking viruses through the food web and via inter-specific and predator-prey interactions, particular in areas subject to land-use change, where human-wildlife interactions are increased and the risks from emerging pathogens of veterinary and medical importance are more pronounced.
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This report describes the data collected through two efforts conducted in the Lake County, Colorado, study area: (1) parcel-level rapid wildfire risk assessments performed by trained assessors and (2) homeowner surveys in which respondents provided self-assessments of their parcel-level wildfire risk. This project was undertaken to support Colorado State Forest Service Salida Field Office and Leadville/Lake County Fire-Rescue. The household surveys explored the social dimensions of wildfire, including understanding of wildfire risk, outreach or communication preferences, mitigation and evacuation preparedness activities, and perceptions of community risk reduction strategies. 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T.","contributorId":369103,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shaver","given":"J.","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":87719,"text":"Colorado State Forest Service, Salida Office","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McCann, Dave","contributorId":369104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCann","given":"Dave","affiliations":[{"id":87720,"text":"Leadville/Lake County Fire-Rescue","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Taniguchi, Christine","contributorId":355605,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taniguchi","given":"Christine","affiliations":[{"id":48103,"text":"Wildfire Research (WiRē) Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Meldrum, James R. 0000-0001-5250-3759 jmeldrum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5250-3759","contributorId":195484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meldrum","given":"James","email":"jmeldrum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Barth, Christopher M.","contributorId":369105,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barth","given":"Christopher","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":86132,"text":"U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Washington Office","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wagner, Carolyn","contributorId":240587,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wagner","given":"Carolyn","affiliations":[{"id":48103,"text":"Wildfire Research (WiRē) Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Kuehn, Josh","contributorId":269634,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kuehn","given":"Josh","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56021,"text":"Colorado State Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70275262,"text":"70275262 - 2026 - Adapting wildfire risk assessment for a Tribal landscape: Mount Baldy and the Fort Apache Reservation in Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-24T14:21:10.385613","indexId":"70275262","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-01T09:14:47","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Adapting wildfire risk assessment for a Tribal landscape: Mount Baldy and the Fort Apache Reservation in Arizona","docAbstract":"The White Mountain Apache Tribe of the Fort Apache Reservation in Arizona manages their natural and cultural resources within a perpetually wildfire-risky environment. The Tribe’s values also extend beyond those of typical risk assessments to include the importance of cultural activities and sites, various recreational and revenue values, and culturally significant species.
We worked with the Tribe to characterize a sample of these values and adapt them for use in a widely used risk assessment framework as part of an ongoing effort to improve wildfire mitigation and management with Tribes.
We used a three-factor experimental design to conduct a sensitivity analysis related to the treatment of values included in the risk assessment. It focused on (1) the inclusion of relative importance or not, (2) the inclusion of relative extent or not, and (3) absolute versus scaled net value change for each value.
Our results demonstrate a pattern of risk related to the values expressed by the Tribe with a focus on the Mount Baldy landscape, but the contributions of individual values to an aggregate measure of risk vary.
Our assessments demonstrate an opportunity to incorporate Tribal values. Different depictions of risk can be used to accommodate diverse perspectives of decision-makers or managers, the values they are considering, and whether or not they are approaching risk in an emergency response or preparedness frame.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10980-026-02302-5","usgsCitation":"Russell, A., Hawbaker, T., Ethelbah-Gatewood, D., Bair, L., Carlson, A.R., Meldrum, J.R., and Munson, S.M., 2026, Adapting wildfire risk assessment for a Tribal landscape: Mount Baldy and the Fort Apache Reservation in Arizona: Landscape Ecology, v. 41, 59, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-026-02302-5.","productDescription":"59, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-180652","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":503511,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Mount Baldy and the Fort Apache Reservation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111,\n 34.75\n ],\n [\n -109,\n 34.75\n ],\n [\n -109,\n 33.25\n ],\n [\n -111,\n 33.25\n ],\n [\n -111,\n 34.75\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"41","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Russell, Aaron Daniel 0000-0003-3980-827X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3980-827X","contributorId":355854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Russell","given":"Aaron Daniel","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hawbaker, Todd 0000-0003-0930-9154 tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-9154","contributorId":222615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawbaker","given":"Todd","email":"tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ethelbah-Gatewood, Doreen","contributorId":370378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ethelbah-Gatewood","given":"Doreen","affiliations":[{"id":88020,"text":"White Mountain Apache Tribe of the Fort Apache Reservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bair, Lucas 0000-0002-9911-3624","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9911-3624","contributorId":248714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bair","given":"Lucas","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Carlson, Amanda Renee 0000-0002-0450-2636","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0450-2636","contributorId":303685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"Renee","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Meldrum, James R. 0000-0001-5250-3759 jmeldrum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5250-3759","contributorId":195484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meldrum","given":"James","email":"jmeldrum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Munson, Seth M. 0000-0002-2736-6374 smunson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2736-6374","contributorId":1334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munson","given":"Seth","email":"smunson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70274591,"text":"70274591 - 2026 - Living with wildfire in Cooper Landing, Kenai Peninsula Borough, Alaska: 2023 data report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-20T15:57:18.893513","indexId":"70274591","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-01T09:06:03","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":72,"text":"Research Note","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"RMRS-RN-112","title":"Living with wildfire in Cooper Landing, Kenai Peninsula Borough, Alaska: 2023 data report","docAbstract":"Homeowner wildfire risk mitigation and preparedness are important components of community wildfire readiness. This report describes the data collected through two efforts conducted in the Cooper Landing, Alaska, study area: (1) parcel-level rapid wildfire risk assessments performed by trained assessors and (2) homeowner surveys in which respondents provided self-assessments of their parcel-level wildfire risk. This project was undertaken to support the Kenai Peninsula Borough Office of Emergency Management and Cooper Landing Emergency Services to inform decisions about wildfire adaptation. The household surveys explored the social dimensions of wildfire, including understanding of wildfire risk, outreach or communication preferences, mitigation and evacuation preparedness activities, and perceptions of community risk reduction strategies. Overall, the study indicated a community that was engaged in preparing for and mitigating the risk of wildfire yet had more that could be done to reduce its risk.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service","doi":"10.2737/RMRS-RN-112","usgsCitation":"Donovan, C., Wittenbrink, S., Brenkert-Smith, H., Kuehn, J., Weekley, T., Champ, P.A., Barth, C.M., Meldrum, J.R., Wagner, C., and Taniguchi, C., 2026, Living with wildfire in Cooper Landing, Kenai Peninsula Borough, Alaska: 2023 data report: Research Note RMRS-RN-112, vi, 145 p., https://doi.org/10.2737/RMRS-RN-112.","productDescription":"vi, 145 p.","ipdsId":"IP-182305","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501920,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Cooper Landing","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -149.90200366089894,\n 60.51850946975759\n ],\n [\n -149.90200366089894,\n 60.45024592856049\n ],\n [\n -149.65238851711945,\n 60.45024592856049\n ],\n [\n -149.65238851711945,\n 60.51850946975759\n ],\n [\n -149.90200366089894,\n 60.51850946975759\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Donovan, Colleen","contributorId":240586,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Donovan","given":"Colleen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48103,"text":"Wildfire Research (WiRē) Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wittenbrink, Suzanne","contributorId":333353,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wittenbrink","given":"Suzanne","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48103,"text":"Wildfire Research (WiRē) Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brenkert-Smith, Hannah 0000-0001-6117-8863","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6117-8863","contributorId":195485,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brenkert-Smith","given":"Hannah","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":958427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kuehn, Josh","contributorId":269634,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kuehn","given":"Josh","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56021,"text":"Colorado State Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Weekley, Tim","contributorId":369086,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weekley","given":"Tim","affiliations":[{"id":87597,"text":"Office of Emergency Management, Kenai Peninsula Borough, Alaska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Champ, Patricia A. 0000-0003-1917-883X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1917-883X","contributorId":360956,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Champ","given":"Patricia","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":86128,"text":"U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Barth, Christopher M.","contributorId":369087,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barth","given":"Christopher","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":86132,"text":"U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Washington Office","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Meldrum, James R. 0000-0001-5250-3759 jmeldrum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5250-3759","contributorId":195484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meldrum","given":"James","email":"jmeldrum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wagner, Carolyn","contributorId":240587,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wagner","given":"Carolyn","affiliations":[{"id":48103,"text":"Wildfire Research (WiRē) Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Taniguchi, Christine","contributorId":355605,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taniguchi","given":"Christine","affiliations":[{"id":48103,"text":"Wildfire Research (WiRē) Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70274628,"text":"70274628 - 2026 - Abandonment of the Upper Devonian Greenland Gap Group and Scherr Formation and revision of the Upper Devonian Brallier and Foreknobs Formations in the central Valley and Ridge Province","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-02T16:08:57.895011","indexId":"70274628","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-01T09:00:45","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3481,"text":"Stratigraphy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Abandonment of the Upper Devonian Greenland Gap Group and Scherr Formation and revision of the Upper Devonian Brallier and Foreknobs Formations in the central Valley and Ridge Province","docAbstract":"This study revises the lithostratigraphic framework of the Upper Devonian interval traditionally assigned to the Greenland Gap Group across the central Appalachian Valley and Ridge Province. The work aims to modernize and standardize lithostratigraphic nomenclature, establish a new reference section and demonstrate how the revised stratigraphy improves edge-matching of 1:24,000 scale geologic maps and supports compilation mapping at scales of 1:100,000 and larger. The revision eliminates the names Greenland Gap Group, Scherr Formation and the Minnehaha Springs Member of the Scherr Formation; reassigns all strata previously designated as Scherr Formation by Dennison (1970) to the upper Brallier Formation; and abandons the basal Mallow Member of the Foreknobs Formation, placing its strata within the upper Brallier as originally defined by Butts (1918).\n\nThe contact between the Brallier and Foreknobs formations is placed at the base of the first mappable, ridge-forming package of fine- to coarse-grained, cross-bedded, sandstone beds, often containing rounded quartz pebbles with minor interbeds of shale and siltstone. This contact may be gradational in places but, even in absence of good exposure, can usually be distinguished topographically in recently produced lidar-derived imagery as having elevated relief due to the presence of more resistant, compositionally mature coarse-grained sandstone-rich strata. Applying this criterion for mapping the contact between the Brallier and Foreknobs formations has resulted in reconciliation of mismatches of geologic contacts along several 7.5-minute quadrangle boundaries in the states of Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland and Pennsylvania. A new reference section at Baker, West Virginia showcases the contacts between the Harrell Shale, Brallier Formation, Foreknobs Formation and Hampshire Formation. A digital outcrop model of the reference section is provided for future preservation.","language":"English","publisher":"Micropaleontology Press","doi":"10.29041/strat.23.1.03","usgsCitation":"Pitts, A.D., and Doctor, D.H., 2026, Abandonment of the Upper Devonian Greenland Gap Group and Scherr Formation and revision of the Upper Devonian Brallier and Foreknobs Formations in the central Valley and Ridge Province: Stratigraphy, v. 23, no. 1, p. 31-44, https://doi.org/10.29041/strat.23.1.03.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"44","ipdsId":"IP-153186","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502010,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.5837839625223,\n 41.90737349195368\n ],\n [\n -80.97986900952827,\n 39.8912761703621\n ],\n [\n -82.00598531940697,\n 38.93662885204664\n ],\n [\n -82.63094418286235,\n 38.26806111836963\n ],\n [\n -82.14502301832408,\n 37.467676901275595\n ],\n [\n -83.57714608050935,\n 36.57298398456588\n ],\n [\n -75.54432999451647,\n 36.46466032532334\n ],\n [\n -75.54432999451647,\n 41.90737349195368\n ],\n [\n -80.5837839625223,\n 41.90737349195368\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pitts, Alan D. 0000-0002-9661-4917","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9661-4917","contributorId":350522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitts","given":"Alan","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doctor, Daniel H. 0000-0002-8338-9722 dhdoctor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8338-9722","contributorId":2037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doctor","given":"Daniel","email":"dhdoctor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}