Many species of snakes display arboreal behavior and are often found in vegetation many meters above ground. Mojave Desert snake species rarely get very far above the ground surface and are perhaps limited by predominantly low growing vegetation. Coluber flagellum piceus is considered strictly diurnal and although may ascend vegetation while active, is thought to retreat to subterranean refugia at night. Werler and Dixon (2000. Texas Snakes: Identification, Distribution, and Natural History. University of Texas Press, Austin. 437 pp.) stated “The western coachwhip is active above ground only during daylight hours. It almost invariably retires to depths of an animal burrow before sundown, where it spends the night.” The normal morning activity period for C. flagellum appears to be from approximately 0700–1000 h from June through September (Jones and Whitford 1989. Southwest. Nat. 34:460–467). Secor and Nagy (1994. Ecology 75:1600–1614), and Secor (1995. Herpetol. Monogr. 9:169–186) determined that the average body temperature for active above ground activity of C. flagellum was (33.1°C + 0.1°C, range of 24.0°C–40.8°C, N = 502), stating that coachwhip snakes were seldom active on the surface with body temperatures below 28°C. Here, I report a C. f. piceus that apparently spent the night draped in a Creosote Bush (Larrea tridentata).
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","usgsCitation":"Medica, P.A., 2011, Coluber (= Masticophis) flagellum piceus (Red Racer). Arboreal/nocturnal behavior: Herpetological Review, v. 42, no. 4, p. 612-613.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"612","endPage":"613","ipdsId":"IP-025476","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347921,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":347914,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ssarherps.org/herpetological-review-pdfs/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Clark County","volume":"42","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98bc2e4b0531197afa089","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Medica, Phil A. 0000-0002-5901-8841 pmedica@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5901-8841","contributorId":3226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medica","given":"Phil","email":"pmedica@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037020,"text":"70037020 - 2011 - Potential misuse of avian density as a conservation metric","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-27T18:44:28.616356","indexId":"70037020","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential misuse of avian density as a conservation metric","docAbstract":": Effective conservation metrics are needed to evaluate the success of management in a rapidly changing world. Reproductive rates and densities of breeding birds (as a surrogate for reproductive rate) have been used to indicate the quality of avian breeding habitat, but the underlying assumptions of these metrics rarely have been examined. When birds are attracted to breeding areas in part by the presence of conspecifics and when breeding in groups influences predation rates, the effectiveness of density and reproductive rate as indicators of habitat quality is reduced. It is beneficial to clearly distinguish between individual- and population-level processes when evaluating habitat quality. We use the term reproductive rate to refer to both levels and further distinguish among levels by using the terms per capita fecundity (number of female offspring per female per year, individual level) and population growth rate (the product of density and per capita fecundity, population level). We predicted how density and reproductive rate interact over time under density-independent and density-dependent scenarios, assuming the ideal free distribution model of how birds settle in breeding habitats. We predicted population density of small populations would be correlated positively with both per capita fecundity and population growth rate due to the Allee effect. For populations in the density-dependent growth phase, we predicted no relation between density and per capita fecundity (because individuals in all patches will equilibrate to the same success rate) and a positive relation between density and population growth rate. Several ecological theories collectively suggest that positive correlations between density and per capita fecundity would be difficult to detect. We constructed a decision tree to guide interpretation of positive, neutral, nonlinear, and negative relations between density and reproductive rates at individual and population levels.
","language":"English, Spanish","publisher":"Society for Conservation Biology","doi":"10.1111/j.1523-1739.2010.01571.x","issn":"08888892","usgsCitation":"Skagen, S.K., and Yackel Adams, A.A., 2011, Potential misuse of avian density as a conservation metric: Conservation Biology, v. 25, no. 1, p. 48-55, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2010.01571.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"48","endPage":"55","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217041,"rank":2,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2010.01571.x"},{"id":244952,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-09-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7f4be4b0c8380cd7aa44","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skagen, Susan K. 0000-0002-6744-1244 skagens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6744-1244","contributorId":2009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skagen","given":"Susan","email":"skagens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":459008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yackel Adams, Amy A. 0000-0002-7044-8447 yackela@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7044-8447","contributorId":3116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackel Adams","given":"Amy","email":"yackela@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036867,"text":"70036867 - 2011 - The 25 October 2010 Mentawai tsunami earthquake, from real-time discriminants, finite-fault rupture, and tsunami excitation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:59","indexId":"70036867","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 25 October 2010 Mentawai tsunami earthquake, from real-time discriminants, finite-fault rupture, and tsunami excitation","docAbstract":"The moment magnitude 7.8 earthquake that struck offshore the Mentawai islands in western Indonesia on 25 October 2010 created a locally large tsunami that caused more than 400 human causalities. We identify this earthquake as a rare slow-source tsunami earthquake based on: 1) disproportionately large tsunami waves; 2) excessive rupture duration near 125 s; 3) predominantly shallow, near-trench slip determined through finite-fault modeling; and 4) deficiencies in energy-to-moment and energy-to-duration-cubed ratios, the latter in near-real time. We detail the real-time solutions that identified the slow-nature of this event, and evaluate how regional reductions in crustal rigidity along the shallow trench as determined by reduced rupture velocity contributed to increased slip, causing the 5-9 m local tsunami runup and observed transoceanic wave heights observed 1600 km to the southeast. Copyright 2011 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2010GL046498","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Newman, A., Hayes, G., Wei, Y., and Convers, J., 2011, The 25 October 2010 Mentawai tsunami earthquake, from real-time discriminants, finite-fault rupture, and tsunami excitation: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 38, no. 5, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL046498.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217798,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010GL046498"},{"id":245770,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba651e4b08c986b32104f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Newman, A.V.","contributorId":85806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newman","given":"A.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayes, G.","contributorId":81349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wei, Y.","contributorId":9502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wei","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Convers, J.","contributorId":17857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Convers","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036841,"text":"70036841 - 2011 - Spatial variability of biotic and abiotic tree establishment constraints across a treeline ecotone in the Alaska Range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-18T18:49:49.518611","indexId":"70036841","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial variability of biotic and abiotic tree establishment constraints across a treeline ecotone in the Alaska Range","docAbstract":"Throughout interior Alaska (USA), a gradual warming trend in mean monthly temperatures occurred over the last few decades (∼∼2-–4°°C). The accompanying increases in woody vegetation at many alpine treeline (hereafter treeline) locations provided an opportunity to examine how biotic and abiotic local site conditions interact to control tree establishment patterns during warming. We devised a landscape ecological approach to investigate these relationships at an undisturbed treeline in the Alaska Range. We identified treeline changes between 1953 (aerial photography) and 2005 (satellite imagery) in a geographic information system (GIS) and linked them with corresponding local site conditions derived from digital terrain data, ancillary climate data, and distance to 1953 trees. Logistic regressions enabled us to rank the importance of local site conditions in controlling tree establishment. We discovered a spatial transition in the importance of tree establishment controls. The biotic variable (proximity to 1953 trees) was the most important tree establishment predictor below the upper tree limit, providing evidence of response lags with the abiotic setting and suggesting that tree establishment is rarely in equilibrium with the physical environment or responding directly to warming. Elevation and winter sun exposure were important predictors of tree establishment at the upper tree limit, but proximity to trees persisted as an important tertiary predictor, indicating that tree establishment may achieve equilibrium with the physical environment. However, even here, influences from the biotic variable may obscure unequivocal correlations with the abiotic setting (including temperature). Future treeline expansion will likely be patchy and challenging to predict without considering the spatial variability of influences from biotic and abiotic local site conditions.
","largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","language":"English","doi":"10.1890/09-1725.1","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"Stueve, K., Isaacs, R., Tyrrell, L., and Densmore, R., 2011, Spatial variability of biotic and abiotic tree establishment constraints across a treeline ecotone in the Alaska Range: Ecology, v. 92, no. 2, p. 496-506, https://doi.org/10.1890/09-1725.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"496","endPage":"506","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245831,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217859,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/09-1725.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Denali National Park and Preserve","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -149.78759765625,\n 62.75472592723178\n ],\n [\n -148.765869140625,\n 63.27812271092345\n ],\n [\n -148.68347167968747,\n 63.70715578169752\n ],\n [\n -148.9306640625,\n 64.19681461100495\n ],\n [\n -150.00732421875,\n 64.65211223878967\n ],\n [\n -153.34716796875,\n 63.95667333648766\n ],\n [\n -153.45703125,\n 63.05495931065107\n ],\n [\n -153.5009765625,\n 62.34960927573042\n ],\n [\n -152.0947265625,\n 62.2679226294176\n ],\n [\n -151.1279296875,\n 62.57310578449978\n ],\n [\n -149.78759765625,\n 62.75472592723178\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"92","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b94b2e4b08c986b31abf7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stueve, K.M.","contributorId":11860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stueve","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Isaacs, R.E.","contributorId":40833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Isaacs","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tyrrell, L.E.","contributorId":41265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tyrrell","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Densmore, R.V.","contributorId":72953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Densmore","given":"R.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036837,"text":"70036837 - 2011 - Interannual variation of rare earth element abundances in corals from northern coast of the South China Sea and its relation with sea-level change and human activities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-18T19:17:49.416737","indexId":"70036837","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2664,"text":"Marine Environmental Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interannual variation of rare earth element abundances in corals from northern coast of the South China Sea and its relation with sea-level change and human activities","docAbstract":"Here we present interannual rare earth element (REE) records spanning the last two decades of the 20th century in two living Porites corals, collected from Longwan Bay, close to the estuarine zones off Wanquan River of Hainan Island and Hong Kong off the Pearl River Delta of Guangdong Province in the northern South China Sea. The results show that both coral REE contents (0.5–40 ng g−1 in Longwan Bay and 2–250 ng g−1 in Hong Kong for La–Lu) are characterized with a declining trend, which are significantly negative correlated with regional sea-level rise (9.4 mm a−1 from 1981 to 1996 in Longwan Bay, 13.7 mm a−1 from 1991 to 2001 in Hong Kong). The REE features are proposed to be resulted from seawater intrusion into the estuaries in response to contemporary sea-level rise. However, the tendency for the coral Er/Nd time series at Hong Kong site is absent and there is no significant relation between Er/Nd and total REEs as found for the coral at Longwan Bay site. The observations are likely attributed to changes of the water discharge and sediment load of Pearl River, which have been significantly affected by intense human activities, such as the construction of dams/reservoirs and riverbed sediment mining, in past decades. The riverine sediment load/discharge ratio of the Pearl River decreased sharply with a rate of 0.02 kg m−3 a−1, which could make significant contribution to the declining trend of coral REE. We propose that coastal corals in Longwan Bay and similar unexplored sites with little influences of river discharge and anthropogenic disruption are ideal candidates to investigate the influence of sea-level change on seawater/coral REE.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2010.10.003","issn":"01411136","usgsCitation":"Liu, Y., Peng, Z., Wei, G., Chen, T., Sun, W., He, J., Liu, G., Chou, C.L., and Shen, C., 2011, Interannual variation of rare earth element abundances in corals from northern coast of the South China Sea and its relation with sea-level change and human activities: Marine Environmental Research, v. 71, no. 1, p. 62-69, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2010.10.003.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"62","endPage":"69","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245769,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217797,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2010.10.003"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"South China Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 108.19335937499999,\n 16.88865978738161\n ],\n [\n 111.884765625,\n 16.88865978738161\n ],\n [\n 111.884765625,\n 21.289374355860424\n ],\n [\n 108.19335937499999,\n 21.289374355860424\n ],\n [\n 108.19335937499999,\n 16.88865978738161\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 112.8515625,\n 20.797201434307\n ],\n [\n 115.48828125000001,\n 20.797201434307\n ],\n [\n 115.48828125000001,\n 23.483400654325642\n ],\n [\n 112.8515625,\n 23.483400654325642\n ],\n [\n 112.8515625,\n 20.797201434307\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"71","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3ceae4b0c8380cd63152","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liu, Yajing","contributorId":16553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Yajing","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peng, Z.","contributorId":95598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peng","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wei, G.","contributorId":105415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wei","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chen, T.","contributorId":107836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sun, W.","contributorId":69692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sun","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"He, J.","contributorId":95993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"He","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Liu, Gaisheng","contributorId":15158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Gaisheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Chou, C. L.","contributorId":32655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chou","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Shen, C.-C.","contributorId":25018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shen","given":"C.-C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70036815,"text":"70036815 - 2011 - An observation of a partially albinistic zenaida macroura (Mourning Dove)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:58","indexId":"70036815","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3444,"text":"Southeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An observation of a partially albinistic zenaida macroura (Mourning Dove)","docAbstract":"Abstract Three of the 4 forms of albinism that occur in avifauna have been detected in Zenaida macroura (Mourning Dove). Albinism is rare in this species, and the incidence rate of each age and sex cohort is not well known. Consequently, we examined the pigmentation of Mourning Doves encountered in the Coastal Plain of South Carolina, and classified the age and sex of all individuals. One adult male Mourning Dove had unusually light coloration of some feathers and the upper mandible. This pigmentation is consistent with partial albinism. This was the only individual out of 10,749 examined that appeared to be albinistic. This low incidence rate of albinism supports the conclusion that this condition is relatively rare in Mourning Doves (Mirarchi 1993).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southeastern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1656/058.010.0117","issn":"15287092","usgsCitation":"Berdeen, J., and Otis, D.L., 2011, An observation of a partially albinistic zenaida macroura (Mourning Dove): Southeastern Naturalist, v. 10, no. 1, p. 185-188, https://doi.org/10.1656/058.010.0117.","startPage":"185","endPage":"188","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217885,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1656/058.010.0117"},{"id":245858,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea95e4b0c8380cd4896d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berdeen, James","contributorId":54319,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berdeen","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6964,"text":"Minnesota Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":457976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Otis, David L.","contributorId":64396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otis","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036765,"text":"70036765 - 2011 - Estimating detection and density of the Andean cat in the high Andes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-08T15:46:43.265367","indexId":"70036765","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating detection and density of the Andean cat in the high Andes","docAbstract":"The Andean cat (Leopardus jacobita) is one of the most endangered, yet least known, felids. Although the Andean cat is considered at risk of extinction, rigorous quantitative population studies are lacking. Because physical observations of the Andean cat are difficult to make in the wild, we used a camera-trapping array to photo-capture individuals. The survey was conducted in northwestern Argentina at an elevation of approximately 4,200 m during October-December 2006 and April-June 2007. In each year we deployed 22 pairs of camera traps, which were strategically placed. To estimate detection probability and density we applied models for spatial capture-recapture using a Bayesian framework. Estimated densities were 0.07 and 0.12 individual/km2 for 2006 and 2007, respectively. Mean baseline detection probability was estimated at 0.07. By comparison, densities of the Pampas cat (Leopardus colocolo), another poorly known felid that shares its habitat with the Andean cat, were estimated at 0.74–0.79 individual/km2 in the same study area for 2006 and 2007, and its detection probability was estimated at 0.02. Despite having greater detectability, the Andean cat is rarer in the study region than the Pampas cat. Properly accounting for the detection probability is important in making reliable estimates of density, a key parameter in conservation and management decisions for any species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1644/10-MAMM-A-053.1","usgsCitation":"Reppucci, J., Gardner, B., and Lucherini, M., 2011, Estimating detection and density of the Andean cat in the high Andes: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 92, no. 1, p. 140-147, https://doi.org/10.1644/10-MAMM-A-053.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"140","endPage":"147","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475619,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1644/10-mamm-a-053.1","text":"External Repository"},{"id":245488,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Argentina","otherGeospatial":"High Andes","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -67.67578124999999,\n -25.16517336866393\n ],\n [\n -63.6328125,\n -25.16517336866393\n ],\n [\n -63.6328125,\n -21.69826549685252\n ],\n [\n -67.67578124999999,\n -21.69826549685252\n ],\n [\n -67.67578124999999,\n -25.16517336866393\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"92","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b15e4b0c8380cd5256b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reppucci, Juan","contributorId":24487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reppucci","given":"Juan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gardner, Beth","contributorId":140853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"Beth","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":457721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lucherini, Mauro","contributorId":24488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucherini","given":"Mauro","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036672,"text":"70036672 - 2011 - Episodic intrusion, internal differentiation, and hydrothermal alteration of the Miocene Tatoosh intrusive suite south of Mount Rainier, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-04T20:33:21.261928","indexId":"70036672","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Episodic intrusion, internal differentiation, and hydrothermal alteration of the Miocene Tatoosh intrusive suite south of Mount Rainier, Washington","docAbstract":"The Miocene Tatoosh intrusive suite south of Mount Rainier is composed of three broadly granodioritic plutons that are manifestations of ancestral Cascades arc magmatism. Tatoosh intrusive suite plutons have individually diagnostic characteristics, including texture, mineralogy, and geochemistry, and apparently lack internal contacts. New ion-microprobe U-Pb zircon ages indicate crystallization of the Stevens pluton ca. 19.2 Ma, Reflection-Pyramid pluton ca. 18.5 Ma, and Nisqually pluton ca. 17.5 Ma. The Stevens pluton includes rare, statistically distinct ca. 20.1 Ma zircon antecrysts. Wide-ranging zircon rare earth element (REE), Hf, U, and Th concentrations suggest late crystallization from variably evolved residual liquids. Zircon Eu/Eu*–Hf covariation is distinct for each of the Reflection-Pyramid, Nisqually, and Stevens plutons. Although most Tatoosh intrusive suite rocks have been affected by weak hydrothermal alteration, and sparse mineralized veins cut some of these rocks, significant base or precious metal mineralization is absent.
At the time of shallow emplacement, each of these magma bodies was largely homogeneous in bulk composition and petrographic features, but, prior to final solidification, each of the Tatoosh intrusive suite plutons developed internal compositional variation. Geochemical and petrographic trends within each pluton are most consistent with differential loss of residual melt, possibly represented by late aplite dikes or erupted as rhyolite, from crystal-rich magma. Crystal-rich magma that formed each pluton evidently accumulated in reservoirs below the present level of exposure and then intruded to a shallow depth. Assembled by episodic intrusion, the Tatoosh intrusive suite may be representative of midsized composite plutonic complexes beneath arc volcanoes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B30095.1","usgsCitation":"du Bray, E.A., Bacon, C.R., John, D.A., Wooden, J., and Mazdab, F.K., 2011, Episodic intrusion, internal differentiation, and hydrothermal alteration of the Miocene Tatoosh intrusive suite south of Mount Rainier, Washington: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 123, no. 3-4, p. 534-561, https://doi.org/10.1130/B30095.1.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"534","endPage":"561","numberOfPages":"28","ipdsId":"IP-012525","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245546,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount Ranier National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.33001708984374,\n 46.552249889362926\n ],\n [\n -121.3055419921875,\n 46.552249889362926\n ],\n [\n -121.3055419921875,\n 47.11686892229326\n ],\n [\n -122.33001708984374,\n 47.11686892229326\n ],\n [\n -122.33001708984374,\n 46.552249889362926\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"123","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-10-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a11e4b0c8380cd521b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"du Bray, Edward A. 0000-0002-4383-8394 edubray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4383-8394","contributorId":755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"du Bray","given":"Edward","email":"edubray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bacon, Charles R. 0000-0002-2165-5618 cbacon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2165-5618","contributorId":2909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bacon","given":"Charles","email":"cbacon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"John, David A. 0000-0001-7977-9106 djohn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7977-9106","contributorId":1748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"John","given":"David","email":"djohn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wooden, Joseph L.","contributorId":32209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"Joseph L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mazdab, Frank K. 0000-0002-1577-8857","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1577-8857","contributorId":193429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazdab","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036440,"text":"70036440 - 2011 - Migrating swarms of brittle-failure earthquakes in the lower crust beneath Mammoth Mountain, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-12T13:46:23","indexId":"70036440","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Migrating swarms of brittle-failure earthquakes in the lower crust beneath Mammoth Mountain, California","docAbstract":"Brittle-failure earthquakes in the lower crust, where high pressures and temperatures would typically promote ductile deformation, are relatively rare but occasionally observed beneath active volcanic centers. Where they occur, these earthquakes provide a rare opportunity to observe volcanic processes in the lower crust, such as fluid injection and migration, which may induce brittle faulting under these conditions. Here, we examine recent short-duration earthquake swarms deep beneath the southwestern margin of Long Valley Caldera, near Mammoth Mountain. We focus in particular on a swarm that occurred September 29-30, 2009. To maximally illuminate the spatial-temporal progression, we supplement catalog events by detecting additional small events with similar waveforms in the continuous data, achieving up to a 10-fold increase in the number of locatable events. We then relocate all events, using cross-correlation and a double-difference algorithm. We find that the 2009 swarm exhibits systematically decelerating upward migration, with hypocenters shallowing from 21 to 19 km depth over approximately 12 hours. This relatively high migration rate, combined with a modest maximum magnitude of 1.4 in this swarm, suggests the trigger might be ascending CO2 released from underlying magma.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2011GL049336","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Shelly, D., and Hill, D., 2011, Migrating swarms of brittle-failure earthquakes in the lower crust beneath Mammoth Mountain, California: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 38, no. 20, 6 p.; L20307, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL049336.","productDescription":"6 p.; L20307","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475147,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011gl049336","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":218176,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011GL049336"},{"id":246161,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mammouth Mountain","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.042639,37.620768 ], [ -119.042639,37.640772 ], [ -119.022631,37.640772 ], [ -119.022631,37.620768 ], [ -119.042639,37.620768 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"38","issue":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a56f2e4b0c8380cd6d93f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shelly, D.R.","contributorId":53179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelly","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, D.P.","contributorId":27432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036430,"text":"70036430 - 2011 - Modelling detectability of kiore (Rattus exulans) on Aguiguan, Mariana Islands, to inform possible eradication and monitoring efforts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-11T20:10:34.36895","indexId":"70036430","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2867,"text":"New Zealand Journal of Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Modelling detectability of kiore (Rattus exulans) on Aguiguan, Mariana Islands, to inform possible eradication and monitoring efforts","title":"Modelling detectability of kiore (Rattus exulans) on Aguiguan, Mariana Islands, to inform possible eradication and monitoring efforts","docAbstract":"Estimating the detection probability of introduced organisms during the pre-monitoring phase of an eradication effort can be extremely helpful in informing eradication and post-eradication monitoring efforts, but this step is rarely taken. We used data collected during 11 nights of mark-recapture sampling on Aguiguan, Mariana Islands, to estimate introduced kiore (Rattus exulans Peale) density and detection probability, and evaluated factors affecting detectability to help inform possible eradication efforts. Modelling of 62 captures of 48 individuals resulted in a model-averaged density estimate of 55 kiore/ha. Kiore detection probability was best explained by a model allowing neophobia to diminish linearly (i.e. capture probability increased linearly) until occasion 7, with additive effects of sex and cumulative rainfall over the prior 48 hours. Detection probability increased with increasing rainfall and females were up to three times more likely than males to be trapped. In this paper, we illustrate the type of information that can be obtained by modelling mark-recapture data collected during pre-eradication monitoring and discuss the potential of using these data to inform eradication and post-eradication monitoring efforts.
","largerWorkTitle":"New Zealand Journal of Ecology","language":"English","publisher":"New Zealand Ecological Society.","issn":"01106465","usgsCitation":"Adams, A., Stanford, J., Wiewel, A., and Rodda, G., 2011, Modelling detectability of kiore (Rattus exulans) on Aguiguan, Mariana Islands, to inform possible eradication and monitoring efforts: New Zealand Journal of Ecology, v. 35, no. 2, p. 145-152.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"145","endPage":"152","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246482,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mariana Islands","otherGeospatial":"Aguiguan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 145.04150390625,\n 14.562317701914855\n ],\n [\n 146.326904296875,\n 14.562317701914855\n ],\n [\n 146.326904296875,\n 15.728813770533966\n ],\n [\n 145.04150390625,\n 15.728813770533966\n ],\n [\n 145.04150390625,\n 14.562317701914855\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c65e4b0c8380cd6fc72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, A.A.Y.","contributorId":50369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"A.A.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stanford, J.W.","contributorId":90963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanford","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wiewel, A.S.","contributorId":8682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiewel","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rodda, G.H.","contributorId":103998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodda","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036374,"text":"70036374 - 2011 - Molecular detection of vertebrates in stream water: A demonstration using rocky mountain tailed frogs and Idaho giant salamanders","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-17T14:19:05","indexId":"70036374","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Molecular detection of vertebrates in stream water: A demonstration using rocky mountain tailed frogs and Idaho giant salamanders","docAbstract":"Stream ecosystems harbor many secretive and imperiled species, and studies of vertebrates in these systems face the challenges of relatively low detection rates and high costs. Environmental DNA (eDNA) has recently been confirmed as a sensitive and efficient tool for documenting aquatic vertebrates in wetlands and in a large river and canal system. However, it was unclear whether this tool could be used to detect low-density vertebrates in fast-moving streams where shed cells may travel rapidly away from their source. To evaluate the potential utility of eDNA techniques in stream systems, we designed targeted primers to amplify a short, species-specific DNA fragment for two secretive stream amphibian species in the northwestern region of the United States (Rocky Mountain tailed frogs, Ascaphus montanus, and Idaho giant salamanders, Dicamptodon aterrimus). We tested three DNA extraction and five PCR protocols to determine whether we could detect eDNA of these species in filtered water samples from five streams with varying densities of these species in central Idaho, USA. We successfully amplified and sequenced the targeted DNA regions for both species from stream water filter samples. We detected Idaho giant salamanders in all samples and Rocky Mountain tailed frogs in four of five streams and found some indication that these species are more difficult to detect using eDNA in early spring than in early fall. While the sensitivity of this method across taxa remains to be determined, the use of eDNA could revolutionize surveys for rare and invasive stream species. With this study, the utility of eDNA techniques for detecting aquatic vertebrates has been demonstrated across the majority of freshwater systems, setting the stage for an innovative transformation in approaches for aquatic research.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0022746","issn":"19326203","usgsCitation":"Goldberg, C., Pilliod, D., Arkle, R., and Waits, L., 2011, Molecular detection of vertebrates in stream water: A demonstration using rocky mountain tailed frogs and Idaho giant salamanders: PLoS ONE, v. 6, no. 7, e22746, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022746.","productDescription":"e22746","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475354,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022746","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":218172,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022746"},{"id":246157,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-07-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5cffe4b0c8380cd700bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldberg, C.S.","contributorId":39551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldberg","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pilliod, D. S.","contributorId":45259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pilliod","given":"D. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arkle, R.S.","contributorId":86997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arkle","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Waits, L.P.","contributorId":58987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waits","given":"L.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036326,"text":"70036326 - 2011 - Diets of the sympatric pacific sheath-tailed bat (Emballonura semicaudata rotensis) and Mariana Swiftlet (Aerodramus bartscht) on Aguiguan, Mariana Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-27T21:54:27.035205","indexId":"70036326","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2990,"text":"Pacific Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Diets of the sympatric pacific sheath-tailed bat (Emballonura semicaudata rotensis) and Mariana Swiftlet (Aerodramus bartscht) on Aguiguan, Mariana Islands","title":"Diets of the sympatric pacific sheath-tailed bat (Emballonura semicaudata rotensis) and Mariana Swiftlet (Aerodramus bartscht) on Aguiguan, Mariana Islands","docAbstract":"The Pacific sheath-tailed bat (Emballonura semicaudata rotensis) and Mariana swiftlet (Aerodramus bartschi) are two rare insectivorous taxa restricted to the southern Mariana Islands in western Micronesia. It is believed that populations of both have dwindled because of impacts to their food resources. However, there is little information on the food habits of A. bartschi and none exists for E. s. rotensis. In an effort to better understand the feeding habits of both, we investigated their diets using guano analysis. Guano was collected from two roosts in caves during a 2-week period in June and July at the onset of the rainy season. Important orders of insects consumed (percentage volume) by bats roosting at one cave included hymenopterans (64%), coleopterans (10%), lepidopterans (8%), isopterans (8%), and psocopterans (5%), whereas those at a second cave included lepidopterans (45%), hymenopterans (41%), coleopterans (10%), and isopterans (5%). Swiftlets, which roosted in only one of the caves, fed mostly on hymenopterans (88%) and hemipterans (6%). Significant differences existed between the two taxa in several insect orders eaten, with E. s. rotensis consuming more lepidopterans and coleopterans and A. bartschi taking more hymenopterans and hemipterans. Within Hymenoptera, bats fed more on ichneumoideans, whereas swiftlets ate more formicid alates and chalicidoideans. This new information on the feeding habits of E. s. rotensis and A. bartschi provides insight on the complexity of their diets during June and July, and serves as baseline information for future studies and management of their habitat.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.2984/65.3.301","usgsCitation":"Valdez, E.W., Wiles, G., and O’Shea, T.J., 2011, Diets of the sympatric pacific sheath-tailed bat (Emballonura semicaudata rotensis) and Mariana Swiftlet (Aerodramus bartscht) on Aguiguan, Mariana Islands: Pacific Science, v. 65, no. 3, p. 301-309, https://doi.org/10.2984/65.3.301.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"301","endPage":"309","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475261,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10125/29730","text":"External Repository"},{"id":246405,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mariana Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 141.1962890625,\n 10.617418067950293\n ],\n [\n 148.1396484375,\n 10.617418067950293\n ],\n [\n 148.1396484375,\n 18.729501999072138\n ],\n [\n 141.1962890625,\n 18.729501999072138\n ],\n [\n 141.1962890625,\n 10.617418067950293\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"65","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a00e8e4b0c8380cd4f9ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Valdez, Ernest W. 0000-0002-7262-3069 ernie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7262-3069","contributorId":3600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valdez","given":"Ernest","email":"ernie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":455534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wiles, G.J.","contributorId":66377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiles","given":"G.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Shea, Thomas J. 0000-0002-0758-9730","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0758-9730","contributorId":207270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Shea","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":455535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036304,"text":"70036304 - 2011 - Atacamite and paratacamite from the ultramafic-hosted Logatchev seafloor vent field (14°45′N, Mid-Atlantic Ridge)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-14T14:01:59","indexId":"70036304","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Atacamite and paratacamite from the ultramafic-hosted Logatchev seafloor vent field (14°45′N, Mid-Atlantic Ridge)","docAbstract":"Atacamite and paratacamite are ubiquitous minerals associated with Cu-rich massive sulfides at the Logatchev hydrothermal field (Mid-Atlantic Ridge). In this work we provide new details on the mineralogy and geochemistry of these basic cupric chlorides. Our data support the notion that atacamite and paratacamite formation at submarine vent fields is an alteration process of hydrothermal Cu-sulfides. Secondary Cu-sulfides (bornite, covellite) are unstable at ambient seawater conditions and will dissolve. Dissolution is focused at the sulfide–seawater contact, leading to release of Fe2+ and Cu+ and formation of residual chalcocite through an intermediate Cu5S4 phase. Most of the released Fe2+ oxidizes immediately and precipitates as FeOOH directly on the chalcocite rims whereas Cu as chloride complexes (CuCl2−, CuCl32-) remains in solution at the same Eh. Cuprous–chloride complexes migrate from the reaction zone and upon increasing Eh precipitate as Cu2Cl(OH)3. As a consequence of this, the sulfide–seawater reaction interface is clearly marked by thin chalcocite–FeOOH bands and the entire assemblage is mantled by atacamite (or paratacamite). Our mineralogical, petrographic, geochemical and isotopic studies suggest that there are two types of atacamite (and/or paratacamite) depending on their mode of precipitation. Type 1 atacamite precipitated directly on the parent sulfides as evidenced by mantling of the sulfides, absence of detrital mineral grains, a preserved conspicuous positive Eu anomaly and a negligible negative Ce anomaly similar to those of the parent sulfide. In addition, Au concentrations are slightly lower than those of the parent sulfides, which suggest minimal transport of Au-ions after their release from the sulfides. Furthermore, the low content of the rare earth elements implies short contact time with the ambient seawater. The Sr–Nd–Pb-isotopic signatures of type 1 atacamite confirm the genetic association with the parent sulfides and indicate formation spatially very close to the latter. Type 2 atacamite precipitated at some distance from the parent sulfides, which means that the cuprous–chloride complexes have moved away from the sulfide alteration zone before precipitation. The evidence for this is absence of direct association of atacamite with sulfides. In addition, this atacamite contains a substantial proportion of detrital minerals, which implies precipitation in the sediments, distal to the parent sulfides. As a consequence of the detrital impurities the contents of elements like Cr, Cs, Hf, Nb, Rb, Th and Zr are higher than in type 1 atacamite (and/or paratacamite). Au contents are lower than those of type 1 atacamite (and/or paratacamite) which implies prolonged Au transport in solution before precipitation. Furthermore, the rare earth element distribution patterns have no positive Eu anomaly suggesting that the positive Eu anomaly of the parent sulfide has been erased after dissolution and prolonged contact of the fluid with ambient seawater (with negative Eu anomaly). Finally, the Sr–Nd-isotope signature differs from that of the parent sulfide and indicates a considerable terrigenous input.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.05.002","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Dekov, V., Boycheva, T., Halenius, U., Petersen, S., Billstrom, K., Stummeyer, J., Kamenov, G., and Shanks, W., 2011, Atacamite and paratacamite from the ultramafic-hosted Logatchev seafloor vent field (14°45′N, Mid-Atlantic Ridge): Chemical Geology, v. 286, no. 3-4, p. 169-184, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.05.002.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"184","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218552,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.05.002"},{"id":246573,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Ocean","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -83.2,-83.0 ], [ -83.2,68.6 ], [ 20.0,68.6 ], [ 20.0,-83.0 ], [ -83.2,-83.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"286","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee9ee4b0c8380cd49e7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dekov, Vesselin","contributorId":58883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dekov","given":"Vesselin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boycheva, Tanya","contributorId":101501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boycheva","given":"Tanya","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Halenius, Ulf","contributorId":104751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halenius","given":"Ulf","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Petersen, Sven","contributorId":76586,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Petersen","given":"Sven","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Billstrom, Kjell","contributorId":90971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Billstrom","given":"Kjell","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stummeyer, Jens","contributorId":31206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stummeyer","given":"Jens","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kamenov, G.","contributorId":42416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kamenov","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Shanks, W.","contributorId":99813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanks","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70036212,"text":"70036212 - 2011 - Genetic differentiation of the Kittlitz's Murrelet Brachyramphus brevirostris in the Aleutian Islands and Gulf of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-11T16:01:16","indexId":"70036212","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2675,"text":"Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation","onlineIssn":"2074-1235","printIssn":"1018-3337","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic differentiation of the Kittlitz's Murrelet Brachyramphus brevirostris in the Aleutian Islands and Gulf of Alaska","docAbstract":"Information about the distribution of genetic variation within and among local populations of the Kittlitz's Murrelet Brachyramphus brevirostris is needed for effective conservation of this rare and declining species. We compared variation in a 429 base pair fragment of the mitochondrial control region and 11 microsatellite loci among 53 Kittlitz's Murrelets from three sites in the western Aleutian Islands (Attu Island) and Gulf of Alaska (Glacier Bay and Kachemak Bay). We found that birds in these two regions differ genetically in three assessments: (1) global and pairwise indices of genetic differentiation were significantly greater than zero, (2) mitochondrial haplotypes differed by a minimum of nine substitutions, and (3) molecular assignments indicated little gene flow between regions. The data suggest that birds in these regions have been genetically isolated for an extended period. We conclude that Kittlitz's Murrelets from Attu Island and from the Gulf of Alaska represent separate evolutionarily significant units, and should be treated as such for conservation. Genetic data for Kittlitz's Murrelets from the remainder of the breeding range are urgently needed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Pacific Seabird Group","issn":"10183337","usgsCitation":"Birt, T., Mackinnon, D., Piatt, J.F., and Friesen, V.L., 2011, Genetic differentiation of the Kittlitz's Murrelet Brachyramphus brevirostris in the Aleutian Islands and Gulf of Alaska: Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation, v. 39, no. 1, p. 45-51.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"45","endPage":"51","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246598,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":342362,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.marineornithology.org/content/get.cgi?rn=912"}],"volume":"39","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a156fe4b0c8380cd54df2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Birt, T.P.","contributorId":82411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birt","given":"T.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mackinnon, D.","contributorId":63254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mackinnon","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":454911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Friesen, Vicki L.","contributorId":59407,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Friesen","given":"Vicki","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7029,"text":"Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":454908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036193,"text":"70036193 - 2011 - Dynamic resource allocation in conservation planning","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-25T21:16:21.782836","indexId":"70036193","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Dynamic resource allocation in conservation planning","docAbstract":"Consider the problem of protecting endangered species by selecting patches of land to be used for conservation purposes. Typically, the availability of patches changes over time, and recommendations must be made dynamically. This is a challenging prototypical example of a sequential optimization problem under uncertainty in computational sustainability. Existing techniques do not scale to problems of realistic size. In this paper, we develop an efficient algorithm for adaptively making recommendations for dynamic conservation planning, and prove that it obtains near-optimal performance. We further evaluate our approach on a detailed reserve design case study of conservation planning for three rare species in the Pacific Northwest of the United States.
","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial Intelligence","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"25th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and the 23rd Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence Conference, AAAI-11 / IAAI-11","conferenceDate":"August 7-11, 2011","conferenceLocation":"San Francisco, CA","language":"English","publisher":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","isbn":"9781577355090","usgsCitation":"Golovin, D., Krause, A., Gardner, B., Converse, S.J., and Morey, S., 2011, Dynamic resource allocation in conservation planning, in Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, v. 2, San Francisco, CA, August 7-11, 2011, p. 1331-1336.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1331","endPage":"1336","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246208,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0429e4b0c8380cd50811","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Golovin, D.","contributorId":24244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golovin","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krause, A.","contributorId":9927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krause","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gardner, B.","contributorId":26793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Converse, Sarah J. 0000-0002-3719-5441 sconverse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3719-5441","contributorId":173772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Converse","given":"Sarah","email":"sconverse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":454758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Morey, S.","contributorId":101491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morey","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036036,"text":"70036036 - 2011 - Synthesis of isotopically modified ZnO nanoparticles and their potential as nanotoxicity tracers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-09T19:32:01","indexId":"70036036","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Synthesis of isotopically modified ZnO nanoparticles and their potential as nanotoxicity tracers","docAbstract":"Understanding the behavior of engineered nanoparticles in the environment and within organisms is perhaps the biggest obstacle to the safe development of nanotechnologies. Reliable tracing is a particular issue for nanoparticles such as ZnO, because Zn is an essential element and a common pollutant thus present at elevated background concentrations. We synthesized isotopically enriched (89.6%) with a rare isotope of Zn (67Zn) ZnO nanoparticles and measured the uptake of 67Zn by L. stagnalis exposed to diatoms amended with the particles. Stable isotope technique is sufficiently sensitive to determine the uptake of Zn at an exposure equivalent to lower concentration range (<15 μg g−1). Without a tracer, detection of newly accumulated Zn is significant at Zn exposure concentration only above 5000 μg g−1 which represents some of the most contaminated Zn conditions. Only by using a tracer we can study Zn uptake at a range of environmentally realistic exposure conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2010.08.032","issn":"02697491","usgsCitation":"Dybowska, A., Croteau, M.N., Misra, S., Berhanu, D., Luoma, S.N., Christian, P., O'Brien, P., and Valsami-Jones, E., 2011, Synthesis of isotopically modified ZnO nanoparticles and their potential as nanotoxicity tracers: Environmental Pollution, v. 159, no. 1, p. 266-273, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2010.08.032.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"266","endPage":"273","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246294,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218295,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2010.08.032"}],"volume":"159","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba355e4b08c986b31fc73","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2010.08.032","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2010.08.032","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Dybowska Agnieszka D., Croteau Marie-Noele, Misra Superb K., Berhanu Deborah, Luoma Samuel N., Christian Paul, O’Brien Paul, Valsami-Jones Eugenia","journalName":"Environmental Pollution","publicationDate":"1/2011"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dybowska, A.D.","contributorId":85443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dybowska","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Croteau, Marie Noele 0000-0003-0346-3580 mcroteau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0346-3580","contributorId":895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Croteau","given":"Marie","email":"mcroteau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Noele","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":453710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Misra, S.K.","contributorId":47989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Misra","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berhanu, D.","contributorId":86177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berhanu","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Luoma, Samuel N. 0000-0001-5443-5091 snluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-5091","contributorId":2287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"Samuel","email":"snluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":453715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Christian, P.","contributorId":58527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christian","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"O'Brien, P.","contributorId":98600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Brien","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Valsami-Jones, E.","contributorId":103088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valsami-Jones","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70004877,"text":"70004877 - 2011 - Recreation impacts to cliff resources in the Potomac Gorge: Final report, June 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-06T14:00:25","indexId":"70004877","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Recreation impacts to cliff resources in the Potomac Gorge: Final report, June 2011","docAbstract":"Managers of the National Park Service (NPS) are directed by law to accommodate appropriate types and amounts of visitation while ensuring that: any adverse impacts are the minimum necessary, unavoidable, cannot be further mitigated, and do not constitute impairment or derogation of park resources and values. (NPS 2006). The increasing popularity of the national park system presents substantial management challenges. High visitatation may cause unacceptable impacts to fragile natural and cultural resources, and may also cause crowding and other social impacts, which can also degrade the quality of visitor experiences. Responding to these concerns, NPS managers at Chesapeake & Ohio Canal National Historical Park (CHOH) and George Washington Memorial Parkway (GWMP) sponsored this research within the upper Potomac Gorge portions of these parks to investigate visitation-related impacts to the park?s cliff resources. The cliffs and rocky areas within the Great Falls and Mather Gorge areas provide important habitats for numerous sensitive rare plants and plant communities. A recent General Management Planning process for Great Falls Park (GFP), a portion of GWMP, highlighted the potential impacts of cliff-associated recreational activities, including hiking, climbing, and fishing, on sensitive cliff resources. The planning process identified the need for development of a Climbing Management Plan and a Trail Plan to more specifically address site and visitor management actions needed to protect rare and sensitive natural and cultural resources. Good science to assess cliff-associated rare plants and communities and to determine the existing and potential effects of cliff-related recreational activities is required for these new planning efforts. This research is designed to specifically address these informational needs and to assist park managers on both sides of the river with current and future cliff and recreation management decisions.","language":"English","publisher":"Virginia Tech, College of Natural Resources & Environment, Department of Forest Resources & Environmental Conservation","publisherLocation":"Blacksburg, VA","usgsCitation":"Marion, J.L., Carr, C., and Davis, C., 2011, Recreation impacts to cliff resources in the Potomac Gorge: Final report, June 2011, viii, 127 p.","productDescription":"viii, 127 p.","numberOfPages":"135","ipdsId":"IP-028793","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331575,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":24388,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.pwrc.usgs.gov/prodabs/pubpdfs/7481_Marion.pdf"}],"country":"UNITED STATES","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5847dc80e4b06d80b7af6abb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marion, Jeffrey L.","contributorId":56322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marion","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":654994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carr, C.","contributorId":177203,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carr","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, C.A.","contributorId":68819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70035986,"text":"70035986 - 2011 - Columbus crater and other possible groundwater-fed paleolakes of Terra Sirenum, Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-02T10:58:24","indexId":"70035986","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Columbus crater and other possible groundwater-fed paleolakes of Terra Sirenum, Mars","docAbstract":"Columbus crater in the Terra Sirenum region of the Martian southern highlands contains light‐toned layered deposits with interbedded sulfate and phyllosilicate minerals, a rare occurrence on Mars. Here we investigate in detail the morphology, thermophysical properties, mineralogy, and stratigraphy of these deposits; explore their regional context; and interpret the crater's aqueous history. Hydrated mineral‐bearing deposits occupy a discrete ring around the walls of Columbus crater and are also exposed beneath younger materials, possibly lava flows, on its floor. Widespread minerals identified in the crater include gypsum, polyhydrated and monohydrated Mg/Fe‐sulfates, and kaolinite; localized deposits consistent with montmorillonite, Fe/Mg‐phyllosilicates, jarosite, alunite, and crystalline ferric oxide or hydroxide are also detected. Thermal emission spectra suggest abundances of these minerals in the tens of percent range. Other craters in northwest Terra Sirenum also contain layered deposits and Al/Fe/Mg‐phyllosilicates, but sulfates have so far been found only in Columbus and Cross craters. The region's intercrater plains contain scattered exposures of Al‐phyllosilicates and one isolated mound with opaline silica, in addition to more common Fe/Mg‐phyllosilicates with chlorides. A Late Noachian age is estimated for the aqueous deposits in Columbus, coinciding with a period of inferred groundwater upwelling and evaporation, which (according to model results reported here) could have formed evaporites in Columbus and other craters in Terra Sirenum. Hypotheses for the origin of these deposits include groundwater cementation of crater‐filling sediments and/or direct precipitation from subaerial springs or in a deep (∼900 m) paleolake. Especially under the deep lake scenario, which we prefer, chemical gradients in Columbus crater may have created a habitable environment at this location on early Mars.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2010JE003694","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Wray, J., Milliken, R., Dundas, C.M., Swayze, G.A., Andrews-Hanna, J.C., Baldridge, A., Chojnacki, M., Bishop, J., Ehlmann, B., Murchie, S., Clark, R.N., Seelos, F., Tornabene, L., and Squyres, S.W., 2011, Columbus crater and other possible groundwater-fed paleolakes of Terra Sirenum, Mars: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 116, no. 1, E01001; 41 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JE003694.","productDescription":"E01001; 41 p.","ipdsId":"IP-021564","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475082,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010je003694","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":216390,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JE003694"},{"id":244254,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"116","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f7cfe4b0c8380cd4ccf8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wray, J.J.","contributorId":26049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wray","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Milliken, R.E.","contributorId":98022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milliken","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dundas, Colin M. 0000-0003-2343-7224 cdundas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2343-7224","contributorId":2937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dundas","given":"Colin","email":"cdundas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":453471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swayze, Gregg A. 0000-0002-1814-7823 gswayze@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1814-7823","contributorId":518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swayze","given":"Gregg","email":"gswayze@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":453464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Andrews-Hanna, J. C.","contributorId":37532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews-Hanna","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Baldridge, A.M.","contributorId":15037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldridge","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Chojnacki, M.","contributorId":25385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chojnacki","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bishop, J.L.","contributorId":83244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bishop","given":"J.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ehlmann, B.L.","contributorId":107837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ehlmann","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Murchie, S.L.","contributorId":7369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murchie","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Clark, Roger N. 0000-0002-7021-1220 rclark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7021-1220","contributorId":515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Roger","email":"rclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":453461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Seelos, F.P.","contributorId":44350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seelos","given":"F.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Tornabene, L.L.","contributorId":99679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tornabene","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Squyres, S. W.","contributorId":31836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Squyres","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70035869,"text":"70035869 - 2011 - Geochemistry of southern Pagan Island lavas, Mariana arc: The role of subduction zone processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-13T22:29:01","indexId":"70035869","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of southern Pagan Island lavas, Mariana arc: The role of subduction zone processes","docAbstract":"New major and trace element abundances, and Pb, Sr, and Nd isotopic ratios of Quaternary lavas from two adjacent volcanoes (South Pagan and the Central Volcanic Region, or CVR) located on Pagan Island allow us to investigate the mantle source (i.e., slab components) and melting dynamics within the Mariana intra-oceanic arc. Geologic mapping reveals a pre-caldera (780-9.4ka) and post-caldera (<9.4ka) eruptive stage for South Pagan, whereas the eruptive history of the older CVR is poorly constrained. Crystal fractionation and magma mixing were important crustal processes for lavas from both volcanoes. Geochemical and isotopic variations indicate that South Pagan and CVR lavas, and lavas from the northern volcano on the island, Mt. Pagan, originated from compositionally distinct parental magmas due to variations in slab contributions (sediment and aqueous fluid) to the mantle wedge and the extent of mantle partial melting. A mixing model based on Pb and Nd isotopic ratios suggests that the average amount of sediment in the source of CVR (~2.1%) and South Pagan (~1.8%) lavas is slightly higher than Mt. Pagan (~1.4%) lavas. These estimates span the range of sediment-poor Guguan (~1.3%) and sediment-rich Agrigan (~2.0%) lavas for the Mariana arc. Melt modeling demonstrates that the saucer-shaped normalized rare earth element (REE) patterns observed in Pagan lavas can arise from partial melting of a mixed source of depleted mantle and enriched sediment, and do not require amphibole interaction or fractionation to depress the middle REE abundances of the lavas. The modeled degree of mantle partial melting for Agrigan (2-5%), Pagan (3-7%), and Guguan (9-15%) lavas correlates with indicators of fluid addition (e.g., Ba/Th). This relationship suggests that the fluid flux to the mantle wedge is the dominant control on the extent of partial melting beneath Mariana arc volcanoes. A decrease in the amount of fluid addition (lower Ba/Th) and extent of melting (higher Sm/Yb), and an increase in the sediment contribution (higher Th/Nb, La/Sm, and Pb isotopic ratios) from Mt. Pagan to South Pagan could reflect systematic cross-arc or irregular along-arc melting variations. These observations indicate that the length scale of compositional heterogeneity in the mantle wedge beneath Mariana arc volcanoes is small (~10km).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s00410-010-0592-1","issn":"00107999","usgsCitation":"Marske, J., Pietruszka, A., Trusdell, F., and Garcia, M., 2011, Geochemistry of southern Pagan Island lavas, Mariana arc: The role of subduction zone processes: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 162, no. 2, p. 231-252, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-010-0592-1.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"231","endPage":"252","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":216409,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-010-0592-1"},{"id":244278,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Pagan Island","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 145.703852,18.04143 ], [ 145.703852,18.176948 ], [ 145.813131,18.176948 ], [ 145.813131,18.04143 ], [ 145.703852,18.04143 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"162","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1714e4b0c8380cd5538b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marske, J.P.","contributorId":47198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marske","given":"J.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pietruszka, A.J.","contributorId":52811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pietruszka","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trusdell, F. A.","contributorId":57471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trusdell","given":"F. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Garcia, M.O.","contributorId":47868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"M.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70035806,"text":"70035806 - 2011 - 210Po in Nevada groundwater and its relation to gross alpha radioactivity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-26T12:18:18","indexId":"70035806","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"210Po in Nevada groundwater and its relation to gross alpha radioactivity","docAbstract":"Polonium-210 (210Po) is a highly toxic alpha emitter that is rarely found in groundwater at activities exceeding 1 pCi/L. 210Po activities in 63 domestic and public-supply wells in Lahontan Valley in Churchill County in northern Nevada, United States, ranged from 0.01 ± 0.005 to 178 ± 16 pCi/L with a median activity of 2.88 pCi/L. Wells with high 210Po activities had low dissolved oxygen concentrations (less than 0.1 mg/L) and commonly had pH greater than 9. Lead-210 activities are low and aqueous 210Po is unsupported by 210Pb, indicating that the 210Po is mobilized from aquifer sediments. The only significant contributors to alpha particle activity in Lahontan Valley groundwater are 234/238U, 222Rn, and 210Po. Radon-222 activities were below 1000 pCi/L and were uncorrelated with 210Po activity. The only applicable drinking water standard for 210Po in the United States is the adjusted gross alpha radioactivity (GAR) standard of 15 pCi/L. 210Po was not volatile in a Nevada well, but volatile 210Po has been reported in a Florida well. Additional information on the volatility of 210Po is needed because GAR is an inappropriate method to screen for volatile radionuclides. About 25% of the samples had 210Po activities that exceed the level associated with a lifetime total cancer risk of 1× 10−4 (1.1 pCi/L) without exceeding the GAR standard. In cases where the 72-h GAR exceeds the uranium activity by more than 5 to 10 pCi/L, an analysis to rule out the presence of 210Po may be justified to protect human health even though the maximum contaminant level for adjusted GAR is not exceeded.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00688.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Seiler, R.L., 2011, 210Po in Nevada groundwater and its relation to gross alpha radioactivity: Ground Water, v. 49, no. 2, p. 160-171, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00688.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"160","endPage":"171","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":216353,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00688.x"},{"id":244217,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.0,35.0 ], [ -120.0,42.0 ], [ -114.0,42.0 ], [ -114.0,35.0 ], [ -120.0,35.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"49","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e252e4b0c8380cd45aae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seiler, R. L.","contributorId":87546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seiler","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70035727,"text":"70035727 - 2011 - Stochastic population dynamics in populations of western terrestrial garter snakes with divergent life histories","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-16T18:57:11.382931","indexId":"70035727","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stochastic population dynamics in populations of western terrestrial garter snakes with divergent life histories","docAbstract":"Comparative evaluations of population dynamics in species with temporal and spatial variation in life‐history traits are rare because they require long‐term demographic time series from multiple populations. We present such an analysis using demographic data collected during the interval 1978–1996 for six populations of western terrestrial garter snakes (Thamnophis elegans) from two evolutionarily divergent ecotypes. Three replicate populations from a slow‐living ecotype, found in mountain meadows of northeastern California, were characterized by individuals that develop slowly, mature late, reproduce infrequently with small reproductive effort, and live longer than individuals of three populations of a fast‐living ecotype found at lakeshore locales. We constructed matrix population models for each of the populations based on 8–13 years of data per population and analyzed both deterministic dynamics based on mean annual vital rates and stochastic dynamics incorporating annual variation in vital rates. (1) Contributions of highly variable vital rates to fitness (λs) were buffered against the negative effects of stochastic variation, and this relationship was consistent with differences between the meadow (M‐slow) and lakeshore (L‐fast) ecotypes. (2) Annual variation in the proportion of gravid females had the greatest negative effect among all vital rates on λs. The magnitude of variation in the proportion of gravid females and its effect on λs was greater in M‐slow than L‐fast populations. (3) Variation in the proportion of gravid females, in turn, depended on annual variation in prey availability, and its effect on λs was 4–23 times greater in M‐slow than L‐fast populations. In addition to differences in stochastic dynamics between ecotypes, we also found higher mean mortality rates across all age classes in the L‐fast populations. Our results suggest that both deterministic and stochastic selective forces have affected the evolution of divergent life‐history traits in the two ecotypes, which, in turn, affect population dynamics. M‐slow populations have evolved life‐history traits that buffer fitness against direct effects of variation in reproduction and that spread lifetime reproduction across a greater number of reproductive bouts. These results highlight the importance of long‐term demographic and environmental monitoring and of incorporating temporal dynamics into empirical studies of life‐history evolution.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/10-1438.1","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"Miller, D.A., Clark, W., Arnold, S., and Bronikowski, A., 2011, Stochastic population dynamics in populations of western terrestrial garter snakes with divergent life histories: Ecology, v. 92, no. 8, p. 1658-1671, https://doi.org/10.1890/10-1438.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1658","endPage":"1671","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475108,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/eeob_ag_pubs/187","text":"External Repository"},{"id":244078,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216220,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/10-1438.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Lassen","otherGeospatial":"Eagle 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,{"id":70035679,"text":"70035679 - 2011 - A puzzling migratory detour : Are fueling conditions in Alaska driving the movement of juvenile sharp -tailed sandpipers ?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-17T19:28:33.410291","indexId":"70035679","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A puzzling migratory detour : Are fueling conditions in Alaska driving the movement of juvenile sharp -tailed sandpipers ?","docAbstract":"Making a detour can be advantageous to a migrating bird if fuel-deposition rates at stopover sites along the detour are considerably higher than at stopover sites along a more direct route. One example of an extensive migratory detour is that of the Sharp-tailed Sandpiper (Calidris acuminata), of which large numbers of juveniles are found during fall migration in western Alaska. These birds take a detour of 1500–3400 km from the most direct route between their natal range in northeastern Siberia and nonbreeding areas in Australia. We studied the autumnal fueling rates and fuel loads of 357 Sharp-tailed Sandpipers captured in western Alaska. In early September the birds increased in mass at a rate of only 0.5% of lean body mass day-1. Later in September, the rate of mass increase was about 6% of lean body mass day-1, among the highest values found among similar-sized shorebirds around the world. Some individuals more than doubled their body mass because of fuel deposition, allowing nonstop flight of between 7100 and 9800 km, presumably including a trans-oceanic flight to the southern hemisphere. Our observations indicated that predator attacks were rare in our study area, adding another potential benefit of the detour. We conclude that the most likely reason for the Alaskan detour is that it allows juvenile Sharp-tailed Sandpipers to put on large fuel stores at exceptionally high rates.
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Resource conditions on formal park trails were also assessed to provide information supporting the development of park planning and management decision-making.","language":"English","publisher":"Virginia Tech College of Natural Resources & Environment, Department of Forest Resources & Environmental Conservation","publisherLocation":"Blacksburg, Virginia","usgsCitation":"Wimpey, J., and Marion, J.L., 2011, Formal and informal trail monitoring protocols and baseline conditions: Great Falls Park and Potomac Gorge. 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