Watersheds along the Gulf of Alaska (GOA) are undergoing climate warming, glacier volume loss, and shifts in the timing and volume of freshwater delivered to the eastern North Pacific Ocean. We estimate recent mean annual freshwater discharge to the GOA at 870 km3 yr−1. Small distributed coastal drainages contribute 78% of the freshwater discharge with the remainder delivered by larger rivers penetrating coastal ranges. Discharge from glaciers and icefields accounts for 47% of total freshwater discharge, with 10% coming from glacier volume loss associated with rapid thinning and retreat of glaciers along the GOA. Our results indicate the region of the GOA from Prince William Sound to the east, where glacier runoff contributes 371 km3 yr−1, is vulnerable to future changes in freshwater discharge as a result of glacier thinning and recession. Changes in timing and magnitude of freshwater delivery to the GOA could impact coastal circulation as well as biogeochemical fluxes to near-shore marine ecosystems and the eastern North Pacific Ocean.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2010GL042385","usgsCitation":"Neal, E., Hood, E., and Smikrud, K., 2010, Contribution of glacier runoff to freshwater discharge into the Gulf of Alaska: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 37, no. 6, L06404, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL042385.","productDescription":"L06404, 5 p.","ipdsId":"IP-017715","costCenters":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244975,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -130.5643051431098,\n 54.85785162136196\n ],\n [\n -129.801180793683,\n 55.30926018727044\n ],\n [\n -130.05112281823483,\n 56.11653618246086\n ],\n [\n -126.9202647445766,\n 58.122836369479074\n ],\n [\n -131.1053172808089,\n 58.64985745298324\n ],\n [\n -134.01303768387908,\n 58.89598721511487\n ],\n [\n -135.22581552995177,\n 59.79205648332888\n ],\n [\n -136.58772604104726,\n 61.381138106354456\n ],\n [\n -138.04626596912166,\n 61.314994015659465\n ],\n [\n -138.60432020410502,\n 60.559900526989736\n ],\n [\n -141.30606589228287,\n 60.85835871030659\n ],\n [\n -145.7776404980223,\n 62.42585111921909\n ],\n [\n -152.16883404556305,\n 62.35282028245135\n ],\n [\n -153.35139889498453,\n 60.75558264673788\n ],\n [\n -154.82659388980346,\n 58.900505909546524\n ],\n [\n -155.29844273269714,\n 58.068228502100084\n ],\n [\n -159.11395786204025,\n 56.22566963320148\n ],\n [\n -159.13770911858705,\n 55.7794500272806\n ],\n [\n -160.5686468615533,\n 55.60001966619387\n ],\n [\n -151.61152309709522,\n 56.29614858857559\n ],\n [\n -149.01826722688523,\n 59.33954713956638\n ],\n [\n -139.23128282370246,\n 58.41924911804145\n ],\n [\n -133.91910529039342,\n 54.471257628362025\n ],\n [\n -131.6077484541432,\n 54.27825021068048\n ],\n [\n -130.5643051431098,\n 54.85785162136196\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"37","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa82e4b0c8380cd4db34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neal, Edward G.","contributorId":68775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Edward G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hood, Eran","contributorId":106802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hood","given":"Eran","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smikrud, K.","contributorId":30850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smikrud","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70037602,"text":"70037602 - 2010 - Growth, condition factor, and bioenergetics modeling link warmer stream temperatures below a small dam to reduced performance of juvenile steelhead","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:06","indexId":"70037602","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth, condition factor, and bioenergetics modeling link warmer stream temperatures below a small dam to reduced performance of juvenile steelhead","docAbstract":"We investigated the growth and feeding performance of juvenile steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss using field measures and bioenergetics modeling. Juvenile steelhead populations were sampled from mid-June through August 2004 at study sites upstream and downstream of Hemlock Dam. The growth and diet of juvenile steelhead were determined for a warm (summer) and subsequent (late summer) transitional period at each study site. Empirical data on the growth and diet of juvenile steelhead and mean daily temperatures were used in a bioenergetics model to estimate the proportion of maximum consumption achieved by juvenile steelhead by site and period. Modeled estimates of feeding performance were better for juvenile steelhead at the upstream compared to the downstream site during both periods. The median condition factor of juvenile steelhead did not change over the summer at the upstream site, but showed a significant decline over time at the downstream site. A negative trend in median condition factor at the downstream site supported bioenergetics modeling results that suggested the warmer stream temperatures had a negative impact on juvenile steelhead. Bioenergetics modeling predicted a lower feeding performance for juvenile steelhead rearing downstream compared to upstream of Hemlock Dam although food availability appeared to be limited at both study sites during the warm period. Warmer water temperatures, greater diel variation, and change in diel pattern likely led to the reduced feeding performance and reduced growth, which could have affected the overall survival of juvenile steelhead downstream of Hemlock Dam. ?? 2010 by the Northwest Scientific Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northwest Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3955/046.084.0406","issn":"0029344X","usgsCitation":"Sauter, S., and Connolly, P., 2010, Growth, condition factor, and bioenergetics modeling link warmer stream temperatures below a small dam to reduced performance of juvenile steelhead: Northwest Science, v. 84, no. 4, p. 369-377, https://doi.org/10.3955/046.084.0406.","startPage":"369","endPage":"377","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218034,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3955/046.084.0406"},{"id":246011,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"84","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2e10e4b0c8380cd5c28f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sauter, S.T.","contributorId":13203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauter","given":"S.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Connolly, P.J.","contributorId":70141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connolly","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":461871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037407,"text":"70037407 - 2010 - Differentiating aquatic plant communities in a eutrophic river using hyperspectral and multispectral remote sensing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:09","indexId":"70037407","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Differentiating aquatic plant communities in a eutrophic river using hyperspectral and multispectral remote sensing","docAbstract":"This study evaluates the efficacy of remote sensing technology to monitor species composition, areal extent and density of aquatic plants (macrophytes and filamentous algae) in impoundments where their presence may violate water-quality standards. Multispectral satellite (IKONOS) images and more than 500 in situ hyperspectral samples were acquired to map aquatic plant distributions. By analyzing field measurements, we created a library of hyperspectral signatures for a variety of aquatic plant species, associations and densities. We also used three vegetation indices. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), near-infrared (NIR)-Green Angle Index (NGAI) and normalized water absorption depth (DH), at wavelengths 554, 680, 820 and 977 nm to differentiate among aquatic plant species composition, areal density and thickness in cases where hyperspectral analysis yielded potentially ambiguous interpretations. We compared the NDVI derived from IKONOS imagery with the in situ, hyperspectral-derived NDVI. The IKONOS-based images were also compared to data obtained through routine visual observations. Our results confirmed that aquatic species composition alters spectral signatures and affects the accuracy of remote sensing of aquatic plant density. The results also demonstrated that the NGAI has apparent advantages in estimating density over the NDVI and the DH. In the feature space of the three indices, 3D scatter plot analysis revealed that hyperspectral data can differentiate several aquatic plant associations. High-resolution multispectral imagery provided useful information to distinguish among biophysical aquatic plant characteristics. Classification analysis indicated that using satellite imagery to assess Lemna coverage yielded an overall agreement of 79% with visual observations and >90% agreement for the densest aquatic plant coverages. Interpretation of biophysical parameters derived from high-resolution satellite or airborne imagery should prove to be a valuable approach for assessing the effectiveness of management practices for controlling aquatic plant growth in inland waters, as well as for routine monitoring of aquatic plants in lakes and suitable lentic environments. ?? 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Freshwater Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2427.2010.02400.x","issn":"00465070","usgsCitation":"Tian, Y., Yu, Q., Zimmerman, M., Flint, S., and Waldron, M., 2010, Differentiating aquatic plant communities in a eutrophic river using hyperspectral and multispectral remote sensing: Freshwater Biology, v. 55, no. 8, p. 1658-1673, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2010.02400.x.","startPage":"1658","endPage":"1673","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217205,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2010.02400.x"},{"id":245132,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0104e4b0c8380cd4fa4f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tian, Y.Q.","contributorId":75358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tian","given":"Y.Q.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yu, Q.","contributorId":26163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yu","given":"Q.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zimmerman, M.J.","contributorId":89879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Flint, S.","contributorId":54046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Waldron, M.C.","contributorId":33342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldron","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70037662,"text":"70037662 - 2010 - Identification of nitrogen sources to four small lakes in the agricultural region of Khorezm, Uzbekistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-04T21:34:15","indexId":"70037662","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identification of nitrogen sources to four small lakes in the agricultural region of Khorezm, Uzbekistan","docAbstract":"Pollution of inland waters by agricultural land use is a concern in many areas of the world, and especially in arid regions, where water resources are inherently scarce. This study used physical and chemical water quality and stable nitrogen isotope (δ15N) measurements from zooplankton to examine nitrogen (N) sources and concentrations in four small lakes of Khorezm, Uzbekistan, an arid, highly agricultural region, which is part of the environmentally-impacted Aral Sea Basin. During the 2-year study period, ammonium concentrations were the highest dissolved inorganic N species in all lakes, with a maximum of 3.00 mg N l−1 and an average concentration of 0.62 mg N l−1. Nitrate levels were low, with a maximum concentration of 0.46 mg N l−1 and an average of 0.05 mg N l−1 for all four lakes. The limited zooplankton δ15N values did not correlate with the high loads of synthetic fertilizer applied to local croplands during summer months. These results suggest that the N cycles in these lakes may be more influenced by regional dynamics than agricultural activity in the immediate surroundings. The Amu-Darya River, which provides the main source of irrigation water to the region, was identified as a possible source of the primary N input to the lakes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biogeochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10533-010-9509-3","issn":"01682563","usgsCitation":"Shanafield, M., Rosen, M., Saito, L., Chandra, S., Lamers, J., and Nishonov, B., 2010, Identification of nitrogen sources to four small lakes in the agricultural region of Khorezm, Uzbekistan: Biogeochemistry, v. 101, no. 1-3, p. 357-368, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-010-9509-3.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"357","endPage":"368","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":218008,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10533-010-9509-3"},{"id":245984,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Uzbekistan","state":"Khorezm","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 60.06,40.56 ], [ 60.06,42.0 ], [ 62.36,42.0 ], [ 62.36,40.56 ], [ 60.06,40.56 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"101","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3833e4b0c8380cd614a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shanafield, M.","contributorId":66938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanafield","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosen, M.","contributorId":51575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosen","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Saito, L.","contributorId":59402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saito","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chandra, S.","contributorId":68867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chandra","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lamers, J.","contributorId":9100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamers","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nishonov, Bakhriddin","contributorId":15860,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nishonov","given":"Bakhriddin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70046745,"text":"dds49118 - 2010 - Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: Physiographic Provinces","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-25T16:06:22","indexId":"dds49118","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"491-18","title":"Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: Physiographic Provinces","docAbstract":"This tabular data set represents the area of each physiographic province (Fenneman and Johnson, 1946) in square meters, compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of selected Major River Basins (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The source data are from Fenneman and Johnson's Physiographic Provinces of the United States, which is based on 8 major divisions, 25 provinces, and 86 sections representing distinctive areas having common topography, rock type and structure, and geologic and geomorphic history (Fenneman and Johnson, 1946).The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the Rio Grande, Colorado, and the Great basin (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river basins, and California (MRB8).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/dds49118","usgsCitation":"Wieczorek, M., and LaMotte, A.E., 2010, Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: Physiographic Provinces: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 491-18, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/dds49118.","productDescription":"Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":274377,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274376,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/mrb_e2rf1_physio.xml"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -127.910792,23.243486 ], [ -127.910792,51.657387 ], [ -65.327751,51.657387 ], [ -65.327751,23.243486 ], [ -127.910792,23.243486 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51d2a4e5e4b0ca1848338a17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wieczorek, Michael mewieczo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieczorek","given":"Michael","email":"mewieczo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":480152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LaMotte, Andrew E. 0000-0002-1434-6518 alamotte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1434-6518","contributorId":2842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaMotte","given":"Andrew","email":"alamotte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037567,"text":"70037567 - 2010 - Analysis of the Arctic system for freshwater cycle intensification: Observations and expectations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-05T08:23:57","indexId":"70037567","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2216,"text":"Journal of Climate","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of the Arctic system for freshwater cycle intensification: Observations and expectations","docAbstract":"Hydrologic cycle intensification is an expected manifestation of a warming climate. Although positive trends in several global average quantities have been reported, no previous studies have documented broad intensification across elements of the Arctic freshwater cycle (FWC). In this study, the authors examine the character and quantitative significance of changes in annual precipitation, evapotranspiration, and river discharge across the terrestrial pan-Arctic over the past several decades from observations and a suite of coupled general circulation models (GCMs). Trends in freshwater flux and storage derived from observations across the Arctic Ocean and surrounding seas are also described.\n\nWith few exceptions, precipitation, evapotranspiration, and river discharge fluxes from observations and the GCMs exhibit positive trends. Significant positive trends above the 90% confidence level, however, are not present for all of the observations. Greater confidence in the GCM trends arises through lower interannual variability relative to trend magnitude. Put another way, intrinsic variability in the observations tends to limit confidence in trend robustness. Ocean fluxes are less certain, primarily because of the lack of long-term observations. Where available, salinity and volume flux data suggest some decrease in saltwater inflow to the Barents Sea (i.e., a decrease in freshwater outflow) in recent decades. A decline in freshwater storage across the central Arctic Ocean and suggestions that large-scale circulation plays a dominant role in freshwater trends raise questions as to whether Arctic Ocean freshwater flows are intensifying. Although oceanic fluxes of freshwater are highly variable and consistent trends are difficult to verify, the other components of the Arctic FWC do show consistent positive trends over recent decades. The broad-scale increases provide evidence that the Arctic FWC is experiencing intensification. Efforts that aim to develop an adequate observation system are needed to reduce uncertainties and to detect and document ongoing changes in all system components for further evidence of Arctic FWC intensification.","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/2010JCLI3421.1","issn":"08948755","usgsCitation":"Rawlins, M., Steele, M., Holland, M., Adam, J., Cherry, J., Francis, J., Groisman, P., Hinzman, L., Huntington, T., Kane, D., Kimball, J., Kwok, R., Lammers, R., Lee, C., Lettenmaier, D., McDonald, K., Podest, E., Pundsack, J., Rudels, B., Serreze, M.C., Shiklomanov, A., Skagseth, O., Troy, T., Vorosmarty, C., Wensnahan, M., Wood, E., Woodgate, R., Yang, D., Zhang, K., and Zhang, T., 2010, Analysis of the Arctic system for freshwater cycle intensification: Observations and expectations: Journal of Climate, v. 23, no. 21, p. 5715-5737, https://doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3421.1.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"5715","endPage":"5737","ipdsId":"IP-017451","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475785,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/2010jcli3421.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245980,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218005,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3421.1"}],"volume":"23","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb38e4b0c8380cd48cc3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rawlins, M.A.","contributorId":73445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rawlins","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steele, M.","contributorId":96122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steele","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holland, M.M.","contributorId":13074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holland","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Adam, J.C.","contributorId":23793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adam","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cherry, J.E.","contributorId":77398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cherry","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Francis, J.A.","contributorId":64490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Francis","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Groisman, P.Y.","contributorId":43603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Groisman","given":"P.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hinzman, L. 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The source data set is the 2000 Population Density by Block Group for the Conterminous United States (Hitt, 2003). The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) RF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the Rio Grande, Colorado, and the Great basin (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river basins, and California (MRB8).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/dds49119","usgsCitation":"Wieczorek, M., and LaMotte, A.E., 2010, Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments in Selected Major River Basins: Population Density, 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 491-19, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/dds49119.","productDescription":"Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":274380,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274379,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/mrb_e2rf1_popd00.xml"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -127.910792,23.243486 ], [ -127.910792,51.657387 ], [ -65.327751,51.657387 ], [ -65.327751,23.243486 ], [ -127.910792,23.243486 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51d2a4e6e4b0ca1848338a23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wieczorek, Michael mewieczo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieczorek","given":"Michael","email":"mewieczo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":480156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LaMotte, Andrew E. 0000-0002-1434-6518 alamotte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1434-6518","contributorId":2842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaMotte","given":"Andrew","email":"alamotte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70034008,"text":"70034008 - 2010 - Occurrence of organic wastewater and other contaminants in cave streams in northeastern Oklahoma and northwestern Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T10:23:35","indexId":"70034008","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occurrence of organic wastewater and other contaminants in cave streams in northeastern Oklahoma and northwestern Arkansas","docAbstract":"The prevalence of organic wastewater compounds in surface waters of the United States has been reported in a number of recent studies. In karstic areas, surface contaminants might be transported to groundwater and, ultimately, cave ecosystems, where they might impact resident biota. In this study, polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCISs) and semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) were deployed in six caves and two surface-water sites located within the Ozark Plateau of northeastern Oklahoma and northwestern Arkansas in order to detect potential chemical contaminants in these systems. All caves sampled were known to contain populations of the threatened Ozark cavefish (Amblyopsis rosae). The surface-water site in Oklahoma was downstream from the outfall of a municipal wastewater treatment plant and a previous study indicated a hydrologic link between this stream and one of the caves. A total of 83 chemicals were detected in the POCIS and SPMD extracts from the surface-water and cave sites. Of these, 55 chemicals were detected in the caves. Regardless of the sampler used, more compounds were detected in the Oklahoma surface-water site than in the Arkansas site or the caves. The organic wastewater chemicals with the greatest mass measured in the sampler extracts included sterols (cholesterol and ??-sitosterol), plasticizers [diethylhexylphthalate and tris (2-butoxyethyl) phosphate], the herbicide bromacil, and the fragrance indole. Sampler extracts from most of the cave sites did not contain many wastewater contaminants, although extracts from samplers in the Oklahoma surfacewater site and the cave hydrologically linked to it had similar levels of diethylhexyphthalate and common detections of carbamazapine, sulfamethoxazole, benzophenone, N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET), and octophenol monoethoxylate. Further evaluation of this system is warranted due to potential ongoing transport of wastewaterassociated chemicals into the cave. Halogenated organics found in caves and surface-water sites included brominated flame retardants, organochlorine pesticides (chlordane and nonachlor), and polychlorinated biphenyls. The placement of samplers in the caves (near the cave mouth compared to farther in the system) might have influenced the number of halogenated organics detected due to possible aerial transport of residues. Guano from cave-dwelling bats also might have been a source of some of these chlorinated organics. Seven-day survival and growth bioassays with fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) exposed to samples of cave water indicated initial toxicity in water from two of the caves, but these effects were transient, with no toxicity observed in follow-up tests.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/s00244-009-9388-6","issn":"00904341","usgsCitation":"Bidwell, J.R., Becker, C., Hensley, S., Stark, R., and Meyer, M.T., 2010, Occurrence of organic wastewater and other contaminants in cave streams in northeastern Oklahoma and northwestern Arkansas: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 58, no. 2, p. 286-298, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-009-9388-6.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"286","endPage":"298","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244894,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216987,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-009-9388-6"}],"country":"United States","volume":"58","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6bfde4b0c8380cd749e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bidwell, Joseph R.","contributorId":105122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bidwell","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Becker, Carol 0000-0001-6652-4542 cjbecker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6652-4542","contributorId":2489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becker","given":"Carol","email":"cjbecker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":443629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hensley, S.","contributorId":6175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hensley","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stark, R.","contributorId":56886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stark","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Meyer, Michael T. 0000-0001-6006-7985 mmeyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-7985","contributorId":866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Michael","email":"mmeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":443627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70193766,"text":"70193766 - 2010 - Marine electrical resistivity imaging of submarine groundwater discharge: Sensitivity analysis and application in Waquoit Bay, Massachusetts, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-21T12:49:34","indexId":"70193766","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Marine electrical resistivity imaging of submarine groundwater discharge: Sensitivity analysis and application in Waquoit Bay, Massachusetts, USA","docAbstract":"Electrical resistivity imaging has been used in coastal settings to characterize fresh submarine groundwater discharge and the position of the freshwater/salt-water interface because of the relation of bulk electrical conductivity to pore-fluid conductivity, which in turn is a function of salinity. Interpretation of tomograms for hydrologic processes is complicated by inversion artifacts, uncertainty associated with survey geometry limitations, measurement errors, and choice of regularization method. Variation of seawater over tidal cycles poses unique challenges for inversion. The capabilities and limitations of resistivity imaging are presented for characterizing the distribution of freshwater and saltwater beneath a beach. The experimental results provide new insight into fresh submarine groundwater discharge at Waquoit Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, East Falmouth, Massachusetts (USA). Tomograms from the experimental data indicate that fresh submarine groundwater discharge may shut down at high tide, whereas temperature data indicate that the discharge continues throughout the tidal cycle. Sensitivity analysis and synthetic modeling provide insight into resolving power in the presence of a time-varying saline water layer. In general, vertical electrodes and cross-hole measurements improve the inversion results regardless of the tidal level, whereas the resolution of surface arrays is more sensitive to time-varying saline water layer.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-009-0498-z","usgsCitation":"Henderson, R., Day-Lewis, F.D., Abarca, E., Harvey, C.F., Karam, H.N., Liu, L., and Lane, J.W., 2010, Marine electrical resistivity imaging of submarine groundwater discharge: Sensitivity analysis and application in Waquoit Bay, Massachusetts, USA: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 18, no. 1, p. 173-185, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-009-0498-z.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"173","endPage":"185","ipdsId":"IP-011944","costCenters":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348723,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Waquoit Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.54252624511719,\n 41.54815851009314\n ],\n [\n -70.46974182128906,\n 41.54815851009314\n ],\n [\n -70.46974182128906,\n 41.672398925907906\n ],\n [\n -70.54252624511719,\n 41.672398925907906\n ],\n [\n -70.54252624511719,\n 41.54815851009314\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a610acde4b06e28e9c256e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henderson, Rory rhenders@usgs.gov","contributorId":2083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henderson","given":"Rory","email":"rhenders@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":720313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day-Lewis, Frederick D. 0000-0003-3526-886X daylewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":1672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"Frederick","email":"daylewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Abarca, Elena","contributorId":199905,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Abarca","given":"Elena","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13299,"text":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harvey, Charles F.","contributorId":199836,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harvey","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":12444,"text":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Karam, Hanan N.","contributorId":199837,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karam","given":"Hanan","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":13299,"text":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Liu, Lanbo","contributorId":199850,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Lanbo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6619,"text":"University of Connecticutt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. jwlane@usgs.gov","contributorId":1738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jwlane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":720314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70179813,"text":"70179813 - 2010 - Historical deposition of mercury and selected trace elements to high-elevation National Parks in the Western U.S. inferred from lake-sediment cores","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T16:40:52","indexId":"70179813","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":924,"text":"Atmospheric Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Historical deposition of mercury and selected trace elements to high-elevation National Parks in the Western U.S. inferred from lake-sediment cores","docAbstract":"Atmospheric deposition of Hg and selected trace elements was reconstructed over the past 150 years using sediment cores collected from nine remote, high-elevation lakes in Rocky Mountain National Park in Colorado and Glacier National Park in Montana. Cores were age dated by 210Pb, and sedimentation rates were determined using the constant rate of supply model. Hg concentrations in most of the cores began to increase around 1900, reaching a peak sometime after 1980. Other trace elements, particularly Pb and Cd, showed similar post-industrial increases in lake sediments, confirming that anthropogenic contaminants are reaching remote areas of the Rocky Mountains via atmospheric transport and deposition. Preindustrial (pre-1875) Hg fluxes in the sediment ranged from 5.7 to 42 μg m−2 yr−1 and modern (post-1985) fluxes ranged from 17.7 to 141 μg m−2 yr−1. The average ratio of modern to preindustrial fluxes was 3.2, which is similar to remote lakes elsewhere in North America. Estimates of net atmospheric deposition based on the cores were 3.1 μg m−2 yr−1 for preindustrial and 11.7 μg m−2 yr−1for modern times. Current-day measurements of wet deposition range from 5.0 to 8.6 μg m−2 yr−1, which are lower than the modern sediment-based estimate of 11.7 μg m−2 yr−1, perhaps owing to inputs of dry-deposited Hg to the lakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.04.024","usgsCitation":"Mast, M.A., Manthorne, D.J., and Roth, D.A., 2010, Historical deposition of mercury and selected trace elements to high-elevation National Parks in the Western U.S. inferred from lake-sediment cores: Atmospheric Environment, v. 44, no. 21-22, p. 2577-2586, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.04.024.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2577","endPage":"2586","ipdsId":"IP-004457","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333358,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"21-22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58808d72e4b01dfadfff155b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mast, M. Alisa 0000-0001-6253-8162 mamast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6253-8162","contributorId":827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mast","given":"M.","email":"mamast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Alisa","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manthorne, David J.","contributorId":90380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manthorne","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roth, David A. 0000-0002-7515-3533 daroth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7515-3533","contributorId":2340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roth","given":"David","email":"daroth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70193762,"text":"70193762 - 2010 - Improved hydrogeophysical characterization and monitoring through parallel modeling and inversion of time-domain resistivity andinduced-polarization data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-23T17:00:27","indexId":"70193762","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improved hydrogeophysical characterization and monitoring through parallel modeling and inversion of time-domain resistivity andinduced-polarization data","docAbstract":"Electrical geophysical methods have found wide use in the growing discipline of hydrogeophysics for characterizing the electrical properties of the subsurface and for monitoring subsurface processes in terms of the spatiotemporal changes in subsurface conductivity, chargeability, and source currents they govern. Presently, multichannel and multielectrode data collections systems can collect large data sets in relatively short periods of time. Practitioners, however, often are unable to fully utilize these large data sets and the information they contain because of standard desktop-computer processing limitations. These limitations can be addressed by utilizing the storage and processing capabilities of parallel computing environments. We have developed a parallel distributed-memory forward and inverse modeling algorithm for analyzing resistivity and time-domain induced polar-ization (IP) data. The primary components of the parallel computations include distributed computation of the pole solutions in forward mode, distributed storage and computation of the Jacobian matrix in inverse mode, and parallel execution of the inverse equation solver. We have tested the corresponding parallel code in three efforts: (1) resistivity characterization of the Hanford 300 Area Integrated Field Research Challenge site in Hanford, Washington, U.S.A., (2) resistivity characterization of a volcanic island in the southern Tyrrhenian Sea in Italy, and (3) resistivity and IP monitoring of biostimulation at a Superfund site in Brandywine, Maryland, U.S.A. Inverse analysis of each of these data sets would be limited or impossible in a standard serial computing environment, which underscores the need for parallel high-performance computing to fully utilize the potential of electrical geophysical methods in hydrogeophysical applications.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/1.3475513","usgsCitation":"Johnson, T., Versteeg, R.J., Ward, A., Day-Lewis, F.D., and Revil, A., 2010, Improved hydrogeophysical characterization and monitoring through parallel modeling and inversion of time-domain resistivity andinduced-polarization data: Geophysics, v. 75, no. 4, p. WA27-WA41, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3475513.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"WA27","endPage":"WA41","ipdsId":"IP-017886","costCenters":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349080,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a610acee4b06e28e9c256e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Timothy C.","contributorId":99884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Timothy C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Versteeg, Roelof J.","contributorId":199843,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Versteeg","given":"Roelof","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ward, Andy","contributorId":7184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"Andy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Day-Lewis, Frederick D. 0000-0003-3526-886X daylewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":1672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"Frederick","email":"daylewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":722692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Revil, André","contributorId":38879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Revil","given":"André","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70194875,"text":"70194875 - 2010 - Controls on biochemical oxygen demand in the upper Klamath River, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-26T09:56:42","indexId":"70194875","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Controls on biochemical oxygen demand in the upper Klamath River, Oregon","docAbstract":"A series of 30-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) experiments were conducted on water column samples from a reach of the upper Klamath River that experiences hypoxia and anoxia in summer. Samples were incubated with added nitrification inhibitor to measure carbonaceous BOD (CBOD), untreated to measure total BOD, which included demand from nitrogenous BOD (NBOD), and coarse-filtered to examine the effect of removing large particulate matter. All BOD data were fit well with a two-group model, so named because it considered contributions from both labile and refractory pools of carbon: BODt = a1(1 − e− a0t) + a2t. Site-average labile first-order decay rates a0 ranged from 0.15 to 0.22/day for CBOD and 0.11 to 0.29/day for BOD. Site-average values of refractory zero-order decay rates a2 ranged from 0.13 to 0.25 mg/L/day for CBOD and 0.01 to 0.45 mg/L/day for BOD; the zero-order CBOD decay rate increased from early- to mid-summer. Values of ultimate CBOD for the labile component a1 ranged from 5.5 to 28.8 mg/L for CBOD, and 7.6 to 30.8 mg/L for BOD. Two upstream sites had higher CBOD compared to those downstream. Maximum measured total BOD5 and BOD30 during the study were 26.5 and 55.4 mg/L; minimums were 4.2 and 13.6 mg/L. For most samples, the oxygen demand from the three components considered here were: labile CBOD > NBOD > refractory CBOD, though the relative importance of refractory CBOD to oxygen demand increased over time. Coarse-filtering reduced CBOD for samples with high particulate carbon and high biovolumes of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae. There was a strong positive correlation between BOD, CBOD, and the labile component of CBOD to particulate C and N, with weaker positive correlation to field pH, field dissolved oxygen, and total N. The refractory component of CBOD was not correlated to particulate matter, instead showing weak but statistically significant correlation to dissolved organic carbon, UV absorbance at 254 nm, and total N. Particulate organic matter, especially the alga A.flos-aquae, is an important component of oxygen demand in this reach of the Klamath River, though refractory dissolved organic matter would continue to exert an oxygen demand over longer time periods and as water travels downstream.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.08.007","usgsCitation":"Sullivan, A., Snyder, D.M., and Rounds, S.A., 2010, Controls on biochemical oxygen demand in the upper Klamath River, Oregon: Chemical Geology, v. 269, no. 1-2, p. 12-21, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.08.007.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"12","endPage":"21","ipdsId":"IP-013602","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350636,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Klamath River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.99150085449219,\n 42.0518419954737\n ],\n [\n -121.73538208007811,\n 42.0518419954737\n ],\n [\n -121.73538208007811,\n 42.288992779814045\n ],\n [\n -121.99150085449219,\n 42.288992779814045\n ],\n [\n -121.99150085449219,\n 42.0518419954737\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"269","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6c4c99e4b06e28e9cabb24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sullivan, Annett B. 0000-0001-7783-3906 annett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7783-3906","contributorId":79821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Annett B.","email":"annett@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":725841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Snyder, Dean M.","contributorId":201484,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Snyder","given":"Dean","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rounds, Stewart A. 0000-0002-8540-2206 sarounds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8540-2206","contributorId":905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rounds","given":"Stewart","email":"sarounds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":725843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70042023,"text":"70042023 - 2010 - Ninespine Stickleback Abundance in Lake Michigan Increases After Dreissenid Mussel Invasion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-05T13:38:05","indexId":"70042023","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ninespine Stickleback Abundance in Lake Michigan Increases After Dreissenid Mussel Invasion","docAbstract":"Based on data from our annual lakewide bottom trawl survey of Lake Michigan, we determined that density of ninespine sticklebacks Pungitius pungitius increased from an average of 0.234 kg/ha during 1973–1995 to an average of 1.318 kg/ha during 1996–2007. This greater-than-fivefold increase in density coincided with the dreissenid mussel invasion of Lake Michigan. Intervention analysis revealed that ninespine stickleback density in Lake Michigan significantly increased between the two time periods. In contrast, based on data from our annual bottom trawl survey of U.S. waters of Lake Superior, ninespine stickleback density decreased from an average of 0.133 kg/ha during 1978–1999 to an average of only 0.026 kg/ha during 2000–2007. This greater-than-fivefold density decrease, which was found to be significant via intervention analysis, coincided with population recovery for both lean and fat morphotypes of lake trout Salvelinus namaycush in Lake Superior. In contrast to Lake Michigan, dreissenid mussels have not invaded Lake Superior on a lakewide basis. Thus, a comparison of these two lakes indicated that the increase in ninespine stickleback abundance in Lake Michigan was most likely attributable to the dreissenid mussel invasion. In addition, based on our correlation analysis, alewives Alosa pseudoharengus did not have an adverse effect on ninespine stickleback abundance in Lake Michigan. Perhaps the recent increase in biomass of green algae Cladophora spp. associated with the dreissenid mussel invasion improved spawning habitat quality for ninespine sticklebacks and led to their stepwise abundance increase in Lake Michigan beginning in 1996","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"London, UK","doi":"10.1577/T09-005.1","usgsCitation":"Madenjian, C.P., Bunnell, D., and Gorman, O.T., 2010, Ninespine Stickleback Abundance in Lake Michigan Increases After Dreissenid Mussel Invasion: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 139, no. 1, p. 11-20, https://doi.org/10.1577/T09-005.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"10","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-011436","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268767,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268766,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T09-005.1"}],"volume":"139","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5137220de4b02ab8869c0010","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madenjian, Charles P. 0000-0002-0326-164X cmadenjian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0326-164X","contributorId":2200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"Charles","email":"cmadenjian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bunnell, David B.","contributorId":14360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunnell","given":"David B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gorman, Owen T. 0000-0003-0451-110X otgorman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0451-110X","contributorId":2888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorman","given":"Owen","email":"otgorman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70035295,"text":"70035295 - 2010 - Predicting the retreat and migration of tidal forests along the northern Gulf of Mexico under sea-level rise","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-09T15:29:31","indexId":"70035295","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting the retreat and migration of tidal forests along the northern Gulf of Mexico under sea-level rise","docAbstract":"Tidal freshwater forests in coastal regions of the southeastern United States are undergoing dieback and retreat from increasing tidal inundation and saltwater intrusion attributed to climate variability and sea-level rise. In many areas, tidal saltwater forests (mangroves) contrastingly are expanding landward in subtropical coastal reaches succeeding freshwater marsh and forest zones. Hydrological characteristics of these low-relief coastal forests in intertidal settings are dictated by the influence of tidal and freshwater forcing. In this paper, we describe the application of the Sea Level Over Proportional Elevation (SLOPE) model to predict coastal forest retreat and migration from projected sea-level rise based on a proxy relationship of saltmarsh/mangrove area and tidal range. The SLOPE model assumes that the sum area of saltmarsh/mangrove habitat along any given coastal reach is determined by the slope of the landform and vertical tide forcing. Model results indicated that saltmarsh and mangrove migration from sea-level rise will vary by county and watershed but greater in western Gulf States than in the eastern Gulf States where millions of hectares of coastal forest will be displaced over the next century with a near meter rise in relative sea level alone. Substantial losses of coastal forests will also occur in the eastern Gulf but mangrove forests in subtropical zones of Florida are expected to replace retreating freshwater forest and affect regional biodiversity. Accelerated global eustacy from climate change will compound the degree of predicted retreat and migration of coastal forests with expected implications for ecosystem management of State and Federal lands in the absence of adaptive coastal management.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2009.10.023","issn":"03781127","usgsCitation":"Doyle, T., Krauss, K., Conner, W., and From, A., 2010, Predicting the retreat and migration of tidal forests along the northern Gulf of Mexico under sea-level rise: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 259, no. 4, p. 770-777, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.10.023.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"770","endPage":"777","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242936,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.8154296875,\n 25.284437746983055\n ],\n [\n -83.232421875,\n 30.259067203213018\n ],\n [\n -84.814453125,\n 30.41078179084589\n ],\n [\n -88.681640625,\n 30.751277776257812\n ],\n [\n -91.1865234375,\n 30.107117887092357\n ],\n [\n -94.9658203125,\n 29.954934549656144\n ],\n [\n -98.1298828125,\n 27.761329874505233\n ],\n [\n -97.2509765625,\n 25.878994400196202\n ],\n [\n -80.8154296875,\n 25.284437746983055\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"259","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a81d8e4b0c8380cd7b781","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doyle, T.W. 0000-0001-5754-0671","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5754-0671","contributorId":16783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doyle","given":"T.W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krauss, K. W. 0000-0003-2195-0729","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":19517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"K. W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conner, W.H.","contributorId":54165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conner","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"From, A.S. 0000-0002-6543-2627","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6543-2627","contributorId":34346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"From","given":"A.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036424,"text":"70036424 - 2010 - Inherent Limitations of Hydraulic Tomography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:03","indexId":"70036424","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inherent Limitations of Hydraulic Tomography","docAbstract":"We offer a cautionary note in response to an increasing level of enthusiasm regarding high-resolution aquifer characterization with hydraulic tomography. We use synthetic examples based on two recent field experiments to demonstrate that a high degree of nonuniqueness remains in estimates of hydraulic parameter fields even when those estimates are based on simultaneous analysis of a number of carefully controlled hydraulic tests. We must, therefore, be careful not to oversell the technique to the community of practicing hydrogeologists, promising a degree of accuracy and resolution that, in many settings, will remain unattainable, regardless of the amount of effort invested in the field investigation. No practically feasible amount of hydraulic tomography data will ever remove the need to regularize or bias the inverse problem in some fashion in order to obtain a unique solution. Thus, along with improving the resolution of hydraulic tomography techniques, we must also strive to couple those techniques with procedures for experimental design and uncertainty assessment and with other more cost-effective field methods, such as geophysical surveying and, in unconsolidated formations, direct-push profiling, in order to develop methods for subsurface characterization with the resolution and accuracy needed for practical field applications. Copyright ?? 2010 The Author(s). Journal compilation ?? 2010 National Ground Water Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00757.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Bohling, G.C., and Butler, J., 2010, Inherent Limitations of Hydraulic Tomography: Ground Water, v. 48, no. 6, p. 809-824, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00757.x.","startPage":"809","endPage":"824","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246411,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218408,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00757.x"}],"volume":"48","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-09-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3bcfe4b0c8380cd62844","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bohling, Geoffrey C.","contributorId":43109,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bohling","given":"Geoffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Butler, J.J.","contributorId":55605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"J.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70034190,"text":"70034190 - 2010 - Influence of shell morphology on distributions of unionids in the upper Mississippi River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:45","indexId":"70034190","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2393,"text":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of shell morphology on distributions of unionids in the upper Mississippi River","docAbstract":"Attempts to predict the distribution of unionids from readily measurable microhabitat descriptors (i.e. water depth, current velocity, stream size, sediment type) have been largely unsuccessful, but certain biological and calculated hydraulic variables have recently shown some predictive power. We used historic and recent data on unionids (from 1987 to 2003) and hydraulic conditions at 438 sample locations over a 38-km reach of the Upper Mississippi River (Navigation Pool 8) to compare the distribution of unionids with different shell morphologies. We evaluated whether sculptured, thick-shelled (STK) species would be found in areas with higher velocity and shear stress, compared to nonsculptured, thin-shelled (NSTN) species. We used classification trees to model the presence and absence of STK and NSTN species to determine which variables were most likely to predict their distribution. Candidate predictor variables included sampling gear, field substrate, water depth (bathymetry), slope, velocity, shear stress and Froude number under low, moderate and high discharges. Our models predicted that STK mussels would occupy a larger portion of the total aquatic area in this reach of the river than NSTN mussels. However, our data demonstrated that NSTN species used areas of higher shear stress and velocity than STK species, but were also present in backwaters with low energy, thus rejecting our hypothesis. The presence of NSTN species over a wide range of shear stress and velocity was probably due to the wide array of life histories displayed within this guild. Overall, these results are consistent with the flow refuge concept in which unionids are more prevalent in areas with low to moderate hydraulic stresses, regardless of shell morphology, and demonstrate the importance of incorporating abiotic and biotic variables into predictive models.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1093/mollus/eyp045","issn":"02601230","usgsCitation":"Bartsch, M., Zigler, S.J., Newton, T., and Sauer, J., 2010, Influence of shell morphology on distributions of unionids in the upper Mississippi River: Journal of Molluscan Studies, v. 76, no. 1, p. 67-76, https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/eyp045.","startPage":"67","endPage":"76","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475945,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/eyp045","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":216759,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mollus/eyp045"},{"id":244646,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b7be4b0c8380cd62580","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartsch, M.R.","contributorId":42908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartsch","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zigler, S. J.","contributorId":21513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zigler","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Newton, T.J.","contributorId":104428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sauer, J.S.","contributorId":106455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70034188,"text":"70034188 - 2010 - Vulnerability of age-0 pallid sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus to fish predation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:46","indexId":"70034188","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vulnerability of age-0 pallid sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus to fish predation","docAbstract":"Stocking is a commonly employed conservation strategy for endangered species such as the pallid sturgeon, Scaphirhynchus albus. However, decisions about when, where and at what size pallid sturgeon should be stocked are hindered because vulnerability of pallid sturgeon to fish predation is not known. The objective of this study was to evaluate the vulnerability of age-0 pallid sturgeon to predation by two Missouri River predators under different flow regimes, and in combination with alternative prey. To document vulnerability, age-0 pallid sturgeon (<100 mm) were offered to channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus and smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu in laboratory experiments. Selection of pallid sturgeon by both predators was measured by offering pallid sturgeon and an alternative prey, fathead minnows Pimephales promelas, in varying prey densities. Smallmouth bass consumed more age-0 pallid sturgeon (0.95 h-1) than did channel catfish (0.13 h-1), and predation rates did not differ between water velocities supporting sustained (0 m s-1) or prolonged swimming speeds (0.15 m s-1). Neither predator positively selected pallid sturgeon when alternative prey was available. Both predator species consumed more fathead minnows than pallid sturgeon across all prey density combinations. Results indicate that the vulnerability of age-0 pallid sturgeon to predation by channel catfish and smallmouth bass is low, especially in the presence of an alternative fish prey. ?? 2009 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01356.x","issn":"01758659","usgsCitation":"French, W.E., Graeb, B.D., Chipps, S., Bertrand, K., Selch, T., and Klumb, R.A., 2010, Vulnerability of age-0 pallid sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus to fish predation: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 26, no. 1, p. 6-10, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01356.x.","startPage":"6","endPage":"10","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216727,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01356.x"},{"id":244613,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc377e4b08c986b32b1c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"French, William E.","contributorId":97355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"French","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graeb, B. D. S.","contributorId":80916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graeb","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"D. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chipps, S. R. 0000-0001-6511-7582","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6511-7582","contributorId":40369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chipps","given":"S. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bertrand, K.N.","contributorId":52381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bertrand","given":"K.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Selch, T.M.","contributorId":34327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selch","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Klumb, Robert A.","contributorId":86606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klumb","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":561,"text":"South Dakota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":444525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70034038,"text":"70034038 - 2010 - Impacts of precipitation seasonality and ecosystem types on evapotranspiration in the Yukon River Basin, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-06T12:17:35","indexId":"70034038","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of precipitation seasonality and ecosystem types on evapotranspiration in the Yukon River Basin, Alaska","docAbstract":"Evapotranspiration (ET) is the largest component of water loss from terrestrial ecosystems; however, large uncertainties exist when estimating the temporal and spatial variations of ET because of concurrent shifts in the magnitude and seasonal distribution of precipitation as well as differences in the response of ecosystem ET to environmental variabilities. In this study, we examined the impacts of precipitation seasonality and ecosystem types on ET quantified by eddy covariance towers from 2002 to 2004 in three ecosystems (grassland, deciduous broadleaf forest, and evergreen needleleaf forest) in the Yukon River Basin, Alaska. The annual precipitation changed greatly in both magnitude and seasonal distribution through the three investigated years. Observations and model results showed that ET was more sensitive to precipitation scarcity in the early growing season than in the late growing season, which was the direct result of different responses of ET components to precipitation in different seasons. The results demonstrated the importance of seasonal variations of precipitation in regulating annual ET and overshadowing the function of annual precipitation. Comparison of ET among ecosystems over the growing season indicated that ET was largest in deciduous broadleaf, intermediate in evergreen needleleaf, and lowest in the grassland ecosystem. These ecosystem differences in ET were related to differences in successional stages and physiological responses.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2009WR008119","issn":"00431397","usgsCitation":"Yuan, W., Liu, S., Liu, H., Randerson, J.T., Yu, G., and Tieszen, L., 2010, Impacts of precipitation seasonality and ecosystem types on evapotranspiration in the Yukon River Basin, Alaska: Water Resources Research, v. 46, no. 2, p. 1-16, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009WR008119.","productDescription":"W02514; 16 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475833,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2009wr008119","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":244799,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216900,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009WR008119"}],"volume":"46","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-02-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a38f4e4b0c8380cd61755","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yuan, W.","contributorId":35955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yuan","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, S.","contributorId":93170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liu, H.","contributorId":12222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Randerson, J. T.","contributorId":41181,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Randerson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yu, G.","contributorId":61198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yu","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tieszen, L.L.","contributorId":24046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tieszen","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70035547,"text":"70035547 - 2010 - Importance of coastal change variables in determining vulnerability to sea- and lake-level change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:49","indexId":"70035547","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Importance of coastal change variables in determining vulnerability to sea- and lake-level change","docAbstract":"In 2001, the U.S. Geological Survey began conducting scientific assessments of coastal vulnerability to potential future sea- and lake-level changes in 22 National Park Service sea- and lakeshore units. Coastal park units chosen for the assessment included a variety of geological and physical settings along the U.S. Atlantic, Pacific, Gulf of Mexico, Gulf of Alaska, Caribbean, and Great Lakes shorelines. This research is motivated by the need to understand and anticipate coastal changes caused by accelerating sea-level rise, as well as lake-level changes caused by climate change, over the next century. The goal of these assessments is to provide information that can be used to make long-term (decade to century) management decisions. Here we analyze the results of coastal vulnerability assessments for several coastal national park units. Index-based assessments quantify the likelihood that physical changes may occur based on analysis of the following variables: tidal range, ice cover, wave height, coastal slope, historical shoreline change rate, geomorphology, and historical rate of relative sea- or lake-level change. This approach seeks to combine a coastal system's susceptibility to change with its natural ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions, and it provides a measure of the system's potential vulnerability to the effects of sea- or lake-level change. Assessments for 22 park units are combined to evaluate relationships among the variables used to derive the index. Results indicate that Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico parks have the highest vulnerability rankings relative to other park regions. A principal component analysis reveals that 99% of the index variability can be explained by four variables: geomorphology, regional coastal slope, water-level change rate, and mean significant wave height. Tidal range, ice cover, and historical shoreline change are not as important when the index is evaluated at large spatial scales (thousands of kilometers). ?? 2010 Coastal Education and Research Foundation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Coastal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2112/08-1102.1","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Pendleton, E., Thieler, E., and Williams, S., 2010, Importance of coastal change variables in determining vulnerability to sea- and lake-level change: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 26, no. 1, p. 176-183, https://doi.org/10.2112/08-1102.1.","startPage":"176","endPage":"183","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475799,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2112/08-1102.1","text":"External Repository"},{"id":216451,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2112/08-1102.1"},{"id":244322,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3937e4b0c8380cd61849","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pendleton, E.A.","contributorId":9742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pendleton","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thieler, E.R. 0000-0003-4311-9717","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4311-9717","contributorId":93082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieler","given":"E.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, S.J.","contributorId":85203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70037085,"text":"70037085 - 2010 - Response of a macrotidal estuary to changes in anthropogenic mercury loading between 1850 and 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T09:59:54","indexId":"70037085","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of a macrotidal estuary to changes in anthropogenic mercury loading between 1850 and 2000","docAbstract":"Methylmercury (MeHg) bioaccumulation in marine food webs poses risks to fish-consuming populations and wildlife. Here we develop and test an estuarine mercury cycling model for a coastal embayment of the Bay of Fundy, Canada. Mass budget calculations reveal that MeHg fluxes into sediments from settling solids exceed losses from sediment-to-water diffusion and resuspension. Although measured methylation rates in benthic sediments are high, rapid demethylation results in negligible net in situ production of MeHg. These results suggest that inflowing fluvial and tidal waters, rather than coastal sediments, are the dominant MeHg sources for pelagic marine food webs in this region. Model simulations show water column MeHg concentrations peaked in the 1960s and declined by almost 40% by the year 2000. Water column MeHg concentrations respond rapidly to changes in mercury inputs, reaching 95% of steady state in approximately 2 months. Thus, MeHg concentrations in pelagic organisms can be expected to respond rapidly to mercury loading reductions achieved through regulatory controls. In contrast MeHg concentrations in sediments have steadily increased since the onset of industrialization despite recent decreases in total mercury loading. Benthic food web MeHg concentrations are likely to continue to increase over the next several decades at present-day mercury emissions levels because the deep active sediment layer in this system contains a large amount of legacy mercury and requires hundreds of years to reach steady state with inputs.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es9032524","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Sunderl, E., Dalziel, J., Heyes, A., Branfireun, B., Krabbenhoft, D., and Gobas, F., 2010, Response of a macrotidal estuary to changes in anthropogenic mercury loading between 1850 and 2000: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 44, no. 5, p. 1698-1704, https://doi.org/10.1021/es9032524.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1698","endPage":"1704","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245020,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217103,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es9032524"}],"volume":"44","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaa28e4b0c8380cd86196","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sunderl, E.M.","contributorId":9088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sunderl","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dalziel, J.","contributorId":64484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalziel","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heyes, A.","contributorId":58051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heyes","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Branfireun, B.A.","contributorId":92843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Branfireun","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":118001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David P.","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":459309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gobas, F.A.P.C.","contributorId":8700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gobas","given":"F.A.P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70034259,"text":"70034259 - 2010 - The release of dissolved nutrients and metals from coastal sediments due to resuspension","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-30T14:21:12","indexId":"70034259","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2662,"text":"Marine Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The release of dissolved nutrients and metals from coastal sediments due to resuspension","docAbstract":"Coastal sediments in many regions are impacted by high levels of contaminants. Due to a combination of shallow water depths, waves, and currents, these sediments are subject to regular episodes of sediment resuspension. However, the influence of such disturbances on sediment chemistry and the release of solutes is poorly understood. The aim of this study is to quantify the release of dissolved metals (iron, manganese, silver, copper, and lead) and nutrients due to resuspension in Boston Harbor, Massachusetts, USA. Using a laboratory-based erosion chamber, a range of typical shear stresses was applied to fine-grained Harbor sediments and the solute concentration at each shear stress was measured. At low shear stress, below the erosion threshold, limited solutes were released. Beyond the erosion threshold, a release of all solutes, except lead, was observed and the concentrations increased with shear stress. The release was greater than could be accounted for by conservative mixing of porewaters into the overlying water, suggesting that sediment resuspension enhances the release of nutrients and metals to the dissolved phase. To address the long-term fate of resuspended particles, samples from the erosion chamber were maintained in suspension for 90. h. Over this time, 5-7% of the particulate copper and silver was released to the dissolved phase, while manganese was removed from solution. Thus resuspension releases solutes both during erosion events and over a longer timescale due to reactions of suspended particles in the water column. The magnitude of the annual solute release during erosion events was estimated by coupling the erosion chamber results with a record of bottom shear stresses simulated by a hydrodynamic model. The release of dissolved copper, lead, and phosphate due to resuspension is between 2% and 10% of the total (dissolved plus particulate phase) known inputs to Boston Harbor. Sediment resuspension is responsible for transferring a significant quantity of solid phase metals to the more bioavailable and mobile dissolved phase. The relative importance of sediment resuspension as a source of dissolved metals to Boston Harbor is expected to increase as continuing pollutant control decreases the inputs from other sources. ?? 2010 Elsevier B.V.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marchem.2010.05.002","issn":"03044203","usgsCitation":"Kalnejais, L.H., Martin, W.R., and Bothner, M., 2010, The release of dissolved nutrients and metals from coastal sediments due to resuspension: Marine Chemistry, v. 121, no. 1-4, p. 224-235, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2010.05.002.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"224","endPage":"235","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-013150","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244682,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216790,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2010.05.002"}],"volume":"121","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baf30e4b08c986b3245fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kalnejais, Linda H.","contributorId":24865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalnejais","given":"Linda","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, William R.","contributorId":196033,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martin","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bothner, Michael H. mbothner@usgs.gov","contributorId":139855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bothner","given":"Michael H.","email":"mbothner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":444955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70034258,"text":"70034258 - 2010 - Sources of suspended-sediment flux in streams of the chesapeake bay watershed: A regional application of the sparrow model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:46","indexId":"70034258","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sources of suspended-sediment flux in streams of the chesapeake bay watershed: A regional application of the sparrow model","docAbstract":"We describe the sources and transport of fluvial suspended sediment in nontidal streams of the Chesapeake Bay watershed and vicinity. We applied SPAtially Referenced Regressions on Watershed attributes, which spatially correlates estimated mean annual flux of suspended sediment in nontidal streams with sources of suspended sediment and transport factors. According to our model, urban development generates on average the greatest amount of suspended sediment per unit area (3,928 Mg/km2/year), although agriculture is much more widespread and is the greatest overall source of suspended sediment (57 Mg/km2/year). Factors affecting sediment transport from uplands to streams include mean basin slope, reservoirs, physiography, and soil permeability. On average, 59% of upland suspended sediment generated is temporarily stored along large rivers draining the Coastal Plain or in reservoirs throughout the watershed. Applying erosion and sediment controls from agriculture and urban development in areas of the northern Piedmont close to the upper Bay, where the combined effects of watershed characteristics on sediment transport have the greatest influence may be most helpful in mitigating sedimentation in the bay and its tributaries. Stream restoration efforts addressing floodplain and bank stabilization and incision may be more effective in smaller, headwater streams outside of the Coastal Plain. ?? 2010 American Water Resources Association. No claim to original U.S. government works.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00450.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Brakebill, J., Ator, S., and Schwarz, G., 2010, Sources of suspended-sediment flux in streams of the chesapeake bay watershed: A regional application of the sparrow model: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 46, no. 4, p. 757-776, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00450.x.","startPage":"757","endPage":"776","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475988,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00450.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":216764,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00450.x"},{"id":244651,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9394e4b08c986b31a58c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brakebill, J. W.","contributorId":48206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brakebill","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ator, S.W. 0000-0002-9186-4837","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9186-4837","contributorId":104100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ator","given":"S.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schwarz, G. E. 0000-0002-9239-4566","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9239-4566","contributorId":14852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwarz","given":"G. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}