Assessments of species reintroductions involve a series of complex decisions that include human perspectives and ecological contexts. Here, we present a reintroduction assessment involving bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) using a structured decision-making process. We approached this assessment by engaging partners representing public utilities, government agencies, and Tribes with shared interests in a potential reintroduction. These individuals identified objectives, decision alternatives, and ecological scenarios that were incorporated into a co-produced simulation-based model of potential reintroduction outcomes. The model included mathematical representations of habitat availability, life history expression, and assumptions regarding constraints on potential bull trout populations. Within each recipient stream, partners chose to explore a wide range of decision alternatives and simulated scenarios affecting reintroduction success. Results suggested that 1) reintroductions using eggs or adults were most optimal, 2) adding more individuals resulted in diminishing returns, 3) access to migratory habitat could improve success, and 4) the diversity of opportunities for life history expression led to improved reintroduction opportunities. In addition, modeled scenarios indicated some recipient streams consistently produced lower abundance of reintroduced bull trout. This work contributes a novel example to a growing portfolio of reintroduction assessments that may inform future conservation for bull trout and many other species facing similar challenges.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0323427","usgsCitation":"Benjamin, J.R., Neibauer, J., Anthony, H., Vazquez, J., Rawhouser, A., and Dunham, J., 2025, A partner-driven decision support model to inform the reintroduction of bull trout: PLoS ONE, v. 20, no. 5, e0323427, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0323427.","productDescription":"e0323427, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-172949","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490112,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0323427","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":485650,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Lake Chelan watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.49036241599774,\n 48.04634063295097\n ],\n [\n -120.37067822007936,\n 48.16552254778642\n ],\n [\n -120.75794320314404,\n 48.538515779248854\n ],\n [\n -120.80213597240349,\n 48.5303354671282\n ],\n [\n -121.11319724267128,\n 48.54549059352783\n ],\n [\n -121.18989609066836,\n 48.38742171862049\n ],\n [\n -121.0025710146728,\n 48.255137103181255\n ],\n [\n -120.49036241599774,\n 48.04634063295097\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benjamin, Joseph R. 0000-0003-3733-6838 jbenjamin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3733-6838","contributorId":3999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benjamin","given":"Joseph","email":"jbenjamin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":936553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neibauer, Judith","contributorId":354836,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neibauer","given":"Judith","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":936554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anthony, Hugh","contributorId":354839,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anthony","given":"Hugh","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":936555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vazquez, Jose","contributorId":354841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vazquez","given":"Jose","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":936556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rawhouser, Ashley","contributorId":243429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rawhouser","given":"Ashley","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":936557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dunham, Jason 0000-0002-6268-0633","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6268-0633","contributorId":220078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"Jason","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":936558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70267309,"text":"70267309 - 2025 - Leveraging detection uncertainty to estimate Renibacterium salmoninarum infection status among multiple tissues and assays","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-20T16:55:57.977539","indexId":"70267309","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-08T09:45:45","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Leveraging detection uncertainty to estimate Renibacterium salmoninarum infection status among multiple tissues and assays","docAbstract":"Effective disease surveillance relies on accurate pathogen testing and robust prevalence estimates. Diagnostic specificity (DSp), the probability that an uninfected animal tests negative, is high when false positives are low. Diagnostic sensitivity (DSe) is the probability an infected animal tests positive; higher DSe means fewer false negatives. However, sensitivity and false negatives are harder to estimate without a \"gold standard\", an assay that can detect between 90 - 100% of true positive infections. Occupancy estimation of infection prevalence offers one solution by allowing for imperfect detection of the pathogen. Testing potentially infected tissues multiple times allows for the use of a Bayesian multistate occupancy model to estimate the probability of pathogen infection in tissues [Formula: see text] and detection probabilities [Formula: see text] for different assays. Using [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] from the posterior distribution, the conditional probability of detecting the pathogen can be modeled, allowing for the calculation of DSe. Renibacterium salmoninarum is a bacterial pathogen causing bacterial kidney disease among salmonid species and was the model pathogen we used to train our model. The current testing standard for salmonids combines initial screening for antibodies using direct fluorescent antibody test (DFAT) with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmation to detect R. salmoninarum. However, detection of R. salmoninarum still varies between species, tissues, and assays. Here, a multi-state occupancy model was used to estimate detection probability among individual and dual kidney/liver infections with DFAT and qPCR in fish with an unknown infection status. Both assays produced false negatives, but qPCR had fewer than DFAT and a higher DSe. Infection state was often misclassified, but multiple surveys per individual or combining tissues for testing improved DSe for both assays.
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in reducing bat fatalities at an Ohio wind energy facility","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-29T14:36:03.820212","indexId":"70269669","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-08T09:27:14","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ultrasonic deterrents provide no additional benefit over curtailment in reducing bat fatalities at an Ohio wind energy facility","docAbstract":"Wind energy is important for achieving net-zero greenhouse gas emissions but also contributes to global bat mortality. Current strategies to minimize bat mortality due to collision with wind-turbine blades fall broadly into two categories: curtailment (limiting turbine operation during high-risk periods) and deterrence (discouraging bat activity near turbines). Recently, there has been interest in combining these strategies to achieve greater reductions in bat fatalities than either strategy might achieve in isolation. To investigate the effectiveness of combining curtailment with ultrasonic deterrent minimization strategies, we deployed six ultrasonic deterrents at nacelle height on 16 experimental turbines at Avangrid Renewables’ Blue Creek Wind Energy Facility. We rotated between four conditions (normal operations, curtailment only, deterrent only, curtailment and deterrent) randomly assigned to four wind turbines each night between 15 June and 3 October 2017. We found that bat mortality at wind turbines was independent of wind speed. The effectiveness of ultrasonic acoustic deterrents varied between high-frequency-calling species (eastern red bats) and low-frequency-calling species (hoary bats, silver-haired bats, and big brown bats). When deterrents were active, mortality was twice as high for eastern red bats compared to the control. Conversely, deterrents had a weak dampening effect on bat mortality for low-frequency species. We found no additive effects on mortality reduction for turbines operating both curtailment and deterrents compared to either approach in isolation. Our findings suggest that ultrasonic acoustic deterrents may not be effective for both high and low frequency echolocating bats. The increase in fatalities of eastern red bats is alarming and underscores the importance of considering site- and species-specific effects of minimization solutions.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0318451","usgsCitation":"Clerc, J., Huso, M., Schirmacher, M.R., Whitby, M.D., and Hein, C.D., 2025, Ultrasonic deterrents provide no additional benefit over curtailment in reducing bat fatalities at an Ohio wind energy facility: PLoS ONE, v. 20, no. 5, e0318451, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0318451.","productDescription":"e0318451, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-169209","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":493320,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0318451","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":493094,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","county":"Paulding County, Van Wert County","otherGeospatial":"Blue Creek Wind Energy Facility","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.7984601140799,\n 41.01667721426381\n ],\n [\n -84.79663300607753,\n 40.89732795018247\n ],\n [\n -84.50522800681905,\n 40.89802092865145\n ],\n [\n -84.50431462783759,\n 41.0173716521324\n ],\n [\n -84.7984601140799,\n 41.01667721426381\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clerc, Jeffrey 0000-0002-3331-9507","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3331-9507","contributorId":348189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clerc","given":"Jeffrey","affiliations":[{"id":33782,"text":"National Renewable Energy Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":944346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huso, Manuela 0000-0003-4687-6625 mhuso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-6625","contributorId":223969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huso","given":"Manuela","email":"mhuso@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":944347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schirmacher, Michael R.","contributorId":76635,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schirmacher","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12591,"text":"Bat Conservation International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":944348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Whitby, Michael D. 0000-0002-0694-3830","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0694-3830","contributorId":345180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitby","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":82508,"text":"Bat Conservation International, 500 N Capital of Texas Highway, Austin, TX, 78746 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":944349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hein, Cris D.","contributorId":73910,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hein","given":"Cris","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12591,"text":"Bat Conservation International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":944350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70266492,"text":"70266492 - 2025 - Using long-term ecological datasets to unravel the impacts of short-term meteorological disturbances on phytoplankton communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-08T14:12:51.567682","indexId":"70266492","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-06T09:07:04","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using long-term ecological datasets to unravel the impacts of short-term meteorological disturbances on phytoplankton communities","docAbstract":"Extreme meteorological events such as storms are increasing in frequency and intensity, but our knowledge of their impacts on aquatic ecosystems and emergent system properties is limited. Understanding the ecological impacts of storms on the dynamics of primary producers remains a challenge that needs to be addressed to assess the vulnerability of freshwater ecosystems to extreme weather conditions and climate change.
One promising approach to gain insights into storm impacts on phytoplankton community dynamics is to analyse long-term monitoring datasets. However, such an approach requires disentangling the impacts of short-term meteorological disturbances from the effects of the seasonal trajectories of meteorological conditions. To this end, we applied boosted regression tree models to phytoplankton time series from eight relatively large lakes on four continents, coupled with a procedure adapted to detect and quantify rare events.
Overall, the patterns and potential drivers we identified provide important insights into the responses of lakes to short-term meteorological events and highlight differences in the response of phytoplankton communities according to lake morphological characteristics. Our results indicated that deepened thermoclines and lake-specific combinations of drivers describing altered thermal structures caused deviations from the typical trajectories of seasonal phytoplankton succession. For shallow polymictic lakes, shifts in phytoplankton succession also depended on changes in light availability.
Overall, our study highlights the value of long-term monitoring to improve our understanding of phytoplankton sensitivity to short-term meteorological disturbances.
Flood basalts of the mid-Miocene Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG) cover 210,000 km2 of Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. The source of CRBG melt is debated; widely spaced feeder dike swarms can be projected toward hypothetical sources near the Oregon-Idaho border. In this study, we use anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) to track magma flow in the Monument dike swarm (MDS), the feeder dikes of the Picture Gorge Basalt (PGB). This small formation of the main-phase CRBG eruptions allows us to explore in detail the localized dynamics of a large igneous province feeder system, with implications for the larger CRBG picture. We measured the magnetic fabric of 205 oriented paleomagnetic specimens subsampled from 97 samples collected from 15 dikes of the MDS. Thermal demagnetization and hysteresis loops show that the magnetic minerals are a mixture of single domain and multidomain sized titanomagnetites. At three dikes, the paleodepth of sampling was determined to be shallow (<350 m). Magma flowing through dikes has been shown—in most cases— to acquire an anisotropic magnetic fabric with an AMS ellipsoid minimum axis perpendicular to the wall and maximum axis aligned in the direction of flow. Of 15 dikes, 12 show horizontal flow directions in the plane of the dike. Only one dike displayed imbricated fabrics, showing westward flow away from the Oregon-Idaho border. We conclude that magma flow in the MDS was sub-horizontal from a distal source.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2024GC012078","usgsCitation":"Avery, M.S., and Pivarunas, A.F., 2025, Horizontal transport of Picture Gorge Basalt magma through the Monument Dike Swarm determined by magnetic fabric: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 26, no. 5, e2024GC012078, 15p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GC012078.","productDescription":"e2024GC012078, 15p.","ipdsId":"IP-171767","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490122,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024gc012078","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":485707,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.25,\n 45\n ],\n [\n -120.25,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -118.5,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -118.5,\n 45\n ],\n [\n -120.25,\n 45\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Avery, Margaret Susan 0000-0002-8504-7072","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8504-7072","contributorId":329991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Avery","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"Susan","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":936691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pivarunas, Anthony Francis 0000-0002-0003-2059","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0003-2059","contributorId":301014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pivarunas","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"Francis","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":936692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70266399,"text":"70266399 - 2025 - Rhenium-osmium and oxygen isotope homogeneity during the 2022 Mauna Loa eruption and implications for basaltic magma storage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-06T15:22:14.58738","indexId":"70266399","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-05T10:17:33","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rhenium-osmium and oxygen isotope homogeneity during the 2022 Mauna Loa eruption and implications for basaltic magma storage","docAbstract":"Mauna Loa is one of the largest and most active volcanoes on Earth. The most recent eruption of Mauna Loa started on 27 November 2022, lasted for 13 days, and was preceded by the longest repose time of 38 years in its modern history. In this contribution, new trace- and highly siderophile-element (HSE: Os, Ir, Ru, Pt, Pd, Re) abundances, 187Re-187Os, and 18O/16O data are reported for the 2022 lavas. These lavas have a limited range of MgO (6.2 ± 0.1 wt.%) and Ni (83 ± 2 µg/g), with a broader range of Re (0.3 to 1.3 ng/g) and consistent Os (0.031 to 0.080 ng/g) contents. They have 187Os/188Os ratios (0.1345 to 0.1385) which are, on average, more radiogenic than Mauna Loa picrites (0.1331 to 0.1349) and are similar in composition to more differentiated Mauna Loa tholeiite lavas (0.1340 to 0.1381). The oxygen isotope compositions of glassy samples are 5.35 ± 0.15‰ (n = 13) and span a range in δ18O of + 5.0 to + 5.5‰, with an average composition 0.2 to 0.3‰ lower than MORB. The δD value is − 81 ± 11‰ (n = 5) at very low (0.03 ± 0.015 wt.%) H2O concentrations. The 2022 Mauna Loa eruption is similar in terms of δ18O but contrasts in terms of 187Os/188Os variability, with the recent longer-lived eruptions on La Palma (Canary Islands; 85 days) in 2021 and on the Reykjanes Peninsula (Iceland) that began in 2021 and are still ongoing. Initial lavas were more fractionated for both the Canary Islands and Iceland eruptions, producing more radiogenic Os isotope compositions than later erupted products. The 2022 Mauna Loa eruption showed no such trends. The limited range in isotope compositions of the 2022 Mauna Loa lavas and their strongly fractioned HSE patterns reflect long-term storage, crystal fractionation, and assimilation of related basaltic volcanic edifice materials by the parent magma beneath the volcano prior to eruption triggering. Eruption of differentiated and homogeneous tholeiite lavas at the summit caldera and high on the volcano’s flank, with emplacement of accumulative picrites lower on the volcano, are consistent with neutral buoyancy arguments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s00445-025-01825-0","usgsCitation":"Rhoads, E., Kutyrev, A., Bindeman, I.N., Lynn, K.J., Trusdell, F., Downs, D.T., Edwards, H., Cook, G., and Day, J., 2025, Rhenium-osmium and oxygen isotope homogeneity during the 2022 Mauna Loa eruption and implications for basaltic magma storage: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 87, 38, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-025-01825-0.","productDescription":"38, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-169680","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488129,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-025-01825-0","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":485454,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Mauna Loa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.70545026795776,\n 19.707077790926633\n ],\n [\n -155.70545026795776,\n 19.36043617244789\n ],\n [\n -155.41439917963822,\n 19.36043617244789\n ],\n [\n -155.41439917963822,\n 19.707077790926633\n ],\n [\n -155.70545026795776,\n 19.707077790926633\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"87","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rhoads, Emily A.","contributorId":354537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rhoads","given":"Emily A.","affiliations":[{"id":38264,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kutyrev, Anton","contributorId":354538,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kutyrev","given":"Anton","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bindeman, Ilya N.","contributorId":175500,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bindeman","given":"Ilya","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lynn, Kendra J. 0000-0001-7886-4376","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7886-4376","contributorId":290327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynn","given":"Kendra","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":935831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Trusdell, Frank A. 0000-0002-0681-0528 trusdell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0681-0528","contributorId":754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trusdell","given":"Frank A.","email":"trusdell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":935832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Downs, Drew T. 0000-0002-9056-1404 ddowns@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9056-1404","contributorId":173516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downs","given":"Drew","email":"ddowns@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":935833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Edwards, Hunter R.","contributorId":354541,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Edwards","given":"Hunter R.","affiliations":[{"id":38264,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cook, Geoffrey W.","contributorId":354544,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cook","given":"Geoffrey W.","affiliations":[{"id":38264,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Day, James M.D.","contributorId":354545,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Day","given":"James M.D.","affiliations":[{"id":38264,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70267823,"text":"70267823 - 2025 - Metal fingerprints of Eocene rhyolite magmas coincident with Carlin-type gold deposition in Nevada USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-03T15:34:51.475791","indexId":"70267823","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-04T08:28:53","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5207,"text":"Minerals","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metal fingerprints of Eocene rhyolite magmas coincident with Carlin-type gold deposition in Nevada USA","docAbstract":"Eocene magmatic systems contemporaneous with world-class Carlin-type Au deposits in Nevada (USA) have been proposed by some researchers as a key ingredient for Au mineralization, though evidence conclusively demonstrating their genetic relationship remains tenuous. This study provides the first direct evidence of the pre-eruptive metal budget of volatile- and metal-charged silicic magmas coincident in time (~41 to 34 Ma) and space (within 5 km) with Carlin-type Au deposits. We characterize the pre-eruptive metal fingerprints of these diverse magmatic systems to assess their potential as sources of metals for Carlin-type Au mineralization. Metal abundances from quartz-hosted melt inclusions (Au, Te, Ag, Sb, Tl, Mo, W, Sn, As, Pb, Co, Cu, Ni, and Zn) characterized in situ by SHRIMP-RG and LA-ICP-MS represent our best (and only) estimates for the pre-eruptive metal budget in these systems. Median metal concentrations are generally within one order of magnitude of average upper crust and average continental rhyolite values. But there are two notable exceptions, with median Au contents extending >1 order of magnitude higher than average upper crust and median Cu contents ranging >1 order of magnitude lower than upper crust. Despite this, melts contain lower Au/Cu (<0.1), Au/Ag (<5), and Au/Tl (<0.3) than most ore-grade Carlin-type rock samples and quartz-hosted fluid inclusions, regardless of their age and timing relative to nearby Carlin-type Au mineralization. The metal fingerprints of these magmatic systems, de-fined both by traditional and multivariate compositional data analysis techniques, are distinct from one another. Yet none are particularly specialized, e.g., high Au/Cu, in terms of being ideal ingredients as postulated by magmatic models for Carlin-type Au mineralization. Magmatic Au contents do not appear to be correlated with rhyolite “flavors” in the way that Cu, Sn, and Nb contents are. Fluid/melt partitioning modeling and magma volume estimates support the idea that a diverse array of non-specialized silicic magmas could feasibly contribute some or potentially all of the Au, Ag, and Cu in Carlin-type systems. The compositional diversity among contemporaneous magmatic systems could possibly contribute to some of the diversity observed across Carlin-type Au districts in Nevada.","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/min15050479","usgsCitation":"Mercer, C.N., Babel, H., Mercer, C.M., and Hofstra, A.H., 2025, Metal fingerprints of Eocene rhyolite magmas coincident with Carlin-type gold deposition in Nevada USA: Minerals, v. 15, no. 5, 479, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/min15050479.","productDescription":"479, 29 p.","ipdsId":"IP-170125","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490665,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/min15050479","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":490404,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9UWAW28","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Melt inclusion and mineral geochemical analyses supporting the evaluation of petrogenesis, degassing, and metallogenic potential of mid-Cenozoic rhyolite magmas in northern Nevada, USA (ver. 2.0, March 2025)"},{"id":489471,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"15","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mercer, Celestine N. 0000-0001-8359-4147 cmercer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8359-4147","contributorId":4006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mercer","given":"Celestine","email":"cmercer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":939032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Babel, Hannah R.","contributorId":356285,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Babel","given":"Hannah R.","affiliations":[{"id":40814,"text":"University of Bergen, Norway","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":939033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mercer, Cameron Mark 0000-0003-0534-848X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0534-848X","contributorId":301880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mercer","given":"Cameron","email":"","middleInitial":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":939034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hofstra, Albert H. 0000-0002-2450-1593 ahofstra@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2450-1593","contributorId":1302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofstra","given":"Albert","email":"ahofstra@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":939035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70266346,"text":"70266346 - 2025 - One-hundred fundamental, open questions to integrate methodological approaches in lake ice research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-05T14:19:08.992831","indexId":"70266346","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-03T09:11:56","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"One-hundred fundamental, open questions to integrate methodological approaches in lake ice research","docAbstract":"The rate of technological innovation within aquatic sciences outpaces the collective ability of individual scientists within the field to make appropriate use of those technologies. The process of in situ lake sampling remains the primary choice to comprehensively understand an aquatic ecosystem at local scales; however, the impact of climate change on lakes necessitates the rapid advancement of understanding and the incorporation of lakes on both landscape and global scales. Three fields driving innovation within winter limnology that we address here are autonomous real-time in situ monitoring, remote sensing, and modeling. The recent progress in low-power in situ sensing and data telemetry allows continuous tracing of under-ice processes in selected lakes as well as the development of global lake observational networks. Remote sensing offers consistent monitoring of numerous systems, allowing limnologists to ask certain questions across large scales. Models are advancing and historically come in different types (process-based or statistical data-driven), with the recent technological advancements and integration of machine learning and hybrid process-based/statistical models. Lake ice modeling enhances our understanding of lake dynamics and allows for projections under future climate warming scenarios. To encourage the merging of technological innovation within limnological research of the less-studied winter period, we have accumulated both essential details on the history and uses of contemporary sampling, remote sensing, and modeling techniques. We crafted 100 questions in the field of winter limnology that aim to facilitate the cross-pollination of intensive and extensive modes of study to broaden knowledge of the winter period.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2024WR039042","usgsCitation":"Culpepper, J., Sharma, S., Gunn, G., Magee, M., Meyer, M.F., Anderson, E., Arp, C.D., Cooley, S., Dolan, W., Dugan, H., Duguay, C.R., Jones, B.C., Kirillin, G., Ladwig, R., Lepparanta, M., Long, D., Magnuson, J.J., Pavelsky, T., Piccolroaz, S., Robertson, D., Steele, B., Tom, M., Weyhenmeyer, G.A., Woolway, R., Xenopoulos, M., and Yang, X., 2025, One-hundred fundamental, open questions to integrate methodological approaches in lake ice research: Water Resources Research, v. 616, no. 5, e2024WR039042, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2024WR039042.","productDescription":"e2024WR039042, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-157843","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487946,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024wr039042","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":485373,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"616","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Culpepper, Joshua","contributorId":244067,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Culpepper","given":"Joshua","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37455,"text":"University of Nevada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sharma, Sapna","contributorId":150332,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sharma","given":"Sapna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16184,"text":"York 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Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A.","contributorId":150314,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weyhenmeyer","given":"Gesa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17988,"text":"Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Woolway, R. Iesytn","contributorId":354452,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woolway","given":"R. 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Explosive phases were followed by around 5 years of lava dome extrusion and collapse which produced block-and-ash flows (BAF). Lava domes generate crystalline silica in the form of cristobalite, and rhyolitic magmas often contain quartz phenocrysts. Fine-grained ash containing crystalline silica can be formed through dome collapses or explosions, generating a respiratory health hazard for communities affected by ashfall. The aims of this study are to: i) determine whether the Kaharoa eruption dome-forming phase generated substantial quantities of crystalline silica and, therefore, to determine the potential for future dome-forming eruptions of Tarawera to do the same; ii) consider the potential hazard of the crystalline silica by studying the crystal habit and chemistry compared to other lava domes, globally; and iii) assess the particle size and crystalline silica content of the Kaharoa ash, to inform a respiratory hazard assessment.
Five co-BAF ash samples and one co-ignimbrite (explosive) ash sample from the Kaharoa pyroclastic deposits were analysed for health-pertinent factors: particle size distribution and crystalline silica content. Eight dome-rock samples were collected from the dome complex and associated BAF deposits and groundmass texture (especially forms of crystalline silica) and quantity of crystalline silica were assessed.
Cristobalite was present in the 4 ash samples analysed by X-ray diffraction (XRD; 1.3–3.7 wt%) as was quartz (5.7–12.5 wt%). For the 4 dome samples analysed by XRD, all samples contained quartz (4.1–10.4 wt%) and two contained significant quantities of cristobalite (24.7 and 27.3 wt%). Of the two dome samples with minimal cristobalite (visible as individual vapour-phase crystals by SEM but not quantifiable by XRD), one was from the non-devitrified dome carapace and the other was from the compacted interior but had not undergone devitrification. The two dome samples with substantial cristobalite were from dome interiors and were highly devitrified, with well-developed spherulitic textures. Using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, cristobalite in all samples contained minor aluminium, as has been seen for volcanic cristobalite from other lava domes, which may ameliorate its toxicity. By laser diffraction, the quantities of ash in the health pertinent size fractions varied, with a range of 1.3–8.1 vol% for particles of <4 μm diameter and 1.7–15.6 vol% for particles of <10 μm diameter, which is lower than measured in ash from large-scale dome collapse events at other volcanoes.
The findings suggest a potential for substantial crystalline silica to be formed in future Kaharoa-style eruptions, but that cristobalite generation is site-specific, depending on location within the dome and whether the dome remains sufficiently hot for spherulite formation and glass devitrification. Respiratory hazard will therefore vary depending on the collapse of (or explosions through) individual lobes – although all lava is expected to contain quartz phenocrysts – as well as the size and energy of those collapses, which will influence particle size and quantity of ash generated and dispersed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2025.108309","usgsCitation":"Horwell, C.J., Emerson, H., Ashwell, P., Damby, D., Self, S., Nattrass, C., Carey, R.J., and Houghton, B.F., 2025, The crystalline silica respiratory hazard from rhyolitic lava dome eruptions in New Zealand's Taupo Volcanic Zone: A case study from the 1315 CE Kaharoa eruption: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 461, 108309, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2025.108309.","productDescription":"108309, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-152512","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488322,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2025.108309","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":483453,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"New Zealand","otherGeospatial":"Taupo Volcanic Zone","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 176.70799106633058,\n -37.79006097330997\n ],\n [\n 176.21360630070666,\n -37.64244713442115\n ],\n [\n 175.34568637882887,\n -39.06383193710557\n ],\n [\n 175.9279617694528,\n -39.310840734025355\n ],\n [\n 176.49925083195268,\n -38.49277283069831\n ],\n [\n 176.70799106633058,\n -37.79006097330997\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"461","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horwell, Claire J.","contributorId":177455,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horwell","given":"Claire","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16770,"text":"Dept. 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The Rumford pegmatite district surrounding Plumbago Mountain, western Maine, is host to numerous spodumene pegmatites, including the Plumbago North pegmatite (a world-class spodumene resource). Competing petrogenetic models for these spodumene pegmatites include (1) highly fractionated melts of the Mooselookmeguntic igneous complex and (2) anatexis. We tested these hypotheses by constraining the geologic, magmatic, metamorphic, and tectonic history of the Plumbago Mountain area with detailed geologic mapping and U-(Th)-Pb geochronology. The Silurian Rangeley Formation records initial isoclinal folding prior to, and contact-related metamorphism synchronous with, the intrusion of the 417 ± 4 Ma Plumbago Mountain pluton. Peak amphibolite facies metamorphism and crustal melting occurred during the ca. 410 to 400 Ma Acadian orogeny. Pulsed emplacement of the Mooselookmeguntic igneous complex occurred between ca. 389 and 356 Ma. Cassiterite U-Pb dates of spodumene pegmatites (333–327 Ma) are ≥23 m.y. younger than nearby granitic plutons, strongly arguing against the fractional crystallization model. Metamorphic monazite and xenotime (346–328 Ma) and 330 to 308 Ma 40Ar/39Ar hornblende dates indicate metamorphism coeval with spodumene pegmatite emplacement, supporting anatectic models. Reheating, anatexis, and spodumene pegmatite emplacement occurred during collapse of the 380 to 330 Ma Acadian orogenic plateau. Lithium enrichment may be linked to one or more stages of partial melting of metasedimentary and plutonic rocks during the formation, tenure, and collapse of the Acadian altiplano and emphasizes the role of anatexis in producing spodumene pegmatites of economic significance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.5382/econgeo.5150","usgsCitation":"Felch, M., Hillenbrand, I.W., Eusden, J., Holm-Denoma, C., Bradley, D., Whittaker, A.T., Jercinovic, M.J., Williams, M.L., and Pianowski, L., 2025, Anatectic origin of Mississippian spodumene-bearing pegmatites in western Maine during orogenic plateau collapse: Economic Geology, v. 120, no. 3, p. 779-806, https://doi.org/10.5382/econgeo.5150.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"779","endPage":"806","ipdsId":"IP-164466","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490509,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.875,\n 44.6\n ],\n [\n -70.875,\n 44.5\n ],\n [\n -70.5833,\n 44.5\n ],\n [\n -70.5833,\n 44.6\n ],\n [\n -70.875,\n 44.6\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"120","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Felch, Myles M","contributorId":356816,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Felch","given":"Myles M","affiliations":[{"id":85242,"text":"Maine Mineral & Gem Museum","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hillenbrand, Ian William 0000-0003-2801-3674","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2801-3674","contributorId":299032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hillenbrand","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":940160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eusden, J. Dykstra","contributorId":356817,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eusden","given":"J. Dykstra","affiliations":[{"id":33413,"text":"Bates College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Holm-Denoma, Christopher S. 0000-0003-3229-5440","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3229-5440","contributorId":219763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holm-Denoma","given":"Christopher S.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":940162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bradley, Dwight C. 0000-0001-9116-5289","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-5289","contributorId":302424,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bradley","given":"Dwight C.","affiliations":[{"id":7065,"text":"USGS emeritus","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Whittaker, Amber T.H.","contributorId":313574,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whittaker","given":"Amber","email":"","middleInitial":"T.H.","affiliations":[{"id":7257,"text":"Maine Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jercinovic, Michael J.","contributorId":316620,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jercinovic","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":68659,"text":"University of Massachusetts - Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Williams, Michael L.","contributorId":215495,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37201,"text":"UMass Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Pianowski, Laura 0000-0002-5346-8251","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5346-8251","contributorId":218817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pianowski","given":"Laura","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":940167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70270724,"text":"70270724 - 2025 - Comparison of two benthic assemblage sampling gears for use on intertidal oyster reefs in Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-22T16:05:13.473914","indexId":"70270724","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-28T11:03:19","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":860,"text":"Aquatic Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of two benthic assemblage sampling gears for use on intertidal oyster reefs in Louisiana","docAbstract":"Background
Estuarine biodiversity plays a vital role in supporting ecosystem functions yet remains threatened by climate change and anthropogenic activity. Tracking and identifying estuarine biodiversity trends helps management ensure long-term provisions of human and environmental benefits by contributing to the estimation of habitat loss and the monitoring of restoration and conservation progress. However, the sampling gear and biodiversity metric used may indicate different conclusions, which can lead to uncertainty in the actual state of the ecosystem-level biodiversity. Sampling benthic biodiversity in complex estuarine habitats, such as oyster reefs, is particularly challenging because no one gear type captures entire target assemblages, and differences in gear efficiency on these complex habitats make comparisons across gear types challenging.
Methods
We investigated how estimates of oyster reef-associated benthic taxa abundance, richness, Pielou’s evenness, and Shannon-Wiener diversity differed across three Crassostrea virginica reefs in Louisiana between suction sampler and substrate tray sampling gears (n = 6), and how gear influenced comparisons across reefs (3 reefs × 6 replicates × 2 gears).
Results
Abundance and richness were higher, and Pielou’s evenness was lower, in trays compared to suction samples at all reefs. Shannon-Wiener diversity was similar in suction samples and trays at two out of three reefs. Amphipod taxa were numerically dominant in trays, skewing the distribution of abundances and driving the reef assemblage differences between gears. Abundance and Shannon-Wiener diversity were similar across reefs within each gear. However, there were significant differences in richness across reefs in tray samples only, while evenness differed across reefs only in suction samples. Our results highlight that gear choices, along with biodiversity metrics tracked, can result in different conclusions in biodiversity trends, ultimately affecting conservation decisions and management.
","language":"English","publisher":"Peer J","doi":"10.7717/peerj.19346","usgsCitation":"Campanino, F.M., Archer, S.K., Tuptiza, J.C., Glaspie, C.N., and La Peyre, M., 2025, Comparison of two benthic assemblage sampling gears for use on intertidal oyster reefs in Louisiana: Aquatic Biology, v. 13, e19346, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19346.","productDescription":"e19346, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-159581","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495051,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19346","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":494566,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.18844430172265,\n 33.05933747886088\n ],\n [\n -93.93839548881195,\n 29.657698500033632\n ],\n [\n -91.47053061521939,\n 28.941858732825423\n ],\n [\n -89.65507085191668,\n 29.110391374618672\n ],\n [\n -89.27077210572385,\n 29.664235014130195\n ],\n [\n -91.45664556469545,\n 31.116558532764905\n ],\n [\n -90.9367332746039,\n 32.812492651944765\n ],\n [\n -94.18844430172265,\n 33.05933747886088\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campanino, Finella M.","contributorId":360220,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Campanino","given":"Finella","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":32913,"text":"Louisiana State University Agricultural Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Archer, Stephanie K.","contributorId":360222,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Archer","given":"Stephanie","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":12699,"text":"Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tuptiza, Jillian C.","contributorId":360224,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tuptiza","given":"Jillian","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":85986,"text":"Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Glaspie, Cassandra N.","contributorId":360225,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glaspie","given":"Cassandra","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":85986,"text":"Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"La Peyre, Megan 0000-0001-9936-2252 mlapeyre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9936-2252","contributorId":79375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"La Peyre","given":"Megan","email":"mlapeyre@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":946904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70271909,"text":"70271909 - 2025 - Mapping predicted ecological states at landscape scales using remote sensing data and machine learning","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-24T15:44:17.513747","indexId":"70271909","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-28T08:37:41","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping predicted ecological states at landscape scales using remote sensing data and machine learning","docAbstract":"Dryland ecosystems, covering 45% of the Earth's land and supporting over one-third of the global population, face significant threats from land degradation and ecological state change. Managing these ecosystems is complex, and science-based frameworks like Ecological Site Descriptions and state-and-transition models are essential tools for guiding decisions to support ecological health while maintaining stakeholder values such as grazing, wildlife, and recreation. However, alignment of these frameworks with smaller scale soil survey maps limits their applicability to broader ecological processes. Here, we extend these frameworks to larger landscapes with a machine learning approach that integrates large-scale, high-resolution vegetation data with identified ecological states from a data-driven state-and-transition model developed for a landscape-scale Ecological Site Group. A “global” model, which used combined inputs from multiple remotely sensed datasets, outperformed individual dataset models based on evaluation with independent data. Ecological state maps generated through this approach broaden the utility of state-and-transition models across Ecological Site Groups, providing a more spatially robust tool for land management at watershed and larger landscape scales. These methods, and the associated ecological state maps, can help meet critical needs for improved land condition assessments that support development of resource management plans and help identify priority areas for restoration and conservation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70243","usgsCitation":"Kleist, N.J., Domschke, C.T., Knight, A.C., Nauman, T.W., Duniway, M.C., and Carter, S.K., 2025, Mapping predicted ecological states at landscape scales using remote sensing data and machine learning: Ecosphere, v. 16, no. 4, e70243, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70243.","productDescription":"e70243, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-157413","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496158,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70243","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496018,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Upper Colorado River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.0509637142687,\n 42.64630716588371\n ],\n [\n -111.8266792759012,\n 39.96910670756075\n ],\n [\n -114.76249387460862,\n 35.930067724930424\n ],\n [\n -108.04708953433448,\n 35.58278337785393\n ],\n [\n -107.09257565522607,\n 37.663677272255455\n ],\n [\n -107.38346712125988,\n 40.56490356337224\n ],\n [\n -108.74500520215983,\n 41.22226787777939\n ],\n [\n -111.0509637142687,\n 42.64630716588371\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kleist, Nathan J. 0000-0002-2468-4318","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2468-4318","contributorId":260598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kleist","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Domschke, Christopher T.","contributorId":361734,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Domschke","given":"Christopher","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":86338,"text":"Bureau of Land Management, Colorado State Office, 2850 Youngfield St., Lakewood, CO 80215","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knight, Anna C. 0000-0002-9455-2855","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9455-2855","contributorId":255113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nauman, Travis W.","contributorId":360619,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nauman","given":"Travis","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":86060,"text":"USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Soil and Plant Science Division, Moab, UT, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Duniway, Michael C. 0000-0002-9643-2785 mduniway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9643-2785","contributorId":219284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duniway","given":"Michael","email":"mduniway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Carter, Sarah K. 0000-0003-3778-8615","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3778-8615","contributorId":192418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70266300,"text":"70266300 - 2025 - Slow rupture, long rise times, and multi-fault geometry: The 2020 M6.4 southwestern Puerto Rico mainshock","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-02T15:13:47.284869","indexId":"70266300","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-28T08:08:25","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Slow rupture, long rise times, and multi-fault geometry: The 2020 M6.4 southwestern Puerto Rico mainshock","docAbstract":"The M6.4 mainshock of the southwestern Puerto Rico seismic sequence on 7 January 2020, was one of the most impactful modern earthquakes in the northeastern Caribbean. Due to its offshore location and complex aftershock distribution, its source kinematics remain poorly constrained. This active sequence illuminated a complex set of previously unrecognized structures that indicate multiple causative faults may have slipped during its rupture. Here, we utilize seismic and geodetic observations to enhance model resolution, estimate the finite slip of the mainshock, and test a multi-segment, geologically realistic fault geometry. Our refined model finds a lower rupture velocity and longer rise times than typical for an event of this magnitude. This indicates a slow-evolving rupture process that resembles characteristics of a tsunami earthquake. Although this normal/strike-slip faulting event was not tsunamigenic, these qualities, if pervasive for this region, have important implications for future seismic monitoring and hazards in southwestern Puerto Rico.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2024GL109740","usgsCitation":"Solares-Colón, M., Goldberg, D.E., Melgar, D., Vanacore, E.A., Sahakian, V., Yeck, W.L., Hernández, F., and Lopez-Venegas, A., 2025, Slow rupture, long rise times, and multi-fault geometry: The 2020 M6.4 southwestern Puerto Rico mainshock: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 52, no. 8, e2024GL109740, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL109740.","productDescription":"e2024GL109740, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-170544","costCenters":[{"id":78686,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Seismology / Geomagnetism","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487926,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024gl109740","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":485330,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Puerto Rico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -67.39442494689831,\n 18.578883979264447\n ],\n [\n -67.39442494689831,\n 17.849447857579676\n ],\n [\n -65.47820852132409,\n 17.849447857579676\n ],\n [\n -65.47820852132409,\n 18.578883979264447\n ],\n [\n -67.39442494689831,\n 18.578883979264447\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Solares-Colón, Margarita M. 0000-0002-9387-7551","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9387-7551","contributorId":353919,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Solares-Colón","given":"Margarita M.","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goldberg, Dara Elyse 0000-0002-0923-3180","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0923-3180","contributorId":289891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldberg","given":"Dara","email":"","middleInitial":"Elyse","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":935443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Melgar, Diego","contributorId":341315,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Melgar","given":"Diego","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vanacore, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":316311,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vanacore","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":62735,"text":"University of Puerto Rico Mayagüez","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sahakian, Valerie J.","contributorId":208097,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sahakian","given":"Valerie J.","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Yeck, William L. 0000-0002-2801-8873 wyeck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2801-8873","contributorId":147558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yeck","given":"William","email":"wyeck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":935447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hernández, Francisco","contributorId":353921,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hernández","given":"Francisco","affiliations":[{"id":62735,"text":"University of Puerto Rico Mayagüez","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lopez-Venegas, Alberto 0000-0002-3413-0546","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3413-0546","contributorId":350939,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lopez-Venegas","given":"Alberto","affiliations":[{"id":34129,"text":"University of Puerto Rico Mayaguez","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70273016,"text":"70273016 - 2025 - Daily survival rate and nest-site selection of Zone-tailed Hawks (Buteo albonotatus) in the Chihuahuan Desert ecoregion of Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-12T15:31:33.490472","indexId":"70273016","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-25T09:25:46","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2442,"text":"Journal of Raptor Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Daily survival rate and nest-site selection of Zone-tailed Hawks (Buteo albonotatus) in the Chihuahuan Desert ecoregion of Texas","title":"Daily survival rate and nest-site selection of Zone-tailed Hawks (Buteo albonotatus) in the Chihuahuan Desert ecoregion of Texas","docAbstract":"The Zone-tailed Hawk (Buteo albonotatus) is one of the least studied raptors in North America and lacks contemporary literature allowing informed management decisions for this species. Zone-tailed Hawks occupy rugged areas in the southwestern region of the United States and are listed as state threatened in Texas. Our objectives were to assess habitat, productivity, and daily survival rate (DSR) of Zone-tailed Hawk nests in riparian zones of the Chihuahuan Desert Ecoregion of Texas. We surveyed for Zone-tailed Hawk nests along ∼30 km of 12 riparian corridors in Brewster, Jeff Davis, and Presidio Counties, Texas. We monitored 11 and 15 Zone-tailed Hawk nests in 2018 and 2019, respectively, and conducted vegetation surveys at the nest tree, nest site (11.3-m radius), and paired random locations. We used nest survival modeling to evaluate the effects of eight habitat variables (nest tree diameter at breast height [DBH], nest tree height, nest height, nest distance to main stem, nest to tree height ratio, mean stand height, number of trees within nest site, and mean nest site DBH) on nest DSR. DSR was positively correlated with nest to tree height ratio and nest tree DBH. Zone-tailed Hawk nests had an estimated 0.991 (standard error [SE] = 0.004, 95% CI = 0.980–0.996) constant DSR and ultimately a 51.4% chance of nest success (SE = 0.0943) across the nesting season. Our results suggest that by selecting larger trees for nesting as well as placing nests higher within the tree, Zone-tailed Hawks may increase their chances of successfully fledging young.
","language":"English","publisher":"Raptor Research Foundation","doi":"10.3356/jrr2436","usgsCitation":"Skidmore, C., Boal, C.W., Skipper, B.R., and Martin, R., 2025, Daily survival rate and nest-site selection of Zone-tailed Hawks (Buteo albonotatus) in the Chihuahuan Desert ecoregion of Texas: Journal of Raptor Research, v. 59, no. 2, p. 1-9, https://doi.org/10.3356/jrr2436.","productDescription":"9","startPage":"1","endPage":"9","ipdsId":"IP-165271","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497700,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3356/jrr2436","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":497468,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Chihuahuan Desert ecoregion","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -103.16016896102632,\n 29.02969764012022\n ],\n [\n -102.6187673940317,\n 29.82558478770983\n ],\n [\n -102.34533119746091,\n 29.825904876682998\n ],\n [\n -103.31770853819764,\n 31.40373063096237\n ],\n [\n -105.27499788066719,\n 30.839874155801937\n ],\n [\n -104.70567543260988,\n 30.257905616135616\n ],\n [\n -104.50920724722273,\n 29.627352150897323\n ],\n [\n -103.81983396318309,\n 29.241412262608875\n ],\n [\n -103.16016896102632,\n 29.02969764012022\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"59","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skidmore, Caroline","contributorId":363911,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skidmore","given":"Caroline","affiliations":[{"id":36331,"text":"Texas Tech University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boal, Clint W. 0000-0001-6008-8911 cboal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6008-8911","contributorId":1909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boal","given":"Clint","email":"cboal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Skipper, Ben R.","contributorId":198462,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skipper","given":"Ben","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":952101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Martin, Russell","contributorId":267876,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martin","given":"Russell","affiliations":[{"id":27442,"text":"Texas parks and Wildlife Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70266105,"text":"70266105 - 2025 - The relationship between body condition, body composition, and growth in amphibians","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-25T15:39:07.679497","indexId":"70266105","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-23T10:36:34","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The relationship between body condition, body composition, and growth in amphibians","docAbstract":"Body condition of animals is often assumed to reflect advantages in survival or reproduction, but body condition indices may not reflect body composition, or condition may be unrelated to fitness-associated traits. The relationship between body condition indices and composition has rarely been quantified in amphibians, and body condition has not previously been related to growth in adult amphibians. We used laboratory (quantitative magnetic resonance) and field methods to evaluate the relationship between body composition and the four common body condition indices for wildlife studies (body mass index, Fulton’s index, scaled mass index, and residual index) in two frog and one salamander species in Montana, USA. We then assessed the relationship between body condition and summertime somatic growth during a 3-yr mark-recapture study of one of our study species (Columbia spotted frogs, Rana luteiventris). Correlation of body condition indices with fat and lean mass differed across species, sexes, and whether components were represented as percentages or were scaled based on size. Scaled mass index, residual index, and Fulton’s index were most often well correlated (r > 0.6) with scaled body components, but Fulton’s index was strongly correlated with body length. Scaled mass and residual indices predicted scaled fat relatively well and were uncorrelated with body length. Heavier condition predicted higher growth rates of Columbia spotted frogs, regardless of the index used. Frogs of heavy body condition (90th percentile residual index) grew 0.04 and 0.05 mm/day greater than frogs of light condition (10th percentile) for average length males and females, respectively. Frogs of short body length (10th percentile) grew 0.11 and 0.19 mm/day more than long (90th percentile) males and females, respectively. By examining the relationship between body condition indices and body composition and revealing a link between condition and future growth, our results provide an empirical basis for choosing the most appropriate condition index, as well as a potential link to fitness-related traits.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0320954","usgsCitation":"Hinderer, R., Hossack, B.R., and Eby, L., 2025, The relationship between body condition, body composition, and growth in amphibians: PLoS ONE, v. 20, no. 4, e0320954, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0320954.","productDescription":"e0320954, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-170065","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487777,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0320954","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":485063,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hinderer, Ross K.","contributorId":353872,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hinderer","given":"Ross K.","affiliations":[{"id":36523,"text":"University of Montana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":934603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hossack, Blake R. 0000-0001-7456-9564 blake_hossack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-9564","contributorId":1177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hossack","given":"Blake","email":"blake_hossack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":934604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eby, Lisa A.","contributorId":353873,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eby","given":"Lisa A.","affiliations":[{"id":36523,"text":"University of Montana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":934605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70266082,"text":"70266082 - 2025 - Additional common milkweed would help Canada meet its share of the trinational eastern migratory monarch butterfly recovery target","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-24T14:58:37.413649","indexId":"70266082","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-23T09:52:19","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":16690,"text":"Facets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Additional common milkweed would help Canada meet its share of the trinational eastern migratory monarch butterfly recovery target","docAbstract":"The eastern migratory monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) population has declined by ∼84% between 1993 and 2024. Population recovery in the Midwestern United States is limited by the availability of the monarch's main host plant for egg laying—common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca). The extent to which common milkweed availability is limiting in other breeding regions is unknown. Our objective was to determine whether Canada has enough common milkweed to support its share of the trinational eastern migratory monarch population recovery target, given ∼29 stems of common milkweed are needed to contribute one adult monarch into the fall migratory population. To meet this objective, we estimated the number of common milkweed stems in Canada using published common milkweed availability estimates by land cover type. We also estimated the size of the Canadian monarch population if the recovery target was achieved using published estimates of wintering monarch density in Mexico, fall migration survival rates, and the relative proportion of monarchs entering fall migration from Canada. We estimate that Canada currently has 484 million common milkweed stems (range: 111 million–1 billion stems) and increasing this amount by 1.61 times (i.e., by ∼295 million stems), or equivalently, by 61%, would support the recovery target.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/facets-2024-0063","usgsCitation":"Mitchell, G.W., Kirby, P., Duffe, J., Fahrig, L., Girard, J., Johnston, M., Larrivee, M., Martin, A., Momeni-Dehaghi, I., Pasher, J., Rezek, E., Shapiro, E., Thogmartin, W.E., and Pouliot, D., 2025, Additional common milkweed would help Canada meet its share of the trinational eastern migratory monarch butterfly recovery target: Facets, v. 10, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2024-0063.","productDescription":"14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-163947","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487900,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2024-0063","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":484979,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mitchell, Greg W.","contributorId":317902,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Greg","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":36681,"text":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":934532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kirby, Patrick","contributorId":353821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirby","given":"Patrick","affiliations":[{"id":36681,"text":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":934533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duffe, Jason","contributorId":353824,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duffe","given":"Jason","affiliations":[{"id":36681,"text":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":934534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fahrig, Lenore","contributorId":340627,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fahrig","given":"Lenore","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17786,"text":"Carleton University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":934535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Girard, Judith","contributorId":353827,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Girard","given":"Judith","affiliations":[{"id":36681,"text":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":934536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnston, Mark K.","contributorId":353830,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnston","given":"Mark K.","affiliations":[{"id":84513,"text":"Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":934537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Larrivee, Maxim","contributorId":353831,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larrivee","given":"Maxim","affiliations":[{"id":84516,"text":"Insectarium de Montréal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":934538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Martin, Amanda E.","contributorId":353832,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martin","given":"Amanda E.","affiliations":[{"id":36681,"text":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":934539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Momeni-Dehaghi, Iman","contributorId":353833,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Momeni-Dehaghi","given":"Iman","affiliations":[{"id":84517,"text":"Carlton University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":934540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Pasher, Jon","contributorId":353834,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pasher","given":"Jon","affiliations":[{"id":36681,"text":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":934541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Rezek, Elizabeth","contributorId":353835,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rezek","given":"Elizabeth","affiliations":[{"id":36681,"text":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":934542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Shapiro, Elisabeth","contributorId":353836,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shapiro","given":"Elisabeth","affiliations":[{"id":36681,"text":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":934543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Thogmartin, Wayne E. 0000-0002-2384-4279 wthogmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2384-4279","contributorId":2545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thogmartin","given":"Wayne","email":"wthogmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":934544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Pouliot, Darren","contributorId":330656,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pouliot","given":"Darren","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":78952,"text":"CCRS, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":934545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70266192,"text":"70266192 - 2025 - National population exposure and evacuation potential in the United States to earthquake-generated tsunami threats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-31T13:40:24.615057","indexId":"70266192","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-22T10:44:54","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2036,"text":"International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"National population exposure and evacuation potential in the United States to earthquake-generated tsunami threats","docAbstract":"Previous efforts to characterize tsunami threats to people have focused primarily on individual scenarios in specific areas but have not recognized multiple scenarios across an entire country. This study addresses this gap by quantifying population exposure and evacuation potential in the United States to 102 earthquake-related, tsunami-hazard zones, including 92 local scenarios, 8 distant scenarios, and 2 probabilistic products. Geospatial path-distance modeling quantified evacuation potential and the influence of departure delays. We focused on residents to support other national, multi-hazard risk analyses. Millions of residents are in distant-tsunami zones, and hundreds of thousands of residents are in local-tsunami zones. In 41 scenarios, there is at least one resident that may have insufficient time to evacuate before wave arrival. Tens of thousands of residents may have insufficient time to evacuate from local tsunamis that impact the U.S. Pacific Northwest or Puerto Rican coastlines. The largest improvements in evacuation potential may come from reducing departure delays in some areas but may involve vertical-evacuation structures or changing land use in other areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105511","usgsCitation":"Wood, N.J., Peters, J., Sheehan, A., and Bausch, D., 2025, National population exposure and evacuation potential in the United States to earthquake-generated tsunami threats: International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, v. 123, 105511, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105511.","productDescription":"105511, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176718","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":485209,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"123","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Nathan J. 0000-0002-6060-9729 nwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6060-9729","contributorId":3347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Nathan","email":"nwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":934864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peters, Jeff 0000-0003-4312-0590 jpeters@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4312-0590","contributorId":4711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"Jeff","email":"jpeters@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":934865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sheehan, Anne 0009-0005-0636-6892","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0636-6892","contributorId":358952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sheehan","given":"Anne","affiliations":[{"id":30786,"text":"FEMA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":934866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bausch, Doug","contributorId":195191,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bausch","given":"Doug","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34169,"text":"Pacific Disaster Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":934867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70266302,"text":"70266302 - 2025 - Causal effects verses causal mechanisms: Two traditions with different requirements and contributions towards causal understanding","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-02T15:22:11.664649","indexId":"70266302","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-22T08:15:15","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1466,"text":"Ecology Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Causal effects verses causal mechanisms: Two traditions with different requirements and contributions towards causal understanding","docAbstract":"The scientific aspiration of building causal knowledge has received little explicit discussion in ecology despite its fundamental importance. When methods are described as ‘causal’, emphasis is increasingly placed on statistical techniques for isolating associations so as to quantify causal effects. In contrast, natural scientists have historically approached the pursuit of causal knowledge through the investigation of mechanisms that interconnect the components of systems. In this paper, we first summarise a recently published multievidence paradigm for causal studies meant to reconcile conflicting viewpoints. We then describe some of the basic principles of causal statistics and the challenge of estimating pure causal effects. We follow that by describing basic principles related to causal mechanistic investigations, which focus on characterising the structures and processes conveying causal effects. While causal statistics focuses on estimating effect sizes, mechanistic investigations focus on characterising the attributes of the underlying structures and processes linking causative agents to responses. There are important differences between how one approaches each endeavour, as well as differences in what is obtained from each type of investigation. Finally, the case is made that an explicit assessment of existing mechanistic knowledge should be an initial step in causal investigations.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ele.70029","usgsCitation":"Grace, J., Huntington-Klein, N., Schweiger, E.W., Martinez, M., Osland, M., Feher, L., Guntenspergen, G.R., and Thorne, K., 2025, Causal effects verses causal mechanisms: Two traditions with different requirements and contributions towards causal understanding: Ecology Letters, v. 28, no. 4, e70029, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.70029.","productDescription":"e70029, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-153333","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487928,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12013535","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":485332,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida, Louisiana, Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.06594911045349,\n 29.20437713915578\n ],\n [\n -97.06594911045349,\n 25.202385791747105\n ],\n [\n -79.97263029331532,\n 25.202385791747105\n ],\n [\n -79.97263029331532,\n 29.20437713915578\n ],\n [\n -97.06594911045349,\n 29.20437713915578\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grace, James 0000-0001-6374-4726","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":206247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"James","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":935453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huntington-Klein, Nick 0000-0002-7352-3991","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7352-3991","contributorId":354349,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huntington-Klein","given":"Nick","affiliations":[{"id":84580,"text":"Seattle University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schweiger, E. William","contributorId":243260,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schweiger","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[{"id":48669,"text":"National Park Service Inventory and Monitoring Program, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Martinez, Melinda 0000-0001-6652-9220","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6652-9220","contributorId":290467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martinez","given":"Melinda","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":935456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Osland, Michael 0000-0001-9902-8692","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9902-8692","contributorId":219805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osland","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":935457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Feher, Laura C.","contributorId":354350,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feher","given":"Laura C.","affiliations":[{"id":84616,"text":"National Park Service, Northeastern Coastal and Barrier Network","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Guntenspergen, Glenn R. 0000-0002-8593-0244 glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-0244","contributorId":2885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guntenspergen","given":"Glenn","email":"glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":935459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Thorne, Karen M. 0000-0002-1381-0657","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1381-0657","contributorId":204579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorne","given":"Karen M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":935460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70265986,"text":"70265986 - 2025 - Cardiac and behavioral responses to chemical and electrical immobilization in Lake Trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-12T15:46:37.944628","indexId":"70265986","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-19T08:43:29","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cardiac and behavioral responses to chemical and electrical immobilization in Lake Trout","docAbstract":"Immobilizing or anesthetizing fish is important for promoting fish welfare in numerous routine activities that involve handling. Electroanesthesia, an alternative to traditional chemical anesthetics, uses weak electrical current to immobilize fish while current is applied, resulting in near-immediate induction and recovery. The physiological effects of electroanesthesia appear to be minimal or comparable to those of chemical anesthetics, but knowledge gaps exist on cardiac responses during treatment and behavioral responses in a controlled setting.
Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush were immobilized by one of four treatments: control (physical restraint); eugenol (AQUI-S 20E); and continuously applied, low-voltage electroanesthesia with either constant DC or transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). We evaluated the heart rate while fish were immobilized, reflexes at 1 h posttreatment, and survival and movements in a laboratory setting over a 6-d posttreatment period.
The heart rates of fish immobilized with either electroanesthesia treatment (constant DC: mean ± SE = 12.6 ± 1.1 beats/min; TENS: 13.1 ± 1.2 beats/min) were not significantly different from those of control fish (10.0 ± 1.2 beats/min) while immobilized. However, fish immobilized with eugenol exhibited heart rates that were more than three times higher (32.1 ± 1.2 beats/min) than those of control fish while immobilized. Treatments had no effect on reflex scores at 1 h posttreatment, the 6-d survival rate of fish (100%), or movement behavior during the hours (1–24 h) or days (6 d) after treatment.
This study adds to a growing body of research finding a lack of negative physiological or behavioral responses resulting from continuously applied electroanesthesia, suggesting that it is at least as safe as many chemical anesthetics in this respect. The significant cardiac response of Lake Trout while immobilized with eugenol warrants further investigation. While the body of research on immobilizing agents in fish grows, species-specific data remain sparse, and users would benefit from pilot testing before wider application.
Reservoir predation has been identified as a leading mortality source for smolts migrating through impounded river systems. We investigated smolt predation risk for an endangered Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) population in the Weldon Dam reservoir in the Penobscot River, Maine, USA. In spring 2022, we characterized the fates of 390 tethered smolts. Smolts were exclusively predated by two predator species not native to the study area: chain pickerel (Esox niger, n = 43) and smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu, n = 42). Using Cox-proportional hazard analysis, we estimated that 23% (95% CI = 15%–29%) of tethered smolts were expected to be predated within a one-hour deployment. Water temperature was the primary driver of predation risk as predation probability increased from 10% to 33% when temperature increased from 5 to 15 °C. Smolts also incurred above-average predation risk when they were within 40 m of shore. We demonstrate that non-native fish predation may drive patterns of high impoundment mortality and that risk is spatially and temporally heterogeneous within these systems. Collectively, this study offers direct evidence of species-specific predation on Atlantic salmon smolts and illuminates potential strategies to mitigate predation risk during reservoir migration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2024-0416","usgsCitation":"Mensinger, M., Casey, A., Mortelliti, A., and Zydlewski, J.D., 2025, Smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) and chain pickerel (Esox niger) identified as Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolt predators in a reservoir system: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 82, p. 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2024-0416.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","ipdsId":"IP-162835","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":492991,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Pensbscot River, Weldon Dam reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -68.51927422282627,\n 45.60668041885205\n ],\n [\n -68.51927422282627,\n 45.56579487814537\n ],\n [\n -68.40635313680089,\n 45.56579487814537\n ],\n [\n -68.40635313680089,\n 45.60668041885205\n ],\n [\n -68.51927422282627,\n 45.60668041885205\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"82","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mensinger, Matthew A.","contributorId":358683,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mensinger","given":"Matthew A.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":944106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Casey, Andrea N.","contributorId":358685,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Casey","given":"Andrea N.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":944107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mortelliti, Alessio","contributorId":358688,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mortelliti","given":"Alessio","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":944108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":944109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70267815,"text":"70267815 - 2025 - Lithium from magma to mine in an early Yellowstone hotspot caldera","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-10T14:50:14.042773","indexId":"70267815","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-16T08:37:29","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lithium from magma to mine in an early Yellowstone hotspot caldera","docAbstract":"Renewable energy technologies rely on the extraction of metals not historically in high demand, such as lithium (Li), for which ore deposit models are incompletely understood. One of the world’s largest Li deposits is hosted in lake sediments of the 16.4 Ma McDermitt caldera, which formed during the early stages of Yellowstone hotspot volcanism in the western United States. Eruptive and posteruptive mobility of Li are major challenges in elucidating deposit formation. Melt inclusions preserved in quartz crystals provide a means to assess pre-eruptive magmatic Li contents. Concentrations of Li determined by ion microprobe for melt inclusions in a McDermitt rhyolite lava are 400−1350 ppm, compared to 20−70 ppm Li in matrix rhyolite glasses. Synthesis with melt inclusion data for eight additional calderas demonstrates a recurrence of Li-rich rhyolitic magmas (200−2000 ppm Li) in the western part of the Yellowstone hotspot track. However, unlike the multicyclic caldera complexes with overlapping fault networks that may have compromised Li retention, the McDermitt caldera remained a closed hydrologic system throughout its evolution. Modeling indicates 100 km3 of resurgent magma could yield 25−150 Mt Li in a magmatic fluid and supports accumulation of Li-rich magmatic fluid in a closed intracaldera lake, followed by evaporative concentration and sequestration of Li within clay minerals to generate the McDermitt deposit.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/G53140.1","usgsCitation":"Watts, K., 2025, Lithium from magma to mine in an early Yellowstone hotspot caldera: Geology, v. 53, no. 7, p. 592-596, https://doi.org/10.1130/G53140.1.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"592","endPage":"596","ipdsId":"IP-167363","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489475,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":490666,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/g53140.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone hotspot caldera","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.21830246150877,\n 45.126578896874065\n ],\n [\n -119.21693278725452,\n 45.126578896874065\n ],\n [\n -119.21693278725452,\n 41.23242701033587\n ],\n [\n -114.17059390138817,\n 40.859473447854995\n ],\n [\n -114.02540645163282,\n 42.00890055289802\n ],\n [\n -110.44161856797778,\n 41.981517173869975\n ],\n [\n -110.21830246150877,\n 45.126578896874065\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"53","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watts, Kathryn E. 0000-0002-6110-7499","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6110-7499","contributorId":204344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watts","given":"Kathryn E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":939006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70265801,"text":"70265801 - 2025 - Safety and immunogenicity of poultry vaccine for protecting critically endangered avian species against highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-12T15:44:31.385934","indexId":"70265801","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-15T10:32:53","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1493,"text":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Safety and immunogenicity of poultry vaccine for protecting critically endangered avian species against highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, United States","docAbstract":"In 2023, an outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza occurred among critically endangered California condors (Gymnogyps californianus), and >21 died. We evaluated safety, immunogenicity, vaccination strategies, and correlates of antibody response of an influenza vaccine for poultry in black vultures (Coragyps atratus) and then California condors. We noted differences in antibody titers between vaccinated and unvaccinated birds (vultures p<0.004; condors p<0.02) but no adverse effects of vaccination. All vaccinated vultures and 80% of vaccinated condors showed maximum measured antibody response within the published range associated with survival of vaccinated and virally challenged chickens. We noted weak evidence of higher antibody responses for birds given two 0.5-mL vaccines versus those given one 1-mL vaccine but no correlation between antibody titers and sex for either species or between antibody titers and bone lead concentrations in vultures. Our results prompted initiation of a vaccination program for condors that could reduce spread of this disease among highly threatened species.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi":"10.3201/eid3106.241558","usgsCitation":"Katzner, T., Blackford, A., Donahue, M., Gibbs, S.E., Lenoch, J.B., Martin, M.K., Rocke, T.E., Root, J.J., Styles, D., Cooper, S., Dean, K., Dvornicky-Raymond, Z., Keller, D., Sanchez, C., Dunlap, B., Grier, T., Jones, M., Nitzel, G., Patrick, E., Purcell, M., Specht, A., and Suarez, D.L., 2025, Safety and immunogenicity of poultry vaccine for protecting critically endangered avian species against highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, United States: Emerging Infectious Diseases, v. 31, no. 6, p. 1131-1139, https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3106.241558.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1131","endPage":"1139","ipdsId":"IP-171779","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":485999,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":490125,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3106.241558","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"volume":"31","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Katzner, Todd E. 0000-0003-4503-8435 tkatzner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4503-8435","contributorId":191353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katzner","given":"Todd E.","email":"tkatzner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":933551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blackford, Ashleigh V.","contributorId":353436,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blackford","given":"Ashleigh V.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Donahue, Mary","contributorId":353439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Donahue","given":"Mary","affiliations":[{"id":36658,"text":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gibbs, Samantha E.J.","contributorId":225084,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gibbs","given":"Samantha","email":"","middleInitial":"E.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":933554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lenoch, Julianna B.","contributorId":317921,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lenoch","given":"Julianna","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":69193,"text":"Wildlife Services National Wildlife Disease Program, Animal and Plant Health Inspections Service, USDA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Martin, Michael K.","contributorId":214245,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martin","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rocke, Tonie E. 0000-0003-3933-1563 trocke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-1563","contributorId":2665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocke","given":"Tonie","email":"trocke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":933557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Root, J. 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2025 - Volcanic gases reflect magma stalling and launching depths","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-16T15:01:09.279394","indexId":"70265802","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-15T09:51:15","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Volcanic gases reflect magma stalling and launching depths","docAbstract":"Many open-vent arc volcanoes display two modes in their continuous gas emissions, one with a characteristic CO2/ ST ratio typical of periods of quiescent degassing and another punctuated by high CO2/ ST gas emitted in the weeks before eruption, a recently recognized eruption precursor. In this study we explore the origin of the two modes of degassing revealed by time-series gas data at Turrialba volcano (Costa Rica) in the context of new melt inclusion (MI) data. To reconstruct the c[CO2] of undegassed magma, we developed a rapid-quench piston-cylinder assembly to rehomogenize the vapor bubble commonly contained in MIs. We focus on olivine-hosted MIs from a mafic scoria sample erupted from Turrialba in 1864–1866. The reconstructed CO2 contents in MIs decrease from ∼4000 to <1000 ppmw as S contents decrease from 3500 to <1000 ppmw. The highest reconstructed S and CO2 in the MIs resulted in an initial magmatic CO2/ ST ratio (molar) of 0.83. Informed by the MI data, we modeled the decompression degassing of Turrialba magma and vapor composition using the Sulfur_X and EVo models. Instead of being controlled by initial magmatic CO2/ST ratio as suggested by previous studies, we find that the quiescent gas emitted from Turrialba during 2014–2018 (CO2/ ST = 2.3 ± 0.8, molar) appears to reflectequilibrium with magmas stored at 4–8 km (Sulfur_X) or 2 km (EVo) depth, when H2O is degassing extensively from the magma. A magma storage region at 4–8 km is also supported by seismic tomography. The second gas mode is noted by spikes in CO2/ ST ∼ 7.9 ± 2 in the weeks prior to eruption. This gas reflects equilibrium with a magma at 12–18 km (Sulfur_X) or 4–8 km (EVo), where the ascending magma is saturated with a CO2-rich vapor. Thus, there are two important trans crustal depths beneath the volcano: one where the rate of H2O loss from the magma and thus magma viscosity increases, and one at greater depths where high CO2/ST vapor forms and may facilitate dike propagation. We interpret the shallower, H2O-loss region as the main site of magma stalling and storage, where quiescent gas is generated continuously. We interpret the greater depth (12–18 km) as the source of the precursory gas that precedes eruption, and where the mafic melt lastly equilibrated with a mush zone before ascending and triggering eruption weeks later. This hypothesis is ripe for testing at other volcanoes that exhibit two modes in gas geochemistry.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119349","usgsCitation":"Ding, S., Plank, T., de Moor, J., Moussallam, Y., Brounce, M., and Kelly, P.J., 2025, Volcanic gases reflect magma stalling and launching depths: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 660, 119349, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119349.","productDescription":"119349, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-160372","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":484641,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Costa Rica","otherGeospatial":"Turrialba volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.92,\n 10.0833\n ],\n [\n -83.92,\n 9.9167\n ],\n [\n -83.667,\n 9.9167\n ],\n [\n -83.667,\n 10.0833\n ],\n [\n -83.92,\n 10.0833\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"660","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ding, Shuo","contributorId":353454,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ding","given":"Shuo","affiliations":[{"id":84404,"text":"Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plank, Terry","contributorId":353455,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plank","given":"Terry","affiliations":[{"id":84404,"text":"Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"de Moor, J. Maarten","contributorId":353456,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"de Moor","given":"J. Maarten","affiliations":[{"id":38348,"text":"Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moussallam, Yves","contributorId":353457,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moussallam","given":"Yves","affiliations":[{"id":84404,"text":"Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brounce, Maryjo","contributorId":353458,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brounce","given":"Maryjo","affiliations":[{"id":84406,"text":"Earth & Planetary Sciences Department, University of California, Riverside","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kelly, Peter J. 0000-0002-3868-1046 pkelly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3868-1046","contributorId":5931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"Peter","email":"pkelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":933578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70265966,"text":"70265966 - 2025 - Lead exposure in waterfowl before contoxic shot requirements: A nationwide study, 1983−1986","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-22T16:43:50.38942","indexId":"70265966","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-14T11:40:03","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lead exposure in waterfowl before contoxic shot requirements: A nationwide study, 1983−1986","docAbstract":"Before implementing nontoxic shot requirements for hunting waterfowl and American coots Fulica americana in the United States in 1991, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service monitored lead poisoning in waterfowl on federal and state wildlife hunting areas during 1983-1986. Federal and state collaborators collected gizzards and livers from 9,029 hunter-killed waterfowl (10 species of dabbling ducks Anatinae, 9 diving ducks Aythyinae, 5 geese Anserinae, and tundra swans Cygnus columbianus) across the four flyways. At the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service National Wildlife Health Center, Madison, Wisconsin, waterfowl gizzards were examined for ingested lead and nontoxic shot and livers were analyzed for lead concentrations. Diving ducks had the greatest frequency (8.7%) of one or more ingested lead shot, followed by dabbling ducks (5.5%) and geese (1.3%). No ingested shot were found in tundra swans. The frequency of elevated (≥ 2.0 mg/kg wet weight) liver lead concentrations was also greatest in diving ducks, followed by dabbling ducks and geese. Within each species group, the frequency of elevated liver lead concentrations was greater than ingested lead shot, an indication that lead shot ingestion alone underrepresents lead exposure. Thus, lead in the liver may remain elevated after the erosion and excretion of lead pellets from the gizzard. Our results provide historical baseline data and summarize a nationwide study of lead exposure, using both ingested lead shot and liver lead concentrations, in waterfowl in the United States before the implementation of nontoxic shot regulations in 1991. These data can be compared with previous studies of lead exposure in waterfowl, as well as current and future assessments to evaluate the success of nontoxic shot regulations nationwide and specifically within previously sampled waterfowl management areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service","doi":"10.3996/JFWM-24-041","usgsCitation":"Franson, J.C., and Bunck, C.M., 2025, Lead exposure in waterfowl before contoxic shot requirements: A nationwide study, 1983−1986: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, https://doi.org/10.3996/JFWM-24-041.","ipdsId":"IP-165936","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488486,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/jfwm-24-041","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":484847,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Online First","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franson, J. Christian 0000-0002-0251-4238 jfranson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":177499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J.","email":"jfranson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Christian","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":934183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bunck, Christine M. cbunck@usgs.gov","contributorId":731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunck","given":"Christine","email":"cbunck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":934184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70266423,"text":"70266423 - 2025 - A quantitative classification of the geography of non-native flora in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-06T15:03:25.831673","indexId":"70266423","displayToPublicDate":"2025-04-14T09:55:12","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1839,"text":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A quantitative classification of the geography of non-native flora in the United States","docAbstract":"Non-native plants have the potential to harm ecosystems. Harm is classically related to their distribution and abundance, but this geographical information is often unknown. Here, we assess geographical commonness as a potential indicator of invasive status for non-native flora in the United States. Geographical commonness could inform invasion risk assessments across species and ecoregions.
Conterminous United States.
Through 2022.
Plants.
We compiled and standardised occurrence and abundance data from 14 spatial datasets and used this information to categorise non-native species as uncommon or common based on three dimensions of commonness: area of occupancy, habitat breadth and local abundance. To assess consistency in existing categorizations, we compared commonness to invasive status in the United States. We identified species with higher-than-expected abundance relative to their occupancy, habitat breadth or residence time. We calculated non-native plant richness within United States ecoregions and estimated unreported species based on rarefaction/extrapolation curves.
This comprehensive database identified 1874 non-native plant species recorded in 4,844,963 locations. Of these, 1221 species were locally abundant (> 10% cover) in 797,759 unique locations. One thousand one hundred one non-native species (59%) achieved at least one dimension of commonness, including 565 species that achieved all three. Species with longer residence times tended to meet more dimensions of commonness. We identified 132 species with higher-than-expected abundance. Ecoregions in the central United States have the largest estimated numbers of unreported, abundant non-native plants.
A high proportion of non-native species have become common in the United States. However, existing categorizations of invasive species are not always consistent with species' abundance and distribution, even after considering residence time. Considering geographical commonness and higher-than-expected abundance revealed in this new dataset could support more consistent and proactive identification of invasive plants and lead to more efficient management practices.
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