Recent field surveillances indicated that outmigrating steelhead smolts in several south Puget Sound watersheds are infected with the digenean trematode Nanophyetus salmonicola at high prevalence and intensity (Chen et al Accepted). The apparent severity of these infections, especially in the Nisqually and Green / Duwamish Rivers, lead to the hypothesis that Nanophyetus may play a role as a proximate and / or ultimate factor contributing to the early seawater mortality of smolts after entering Puget Sound. This hypothesis was tested during 2016 using controlled laboratory and field based studies that were intended to investigate possible effects of Nanophyetus infection on:
1. the survival of steelhead smolts during their outmigration through Puget Sound,
2. the ability of steelhead smolts to survive transition from freshwater to seawater,
3. the swimming performance of infected steelhead smolts.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Puget Sound Steelhead Marine Survival: 2013-2017 research findings summary","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"Long Live the Kings","usgsCitation":"Hershberger, P., 2018, Study 11. Effects of Nanophyetus on the swimming performance and survival of steelhead smolts AND studies to understand and manage the Nanophyetus cercaria, 12 p.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"62","endPage":"73","ipdsId":"IP-089959","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359544,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":358499,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://marinesurvivalproject.com/wp-content/uploads/PS-Steelhead-Marine-Survival-Research-Summary-Report-2013-2017-13April20....pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bf3d9f0e4b045bfcae0c9b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hershberger, Paul 0000-0002-2261-7760 phershberger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-7760","contributorId":150816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"Paul","email":"phershberger@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70201085,"text":"70201085 - 2018 - Introduction and dispersal of non-native bullseye snakehead Channa marulius (Hamilton, 1822) in the canal system of southeastern Florida, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-28T11:17:51","indexId":"70201085","displayToPublicDate":"2018-11-01T11:17:47","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":994,"text":"BioInvasions Records","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Introduction and dispersal of non-native bullseye snakehead Channa marulius (Hamilton, 1822) in the canal system of southeastern Florida, USA","docAbstract":"An established population of bullseye snakehead (Channa marulius), a large predatory fish from southeastern Asia, was identified for the first time in North America from waters in southeastern Florida, USA, in the year 2000. Since then, it has dispersed throughout the extensive canal system in the area from West Palm Beach south to Miramar. Collection data were compiled to determine the extent of the distribution. The range encompasses three separate areas totaling approximately 830 km2. Over an 18-year period, the range increased an average of approximately 46 km2 per year. There is concern that this non-native species may threaten the fauna in unique protected natural areas of southern Florida, such as Everglades National Park.
","language":"English","publisher":"REABIC","doi":"10.3391/bir.2018.7.4.17","usgsCitation":"Benson, A.J., Schofield, P.J., and Gestring, K.B., 2018, Introduction and dispersal of non-native bullseye snakehead Channa marulius (Hamilton, 1822) in the canal system of southeastern Florida, USA: BioInvasions Records, v. 7, no. 4, p. 451-457, https://doi.org/10.3391/bir.2018.7.4.17.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"451","endPage":"457","ipdsId":"IP-092762","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460821,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3391/bir.2018.7.4.17","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437699,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7H70F02","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Observations of bullseye snakehead (Channa marulius) in Florida"},{"id":359761,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.53115844726562,\n 25.828324988459716\n ],\n [\n -80.013427734375,\n 25.828324988459716\n ],\n [\n -80.013427734375,\n 26.713720362159577\n ],\n [\n -80.53115844726562,\n 26.713720362159577\n ],\n [\n -80.53115844726562,\n 25.828324988459716\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bffb75ce4b0815414ca8e48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, Amy J. 0000-0002-4517-1466 abenson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4517-1466","contributorId":3836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"Amy","email":"abenson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schofield, Pamela J. 0000-0002-8752-2797 pschofield@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8752-2797","contributorId":168659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schofield","given":"Pamela","email":"pschofield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gestring, Kelly B.","contributorId":210849,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gestring","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12556,"text":"Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":752356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70198738,"text":"70198738 - 2018 - The North American carbon budget: Past, present, and future","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-19T19:54:09.621418","indexId":"70198738","displayToPublicDate":"2018-11-01T11:17:31","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"2","title":"The North American carbon budget: Past, present, and future","docAbstract":"This chapter nicely summarizes and synthesizes the latest scientific information on the North American carbon budget by incorporating terrestrial, anthropogenic, aquatic, and coastal margin CO2 and CH4dynamics. Starting with a historical context, the chapter summarizes current understanding of the magnitudes and trends of carbon stocks and fluxes at the continental scale. It also provides a regional context by stratifying the continent to countries and climate assessment regions and discusses the societal drivers, impacts, and carbon management decisions. Knowledge gaps and research needs are also identified. This chapter is well-written and clearly organized, and provides a broad context beyond individual chapters. Some of the main ways the chapter can be improved include the following:
And one broader concern to note: This chapter follows the global overview in Chapter 1, where “sinks” are sinks in the cycle perturbed by anthropogenic CO2 and CH4, and the assumption is that globally, the net unperturbed background sinks are zero summed across all reservoirs. Yet in this chapter, “sinks” are net fluxes out of the atmosphere, background + perturbation. For the coastal ocean, inland waters, etc.—where lateral transport is significant—these sources and sinks include background/pre-industrial fluxes that are balanced by fluxes elsewhere. These distinctions must be made clear so that the reader is not given an impression of a greater or lesser sink for anthropogenic CO2 than is there (e.g., P74, lines 4-6).
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Review of the Draft Second State of the Carbon Cycle Report (SOCCR2)","language":"English","publisher":"The National Academies of Sciences Engineering Medicine","doi":"10.17226/25045","usgsCitation":"McGuire, A.D., Hayes, D.J., Vargas, R., Alin, S.R., Conant, R.T., Hutrya, L.R., Jacobson, A.R., kurz, W.A., Poulter, B., Woodall, C.W., and Liu, S., 2018, The North American carbon budget: Past, present, and future, chap. 2 of Review of the Draft Second State of the Carbon Cycle Report (SOCCR2), p. 33-38, https://doi.org/10.17226/25045.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"33","endPage":"38","ipdsId":"IP-088187","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359543,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bf3d9f1e4b045bfcae0c9b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGuire, A. David 0000-0003-4646-0750 ffadm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4646-0750","contributorId":166708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A.","email":"ffadm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":742797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayes, Daniel J.","contributorId":207106,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayes","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vargas, Rodrigo","contributorId":172036,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vargas","given":"Rodrigo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Alin, Simone R.","contributorId":176392,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alin","given":"Simone","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Conant, Richard T.","contributorId":207107,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conant","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hutrya, Lucy R.","contributorId":207108,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hutrya","given":"Lucy","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13570,"text":"Boston University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jacobson, Andrew R.","contributorId":207109,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36621,"text":"University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"kurz, Werner A.","contributorId":207110,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"kurz","given":"Werner","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13540,"text":"Canadian Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Poulter, Benjamine","contributorId":207111,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poulter","given":"Benjamine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37453,"text":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Woodall, Christopher W.","contributorId":53696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woodall","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7264,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Beltsville, MD 20705","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Liu, Shuguang 0000-0002-6027-3479","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6027-3479","contributorId":207112,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Shuguang","affiliations":[{"id":37454,"text":"EROS Contractor","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70201054,"text":"70201054 - 2018 - Terrestrial wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-19T19:55:02.445324","indexId":"70201054","displayToPublicDate":"2018-11-01T11:17:07","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"chapter":"13","title":"Terrestrial wetlands","docAbstract":"1. The assessment of terrestrial wetland carbon stocks has improved greatly since the First State of the Carbon Cycle Report (CCSP 2007) because of recent national inventories and the development of a U.S. soils database. Terrestrial wetlands in North America encompass an estimated 2.2 million km2, which constitutes about 37% of the global wetland area, with a soil and vegetation carbon pool of about 161 petagrams of carbon that represents approximately 36% of global wetland carbon stock. Forested wetlands compose 55% of the total terrestrial wetland area, with the vast majority occurring in Canada. Organic soil wetlands or peatlands contain 58% of the total terrestrial wetland area and 80% of the carbon (high confidence, likely).
2. North American terrestrial wetlands currently are a carbon dioxide sink of about 123 teragrams of carbon (Tg C) per year, with approximately 53% occurring in forested systems. However, North American terrestrial wetlands are a natural source of methane (CH4), with mineral soil wetlands emitting 56% of the estimated total of 45 Tg C as CH4 (CH4 –C) per year (medium confidence, likely).
3. The current rate of terrestrial wetland loss is much less than historical rates (about 0.06% of the wetland area from 2004 to 2009), with restoration and creation nearly offsetting losses of natural wetlands. Although area losses are nearly offset, there is considerable uncertainty about the functional equivalence of disturbed, created, and restored wetlands when comparing them to undisturbed natural wetlands. Correspondingly, there remains considerable uncertainty about the effects of disturbance regimes on carbon stocks and greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes. For this reason, studies and monitoring systems are needed that compare carbon pools, rates of carbon accumulation, and GHG fluxes across disturbance gradients, including restored and created wetlands. Those studies will produce data that are needed for model applications (high confidence, likely).
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Second State of the Carbon Cycle Report (SOCCR2): A Sustained Assessment Report","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Global Change Research Program","doi":"10.7930/SOCCR2.2018.Ch13","usgsCitation":"Kolka, R., Trettin, C., Tang, W., Krauss, K.W., Bansal, S., Drexler, J.Z., Wickland, K.P., Chimner, R.A., Hogan, D.M., Pindilli, E., Benscoter, B., Tangen, B., Kane, E.S., Bridgham, S.D., and Richardson, C.J., 2018, Terrestrial wetlands, 61 p., https://doi.org/10.7930/SOCCR2.2018.Ch13.","productDescription":"61 p.","startPage":"507","endPage":"567","ipdsId":"IP-084542","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359710,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bfe65e0e4b0815414ca60f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kolka, Randall","contributorId":115924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kolka","given":"Randall","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trettin, Carl","contributorId":210815,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trettin","given":"Carl","affiliations":[{"id":38151,"text":"USDA-Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":752093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tang, Wenwu","contributorId":210848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tang","given":"Wenwu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Krauss, Ken W. 0000-0003-2195-0729","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":208512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bansal, Sheel 0000-0003-1233-1707 sbansal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1233-1707","contributorId":167295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bansal","given":"Sheel","email":"sbansal@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Drexler, Judith Z. 0000-0002-0127-3866 jdrexler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0127-3866","contributorId":167492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drexler","given":"Judith","email":"jdrexler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wickland, Kimberly P. 0000-0002-6400-0590 kpwick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6400-0590","contributorId":1835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wickland","given":"Kimberly","email":"kpwick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Chimner, Rodney A.","contributorId":53346,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chimner","given":"Rodney","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17860,"text":"Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":752086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hogan, Dianna M. 0000-0003-1492-4514 dhogan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1492-4514","contributorId":131137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hogan","given":"Dianna","email":"dhogan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Pindilli, Emily 0000-0002-5101-1266 epindilli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5101-1266","contributorId":140262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pindilli","given":"Emily","email":"epindilli@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Benscoter, Brian","contributorId":210812,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Benscoter","given":"Brian","affiliations":[{"id":15312,"text":"Florida Atlantic University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":752089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Tangen, Brian 0000-0001-5157-9882 btangen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5157-9882","contributorId":167277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tangen","given":"Brian","email":"btangen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Kane, Evan S.","contributorId":11903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kane","given":"Evan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Bridgham, Scott D.","contributorId":177413,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bridgham","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Richardson, Curtis J.","contributorId":210814,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Richardson","given":"Curtis","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12643,"text":"Duke University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":752092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70202105,"text":"70202105 - 2018 - Coupling high-frequency stream metabolism and nutrient monitoring to explore biogeochemical controls on downstream nitrate delivery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-11T11:17:01","indexId":"70202105","displayToPublicDate":"2018-11-01T11:16:47","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coupling high-frequency stream metabolism and nutrient monitoring to explore biogeochemical controls on downstream nitrate delivery","docAbstract":"Instream biogeochemical process measurements are often short-term and localized. Here we use in situ sensors to quantify the net effects of biogeochemical processes on seasonal patterns in baseflow nitrate retention at the river-reach scale. Dual-station high-frequency in situ nitrate measurements, were coupled with high-frequency measurements of stream metabolism and dissolved inorganic carbon, in a tributary of the Buffalo National River, Arkansas. Nitrate assimilation was calculated from net primary production, and combined with mass-balance measurements, to estimate net nitrification and denitrification. The combined net effects of these instream processes (assimilation, denitrification, and nitrification) removed >30–90% of the baseflow nitrate load along a 6.5 km reach. Assimilation of nitrate by photoautotrophs during spring and early summer was buffered by net nitrification. Net nitrification peaked during the spring. After midsummer, there was a pronounced switch from assimilatory nitrate uptake to denitrification. There was clear synchronicity between the switch from nitrate assimilation to denitrification, a reduction in river baseflows, and a shift in stream metabolism from autotrophy to heterotrophy. The results show how instream nitrate retention and downstream delivery is driven by seasonal shifts in metabolic pathways; and how continuous in situ stream sensor networks offer new opportunities for quantifying the role of stream biota in the dynamics, fate, and transport of nitrogen in fluvial systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.8b03074","usgsCitation":"Jarvie, H.P., Sharpley, A.N., Kresse, T.M., Hays, P.D., Williams, R.J., King, S.M., and Berry, L.G., 2018, Coupling high-frequency stream metabolism and nutrient monitoring to explore biogeochemical controls on downstream nitrate delivery: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 52, no. 23, p. 13708-13717, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b03074.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"13708","endPage":"13717","ipdsId":"IP-097290","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468275,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/521792/1/N521792PP.pdf","text":"External Repository"},{"id":361130,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"Big Creek watershed","volume":"52","issue":"23","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-10-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jarvie, Helen P.","contributorId":213077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jarvie","given":"Helen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":38701,"text":"NERC Center for Ecology and Hydrology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sharpley, Andrew N.","contributorId":189875,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sharpley","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":756899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kresse, Timothy M. 0000-0003-1035-0672 tkresse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1035-0672","contributorId":2758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kresse","given":"Timothy","email":"tkresse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hays, Phillip D. 0000-0001-5491-9272 pdhays@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5491-9272","contributorId":4145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hays","given":"Phillip","email":"pdhays@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Williams, Richard J.","contributorId":34443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":756901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"King, Stephen M.","contributorId":213089,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"King","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37805,"text":"NERC Centre for Ecology and Hydrology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Berry, Lawrence G.","contributorId":213079,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berry","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6623,"text":"University of Arkansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70201110,"text":"70201110 - 2018 - Regenerating clearcuts combined with postharvest forestry treatments promote habitat for breeding and post-breeding spruce-fir avian assemblages in the Atlantic Northern Forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-29T11:08:53","indexId":"70201110","displayToPublicDate":"2018-11-01T11:08:48","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regenerating clearcuts combined with postharvest forestry treatments promote habitat for breeding and post-breeding spruce-fir avian assemblages in the Atlantic Northern Forest","docAbstract":"The quantity of spruce-fir forest and some conifer-associated breeding bird abundances in the Atlantic Northern Forest have declined in recent decades emphasizing the need to better understand avian responses to forest management and to identify options that proactively conserve habitat for birds during the breeding and post-breeding period. We conducted avian point counts and vegetation surveys on publicly and privately-owned lands with known management histories to assess relationships between avian assemblages in harvest and postharvest treatments that could provide habitat for passerine birds associated with the spruce-fir forest type. We sampled regenerating conifer-dominated stands 5–41 years-since-harvest (YSH) in three harvest treatments (selection, irregular first-stage shelterwood, and clearcuts) and three postharvest treatments including regenerating clearcuts treated with aerially applied herbicide (e.g., glyphosate), precommercial thinning (PCT), both herbicide and PCT, and mature stands (≥48 YSH). Spruce-fir obligate and associate birds were more abundant in stands with greater spruce-fir tree composition (≥70% and ≥60%, respectively). Avian richness of spruce-fir obligates, associates, and species of concern was greater in clearcuts and clearcuts with postharvest treatments. Vegetative features associated with greater richness and abundance of spruce-fir birds, such as greater spruce-fir composition and smaller tree diameter at breast height, were prominent in regenerating clearcuts and postharvest treatments and suggested that these management practices promote local abundances and richness of spruce-fir birds. Richness and abundances of spruce-fir birds were least in selection, shelterwood, and mature stands, and vegetative features associated with greater richness and abundance of spruce-fir birds were diminished in these stands. Forestry trends in Maine indicate that the extent of the clearcut suite of treatments has decreased on the landscape while selection and shelterwood harvests have increased. Thus, changes in incentives for managers to apply even-aged management coupled with post-harvest applications of herbicides or precommercial thinning might mitigate further declines in habitat for spruce-fir passerines assemblages. A greater ratio of clearcuts with postharvest treatments 11–40 YSH compared to other treatments (mature forest ≥48 YSH, selection and shelterwood 5–41 YSH) would maintain diverse spruce-fir bird communities on the landscape. Use of clearcuts with postharvest treatments in the hemiboreal forests of northern New England, southern Quebec, and Maritime Provinces of eastern Canada may enhance habitat for breeding and post-breeding spruce-fir birds, especially where the quantity of conifer forests are declining and residual patches of conifers are increasingly fragmented.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2018.05.068","usgsCitation":"Rolek, B.W., Harrison, D.J., Loftin, C., and Wood, P.B., 2018, Regenerating clearcuts combined with postharvest forestry treatments promote habitat for breeding and post-breeding spruce-fir avian assemblages in the Atlantic Northern Forest: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 427, p. 392-413, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.05.068.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"392","endPage":"413","ipdsId":"IP-091144","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468276,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.05.068","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":359779,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Northern 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\"}}]}","volume":"427","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c0108d2e4b0815414cc2df1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rolek, Brian W.","contributorId":210901,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rolek","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":752706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harrison, Daniel J.","contributorId":210902,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrison","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":752707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loftin, Cynthia S. 0000-0001-9104-3724 cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9104-3724","contributorId":2167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"Cynthia S.","email":"cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":752704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wood, Petra B. 0000-0002-8575-1705 pbwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8575-1705","contributorId":199090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Petra","email":"pbwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70201093,"text":"70201093 - 2018 - A 3,000‐year lag between the geological and ecological shutdown of Florida's coral reefs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-28T10:58:13","indexId":"70201093","displayToPublicDate":"2018-11-01T10:58:08","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A 3,000‐year lag between the geological and ecological shutdown of Florida's coral reefs","docAbstract":"The global‐scale degradation of coral reefs has reached a critical threshold wherein further declines threaten both ecological functionality and the persistence of reef structure. Geological records can provide valuable insights into the long‐term controls on reef development that may be key to solving the modern coral‐reef crisis. Our analyses of new and existing coral‐reef cores from throughout the Florida Keys reef tract (FKRT) revealed significant spatial and temporal variability in reef development during the Holocene. Whereas maximum Holocene reef thickness in the Dry Tortugas was comparable to elsewhere in the western Atlantic, most of Florida's reefs had relatively thin accumulations of Holocene reef framework. During periods of active reef development, average reef accretion rates were similar throughout the FKRT at ~3 m/ky. The spatial variability in reef thickness was instead driven by differences in the duration of reef development. Reef accretion declined significantly from ~6,000 years ago to present, and by ~3,000 years ago, the majority of the FKRT was geologically senescent. Although sea level influenced the development of Florida's reefs, it was not the ultimate driver of reef demise. Instead, we demonstrate that the timing of reef senescence was modulated by subregional hydrographic variability, and hypothesize that climatic cooling was the ultimate cause of reef shutdown. The senescence of the FKRT left the ecosystem balanced at a delicate tipping point at which a veneer of living coral was the only barrier to reef erosion. Modern climate change and other anthropogenic disturbances have now pushed many reefs past that critical threshold and into a novel ecosystem state, in which reef structures built over millennia could soon be lost. The dominant role of climate in the development of the FKRT over timescales of decades to millennia highlights the potential vulnerability of both geological and ecological reef processes to anthropogenic climate change.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gcb.14389","usgsCitation":"Toth, L., Kuffner, I.B., Stathakopoulos, A., and Shinn, E.A., 2018, A 3,000‐year lag between the geological and ecological shutdown of Florida's coral reefs: Global Change Biology, v. 24, no. 11, p. 5471-5483, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14389.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"5471","endPage":"5483","ipdsId":"IP-095331","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359758,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bffb75de4b0815414ca8e4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Toth, Lauren T. 0000-0002-2568-802X ltoth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2568-802X","contributorId":181748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toth","given":"Lauren","email":"ltoth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kuffner, Ilsa B. 0000-0001-8804-7847 ikuffner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8804-7847","contributorId":3105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuffner","given":"Ilsa","email":"ikuffner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stathakopoulos, Anastasios 0000-0002-4404-035X astathakopoulos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4404-035X","contributorId":147744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stathakopoulos","given":"Anastasios","email":"astathakopoulos@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shinn, Eugene A.","contributorId":210858,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shinn","given":"Eugene","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7163,"text":"University of South Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":752438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70227673,"text":"70227673 - 2018 - Age and growth of a native, lightly exploited population of Coregonus clupeaformis (Lake Whitefish) in a small natural lake in Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-26T16:33:43.599359","indexId":"70227673","displayToPublicDate":"2018-11-01T10:22:12","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2898,"text":"Northeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age and growth of a native, lightly exploited population of Coregonus clupeaformis (Lake Whitefish) in a small natural lake in Maine","docAbstract":"We assessed annual growth of Coregonus clupeaformis (Lake Whitefish) from a natural, lightly exploited population in a small lake in northern Maine using observed and back-calculated length-at-age data. We sampled Lake Whitefish from Clear Lake, ME, with gill nets and extracted otoliths from 57 fish. We incorporated age-at-length data into a von Bertalanffy growth function, which we employed to model growth trajectories from individual fish. We used these estimates to evaluate length-at-age variability within this population. Ages for Lake Whitefish varied from 8 y to 30 y. Among all fish, we characterized incremental growth by an average-growth coefficient of K = 0.156 and an estimated L∞ of 484 mm. The oldest individuals demonstrated the slowest incremental growth (K = 0.106) when compared to younger cohorts (K = 0.218). We observed an inverse relationship between L∞ and K and the estimated age-at-capture (R2 = 0.178 and 0.723, respectively), which suggests relatively slow growth and a smaller maximum size for the longest living members of the population. Our estimated parameters serve as a reference to inform management of populations of Lake Whitefish.
","language":"English","publisher":"Humboldt Field Research Institute; Eagle Hill Institute","doi":"10.1656/045.025.0406","usgsCitation":"Weaver, D.M., Ratten, S.K., Coghlan, S., Sherwood, G.D., and Zydlewski, J.D., 2018, Age and growth of a native, lightly exploited population of Coregonus clupeaformis (Lake Whitefish) in a small natural lake in Maine: Northeastern Naturalist, v. 25, no. 4, p. 599-610, https://doi.org/10.1656/045.025.0406.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"599","endPage":"610","ipdsId":"IP-058610","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":394875,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Clear Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -69.14983749389648,\n 46.50831741322259\n ],\n [\n -69.11155700683594,\n 46.50831741322259\n ],\n [\n -69.11155700683594,\n 46.53595650395599\n ],\n [\n -69.14983749389648,\n 46.53595650395599\n ],\n [\n -69.14983749389648,\n 46.50831741322259\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weaver, Daniel M.","contributorId":272183,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weaver","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":831683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ratten, Silas K.","contributorId":272184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ratten","given":"Silas","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":831684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coghlan, Stephen M.","contributorId":272185,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coghlan","given":"Stephen M.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":831685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sherwood, Graham D.","contributorId":272186,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sherwood","given":"Graham","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":38441,"text":"Gulf of Maine Research Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":831686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":831682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70249433,"text":"70249433 - 2018 - Validation of the CHIRPS satellite rainfall estimates over eastern Africa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-06T15:20:23.675024","indexId":"70249433","displayToPublicDate":"2018-11-01T10:08:24","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7443,"text":"Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Validation of the CHIRPS satellite rainfall estimates over eastern Africa","docAbstract":"Long and temporally consistent rainfall time series are essential in climate analyses and applications. Rainfall data from station observations are inadequate over many parts of the world due to sparse or non-existent observation networks, or limited reporting of gauge observations. As a result, satellite rainfall estimates have been used as an alternative or as a supplement to station observations. However, many satellite-based rainfall products with long time series suffer from coarse spatial and temporal resolutions and inhomogeneities caused by variations in satellite inputs. There are some satellite rainfall products with reasonably consistent time series, but they are often limited to specific geographic areas. The Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation (CHIRP) and CHIRP combined with station observations (CHIRPS) are recently produced satellite-based rainfall products with relatively high spatial and temporal resolutions and quasi-global coverage. In this study, CHIRP and CHIRPS were evaluated over East Africa at daily, dekadal (10-day) and monthly time-scales. The evaluation was done by comparing the satellite products with rain-gauge data from about 1,200 stations. The CHIRP and CHIRPS products were also compared with two similar operational satellite rainfall products: the African Rainfall Climatology version 2 (ARC2) and the Tropical Applications of Meteorology using Satellite data (TAMSAT). The results show that both CHIRP and CHIRPS products are significantly better than ARC2 with higher skill and low or no bias. These products were also found to be slightly better than the latest version of the TAMSAT product at dekadal and monthly time-scales, while TAMSAT performed better at the daily time-scale. The performance of the different satellite products exhibits high spatial variability with weak performances over coastal and mountainous regions.
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Tufa","contributorId":330695,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dinku","given":"Tufa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":78970,"text":"IRI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":885603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Funk, Chris 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":167070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Chris","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":885604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peterson, Pete","contributorId":192379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"Pete","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":885605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maidment, Ross","contributorId":330747,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maidment","given":"Ross","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":885787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tadesse, Tsegaye 0000-0002-4102-1137","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4102-1137","contributorId":147617,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tadesse","given":"Tsegaye","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":885606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ceccato, Pietro","contributorId":330696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ceccato","given":"Pietro","affiliations":[{"id":78970,"text":"IRI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":885607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70202420,"text":"70202420 - 2018 - Gaps in kelp cover may threaten the recovery of California sea otters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-28T09:35:39","indexId":"70202420","displayToPublicDate":"2018-11-01T09:35:31","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1445,"text":"Ecography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gaps in kelp cover may threaten the recovery of California sea otters","docAbstract":"Despite more than a century of federal protection, the California sea otter Enhydra lutris nereis remains threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA), and the population has not appreciably expanded its range in two decades. Here, we examine a novel dataset of 725 sea otter live strandings from 1984–2015 to gain insights into demographic and environmental factors underlying threats to sea otter recovery. Using multinomial logistic regression to evaluate spatiotemporal patterns of stranding causes, we demonstrate that increases in stranding rates, particularly outside the range center, are related to a substantial increase in shark bites. By contrast, trauma linked to human activities has declined dramatically, and now accounts for less than 5% of stranding cases. Within the range core, where the sea otter population seems regulated by prey availability, symptoms of energetic stress represent more than 63% of all strandings and are strongly associated with high sea otter density. Conversely, in range peripheries, the majority of strandings are caused by shark bite and neurological disease. Notably, these threats are virtually absent where nearshore habitat is characterized by at least 10% kelp canopy cover. Our analyses reveal that declining kelp cover may therefore constrain the population's spatial expansion and recovery in two key ways. Absence of kelp intensifies density‐independent threats in the range peripheries, and likely limits dispersal of reproductive females, which depend on kelp canopy for nursery habitat. These results highlight the significance of both top‐down and bottom‐up processes in population dynamics, and inform an ecosystem‐based approach to conservation planning.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ecog.03561","usgsCitation":"Nicholson, T.E., Mayer, K.A., Staedler, M.M., Fujii, J.A., Murray, M.J., Johnson, A.B., Tinker, M.T., and Van Houtan, K.S., 2018, Gaps in kelp cover may threaten the recovery of California sea otters: Ecography, v. 41, no. 11, p. 1751-1762, https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.03561.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1751","endPage":"1762","ipdsId":"IP-089177","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468278,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.03561","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":361606,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.6019287109375,\n 34.14818102254435\n ],\n [\n -119.16320800781249,\n 34.14818102254435\n ],\n [\n -119.16320800781249,\n 37.81846319511331\n ],\n [\n -122.6019287109375,\n 37.81846319511331\n ],\n [\n -122.6019287109375,\n 34.14818102254435\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-03-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nicholson, Teri E.","contributorId":213741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicholson","given":"Teri","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6953,"text":"Monterey Bay Aquarium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":758383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mayer, Karl A.","contributorId":203504,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mayer","given":"Karl","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36639,"text":"University of Wisconsin Zoological Museum, 250 North Mills Street, Madison, WI 53706 (PMH) Sea Otter Research and Conservation Program, Monterey Bay Aquarium, 886 Cannery Row, Monterey, CA 93940","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":758384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Staedler, Michelle M. 0000-0002-1101-6580","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1101-6580","contributorId":213742,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Staedler","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6953,"text":"Monterey Bay Aquarium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":758385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fujii, Jessica A. 0000-0003-4794-479X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4794-479X","contributorId":196602,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fujii","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":758386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Murray, Michael J.","contributorId":206852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murray","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37418,"text":"Monterey Bay Aquarium, Monterey, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":758387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnson, Andrew B.","contributorId":127459,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6953,"text":"Monterey Bay Aquarium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":758388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tinker, M. Tim 0000-0002-3314-839X ttinker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-839X","contributorId":2796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinker","given":"M.","email":"ttinker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Tim","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":758382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Van Houtan, Kyle S.","contributorId":213743,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Houtan","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6953,"text":"Monterey Bay Aquarium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":758389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70273348,"text":"70273348 - 2018 - Magmatic origin for sediment-hosted Au deposits, Guizhou Province, China: In situ chemistry and sulfur isotope composition of pyrites, Shuiyindong and Jinfeng deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-07T16:01:30.702015","indexId":"70273348","displayToPublicDate":"2018-11-01T09:04:59","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magmatic origin for sediment-hosted Au deposits, Guizhou Province, China: In situ chemistry and sulfur isotope composition of pyrites, Shuiyindong and Jinfeng deposits","docAbstract":"The southwest Guizhou Province, China, contains numerous sediment-hosted Au deposits with Au reserves greater than 700 tonnes. To date, the source of ore fluids that formed the Guizhou sediment-hosted Au deposits is controversial, hampering the formulation of genetic models. In this study, we selected the Shuiyindong and Jinfeng Au deposits, the largest strata-bound and fault-controlled deposits in Guizhou, respectively, for detailed research on pyrite chemistry and S isotope composition using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and laser ablation-multicollector-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS), respectively.
Petrography and pyrite chemistry studies distinguished five generations of pyrite. Among these, pre-ore pyrite 2 and ore pyrite are the most abundant types in the deposits. Pre-ore pyrite 2 is anhedral to euhedral and with ~2,639 ppm As and wider ranges of Cu, Sb, and Pb (<~22–4,837 ppm, <~6 to 532 ppm, and <~4 to 1,344 ppm, respectively). Gold in pre-ore pyrite 2 is below the detection limit of LA-ICP-MS (~2 ppm). Pre-ore pyrite 2 is interpreted to have a sedimentary (syngenetic or diagenetic) origin. Ore pyrite commonly rims the four identified pre-ore pyrites or occurs as individual, anhedral to euhedral crystals. Ore pyrite is enriched in Au (~641 ppm), As (~9,147 ppm), Cu (~1,043 ppm), Sb (~188 ppm), Hg (~43 ppm), and Tl (~22 ppm) in both deposits. Ore pyrite formed mainly by sulfidation of Fe in Fe-bearing host rocks, mainly Fe dolomite, and As, Cu, Sb, Hg, and Tl, also in ore fluids, were incorporated into ore pyrite.
In situ δ34S isotope ratios for pre-ore pyrite 2 and ore pyrite were measured by LA-MC-ICP-MS. Pre-ore pyrite 2 from Shuiyindong and Jinfeng deposits resulted in δ34S values ranging from −0.8 to +3.4‰ and from 5.1 to 10.5‰, respectively. Analyses of ore pyrite from the Shuiyindong have δ34S values that vary from −3.3 to +2.5‰, with a median of 0.7‰; analyses of ore pyrite from the Jinfeng range from 8.9 to 11.2‰, with a median at 10.3‰. Available bulk and in situ δ34S data in the literature for pre-ore pyrites 1 and 2 and ore-related sulfide minerals including ore pyrite, arsenopyrite, and late ore-stage stibnite, realgar, orpiment, and cinnabar from several Guizhou sediment-hosted Au deposits were compiled for comparison. Pre-ore-stage pyrites from Guizhou sediment-hosted Au deposits have a broad range of δ34S values, from −33.8 to + 17.9‰ (including in situ and available bulk δ34S data). Ore-related sulfide minerals in all Guizhou sediment-hosted Au deposits, except Jinfeng, have very similar δ34S values, and most data plot between ~−5 and +5‰. In the Jinfeng deposit, the ore-related sulfide minerals exhibit δ34S values ranging from 1.9 to 18.1‰, with most data plotting between 6 and 12‰.
The broad range of S isotope compositions for the sedimentary pyrites (pre-ore pyrites 1 and 2) indicate that S in these pre-ore pyrites was most likely generated by bacterial reduction from marine sulfate. The narrow range of δ34S values (~−5–+5‰) for ore-related sulfide minerals in all Guizhou sediment-hosted Au deposits, excepting the Jinfeng deposit, suggests that the deposits may have formed in response to a single widespread metallogenic event. As the S isotope fractionation between hydrothermal fluids and sulfide minerals in a sulfide-dominated system is small (<2‰) at ~250°C, the initial ore fluids that formed the Guizhou sediment-hosted Au deposits would have had δ34S values similar to the ore-related sulfide minerals, between ~−5 and +5‰. At Jinfeng, initial ore fluids may have mixed with local fluids with heavier δ34S, possibly basin brine (δ34Sbasin brine >18‰), resulting in elevated δ34S values of ore-related sulfide minerals and especially late ore-stage sulfide minerals.
Although few igneous rocks are exposed in the mining area around these deposits, there is evidence of magmatic activity ~20 km away. Furthermore, gravity and magnetic geophysical investigations indicate the presence of a pluton ~5 km below the surface of the Shuiyindong district. Based on in situ S isotope results and recent data indicating proximal intrusions, we interpret a deep magmatic S source for the ore fluids that formed the Guizhou sediment-hosted Au deposits. However, as the age for Au mineralization of Guizhou sediment-hosted Au deposits is still debated, the mineralization-magma connection remains hypothetical. Identifying an ore fluid source and time frame for Guizhou Au mineralization continues to be a critically important research goal for this district.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.5382/econgeo.2018.4607","usgsCitation":"Xie, Z., Xia, Y., Cline, J., Pribil, M., Koenig, A., Tan, Q., Wei, D., Wang, Z., and Yan, J., 2018, Magmatic origin for sediment-hosted Au deposits, Guizhou Province, China: In situ chemistry and sulfur isotope composition of pyrites, Shuiyindong and Jinfeng deposits: Economic Geology, v. 7, no. 113, p. 1627-1652, https://doi.org/10.5382/econgeo.2018.4607.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"1627","endPage":"1652","ipdsId":"IP-097173","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498381,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 102,\n 27\n ],\n [\n 102,\n 22\n ],\n [\n 108.5,\n 22\n ],\n [\n 108.5,\n 27\n ],\n [\n 102,\n 27\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"113","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xie, Zhuojun","contributorId":364901,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xie","given":"Zhuojun","affiliations":[{"id":40182,"text":"University of Nevada Las Vegas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xia, Yong","contributorId":364903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xia","given":"Yong","affiliations":[{"id":87003,"text":"State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cline, Jean","contributorId":364905,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cline","given":"Jean","affiliations":[{"id":40182,"text":"University of Nevada Las Vegas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pribil, Michael J. 0000-0003-4859-8673 mpribil@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4859-8673","contributorId":141158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pribil","given":"Michael","email":"mpribil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Koenig, Alan 0000-0002-5230-0924","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5230-0924","contributorId":206119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koenig","given":"Alan","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tan, Qingping","contributorId":364906,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tan","given":"Qingping","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":953406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wei, Dongtian","contributorId":364907,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wei","given":"Dongtian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":953407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wang, Zepeng","contributorId":364908,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Zepeng","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":953408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Yan, Jun","contributorId":364909,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yan","given":"Jun","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":953409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70199844,"text":"fs20183070 - 2018 - StreamStats for South Carolina: A multipurpose water-resources web application","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-23T16:35:38.536274","indexId":"fs20183070","displayToPublicDate":"2018-11-01T09:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-3070","title":"StreamStats for South Carolina: A multipurpose water-resources web application","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) developed the South Carolina StreamStats application in cooperation with the South Carolina Department of Transportation. StreamStats (https://water.usgs.gov/osw/streamstats/) is a map-based web application that provides analytical tools useful for water-resources planning and management and many engineering purposes. The web application delineates drainage areas at user-selected sites on South Carolina streams, generates basin characteristics, and, where appropriate, estimates peak-flow statistics for the selected sites. StreamStats users also can obtain published flow statistics for USGS streamgages, such as peak flow, low flow, and daily mean flow durations.
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U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road, Suite 129
Columbia, SC 29210
Alviso Slough area, South San Francisco Bay, California, is the site of an ongoing effort to restore former salt production ponds to intertidal habitat. As restoration proceeds and the levees surrounding the former salt production ponds are breached, the increase in tidal prism and associated sediment scour in the sloughs will remobilize legacy mercury deposits. A numerical model that is able to assess patterns of sediment transport, erosion, and the fate of remobilized sediments can improve mercury remobilization estimates and inform management actions.
The goals of the current research are to (1) validate a 2D geomorphic model for Alviso Slough using bathymetric surveys and to (2) apply the validated model for Alviso Slough to investigate scenarios of sea level rise and levee breaching on the long-term scour in Alviso Slough. The 2D geomorphic numerical model applies the Delft3D Flexible Mesh (software by Deltares) that describes detailed interaction between hydrodynamics, sediment transport, and geomorphic change on a high resolution mesh.
The morphodynamic modeling exercise shows that observed erosion and sedimentation patterns can be reproduced with skill. The associated suspended sediment concentrations are more difficult to reproduce. The model reveals tide residual flow patterns that are difficult to measure. These residual flow and transport patterns are the result of subtle, tide residual transport trends so that their effect becomes visible in multi-year simulations. Scenario model simulations show possible, illustrative impacts of sea level rise and potential management interventions (additional levee breaches).
","language":"English","publisher":"South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project","usgsCitation":"Van der Wegen, M., Reyes, J., Jaffe, B., and Foxgrover, A., 2018, Modeling morphodynamic development in the Alviso Slough system, South San Francisco Bay, California, 30 p.","productDescription":"30 p.","ipdsId":"IP-102532","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368849,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":368846,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.southbayrestoration.org/document/modeling-morphodynamic-development-alviso-slough-system-south-san-francisco-bay-california"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Alviso Slough, South San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.03767776489258,\n 37.415300132745415\n ],\n [\n -121.9563102722168,\n 37.415300132745415\n ],\n [\n -121.9563102722168,\n 37.47063471259065\n ],\n [\n -122.03767776489258,\n 37.47063471259065\n ],\n [\n -122.03767776489258,\n 37.415300132745415\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van der Wegen, Mick","contributorId":191095,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van der Wegen","given":"Mick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":767396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reyes, Johan","contributorId":217734,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reyes","given":"Johan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36631,"text":"IHE-Delft Institute for Water Education","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jaffe, Bruce 0000-0002-8816-5920 bjaffe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8816-5920","contributorId":217733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Bruce","email":"bjaffe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Foxgrover, Amy 0000-0003-0638-5776 afoxgrover@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0638-5776","contributorId":217735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foxgrover","given":"Amy","email":"afoxgrover@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70204939,"text":"70204939 - 2018 - It matters when you measure it: Using snow-cover Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to isolate post-fire conifer regeneration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-23T15:06:29","indexId":"70204939","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-31T14:57:44","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2083,"text":"International Journal of Wildland Fire","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"It matters when you measure it: Using snow-cover Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to isolate post-fire conifer regeneration","docAbstract":"Landsat Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is commonly used to monitor post-fire green-up; however, most studies do not distinguish new growth of conifer from deciduous or herbaceous species, despite potential consequences for local climate, carbon and wildlife. We found that dual season (growing and snow cover) NDVI improved our ability to distinguish conifer tree presence and density. We then examined the post-fire pattern (1984–2017) in Landsat NDVI for fires that occurred a minimum of 20 years ago (1986–1997). Points were classified into four categories depending on whether NDVI, 20 years post-fire, had returned to pre-fire values in only the growing season, only under snow cover, in both seasons or neither. We found that each category of points showed distinct patterns of NDVI change that could be used to characterise the average pre-fire and post-fire vegetation condition Of the points analysed, 43% showed a between-season disagreement if NDVI had returned to pre-fire values, suggesting that using dual-season NDVI can modify our interpretations of post-fire conditions. We also found an improved correlation between 5- and 20-year NDVI change under snow cover, potentially attributable to snow masking fast-growing herbaceous vegetation. This study suggests that snow-cover Landsat imagery can enhance characterisations of forest recovery following fire.
Restoration and rehabilitation of native vegetation in dryland ecosystems, which encompass over 40% of terrestrial ecosystems, is a common challenge that continues to grow as wildfire and biological invasions transform dryland plant communities. The difficulty in part stems from low and variable precipitation, combined with limited understanding about how weather conditions influence restoration outcomes, and increasing recognition that one‐time seeding approaches can fail if they do not occur during appropriate plant establishment conditions. The sagebrush biome, which once covered over 620,000 km2 of western North America, is a prime example of a pressing dryland restoration challenge for which restoration success has been variable. We analyzed field data on Artemisia tridentata (big sagebrush) restoration collected at 771 plots in 177 wildfire sites across its western range, and used process‐based ecohydrological modeling to identify factors leading to its establishment. Our results indicate big sagebrush occurrence is most strongly associated with relatively cool temperatures and wet soils in the first spring after seeding. In particular, the amount of winter snowpack, but not total precipitation, helped explain the availability of spring soil moisture and restoration success. We also find considerable interannual variability in the probability of sagebrush establishment. Adaptive management strategies that target seeding during cool, wet years or mitigate effects of variability through repeated seeding may improve the likelihood of successful restoration in dryland ecosystems. Given consistent projections of increasing temperatures, declining snowpack, and increasing weather variability throughout midlatitude drylands, weather‐centric adaptive management approaches to restoration will be increasingly important for dryland restoration success.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gcb.14374","usgsCitation":"Shriver, R.K., Andrews, C.M., Pilliod, D.S., Arkle, R., Welty, J.L., Germino, M., Duniway, M.C., Pyke, D.A., and Bradford, J.B., 2018, Adapting management to a changing world: Warm temperatures, dry soil, and interannual variability limit restoration success of a dominant woody shrub in temperate drylands: Global Change Biology, v. 24, no. 10, p. 4972-4982, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14374.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"4972","endPage":"4982","ipdsId":"IP-095817","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437704,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9U67LQX","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Environmental conditions, covariate data used in model fitting, and long-term establishment predictions from 1979 to 2016 in the Great Basin, USA"},{"id":359048,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -110,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -110,\n 45\n ],\n [\n -122,\n 45\n ],\n [\n -122,\n 37.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a900e4b034bf6a7e4ee0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shriver, Robert K. 0000-0002-4590-4834","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4590-4834","contributorId":210332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shriver","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andrews, Caitlin M. 0000-0003-4593-1071 candrews@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4593-1071","contributorId":192985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"Caitlin","email":"candrews@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pilliod, David S. 0000-0003-4207-3518 dpilliod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4207-3518","contributorId":149254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pilliod","given":"David","email":"dpilliod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Arkle, Robert 0000-0003-3021-1389 rarkle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3021-1389","contributorId":149893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arkle","given":"Robert","email":"rarkle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Welty, Justin L. 0000-0001-7829-7324 jwelty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7829-7324","contributorId":4206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welty","given":"Justin","email":"jwelty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Germino, Matthew J. 0000-0001-6326-7579 mgermino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6326-7579","contributorId":152582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Germino","given":"Matthew J.","email":"mgermino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Duniway, Michael C. 0000-0002-9643-2785 mduniway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9643-2785","contributorId":4212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duniway","given":"Michael","email":"mduniway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Pyke, David A. 0000-0002-4578-8335 david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4578-8335","contributorId":3118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pyke","given":"David","email":"david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70200758,"text":"70200758 - 2018 - Tropical storm-induced landslide potential using combined field monitoring and numerical modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T14:10:54","indexId":"70200758","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-31T14:10:50","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2327,"text":"Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tropical storm-induced landslide potential using combined field monitoring and numerical modeling","docAbstract":"When heavy rainfall, such as that associated with tropical storms, falls on steep hillsides, shallow landslides are often one of the damaging consequences. To assess landslide potential from heavy rainfall, a strategy of combined numerical simulation and field monitoring of variably saturated hillslope conditions is developed. To test the combined method, hillslope hydrologic data from paired field monitoring sites in western North Carolina are examined. The hydrologic data collected from the field monitoring site where no shallow landslide has occurred is used to identify and calibrate the hydromechanical parameters used in a numerical ground water flow model. The identified parameters are then used to simulate landslide potential at the two hillslopes during heavy rainfall associated with hurricanes Frances and Ivan (HFI) that impacted western North Carolina in 2004. Results identify the timing of instability at the shallow landslide site and show that the stable site remains stable during rainfall associated with the HFI tropical storms. Thus, the results demonstrate the effectiveness of combined numerical modeling and field monitoring to evaluate landslide potential under variably saturated conditions.
Hillslope asymmetry is often attributed to differential eco‐hydro‐geomorphic processes resulting from aspect‐related differences in insolation. At midlatitudes, polar facing hillslopes are steeper, wetter, have denser vegetation, and deeper soils than their equatorial facing counterparts. We propose that at regional scales, the magnitude in insolation‐driven hillslope asymmetry is sensitive to variations in climate, and investigate the fire‐prone landscapes in southeastern Australia to evaluate this hypothesis. Patterns of asymmetry in soil depth and landform were quantified using soil depth measurements and topographic analysis across a contemporary rainfall gradient. Results show that polar facing hillslopes are steeper, and have greater soil depth, than equatorial facing slopes. Furthermore, we show that the magnitude of this asymmetry varies systematically with aridity index, with a maximum at the transition between water and energy limitation, suggesting a possible long‐term role of climate in hillslope development.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2018GL077629","usgsCitation":"Inbar, A., Nyman, P., Rengers, F.K., Lane, P., and Sheridan, G.J., 2018, Climate dictates magnitude of asymmetry in soil depth and hillslope gradient: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 45, no. 13, p. 6514-6522, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL077629.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"6514","endPage":"6522","ipdsId":"IP-098062","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468279,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2018gl077629","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":359025,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"13","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a901e4b034bf6a7e4ee8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Inbar, Assaf","contributorId":210294,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Inbar","given":"Assaf","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38098,"text":"School of Ecosystems and Forest Sciences, Univ. of Melbourne, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nyman, Petter","contributorId":187489,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nyman","given":"Petter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":750383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rengers, Francis K. 0000-0002-1825-0943 frengers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1825-0943","contributorId":150422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rengers","given":"Francis","email":"frengers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lane, Patrick N. J.","contributorId":210292,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lane","given":"Patrick N. J.","affiliations":[{"id":13336,"text":"University of Melbourne","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sheridan, Gary J.","contributorId":210293,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sheridan","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13336,"text":"University of Melbourne","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70203065,"text":"70203065 - 2018 - Evaluating flow management as a strategy to recover an endangered sturgeon species in the Upper Missouri River, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-16T13:45:48","indexId":"70203065","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-31T11:36:50","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating flow management as a strategy to recover an endangered sturgeon species in the Upper Missouri River, USA","docAbstract":"In the Upper Missouri River, Fort Peck and Garrison Dams limit the length of free‐flowing river available to the endangered pallid sturgeon. These barriers restrict the upstream migration of adults and downstream larval dispersal. A one‐dimensional (1D) modelling framework is currently in use to evaluate reservoir operation alternatives and to simulate drift of dispersing free embryos for different flow regimes and reservoir stages. This paper presents the results of a large‐scale tracer experiment conducted in 2016 and associated modelling performed to evaluate flow management scenarios that might aid species recovery. Breakthrough curves from the tracer experiment were used to infer the 1D longitudinal dispersion coefficient from a parameter optimization procedure. Simulations generated using the calibrated 1D advection–dispersion model were compared with field observations of the passive tracer and with larval fish collected during a previous experiment in 2007. When used with the appropriate range of dispersion coefficients, the 1D modelling framework agrees well with the available direct measurements of larval drift distances. Although we cannot unequivocally state whether insufficient length of free‐flowing river alone is causing recruitment failure, given the current thermal regime and our understanding of pallid sturgeon development, the time required for pallid sturgeon to transition to the benthos and initiate feeding might exceed the duration of drift available given constraints of reservoir operations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.3371","usgsCitation":"Erwin, S.O., Bulliner, E.A., Fischenich, C.J., Jacobson, R.B., Braaten, P., and Delonay, A.J., 2018, Evaluating flow management as a strategy to recover an endangered sturgeon species in the Upper Missouri River, USA: River Research and Applications, v. 34, no. 10, p. 1254-1266, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.3371.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1254","endPage":"1266","ipdsId":"IP-098090","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":362980,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Upper Missouri River ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.161376953125,\n 47.864773955792245\n ],\n [\n -102.733154296875,\n 47.864773955792245\n ],\n [\n -102.733154296875,\n 48.246625590713826\n ],\n [\n -104.161376953125,\n 48.246625590713826\n ],\n [\n -104.161376953125,\n 47.864773955792245\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-10-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erwin, Susannah O. 0000-0002-2799-0118 serwin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2799-0118","contributorId":5183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erwin","given":"Susannah","email":"serwin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bulliner, Edward A. 0000-0002-2774-9295 ebulliner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2774-9295","contributorId":4983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bulliner","given":"Edward","email":"ebulliner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fischenich, Craig J","contributorId":176226,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fischenich","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":761018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jacobson, Robert B. 0000-0002-8368-2064 rjacobson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":1289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Robert","email":"rjacobson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Braaten, Patrick 0000-0003-3362-420X pbraaten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3362-420X","contributorId":152682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Braaten","given":"Patrick","email":"pbraaten@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"DeLonay, Aaron J. 0000-0002-3752-2799 adelonay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3752-2799","contributorId":2725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeLonay","given":"Aaron","email":"adelonay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70199146,"text":"ds1096 - 2018 - Geologic, hydrologic, and water-quality data from multiple-well monitoring sites in the Bunker Hill and Yucaipa Groundwater Subbasins, San Bernardino County, California, 1974–2016","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-03T14:16:01","indexId":"ds1096","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-31T10:49:21","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1096","title":"Geologic, hydrologic, and water-quality data from multiple-well monitoring sites in the Bunker Hill and Yucaipa Groundwater Subbasins, San Bernardino County, California, 1974–2016","docAbstract":"In 1974, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the San Bernardino Valley Municipal Water District, initiated a study to assess the regional groundwater resources in the Bunker Hill Subbasin of the Upper Santa Ana Valley Groundwater Basin in San Bernardino County, California. The study area expanded east into the Yucaipa Subbasin in 1996. This report compiles the geologic (borehole lithology and geophysical logs) and hydrologic (water-quality and water-level) data collected from 1974–2016 for 11 multiple-well monitoring sites (48 individual wells) constructed by the USGS in the Bunker Hill (7 sites) and Yucaipa (4 sites) Groundwater Subbasins.
Approximately 240 water-quality samples from the 11 sites were analyzed for constituents including major and minor ions, nutrients, selected trace elements, organic wastewater compounds (OWCs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), pesticides and pesticide degradates, the stable isotopes of hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, and the radiogenic isotopes of tritium and carbon-14. All environmental data associated with these sites are available on the project web page for the San Bernardino Optimal Basin Management study (https://ca.water.usgs.gov/sanbern/) and the Yucaipa Valley Hydrogeology study (https://ca.water.usgs.gov/yucaipa/).
Quality-assurance blank samples were processed periodically throughout the study and show that approximately 2.4 percent of the analytical results for major and minor ions, trace elements, and nutrients, and 1.5 percent of the results for VOCs fall below the acceptable study reporting limits and therefore are censored.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds1096","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the San Bernardino Valley Municipal Water District","usgsCitation":"Mendez, G.O., Anders, R., McPherson, K.R., and Danskin, W.R., 2018, Geologic, hydrologic, and water-quality data from multiple-well monitoring sites in the Bunker Hill and Yucaipa Groundwater Subbasins, San Bernardino County, California, 1974–2016 (ver 1.1): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1096, 215 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1096.","productDescription":"viii, 215 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1974-01-01","temporalEnd":"2016-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-077227","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358988,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1096/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":359774,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1096/versionHist.txt","size":"3 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"DS 1096 Version History"},{"id":358989,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1096/ds1096_v1.1.pdf","text":"Report","size":"25.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 1096"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Bernardino County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.54547119140624,\n 33.863573814253485\n ],\n [\n -116.54022216796875,\n 33.863573814253485\n ],\n [\n -116.54022216796875,\n 34.34343606848294\n ],\n [\n -117.54547119140624,\n 34.34343606848294\n ],\n [\n -117.54547119140624,\n 33.863573814253485\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.1: November 2018; Version 1.0: October 2018","contact":"Director,
California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, California 95819
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the St. Johns River Water Management District, conducted a study to examine water fluxes in two small study areas in the Indian River Lagoon. Vertical arrays of temperature sensors were placed at multiple locations in the lagoon bed to measure temperature time series in the vertical profile. These data at one of the study areas, Eau Gallie, were used in two numerical models, 1DTempPro and VFLUX, to estimate seepage flux rates into the lagoon. 1DTempPro uses an inverse-modeling approach to calibrate groundwater flux to the measured temperature time series. VFLUX isolates the fundamental frequency signal in the temperature data and utilizes the resulting amplitude and phase differences between sensor locations to determine vertical water flux.
Field measurements were made during two time periods, March 23 to April 28, 2017, and June 1 to November 3, 2017. Simulating the first, drier period at one location with 1DTempPro helped determine reasonable seepage fluctuations and provided guidelines for choosing which temperature sensor pairs used in the VFLUX simulations would produce the best results. VFLUX simulations at eight locations indicated daily average seepage flux rates of less than 20 centimeters per day (cm/d) and substantial seepage flux out to a distance of at least 110 meters from shore. The spatial variation in average seepage flux rates within 40 meters of shore seemed large, ranging from about 3 to 20 cm/d.
In the VFLUX application using the June 1–November 3, 2017 data, the seepage flux has a higher magnitude and fluctuation than the first simulation period, making the isolation of the fundamental temperature frequency signal in the temperature data difficult. However, useful partial or full simulations were achieved at 6 of the 10 locations. The storm surge of Hurricane Irma on September 10, 2017, changed the depths of the sensors relative to the lagoon bed and disrupted the ability of VFLUX to compute seepage flux for the posthurricane period. The June 1 to November 3, 2017, computed seepage flux rates were higher than those for the March 24 to April 28, 2017, period and were sometimes as great as 40 cm/d, and more than 60 cm/d at one location. The seepage time-series data collected during Hurricane Irma indicates a downward seepage flux as a result of the storm surge, followed by upwelling from precipitation recharge inland. The average seepage flux rates are higher than those during the March–April period and are over 25 cm/d near the coast and about 20 cm/d 130 meters offshore.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181151","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the St. Johns River Water Management District","usgsCitation":"Swain, E.D., and Prinos, S.T., 2018, Using heat as a tracer to determine groundwater seepage in the Indian River Lagoon, Florida, April–November, 2017: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1151, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181151.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 18 p.; Data Releases","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-096716","costCenters":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358771,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9Q8JGAO","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Model data sets for 1DTempPro and VFLUX simulation experiments to determine groundwater seepage in the Indian River Lagoon, Florida"},{"id":358770,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1151/ofr20181151.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7.86 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018–1151"},{"id":358769,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1151/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":358772,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7VM4B41","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Temperature data collected in the Indian River Lagoon to evaluate groundwater seepage, Brevard County, Florida, 2017–2018"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Indian River Lagoon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.91156005859375,\n 28.10832614221258\n ],\n [\n -80.452880859375,\n 28.10832614221258\n ],\n [\n -80.452880859375,\n 28.84707946871795\n ],\n [\n -80.91156005859375,\n 28.84707946871795\n ],\n [\n -80.91156005859375,\n 28.10832614221258\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4446 Pet Lane, Suite 108
Lutz, FL 33559
Demonstrating disease impacts on the vital rates of free‐ranging mammalian hosts typically requires intensive, long‐term study. Evidence for chronic pathogens affecting reproduction but not survival is rare, but has the potential for wide‐ranging effects. Accurately quantifying disease‐associated reductions in fecundity is important for advancing theory, generating accurate predictive models, and achieving effective management. We investigated the impacts of brucellosis (Brucella abortus) on elk (Cervus canadensis) productivity using serological data from over 6,000 captures since 1990 in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, USA. Over 1,000 of these records included known age and pregnancy status. Using Bayesian multilevel models, we estimated the age‐specific pregnancy probabilities of exposed and naïve elk. We then used repeat‐capture data to investigate the full effects of the disease on life history. Brucellosis exposure reduced pregnancy rates of elk captured in mid‐ and late‐winter. In an average year, we found 60% of exposed 2‐year‐old elk were pregnant compared to 91% of their naïve counterparts (a 31 percentage point reduction, 89% HPDI = 20%–42%), whereas exposed 3‐ to 9‐year‐olds were 7 percentage points less likely to be pregnant than naïve elk of their same age (89% HPDI = 2%–11%). We found these reduced rates of pregnancy to be independent from disease‐induced abortions, which afflict a portion of exposed elk. We estimate that the combination of reduced pregnancy by mid‐winter and the abortions following mid‐winter reduces the reproductive output of exposed female elk by 24%, which affects population dynamics to a similar extent as severe winters or droughts. Exposing hidden reproductive costs of disease is essential to avoid conflating them with the effects of climate and predation. Such reproductive costs cause complex population dynamics, and the magnitude of the effect we found should drive a strong selection gradient if there is heritable resistance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.4521","usgsCitation":"Cotterill, G., Cross, P.C., Middleton, A.D., Rogerson, J.D., Scurlock, B., and Du Toit, J.T., 2018, Hidden cost of disease in a free‐ranging ungulate: brucellosis reduces mid‐winter pregnancy in elk: Ecology and Evolution, v. 8, no. 22, p. 10733-10742, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4521.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"10733","endPage":"10742","ipdsId":"IP-096975","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468280,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4521","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":358977,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"22","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-10-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c08f1c6e4b0815414d0bbfd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cotterill, Gavin G.","contributorId":203301,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cotterill","given":"Gavin G.","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cross, Paul C. 0000-0001-8045-5213 pcross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-5213","contributorId":2709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Paul","email":"pcross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Middleton, Arthur D.","contributorId":210264,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Middleton","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":33770,"text":"University of California at Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rogerson, Jared D.","contributorId":210265,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogerson","given":"Jared","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36596,"text":"Wyoming Game and Fish Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Scurlock, Brandon","contributorId":145744,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scurlock","given":"Brandon","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16219,"text":"Wyoming Game and Fish Department, PO Box 850, Pinedale, Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Du Toit, Johan T. 0000-0003-0705-7117","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0705-7117","contributorId":210266,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Du Toit","given":"Johan","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70200728,"text":"70200728 - 2018 - Flooding tolerance of Sagittaria latifolia and Sagittaria rigida under controlled laboratory conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-30T14:53:01","indexId":"70200728","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-30T14:52:57","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Flooding tolerance of Sagittaria latifolia and Sagittaria rigida under controlled laboratory conditions","title":"Flooding tolerance of Sagittaria latifolia and Sagittaria rigida under controlled laboratory conditions","docAbstract":"Pool‐scale growing‐season water‐level reductions (drawdowns) have been implemented on the Upper Mississippi River in an effort to improve fish and wildlife habitat. Aquatic vegetation is a key habitat component, with perennial emergent species, such as Sagittaria latifolia and Sagittaria rigida, especially important. River managers have assumed the need for continuous drawdown during the growing season with limited reflooding and used this guidance in assessing the potential for an ecologically successful drawdown. However, information on the effects of growing‐season flooding episodes on survival and growth of Sagittaria is limited. To assess the flooding tolerance of S. latifoliaand S. rigida, we evaluated multiple levels of timing, duration, and depth on survival and productivity of plants. Plants were produced from S. latifolia and S. rigida seeds and S. latifolia tubers; all were reared under moist‐soil or shallow‐flooded rearing conditions. Mortality of plants was low (2%) among plants from large tubers, low (7%) among seedlings (and largely associated with early flooding treatments), and modest (11%) among plants from small tubers (with no clear effects of inundation). Flooding treatments generally had a positive effect on biomass production from seedlings, particularly when treatments occurred early, were relatively shallow, and were short in duration. There were no clear effects of depth, duration, or timing components of flooding treatments on plant biomass arising from tubers. This experiment indicates that S. latifolia and S. rigida are relatively tolerant of flooding events during the growing season and may actually benefit from some level of inundation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.3337","usgsCitation":"Kenow, K.P., Gray, B.R., and Lyons, J., 2018, Flooding tolerance of Sagittaria latifolia and Sagittaria rigida under controlled laboratory conditions: River Research and Applications, v. 34, no. 8, p. 1024-1031, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.3337.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1024","endPage":"1031","ipdsId":"IP-096529","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437705,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7Q52NW4","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Sagittaria flooding tolerance experiment data"},{"id":358976,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a902e4b034bf6a7e4eec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kenow, Kevin P. 0000-0002-3062-5197 kkenow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3062-5197","contributorId":3339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kenow","given":"Kevin","email":"kkenow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gray, Brian R. 0000-0001-7682-9550 brgray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7682-9550","contributorId":2615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Brian","email":"brgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lyons, James E.","contributorId":198859,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lyons","given":"James E.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70200690,"text":"70200690 - 2018 - Resiliency of biological soil crusts and vascular plants varies among morphogroups with disturbance intensity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T08:43:58","indexId":"70200690","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-30T14:48:45","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3089,"text":"Plant and Soil","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Resiliency of biological soil crusts and vascular plants varies among morphogroups with disturbance intensity","docAbstract":"Background and aims
Disturbance affects the ability of organisms to persist on a site, and disturbance history acts as a filter of community composition. This is true for vascular plants and morphological groups of biocrusts, which respond differently to disturbance. Although functioning arid ecosystems include both groups, filtering of morphological groups of biocrusts has not previously been compared simultaneously with the responses of vascular plants.
Methods
Using a chronosequence approach, cover of vascular plants and biocrusts was examined across chronic disturbance gradients related to invasion by exotic species and grazing by livestock, following the acute disturbance of fire using paired burned and unburned plots in Wyoming big sagebrush on 99 plots.
Results
Cover of vascular plants and biocrusts was related to disturbance more so than abiotic factors of precipitation following fire, soil chemistry, percent coarse fragment and heat load index. Over time since fire of 12–23 years, we saw recovery of early successional groups: short mosses, shallow-rooted perennial grasses and annual forbs. Cover of deep and shallow-rooted perennial grasses and annual forbs increased in cover with intermediate levels of disturbance. Perennial forbs lacked a clear relationship with disturbance. Biocrusts decreased in cover with less disturbance when compared with perennial herbaceous plants but differed in sensitivities. Tall mosses were less sensitive to disturbance compared with lichens. Short mosses increased with some disturbance.
Conclusions
Morphological groups of biocrusts and vascular plants are eliminated with increasing variability in the size of gaps between perennials represented by the standard deviation of gaps between perennials. The inclusion of both groups in assessments of ecosystem recovery following disturbance addresses the fact that recovery of either group does not happen in isolation from the other but with interacting contributions to ecosystem functions.