Measurements of optical properties have been used for decades to study particle distributions in the ocean. They are useful for estimating suspended mass concentration as well as particle-related properties such as size, composition, packing (particle porosity or density), and settling velocity. Measurements of optical properties are, however, biased, as certain particles, because of their size, composition, shape, or packing, contribute to a specific property more than others. Here, we study this issue both theoretically and practically, and we examine different optical properties collected simultaneously in a bottom boundary layer to highlight the utility of such measurements. We show that the biases we are likely to encounter using different optical properties can aid our studies of suspended sediment. In particular, we investigate inferences of settling velocity from vertical profiles of optical measurements, finding that the effects of aggregation dynamics can seldom be ignored.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/app8122692","usgsCitation":"Boss, E., Sherwood, C.R., Hill, P., and Milligan, T., 2018, Advantages and limitations to the use of optical measurements to study sediment properties: MDPI - Applied Sciences, v. 8, no. 12, p. 1-19, https://doi.org/10.3390/app8122692.","productDescription":"Article 2692; 19 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"19","ipdsId":"IP-101408","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468429,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app8122692","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":360485,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-12-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c1a1533e4b0708288c23532","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boss, Emmanuel","contributorId":211608,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boss","given":"Emmanuel","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":754504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sherwood, Christopher R. 0000-0001-6135-3553 csherwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6135-3553","contributorId":2866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherwood","given":"Christopher","email":"csherwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hill, Paul","contributorId":211609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hill","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38273,"text":"Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":754505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Milligan, Tim","contributorId":211610,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Milligan","given":"Tim","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38273,"text":"Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":754506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70201135,"text":"70201135 - 2018 - Patterns of host-associated fecal indicators driven by hydrology, precipitation, and land use attributes in Great Lakes watersheds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-03T10:40:21","indexId":"70201135","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-07T10:40:14","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Patterns of host-associated fecal indicators driven by hydrology, precipitation, and land use attributes in Great Lakes watersheds","docAbstract":"Fecal contamination from sewage and agricultural runoff is a pervasive problem in Great Lakes watersheds. Most work examining fecal pollution loads relies on discrete samples of fecal indicators and modeling land use. In this study, we made empirical measurements of human and ruminant-associated fecal indicator bacteria and combined these with hydrological measurements in eight watersheds ranging from predominantly forested to highly urbanized. Flow composited river samples were collected over low-flow (n = 89) and rainfall or snowmelt runoff events (n = 130). Approximately 90% of samples had evidence of human fecal pollution, with highest loads from urban watersheds. Ruminant indicators were found in ∼60–100% of runoff-event samples in agricultural watersheds, with concentrations and loads related to cattle density. Rain depth, season, agricultural tile drainage, and human or cattle density explained variability in daily flux of human or ruminant indicators. Mapping host-associated indicator loads to watershed discharge points sheds light on the type, level, and possible health risk from fecal pollution entering the Great Lakes and can inform total maximum daily load implementation and other management practices to target specific fecal pollution sources.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.8b01945","usgsCitation":"Dila, D.K., Corsi, S., Lenaker, P.L., Baldwin, A.K., Bootsma, M.J., and McLellan, S.L., 2018, Patterns of host-associated fecal indicators driven by hydrology, precipitation, and land use attributes in Great Lakes watersheds: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 52, no. 20, p. 11500-11509, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b01945.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"11500","endPage":"11509","ipdsId":"IP-084279","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468430,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6437017","text":"External Repository"},{"id":437765,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7VX0DRH","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Regression models and associated data for describing variability of host specific bacteria fluxes in eight Great Lakes tributaries, 2011-2013"},{"id":359866,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"20","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c064ee3e4b0815414cecb0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dila, Deborah K.","contributorId":210966,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dila","given":"Deborah","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":7200,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":752863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Corsi, Steven R. 0000-0003-0583-5536 srcorsi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0583-5536","contributorId":172002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corsi","given":"Steven R.","email":"srcorsi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lenaker, Peter L. 0000-0002-9469-6285 plenaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9469-6285","contributorId":5572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lenaker","given":"Peter","email":"plenaker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baldwin, Austin K. 0000-0002-6027-3823 akbaldwi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6027-3823","contributorId":4515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldwin","given":"Austin","email":"akbaldwi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bootsma, Melinda J.","contributorId":210967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bootsma","given":"Melinda","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7200,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":752865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McLellan, Sandra L. 0000-0003-3283-1151","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-1151","contributorId":210968,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McLellan","given":"Sandra","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7200,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":752866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70201057,"text":"70201057 - 2018 - Drought and land-cover conditions in the Great Plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-27T10:14:50","indexId":"70201057","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-07T10:14:45","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1421,"text":"Earth Interactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Drought and land-cover conditions in the Great Plains","docAbstract":"Land–atmosphere interactions play a critical role in the Earth system, and a better understanding of these interactions could improve weather and climate models. The interaction among drought, vegetation productivity, and land cover is of particular significance. In a semiarid environment, such as the U.S. Great Plains, droughts can have a large influence on the productivity of agriculture and grasslands, with serious environmental and economic impacts. Here, we used the vegetation drought response index (VegDRI) drought indicator to investigate the response of vegetation to weather and climate for land-cover types in the Great Plains in the United States from 1989 to 2012. We found that analysis that focused on land-cover types within ecoregion divisions provided substantially more and land-cover-based detail on the timing and intensity of drought than did summarizing across the entire Great Plains region. In the northern Great Plains, VegDRI measured more frequent drought impacts on vegetation in the western ecoregions than in the eastern ecoregions. Across the ecoregions of the Great Plains, drought impacts on vegetation were more commonly found in grassland than in cropland. For example, in the “Northwestern Great Plains” ecoregion (which encompasses areas of Montana, Wyoming, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Nebraska), grassland and nonirrigated cropland were observed in VegDRI to have historical fractional drought coverages in the growing season of 17% and 11%, respectively.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/EI-D-17-0025.1","usgsCitation":"Tollerud, H.J., Brown, J.F., Loveland, T., Mahmood, R., and Bliss, N.B., 2018, Drought and land-cover conditions in the Great Plains: Earth Interactions, v. 22, p. 1-25, https://doi.org/10.1175/EI-D-17-0025.1.","productDescription":"Paper no. 17; 25 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"25","ipdsId":"IP-096098","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468431,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/ei-d-17-0025.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":359700,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Plains","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-102.04224,36.993083],[-102.051614,41.002377],[-111.046723,40.997959],[-111.049216,44.435811],[-111.366723,44.738361],[-111.480393,44.70919],[-111.469185,44.552044],[-112.258665,44.569516],[-112.387389,44.448058],[-112.749011,44.491233],[-112.844859,44.358221],[-113.134824,44.752763],[-113.455071,44.865424],[-113.802955,45.592631],[-114.015633,45.696127],[-114.345019,45.459916],[-114.559038,45.565706],[-114.422963,45.855381],[-114.527096,46.146218],[-114.322912,46.642938],[-114.76689,46.696901],[-115.294785,47.220914],[-115.731348,47.433381],[-115.72377,47.696671],[-116.049153,47.999923],[-116.049193,49.000912],[-97.229039,49.000687],[-97.116185,48.709348],[-97.145243,48.174046],[-96.854812,47.606328],[-96.774763,46.607461],[-96.557952,46.102442],[-96.612512,45.794442],[-96.82616,45.654164],[-96.452315,45.208986],[-96.453049,43.500415],[-96.591213,43.500514],[-96.439335,43.113916],[-96.630311,42.770885],[-96.396107,42.484095],[-96.272901,42.047281],[-96.129186,41.965136],[-96.081843,41.580407],[-95.850188,41.184798],[-95.885349,40.721093],[-95.41932,40.048442],[-94.916918,39.836138],[-95.113077,39.559133],[-94.615834,39.160003],[-94.617919,36.499414],[-94.431822,35.397652],[-94.485528,33.663388],[-94.386086,33.544923],[-94.070395,33.574561],[-94.0427,32.056012],[-93.523248,31.037842],[-93.765822,30.333318],[-93.702436,30.112721],[-93.922744,29.818808],[-93.852868,29.675885],[-94.731047,29.369141],[-94.532348,29.5178],[-94.767246,29.525523],[-94.724616,29.774766],[-94.965963,29.70033],[-94.894234,29.338],[-95.16525,29.113566],[-94.73132,29.338066],[-94.803695,29.279237],[-96.341617,28.417334],[-95.983106,28.641942],[-96.221784,28.580364],[-96.287942,28.683164],[-96.473694,28.57324],[-96.664534,28.696904],[-96.481836,28.407844],[-96.790235,28.383926],[-96.898123,28.152881],[-97.21535,28.076575],[-97.040618,28.028708],[-97.183455,27.833231],[-97.354614,27.849572],[-97.296598,27.613947],[-97.399398,27.344735],[-97.640111,27.270943],[-97.485149,27.250841],[-97.552325,26.867633],[-97.145567,25.971132],[-97.36542,25.849826],[-99.110855,26.426278],[-99.452316,27.062669],[-99.556812,27.614336],[-99.841708,27.766464],[-100.280518,28.267969],[-100.785521,29.228137],[-101.441059,29.753451],[-102.341033,29.869305],[-102.698347,29.695591],[-103.107811,29.013812],[-103.427754,29.042334],[-104.46652,29.609296],[-104.924796,30.604832],[-106.602045,31.844405],[-106.599096,32.000731],[-103.088698,32.000453],[-103.002199,37.000104],[-102.04224,36.993083]]],[[[-97.240849,26.411504],[-97.383531,26.875521],[-97.366771,27.333276],[-96.946988,28.026522],[-96.403206,28.371475],[-96.929053,27.99044],[-97.276091,27.472145],[-97.370731,26.909706],[-97.161471,26.088705],[-97.240849,26.411504]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Kansas\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"22","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bfe65e2e4b0815414ca60f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tollerud, Heather J. 0000-0001-9507-4456","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9507-4456","contributorId":210820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tollerud","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Jesslyn F. 0000-0002-9976-1998 jfbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9976-1998","contributorId":176609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Jesslyn","email":"jfbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas 0000-0003-3114-6646","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":202518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":752114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mahmood, Rezaul","contributorId":210821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mahmood","given":"Rezaul","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38153,"text":"Department of Geography and Geology and Kentucky Climate Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":752115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bliss, Norman B. 0000-0003-2409-5211 bliss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2409-5211","contributorId":1921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bliss","given":"Norman","email":"bliss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70241566,"text":"70241566 - 2018 - Spatial sampling bias in the Neotoma paleoecological archives affects species paleo-distribution models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-23T14:10:11.687985","indexId":"70241566","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-07T09:08:31","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":13627,"text":"Journal of Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Spatial sampling bias in the Neotoma paleoecological archives affects species paleo-distribution models","title":"Spatial sampling bias in the Neotoma paleoecological archives affects species paleo-distribution models","docAbstract":"The ability to infer paleo-distributions with limited knowledge of absence makes species distribution modeling (SDM) a useful tool for exploring paleobiogeographic questions. Spatial sampling bias is a known issue when modeling extant species. Here we quantify the spatial sampling bias in a North American packrat midden archive and explore its impact on estimating paleo-distributions. We test whether (1) spatial sampling bias inherent in this macrofossil record can influence estimates of paleo-distributions, (2) this bias can alter the ability to measure shifts in distributions and climatic niche breadth from the Northgrippian subdivision of the Holocene (8.3 ka – 4.2 ka) to present day (1950–2000 yr), and (3) bias correction methods can improve estimates of paleo-distributions and analyses of range shifts and niche breadth. We estimate spatial sampling bias for the mid-Holocene period with a three-stage statistical model, each representing a hypothesized source of bias: fossil site availability, preservation and accessibility. This approach enables the use of SDM to evaluate three separate paleo-distributions calibrated on the packrat midden archive: those without bias correction (σ-naïve), those created with a standard method (σ-standard), and those created with a novel alternative (σ-modeled) incorporating the three-stage model of bias. We find that paleo-distributions modeled for the mid-Holocene without bias correction (σ-naïve) provided poor estimates of hindcast paleo-distributions, and that the σ-modeled correction method improved paleo-distributions for our six species with, on average, 50% higher overlap to hindcast distributions than σ-naïve paleo-distributions (σ-standard results fell between σ-naïve and σ-modeled).
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.08.015","usgsCitation":"Inman, R.D., Franklin, J., Esque, T., and Nussear, K.E., 2018, Spatial sampling bias in the Neotoma paleoecological archives affects species paleo-distribution models: Journal of Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 198, p. 115-125, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.08.015.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"115","endPage":"125","ipdsId":"IP-100974","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468432,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.08.015","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437766,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9843JFT","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Spatial predictions of habitat suitability for present-day (1950 - 2000 yr) and mid-Holocene (8.3 ka - 4.2 ka) time intervals"},{"id":414613,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"198","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Inman, Richard D. 0000-0002-1982-7791 rdinman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1982-7791","contributorId":187754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Inman","given":"Richard","email":"rdinman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Franklin, Janet","contributorId":192373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Franklin","given":"Janet","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Esque, Todd 0000-0002-4166-6234 tesque@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4166-6234","contributorId":195896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nussear, Kenneth E.","contributorId":117361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nussear","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16686,"text":"University of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":867345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70198107,"text":"sir20185087 - 2018 - Tidal flushing of mercury from the Bremerton Naval Complex through the PSNS015 stormwater drain system to Sinclair Inlet, Kitsap County, Washington, 2011 -12","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-07T16:38:05","indexId":"sir20185087","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-07T08:27:21","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-5087","title":"Tidal flushing of mercury from the Bremerton Naval Complex through the PSNS015 stormwater drain system to Sinclair Inlet, Kitsap County, Washington, 2011 -12","docAbstract":"The sediments of Sinclair Inlet, in Puget Sound, Washington, have elevated levels of contaminants including mercury. The Bremerton Naval Complex is adjacent to Sinclair Inlet, and has known areas of historical soil mercury contamination. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Navy, has been investigating the potential for mercury sources on the Bremerton Naval Complex to recontaminate recently remediated marine sediment. In 2011–12, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted three tidal- related sampling campaigns to characterize mercury dynamics in the largest stormwater drain system on the Bremerton Naval Complex, which passes through the soils of an area known as Site 2 that has elevated soil mercury concentrations. The sampling campaigns confirmed that the stormwater drain system, PSNS015, serves as a conduit for seawater transport more than 250 m landward of the contaminated soils that subsequently facilitates mercury transport to Sinclair Inlet.
During the December 2011 reconnaissance sampling campaign, no freshwater source of mercury to PSNS015 was identified. There was heavy precipitation preceding and stormwater runoff generated during the reconnaissance survey, which suggests that the primary source of mercury in PSNS015 is not precipitation-induced. During the May 2012 spring-tide sampling campaign, the water in PSNS015 drained to Sinclair Inlet during a negative low tide, and the highest filtered total mercury concentration in the stormwater drain system (60 ng/L) was measured during the lower-low tide in the freshwater flowing into the seaward-most stormwater drain vault from either up-pipe or local groundwater intrusion. Similar conditions were not observed during the June 2012 companion neap-tide sampling campaign, when the water-level elevation of the positive low tide in Sinclair Inlet dropped only slightly below the stormwater drain vault elevation, the water in the seaward-most stormwater vault was brackish rather than fresh, and the filtered total mercury concentration never exceeded 24 ng/L. Particulate total mercury concentrations and dynamics during the spring- and neap-tide sampling campaigns were variable, with higher concentrations (as much as 133 ng/L) measured throughout the neap-tide study compared to those measured during the spring-tide study (as much as 4.34 ng/L). The highest filtered total mercury concentration of all sampling campaigns (1,140 ng/L) was measured during ebb tide in a nearshore monitoring well that represents groundwater discharging from the contaminated soils directly to Sinclair Inlet along an unwalled part of the shoreline.
The results suggest that mercury extracted from Site 2 soils can be carried to Sinclair Inlet during ebb tides by at least two mechanisms: (1) through groundwater directly to Sinclair Inlet along an unwalled part of the shoreline or (2) through the stormwater drain system when the water level in Sinclair Inlet drops below the water level in the stormwater drain system. The data can be used to guide future modifications to the seawall and stormwater drain system that aim to hydraulically disconnect the stormwater drain system from the surrounding contaminated soils.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20185087","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Department of the Navy","usgsCitation":"Conn, K.E., Paulson, A.J., Dinicola, R.S., and DeWild, J.F., 2018, Tidal flushing of mercury from the Bremerton Naval Complex through the PSNS015 stormwater drain system to Sinclair Inlet, Kitsap County, Washington, 2011 -12: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018-5087, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185087.","productDescription":"vi, 23 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-097597","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357094,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5087/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":357095,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5087/sir20185087.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2018-5087"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Kitsap County","otherGeospatial":"Sinclair Inlet","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.86285400390624,\n 47.43737696208075\n ],\n [\n -122.178955078125,\n 47.43737696208075\n ],\n [\n -122.178955078125,\n 48.21003212234042\n ],\n [\n -122.86285400390624,\n 48.21003212234042\n ],\n [\n -122.86285400390624,\n 47.43737696208075\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Washington Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
934 Broadway, Suite 300
Tacoma, Washington 98402
Studying habitat overlap between sympatric species is one of the best ways to identify interspecies relationships and to direct conservation efforts so that multiple species can benefit. However, studies exploring interspecies relationships are very limited in Nepal, making it difficult for the government of Nepal and conservation partners to manage wildlife in their habitats, especially in Himalayan protected areas. In this study, we identified habitat overlap between Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) and red panda (Ailurus fulgens) as well as important habitat types for both species in the Makalu Barun National Park, Nepal using Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) modeling. GPS points of species occurrence were collected from the field, and environmental variables were extracted from freely available sources. We found that the study area contained 647 km2 of Asiatic black bear habitat and 443 km2 of the red panda habitat. 368 km2 supported both species, which constituted 57% of the Asiatic black bear habitat and 83% of the red panda habitat. We found that conifer forest was the most important habitat type for both species. Because the largest portions of both species’ habitat were located inside the buffer zone, a peripheral zone of national park, conservation efforts for these sympatric species should be focused inside the buffer zone to be most effective.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0203697","usgsCitation":"Bista, M., Panthi, S., and Weiskopf, S.R., 2018, Habitat overlap between Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus and red panda Ailurus fulgens in Himalaya: PLoS ONE, v. 13, no. 9, e0203697; 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0203697.","productDescription":"e0203697; 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-098076","costCenters":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36940,"text":"National Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468433,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0203697","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":357120,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Nepal","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 86.66015624999999,\n 27.408347455871425\n ],\n [\n 87.42095947265625,\n 27.408347455871425\n ],\n [\n 87.42095947265625,\n 27.982274659104082\n ],\n [\n 86.66015624999999,\n 27.982274659104082\n ],\n [\n 86.66015624999999,\n 27.408347455871425\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a267e4b0702d0e842e6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bista, Manjit","contributorId":207700,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bista","given":"Manjit","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37609,"text":"Ministry of Forests and Environment, Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation, Babarmahal, Kathmandu, Nepal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Panthi, Saroj","contributorId":207701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Panthi","given":"Saroj","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37610,"text":"Ministry of Forests and Environment, Department of Forests, Babarmahal, Kathmandu, Nepal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weiskopf, Sarah R. 0000-0002-5933-8191","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5933-8191","contributorId":207699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiskopf","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70199147,"text":"70199147 - 2018 - Experimental infection of Tadarida brasiliensis with Pseudogymnoascus destructans, the fungus that causes white-nose syndrome","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-29T16:53:02.854016","indexId":"70199147","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-06T13:29:13","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5160,"text":"mSphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Experimental infection of Tadarida brasiliensis with Pseudogymnoascus destructans, the fungus that causes white-nose syndrome","title":"Experimental infection of Tadarida brasiliensis with Pseudogymnoascus destructans, the fungus that causes white-nose syndrome","docAbstract":"White-nose syndrome (WNS) is causing significant declines in populations of North American hibernating bats, and recent western and southern expansions of the disease have placed additional species at risk. Understanding differences in species susceptibility and identifying management actions to reduce mortality of bats from WNS are top research priorities. However, the use of wild-caught susceptible bats, such as Myotis lucifugus, as model species for WNS research is problematic and places additional pressure on remnant populations. We investigated the feasibility of using Tadarida brasiliensis, a highly abundant species of bat that tolerates captivity, as the basis for an experimental animal model for WNS. Using methods previously established to confirm the etiology of WNS in M. lucifugus, we experimentally infected 11 T. brasiliensis bats with Pseudogymnoascus destructans in the laboratory under conditions that induced hibernation. We detected P. destructans on all 11 experimentally infected bats, 7 of which exhibited localized proliferation of hyphae within the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue, similar to invasive cutaneous ascomycosis observed in M. lucifugusbats with WNS. However, the distribution of lesions across wing membranes of T. brasiliensisbats was limited, and only one discrete “cupping erosion,” diagnostic for WNS, was identified. Thus, the rarity of lesions definitive for WNS suggests that T. brasiliensis does not likely represent an appropriate model for studying the pathophysiology of this disease. Nonetheless, the results of this study prompt questions concerning the potential for free-ranging, migratory T. brasiliensis bats to become infected with P. destructans and move the fungal pathogen between roost sites used by species susceptible to WNS.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/mSphere.00250-18","usgsCitation":"Verant, M., Meteyer, C.U., Stading, B., and Blehert, D.S., 2018, Experimental infection of Tadarida brasiliensis with Pseudogymnoascus destructans, the fungus that causes white-nose syndrome: mSphere, v. 3, no. 4, e00250-18; 10 p.; Data Release, https://doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00250-18.","productDescription":"e00250-18; 10 p.; Data Release","ipdsId":"IP-097559","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468434,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00250-18","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":357102,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":418633,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P93WAKH3","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"3","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a267e4b0702d0e842e70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Verant, Michelle 0000-0001-6994-6257","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6994-6257","contributorId":204269,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Verant","given":"Michelle","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meteyer, Carol U. 0000-0002-4007-3410 cmeteyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4007-3410","contributorId":127748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meteyer","given":"Carol","email":"cmeteyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"U.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stading, Benjamin","contributorId":207602,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stading","given":"Benjamin","affiliations":[{"id":37569,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, 2015 Linden Dr., Madison, Wisconsin 53706","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blehert, David S. 0000-0002-1065-9760 dblehert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1065-9760","contributorId":140397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blehert","given":"David","email":"dblehert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70217632,"text":"70217632 - 2018 - The 2015 landslide and tsunami in Taan Fiord, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-09T17:21:13.228908","indexId":"70217632","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-06T07:25:31","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 2015 landslide and tsunami in Taan Fiord, Alaska","docAbstract":"Glacial retreat in recent decades has exposed unstable slopes and allowed deep water to extend beneath some of those slopes. Slope failure at the terminus of Tyndall Glacier on 17 October 2015 sent 180 million tons of rock into Taan Fiord, Alaska. The resulting tsunami reached elevations as high as 193 m, one of the highest tsunami runups ever documented worldwide. Precursory deformation began decades before failure, and the event left a distinct sedimentary record, showing that geologic evidence can help understand past occurrences of similar events, and might provide forewarning. The event was detected within hours through automated seismological techniques, which also estimated the mass and direction of the slide - all of which were later confirmed by remote sensing. Our field observations provide a benchmark for modeling landslide and tsunami hazards. Inverse and forward modeling can provide the framework of a detailed understanding of the geologic and hazards implications of similar events. Our results call attention to an indirect effect of climate change that is increasing the frequency and magnitude of natural hazards near glaciated mountains.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","doi":"10.1038/s41598-018-30475-w","usgsCitation":"Higman, B., Shugar, D., Stark, C.P., Ekstrom, G., Koppes, M.N., Lynett, P., Dufresne, A., Haeussler, P., Geertsema, M., Gulick, S., Mattox, A., Venditti, J., Walton, M.A., McCall, N., Mckittrick, E., MacInnes, B., Bilderback, E.L., Tang, H., Willis, M., Richmond, B., Reece, B., Larsen, C.F., Olson, B., Capra, J., Ayca, A., Bloom, C.K., Williams, H., Bonno, D., Weiss, R., Keen, A., Skanavis, V., and Loso, M., 2018, The 2015 landslide and tsunami in Taan Fiord, Alaska: Scientific Reports, v. 8, 12993, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30475-w.","productDescription":"12993, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-086124","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468435,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30475-w","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382584,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Taan Fiord","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -141.32585164082457,\n 60.10258023840197\n ],\n [\n -141.27707019627314,\n 60.0587199982825\n ],\n [\n -141.1300840015059,\n 60.11697416040775\n ],\n [\n -141.1166049181431,\n 60.18278605978307\n ],\n [\n -141.18400033495777,\n 60.178636775039536\n ],\n [\n -141.32585164082457,\n 60.10258023840197\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Higman, Brentwood","contributorId":248377,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Higman","given":"Brentwood","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49876,"text":"Ground Truth Trekking","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shugar, Dan H. 0000-0002-6279-8420","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6279-8420","contributorId":224588,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shugar","given":"Dan H.","affiliations":[{"id":40894,"text":"University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stark, Colin P.","contributorId":224590,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stark","given":"Colin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":40896,"text":"Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ekstrom, Goran","contributorId":248378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ekstrom","given":"Goran","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49877,"text":"Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University Earth Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Koppes, Michele N","contributorId":248379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koppes","given":"Michele","email":"","middleInitial":"N","affiliations":[{"id":36972,"text":"University of British Columbia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lynett, Patrick","contributorId":196027,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lynett","given":"Patrick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dufresne, Anja 0000-0001-7777-3317","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7777-3317","contributorId":244608,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dufresne","given":"Anja","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48946,"text":"Aachen University, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":219956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Geertsema, Marten","contributorId":197464,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Geertsema","given":"Marten","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Gulick, Sean P.S. 0000-0003-4740-9068","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4740-9068","contributorId":139644,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gulick","given":"Sean P.S.","affiliations":[{"id":12811,"text":"Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas, Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Mattox, Andrew","contributorId":248380,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mattox","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49876,"text":"Ground Truth Trekking","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Venditti, Jeremy G. 0000-0002-2876-4251","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2876-4251","contributorId":197757,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Venditti","given":"Jeremy G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Walton, Maureen A. L. 0000-0001-8496-463X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8496-463X","contributorId":211025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walton","given":"Maureen","email":"","middleInitial":"A. L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"McCall, Naoma","contributorId":248381,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCall","given":"Naoma","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35910,"text":"University of Texas Institute for Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Mckittrick, Erin","contributorId":248395,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mckittrick","given":"Erin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49876,"text":"Ground Truth Trekking","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"MacInnes, Breanyn","contributorId":192477,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacInnes","given":"Breanyn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Bilderback, Eric L.","contributorId":224589,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bilderback","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":40895,"text":"National Park Service, Geologic Resources Division, Denver, CO, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Tang, Hui","contributorId":215352,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tang","given":"Hui","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Willis, Micheal 0000-0001-7872-770X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7872-770X","contributorId":248388,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Willis","given":"Micheal","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36627,"text":"University of Colorado, Boulder","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Richmond, Bruce","contributorId":248386,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Richmond","given":"Bruce","affiliations":[{"id":49880,"text":"USGS Pacific Coastal & Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Reece, Bobby","contributorId":248383,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reece","given":"Bobby","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Larsen, Christopher F.","contributorId":147408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larsen","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":6695,"text":"UAF","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Olson, Bjorn","contributorId":248387,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olson","given":"Bjorn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49876,"text":"Ground Truth Trekking","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Capra, James","contributorId":248382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Capra","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49878,"text":"NPS - Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Ayca, Aykut","contributorId":248384,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ayca","given":"Aykut","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47795,"text":"USC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Bloom, Colin K","contributorId":224586,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bloom","given":"Colin","email":"","middleInitial":"K","affiliations":[{"id":40892,"text":"Central Washington University Dept. of Geological Sciences, Ellensburg, WA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Williams, Haley","contributorId":248393,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Haley","affiliations":[{"id":36484,"text":"UBC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Bonno, Doug","contributorId":248394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bonno","given":"Doug","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49882,"text":"UW Tacoma","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"Weiss, Robert","contributorId":248385,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weiss","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29},{"text":"Keen, Adam","contributorId":248390,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keen","given":"Adam","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47795,"text":"USC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":30},{"text":"Skanavis, Vassilios","contributorId":248389,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skanavis","given":"Vassilios","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47795,"text":"USC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":31},{"text":"Loso, Micheal 0000-0001-8414-2310","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8414-2310","contributorId":248391,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loso","given":"Micheal","affiliations":[{"id":49881,"text":"NPS - Wrangell-St. Elias National Park & Preserve","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":32}]}} ,{"id":70208991,"text":"70208991 - 2018 - A 42 year inference of cloud base height trends in the Luquillo Mountains of northeastern Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-10T14:23:52","indexId":"70208991","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-05T14:21:56","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1249,"text":"Climate Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A 42 year inference of cloud base height trends in the Luquillo Mountains of northeastern Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"The Luquillo Mountains of eastern Puerto Rico are home to the only tropical rainforest\nmanaged by the United States Forest Service, with cloud-immersed forests historically occupying the highest elevations. However, within the past 50 yr, studies of the Luquillo cloud forest have suggested an increase in cloud base heights (CBH), although the CBH in the area was not quantified until recently. The present work uses radiosonde observations from nearby San Juan, Puerto Rico, to contextualize the present-day CBH within a 42 yr (1975−2016) proxy record and determine evidence for rising cloud base. Two key questions are addressed: (1) Can theoretical CBH calculations from San Juan provide a reasonable proxy for CBHs in the Luquillo Mountains? (2) Does a significant trend accompany the CBH lifting inferred from recent work in the region? The mean-layer lifted condensation level (MLLCL), a thermodynamic parameter expressing the altitude at which a rising air parcel reaches 100% relative humidity, serves as the proxy. The 42 yr MLLCL time series corroborates both the low CBHs claimed in the 1980s and the higher CBHs documented by recent work. When considering all available radiosonde data, statistically significant increasing CBH trends are detected for all seasons. However, when the record is standardized to correct for progressive vertical resolution improvements to radiosonde observations, recent CBH increases are more modest than initially indicated, and statistically significant increases are only apparent in the late rainfall season.","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research Science Center","doi":"10.3354/cr01529","usgsCitation":"Miller, P.W., Mote, T.L., Ramseyer, C., Van Beusekom, A.E., Scholl, M.A., and Gonzalez, G., 2018, A 42 year inference of cloud base height trends in the Luquillo Mountains of northeastern Puerto Rico: Climate Research, v. 76, no. 1, p. 87-94, https://doi.org/10.3354/cr01529.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"94","ipdsId":"IP-094568","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373074,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-65.3277,18.295843],[-65.337451,18.308308],[-65.327318,18.323666],[-65.342068,18.34529],[-65.335701,18.349535],[-65.329334,18.341955],[-65.321754,18.338316],[-65.309833,18.337973],[-65.304409,18.332054],[-65.298328,18.330529],[-65.255933,18.342117],[-65.221568,18.320959],[-65.222853,18.310464],[-65.249857,18.296691],[-65.260282,18.290823],[-65.283269,18.280214],[-65.3277,18.295843]]],[[[-67.89174,18.11397],[-67.887099,18.112574],[-67.87643,18.114157],[-67.869804,18.118851],[-67.861548,18.122144],[-67.848245,18.10832],[-67.843202,18.094858],[-67.843615,18.085099],[-67.845293,18.081938],[-67.853098,18.078195],[-67.865598,18.06544],[-67.871462,18.0578],[-67.895921,18.052342],[-67.904431,18.05913],[-67.918778,18.063116],[-67.927841,18.068572],[-67.940799,18.079716],[-67.934479,18.111306],[-67.932185,18.113221],[-67.91088,18.119668],[-67.89174,18.11397]]],[[[-65.308717,18.145172],[-65.302295,18.141089],[-65.294896,18.14283],[-65.287962,18.148097],[-65.275165,18.13443],[-65.276214,18.131936],[-65.283248,18.132999],[-65.296036,18.12799],[-65.322794,18.126589],[-65.327184,18.124106],[-65.338506,18.112439],[-65.342037,18.11138],[-65.350493,18.111914],[-65.364733,18.120377],[-65.397837,18.110873],[-65.399791,18.108832],[-65.411767,18.106211],[-65.423765,18.097764],[-65.426311,18.093749],[-65.45138,18.086096],[-65.45681,18.087778],[-65.465849,18.087715],[-65.468768,18.092643],[-65.47979,18.096352],[-65.507265,18.091646],[-65.524209,18.081977],[-65.542087,18.081177],[-65.558646,18.08566],[-65.569305,18.091616],[-65.570628,18.097325],[-65.57686,18.103224],[-65.575579,18.115669],[-65.546199,18.119329],[-65.511712,18.13284],[-65.489829,18.135912],[-65.46791,18.143767],[-65.437058,18.15766],[-65.399517,18.161935],[-65.371373,18.157517],[-65.334289,18.147761],[-65.313476,18.144296],[-65.308717,18.145172]]],[[[-66.438813,18.485713],[-66.420921,18.488639],[-66.410344,18.489886],[-66.394287,18.489748],[-66.377286,18.488044],[-66.37282,18.487726],[-66.349647,18.486335],[-66.337728,18.48562],[-66.315477,18.474724],[-66.31503,18.47468],[-66.291225,18.472347],[-66.283675,18.472203],[-66.276599,18.478129],[-66.269799,18.480281],[-66.258015,18.476906],[-66.251547,18.472464],[-66.241797,18.46874],[-66.220148,18.466],[-66.199032,18.466163],[-66.192664,18.466212],[-66.183886,18.460506],[-66.179218,18.455305],[-66.172315,18.451462],[-66.159796,18.451706],[-66.153037,18.454457],[-66.14395,18.459761],[-66.139572,18.462317],[-66.139451,18.462387],[-66.139443,18.462315],[-66.138532,18.453305],[-66.133085,18.445881],[-66.127938,18.444632],[-66.125198,18.451209],[-66.124284,18.456324],[-66.123188,18.45943],[-66.123343,18.460363],[-66.125015,18.470435],[-66.118338,18.469581],[-66.092098,18.466535],[-66.083254,18.462022],[-66.073987,18.4581],[-66.043272,18.453655],[-66.03944,18.454441],[-66.036559,18.450216],[-66.036491,18.450117],[-66.023221,18.443875],[-66.006523,18.444347],[-65.99718,18.449895],[-65.992935,18.457489],[-65.992793,18.458102],[-65.992349,18.460024],[-65.99079,18.460419],[-65.958492,18.451354],[-65.92567,18.444881],[-65.916843,18.444619],[-65.907756,18.446893],[-65.904988,18.450926],[-65.878683,18.438322],[-65.838825,18.431865],[-65.831476,18.426849],[-65.828457,18.423543],[-65.816691,18.410663],[-65.794556,18.402845],[-65.787666,18.402544],[-65.774937,18.413951],[-65.77053,18.41294],[-65.769749,18.409473],[-65.771695,18.406277],[-65.750455,18.385208],[-65.750179,18.38505],[-65.742154,18.380459],[-65.733567,18.382211],[-65.699069,18.368156],[-65.669636,18.362102],[-65.668845,18.361939],[-65.634431,18.369835],[-65.627246,18.376436],[-65.626527,18.381728],[-65.624975,18.386553],[-65.622761,18.387771],[-65.618229,18.386496],[-65.614891,18.382473],[-65.619068,18.367755],[-65.628198,18.353711],[-65.63419,18.338965],[-65.628047,18.328252],[-65.626456,18.298982],[-65.634389,18.292349],[-65.635826,18.288271],[-65.634893,18.283923],[-65.630833,18.264989],[-65.623111,18.248012],[-65.597618,18.234289],[-65.589947,18.228225],[-65.593795,18.224059],[-65.615981,18.227389],[-65.626731,18.235484],[-65.638181,18.229121],[-65.637565,18.224444],[-65.628414,18.205149],[-65.635281,18.199975],[-65.639688,18.205656],[-65.662185,18.207018],[-65.664127,18.207136],[-65.690749,18.19499],[-65.694515,18.187011],[-65.691021,18.178998],[-65.695856,18.179324],[-65.710895,18.186963],[-65.712533,18.189146],[-65.717999,18.190176],[-65.728471,18.185588],[-65.734664,18.180368],[-65.738834,18.174066],[-65.739125,18.173453],[-65.743632,18.163957],[-65.758728,18.156601],[-65.766919,18.148424],[-65.777584,18.129239],[-65.796711,18.083746],[-65.796289,18.079835],[-65.794686,18.078607],[-65.795028,18.073561],[-65.796711,18.069842],[-65.801831,18.058527],[-65.809174,18.056818],[-65.817107,18.063378],[-65.825848,18.057482],[-65.83109,18.050664],[-65.834274,18.038988],[-65.832429,18.014916],[-65.839591,18.015077],[-65.850913,18.011954],[-65.870335,18.006597],[-65.875122,18.002826],[-65.884937,17.988521],[-65.896102,17.99026],[-65.905319,17.983974],[-65.910537,17.981855],[-65.924738,17.976087],[-65.976611,17.967669],[-65.98455,17.969411],[-65.985358,17.971854],[-65.995185,17.978989],[-66.007731,17.980541],[-66.017308,17.979583],[-66.019539,17.978354],[-66.024,17.975896],[-66.046585,17.954853],[-66.049033,17.954561],[-66.058217,17.959238],[-66.068678,17.966335],[-66.069979,17.966357],[-66.08141,17.966552],[-66.116194,17.949141],[-66.127009,17.946953],[-66.140661,17.94102],[-66.147912,17.933963],[-66.155387,17.929406],[-66.159742,17.928613],[-66.161232,17.931747],[-66.175626,17.933565],[-66.186914,17.935363],[-66.189726,17.933936],[-66.200174,17.929515],[-66.206961,17.932268],[-66.213374,17.944614],[-66.202655,17.944753],[-66.185554,17.940997],[-66.179548,17.943727],[-66.174839,17.948214],[-66.176814,17.950438],[-66.206207,17.96305],[-66.206807,17.963307],[-66.215355,17.959376],[-66.218081,17.95729],[-66.231519,17.943912],[-66.229181,17.934651],[-66.232013,17.931154],[-66.252737,17.934574],[-66.260684,17.936083],[-66.270905,17.947098],[-66.275651,17.94826],[-66.290782,17.946491],[-66.297679,17.959148],[-66.31695,17.976683],[-66.323659,17.978536],[-66.338152,17.976492],[-66.33839,17.976458],[-66.362511,17.968231],[-66.365098,17.964832],[-66.368777,17.957717],[-66.371591,17.951469],[-66.385059,17.939004],[-66.391227,17.945819],[-66.398945,17.950925],[-66.412131,17.957286],[-66.445481,17.979379],[-66.450368,17.983226],[-66.454888,17.986784],[-66.461342,17.990273],[-66.491396,17.990262],[-66.510143,17.985618],[-66.540537,17.975476],[-66.583233,17.961229],[-66.589658,17.969386],[-66.594392,17.970682],[-66.605035,17.969015],[-66.623788,17.98105],[-66.631944,17.982746],[-66.645651,17.98026],[-66.657797,17.974605],[-66.664391,17.968259],[-66.672819,17.966451],[-66.699115,17.977568],[-66.709856,17.982109],[-66.713394,17.987763],[-66.716957,17.990344],[-66.731118,17.991658],[-66.746248,17.990349],[-66.750427,17.995443],[-66.753964,17.99959],[-66.755341,18.001203],[-66.764491,18.006317],[-66.770307,18.005955],[-66.799656,17.99245],[-66.806866,17.983786],[-66.807924,17.979606],[-66.806903,17.976046],[-66.805683,17.975052],[-66.795106,17.977438],[-66.789302,17.980793],[-66.784953,17.978326],[-66.787245,17.972914],[-66.80827,17.965635],[-66.8224,17.954499],[-66.838584,17.949931],[-66.852288,17.955004],[-66.856474,17.956553],[-66.859471,17.954316],[-66.862545,17.952022],[-66.871697,17.952707],[-66.88344,17.952526],[-66.899639,17.948298],[-66.904585,17.950527],[-66.906532,17.955356],[-66.906276,17.963368],[-66.924529,17.972808],[-66.928651,17.970204],[-66.930414,17.963127],[-66.916127,17.959102],[-66.909483,17.952559],[-66.909359,17.94988],[-66.912522,17.947446],[-66.930313,17.943389],[-66.932636,17.939998],[-66.931581,17.9369],[-66.919298,17.932062],[-66.923826,17.926923],[-66.927261,17.926875],[-66.959998,17.940216],[-66.980516,17.951648],[-66.98105,17.952505],[-66.982669,17.9551],[-66.982206,17.961192],[-66.987287,17.970663],[-66.996738,17.972899],[-67.003972,17.970799],[-67.014744,17.968468],[-67.024522,17.970722],[-67.062478,17.973819],[-67.076534,17.967759],[-67.089827,17.951418],[-67.101468,17.946621],[-67.109985,17.945806],[-67.109986,17.945806],[-67.128251,17.948153],[-67.133733,17.951919],[-67.167031,17.963073],[-67.178566,17.964792],[-67.183508,17.962706],[-67.188717,17.950989],[-67.187474,17.946252],[-67.183694,17.937982],[-67.183457,17.931135],[-67.194785,17.932826],[-67.196924,17.935651],[-67.197273,17.937461],[-67.197517,17.941514],[-67.197668,17.943549],[-67.198988,17.94782],[-67.200973,17.949896],[-67.210034,17.953595],[-67.212101,17.956027],[-67.21433,17.962436],[-67.215271,17.983464],[-67.211973,17.992993],[-67.207694,17.998019],[-67.177893,18.008882],[-67.174299,18.011149],[-67.172397,18.014906],[-67.172138,18.021422],[-67.173761,18.024548],[-67.193269,18.03185],[-67.209887,18.035439],[-67.196694,18.066491],[-67.190656,18.064269],[-67.184589,18.06775],[-67.183938,18.069914],[-67.186465,18.074195],[-67.192999,18.076877],[-67.198212,18.076828],[-67.199314,18.091135],[-67.19529,18.096149],[-67.183921,18.103683],[-67.182182,18.108507],[-67.176554,18.151046],[-67.178618,18.159318],[-67.180822,18.168055],[-67.180701,18.168182],[-67.155185,18.195001],[-67.152665,18.203493],[-67.158001,18.216719],[-67.173,18.230666],[-67.175429,18.248008],[-67.187843,18.266671],[-67.187873,18.266874],[-67.189971,18.281015],[-67.196056,18.290443],[-67.209963,18.294974],[-67.225403,18.296648],[-67.226081,18.296722],[-67.235137,18.299935],[-67.267484,18.353149],[-67.27135,18.362329],[-67.268259,18.366989],[-67.260671,18.370197],[-67.23909,18.375318],[-67.226744,18.378247],[-67.216998,18.382078],[-67.202167,18.389908],[-67.160144,18.415587],[-67.159608,18.415915],[-67.156599,18.418983],[-67.155245,18.424401],[-67.156619,18.439562],[-67.161746,18.453462],[-67.169011,18.466352],[-67.169016,18.478488],[-67.164144,18.487396],[-67.14283,18.505485],[-67.138249,18.507776],[-67.125655,18.511706],[-67.103468,18.514523],[-67.093752,18.515757],[-67.07929,18.513256],[-67.020276,18.510603],[-66.988958,18.497724],[-66.95954,18.489878],[-66.957733,18.489129],[-66.957517,18.489171],[-66.944636,18.491693],[-66.906872,18.483556],[-66.90143,18.484552],[-66.867386,18.490785],[-66.849673,18.490745],[-66.83694,18.487659],[-66.836635,18.487701],[-66.79932,18.492775],[-66.780311,18.491411],[-66.764893,18.484097],[-66.749301,18.476701],[-66.742067,18.474681],[-66.733986,18.473457],[-66.710743,18.472611],[-66.683719,18.481367],[-66.679876,18.484944],[-66.664364,18.487809],[-66.645839,18.488777],[-66.624618,18.494199],[-66.586778,18.484948],[-66.584074,18.484287],[-66.565241,18.485523],[-66.562916,18.48845],[-66.563485,18.490512],[-66.558503,18.489987],[-66.53484,18.481253],[-66.533487,18.481663],[-66.529476,18.482877],[-66.511609,18.476848],[-66.470292,18.46907],[-66.456486,18.46892],[-66.449184,18.470991],[-66.441852,18.479751],[-66.439961,18.485525],[-66.438813,18.485713]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Puerto Rico\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"76","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Paul W.","contributorId":223172,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12697,"text":"University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":784436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mote, Thomas L.","contributorId":223173,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mote","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12697,"text":"University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":784437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ramseyer, C.A.","contributorId":223174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramseyer","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36201,"text":"Salisbury University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":784438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Van Beusekom, Ashley E.","contributorId":197950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Beusekom","given":"Ashley","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":784439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Scholl, Martha A. 0000-0001-6994-4614 mascholl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6994-4614","contributorId":1920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"Martha","email":"mascholl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":784435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gonzalez, Grizelle","contributorId":194872,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gonzalez","given":"Grizelle","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":784440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70198609,"text":"fs20183053 - 2018 - U.S. Landsat Analysis Ready Data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-06T10:26:54","indexId":"fs20183053","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-05T13:55:49","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-3053","title":"U.S. Landsat Analysis Ready Data","docAbstract":"U.S. Landsat Analysis Ready Data (ARD) are a revolutionary new U.S. Geological Survey science product that allows the Landsat archive to be more accessible and easier to analyze and reduces the amount of time users spend on data processing for monitoring and assessing landscape change. U.S. Landsat ARD are Level-2 products derived from Landsat Collections Level-1 precision and terrain-corrected scenes that are processed and arranged in spatially consistent tiles and dense temporal stacks for immediate use in monitoring and assessing landscape change.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20183053","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 2018, U.S. Landsat Analysis Ready Data: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2018–3053, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20183053.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-098255","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357027,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2018/3053/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":357028,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2018/3053/fs20183053.pdf","text":"Report","size":"579 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2018–3053"}],"contact":"Director, Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center
U.S. Geological Survey
47914 252d Street
Sioux Falls, SD 57198
Management of invasive species, whether prevention, population reduction, or eradication, requires assessment of the invasive species’ population status and an assessment of the probability of success of management options. Perceptions of a species’ permanence in an environment or lack thereof frequently drives how limited time, financial, and personnel resources are allocated to such efforts. Language we use to describe a non-native species’ status largely defines these perceptions and sets boundaries, real or perceived, to potential management actions. Here we discuss the use of a particular term – “established” – when confronting management decisions for invasive species. Our objective is to contribute to bridging the gap between the realms of conceptual development and management with respect to use of the term “established”. We find that although there are benefits of polysemy and synonymy to conceptual development they present an additional challenge to managers who must weigh the costs, benefits, and potential for success of particular management actions. We also examine how existing conceptual frameworks might be augmented to bridge the theoretical-practical gap, such as more precisely defining potential management actions and explicitly including assessment of risk.
","language":"English","publisher":"REABIC","doi":"10.3391/mbi.2018.9.3.01","usgsCitation":"Kocovsky, P., Sturtevant, R., and Schardt, J., 2018, What it is to be established: policy and management implications for non-native and invasive species: Management of Biological Invasions, v. 9, no. 3, p. 177-185, https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2018.9.3.01.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"177","endPage":"185","ipdsId":"IP-090443","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468436,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2018.9.3.01","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":357671,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02fa2e4b0fc368eb5393b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kocovsky, Patrick 0000-0003-4325-4265 pkocovsky@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4325-4265","contributorId":150837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kocovsky","given":"Patrick","email":"pkocovsky@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sturtevant, Rochelle","contributorId":208134,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sturtevant","given":"Rochelle","affiliations":[{"id":37753,"text":"Michigan Sea Grant","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schardt, James","contributorId":208135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schardt","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13529,"text":"US Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70199807,"text":"70199807 - 2018 - New methods for predicting and measuring dispersion in rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-02T14:20:35.299143","indexId":"70199807","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-05T11:28:36","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"New methods for predicting and measuring dispersion in rivers","docAbstract":"To develop a better predictive tool for dispersion in rivers over a range of temporal and spatial scales, our group has developed a simple Lagrangian model that is applicable for a wide range of coordinate systems and flow modeling methodologies. The approach allows dispersion computations for a large suite of discretizations, model dimensions (1-, 2-, or 3-dimensional), spatial and temporal discretization, and turbulence closures. As the model is based on a discrete non-interacting particle approach, parallelization is straightforward, such that simulations with large numbers of particles are tractable. Results from the approach are compared to dispersion measurements made with conventional Rhodamine WT dye experiment in which typical at-a-point sensors are employed to determine concentration. The model performs well, but spatial resolution for experiments over large and or complex river flows was inadequate for model testing. To address this issue, we explored the idea of measuring spatial concentrations in river flows using hyperspectral remote sensing. Experiments both for idealized channels and real rivers show that this technique is viable and can provide high levels of spatial detail in concentration measurements with quantitatively accurate concentrations.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"E3S Web of Conferences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"River Flow 2018 - Ninth International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics","conferenceDate":"September 5-8, 2018","conferenceLocation":"Lyon-Villeurbanne, France","language":"English","publisher":"E3S Sciences","doi":"10.1051/e3sconf/20184005052","usgsCitation":"Nelson, J.M., McDonald, R.R., Legleiter, C.J., Kinzel, P.J., Terrell Ramos, T., Higashi, Y., Seo, I., Baek, D., Lee, D.H., and Ryu, Y., 2018, New methods for predicting and measuring dispersion in rivers, in E3S Web of Conferences, v. 40, Lyon-Villeurbanne, France, September 5-8, 2018, 05052, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184005052.","productDescription":"05052, 8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-095110","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468437,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184005052","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":359640,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bf67cf3e4b045bfcae2cff2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Jonathan M. 0000-0002-7632-8526 jmn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7632-8526","contributorId":2812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Jonathan","email":"jmn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDonald, Richard R. 0000-0002-0703-0638 rmcd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0703-0638","contributorId":2428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"Richard","email":"rmcd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Legleiter, Carl J. 0000-0003-0940-8013 cjl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0940-8013","contributorId":169002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Legleiter","given":"Carl","email":"cjl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kinzel, Paul J. 0000-0002-6076-9730 pjkinzel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6076-9730","contributorId":743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinzel","given":"Paul","email":"pjkinzel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Terrell Ramos, Travis 0000-0003-4152-9202","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4152-9202","contributorId":208298,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Terrell Ramos","given":"Travis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Higashi, Yutaka","contributorId":208299,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Higashi","given":"Yutaka","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37321,"text":"University of Kyoto","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Seo, Il Won","contributorId":208300,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seo","given":"Il Won","affiliations":[{"id":37780,"text":"Seoul National University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Baek, Donghae","contributorId":208301,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baek","given":"Donghae","affiliations":[{"id":37780,"text":"Seoul National University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lee, Du Han","contributorId":208302,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Du","email":"","middleInitial":"Han","affiliations":[{"id":37781,"text":"Korean Institute for Civil Engineering and Construction Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Ryu, Yonguk","contributorId":208303,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryu","given":"Yonguk","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37781,"text":"Korean Institute for Civil Engineering and Construction Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70199108,"text":"70199108 - 2018 - Evaluating time-removal models for estimating availability of boreal birds during point count surveys: Sample size requirements and model complexity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-05T10:36:14","indexId":"70199108","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-05T10:36:11","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating time-removal models for estimating availability of boreal birds during point count surveys: Sample size requirements and model complexity","docAbstract":"We used conventional and finite mixture removal models with and without time-varying covariates to evaluate availability given presence for 152 bird species using data from point counts in boreal North America. We found that the choice of model had an impact on the estimability of unknown model parameters and affected the bias and variance of corrected counts. Finite mixture models provided better fit than conventional removal models and better adjusted for count duration. However, reliably estimating parameters and minimizing variance using mixture models required at least 200–1,000 detections. Mixture models with time-varying proportions of infrequent singers were best supported across species, indicating that accounting for date- and time-related heterogeneity is important when combining data across studies over large spatial scales, multiple sampling time frames, or variable survey protocols. Our flexible and continuous time-removal modeling framework can be used to account for such heterogeneity through the incorporation of easily obtainable covariates, such as methods, date, time, and location. Accounting for availability bias in bird surveys allows for better integration of disparate studies at large spatial scales and better adjustment of local, regional, and continental population size estimates.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1650/CONDOR-18-32.1","usgsCitation":"Solymos, P., Matsuoka, S.M., Cumming, S.G., Stralberg, D., Fontaine, P.C., Schmiegelow, F.K., Song, S.J., and Bayne, E.M., 2018, Evaluating time-removal models for estimating availability of boreal birds during point count surveys: Sample size requirements and model complexity: Condor, v. 120, no. 4, p. 765-786, https://doi.org/10.1650/CONDOR-18-32.1.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"765","endPage":"786","ipdsId":"IP-095119","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468438,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1650/condor-18-32.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":357080,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -178.59375,\n 43.197167282501276\n ],\n [\n -53.0859375,\n 43.197167282501276\n ],\n [\n -53.0859375,\n 70.8446726342528\n ],\n [\n -178.59375,\n 70.8446726342528\n ],\n [\n -178.59375,\n 43.197167282501276\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"120","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a267e4b0702d0e842e74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Solymos, Peter","contributorId":203718,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Solymos","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36696,"text":"University of Alberta","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matsuoka, Steven M. 0000-0001-6415-1885 smatsuoka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6415-1885","contributorId":184173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matsuoka","given":"Steven","email":"smatsuoka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cumming, Steven G.","contributorId":207538,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cumming","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37556,"text":"University of Laval","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stralberg, Diana","contributorId":187413,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stralberg","given":"Diana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fontaine, Patricia C.","contributorId":140676,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fontaine","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schmiegelow, Fiona K. A.","contributorId":207539,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmiegelow","given":"Fiona","email":"","middleInitial":"K. A.","affiliations":[{"id":36696,"text":"University of Alberta","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Song, Samantha J.","contributorId":207540,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Song","given":"Samantha","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36681,"text":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bayne, Erin M.","contributorId":140675,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bayne","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70199111,"text":"70199111 - 2018 - Controls on submarine channel-modifying processes identified through morphometric scaling relationships","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-04T13:17:39","indexId":"70199111","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-05T10:26:56","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Controls on submarine channel-modifying processes identified through morphometric scaling relationships","docAbstract":"Submarine channels share morphological similarities with rivers, but observations from modern and ancient systems indicate they are formed under processes and controls unique to submarine settings. Morphologic characteristics of channels—e.g., width, depth, slope, and the relationships among them—can constrain interpretations of channel-forming processes. This work uses morphometric scaling relationships extracted from high-resolution seafloor bathymetry to infer connections between morphology and process in submarine channels. Analysis of 36 modern channels in five geographic regions shows that channel widths vary regionally (from <100 m to >10 km wide) but occupy the same range of aspect ratios (~10:1–100:1). This suggests an autogenic control on aspect ratio, perhaps resulting from feedback processes in levee growth and/or bank erosion, and allogenic (e.g., sediment supply, grain size) controls on channel width. Submarine channel aspect ratios tend to decrease with increasing dimensions, while the opposite relationship has been observed for fluvial channels, likely due to opposing relationships between flow discharge and channel distance. Additionally, observation of an apparent lag between channel thalweg and levee responses to gradient changes suggests that thalweg and levee deposition and erosion may be partially decoupled due to the vertical structure of turbidity currents, with thalweg evolution driven by the basal, higher-shear-stress portion of the flow and levee evolution by the dilute upper portion. The data presented here provide a basis for predicting channel metrics in exploration scenarios, in which data coverage may be sparse. This documentation of a diverse suite of channels also captures the range of scales and variability exhibited globally by submarine channel systems, providing context for local studies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geologic Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES01674.1","usgsCitation":"Shumaker, L.E., Jobe, Z.R., Johnstone, S., Pettinga, L.A., Cai, D., and Moody, J.D., 2018, Controls on submarine channel-modifying processes identified through morphometric scaling relationships: Geosphere, v. 14, no. 5, p. 2171-2187, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01674.1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"2171","endPage":"2187","ipdsId":"IP-094567","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468439,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01674.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":357077,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a268e4b0702d0e842e76","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shumaker, Lauren E.","contributorId":207546,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shumaker","given":"Lauren","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37560,"text":"Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jobe, Zane R.","contributorId":207547,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jobe","given":"Zane","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37560,"text":"Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnstone, Samuel 0000-0002-3945-2499","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3945-2499","contributorId":207545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnstone","given":"Samuel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pettinga, Luke A.","contributorId":207548,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pettinga","given":"Luke","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37560,"text":"Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cai, Dingxin","contributorId":207549,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cai","given":"Dingxin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37560,"text":"Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Moody, Jeremiah D.","contributorId":207550,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moody","given":"Jeremiah","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37561,"text":"Chevron Energy Technology Company, Houston, TX 77002, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70199125,"text":"70199125 - 2018 - Leveraging big data towards functionally-based, catchment scale restoration prioritization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-21T15:06:36","indexId":"70199125","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-05T10:19:29","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Leveraging big data towards functionally-based, catchment scale restoration prioritization","docAbstract":"The persistence of freshwater degradation has necessitated the growth of an expansive stream and wetland restoration industry, yet restoration prioritization at broad spatial extents is still limited and ad-hoc restoration prevails. The River Basin Restoration Prioritization tool has been developed to incorporate vetted, distributed data models into a catchment scale restoration prioritization framework. Catchment baseline condition and potential improvement with restoration activity is calculated for all National Hydrography Dataset stream reaches and catchments in North Carolina and compared to other catchments within the river subbasin to assess where restoration efforts may best be focused. Hydrologic, water quality, and aquatic habitat quality conditions are assessed with peak flood flow, nitrogen and phosphorus loading, and aquatic species distribution models. The modular nature of the tool leaves ample opportunity for future incorporation of novel and improved datasets to better represent the holistic health of a watershed, and the nature of the datasets used herein allow this framework to be applied at much broader scales than North Carolina.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00267-018-1100-z","usgsCitation":"Lovette, J.P., Duncan, J.M., Smart, L.S., Fay, J.P., Urban, D.L., Daly, N., Blackwell, J., Hoos, A.B., Garcia, A.M., and Band, L.E., 2018, Leveraging big data towards functionally-based, catchment scale restoration prioritization: Environmental Management, v. 62, no. 6, p. 1007-1024, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-018-1100-z.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1007","endPage":"1024","ipdsId":"IP-094881","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357074,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a268e4b0702d0e842e78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lovette, John P.","contributorId":207568,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lovette","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":37566,"text":"UNC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duncan, Jonathan M.","contributorId":207569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duncan","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7260,"text":"Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smart, Lindsey S.","contributorId":207570,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smart","given":"Lindsey","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fay, John P.","contributorId":207571,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fay","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12643,"text":"Duke University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Urban, Dean L.","contributorId":207572,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Urban","given":"Dean","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12643,"text":"Duke University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Daly, Nancy","contributorId":207573,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Daly","given":"Nancy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37567,"text":"Wake County Department of Environmental Services","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Blackwell, Jamie","contributorId":207574,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blackwell","given":"Jamie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24615,"text":"North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hoos, Anne B. 0000-0001-9845-7831","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9845-7831","contributorId":207575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoos","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Garcia, Ana M. 0000-0002-5388-1281 agarcia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5388-1281","contributorId":207567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"Ana","email":"agarcia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Band, Lawrence E.","contributorId":207576,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Band","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":25492,"text":"University of Virginia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70199122,"text":"70199122 - 2018 - Marine threats overlap key foraging habitat for two imperiled sea turtle species in the Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-16T06:31:00","indexId":"70199122","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-05T10:06:32","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3912,"text":"Frontiers in Marine Science","onlineIssn":"2296-7745","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Marine threats overlap key foraging habitat for two imperiled sea turtle species in the Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"Effective management of human activities affecting listed species requires understanding both threats and animal habitat-use patterns. However, the extent of spatial overlap between high-use foraging areas (where multiple marine species congregate) and anthropogenic threats is not well known. Our modeling approach incorporates data on sea turtle spatial ecology and a suite of threats in the Gulf of Mexico to identify and map “hot spots” of threats to two imperiled turtle species. Of all 820 “high” threats grid cells, our tracked turtles foraged at least one day in 77% of them. Although threat data were not available outside the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone, our map of turtle and threat “hotspots” can be incorporated in future more comprehensive threat analyses for the region. Knowledge of these shared foraging- and threat-areas can assist managers charged with designing effective conservation and population recovery strategies, in future habitat modeling efforts, and in designations of Gulf of Mexico habitat with high conservation value.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2018.00336","usgsCitation":"Hart, K.M., Iverson, A., Fujisaki, I., Lamont, M.M., Bucklin, D.N., and Shaver, D.J., 2018, Marine threats overlap key foraging habitat for two imperiled sea turtle species in the Gulf of Mexico: Frontiers in Marine Science, v. 5, 336, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00336.","productDescription":"336, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-091381","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468440,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00336","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":357068,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.404296875,\n 18.06231230454674\n ],\n [\n -81.123046875,\n 18.06231230454674\n ],\n [\n -81.123046875,\n 31.27855085894653\n ],\n [\n -99.404296875,\n 31.27855085894653\n ],\n [\n -99.404296875,\n 18.06231230454674\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a268e4b0702d0e842e7c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hart, Kristen M. 0000-0002-5257-7974 kristen_hart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5257-7974","contributorId":1966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Kristen","email":"kristen_hart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iverson, Autumn R. 0000-0002-8353-6745","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8353-6745","contributorId":173555,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iverson","given":"Autumn R.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fujisaki, Ikuko","contributorId":38359,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fujisaki","given":"Ikuko","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lamont, Margaret M. 0000-0001-7520-6669 mlamont@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7520-6669","contributorId":4525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamont","given":"Margaret","email":"mlamont@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bucklin, David N.","contributorId":175273,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bucklin","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shaver, Donna J.","contributorId":191186,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shaver","given":"Donna","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70263423,"text":"70263423 - 2018 - Social–ecological landscape patterns predict woody encroachment from native tree plantings in a temperate grassland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-11T15:31:56.916264","indexId":"70263423","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-05T09:29:22","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Social–ecological landscape patterns predict woody encroachment from native tree plantings in a temperate grassland","docAbstract":"Afforestation is often viewed as the purposeful planting of trees in historically nonforested grasslands, but an unintended consequence is woody encroachment, which should be considered part of the afforestation process. In North America's temperate grassland biome, Eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana L.) is a native species used in tree plantings that aggressively invades in the absence of controlling processes. Cedar is a well-studied woody encroacher, but little is known about the degree to which cedar windbreaks, which are advocated for in agroforestry programs, are contributing to woody encroachment, what factors are associated with cedar spread from windbreaks, nor where encroachment from windbreaks is occurring in contemporary social–ecological landscapes. We used remotely sensed imagery to identify the presence and pattern of woody encroachment from windbreaks in the Nebraska Sandhills. We used multimodel inference to compare three classes of models representing three hypotheses about factors that could influence cedar spread: (a) windbreak models based on windbreak structure and design elements; (b) abiotic models focused on local environmental conditions; and (c) landscape models characterizing coupled human-natural features within the broader matrix. Woody encroachment was evident for 23% of sampled windbreaks in the Nebraska Sandhills. Of our candidate models, our inclusive landscape model carried 92% of the model weight. This model indicated that encroachment from windbreaks was more likely near roadways and less likely near farmsteads, other cedar plantings, and waterbodies, highlighting strong social ties to the distribution of woody encroachment from tree plantings across contemporary landscapes. Our model findings indicate where additional investments into cedar control can be prioritized to prevent cedar spread from windbreaks. This approach can serve as a model in other temperate regions to identify where woody encroachment resulting from temperate agroforestry programs is emerging.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.4340","usgsCitation":"Donvan, V., Burnett, J., Bielski, C., Birge, H., Bevans, R., Twidwell, D., and Allen, C.R., 2018, Social–ecological landscape patterns predict woody encroachment from native tree plantings in a temperate grassland: Ecology and Evolution, v. 8, no. 19, p. 9624-9632, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4340.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"9624","endPage":"9632","ipdsId":"IP-099576","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482050,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4340","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":481931,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102.80956986796139,\n 42.910635718325125\n ],\n [\n -102.80956986796139,\n 41.083881420357784\n ],\n [\n -97.90830588361806,\n 41.083881420357784\n ],\n [\n -97.90830588361806,\n 42.910635718325125\n ],\n [\n -102.80956986796139,\n 42.910635718325125\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Donvan, V.M.","contributorId":350764,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Donvan","given":"V.M.","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":926948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burnett, J.L.","contributorId":189790,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burnett","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":926949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bielski, C.H.","contributorId":273150,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bielski","given":"C.H.","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":926950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Birge, H.E.","contributorId":350765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Birge","given":"H.E.","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":926951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bevans, R.","contributorId":350766,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bevans","given":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":926952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Twidwell, D.","contributorId":244285,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Twidwell","given":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":926953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":926954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70227777,"text":"70227777 - 2018 - The interaction of exposure and warming tolerance determines fish species vulnerability to warming stream temperatures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-31T15:04:17.482528","indexId":"70227777","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-05T08:58:29","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1028,"text":"Biology Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The interaction of exposure and warming tolerance determines fish species vulnerability to warming stream temperatures","docAbstract":"Species vulnerability to climate change involves an interaction between the magnitude of change (exposure) and a species's tolerance to change. We evaluated fish species vulnerability to predicted stream temperature increases by examining warming tolerances across the Wyoming fish assemblage. Warming tolerance combines stream temperature with a thermal tolerance metric to estimate how much warming beyond current conditions a species can withstand. Brown trout, rainbow trout and burbot had the lowest warming tolerances and the highest proportion of currently occupied sites that will become unsuitable under predicted temperature increases. These most vulnerable species were coldwater species, but had neither the lowest thermal tolerances nor would they experience the greatest temperature increases. Our results highlight the importance of considering the interaction of exposure and warming tolerance when predicting climate change vulnerability and demonstrate an approach that can be applied broadly.
","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society Publishing","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2018.0342","usgsCitation":"Walters, A.W., Mandeville, C., and Rahel, F.J., 2018, The interaction of exposure and warming tolerance determines fish species vulnerability to warming stream temperatures: Biology Letters, v. 14, no. 9, 20180342, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2018.0342.","productDescription":"20180342, 5 p.","ipdsId":"IP-092575","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468441,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2018.0342","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395135,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.07177734375,\n 40.97160353279909\n ],\n [\n -104.04052734375,\n 40.97160353279909\n ],\n [\n -104.04052734375,\n 45.00365115687186\n ],\n [\n -111.07177734375,\n 45.00365115687186\n ],\n [\n -111.07177734375,\n 40.97160353279909\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walters, Annika W. 0000-0002-8638-6682 awalters@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8638-6682","contributorId":4190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"Annika","email":"awalters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":832199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mandeville, Caitlin P.","contributorId":272595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mandeville","given":"Caitlin P.","affiliations":[{"id":12729,"text":"UW","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rahel, Frank J.","contributorId":272596,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rahel","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12729,"text":"UW","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70208338,"text":"70208338 - 2018 - Aerial surveys of sea otters (Enhydra lutris) in Lower Cook Inlet, Alaska, May, 2017","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-05T07:00:42","indexId":"70208338","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-05T06:58:12","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Aerial surveys of sea otters (Enhydra lutris) in Lower Cook Inlet, Alaska, May, 2017","docAbstract":"Portions of two stocks of northern sea otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) occur in Lower Cook Inlet (LCI), Alaska. Sea otters on the west side of LCI are considered part of the southwest Alaska stock; sea otters occupying eastern LCI are considered part of the southcentral Alaska stock. Information concerning the distributions and abundance of sea otters in LCI is needed to track the status and trends of these populations and address management concerns associated with oil and gas exploration and coastal development in the region. In May 2017, we conducted a series of replicate aerial surveys of sea otters across LCI following the methods of Bodkin and Udevitz (1999). Our abundance estimate for western LCI (southwest Alaska stock) was 10,737 (SE = 2,323) sea otters. Sea otters were not uniformly distributed across western LCI. The highest sea otter densities (up to 8 sea otter/km2) occurred within Kamishak Bay to the west and north of Augustine Island. Sea otter densities were relatively low north of Kamishak Bay. The total abundance estimate for eastern LCI (part of the southcentral Alaska stock) was 9,152 (SE = 1,020) sea otters. The highest densities of sea otters in eastern LCI were found along the north shore of Kachemak Bay and in Port Graham. We also found large numbers of sea otters along the eastern shore of LCI between Anchor Point and Clam Gulch. We recommend conducting a sea otter distribution survey in September, prior to the appearance of sea ice, and again during winter to examine potential seasonal shifts in sea otter distributions in LCI.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"USFWS Technical Report","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildllife Service","usgsCitation":"Gerlach-Miller, J., Esslinger, G.G., and Weitzman, B., 2018, Aerial surveys of sea otters (Enhydra lutris) in Lower Cook Inlet, Alaska, May, 2017, ii, 22 p.","productDescription":"ii, 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-100590","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":372052,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":372021,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.fws.gov/r7/fisheries/mmm/seaotters/reports.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Lower Cook Inlet","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -153.69873046875,\n 58.859223547066584\n ],\n [\n -151.083984375,\n 59.712097173322924\n ],\n [\n -150.82031249999997,\n 60.68393876805448\n ],\n [\n -149.87548828125,\n 60.74842446462361\n ],\n [\n -148.53515625,\n 60.855613316239335\n ],\n [\n -149.61181640625,\n 61.227957176677876\n ],\n [\n -148.99658203125,\n 61.51221638411366\n ],\n [\n -150.09521484375,\n 61.48075950007598\n ],\n [\n -151.06201171875,\n 61.41775026352097\n ],\n [\n -152.4462890625,\n 60.973107109199404\n ],\n [\n -154.16015625,\n 59.92199002450385\n ],\n [\n -154.44580078125,\n 59.4115481664237\n ],\n [\n -154.48974609375,\n 58.91599192355906\n ],\n [\n -153.69873046875,\n 58.859223547066584\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gerlach-Miller, Joel","contributorId":222186,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gerlach-Miller","given":"Joel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40505,"text":"USFWS - Marine Mammals Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":781472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Esslinger, George G. 0000-0002-3459-0083 gesslinger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3459-0083","contributorId":131009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esslinger","given":"George","email":"gesslinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":781471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weitzman, Ben 0000-0001-7559-3654","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7559-3654","contributorId":214292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weitzman","given":"Ben","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":781473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70220429,"text":"70220429 - 2018 - Behavioral differences following ingestion of large meals and consequences for management of a harmful invasive snake: A field experiment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-13T11:45:18.636087","indexId":"70220429","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-05T06:43:05","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Behavioral differences following ingestion of large meals and consequences for management of a harmful invasive snake: A field experiment","docAbstract":"Many snakes are uniquely adapted to ingest large prey at infrequent intervals. Digestion of large prey is metabolically and aerobically costly, and large prey boluses can impair snake locomotion, increasing vulnerability to predation. Cessation of foraging and use of refugia with microclimates facilitating digestion are expected to be strategies employed by free‐ranging snakes to cope with the demands of digestion while minimizing risk of predation. However, empirical observations of such submergent behavior from field experiments are limited. The brown treesnake (Serpentes: Colubridae: Boiga irregularis) is a nocturnal, arboreal, colubrid snake that was accidentally introduced to the island of Guam, with ecologically and economically costly consequences. Because tools for brown treesnake damage prevention generally rely on snakes being visible or responding to lures or baits while foraging, cessation of foraging activities after feeding would complicate management. We sought to characterize differences in brown treesnake activity, movement, habitat use, and detectability following feeding of large meals (rodents 33% of the snake's unfed body mass) via radio telemetry, trapping, and visual surveys. Compared to unfed snakes, snakes in the feeding treatment group showed drastic decreases in hourly and nightly activity rates, differences in refuge height and microhabitat type, and a marked decrease in detectability by trapping and visual surveys. Depression of activity lasted approximately 5–7 days, a period that corresponds to previous studies of brown treesnake digestion and cycles of detectability. Our results indicate that management strategies for invasive brown treesnakes need to account for cycles of unavailability and underscore the importance of preventing spread of brown treesnakes to new environments where large prey are abundant and periods of cryptic behavior are likely to be frequent. Characterization of postfeeding behavior changes provides a richer understanding of snake ecology and foraging models for species that consume large prey.
Because coastal areas in Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts were heavily affected by Hurricane Sandy in October 2012, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), under a mission agreement with the Federal Emergency Management Agency, collected storm tide high-water marks in those coastal areas. This effort was undertaken to better understand the areal extent and impact of storm tides resulting from strong storms.
On October 27–29, 2012, Hurricane Sandy moved up the eastern coast of the United States after passing over the Bahamas. On October 29 at about 7:30 p.m. eastern daylight time, Hurricane Sandy made landfall its final time near Brigantine, New Jersey, with recorded wind speeds of about 80 miles per hour. The damages from Hurricane Sandy exceeded $50 billion in total, making it the second most costly Atlantic hurricane at that time, second only to Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Hurricane Sandy also resulted in 147 deaths, and about 650,000 homes and many businesses being damaged along the eastern coast of the United States. The severity of Hurricane Sandy’s effects resulted in presidential disaster declarations being declared in 10 States from Virginia to Massachusetts and the District of Columbia in the months following Hurricane Sandy; the list of States affected included Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts.
In response to the approach of Hurricane Sandy, the USGS deployed 60 temporary storm tide sensors and 2 temporary real-time rapid deployment gages to collect tide elevation data during the storm along the coastal areas of Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts. This activity was done from Virginia to Maine before the storm. Following Hurricane Sandy, in October and November 2012, 371 storm tide high-water marks were identified and flagged in the coastal areas of Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts. High-water marks near USGS temporary storm tide sensors, real-time rapid deployment gages, and streamgages affected by the tides as well as high-water marks on Block Island, R.I., and Martha’s Vineyard and Nantucket, Mass., were surveyed at the same time the high-water marks were identified and flagged in October and November 2012. The remaining high-water marks flagged during October and November 2012 were surveyed from December 2013 through June 2014 and in December 2016. Elevations of all high-water marks were referenced to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 and horizontal coordinates to the North American Datum of 1983 using the Global Navigation Satellite System, survey-grade Digital Global Positioning System receivers, and total station surveying equipment.
Of the 371 storm tide high-water marks flagged following Hurricane Sandy, only 364 high-water marks were surveyed; the remaining 7 could not be found or had been destroyed when locations were revisited to conduct surveys. The 157 high-water marks surveyed in Connecticut had elevations that ranged from 2.5 to 12.2 feet (ft) with an average elevation of 8.1 ft and a median elevation of 8.3 ft. The 76 high-water marks in Rhode Island had elevations that ranged from 3.6 to 16.2 ft and averaged 7.1 ft with a median of 6.6 ft. The 131 high-water marks in Massachusetts had elevations that ranged from 2.8 to 22.7 ft and averaged 7.3 ft with a median of 6.6 ft. Individual information on the location, type, accuracy, and elevation of the 371 high-water marks can be found in an accompanying USGS data release and at the USGS Flood Event Viewer website for Hurricane Sandy (https://stn.wim.usgs.gov/fev/#Sandy).
The high-water marks along the coast line of Connecticut and eastern Massachusetts, including Nantucket, generally had higher storm tide elevations than the coast line of Rhode Island including Block Island and southern Massachusetts, including Martha’s Vineyard. The high-water mark elevations compare well with recorded peak-storm tide data at USGS temporary storm tide sensors and real-time rapid deployment gages deployed for Hurricane Sandy in Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts.
High-water mark data collected following Hurricane Sandy will be used by Federal, State, and local government agencies, nongovernmental organizations, universities, and the public for better understanding the areal extent and impact of the storm tides. Additionally, these data can be used for such activities as land-use planning, flood risk studies, flood resiliency studies, and coastal modeling. These data from this historic storm can be compared with other regional hurricanes and tropical storms for planning into the future.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds1094","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency","usgsCitation":"Ostiguy, L.J., Sargent, T.C., Izbicki, B.J., and Bent, G.C., 2018, High-water marks from Hurricane Sandy for coastal areas of Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts, October 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1094,\n16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1094.","productDescription":"vi, 16 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-071899","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356857,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7R49Q1C","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"High-water mark data from Hurricane Sandy for the coastal areas of Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts, October 29-30, 2012 "},{"id":356859,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1094/ds1094.pdf","text":"Report","size":"19.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 1094"},{"id":356861,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1094/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut, Massachusetts, Rhode Island","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-71.860513,41.320248],[-71.859566,41.3224],[-71.868235,41.330941],[-71.886302,41.33641],[-71.91671,41.332217],[-71.936284,41.337959],[-71.945652,41.337799],[-71.956747,41.329871],[-71.970955,41.324526],[-71.982194,41.329861],[-71.988153,41.320577],[-72.021898,41.316838],[-72.084487,41.319634],[-72.094443,41.314164],[-72.09982,41.306998],[-72.11182,41.299098],[-72.134221,41.299398],[-72.16158,41.310262],[-72.173922,41.317597],[-72.177622,41.322497],[-72.184122,41.323997],[-72.191022,41.323197],[-72.201422,41.315697],[-72.204022,41.299097],[-72.212924,41.291365],[-72.225276,41.299047],[-72.248161,41.299488],[-72.251895,41.29862],[-72.251323,41.289997],[-72.261487,41.282926],[-72.31776,41.277782],[-72.327595,41.27846],[-72.333894,41.282916],[-72.348643,41.277446],[-72.348068,41.269698],[-72.386629,41.261798],[-72.398688,41.278172],[-72.451925,41.278885],[-72.472539,41.270103],[-72.485693,41.270881],[-72.499534,41.265866],[-72.506634,41.260099],[-72.51866,41.261253],[-72.521312,41.2656],[-72.529416,41.264421],[-72.533247,41.26269],[-72.536746,41.256207],[-72.546833,41.250718],[-72.570655,41.267744],[-72.583336,41.271698],[-72.598036,41.268698],[-72.617237,41.271998],[-72.653838,41.265897],[-72.662203,41.268964],[-72.671673,41.267151],[-72.684939,41.257597],[-72.685539,41.251297],[-72.694744,41.24497],[-72.710595,41.24448],[-72.713674,41.249007],[-72.711208,41.251018],[-72.71246,41.254167],[-72.722439,41.259138],[-72.732813,41.254727],[-72.757477,41.266913],[-72.786142,41.264796],[-72.818737,41.252244],[-72.826883,41.256755],[-72.847767,41.25669],[-72.854055,41.24774],[-72.861344,41.245297],[-72.881445,41.242597],[-72.895445,41.243697],[-72.905245,41.248297],[-72.903045,41.252797],[-72.894745,41.256197],[-72.893845,41.259897],[-72.907962,41.282549],[-72.916827,41.282033],[-72.920062,41.280056],[-72.920846,41.268897],[-72.935646,41.258497],[-72.961345,41.25178],[-72.986247,41.233497],[-73.014948,41.204297],[-73.020149,41.204097],[-73.022549,41.207197],[-73.05065,41.210197],[-73.07945,41.194015],[-73.105483,41.172203],[-73.110352,41.159697],[-73.108352,41.153718],[-73.111052,41.150797],[-73.130253,41.146797],[-73.170074,41.160532],[-73.170701,41.164945],[-73.177774,41.166697],[-73.202656,41.158096],[-73.228295,41.142602],[-73.235058,41.143996],[-73.247958,41.126396],[-73.262358,41.117496],[-73.286759,41.127896],[-73.296359,41.125696],[-73.31186,41.116296],[-73.33066,41.109996],[-73.372296,41.10402],[-73.392162,41.087696],[-73.400154,41.086299],[-73.435063,41.056696],[-73.450364,41.057096],[-73.468239,41.051347],[-73.477364,41.035997],[-73.493327,41.048173],[-73.516903,41.038738],[-73.516766,41.029497],[-73.522666,41.019297],[-73.528866,41.016397],[-73.531169,41.021919],[-73.530189,41.028776],[-73.535338,41.03192],[-73.551494,41.024336],[-73.561968,41.016797],[-73.567668,41.010897],[-73.570068,41.001597],[-73.583968,41.000897],[-73.584988,41.010537],[-73.595699,41.015995],[-73.603952,41.015054],[-73.643478,41.002171],[-73.651175,40.995229],[-73.657336,40.985171],[-73.659671,40.987909],[-73.659372,40.999497],[-73.654671,41.011697],[-73.727775,41.100696],[-73.482709,41.21276],[-73.550961,41.295422],[-73.521041,41.619773],[-73.510961,41.758749],[-73.489615,42.000092],[-73.487314,42.049638],[-73.496879,42.049675],[-73.508142,42.086257],[-73.264957,42.74594],[-72.809113,42.736581],[-71.981402,42.713294],[-71.294205,42.69699],[-71.278929,42.711258],[-71.267905,42.72589],[-71.245504,42.742589],[-71.223904,42.746689],[-71.181803,42.73759],[-71.186104,42.790689],[-71.165603,42.808689],[-71.132503,42.821389],[-71.064201,42.806289],[-71.047501,42.844089],[-71.044401,42.848789],[-71.031201,42.859089],[-70.9665,42.868989],[-70.931699,42.884189],[-70.914899,42.886589],[-70.902768,42.88653],[-70.886136,42.88261],[-70.848625,42.860939],[-70.830795,42.868918],[-70.817296,42.87229],[-70.817731,42.850613],[-70.80522,42.781798],[-70.792867,42.747118],[-70.770453,42.704824],[-70.778552,42.69852],[-70.778671,42.693622],[-70.764421,42.68565],[-70.744427,42.682092],[-70.72982,42.669602],[-70.728845,42.663877],[-70.689402,42.653319],[-70.682594,42.654525],[-70.681594,42.662342],[-70.663548,42.677603],[-70.645101,42.689423],[-70.630077,42.692699],[-70.620031,42.688006],[-70.622864,42.67599],[-70.622791,42.660873],[-70.61482,42.65765],[-70.595474,42.660336],[-70.591742,42.648508],[-70.591469,42.639821],[-70.594014,42.63503],[-70.605611,42.634898],[-70.61842,42.62864],[-70.635635,42.600243],[-70.654727,42.582234],[-70.664887,42.580436],[-70.668022,42.581732],[-70.670442,42.592249],[-70.672583,42.594296],[-70.678819,42.594389],[-70.698574,42.577393],[-70.729688,42.57151],[-70.737044,42.576863],[-70.757283,42.570455],[-70.804091,42.561595],[-70.823291,42.551495],[-70.848492,42.550195],[-70.871382,42.546404],[-70.872357,42.542952],[-70.866279,42.522617],[-70.842091,42.519495],[-70.831091,42.503596],[-70.835991,42.490496],[-70.841591,42.487596],[-70.847391,42.491496],[-70.857791,42.490296],[-70.879692,42.478796],[-70.886493,42.470197],[-70.887292,42.464896],[-70.894292,42.460896],[-70.908092,42.466896],[-70.917693,42.467996],[-70.934993,42.457896],[-70.933155,42.437833],[-70.928226,42.430986],[-70.913192,42.427697],[-70.901992,42.420297],[-70.905692,42.416197],[-70.936393,42.418097],[-70.943295,42.436248],[-70.943612,42.452092],[-70.94702,42.456236],[-70.96047,42.446166],[-70.960835,42.441272],[-70.982994,42.423996],[-70.990595,42.407098],[-70.989195,42.402598],[-70.985068,42.402041],[-70.980336,42.391513],[-70.970195,42.388036],[-70.972513,42.385042],[-70.972223,42.377316],[-70.953292,42.349698],[-70.953022,42.343973],[-70.963578,42.34686],[-70.974897,42.355843],[-70.979927,42.356382],[-70.998253,42.352788],[-71.006877,42.347039],[-71.01568,42.326019],[-71.013165,42.315419],[-71.000948,42.302483],[-71.006158,42.28811],[-71.0049,42.28272],[-70.996097,42.271222],[-70.98909,42.267449],[-70.967351,42.268168],[-70.948971,42.272505],[-70.935886,42.264189],[-70.923169,42.263211],[-70.910941,42.265412],[-70.896267,42.2851],[-70.895778,42.292436],[-70.897123,42.29586],[-70.915588,42.302463],[-70.91749,42.305686],[-70.882764,42.30886],[-70.881242,42.300663],[-70.870873,42.285668],[-70.851093,42.26827],[-70.831075,42.267424],[-70.811742,42.262935],[-70.770964,42.249197],[-70.74723,42.221816],[-70.73056,42.21094],[-70.722269,42.207959],[-70.714301,42.168783],[-70.706264,42.163137],[-70.685315,42.133025],[-70.663931,42.108336],[-70.640169,42.088633],[-70.63848,42.081579],[-70.647349,42.076331],[-70.64819,42.068441],[-70.643208,42.050821],[-70.644337,42.045895],[-70.650874,42.046247],[-70.66936,42.037116],[-70.671666,42.02139],[-70.667512,42.01232],[-70.670934,42.007786],[-70.678798,42.00551],[-70.686798,42.012764],[-70.695809,42.013346],[-70.712204,42.007586],[-70.710034,41.999544],[-70.698981,41.987103],[-70.662476,41.960592],[-70.651673,41.958701],[-70.648365,41.961672],[-70.623513,41.943273],[-70.616491,41.940204],[-70.608166,41.940701],[-70.598078,41.947772],[-70.583572,41.950007],[-70.552941,41.929641],[-70.546386,41.916751],[-70.545949,41.907158],[-70.532084,41.889568],[-70.525567,41.85873],[-70.535487,41.839381],[-70.542065,41.831263],[-70.543168,41.824446],[-70.54103,41.815754],[-70.532656,41.804796],[-70.517411,41.790953],[-70.494048,41.773883],[-70.471552,41.761563],[-70.412476,41.744397],[-70.375341,41.738779],[-70.290957,41.734312],[-70.275203,41.726143],[-70.263654,41.714115],[-70.259205,41.713954],[-70.23485,41.733733],[-70.216073,41.742981],[-70.189254,41.751982],[-70.182076,41.750885],[-70.141533,41.760072],[-70.121978,41.758841],[-70.096061,41.766549],[-70.064314,41.772845],[-70.024734,41.787364],[-70.008462,41.800786],[-70.003842,41.80852],[-70.004486,41.838826],[-70.009013,41.876625],[-70.000188,41.886938],[-70.002922,41.890315],[-70.012154,41.891656],[-70.024335,41.89882],[-70.025553,41.911699],[-70.030537,41.929154],[-70.044995,41.930049],[-70.054464,41.927366],[-70.065671,41.911658],[-70.064084,41.878924],[-70.067566,41.877793],[-70.070889,41.882973],[-70.073039,41.899783],[-70.077421,41.985497],[-70.083775,42.012041],[-70.089578,42.024896],[-70.10806,42.043601],[-70.148294,42.06195],[-70.155415,42.062409],[-70.169781,42.059736],[-70.186816,42.05045],[-70.194456,42.03947],[-70.195345,42.034163],[-70.193074,42.027576],[-70.186708,42.019904],[-70.196693,42.022429],[-70.208016,42.03073],[-70.218701,42.045848],[-70.233256,42.057714],[-70.24354,42.060569],[-70.245385,42.063733],[-70.238087,42.072878],[-70.225626,42.078601],[-70.206899,42.0819],[-70.189305,42.082337],[-70.160166,42.078628],[-70.115968,42.067638],[-70.082624,42.054657],[-70.058531,42.040363],[-70.033501,42.017736],[-70.011898,41.98972],[-69.986085,41.949597],[-69.968598,41.9117],[-69.945314,41.845222],[-69.935952,41.809422],[-69.928652,41.74125],[-69.928261,41.6917],[-69.933114,41.670014],[-69.947599,41.645394],[-69.951169,41.640799],[-69.958272,41.639429],[-69.967869,41.627503],[-69.982768,41.581812],[-69.988215,41.554704],[-69.998071,41.54365],[-70.011504,41.542924],[-70.016584,41.550772],[-70.015059,41.553037],[-70.010644,41.552692],[-70.00153,41.561953],[-69.994357,41.576846],[-69.987192,41.608579],[-69.973035,41.641046],[-69.973153,41.646963],[-69.975719,41.653738],[-69.996359,41.667184],[-70.007011,41.671579],[-70.014211,41.671971],[-70.029346,41.667744],[-70.055523,41.664843],[-70.089238,41.662813],[-70.140877,41.650423],[-70.158621,41.650438],[-70.191061,41.645259],[-70.245867,41.628479],[-70.25621,41.620698],[-70.25542,41.617541],[-70.259601,41.610863],[-70.265424,41.609333],[-70.269687,41.617775],[-70.26913,41.625742],[-70.274522,41.632927],[-70.28132,41.635125],[-70.321588,41.630508],[-70.338067,41.636338],[-70.351634,41.634687],[-70.360352,41.631069],[-70.364892,41.626721],[-70.364744,41.623671],[-70.369854,41.615888],[-70.379151,41.611361],[-70.400581,41.606382],[-70.437246,41.605329],[-70.461278,41.57182],[-70.476256,41.558502],[-70.485571,41.554244],[-70.522327,41.548965],[-70.559689,41.54833],[-70.611081,41.542989],[-70.633607,41.538254],[-70.643627,41.532357],[-70.654104,41.519025],[-70.663856,41.514031],[-70.675379,41.512623],[-70.705181,41.496677],[-70.734306,41.486335],[-70.757171,41.469917],[-70.756481,41.465977],[-70.760863,41.460947],[-70.79027,41.446339],[-70.817478,41.445562],[-70.835867,41.441877],[-70.857528,41.425767],[-70.866946,41.422378],[-70.902763,41.421061],[-70.948431,41.409193],[-70.951045,41.411777],[-70.949861,41.415323],[-70.928165,41.431265],[-70.923698,41.430716],[-70.918983,41.4253],[-70.906011,41.425708],[-70.883247,41.432239],[-70.855265,41.448892],[-70.828546,41.456448],[-70.802186,41.460864],[-70.787769,41.474609],[-70.775268,41.477465],[-70.753905,41.492256],[-70.745053,41.500966],[-70.658659,41.543385],[-70.654302,41.549926],[-70.653899,41.56516],[-70.642748,41.572385],[-70.640948,41.577325],[-70.652449,41.60521],[-70.651986,41.610184],[-70.640003,41.624616],[-70.645251,41.633547],[-70.652614,41.637829],[-70.650419,41.644202],[-70.638695,41.649427],[-70.637632,41.654573],[-70.646308,41.678433],[-70.649285,41.680943],[-70.661475,41.681756],[-70.645962,41.693794],[-70.62544,41.698691],[-70.623652,41.707398],[-70.626529,41.712995],[-70.644641,41.71898],[-70.656596,41.715401],[-70.670453,41.721912],[-70.708193,41.730959],[-70.718739,41.73574],[-70.726331,41.732731],[-70.728933,41.723433],[-70.721302,41.712968],[-70.717451,41.69398],[-70.719575,41.685002],[-70.729395,41.68814],[-70.744396,41.696967],[-70.755347,41.694326],[-70.761481,41.676808],[-70.76236,41.667735],[-70.758198,41.661225],[-70.757622,41.654265],[-70.765463,41.641575],[-70.769318,41.641145],[-70.776709,41.650756],[-70.813286,41.65567],[-70.815729,41.652796],[-70.816351,41.645995],[-70.804664,41.641157],[-70.800215,41.631753],[-70.801063,41.629513],[-70.810279,41.624873],[-70.835296,41.624532],[-70.843177,41.628487],[-70.852518,41.626919],[-70.855031,41.624283],[-70.850181,41.593529],[-70.853121,41.587321],[-70.857239,41.587705],[-70.868501,41.613733],[-70.869624,41.625608],[-70.889209,41.632904],[-70.913202,41.619266],[-70.904522,41.610361],[-70.899981,41.593504],[-70.901381,41.592504],[-70.910814,41.595506],[-70.920074,41.61081],[-70.927172,41.611253],[-70.929722,41.609479],[-70.93,41.600441],[-70.927393,41.594064],[-70.931338,41.5842],[-70.937978,41.577416],[-70.941588,41.581034],[-70.946911,41.581089],[-70.948797,41.579038],[-70.9473,41.573659],[-70.93783,41.565239],[-70.931545,41.540169],[-70.941785,41.540121],[-70.979225,41.530427],[-70.983354,41.520616],[-71.003275,41.511912],[-71.019354,41.508857],[-71.035514,41.499047],[-71.058418,41.505967],[-71.085663,41.509292],[-71.136867,41.493942],[-71.141093,41.489937],[-71.140224,41.485855],[-71.167345,41.471405],[-71.170131,41.463974],[-71.19302,41.457931],[-71.196857,41.461116],[-71.196607,41.464756],[-71.190016,41.478275],[-71.190167,41.484285],[-71.19939,41.491769],[-71.199692,41.495511],[-71.206382,41.499215],[-71.200788,41.514371],[-71.213563,41.545818],[-71.20865,41.571028],[-71.20778,41.60066],[-71.212656,41.610072],[-71.212004,41.62299],[-71.21616,41.62549],[-71.240709,41.619225],[-71.2436,41.587508],[-71.23613,41.574767],[-71.236642,41.535852],[-71.227989,41.528297],[-71.229444,41.521544],[-71.240614,41.500557],[-71.236751,41.483369],[-71.24071,41.474872],[-71.246703,41.47196],[-71.245992,41.481302],[-71.252692,41.485902],[-71.264793,41.488902],[-71.285639,41.487805],[-71.295111,41.48435],[-71.304394,41.454502],[-71.311394,41.450802],[-71.312718,41.454597],[-71.32141,41.4556],[-71.337695,41.448902],[-71.351096,41.450802],[-71.362743,41.460379],[-71.36152,41.464831],[-71.34707,41.47123],[-71.335992,41.469647],[-71.316519,41.47756],[-71.317414,41.488776],[-71.323125,41.503088],[-71.327804,41.504258],[-71.330694,41.507699],[-71.330831,41.518364],[-71.313079,41.534672],[-71.310533,41.54692],[-71.303652,41.559925],[-71.294363,41.571416],[-71.288376,41.573274],[-71.285142,41.577127],[-71.273445,41.60699],[-71.272412,41.615041],[-71.275234,41.619444],[-71.271862,41.623986],[-71.251082,41.63878],[-71.212136,41.641945],[-71.19564,41.67509],[-71.224798,41.710498],[-71.227875,41.705498],[-71.240991,41.697744],[-71.237635,41.681635],[-71.24155,41.667205],[-71.25956,41.642595],[-71.267055,41.644945],[-71.270075,41.652439],[-71.26918,41.6549],[-71.280366,41.672575],[-71.287637,41.672463],[-71.290546,41.662395],[-71.299159,41.649531],[-71.301396,41.649978],[-71.306095,41.672575],[-71.302627,41.681747],[-71.298935,41.681524],[-71.293119,41.688347],[-71.291217,41.702666],[-71.305759,41.718662],[-71.31482,41.723808],[-71.342786,41.728506],[-71.350057,41.727835],[-71.365717,41.711615],[-71.365717,41.694947],[-71.372988,41.672575],[-71.37791,41.666646],[-71.38988,41.671903],[-71.390551,41.684096],[-71.441336,41.686446],[-71.443082,41.688303],[-71.441896,41.690025],[-71.445923,41.691144],[-71.449318,41.687401],[-71.444468,41.664409],[-71.430038,41.667541],[-71.425452,41.670785],[-71.409302,41.662643],[-71.40377,41.589321],[-71.447712,41.5804],[-71.442567,41.565075],[-71.417398,41.534536],[-71.414937,41.516303],[-71.421425,41.498629],[-71.419971,41.484758],[-71.417957,41.482073],[-71.418404,41.472652],[-71.421157,41.469888],[-71.422991,41.472682],[-71.430744,41.470636],[-71.430926,41.465655],[-71.427935,41.459529],[-71.433612,41.444995],[-71.43767,41.441302],[-71.448948,41.438479],[-71.455845,41.432986],[-71.455371,41.407962],[-71.474918,41.386104],[-71.483295,41.371722],[-71.526724,41.376636],[-71.555381,41.373316],[-71.624505,41.36087],[-71.72074,41.331567],[-71.785957,41.325739],[-71.833755,41.315631],[-71.857432,41.306318],[-71.862772,41.309791],[-71.860513,41.320248]]],[[[-70.827398,41.602067],[-70.823735,41.598569],[-70.821743,41.583656],[-70.830087,41.585385],[-70.838452,41.59646],[-70.832044,41.606504],[-70.827398,41.602067]]],[[[-70.59628,41.471905],[-70.57485,41.468259],[-70.567356,41.471208],[-70.56328,41.469127],[-70.553277,41.452955],[-70.555588,41.430882],[-70.547567,41.415831],[-70.528581,41.4051],[-70.506984,41.400242],[-70.502372,41.392005],[-70.501306,41.385391],[-70.498959,41.384339],[-70.490758,41.383634],[-70.484503,41.38629],[-70.472604,41.399128],[-70.473035,41.408757],[-70.470788,41.412875],[-70.463833,41.419145],[-70.450431,41.420703],[-70.446233,41.39648],[-70.449268,41.380422],[-70.448262,41.353651],[-70.451084,41.348161],[-70.496162,41.346452],[-70.538294,41.348958],[-70.599157,41.349272],[-70.709826,41.341723],[-70.733253,41.336226],[-70.747541,41.329952],[-70.764188,41.318706],[-70.768015,41.311959],[-70.766166,41.308962],[-70.768687,41.303702],[-70.775665,41.300982],[-70.802083,41.314207],[-70.819415,41.327212],[-70.838777,41.347209],[-70.833802,41.353386],[-70.812309,41.355745],[-70.783291,41.347829],[-70.774974,41.349176],[-70.768901,41.353246],[-70.729225,41.397728],[-70.724366,41.398942],[-70.712432,41.40885],[-70.711493,41.41546],[-70.701378,41.430925],[-70.686881,41.441334],[-70.603555,41.482384],[-70.598444,41.481151],[-70.59628,41.471905]]],[[[-70.092142,41.297741],[-70.082072,41.299093],[-70.062565,41.308726],[-70.046088,41.321651],[-70.031332,41.339332],[-70.028805,41.359919],[-70.030924,41.367453],[-70.049564,41.3879],[-70.049053,41.391702],[-70.033514,41.385816],[-70.018446,41.36863],[-69.960277,41.278731],[-69.960181,41.264546],[-69.965725,41.252466],[-69.975,41.247392],[-70.001586,41.239353],[-70.015225,41.237964],[-70.083239,41.2444],[-70.096967,41.24085],[-70.118669,41.242351],[-70.170681,41.255881],[-70.237175,41.282724],[-70.256164,41.288123],[-70.266776,41.294453],[-70.273478,41.301528],[-70.275526,41.310464],[-70.260632,41.310092],[-70.249276,41.305623],[-70.244435,41.303203],[-70.240153,41.295384],[-70.229541,41.290171],[-70.20869,41.290171],[-70.196304,41.294612],[-70.12446,41.293851],[-70.092142,41.297741]]],[[[-71.383586,41.464782],[-71.389284,41.460605],[-71.390275,41.455043],[-71.399568,41.448596],[-71.40056,41.46094],[-71.395927,41.492215],[-71.386511,41.493071],[-71.378914,41.504948],[-71.391005,41.514578],[-71.392137,41.524468],[-71.384478,41.556736],[-71.379021,41.567772],[-71.373618,41.573214],[-71.370194,41.573963],[-71.36356,41.57086],[-71.359868,41.556308],[-71.363292,41.501952],[-71.360403,41.483121],[-71.380947,41.474561],[-71.383586,41.464782]]],[[[-71.326769,41.491286],[-71.325365,41.487601],[-71.327822,41.482985],[-71.343013,41.495615],[-71.341122,41.498598],[-71.326769,41.491286]]],[[[-71.3312,41.580318],[-71.335949,41.585898],[-71.337048,41.594688],[-71.333751,41.605859],[-71.329559,41.609097],[-71.326609,41.616114],[-71.325877,41.623988],[-71.333305,41.629536],[-71.34657,41.632229],[-71.362869,41.651457],[-71.366165,41.66098],[-71.348402,41.663727],[-71.338696,41.658782],[-71.336182,41.647961],[-71.342514,41.644791],[-71.343666,41.6399],[-71.330711,41.632992],[-71.314889,41.630398],[-71.30555,41.622523],[-71.303352,41.606591],[-71.307381,41.597984],[-71.317474,41.583187],[-71.326103,41.578583],[-71.3312,41.580318]]],[[[-71.281571,41.648207],[-71.278171,41.647309],[-71.274315,41.638125],[-71.283791,41.637797],[-71.286755,41.642725],[-71.283005,41.644434],[-71.281571,41.648207]]],[[[-71.58955,41.196557],[-71.580228,41.204837],[-71.576661,41.224434],[-71.573785,41.228436],[-71.561093,41.224207],[-71.554067,41.212957],[-71.564119,41.195372],[-71.565752,41.184373],[-71.560969,41.176186],[-71.550226,41.166787],[-71.544446,41.164912],[-71.543872,41.161321],[-71.547051,41.153684],[-71.5937,41.146339],[-71.599993,41.146932],[-71.611706,41.153239],[-71.613133,41.160281],[-71.605565,41.182139],[-71.594994,41.188392],[-71.58955,41.196557]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Connecticut\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","contact":"Director, New England Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
10 Bearfoot Road
Northborough, MA 01532
Sandbars along the Colorado River in Grand Canyon National Park, USA, are an important recreational resource used as campsites by over 25,000 river runners and hikers annually. The number and size of campsites decreased following the completion of Glen Canyon Dam in 1963 due to reductions of sediment that replenish sandbars and increases in vegetation cover caused by flow regulation. Campsite area continues to decrease despite the use of controlled floods to rebuild sandbars. We quantify the relative magnitude of factors that contribute to changes in campsite size, such as fluvial deposition and erosion, gullying, and vegetation expansion with analysis of four‐band aerial imagery and digital elevation models. Campsite area declined by 37% between 2002 and 2016 (an average of 161 m2 per site at long‐term monitoring sites). Two drivers contributed to campsite area change: (a) short‐term gains and losses associated with controlled floods and flood‐deposit erosion and (b) long‐term one‐directional loss of campsite area caused by vegetation encroachment. There was more erosion and slope change at sites in critical reaches—sections of river where campsites are infrequent or in high demand—than in noncritical reaches. Vegetation continues to expand at campsites under flow regulation, particularly in noncritical reaches. Although controlled floods have contributed to short‐term increases in sandbar size, long‐term increases in campsite area have not occurred because of sandbar erosion between controlled floods and vegetation expansion. Manual vegetation removal may need to be considered in future management strategies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.3349","usgsCitation":"Hadley, D., Grams, P.E., and Kaplinski, M.A., 2018, Quantifying geomorphic and vegetation change at sandbar campsites in response to flow regulation and controlled floods, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona: River Research and Applications, v. 34, no. 9, p. 1208-1218, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.3349.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1208","endPage":"1218","ipdsId":"IP-092936","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357670,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States ","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Grand Canyon National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.0106201171875,\n 35.70414710206052\n ],\n [\n -111.50848388671875,\n 35.70414710206052\n ],\n [\n -111.50848388671875,\n 36.89499795802219\n ],\n [\n -114.0106201171875,\n 36.89499795802219\n ],\n [\n -114.0106201171875,\n 35.70414710206052\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02fa2e4b0fc368eb5393d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hadley, Daniel R. 0000-0002-0701-7580","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0701-7580","contributorId":196522,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hadley","given":"Daniel R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grams, Paul E. 0000-0002-0873-0708 pgrams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0873-0708","contributorId":1830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grams","given":"Paul","email":"pgrams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kaplinski, Matthew A.","contributorId":139210,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaplinski","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70213053,"text":"70213053 - 2018 - Discussion of “Case study: Oso, Washington, landslide of March 22, 2014-Material properties and failure mechanism” by Timothy D. Stark, Ahmed K. Baghdady, Oldrich Hungr, and Jordan Aaron","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-08T16:16:13.80383","indexId":"70213053","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-04T11:06:01","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2327,"text":"Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Discussion of “Case study: Oso, Washington, landslide of March 22, 2014-Material properties and failure mechanism” by Timothy D. Stark, Ahmed K. Baghdady, Oldrich Hungr, and Jordan Aaron","docAbstract":"The original paper discusses factors that may have contributed to the occurrence and long runout of a disastrous landslide near the community of Oso, Washington, on March 22, 2014. The paper reinforces a prior finding that the long runout likely resulted from liquefaction of wet colluvium that was rapidly loaded by landslide debris impinging from upslope (Iverson et al. 2015). However, the original paper proposes a landslide geometry and chronology that differ from those presented in previous reports, and these differences have implications for interpreting the landslide’s mechanics. The paper also includes factual errors as well as misrepresentations that result from selective inclusion and exclusion of findings previously reported by others. The purposes of this discussion are to place the original paper in context and to rectify some of its mistakes.
Director,
Nevada Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2730 N. Deer Run Rd.
Carson City, NV 89701