Cyanobacteria-dominated blooms in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, create poor water quality and produce microcystins that may be detrimental to local wildlife and human health. Genetic tools, including high-throughput DNA sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), have been shown to improve the identification and quantification of key groups associated with these blooms over more traditional techniques. We examined the seasonal and interannual variations in nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) concentrations between 2013 and 2014 to describe the relations between these factors and the growth dynamics of Aphanizomenon and toxigenic Microcystis as described by DNA sequencing and qPCR. Although total nutrients and chlorophyll a concentrations were similar between years, qPCR results showed the cyanobacterial populations to be 40 times larger in 2014 and indicated a large shift from an Aphanizomenon-dominant, low microcystin-level regime in 2013 to one dominated later in the season by microcystin-producing Microcystis in 2014. In both years, the transition from Aphanizomenon to Microcystis was coincident with a late-season increase in nitrite-plus-nitrate concentrations and in dissolved inorganic nitrogen to dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIN:DIP) ratios. However, these increases did not explain the large interannual differences in total cyanobacteria abundance. Rather, we hypothesized that year-to-year differences in bioavailable phosphorus, which also manifested as lower total nitrogen to total phosphorus (TN:TP) ratios, were responsible.
Montane plant communities throughout the world have responded to changes in temperature regimes by shifting ranges upward in elevation, and made downslope movements to track shifts in climatic water balance. Organisms that cannot disperse or adapt biologically to projected climate scenarios in situ may decrease in distributional range and abundance over time. Restoration strategies will need to incorporate the habitat suitability of future predicted conditions to ensure long-term persistence. We propagated seedlings of three native Hawaiian montane plant species from high- (~2,500 m asl) and low-elevation (~1,900 m asl) sources, planted them in 8 common plots along a 500 m elevation gradient, and monitored microclimate at each plot for 20 weeks. We explored how temperature and precipitation influenced survival and growth differently among high- and low-elevation origin seedlings. Significantly more seedlings of only one species, Dodonaea viscosa, from high-elevation origin (75.2%) survived than seedlings from low-elevation origin (58.7%) across the entire elevation gradient. Origin also influenced survival in generalized linear mixed models that controlled for temperature, precipitation, and elevation in D. viscosa and Chenopodium oahuense. Survival increased with elevation and soil moisture for Sophora chrysophylla, while it decreased for the other two species. Responses to microclimate varied between the three montane plant species; there were no common patterns of growth or survival. Although limited in temporal scope, our experiment represents one of the few attempts to examine local adaptation to prospective climate scenarios and addresses challenges to restoration efforts within species’ current ranges.
","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0218516","usgsCitation":"Leopold, C., and Hess, S.C., 2019, Facilitating adaptation to climate change while restoring a montane plant community: PLoS ONE, v. 14, e0218516; 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0218516.","productDescription":"e0218516; 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-099400","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467514,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0218516","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":364971,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Mauna Kea Forest Reserve","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.6227111816406,\n 19.796425363822532\n ],\n [\n -155.58013916015625,\n 19.755071768505005\n ],\n [\n -155.49087524414062,\n 19.703364698733452\n ],\n [\n -155.39886474609375,\n 19.73439094891939\n ],\n [\n -155.35491943359375,\n 19.826141627230633\n ],\n [\n -155.3631591796875,\n 19.898471023853403\n ],\n [\n -155.49087524414062,\n 19.93591434153325\n ],\n [\n -155.6227111816406,\n 19.796425363822532\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-06-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leopold, Christina 0000-0003-0499-3196","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0499-3196","contributorId":178961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leopold","given":"Christina","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hess, Steve C. 0000-0001-6403-9922 shess@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6403-9922","contributorId":150366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"Steve","email":"shess@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70204149,"text":"70204149 - 2019 - Early emergence of mcr-1-positive Enterobacteriaceae in gulls from Spain and Portugal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-09T09:25:04","indexId":"70204149","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-19T14:40:51","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1549,"text":"Environmental Microbiology Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Early emergence of mcr-1-positive Enterobacteriaceae in gulls from Spain and Portugal","title":"Early emergence of mcr-1-positive Enterobacteriaceae in gulls from Spain and Portugal","docAbstract":"We tested extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase producing bacteria from wild gulls (Larusspp.) sampled in 2009 for the presence of mcr‐1. We report the detection of mcr‐1 and describe genome characteristics of four Escherichia coli and one Klebsiella pneumoniaeisolate from Spain and Portugal that also exhibited colistin resistance. Results represent the earliest evidence for colistin‐resistant bacteria in European wildlife.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1758-2229.12779","usgsCitation":"Ahlstrom, C., Ramey, A.M., Woksepp, H., and Bonnedahl, J., 2019, Early emergence of mcr-1-positive Enterobacteriaceae in gulls from Spain and Portugal: Environmental Microbiology Reports, v. 11, no. 5, p. 669-671, https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-2229.12779.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"669","endPage":"671","ipdsId":"IP-098161","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467518,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-2229.12779","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":365395,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Portugal, Spain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": 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PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ahlstrom, Christina 0000-0001-5414-8076","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5414-8076","contributorId":214540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahlstrom","given":"Christina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":765725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ramey, Andrew M. 0000-0002-3601-8400 aramey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-8400","contributorId":1872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Andrew","email":"aramey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":765726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woksepp, Hanna","contributorId":207263,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woksepp","given":"Hanna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bonnedahl, Jonas","contributorId":181800,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bonnedahl","given":"Jonas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70204763,"text":"70204763 - 2019 - Climate and disturbance influence self-sustaining stand dynamics of aspen (Populus tremuloides) near its range margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-16T12:34:31","indexId":"70204763","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-12T10:25:43","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate and disturbance influence self-sustaining stand dynamics of aspen (Populus tremuloides) near its range margin","docAbstract":"Species that are primarily seral may form stable (self-sustaining) communities under certain disturbance regimes or environmental conditions, yet such populations may also be particularly vulnerable to ecological change. Aspen (Populus spp.) are generally considered seral throughout the northern hemisphere, including P. tremuloides, the most widely distributed tree species in North America. Recent declines in aspen populations have occurred, especially along drought-sensitive margins of its range and where fire exclusion and herbivory have promoted community transition. However, aspen also forms stable stands, and examination of the mechanisms that influence persistence can offer conservation insights, especially where populations are vulnerable to changing climate or altered disturbance dynamics. We sampled tree age and stand characteristics of isolated aspen forests in the arid Great Basin (USA) to determine if: (1) aspen communities are more fire-dependent and seral or fire-independent and stable; (2) ungulate browsing inhibits aspen stability; and (3) temporal patterns of vegetative reproduction (i.e., ramet establishment or “suckering”) are correlated with climate. Aspen size and age class densities strongly fit negative exponential distributions, whether grouped geographically or by functional type, suggesting landscape-scale persistence. Continuous age distributions and high proportions of recruitment-sized to overstory trees suggest stability at stand-scales, with exceptions including stands with higher browsing pressure. Few stands had evidence of fire, and relationships between dead tree size and variability in live tree size suggest a lack of fire-dependency. Several five-year averaged climate variables and one sea surface temperature index were correlated with aspen ramet establishment densities over time, with strongest relationships occurring ~5 years prior to establishment year, often followed by inverse relationships ~1 year after. Indeed, aspen establishment density for a recent 41-year period was reliably reconstructed using antecedent climate conditions derived from a single drought index. Temporally synchronized aspen ramet establishment across the study region may be due to climate-driven storage of nonstructural carbohydrate reserves in clonal root systems later used for regeneration. Complex regeneration dynamics of these self-sustaining aspen stands, especially sensitivity to climate variability, suggest they may serve as harbingers of ecological change in the arid Great Basin and in other aspen populations near their range margin.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/eap.1948","usgsCitation":"Shinneman, D.J., and McIlroy, S., 2019, Climate and disturbance influence self-sustaining stand dynamics of aspen (Populus tremuloides) near its range margin: Ecological Applications, v. 29, no. 6, e01948, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1948.","productDescription":"e01948, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-102692","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437422,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7HX1BM5","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Northern Nevada aspen (Populus tremuloides) data (2010-2011) (ver. 2.0, January 2024)"},{"id":366564,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shinneman, Douglas J. 0000-0002-4909-5181 dshinneman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4909-5181","contributorId":147745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shinneman","given":"Douglas","email":"dshinneman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":768376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McIlroy, Susan K. 0000-0001-5088-3700 smcilroy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5088-3700","contributorId":169446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIlroy","given":"Susan","email":"smcilroy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":768377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70198478,"text":"70198478 - 2019 - Evaluating mechanisms of plant‐mediated effects on herbivore persistence and occupancy across an ecoregion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-27T15:24:46.382467","indexId":"70198478","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-12T10:18:25","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating mechanisms of plant‐mediated effects on herbivore persistence and occupancy across an ecoregion","docAbstract":"Contemporary climate change is rapidly creating one of the greatest challenges for management and conservation during the 21st century. Mountain ecosystems, which have a high degree of spatial heterogeneity and contain numerous habitat specialists, have been identified as particularly vulnerable. We used data from multiple years across sites spanning a >40 million ha ecoregion to test hypotheses regarding how community‐level characteristics of vegetation may affect a mammalian generalist herbivore, the American pika (Ochotona princeps ). We examined patterns of pika persistence across sites in the hydrographic Great Basin, and occupancy within a subset of these sites. We used mixed‐effects logistic regression models to compare evidence in support of competing explanations for each pattern within an information–theoretic framework (using Akaike's information criterion). Models reflected four hypothesized classes of mechanisms related to nutritional ecology, ecosystem function, indirect indication of climatic effects, and (synergistic) combinations of these three classes. At the site level, models reflecting synergistic effects received the most support. At the within‐site level, support appeared to be split equally among hypotheses containing predictors related to either nutritional ecology or indirect climate effects. Well‐supported predictors included cover of invasive plant species, cover of more‐xeric plant species, species evenness, and proportion of graminoid species. Our results both (1) identify important aspects of vegetation communities that may influence herbivore distribution in mountainous areas across a large, diverse geographic region, and (2) contribute to an improved understanding of how mountain ecosystems may be affected by ongoing climate change, more broadly.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2764","usgsCitation":"Wilkening, J.L., Cole, E.J., and Beever, E., 2019, Evaluating mechanisms of plant‐mediated effects on herbivore persistence and occupancy across an ecoregion: Ecosphere, v. 10, no. 6, e02764, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2764.","productDescription":"e02764, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-094589","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467537,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2764","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":375082,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Great Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.01513671875,\n 36.82687474287728\n ],\n [\n -112.67578124999999,\n 37.70120736474139\n ],\n [\n -112.06054687499999,\n 40.26276066437183\n ],\n [\n -112.32421875,\n 41.983994270935625\n ],\n [\n -113.04931640625,\n 43.18114705939968\n ],\n [\n -113.37890625,\n 43.50075243569041\n ],\n [\n -114.54345703125,\n 42.293564192170095\n ],\n [\n -115.57617187499999,\n 41.705728515237524\n ],\n [\n -116.3232421875,\n 41.49212083968776\n ],\n [\n -117.59765625,\n 41.27780646738183\n ],\n [\n -117.90527343750001,\n 42.08191667830631\n ],\n [\n -118.36669921875,\n 43.6599240747891\n ],\n [\n -119.02587890624999,\n 44.134913443750726\n ],\n [\n -120.25634765624999,\n 43.91372326852401\n ],\n [\n -121.17919921875001,\n 43.56447158721811\n ],\n [\n -121.06933593749999,\n 41.393294288784865\n ],\n [\n -120.7177734375,\n 40.29628651711716\n ],\n [\n -120.38818359375,\n 39.26628442213066\n ],\n [\n -118.01513671875,\n 36.82687474287728\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-06-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilkening, Jennifer L. 0000-0001-8748-4578","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8748-4578","contributorId":127685,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilkening","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7111,"text":"U. Colorado, Boulder, Dept. Ecology & Evol.Biol., PhD Student","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cole, Evan J.","contributorId":206741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cole","given":"Evan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37388,"text":"Dept. of Environmental Science, University of San Francisco","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beever, Erik A. 0000-0002-9369-486X ebeever@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-486X","contributorId":147685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beever","given":"Erik A.","email":"ebeever@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5072,"text":"Office of Communication and Publishing","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70206622,"text":"70206622 - 2019 - SUSTAIN drilling at Surtsey volcano, Iceland, tracks hydrothermal and microbiological interactions in basalt 50 years after eruption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-14T08:07:16","indexId":"70206622","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-12T08:04:54","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3356,"text":"Scientific Drilling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"SUSTAIN drilling at Surtsey volcano, Iceland, tracks hydrothermal and microbiological interactions in basalt 50 years after eruption","docAbstract":"The 2017 Surtsey Underwater volcanic System for Thermophiles, Alteration processes and INnovative concretes (SUSTAIN) drilling project at Surtsey volcano, sponsored in part by the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP), provides precise observations of the hydrothermal, geochemical, geomagnetic, and microbiological changes that have occurred in basaltic tephra and minor intrusions since explosive and effusive eruptions produced the oceanic island in 1963–1967. Two vertically cored boreholes, to 152 and 192 m below the surface, were drilled using filtered, UV-sterilized seawater circulating fluid to minimize microbial contamination. These cores parallel a 181 m core drilled in 1979. Introductory investigations indicate changes in material properties and whole-rock compositions over the past 38 years. A Surtsey subsurface observatory installed to 181 m in one vertical borehole holds incubation experiments that monitor in situ mineralogical and microbial alteration processes at 25–124 ∘C. A third cored borehole, inclined 55∘ in a 264∘ azimuthal direction to 354 m measured depth, provides further insights into eruption processes, including the presence of a diatreme that extends at least 100 m into the seafloor beneath the Surtur crater. The SUSTAIN project provides the first time-lapse drilling record into a very young oceanic basaltic volcano over a range of temperatures, 25–141 ∘C from 1979 to 2017, and subaerial and submarine hydrothermal fluid compositions. Rigorous procedures undertaken during the drilling operation protected the sensitive environment of the Surtsey Natural Preserve.","language":"English","publisher":"International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) and International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP)","doi":"10.5194/sd-25-35-2019","usgsCitation":"Jackson, M., Gudmundsson, M., Weisenberger, T., Rhodes, J., Stefansson, A., Kleine, B., Lippert, P., Marquardt, J., Reynolds, H., Kuck, J., Marteinsson, V., Vannier, P., Bach, W., Barich, A., Bergsten, P., Bryce, J.G., Cappelletti, P., Couper, S., Fahnestock, M., Gorny, C., Grimaldi, C., Groh, M., Gudmundsson, A., Gunnlaugsson, A., Hamlin, C., Hognadottir, T., Jonasson, K., Jonsson, S., Jorgensen, S., Klonowski, A., Marshall, B., McPhie, J., Moore, J.G., Olafsson, E., Onstag, S., Perez, V., Prause, S., Snorasson, S., Türke, A., White, J., and Zimanowski, B., 2019, SUSTAIN drilling at Surtsey volcano, Iceland, tracks hydrothermal and microbiological interactions in 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These losses are due to a number of factors—including parasites, pesticides, and pathogens—but one key driver is the loss of habitat and floral resources necessary for pollinator survival. Here, we trace how land-use changes, and the policies and land management practices behind them, have played a role in diminishing floral resources and provide steps that can be taken to mitigate forage and habitat loss due to land-use changes. By addressing land-use changes and their drivers, considerable progress can be made toward mitigating bee declines and achieving national goals for pollinator health.
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Addressing land-use changes can mitigate bee declines: Land Use Policy, v. 87, 104005, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.05.024.","productDescription":"104005, 8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-101925","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":367064,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alberta, Iowa, Manitoba, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, Saskatchewan, South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Prairie Pothole Region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.4716796875,\n 42.09822241118974\n ],\n [\n -93.515625,\n 44.465151013519616\n ],\n [\n -95.2734375,\n 46.9502622421856\n ],\n [\n -98.61328125,\n 51.20688339486559\n ],\n [\n -101.6015625,\n 52.72298552457069\n ],\n [\n -105.9521484375,\n 55.10351605801967\n ],\n [\n -115.75195312499999,\n 55.727110085045986\n ],\n [\n -114.47753906249999,\n 49.439556958940855\n ],\n [\n -112.8515625,\n 48.545705491847464\n ],\n [\n -101.6455078125,\n 47.81315451752768\n ],\n [\n -99.7998046875,\n 44.08758502824516\n ],\n [\n -93.515625,\n 41.934976500546604\n ],\n [\n -93.4716796875,\n 42.09822241118974\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"87","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Durant, Jennie","contributorId":218626,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Durant","given":"Jennie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36942,"text":"University of California, Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":769713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Otto, Clint 0000-0002-7582-3525 cotto@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7582-3525","contributorId":5426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otto","given":"Clint","email":"cotto@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":769712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70203874,"text":"70203874 - 2019 - Inundation, flow dynamics, and damage in the 9 January 2018 Montecito Debris-Flow Event, California, USA: Opportunities and challenges for post-wildfire risk assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-27T22:22:37.185745","indexId":"70203874","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-07T14:26:34","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inundation, flow dynamics, and damage in the 9 January 2018 Montecito Debris-Flow Event, California, USA: Opportunities and challenges for post-wildfire risk assessment","docAbstract":"Shortly before the beginning of the winter rainy season, one of the largest fires in California history (Thomas Fire) substantially increased the susceptibility of steep slopes in Santa Barbara and Ventura Counties to debris flows. On January 9, 2018, before the fire was fully contained, an intense burst of rain fell on the portion of the burn area above Montecito, CA. The rainfall and associated runoff triggered a series of debris flows that mobilized approximately 680,000 m3 of sediment (including boulders >4 m) at velocities up to 4 m/s down urbanized alluvial fans. The resulting destruction (including 23 fatalities, at least 167 injuries, and 408 damaged homes) underscores the need for improved understanding of debris-flow runout in the built environment, and the need for a comprehensive framework to assess the potential loss from debris flows following wildfire. We present observations of the inundation, debris-flow dynamics, and damage from the event. The data include field measurements of flow depth and deposit characteristics made 12 days after the event (before ephemeral features of the deposits were lost to recovery operations); an inventory of building damage; estimates of flow velocity; information on flow timing; soil-hydrologic properties; and post-event imagery and lidar. Together, these data provide rare spatial and dynamic constraints for testing debris-flow runout models, which are needed for advancing post-fire debris-flow hazard assessments. Our analysis also outlines a framework for translating the results of these models into estimates of economic loss based on an adaptation of the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s Hazus model for tsunamis.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES02048.1","usgsCitation":"Kean, J.W., Staley, D.M., Lancaster, J.T., Rengers, F.K., Swanson, B.J., Coe, J.A., Hernandez, J., Sigman, A., Allstadt, K.E., and Lindsay, D.N., 2019, Inundation, flow dynamics, and damage in the 9 January 2018 Montecito Debris-Flow Event, California, USA: Opportunities and challenges for post-wildfire risk assessment: Geosphere, v. 15, no. 4, p. 1140-1163, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02048.1.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"1140","endPage":"1163","ipdsId":"IP-104196","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467550,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges02048.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":364793,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Montecito","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.67772179339622,\n 34.45555139540258\n ],\n [\n -119.67772179339622,\n 34.39725512765119\n ],\n [\n -119.53987106988663,\n 34.39725512765119\n ],\n [\n -119.53987106988663,\n 34.45555139540258\n ],\n [\n -119.67772179339622,\n 34.45555139540258\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-06-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kean, Jason W. 0000-0003-3089-0369 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T.","contributorId":216333,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lancaster","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":12640,"text":"California Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rengers, Francis K. 0000-0002-1825-0943 frengers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1825-0943","contributorId":150422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rengers","given":"Francis","email":"frengers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Swanson, Brian J.","contributorId":216334,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swanson","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12640,"text":"California Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Coe, Jeffrey A. 0000-0002-0842-9608 jcoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0842-9608","contributorId":1333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coe","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jcoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hernandez, Janis","contributorId":216335,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hernandez","given":"Janis","affiliations":[{"id":12640,"text":"California Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sigman, Aaron 0000-0001-5756-4956","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5756-4956","contributorId":216336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sigman","given":"Aaron","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Allstadt, Kate E. 0000-0003-4977-5248 kallstadt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4977-5248","contributorId":167684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allstadt","given":"Kate","email":"kallstadt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":764542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Lindsay, Donald N.","contributorId":216337,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindsay","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":12640,"text":"California Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70202987,"text":"70202987 - 2019 - Screen-printed soft capacitive sensors for spatial mapping of both positive and negative pressures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-23T13:27:45","indexId":"70202987","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-06T13:39:32","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5827,"text":"Advanced Functional Materials","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Screen-printed soft capacitive sensors for spatial mapping of both positive and negative pressures","docAbstract":"Soft pressure sensors are one class of the essential devices for robotics and wearable device applications. Despite the tremendous progress, sensors that can reliably detect both positive and negative pressures have not yet been demonstrated. In this paper, we report a soft capacitive pressure sensor made using a convenient and low-cost screen-printing process that can reliably detect both positive and negative pressures from −60 kPa to 20 kPa. The sensor is made with an Ecoflex-0030 dielectric layer, conductive and stretchable poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) (with ionic additives) electrodes and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) encapsulation layers. Air gaps are designed and incorporated into the dielectric layer to significantly enhance the sample deformation and pressure response especially to negative pressure. The sensor exhibits repeatable response for thousands of cycles, even under bending or stretching conditions. Lastly, to demonstrate the practical application, a 12×12-pixel sensor array that can automatically measure both positive and negative pressure distributions has been reported under −20 kPa and 10 kPa.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/adfm.201809116","usgsCitation":"Shi, H., Al-Rubaiai, M., Holbrook, C., Miao, J., Pinto, T., Wang, C., and Tan, X., 2019, Screen-printed soft capacitive sensors for spatial mapping of both positive and negative pressures: Advanced Functional Materials, v. 29, no. 23, Article 1809116, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201809116.","productDescription":"Article 1809116","ipdsId":"IP-106197","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":362916,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"23","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-04-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shi, Hongyang 0000-0003-4135-3673","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4135-3673","contributorId":214760,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shi","given":"Hongyang","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":760711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Al-Rubaiai, Mohammed","contributorId":214761,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Al-Rubaiai","given":"Mohammed","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":760712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holbrook, Christopher M. 0000-0001-8203-6856 cholbrook@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8203-6856","contributorId":139681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holbrook","given":"Christopher","email":"cholbrook@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miao, Jinshui","contributorId":214762,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miao","given":"Jinshui","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16979,"text":"University of Pennsylvania","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":760713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pinto, Thassyo","contributorId":214763,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pinto","given":"Thassyo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":760714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wang, Chuan","contributorId":214764,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Chuan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35028,"text":"Washington University in St. Louis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":760715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tan, Xiaobo 0000-0002-5542-6266","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5542-6266","contributorId":214765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tan","given":"Xiaobo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":760716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70203703,"text":"70203703 - 2019 - Effect of amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) on apparent survival of frogs and toads in the western USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-23T14:30:49.159198","indexId":"70203703","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-05T14:20:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Effect of amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) on apparent survival of frogs and toads in the western USA","title":"Effect of amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) on apparent survival of frogs and toads in the western USA","docAbstract":"Despite increasing interest in determining the population-level effects of emerging infectious diseases on wildlife, estimating effects of disease on survival rates remains difficult. Even for a well-studied disease such as amphibian chytridiomycosis (caused by the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis [Bd]), there are few estimates of how survival of wild hosts is affected. We applied hierarchical models to long-term capture-mark-recapture data (mean = 10.6 yrs, range = 6–15 yrs) from >5500 uniquely-marked individuals to estimate the effect of Bd on apparent survival of four threatened or endangered ranid frog species (Rana draytonii, R. muscosa, R. pretiosa, R. sierrae) at 14 study sites in California and Oregon (USA) and one bufonid toad (Anaxyrus boreas) at two study sites in Wyoming and Montana. Our models indicated that the presence of Bd on an individual reduced apparent survival of ranid frogs by ~6–15% depending on species and sex. The estimated difference between toads with and without Bd was 19% for the Montana population and 55% for the Wyoming population; however, the 95% Credible Interval of these estimates included zero. These results provide evidence for negative effects of Bd on survival in wild populations even in the absence of obvious die-offs. Determining what factors influence the magnitude of the effects of Bd on wildlife populations is an important next step toward identifying management actions. These estimates of Bd effects are important for understanding the extent and severity of disease, whether disease effects have changed over time, and for informing management actions.
Porosity is one of the most important parameters to assess in-place oil or gas in reservoirs, and to evaluate recovery from enhanced production operations. Since it is relatively well-established to determine porosity using different laboratory and field methods, its value is usually determined at many locations across a reservoir as part of the common practice to capture reservoir heterogeneity and the variability in values. This suite of measurements and the distribution of values are most valuable for probabilistic reservoir assessments, and for spatial modeling if the exact data locations are known.
Despite the importance of individual measurements to set the range of values for probabilistic studies, it is not always possible to access these data due to confidentiality. In most cases, commercial or publicly available databases that assessments may rely on usually report only mean values of porosity, like any other reservoir data, or they may not report a value at all. This makes both quantifying the mean value and the uncertainty around it difficult for probabilistic assessments.
In this study, the TORIS (Tertiary Oil Recovery Information System) dataset of the National Petroleum Council and the U.S. Department of Energy was used to model porosity and the uncertainty around predicted values. TORIS is an integrated dataset of production data, reservoir properties, and project databases of crude oil reservoirs in the United States. The model presented in the paper was based on ANCOVA (Analysis of Co-Variance) of data from 1038 reservoirs from the TORIS dataset for porosity prediction, validation and testing for quantitative and qualitative parameters that may be readily available in most cases, and to estimate uncertainty around the mean values. This model also explored association of porosity values to different parameters, and to different depositional systems and diagenetic overprint conditions. Furthermore, an ANN (Artificial Neural Network) model was created to compare the predicted values of both models. Results showed that the ANN model was able to represent more of the variability, however it lacked the insights that might be gained from the ANCOVA model.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.petrol.2019.05.071","usgsCitation":"Karacan, C.O., 2019, An ANCOVA model for porosity and its uncertainty for oil reservoirs based on TORIS dataset: Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2019.05.071.","productDescription":"24 p.","ipdsId":"IP-103341","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":364378,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":364371,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092041051930525X"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karacan, C. Ozgen 0000-0002-0947-8241","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0947-8241","contributorId":201991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karacan","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ozgen","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":763708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70228307,"text":"70228307 - 2019 - Discriminating among Pacific salmon, Rainbow Trout, and Atlantic Salmon species using common genetic screening methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-08T15:00:12.72192","indexId":"70228307","displayToPublicDate":"2019-06-01T08:43:14","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Discriminating among Pacific salmon, Rainbow Trout, and Atlantic Salmon species using common genetic screening methods","docAbstract":"The five most common species of Pacific salmon, Rainbow Trout (steelhead) Oncorhynchus spp., and Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar intermingle in the North Pacific Ocean and its freshwater tributaries. Efficient morphological methods for distinguishing among these species are sometimes limited by condition of the specimen (degraded or missing morphology), life history stage, or training of the observer. Researchers have successfully applied various genetic methods to distinguish among these species when morphological analyses are not possible, but they cannot easily incorporate these methods into standard fish and wildlife population monitoring analysis workflows. Here we test five 5′–3′ exonuclease (TaqMan) assays developed from mitochondrial genes and provide novel methods that take advantage of TaqMan output to distinguish among these species. We found that combinations of as few as two of the five assays were adequate to distinguish all species. TaqMan chemistry is designed to interrogate a single nucleotide locus. We also explore the basis for the variation in the observed scatter plot distributions (variation in florescent signals) and show that this variation is due to nucleotide diversity in and near the probe site. Because the SNPs underlying the assays developed here are all physically close to one another along the mitochondrial genome, the potential exists to develop a single DNA sequence-based assay to discriminate among salmon species. This single assay can be added to a genotyping-by-sequencing panel to identify and exclude nontarget species from analyses.
River to floodplain hydrologic connectivity is strongly enhanced by beaver- (Castor canadensis) engineered channel water diversions. The hydroecological impacts are wide ranging and generally positive, however, the hydrogeochemical characteristics of beaver-induced flowpaths have not been thoroughly examined. Using a suite of complementary ground- and drone-based heat tracing and remote sensing methodology we characterized the physical template of beaver-induced floodplain exchange for two alluvial mountain streams near Crested Butte, Colorado, USA. A flowpath-oriented perspective to water quality sampling allowed characterization of the chemical evolution of channel water diverted through floodplain beaver ponds and ultimately back to the channel in ‘beaver pond return flows’. Subsurface return flow seepages were universally suboxic, while ponds and surface return flows showed a range of oxygen concentration due to in-situ photosynthesis and atmospheric mixing. Median concentrations of reduced metals: manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), aluminum (Al), and arsenic (As) were substantially higher along beaver-induced flowpaths than in geologically controlled seepages and upstream main channel locations. The areal footprint of reduced return seepage flowpaths were imaged with surface electromagnetic methods, indicating extensive zones of high-conductivity shallow groundwater flowing back toward the main channels and emerging at relatively warm bank seepage zones observed with infrared. Multiple-depth redox dynamics within one focused seepage zone showed coupled variation over time, likely driven by observed changes in seepage rate that may be controlled by pond stage. High-resolution times series of dissolved Mn and Fe collected downstream of the beaver-impacted reaches demonstrated seasonal dynamics in mixed river metal concentrations. Al time series concentrations showed proportional change to Fe at the smaller stream location, indicating chemically reduced flowpaths were sourcing Al to the channel. Overall our results indicated beaver-induced floodplain exchanges create important, and perhaps dominant, transport pathways for floodplain metals by expanding chemically-reduced zones paired with strong advective exchange.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.371","usgsCitation":"Briggs, M., Wang, C., Day-Lewis, F., Williams, K.H., Dong, W., and Lane, J., 2019, Return flows from beaver ponds enhance floodplain-to-river metals exchange in alluvial mountain catchments: Science of the Total Environment, v. 685, p. 357-369, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.371.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"357","endPage":"369","ipdsId":"IP-108352","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467585,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1559257","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":364828,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Crested Butte","otherGeospatial":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Function Science Focus Area","volume":"685","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Briggs, Martin 0000-0003-3206-4132 mbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3206-4132","contributorId":216358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Martin","email":"mbriggs@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, Cheng-Hui 0000-0001-9508-7425","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9508-7425","contributorId":194062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Cheng-Hui","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Day-Lewis, Frederick 0000-0003-3526-886X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":216359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"Frederick","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Williams, Kenneth H. 0000-0002-3568-1155","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3568-1155","contributorId":176791,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dong, Wenming","contributorId":216360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dong","given":"Wenming","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36254,"text":"LBNL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":764620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lane, John","contributorId":216361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":764621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70216494,"text":"70216494 - 2019 - Protected areas lacking for many common fluvial fishes of the conterminous USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-23T16:00:15.362128","indexId":"70216494","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-29T09:54:34","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1399,"text":"Diversity and Distributions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Protected areas lacking for many common fluvial fishes of the conterminous USA","docAbstract":"To assess the effectiveness of protected areas in two catchment scales (local and network) in conserving regionally common fluvial fishes using modelled species distributions.
Conterminous United States.
A total of 150 species were selected that were geographically widespread, abundant, non‐habitat specialists and native within nine large ecoregions. Species distribution models were developed using boosted regression trees, and modelled distributions were assessed for protection status under two alternatives: lands strictly managed for biodiversity (Highly Restricted Use) and those allowing multiple uses (Multiple Use), with protection target levels (i.e., the amount of protected area required for protection) for local and network catchments being developed from ecoregion‐based urban and agricultural land use thresholds from fish responses.
Overall, less than 2% of fluvial catchments in the conterminous USA are meeting both local and network catchment protection target levels under the Highly Restricted Use alternative, whereas 16% of catchments met protection levels for the Multiple Use alternative, with protection largely concentrated in the western USA. For common native species distributions within ecoregions, only one species had >10% of streams meeting combined local and network catchment protection target levels under the Highly Restricted Use alternative, whereas 50 distributions (~14% of species distribution models) met this level under the Multiple Use alternative.
Even for fishes considered widespread and abundant, protection levels are lacking, particularly when considering only lands that are actively managed for biodiversity. Given the increasing intensification of anthropogenic activities and substantial uncertainty associated with climate change, considering the conservation status for all species, including those currently considered common, is warranted.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ddi.12937","usgsCitation":"Cooper, A.R., Tsang, Y., Infante, D.M., Daniel, W.M., McKerrow, A., and Wieferich, D.J., 2019, Protected areas lacking for many common fluvial fishes of the conterminous USA: Diversity and Distributions, v. 25, no. 8, p. 1289-1303, https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12937.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1289","endPage":"1303","ipdsId":"IP-101901","costCenters":[{"id":38128,"text":"Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460377,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12937","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437447,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9AHFPIN","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Ecoregion Based Aquatic Gap Distribution Models for Common Fluvial Fishes of the Conterminous 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Older and established programs such as the Audubon’s Christmas bird count and Community Collaborative Rain, Hail, and Snow Network (CoCoRaHS) have thousands of participants across decades of observations, while less mature citizen science projects have shorter lifespans often focused on local or regional observations with tens or hundreds of participants. For the latter, it can be difficult to transition into a more mature and sustainable citizen science-based research program. This paper focuses on this transition by evaluating CrowdHydrology (ca. 2010), a citizen science project that has transitioned from a regional to national network. It evaluates the data accuracy, citizen participation, and station popularity. The CrowdHydrology network asks citizens to send in text messages of water levels in streams and lakes, which has resulted in 16,294 observations submitted by over 8,000 unique participants at 120 unique locations. Using water level data and participation records from CrowdHydrology, we analyze the expansion and citizen participation from a regional to national citizen science network. We identify barriers to participation and evaluate why some citizen science observation stations are popular while others are not. We explore our chosen contributory program model for CrowdHydrology and the influence this model has had on long-term participation. Results demonstrate a highly variable rate of contributions of citizen scientists. This paper proposes hypotheses on why many of our observations are from one-time participants and why some monitoring stations are more popular than others. Finally, we address the future expansion of the CrowdHydrology network by evaluating successful monitoring locations and growing interest of watershed groups to expand the network of gauges.","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers in Earth Science","doi":"10.3389/feart.2019.00128","usgsCitation":"Lowry, C., Fienen, M.N., Hall, D.M., and Stepenuck, K., 2019, Growing pains of crowdsourced stream stage monitoring using mobile phones: The development of CrowdHydrology: Frontiers in Earth Science, v. 7, no. 128, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2019.00128.","productDescription":"10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-107829","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467589,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2019.00128","text":"Publisher Index 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Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":763318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stepenuck, Kristine","contributorId":215881,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stepenuck","given":"Kristine","affiliations":[{"id":13253,"text":"University of Vermont","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":763319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70203634,"text":"70203634 - 2019 - Evidence for frequent, large tsunamis spanning locked and creeping parts of the Aleutian megathrust","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-18T12:15:37","indexId":"70203634","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-27T15:00:09","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for frequent, large tsunamis spanning locked and creeping parts of the Aleutian megathrust","docAbstract":"At the eastern end of the 1957 Andreanof Islands magnitude-8.6 earthquake rupture, Driftwood Bay (Umnak Island) and Stardust Bay (Sedanka Island) lie along presently locked and creeping parts of the Aleutian megathrust, respectively, based on satellite geodesy onshore. Both bays, located 200-km apart, face the Aleutian trench and harbor coastal evidence for tsunami inundation in 1957. Here we describe the evidence at Driftwood Bay, including eight sheets of landward-fining, normally-graded marine sand that extend up to 375-m inland and 23 m above mean tide level. Drift logs that corroborate historical accounts of 1957 tsunami runup on Umnak Island’s Pacific coast overlie the youngest sand sheet, which 137Cs activity shows was deposited in the decade before 1963. The older sand sheets probably record tsunamis prior to 1957 because an emergent coastal terrace lacks evidence for storm-wave erosion and overwash since ~2 ka. Comparisons of the Driftwood Bay and Stardust Bay tsunami histories suggest that at least twice in the past 1700 years inundation occurred at one site but not the other. In contrast, Bayesian age-depth modeling suggests that the two bays may record five tsunamis like the 1957 tsunami, generated by earthquake ruptures that spanned the presently locked and creeping parts of the Aleutian megathrust. However, serial tsunamis occurring within days to centuries cannot be precluded. Our findings imply 164–257-year recurrence intervals for large eastern Aleutian tsunamis and challenge the notion that creeping parts of the megathrust inferred from geodesy onshore pose lower earthquake and tsunami hazards than locked areas.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B32031.1","usgsCitation":"Witter, R., Briggs, R.W., Engelhart, S.E., Gelfenbaum, G.R., Koehler, R.D., Nelson, A.R., La Selle, S., Corbett, R., and Wallace, K.L., 2019, Evidence for frequent, large tsunamis spanning locked and creeping parts of the Aleutian megathrust: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 131, no. 5-6, p. 707-729, https://doi.org/10.1130/B32031.1.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"707","endPage":"729","ipdsId":"IP-098611","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490057,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1290832","text":"External Repository"},{"id":437451,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9PFQGVC","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Alaska Tephra Data"},{"id":437450,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9D7KLJV","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Radiocarbon, Cesium-137, Grain Size, and X-ray Fluorescence Data for Tsunami Geology Investigation, Driftwood Bay, Umnak Island, Alaska (2018)"},{"id":364207,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"131","issue":"5-6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-11-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Witter, Robert C. 0000-0002-1721-254X rwitter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1721-254X","contributorId":4528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witter","given":"Robert C.","email":"rwitter@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":763345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Briggs, Richard W. 0000-0001-8108-0046 rbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8108-0046","contributorId":139002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Richard","email":"rbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":763346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Engelhart, Simon E.","contributorId":60104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engelhart","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6923,"text":"University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":763347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gelfenbaum, Guy R. 0000-0003-1291-6107 ggelfenbaum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1291-6107","contributorId":742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gelfenbaum","given":"Guy","email":"ggelfenbaum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":763348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Koehler, Richard D 0000-0003-0777-6939","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0777-6939","contributorId":215895,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koehler","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"D","affiliations":[{"id":16686,"text":"University of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":763349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nelson, Alan R. 0000-0001-7117-7098 anelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7117-7098","contributorId":812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Alan","email":"anelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":763350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"La Selle, SeanPaul 0000-0002-4500-7885 slaselle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4500-7885","contributorId":181565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"La Selle","given":"SeanPaul","email":"slaselle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":763351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Corbett, Reide","contributorId":140251,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Corbett","given":"Reide","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":763352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wallace, Kristi L. 0000-0002-0962-048X kwallace@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0962-048X","contributorId":3454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"Kristi","email":"kwallace@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":763353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70203683,"text":"70203683 - 2019 - Development and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite markers in Northern Fulmar, Fulmarus glacialis (Procellariformes), and cross-species amplification in eight other seabirds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-29T11:48:03","indexId":"70203683","displayToPublicDate":"2019-05-27T10:07:50","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5837,"text":"Genes and Genomics","onlineIssn":"2092-9293","printIssn":"1976-9571","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Development and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite markers in Northern Fulmar, Fulmarus glacialis (Procellariformes), and cross-species amplification in eight other seabirds","title":"Development and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite markers in Northern Fulmar, Fulmarus glacialis (Procellariformes), and cross-species amplification in eight other seabirds","docAbstract":"In the North Pacific, northern fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis) forms extensive colonies in few locales, which may lead to limited gene flow and locale-specific population threats. In the Atlantic, there are thousands of colonies of varying sizes and in Europe the species is considered threatened. Prior screens and classical microsatellite development in fulmar failed to provide a suite of markers adequate for population genetics studies.
The objective of this study was to isolate a suite of polymorphic microsatellite loci with sufficient variability to quantify levels of gene flow, population affinity, and identify familial relationships in fulmar. We also performed a cross-species screening of these markers in eight other species.
We used shotgun sequencing to isolate 26 novel microsatellite markers in fulmar to screen for variability using individuals from two distinct regions: the Pacific (Chagulak Island, Alaska) and the Atlantic (Hafnarey Island, Iceland).
Polymorphism was present in 24 loci in Chagulak and 23 in Hafnarey, while one locus failed to amplify in either colony. Polymorphic loci exhibited moderate levels of genetic diversity and this suite of loci uncovered genetic structuring between the regions. Among the other species screened, polymorphism was present in one to seven loci.
The loci yielded sufficient variability for use in population studies and estimation of familial relationships; as few as five loci provide resolution to determine individual identity. These markers will allow further insight into the global population dynamics and phylogeography of fulmars. We also demonstrated some markers are transferable to other species.
Atrazine is presently one of the most abundantly used herbicides in the United States, and a common contaminant of natural water bodies and drinking waters in high-use areas. Dysregulation of reproductive processes has been demonstrated in atrazine exposed fish, including alteration of key endocrine pathways on hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. However, the potential for atrazine-induced transgenerational inheritance of reproductive effects in fish has not been investigated. The present study examined the effects of early developmental atrazine exposure on transgenerational reproductive dysregulation in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). F0 medaka were exposed to atrazine (ATZ, 5 or 50 μg/L), 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2, 0.002 or 0.05 μg/L), or solvent control during the first twelve days of development with no subsequent exposure over three generations. This exposure overlapped with the critical developmental window for embryonic germ cell development, gonadogenesis, and sex determination. Exposed males and females of the F0 generation were bred to produce an F1 generation, and this was continued until the F2 generation. Sperm count and motility were not affected in F0 males; however, both parameters were significantly reduced in the males from F2 Low EE2 (0.002 μg/L), Low ATZ (5 μg/L), and High ATZ (50 μg/L) lineages. Fecundity was unaffected by atrazine or EE2 in F0 through F2 generations; however, fertilization rate was decreased in low atrazine and EE2 exposure lineages in the F2 generation. There were significant transgenerational differences in expression of the genes involved in steroidogenesis and DNA methylation. These results suggest that although early life exposure to atrazine did not cause significant phenotypes in the directly exposed F0 generation, subsequent generations of fish were at greater risk of reproductive dysfunction.
Inversion of airborne electromagnetic (AEM) data is an under-determined inverse problem, in that infinitely many resistivity models exist that will be able to explain the observed data, within measurement errors. Therefore, additional information or constraints must be taken into account to solve the inverse problem. In deterministic approaches, the goal is to locate one optimal model that can be obtained by using some form of smoothness constraints implied through a number of regularization choices. This model, however, will not necessarily represent realistic geological features. Probabilistic methods offer an alternative in which the solution is not one model, but a collection of models, whose variability represents the uncertainty. The probabilistic approach can also rely on implicit model assumptions, representing prior information (a type of regularization information) that may or may not be consistent with the actual available information. Here, we present an approach for AEM inversion in which the prior model is explicitly chosen by a user, preferably selected based on actual prior information available and then integrated with AEM data using a general Monte Carlo based sampling approach. This approach leads to a new workflow to AEM inversion in which geological prior information is independently and explicitly chosen before inversion is carried out. The main benefit of this approach is that each model obtained will, by construction, be consistent with prior (geological) information as well as geophysical data. Through examples based on synthetic and real AEM data, we will demonstrate the methodology, not least that the choice of prior information cannot be avoided: Either it is done explicitly, or it will be chosen implicitly by the choice of method used to invert the AEM data.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/gji/ggz230","usgsCitation":"Hansen, T.M., and Minsley, B.J., 2019, Inversion of airborne EM data with an explicit choice of prior model: Geophysical Journal International, v. 218, no. 2, p. 1348-1366, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz230.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1348","endPage":"1366","ipdsId":"IP-106050","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467607,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/731bd10f-dcc4-4142-a377-2f42a561b2c9","text":"External Repository"},{"id":382276,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"218","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-05-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, Thomas Mejer","contributorId":199735,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hansen","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"Mejer","affiliations":[{"id":27198,"text":"Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Minsley, Burke J. 0000-0003-1689-1306 bminsley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1689-1306","contributorId":697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minsley","given":"Burke","email":"bminsley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}