We conducted a natural resource assessment of Rocky Mountain National Park (ROMO) to provide a synthesis of existing scientific data and knowledge to address the current conditions for a subset of important park natural resources. The intent is for this report to help provide park resource managers with data and information, particularly in the form of spatially-explicit maps and GIS databases, about those natural resources and to place emerging issues within a local, regional, national, or global context. With an advisory team, we identified the following condition indicators that would be useful to assess the condition of the park:
\nAir and Climate: Condition of alpine lakes and atmospheric deposition
\nWater: Extent and connectivity of wetland and riparian areas
\nBiotic Integrity: Extent of exotic terrestrial plant species, extent of fish distributions, and extent of suitable beaver habitat
\nLandscapes: Extent and pattern of major ecological systems and natural landscapes connectivity
\nThese indicators are summarized in the following pages. We also developed two maps of important issues for use by park managers: visitor use (thru accessibility modeling) and proportion of watersheds affected by beetle kill.
\nBased on our analysis, we believe that there is a high degree of concern for the following indicators: condition of alpine lakes; extent and connectivity of riparian/wetland areas; extent of exotic terrestrial plants (especially below 9,500’); extent of fish distributions; extent of suitable beaver habitat; and natural landscapes and connectivity. We found a low degree of concern for: the extent and pattern of major ecological systems.
\nThe indicators and issues were also summarized by the 34 watershed units (HUC12) within the park. Generally, we found six watersheds to be in “pristine” condition: Black Canyon Creek, Comanche Creek, Middle Saint Vrain Creek, South Fork of the Cache la Poudre, Buchanan Creek, and East Inlet. Four watersheds were found to have strong restoration opportunities: Big Thompson River West, Cache la Poudre South, Colorado River North, and Onahu Creek. Ten watersheds were found to have substantial near-term issues: Aspen Brook, Big Thompson River West, Black Canyon Creek, Cabin Creek, Cache la Poudre South, Fall River, Hague Creek, La Poudre Pass Creek, North Fork Big Thompson (East), and Colorado River North.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Theobald, D., Baron, J., Newman, P., Noon, B., Norman, J.B., Leinwand, I., Linn, S., Sherer, R., Williams, K., and Hartman, M., 2010, A Natural Resource Condition Assessment for Rocky Mountain National Park, 179 p.","productDescription":"179 p.","numberOfPages":"179","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291451,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53db583fe4b0fba533fa355d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Theobald, D.M.","contributorId":15157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theobald","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Newman, P.","contributorId":94010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newman","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Noon, B.","contributorId":22701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noon","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Norman, J. B. III","contributorId":31511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norman","given":"J.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Leinwand, I.","contributorId":70300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leinwand","given":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Linn, S.E.","contributorId":15122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linn","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sherer, R.","contributorId":91414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherer","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Williams, K.E.","contributorId":18687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hartman, M.","contributorId":58195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartman","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70242674,"text":"70242674 - 2010 - Impact of harvest on survival of a heavily hunted game bird population","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-12T13:33:29.372249","indexId":"70242674","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T08:08:02","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3777,"text":"Wildlife Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impact of harvest on survival of a heavily hunted game bird population","docAbstract":"Context. Despite their economic importance and intensive management, many game bird species, including the northern bobwhite Colinus virginianus, are in decline. Declines may be explained, at least in part, by low survival due perhaps to poor habitat quality, high predation or excessive hunting pressure.
Aims. This study sought to estimate and model annual/seasonal survival probabilities, to evaluate factors influencing them and to determine the cause-specific mortality rates for northern bobwhites subject to varying levels of harvest on the Babcock–Webb Wildlife Management Area (BW area), south Florida, USA.
Methods. We applied Cox’s proportional hazard models to data collected from 2066 radio-tagged bobwhites during 2002–2008 to test for intrinsic and extrinsic factors affecting survival and the non-parametric cumulative incidence function estimator to estimate cause-specific mortality rates.
Key results. Mean annual survival (0.091 ± 0.006) in the BW area was lower than most estimates reported for other bobwhite populations. Annual survival differed between adults (0.111 ± 0.008) and juveniles (0.052 ± 0.008), and varied among years. Survival in winter (October–March; 0.295 ± 0.014) was similar to that in summer (April–September; 0.307 ± 0.013). Density of food strips (i.e. long and narrow food plots) did not influence survival, but hunting effort (number of hunters per day per km2) had a substantial negative impact on survival. In the lightly hunted field trial zone, winter (October–March) survival was significantly higher (0.414 ± 0.035) than in the other more heavily hunted management zones (0.319 ± 0.016). Cause-specific mortality analyses revealed that bobwhite mortality during summer (April–September) was mainly due to raptor (39.7%) and mammalian predation (35.6%), whereas hunting was the primary cause of mortality during
winter (47.1%).
Conclusions. Our results highlight the potential role of harvest as an important cause of the northern bobwhite population declines in south Florida. High mortality during winter may reduce recruitment of juveniles to the reproductive segment of the population, and ultimately the population growth.
Implications. Our results suggest that reduction in hunting pressure may be necessary to reverse the declining population trends in heavily hunted game species in public lands, such as the northern bobwhites in the BW area.
As part of tagging and ecologic research efforts in 1997 and 1998, apparently healthy sea otters of four age-sex classes in six locations in Alaska and three in California were sampled for persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and other chemicals of ecologic or environmental concern (COECs). Published techniques for the detection of POPs (specifically Σpolychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs], ΣDDTs, Σhexachlorocyclohexanes [HCHs], Σpolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [PAHs], Σchlordanes [CHLs], hexachlorobenzene [HCB], dieldrin, and mirex) in the tissue of dead otters were modified for use with serum from live sea otters. Toxic equivalencies (TEQs) were calculated for POPs with proven bioactivity. Strong location effects were seen for most POPs and COECs; sea otters in California generally showed higher mean concentrations than those in Alaska. Differences in contaminant concentrations were detected among age and sex classes, with high levels frequently observed in subadults. Very high levels of ΣDDT were detected in male sea otters in Elkhorn Slough, California, where strong freshwater outflow from agricultural areas occurs seasonally. All contaminants except mirex differed among Alaskan locations; only ΣDDT, HCB, and chlorpyrifos differed within California. High levels of ΣPCB (particularly larger, more persistent congeners) were detected at two locations in Alaska where associations between elevated PCBs and military activity have been established, while higher PCB levels were found at all three locations in California where no point source of PCBs has been identified. Although POP and COEC concentrations in blood may be less likely to reflect total body burden, concentrations in blood of healthy animals may be more biologically relevant and less influenced by state of nutrition or perimortem factors than other tissues routinely sampled.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-46.4.1214","usgsCitation":"Jessup, D., Johnson, C., Estes, J., Carlson-Bremer, D., Jarman, W.M., Reese, S., Dodd, E., Tinker, M.T., and Ziccardi, M.H., 2010, Persistent organic pollutants in the blood of free-ranging sea otters (Enhydra lutris ssp.) in Alaska and California: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 46, no. 4, p. 1214-1233, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-46.4.1214.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1214","endPage":"1233","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-016509","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475776,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-46.4.1214","text":"Publisher Index 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":525325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dodd, Erin","contributorId":91058,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dodd","given":"Erin","affiliations":[{"id":6952,"text":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Tinker, M. T. 0000-0002-3314-839X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-839X","contributorId":54152,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tinker","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":525327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ziccardi, Michael H.","contributorId":16677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ziccardi","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":525328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70033972,"text":"70033972 - 2010 - Decadal-timescale estuarine geomorphic change under future scenarios of climate and sediment supply","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T09:53:44","indexId":"70033972","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Decadal-timescale estuarine geomorphic change under future scenarios of climate and sediment supply","docAbstract":"Future estuarine geomorphic change, in response to climate change, sea-level rise, and watershed sediment supply, may govern ecological function, navigation, and water quality. We estimated geomorphic changes in Suisun Bay, CA, under four scenarios using a tidal-timescale hydrodynamic/sediment transport model. Computational expense and data needs were reduced using the morphological hydrograph concept and the morphological acceleration factor. The four scenarios included (1) present-day conditions; (2) sea-level rise and freshwater flow changes of 2030; (3) sea-level rise and decreased watershed sediment supply of 2030; and (4) sea-level rise, freshwater flow changes, and decreased watershed sediment supply of 2030. Sea-level rise increased water levels thereby reducing wave-induced bottom shear stress and sediment redistribution during the wind-wave season. Decreased watershed sediment supply reduced net deposition within the estuary, while minor changes in freshwater flow timing and magnitude induced the smallest overall effect. In all future scenarios, net deposition in the entire estuary and in the shallowest areas did not keep pace with sea-level rise, suggesting that intertidal and wetland areas may struggle to maintain elevation. Tidal-timescale simulations using future conditions were also used to infer changes in optical depth: though sea-level rise acts to decrease mean light irradiance, decreased suspended-sediment concentrations increase irradiance, yielding small changes in optical depth. The modeling results also assisted with the development of a dimensionless estuarine geomorphic number representing the ratio of potential sediment import forces to sediment export forces; we found the number to be linearly related to relative geomorphic change in Suisun Bay. The methods implemented here are widely applicable to evaluating future scenarios of estuarine change over decadal timescales. ?? The Author(s) 2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Estuaries and Coasts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s12237-009-9244-y","issn":"15592723","usgsCitation":"Ganju, N., and Schoellhamer, D., 2010, Decadal-timescale estuarine geomorphic change under future scenarios of climate and sediment supply: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 33, no. 1, p. 15-29, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-009-9244-y.","startPage":"15","endPage":"29","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475812,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-009-9244-y","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":244760,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216862,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12237-009-9244-y"}],"volume":"33","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe01e4b0c8380cd4ea75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ganju, N. K. 0000-0002-1096-0465","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-0465","contributorId":64782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganju","given":"N. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoellhamer, D. H. 0000-0001-9488-7340","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":85624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"D. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70033973,"text":"70033973 - 2010 - HiRISE observations of gas sublimation-driven activity in Mars' southern polar regions: III. Models of processes involving translucent ice","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-20T11:06:55","indexId":"70033973","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"HiRISE observations of gas sublimation-driven activity in Mars' southern polar regions: III. Models of processes involving translucent ice","docAbstract":"Enigmatic surface features, known as 'spiders', found at high southern martian latitudes, are probably caused by sublimation-driven erosion under the seasonal carbon dioxide ice cap. The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) has imaged this terrain in unprecedented details throughout southern spring. It has been postulated [Kieffer, H.H., Titus, T.N., Mullins, K.F., Christensen, P.R., 2000. J. Geophys. Res. 105, 9653-9700] that translucent CO2 slab ice traps gas sublimating at the ice surface boundary. Wherever the pressure is released the escaping gas jet entrains loose surface material and carries it to the top of the ice where it is carried downslope and/or downwind and deposited in a fan shape. Here we model two stages of this scenario: first, the cleaning of CO2 slab ice from dust, and then, the breaking of the slab ice plate under the pressure built below it by subliming ice. Our modeling results and analysis of HiRISE images support the gas jet hypothesis and show that outbursts happen very early in spring.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2009.08.029","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Portyankina, G., Markiewicz, W.J., Thomas, N., Hansen, C.J., and Milazzo, M.P., 2010, HiRISE observations of gas sublimation-driven activity in Mars' southern polar regions: III. Models of processes involving translucent ice: Icarus, v. 205, no. 1, p. 311-320, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2009.08.029.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"311","endPage":"320","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244793,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"205","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3095e4b0c8380cd5d77e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Portyankina, Ganna","contributorId":200703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Portyankina","given":"Ganna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Markiewicz, Wojciech J.","contributorId":13852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markiewicz","given":"Wojciech","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomas, Nicolas","contributorId":203694,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"Nicolas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25430,"text":"University of Bern","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":443466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hansen, Candice J.","contributorId":70235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hansen","given":"Candice","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Milazzo, Moses P. 0000-0002-9101-2191 moses@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-2191","contributorId":4811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milazzo","given":"Moses","email":"moses@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":443468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70037436,"text":"70037436 - 2010 - Geochronology and paleoclimatic implications of the last deglaciation of the Mauna Kea Ice Cap, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:09","indexId":"70037436","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochronology and paleoclimatic implications of the last deglaciation of the Mauna Kea Ice Cap, Hawaii","docAbstract":"We present new 3He surface exposure ages on moraines and bedrock near the summit of Mauna Kea, Hawaii, which refine the age of the Mauna Kea Ice Cap during the Local Last Glacial Maximum (LLGM) and identify a subsequent fluctuation of the ice margin. The 3He ages, when combined with those reported previously, indicate that the local ice-cap margin began to retreat from its LLGM extent at 20.5??2.5ka, in agreement with the age of deglaciation determined from LLGM moraines elsewhere in the tropics. The ice-cap margin receded to a position at least 3km upslope for ~4.5-5.0kyr before readvancing nearly to its LLGM extent. The timing of this readvance at ~15.4ka corresponds to a large reduction of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) following Heinrich Event 1. Subsequent ice-margin retreat began at 14.6??1.9ka, corresponding to a rapid resumption of the AMOC and onset of the B??lling warm interval, with the ice cap melting rapidly to complete deglaciation. Additional 3He ages obtained from a flood deposit date the catastrophic outburst of a moraine-dammed lake roughly coeval with the Younger Dryas cold interval, suggesting a more active hydrological cycle on Mauna Kea at this time. A coupled mass balance and ice dynamics model is used to constrain the climate required to generate ice caps of LLGM and readvance sizes. The depression of the LLGM equilibrium line altitude requires atmospheric cooling of 4.5??1??C, whereas the mass balance modeling indicates an accompanying increase in precipitation of as much as three times that of present. We hypothesize (1) that the LLGM temperature depression was associated with global cooling, (2) that the temperature depression that contributed to the readvance occurred in response to an atmospheric teleconnection to the North Atlantic, and (3) that the precipitation enhancement associated with both events occurred in response to a southward shift in the position of the inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ). Such a shift in the ITCZ would have allowed midlatitude cyclones to reach Mauna Kea more frequently which would have increased precipitation at high elevations and caused additional cooling. ?? 2010 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2010.06.025","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Anslow, F.S., Clark, P., Kurz, M., and Hostetler, S.W., 2010, Geochronology and paleoclimatic implications of the last deglaciation of the Mauna Kea Ice Cap, Hawaii: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 297, no. 1-2, p. 234-248, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2010.06.025.","startPage":"234","endPage":"248","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245235,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217300,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2010.06.025"}],"volume":"297","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1732e4b0c8380cd55409","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anslow, Faron S.","contributorId":35442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anslow","given":"Faron","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, P.U.","contributorId":78449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"P.U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kurz, M.D.","contributorId":66845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurz","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hostetler, S. W. 0000-0003-2272-8302","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2272-8302","contributorId":42911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostetler","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70037387,"text":"70037387 - 2010 - Depositional environments and cyclo- and chronostratigraphy of uppermost Carboniferous-Lower Triassic -lacustrine deposits, southern Bogda Mountains, NW China - A terrestrfluvialial paleoclimatic record of mid-latitude NE Pangea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-30T09:47:51","indexId":"70037387","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1844,"text":"Global and Planetary Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Depositional environments and cyclo- and chronostratigraphy of uppermost Carboniferous-Lower Triassic -lacustrine deposits, southern Bogda Mountains, NW China - A terrestrfluvialial paleoclimatic record of mid-latitude NE Pangea","docAbstract":"Two uppermost Carboniferous–Lower Triassic fluvial–lacustrine sections in the Tarlong–Taodonggou half-graben, southern Bogda Mountains, NW China, comprise a 1834 m-thick, relatively complete sedimentary and paleoclimatic record of the east coast of mid-latitude NE Pangea. Depositional environmental interpretations identified three orders (high, intermediate, and low) of sedimentary cycles. High-order cycles (HCs) have five basic types, including fluvial cycles recording repetitive changes of erosion and deposition and lacustrine cycles recording repetitive environmental changes associated with lake expansion and contraction. HCs are grouped into intermediate-order cycles (ICs) on the basis of systematic changes of thickness, type, and component lithofacies of HCs. Nine low-order cycles (LCs) are demarcated by graben-wide surfaces across which significant long-term environmental changes occurred. A preliminary cyclostratigraphic framework provides a foundation for future studies of terrestrial climate, tectonics, and paleontology in mid-latitude NE Pangea.
Climate variabilities at the intra-HC, HC, IC, and LC scales were interpreted from sedimentary and paleosol evidence. Four prominent climatic shifts are present: 1) from the humid–subhumid to highly-variable subhumid–semiarid conditions at the beginning of Sakamarian; 2) from highly-variable subhumid–semiarid to humid–subhumid conditions across the Artinskian-Capitanian unconformity; 3) from humid–subhumid to highly-variable subhumid–semiarid conditions at early Induan; and 4) from the highly-variable subhumid–semiarid to humid–subhumid conditions across the Olenekian-Anisian unconformity. The stable humid–subhumid condition from Lopingian to early Induan implies that paleoclimate change may not have been the cause of the end-Permian terrestrial mass extinction. A close documentation of the pace and timing of the extinction and exploration of other causes are needed. In addition, the semiarid–subhumid conditions from Sakamarian to Artinskian–Kungurian (?) and from middle Induan to end of Olenekian are in conflict with modern mid-latitude east coast meso- and macrothermal humid climate. Extreme continentality, regional orographic effect, and/or abnormal circulation of Paleo-Tethys maybe are possible causes. Our work serves as a rare data point at mid-latitude NE Pangea for climate modeling to seek explanations on the origin(s) of climate variability in NE Pangea from latest Carboniferous to Early Triassic.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global and Planetary Change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2010.03.008","issn":"09218181","usgsCitation":"Yang, W., Feng, Q., Liu, Y., Tabor, N., Miggins, D., Crowley, J., Lin, J., and Thomas, S., 2010, Depositional environments and cyclo- and chronostratigraphy of uppermost Carboniferous-Lower Triassic -lacustrine deposits, southern Bogda Mountains, NW China - A terrestrfluvialial paleoclimatic record of mid-latitude NE Pangea: Global and Planetary Change, v. 73, no. 1-2, p. 15-113, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2010.03.008.","startPage":"15","endPage":"113","numberOfPages":"99","ipdsId":"IP-019060","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217410,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2010.03.008"},{"id":245356,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059febee4b0c8380cd4eed4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yang, W.","contributorId":17449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Feng, Q.","contributorId":15081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feng","given":"Q.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liu, Yajing","contributorId":16553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Yajing","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tabor, N.","contributorId":54478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tabor","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miggins, D.","contributorId":34397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miggins","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Crowley, J.L.","contributorId":70663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crowley","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lin, J.","contributorId":33065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Thomas, S.","contributorId":69430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70037384,"text":"70037384 - 2010 - Impact craters on Titan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:08","indexId":"70037384","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impact craters on Titan","docAbstract":"Five certain impact craters and 44 additional nearly certain and probable ones have been identified on the 22% of Titan's surface imaged by Cassini's high-resolution radar through December 2007. The certain craters have morphologies similar to impact craters on rocky planets, as well as two with radar bright, jagged rims. The less certain craters often appear to be eroded versions of the certain ones. Titan's craters are modified by a variety of processes including fluvial erosion, mass wasting, burial by dunes and submergence in seas, but there is no compelling evidence of isostatic adjustments as on other icy moons, nor draping by thick atmospheric deposits. The paucity of craters implies that Titan's surface is quite young, but the modeled age depends on which published crater production rate is assumed. Using the model of Artemieva and Lunine (2005) suggests that craters with diameters smaller than about 35 km are younger than 200 million years old, and larger craters are older. Craters are not distributed uniformly; Xanadu has a crater density 2-9 times greater than the rest of Titan, and the density on equatorial dune areas is much lower than average. There is a small excess of craters on the leading hemisphere, and craters are deficient in the north polar region compared to the rest of the world. The youthful age of Titan overall, and the various erosional states of its likely impact craters, demonstrate that dynamic processes have destroyed most of the early history of the moon, and that multiple processes continue to strongly modify its surface. The existence of 24 possible impact craters with diameters less than 20 km appears consistent with the Ivanov, Basilevsky and Neukum (1997) model of the effectiveness of Titan's atmosphere in destroying most but not all small projectiles. ?? 2009 Elsevier Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2009.08.021","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Wood, C.A., Lorenz, R., Kirk, R., Lopes, R., Mitchell, K., and Stofan, E., 2010, Impact craters on Titan: Icarus, v. 206, no. 1, p. 334-344, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2009.08.021.","startPage":"334","endPage":"344","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217350,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2009.08.021"},{"id":245294,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"206","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a38abe4b0c8380cd61650","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, C. A.","contributorId":35057,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lorenz, R.","contributorId":49503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenz","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirk, R.","contributorId":66829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lopes, R.","contributorId":61554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopes","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mitchell, Ken","contributorId":8211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Ken","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stofan, E.","contributorId":99268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stofan","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70033975,"text":"70033975 - 2010 - Plant community, primary productivity, and environmental conditions following wetland re-establishment in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-26T09:55:49","indexId":"70033975","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3751,"text":"Wetlands Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Plant community, primary productivity, and environmental conditions following wetland re-establishment in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California","docAbstract":"Wetland restoration can mitigate aerobic decomposition of subsided organic soils, as well as re-establish conditions favorable for carbon storage. Rates of carbon storage result from the balance of inputs and losses, both of which are affected by wetland hydrology. We followed the effect of water depth (25 and 55 cm) on the plant community, primary production, and changes in two re-established wetlands in the Sacramento San-Joaquin River Delta, California for 9 years after flooding to determine how relatively small differences in water depth affect carbon storage rates over time. To estimate annual carbon inputs, plant species cover, standing above- and below-ground plant biomass, and annual biomass turnover rates were measured, and allometric biomass models for Schoenoplectus (Scirpus) acutus and Typha spp., the emergent marsh dominants, were developed. As the wetlands developed, environmental factors, including water temperature, depth, and pH were measured. Emergent marsh vegetation colonized the shallow wetland more rapidly than the deeper wetland. This is important to potential carbon storage because emergent marsh vegetation is more productive, and less labile, than submerged and floating vegetation. Primary production of emergent marsh vegetation ranged from 1.3 to 3.2 kg of carbon per square meter annually; and, mid-season standing live biomass represented about half of the annual primary production. Changes in species composition occurred in both submerged and emergent plant communities as the wetlands matured. Water depth, temperature, and pH were lower in areas with emergent marsh vegetation compared to submerged vegetation, all of which, in turn, can affect carbon cycling and storage rates. ?? Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11273-009-9143-9","issn":"09234861","usgsCitation":"Miller, R.L., and Fujii, R., 2010, Plant community, primary productivity, and environmental conditions following wetland re-establishment in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California: Wetlands Ecology and Management, v. 18, no. 1, p. 1-16, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-009-9143-9.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244827,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216925,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11273-009-9143-9"}],"volume":"18","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7befe4b0c8380cd796e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, R. L.","contributorId":54178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fujii, R.","contributorId":32278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fujii","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70033977,"text":"70033977 - 2010 - Long-term variability in Northern Hemisphere snow cover and associations with warmer winters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:47","indexId":"70033977","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1252,"text":"Climatic Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term variability in Northern Hemisphere snow cover and associations with warmer winters","docAbstract":"A monthly snow accumulation and melt model is used with gridded monthly temperature and precipitation data for the Northern Hemisphere to generate time series of March snow-covered area (SCA) for the period 1905 through 2002. The time series of estimated SCA for March is verified by comparison with previously published time series of SCA for the Northern Hemisphere. The time series of estimated Northern Hemisphere March SCA shows a substantial decrease since about 1970, and this decrease corresponds to an increase in mean winter Northern Hemisphere temperature. The increase in winter temperature has caused a decrease in the fraction of precipitation that occurs as snow and an increase in snowmelt for some parts of the Northern Hemisphere, particularly the mid-latitudes, thus reducing snow packs and March SCA. In addition, the increase in winter temperature and the decreases in SCA appear to be associated with a contraction of the circumpolar vortex and a poleward movement of storm tracks, resulting in decreased precipitation (and snow) in the low- to mid-latitudes and an increase in precipitation (and snow) in high latitudes. If Northern Hemisphere winter temperatures continue to warm as they have since the 1970s, then March SCA will likely continue to decrease. ?? 2009 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Climatic Change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10584-009-9675-2","issn":"01650009","usgsCitation":"McCabe, G., and Wolock, D., 2010, Long-term variability in Northern Hemisphere snow cover and associations with warmer winters: Climatic Change, v. 99, no. 1, p. 141-153, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-009-9675-2.","startPage":"141","endPage":"153","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244859,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216957,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-009-9675-2"}],"volume":"99","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a49afe4b0c8380cd687f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCabe, G.J. 0000-0002-9258-2997","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-2997","contributorId":12961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"G.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolock, D.M. 0000-0002-6209-938X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-938X","contributorId":36601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"D.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70046693,"text":"dds49101 - 2010 - Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: Artificial Drainage (1992) and Irrigation (1997)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-25T16:05:21","indexId":"dds49101","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"491-01","title":"Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: Artificial Drainage (1992) and Irrigation (1997)","docAbstract":"This tabular data set represents the estimated area of artifical drainage for the year 1992 and irrigation types for the year 1997 compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of Major River Basins (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The source data sets were derived from tabular National Resource Inventory (NRI) data sets created by the National Resources Conservation Service (NRCS, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1995, 2000). Artificial drainage is defined as subsurface drains and ditches. Irrigation types are defined as gravity and pressure. Subsurface drains are described as conduits, such as corrugated plastic tubing, tile, or pipe, installed beneath the ground surface to collect and/or convey drainage. Surface drainage field ditches are described as graded ditches for collecting excess water. Gravity irrigation source is described as irrigation delivered to the farm and/or field by canals or pipelines open to the atmosphere; and water is distributed by the force of gravity down the field by: (1) A surface irrigation system (border, basin, furrow, corrugation, wild flooding, etc.) or (2) Sub-surface irrigation pipelines or ditches. Pressure irrigation source is described as irrigation delivered to the farm and/or field in pump or elevation-induced pressure pipelines, and water is distributed across the field by: (1) Sprinkle irrigation (center pivot, linear move, traveling gun, side roll, hand move, big gun, or fixed set sprinklers), or (2) Micro irrigation (drip emitters, continuous tube bubblers, micro spray or micro sprinklers). NRI data do not include Federal lands and are thus excluded from this dataset. The tabular data for drainage were spatially apportioned to the National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD, Kerie Hitt, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 2005) and the tabular data for irrigation were spatially apportioned to an enhanced version of the National Land Cover Dataset (NLCDe, Nakagaki and others, 2007). The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the Rio Grande, Colorado, and the Great basin (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river basins, and California (MRB8).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/dds49101","usgsCitation":"Wieczorek, M., and LaMotte, A.E., 2010, Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: Artificial Drainage (1992) and Irrigation (1997): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 491-01, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/dds49101.","productDescription":"Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":274189,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274186,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/mrb_e2rf1_adrain.xml"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -127.910792,23.243486 ], [ -127.910792,51.657387 ], [ -65.327751,51.657387 ], [ -65.327751,23.243486 ], [ -127.910792,23.243486 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51cabbdfe4b0d298e5434c24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wieczorek, Michael mewieczo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieczorek","given":"Michael","email":"mewieczo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":480024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LaMotte, Andrew E. 0000-0002-1434-6518 alamotte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1434-6518","contributorId":2842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaMotte","given":"Andrew","email":"alamotte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70034226,"text":"70034226 - 2010 - Polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, furans, and organochlorine pesticides in spotted sandpiper eggs from the upper Hudson River basin, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-20T10:53:00","indexId":"70034226","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, furans, and organochlorine pesticides in spotted sandpiper eggs from the upper Hudson River basin, New York","docAbstract":"In 2004, spotted sandpipers (Actitis macularia) were studied on the Hudson River near Fort Edward south to New Baltimore, NY and on two river drainages that flow into the Hudson River. Concentrations of 28 organochlorine pesticides, 160 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners, and 17 dioxin and furan (PCDD-F) congeners were quantified in eggs collected on and off the Hudson River. The pattern of organochlorine pesticides and PCDD-F congeners did not differ significantly between eggs collected on and off the Hudson River. In contrast, the pattern of PCB congeners differed significantly between the Hudson River and other rivers. Total PCBs were significantly greater in eggs from the Hudson River (geometric mean = 9.1 μg PCBs/g wet weight) than from the other two rivers (0.6 and 0.6 μg PCBs/g wet weight). Seven of 35 (20%) eggs exceeded 20 μg PCBs/g wet weight, the estimated threshold for reduced hatching in tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) and some raptor species; the maximum concentration was 72.3 μg PCBs/g wet weight. Models that predicted nest survival and egg success (the proportion of eggs hatching in a clutch if at least one egg hatched) as functions of contaminant levels were poorly distinguished from models that presumed no such associations. While small sample size could have contributed to the inability to distinguish among contaminant and no toxicant models, we cannot rule out the possibility that contaminant concentrations on the Hudson River were not sufficiently high to demonstrate a relationship between contaminant concentrations and reproductive success.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecotoxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10646-009-0425-z","issn":"09639292","usgsCitation":"Custer, T.W., Custer, C.M., and Gray, B.R., 2010, Polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, furans, and organochlorine pesticides in spotted sandpiper eggs from the upper Hudson River basin, New York: Ecotoxicology, v. 19, no. 2, p. 391-404, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-009-0425-z.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"391","endPage":"404","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244648,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216761,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10646-009-0425-z"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Hudson River","volume":"19","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7cf5e4b0c8380cd79c87","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Custer, Thomas W. 0000-0003-3170-6519 tcuster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-6519","contributorId":2835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"Thomas","email":"tcuster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":444706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Custer, Christine M. 0000-0003-0500-1582 ccuster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-1582","contributorId":1143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"Christine","email":"ccuster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":444705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gray, Brian R. 0000-0001-7682-9550 brgray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7682-9550","contributorId":2615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Brian","email":"brgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":444704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70046697,"text":"dds49104 - 2010 - Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: Base-Flow Index, 2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-25T16:07:07","indexId":"dds49104","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"491-04","title":"Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: Base-Flow Index, 2002","docAbstract":"This tabular data set represents the mean base-flow index expressed as a percent, compiled for every catchment of MRB_E2RF1 catchments of Major River Basins (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). Base flow is the component of streamflow that can be attributed to ground-water discharge into streams. The source data set is Base-Flow Index for the Conterminous United States (Wolock, 2003). The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every catchment of MRB_E2RF1 catchments for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the Rio Grande, Colorado, and the Great basin (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river basins, and California (MRB8).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/dds49104","usgsCitation":"Wieczorek, M., and LaMotte, A.E., 2010, Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: Base-Flow Index, 2002: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 491-04, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/dds49104.","productDescription":"Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":274228,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274227,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/mrb_e2rf1_bfi.xml"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -127.910792,23.243486 ], [ -127.910792,51.657387 ], [ -65.327751,51.657387 ], [ -65.327751,23.243486 ], [ -127.910792,23.243486 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51cabbe0e4b0d298e5434c2c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wieczorek, Michael mewieczo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieczorek","given":"Michael","email":"mewieczo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":480034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LaMotte, Andrew E. 0000-0002-1434-6518 alamotte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1434-6518","contributorId":2842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaMotte","given":"Andrew","email":"alamotte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037195,"text":"70037195 - 2010 - Spectral assessment of new ASTER SWIR surface reflectance data products for spectroscopic mapping of rocks and minerals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037195","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spectral assessment of new ASTER SWIR surface reflectance data products for spectroscopic mapping of rocks and minerals","docAbstract":"ASTER reflectance spectra from Cuprite, Nevada, and Mountain Pass, California, were compared to spectra of field samples and to ASTER-resampled AVIRIS reflectance data to determine spectral accuracy and spectroscopic mapping potential of two new ASTER SWIR reflectance datasets: RefL1b and AST_07XT. RefL1b is a new reflectance dataset produced for this study using ASTER Level 1B data, crosstalk correction, radiance correction factors, and concurrently acquired level 2 MODIS water vapor data. The AST_07XT data product, available from EDC and ERSDAC, incorporates crosstalk correction and non-concurrently acquired MODIS water vapor data for atmospheric correction. Spectral accuracy was determined using difference values which were compiled from ASTER band 5/6 and 9/8 ratios of AST_07XT or RefL1b data subtracted from similar ratios calculated for field sample and AVIRIS reflectance data. In addition, Spectral Analyst, a statistical program that utilizes a Spectral Feature Fitting algorithm, was used to quantitatively assess spectral accuracy of AST_07XT and RefL1b data.Spectral Analyst matched more minerals correctly and had higher scores for the RefL1b data than for AST_07XT data. The radiance correction factors used in the RefL1b data corrected a low band 5 reflectance anomaly observed in the AST_07XT and AST_07 data but also produced anomalously high band 5 reflectance in RefL1b spectra with strong band 5 absorption for minerals, such as alunite. Thus, the band 5 anomaly seen in the RefL1b data cannot be corrected using additional gain adjustments. In addition, the use of concurrent MODIS water vapor data in the atmospheric correction of the RefL1b data produced datasets that had lower band 9 reflectance anomalies than the AST_07XT data. Although assessment of spectral data suggests that RefL1b data are more consistent and spectrally more correct than AST_07XT data, the Spectral Analyst results indicate that spectral discrimination between some minerals, such as alunite and kaolinite, are still not possible unless additional spectral calibration using site specific spectral data are performed. ?? 2010.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote Sensing of Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2010.04.008","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Mars, J., and Rowan, L.C., 2010, Spectral assessment of new ASTER SWIR surface reflectance data products for spectroscopic mapping of rocks and minerals: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 114, no. 9, p. 2011-2025, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.04.008.","startPage":"2011","endPage":"2025","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245312,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217368,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.04.008"}],"volume":"114","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9537e4b08c986b31ade3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mars, J.C.","contributorId":74833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mars","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rowan, L. C.","contributorId":40584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowan","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037200,"text":"70037200 - 2010 - Structural analysis of three extensional detachment faults with data from the 2000 Space-Shuttle Radar Topography Mission","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037200","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1728,"text":"GSA Today","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structural analysis of three extensional detachment faults with data from the 2000 Space-Shuttle Radar Topography Mission","docAbstract":"The Space-Shuttle Radar Topography Mission provided geologists with a detailed digital elevation model of most of Earth's land surface. This new database is used here for structural analysis of grooved surfaces interpreted to be the exhumed footwalls of three active or recently active extensional detachment faults. Exhumed fault footwalls, each with an areal extent of one hundred to several hundred square kilometers, make up much of Dayman dome in eastern Papua New Guinea, the western Gurla Mandhata massif in the central Himalaya, and the northern Tokorondo Mountains in central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Footwall curvature in profile varies from planar to slightly convex upward at Gurla Mandhata to strongly convex upward at northwestern Dayman dome. Fault curvature decreases away from the trace of the bounding detachment fault in western Dayman dome and in the Tokorondo massif, suggesting footwall flattening (reduction in curvature) following exhumation. Grooves of highly variable wavelength and amplitude reveal extension direction, although structural processes of groove genesis may be diverse.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"GSA Today","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/GSATG59A.1","issn":"10525173","usgsCitation":"Spencer, J., 2010, Structural analysis of three extensional detachment faults with data from the 2000 Space-Shuttle Radar Topography Mission: GSA Today, v. 20, no. 8, p. 4-10, https://doi.org/10.1130/GSATG59A.1.","startPage":"4","endPage":"10","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245375,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217428,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/GSATG59A.1"}],"volume":"20","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9bc2e4b08c986b31d089","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spencer, J.E.","contributorId":91542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spencer","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70035550,"text":"70035550 - 2010 - Ensemble habitat mapping of invasive plant species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:48","indexId":"70035550","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3300,"text":"Risk Analysis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ensemble habitat mapping of invasive plant species","docAbstract":"Ensemble species distribution models combine the strengths of several species environmental matching models, while minimizing the weakness of any one model. Ensemble models may be particularly useful in risk analysis of recently arrived, harmful invasive species because species may not yet have spread to all suitable habitats, leaving species-environment relationships difficult to determine. We tested five individual models (logistic regression, boosted regression trees, random forest, multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS), and maximum entropy model or Maxent) and ensemble modeling for selected nonnative plant species in Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks, Wyoming; Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, California, and areas of interior Alaska. The models are based on field data provided by the park staffs, combined with topographic, climatic, and vegetation predictors derived from satellite data. For the four invasive plant species tested, ensemble models were the only models that ranked in the top three models for both field validation and test data. Ensemble models may be more robust than individual species-environment matching models for risk analysis. ?? 2010 Society for Risk Analysis.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Risk Analysis","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01343.x","issn":"02724332","usgsCitation":"Stohlgren, T., Ma, P., Kumar, S., Rocca, M., Morisette, J., Jarnevich, C., and Benson, N., 2010, Ensemble habitat mapping of invasive plant species: Risk Analysis, v. 30, no. 2, p. 224-235, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01343.x.","startPage":"224","endPage":"235","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475842,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01343.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":216505,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01343.x"},{"id":244382,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a097ee4b0c8380cd51f3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stohlgren, T.J.","contributorId":7217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ma, P.","contributorId":53194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ma","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kumar, S.","contributorId":89843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kumar","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rocca, M.","contributorId":95300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocca","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Morisette, J.T.","contributorId":57029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morisette","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jarnevich, C. 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S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Benson, N.","contributorId":38238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70037383,"text":"70037383 - 2010 - Metrics of ecosystem status for large aquatic systems: a global comparison","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-31T13:55:19","indexId":"70037383","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metrics of ecosystem status for large aquatic systems: a global comparison","docAbstract":"We identified an objective set of 25 commonly available ecosystem metrics applicable across the world's large continental freshwater and brackish aquatic ecosystem. These metrics measure trophic structure, exploited species, habitat alteration, and catchment changes. We used long-term trends in these metrics as indicators of perturbations that represent an ecosystem not in homeostasis. We defined a healthy ecosystem as being in a homeostatic state; therefore, ecosystems with many changing trends were defined as more disturbed than ecosystems with fewer changing trends. Healthy ecosystems (lakes Baikal, Superior, and Tanganyika) were large, deep lakes in relatively unpopulated areas with no signs of eutrophication and no changes to their trophic structure. Disturbed ecosystems (lakes Michigan, Ontario, and Victoria) had shallow to moderately deep basins with high watershed population pressure and intense agricultural and residential land use. Transitioning systems had widely varying trends and faced increasing anthropogenic pressures. Standardized methodologies for capturing data could improve our understanding of the current state of these ecosystems and allow for comparisons of the response of large aquatic ecosystems to local and global stressors thereby providing more reliable insights into future changes in ecosystem health.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","publisherLocation":"Ann Arbor, MI","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2009.11.003","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Dobiesz, N., Hecky, R., Johnson, T., Sarvala, J., Dettmers, J., Lehtiniemi, M., Rudstam, L.G., Madenjian, C., and Witte, F., 2010, Metrics of ecosystem status for large aquatic systems: a global comparison: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 36, no. 1, p. 123-138, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2009.11.003.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"123","endPage":"138","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217349,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2009.11.003"},{"id":245293,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -180.0,-90.0 ], [ -180.0,90.0 ], [ 180.0,90.0 ], [ 180.0,-90.0 ], [ -180.0,-90.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"36","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5623e4b0c8380cd6d38b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dobiesz, N.E.","contributorId":95723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dobiesz","given":"N.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hecky, R.E.","contributorId":94528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hecky","given":"R.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, T.B.","contributorId":21490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"T.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sarvala, J.","contributorId":37179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sarvala","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dettmers, J.M.","contributorId":39724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettmers","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lehtiniemi, M.","contributorId":33148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lehtiniemi","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rudstam, L. G.","contributorId":24720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rudstam","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Madenjian, C.P.","contributorId":64175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"C.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Witte, F.","contributorId":102717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witte","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70037223,"text":"70037223 - 2010 - Localized surface disruptions observed by InSAR during strong earthquakes in Java and Hawai'i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-30T10:00:30","indexId":"70037223","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Localized surface disruptions observed by InSAR during strong earthquakes in Java and Hawai'i","docAbstract":"Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar data spanning strong earthquakes on the islands of Java and Hawai‘i in 2006 reveal patches of subsidence and incoherence indicative of localized ground failure. Interferograms spanning the 26 May 2006 Java earthquake suggest an area of about 7.5 km2 of subsidence (~2 cm) and incoherence south of the city of Yogyakarta that correlates with significant damage to housing, high modeled peak ground accelerations, and poorly consolidated geologic deposits. The subsidence and incoherence is inferred to be a result of intense shaking and/or damage. At least five subsidence patches on the west side of the Island of Hawai‘i, ranging 0.3–2.2 km2 in area and 3–8 cm in magnitude, occurred as a result of a pair of strong earthquakes on 15 October 2006. Although no felt reports or seismic data are available from the areas in Hawai‘i, the Java example suggests that the subsidence patches indicate areas of amplified earthquake shaking. Surprisingly, all subsidence areas in Hawai‘i were limited to recent, and supposedly stable, lava flows and may reflect geological conditions not detectable at the surface. In addition, two ‘a‘ā lava flows in Hawai‘i were partially incoherent in interferograms spanning the earthquakes, indicating surface disruption as a result of the earthquake shaking. Coearthquake incoherence of rubbly deposits, like ‘a‘ā flows, should be explored as a potential indicator of earthquake intensity and past strong seismic activity.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120090175","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Poland, M.P., 2010, Localized surface disruptions observed by InSAR during strong earthquakes in Java and Hawai'i: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 100, no. 2, p. 532-540, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120090175.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"532","endPage":"540","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217284,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120090175"},{"id":245219,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"100","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a48f6e4b0c8380cd68270","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":146118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70037228,"text":"70037228 - 2010 - Dramatic beach and nearshore morphological changes due to extreme flooding at a wave-dominated river mouth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-02T14:42:27","indexId":"70037228","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dramatic beach and nearshore morphological changes due to extreme flooding at a wave-dominated river mouth","docAbstract":"Record flooding on the Santa Clara River of California (USA) during January 2005 injected ∼ 5 million m3 of littoral-grade sediment into the Santa Barbara Littoral Cell, approximately an order of magnitude more than both the average annual river loads and the average annual alongshore littoral transport in this portion of the cell. This event appears to be the largest sediment transport event on record for a Southern California river. Over 170 m of local shoreline (mean high water (MHW)) progradation was observed as a result of the flood, followed by 3 years of rapid local shoreline recession. During this post-flood stage, linear regression-determined shoreline change rates are up to −45 m a− 1 on the subaerial beach (MHW) and − 114 m a− 1 on the submarine delta (6 m isobath). Starting approximately 1 km downdrift of the river mouth, shoreline progradation persisted throughout the 3-year post-flood monitoring period, with rates up to + 19 m a− 1. Post-flood bathymetric surveys show nearshore (0 to 12 m depth) erosion on the delta exceeding 400 m3/m a− 1, more than an order of magnitude higher than mean seasonal cross-shore sediment transport rates in the region. Changes were not constant with depth, however; sediment accumulation and subsequent erosion on the delta were greatest at − 5 to − 8 m, and accretion in downdrift areas was greatest above –2 m. Thus, this research shows that the topographic bulge (or “wave”) of sediment exhibited both advective and diffusive changes with time, although there were significant variations in the rates of change with depth. The advection and diffusion of the shoreline position was adequately reproduced with a simple “one line” model, although these modeling techniques miss the important cross-shore variations observed in this area. This study illustrates the importance of understanding low-frequency, high volume coastal discharge events for understanding short- and long-term sediment supply, littoral transport, and beach and nearshore evolution in coastal systems adjacent to river mouths.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2010.01.018","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Barnard, P., and Warrick, J., 2010, Dramatic beach and nearshore morphological changes due to extreme flooding at a wave-dominated river mouth: Marine Geology, v. 271, no. 1-2, p. 131-148, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2010.01.018.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"131","endPage":"148","costCenters":[{"id":528,"text":"Pacific Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217369,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2010.01.018"},{"id":245314,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"271","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a03d4e4b0c8380cd50684","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnard, P.L.","contributorId":20527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"P.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warrick, J.A.","contributorId":53503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037229,"text":"70037229 - 2010 - Hierarchical spatial models for predicting pygmy rabbit distribution and relative abundance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037229","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hierarchical spatial models for predicting pygmy rabbit distribution and relative abundance","docAbstract":"Conservationists routinely use species distribution models to plan conservation, restoration and development actions, while ecologists use them to infer process from pattern. These models tend to work well for common or easily observable species, but are of limited utility for rare and cryptic species. This may be because honest accounting of known observation bias and spatial autocorrelation are rarely included, thereby limiting statistical inference of resulting distribution maps. We specified and implemented a spatially explicit Bayesian hierarchical model for a cryptic mammal species (pygmy rabbit Brachylagus idahoensis). Our approach used two levels of indirect sign that are naturally hierarchical (burrows and faecal pellets) to build a model that allows for inference on regression coefficients as well as spatially explicit model parameters. We also produced maps of rabbit distribution (occupied burrows) and relative abundance (number of burrows expected to be occupied by pygmy rabbits). The model demonstrated statistically rigorous spatial prediction by including spatial autocorrelation and measurement uncertainty. We demonstrated flexibility of our modelling framework by depicting probabilistic distribution predictions using different assumptions of pygmy rabbit habitat requirements. Spatial representations of the variance of posterior predictive distributions were obtained to evaluate heterogeneity in model fit across the spatial domain. Leave-one-out cross-validation was conducted to evaluate the overall model fit. Synthesis and applications. Our method draws on the strengths of previous work, thereby bridging and extending two active areas of ecological research: species distribution models and multi-state occupancy modelling. Our framework can be extended to encompass both larger extents and other species for which direct estimation of abundance is difficult. ?? 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation ?? 2010 British Ecological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2664.2009.01766.x","issn":"00218901","usgsCitation":"Wilson, T., Odei, J., Hooten, M., and Edwards, T., 2010, Hierarchical spatial models for predicting pygmy rabbit distribution and relative abundance: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 47, no. 2, p. 401-409, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2009.01766.x.","startPage":"401","endPage":"409","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217370,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2009.01766.x"},{"id":245315,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a30a3e4b0c8380cd5d801","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, T.L.","contributorId":78561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Odei, J.B.","contributorId":91339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Odei","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hooten, M.B.","contributorId":50261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooten","given":"M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Edwards, T.C. Jr. 0000-0002-0773-0909","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-0909","contributorId":76486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"T.C.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70037232,"text":"70037232 - 2010 - Radar image and data fusion for natural hazards characterisation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-05T16:38:44","indexId":"70037232","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2052,"text":"International Journal of Image and Data Fusion","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radar image and data fusion for natural hazards characterisation","docAbstract":"Fusion of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images through interferometric, polarimetric and tomographic processing provides an all - weather imaging capability to characterise and monitor various natural hazards. This article outlines interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) processing and products and their utility for natural hazards characterisation, provides an overview of the techniques and applications related to fusion of SAR/InSAR images with optical and other images and highlights the emerging SAR fusion technologies. In addition to providing precise land - surface digital elevation maps, SAR - derived imaging products can map millimetre - scale elevation changes driven by volcanic, seismic and hydrogeologic processes, by landslides and wildfires and other natural hazards. With products derived from the fusion of SAR and other images, scientists can monitor the progress of flooding, estimate water storage changes in wetlands for improved hydrological modelling predictions and assessments of future flood impacts and map vegetation structure on a global scale and monitor its changes due to such processes as fire, volcanic eruption and deforestation. With the availability of SAR images in near real - time from multiple satellites in the near future, the fusion of SAR images with other images and data is playing an increasingly important role in understanding and forecasting natural hazards.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/19479832.2010.499219","issn":"19479832","usgsCitation":"Lu, Z., Dzurisin, D., Jung, H., Zhang, J., and Zhang, Y., 2010, Radar image and data fusion for natural hazards characterisation: International Journal of Image and Data Fusion, v. 1, no. 3, p. 217-242, https://doi.org/10.1080/19479832.2010.499219.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"217","endPage":"242","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245376,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217429,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19479832.2010.499219"}],"volume":"1","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9383e4b0c8380cd80e78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lu, Zhong 0000-0001-9181-1818 lu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-1818","contributorId":901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Zhong","email":"lu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":459988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dzurisin, Daniel 0000-0002-0138-5067 dzurisin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0138-5067","contributorId":538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dzurisin","given":"Daniel","email":"dzurisin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jung, Hyung-Sup","contributorId":58382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jung","given":"Hyung-Sup","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zhang, Jixian","contributorId":36396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Jixian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zhang, Yonghong","contributorId":82563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Yonghong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036482,"text":"70036482 - 2010 - Radiocarbon dating of small terrestrial gastropod shells in North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:03","indexId":"70036482","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3216,"text":"Quaternary Geochronology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radiocarbon dating of small terrestrial gastropod shells in North America","docAbstract":"Fossil shells of small terrestrial gastropods are commonly preserved in wetland, alluvial, loess, and glacial deposits, as well as in sediments at many archeological sites. These shells are composed largely of aragonite (CaCO3) and potentially could be used for radiocarbon dating, but they must meet two criteria before their 14C ages can be considered to be reliable: (1) when gastropods are alive, the 14C activity of their shells must be in equilibrium with the 14C activity of the atmosphere, and (2) after burial, their shells must behave as closed systems with respect to carbon. To evaluate the first criterion, we conducted a comprehensive examination of the 14C content of the most common small terrestrial gastropods in North America, including 247 AMS measurements of modern shell material (3749 individual shells) from 46 different species. The modern gastropods that we analyzed were all collected from habitats on carbonate terrain and, therefore, the data presented here represent worst-case scenarios. In sum, ~78% of the shell aliquots that we analyzed did not contain dead carbon from limestone or other carbonate rocks even though it was readily available at all sites, 12% of the aliquots contained between 5 and 10% dead carbon, and a few (3% of the total) contained more than 10%. These results are significantly lower than the 20-30% dead carbon that has been reported previously for larger taxa living in carbonate terrain. For the second criterion, we report a case study from the American Midwest in which we analyzed fossil shells of small terrestrial gastropods (7 taxa; 18 AMS measurements; 173 individual shells) recovered from late-Pleistocene sediments. The fossil shells yielded 14C ages that were statistically indistinguishable from 14C ages of well-preserved plant macrofossils from the same stratum. Although just one site, these results suggest that small terrestrial gastropod shells may behave as closed systems with respect to carbon over geologic timescales. More work on this subject is needed, but if our case study site is representative of other sites, then fossil shells of some small terrestrial gastropods, including at least five common genera, Catinella, Columella, Discus, Gastrocopta, and Succinea, should yield reliable 14C ages, regardless of the local geologic substrate. ?? 2010.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Geochronology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.quageo.2010.01.001","issn":"18711014","usgsCitation":"Pigati, J., Rech, J., and Nekola, J., 2010, Radiocarbon dating of small terrestrial gastropod shells in North America: Quaternary Geochronology, v. 5, no. 5, p. 519-532, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2010.01.001.","startPage":"519","endPage":"532","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246289,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218290,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2010.01.001"}],"volume":"5","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a93e1e4b0c8380cd810a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pigati, J.S.","contributorId":80486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pigati","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rech, J.A.","contributorId":79659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rech","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nekola, J.C.","contributorId":83776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nekola","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70034006,"text":"70034006 - 2010 - Geochemistry of trace elements in coals from the Zhuji Mine, Huainan Coalfield, Anhui, China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:47","indexId":"70034006","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of trace elements in coals from the Zhuji Mine, Huainan Coalfield, Anhui, China","docAbstract":"The abundances of nine major elements and thirty-eight trace elements in 520 samples of low sulfur coals from the Zhuji Mine, Huainan Coalfield, Anhui, China, were determined. Samples were mainly collected from 10 minable coal seams of 29 boreholes during exploration. The B content in coals shows that the influence of brackish water decreased toward the top of coal seams; marine transgression and regression occurred frequently in the Lower Shihezi Formation. A wide range of elemental abundances is found. Weighted means of Na, K, Fe, P, Be, B, Co, Ni, Cr, Se, Sb, Ba, and Bi abundances in Zhuji coals are higher, and the remainder elements are either lower or equal to the average values of elements in coals of northern China. Compared to the Chinese coals, the Zhuji coals are higher in Na, K, Be, B, Cr, Co, Se, Sn, Sb, and Bi, but lower in Ti, P, Li, V and Zn. The Zhuji coals are lower only in S, P, V and Zn than average U.S. and world coals. Potassium, Mg, Ca, Mn, Sr, As, Se, Sb and light rare earth elements (LREE) had a tendency to be enriched in thicker coal seams, whereas Fe, Ti, P, V, Co, Ni, Y, Mo, Pb and heavy rare earth elements (HREE) were inclined to concentrate in thinner coal seams. The enrichment of some elements in the Shanxi or Upper Shihezi Formations is related to their depositional environments. The elements are classified into three groups based on their stratigraphic distributions from coal seams 3 to 11-2, and the characteristics of each group are discussed. Lateral distributions of selected elements are also investigated. The correlation coefficients of elemental abundances with ash content show that the elements may be classified into four groups related to modes of occurrence of these elements. ?? 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Coal Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2009.12.001","issn":"01665162","usgsCitation":"Sun, R., Liu, G., Zheng, L., and Chou, C.L., 2010, Geochemistry of trace elements in coals from the Zhuji Mine, Huainan Coalfield, Anhui, China: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 81, no. 2, p. 81-96, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2009.12.001.","startPage":"81","endPage":"96","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216928,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2009.12.001"},{"id":244830,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"81","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1725e4b0c8380cd553d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sun, R.","contributorId":10137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sun","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, Gaisheng","contributorId":15158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Gaisheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zheng, Lingyun","contributorId":68495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zheng","given":"Lingyun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chou, C. L.","contributorId":32655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chou","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70033831,"text":"70033831 - 2010 - Housing growth in and near United States protected areas limits their conservation value","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:31","indexId":"70033831","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Housing growth in and near United States protected areas limits their conservation value","docAbstract":"Protected areas are crucial for biodiversity conservation because they provide safe havens for species threatened by land-use change and resulting habitat loss. However, protected areas are only effective when they stop habitat loss within their boundaries, and are connected via corridors to other wild areas. The effectiveness of protected areas is threatened by development; however, the extent of this threat is unknown. We compiled spatially-detailed housing growth data from 1940 to 2030, and quantified growth for each wilderness area, national park, and national forest in the conterminous United States. Our findings show that housing development in the United States may severely limit the ability of protected areas to function as a modern \"Noah's Ark.\" Between 1940 and 2000, 28 million housing units were built within 50 km of protected areas, and 940,000 were built within national forests. Housing growth rates during the 1990s within 1 km of protected areas (20% per decade) outpaced the national average (13%). If long-term trends continue, another 17 million housing units will be built within 50 km of protected areas by 2030 (1 million within 1 km), greatly diminishing their conservation value. US protected areas are increasingly isolated, housing development in their surroundings is decreasing their effective size, and national forests are even threatened by habitat loss within their administrative boundaries. Protected areas in the United States are thus threatened similarly to those in developing countries. However, housing growth poses the main threat to protected areas in the United States whereas deforestation is the main threat in developing countries.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1073/pnas.0911131107","issn":"00278424","usgsCitation":"Radeloff, V.C., Stewart, S.I., Hawbaker, T., Gimmi, U., Pidgeon, A., Flather, C., Hammer, R.B., and Helmers, D., 2010, Housing growth in and near United States protected areas limits their conservation value: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 107, no. 2, p. 940-945, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0911131107.","startPage":"940","endPage":"945","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487749,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2818924","text":"External Repository"},{"id":214320,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0911131107"},{"id":242037,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"107","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3240e4b0c8380cd5e651","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Radeloff, V. C.","contributorId":58467,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Radeloff","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stewart, S. I.","contributorId":99779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hawbaker, T. J.","contributorId":98118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawbaker","given":"T. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gimmi, U.","contributorId":57675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gimmi","given":"U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pidgeon, A.M.","contributorId":77372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pidgeon","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Flather, C.H.","contributorId":73161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flather","given":"C.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hammer, R. B.","contributorId":77744,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hammer","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Helmers, D.P.","contributorId":45128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helmers","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ]}