Hazard-zone delineation for extreme events is essential for floodplain management near mountain fronts in arid and semiarid regions. On 31 July 2006, unprecedented debris flows occurred in the Santa Catalina Mountains of southeastern Arizona following extreme multiday precipitation (recurrence interval > 1000 years for 4-day precipitation). Most mobilized sediment contributing to debris flows was derived from shallow-seated failures of colluvium on steep slopes. A total of 435 slope failures in the southern Santa Catalina Mountains released 1.34 million Mg of sediment into the channels of 10 drainage basins. Five drainages produced debris flows that moved to the apices of alluvial fans on the southern edge of the mountain front, damaging infrastructure and aggrading channels to reduce future flood conveyance. Using the statistically calibrated, empirical debris-flow model LAHARZ and modified model coefficients developed to better match conditions in southeastern Arizona, we predicted the approximate area of deposition and travel distance in comparison to observed depositional areas and travel distance for seven debris flows. Two of the modeled debris flows represented single slope failures that terminated downslope with no additive influence of other debris flows or streamflow flooding. Five of the simulated debris flows represented the aggregation of multiple slope failures and streamflow flooding into multiple debris-flow pulses. Because LAHARZ is a debris-flow hazard-zone delineation tool, the complexity of alternating transport and deposition zones in channels with abrupt expansions and contractions reduces the applicability of the model in some drainage basins.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2010.02.022","usgsCitation":"Magirl, C.S., Griffiths, P.G., and Webb, R., 2010, Analyzing debris flows with the statistically calibrated empirical model LAHARZ in southeastern Arizona, USA: Geomorphology, v. 119, no. 1-2, p. 111-124, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2010.02.022.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"111","endPage":"124","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-011799","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49157,"text":"Rocky Mountain Regional Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":274285,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.82,31.33 ], [ -114.82,37.0 ], [ -109.05,37.0 ], [ -109.05,31.33 ], [ -114.82,31.33 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"119","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51ceb05fe4b044272b8e8914","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Magirl, Christopher S. 0000-0002-9922-6549 magirl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9922-6549","contributorId":1822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magirl","given":"Christopher","email":"magirl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Griffiths, Peter G. 0000-0002-8663-8907 pggriffi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8663-8907","contributorId":187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffiths","given":"Peter","email":"pggriffi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":474236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Webb, Robert H. rhwebb@usgs.gov","contributorId":1573,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Webb","given":"Robert H.","email":"rhwebb@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":12625,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":474237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70043686,"text":"70043686 - 2010 - Resistance and Protective Immunity in Redfish Lake Sockeye Salmon Exposed to M Type Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHNV)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-14T13:07:32","indexId":"70043686","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2177,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Resistance and Protective Immunity in Redfish Lake Sockeye Salmon Exposed to M Type Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHNV)","docAbstract":"Differential virulence of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) isolates from the U and M phylogenetic subgroups is clearly evident in the Redfish Lake (RFL) strain of sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka. In these fish, experimental immersion challenges with U isolates cause extremely high mortality and M isolates cause low or no mortality. When survivors of M virus immersion challenges were exposed to a secondary challenge with virulent U type virus they experienced high mortality, indicating that the primary M challenge did not elicit protective immunity. Delivery of a moderate dose (2 × 104 plaque-forming units [PFU]/fish) of virus by intraperitoneal injection challenge did not overcome RFL sockeye salmon resistance to M type IHNV. Injection challenge with a high dose (5 × 106 PFU/fish) of M type virus caused 10% mortality, and in this case survivors did develop protective immunity against a secondary U type virus challenge. Thus, although it is possible for M type IHNV to elicit cross-protective immunity in this disease model, it does not develop after immersion challenge despite entry, transient replication of M virus to low levels, stimulation of innate immune genes, and development of neutralizing antibodies in some fish.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/H09-050.1","usgsCitation":"Kurath, G., Garver, K., Purcell, M., and LaPatra, S.E., 2010, Resistance and Protective Immunity in Redfish Lake Sockeye Salmon Exposed to M Type Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHNV): Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, v. 22, no. 2, p. 129-139, https://doi.org/10.1577/H09-050.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"129","endPage":"139","numberOfPages":"11","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-014312","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272248,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272245,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/H09-050.1"}],"volume":"22","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd70a4e4b0b29085107273","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X gkurath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":2629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","email":"gkurath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garver, Kyle","contributorId":82598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garver","given":"Kyle","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Purcell, Maureen K. mpurcell@usgs.gov","contributorId":3061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Purcell","given":"Maureen K.","email":"mpurcell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":474074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"LaPatra, Scott E.","contributorId":67392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaPatra","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70043146,"text":"70043146 - 2010 - Anthropogenic influence on recent bathymetric change in west-central San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-17T13:45:55.927734","indexId":"70043146","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3331,"text":"San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anthropogenic influence on recent bathymetric change in west-central San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"Two multibeam sonar surveys of west-central San Francisco Bay, California, were conducted in 1997 and 2008. Bathymetric change analysis between the two surveys indicates a loss of 14.1 million cubic meters (-3.1 cm/yr) of sediment during this time period, representing an approximately three-fold acceleration of the rate that was observed from prior depth change analysis from 1947 to 1979 for all of Central Bay, using more spatially coarse National Ocean Service (NOS) soundings. The portions of the overlapping survey areas between 1997 and 2008 designated as aggregate mining lease sites lost sediment at five times the rate of the remainder of west-central San Francisco Bay. Despite covering only 28% of the analysis area, volume change within leasing areas accounted for 9.2 million cubic meters of sediment loss, while the rest of the area lost 4.9 million cubic meters of sediment. The uncertainty of this recent analysis is more tightly constrained due to more stringent controls on vertical and horizontal position via tightly coupled, inertially aided differential Global Positioning Systems (GPS) solutions for survey vessel trajectory that virtually eliminate inaccuracies from traditional tide modeling and vessel motion artifacts. Further, quantification of systematic depth measurement error can now be calculated through comparison of static surfaces (e.g., bedrock) between surveys using seafloor habitat maps based on acoustic backscatter measurements and ground-truthing with grab samples and underwater video. Sediment loss in the entire San Francisco Bay Coastal System during the last half-century, as estimated from a series of bathymetric change studies, is 240 million cubic meters, and most of this is believed to be coarse sediment (i.e., sand and gravel) from Central Bay and the San Francisco Bar, which is likely to limit the sand supply to adjacent, open-coast beaches. This hypothesis is supported by a calibrated numerical model in a related study that indicates that there is a potential net export of sand-sized sediment across the Golden Gate, suggesting that a reduction in the supply of sand-sized sediment within west-central San Francisco Bay will limit transport to the outer coast.
","language":"English","publisher":"John Muir Institute of the Environment","doi":"10.15447/sfews.2010v8iss3art2","usgsCitation":"Barnard, P.L., and Kvitek, R.G., 2010, Anthropogenic influence on recent bathymetric change in west-central San Francisco Bay: San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science, v. 8, no. 3, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.15447/sfews.2010v8iss3art2.","productDescription":"13 p.","numberOfPages":"13","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-017582","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488076,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.15447/sfews.2010v8iss3art2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":383300,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Francisco","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.590942,37.397437 ], [ -122.590942,38.277001 ], [ -121.700363,38.277001 ], [ -121.700363,37.397437 ], [ -122.590942,37.397437 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"8","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-09-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515bfddfe4b075500ee5ca1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnard, Patrick L. 0000-0003-1414-6476 pbarnard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1414-6476","contributorId":2880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"Patrick","email":"pbarnard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":473039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kvitek, Rikk G.","contributorId":107804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kvitek","given":"Rikk","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":473040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70043327,"text":"70043327 - 2010 - Quantifying terrestrial ecosystem carbon dynamics in the Jinsha watershed, Upper Yangtze, China from 1975 to 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T13:10:33","indexId":"70043327","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying terrestrial ecosystem carbon dynamics in the Jinsha watershed, Upper Yangtze, China from 1975 to 2000","docAbstract":"Quantifying the spatial and temporal dynamics of carbon stocks in terrestrial ecosystems and carbon fluxes between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere is critical to our understanding of regional patterns of carbon budgets. Here we use the General Ensemble biogeochemical Modeling System to simulate the terrestrial ecosystem carbon dynamics in the Jinsha watershed of China’s upper Yangtze basin from 1975 to 2000, based on unique combinations of spatial and temporal dynamics of major driving forces, such as climate, soil properties, nitrogen deposition, and land use and land cover changes. Our analysis demonstrates that the Jinsha watershed ecosystems acted as a carbon sink during the period of 1975–2000, with an average rate of 0.36 Mg/ha/yr, primarily resulting from regional climate variation and local land use and land cover change. Vegetation biomass accumulation accounted for 90.6% of the sink, while soil organic carbon loss before 1992 led to a lower net gain of carbon in the watershed, and after that soils became a small sink. Ecosystem carbon sink/source patterns showed a high degree of spatial heterogeneity. Carbon sinks were associated with forest areas without disturbances, whereas carbon sources were primarily caused by stand-replacing disturbances. It is critical to adequately represent the detailed fast-changing dynamics of land use activities in regional biogeochemical models to determine the spatial and temporal evolution of regional carbon sink/source patterns.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00267-009-9285-9","usgsCitation":"Zhao, S., Liu, S., Yin, R., Li, Z., Deng, Y., Tan, K., Deng, X., Rothstein, D., and Qi, J., 2010, Quantifying terrestrial ecosystem carbon dynamics in the Jinsha watershed, Upper Yangtze, China from 1975 to 2000: Environmental Management, v. 45, no. 3, p. 466-475, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-009-9285-9.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"466","endPage":"475","ipdsId":"IP-011153","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271686,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"Jinsha watershed, Yangtze River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 97.36,21.62 ], [ 97.36,32.38 ], [ 104.08,32.38 ], [ 104.08,21.62 ], [ 97.36,21.62 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"45","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-03-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5180e7ebe4b0df838b924d90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhao, Shuqing","contributorId":9152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhao","given":"Shuqing","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, Shuguang 0000-0002-6027-3479 sliu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6027-3479","contributorId":147403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Shuguang","email":"sliu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yin, Runsheng","contributorId":150057,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yin","given":"Runsheng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17896,"text":"State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":692786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Li, Zhengpeng","contributorId":80812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Zhengpeng","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Deng, Yulin","contributorId":191348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deng","given":"Yulin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tan, Kun","contributorId":191349,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tan","given":"Kun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Deng, Xiangzheng","contributorId":191350,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deng","given":"Xiangzheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rothstein, David","contributorId":191351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rothstein","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Qi, Jiaguo","contributorId":191352,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Qi","given":"Jiaguo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70043220,"text":"70043220 - 2010 - Using the Sonoran and Libyan Desert test sites to monitor the temporal stability of reflective solar bands for Landsat 7 enhanced thematic mapper plus and Terra moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer sensors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-15T12:29:32","indexId":"70043220","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2172,"text":"Journal of Applied Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using the Sonoran and Libyan Desert test sites to monitor the temporal stability of reflective solar bands for Landsat 7 enhanced thematic mapper plus and Terra moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer sensors","docAbstract":"Remote sensing imagery is effective for monitoring environmental and climatic changes because of the extent of the global coverage and long time scale of the observations. Radiometric calibration of remote sensing sensors is essential for quantitative & qualitative science and applications. Pseudo-invariant ground targets have been extensively used to monitor the long-term radiometric calibration stability of remote sensing sensors. This paper focuses on the use of the Sonoran Desert site to monitor the radiometric stability of the Landsat 7 (L7) Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) and Terra Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors. The results are compared with the widely used Libya 4 Desert site in an attempt to evaluate the suitability of the Sonoran Desert site for sensor inter-comparison and calibration stability monitoring. Since the overpass times of ETM+ and MODIS differ by about 30 minutes, the impacts due to different view geometries or test site Bi-directional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) are also presented. In general, the long-term drifts in the visible bands are relatively large compared to the drift in the near-infrared bands of both sensors. The lifetime Top-of-Atmosphere (TOA) reflectance trends from both sensors over 10 years are extremely stable, changing by no more than 0.1% per year (except ETM+ Band 1 and MODIS Band 3) over the two sites used for the study. The use of a semi-empirical BRDF model can reduce the impacts due to view geometries, thus enabling a better estimate of sensor temporal drifts.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SPIE Digital Library","doi":"10.1117/1.3424910","usgsCitation":"Angal, A., Xiong, X., Choi, T., Chander, G., and Wu, A., 2010, Using the Sonoran and Libyan Desert test sites to monitor the temporal stability of reflective solar bands for Landsat 7 enhanced thematic mapper plus and Terra moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer sensors: Journal of Applied Remote Sensing, v. 4, no. 1, 043525, https://doi.org/10.1117/1.3424910.","productDescription":"043525","ipdsId":"IP-016646","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272293,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272292,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.3424910"}],"country":"United States","volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51955850e4b0a933d82c4ccf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Angal, Amit","contributorId":67394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angal","given":"Amit","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xiong, Xiaoxiong","contributorId":15088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xiong","given":"Xiaoxiong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Choi, Tae-young","contributorId":89036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choi","given":"Tae-young","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chander, Gyanesh gchander@usgs.gov","contributorId":3013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chander","given":"Gyanesh","email":"gchander@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":473189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wu, Aisheng","contributorId":65362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"Aisheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70193766,"text":"70193766 - 2010 - Marine electrical resistivity imaging of submarine groundwater discharge: Sensitivity analysis and application in Waquoit Bay, Massachusetts, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-21T12:49:34","indexId":"70193766","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Marine electrical resistivity imaging of submarine groundwater discharge: Sensitivity analysis and application in Waquoit Bay, Massachusetts, USA","docAbstract":"Electrical resistivity imaging has been used in coastal settings to characterize fresh submarine groundwater discharge and the position of the freshwater/salt-water interface because of the relation of bulk electrical conductivity to pore-fluid conductivity, which in turn is a function of salinity. Interpretation of tomograms for hydrologic processes is complicated by inversion artifacts, uncertainty associated with survey geometry limitations, measurement errors, and choice of regularization method. Variation of seawater over tidal cycles poses unique challenges for inversion. The capabilities and limitations of resistivity imaging are presented for characterizing the distribution of freshwater and saltwater beneath a beach. The experimental results provide new insight into fresh submarine groundwater discharge at Waquoit Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, East Falmouth, Massachusetts (USA). Tomograms from the experimental data indicate that fresh submarine groundwater discharge may shut down at high tide, whereas temperature data indicate that the discharge continues throughout the tidal cycle. Sensitivity analysis and synthetic modeling provide insight into resolving power in the presence of a time-varying saline water layer. In general, vertical electrodes and cross-hole measurements improve the inversion results regardless of the tidal level, whereas the resolution of surface arrays is more sensitive to time-varying saline water layer.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-009-0498-z","usgsCitation":"Henderson, R., Day-Lewis, F.D., Abarca, E., Harvey, C.F., Karam, H.N., Liu, L., and Lane, J.W., 2010, Marine electrical resistivity imaging of submarine groundwater discharge: Sensitivity analysis and application in Waquoit Bay, Massachusetts, USA: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 18, no. 1, p. 173-185, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-009-0498-z.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"173","endPage":"185","ipdsId":"IP-011944","costCenters":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348723,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Waquoit Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.54252624511719,\n 41.54815851009314\n ],\n [\n -70.46974182128906,\n 41.54815851009314\n ],\n [\n -70.46974182128906,\n 41.672398925907906\n ],\n [\n -70.54252624511719,\n 41.672398925907906\n ],\n [\n -70.54252624511719,\n 41.54815851009314\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a610acde4b06e28e9c256e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henderson, Rory rhenders@usgs.gov","contributorId":2083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henderson","given":"Rory","email":"rhenders@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":720313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day-Lewis, Frederick D. 0000-0003-3526-886X daylewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":1672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"Frederick","email":"daylewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Abarca, Elena","contributorId":199905,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Abarca","given":"Elena","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13299,"text":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harvey, Charles F.","contributorId":199836,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harvey","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":12444,"text":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Karam, Hanan N.","contributorId":199837,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karam","given":"Hanan","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":13299,"text":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Liu, Lanbo","contributorId":199850,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Lanbo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6619,"text":"University of Connecticutt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. jwlane@usgs.gov","contributorId":1738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jwlane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":720314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70190362,"text":"70190362 - 2010 - Serving ocean model data on the cloud","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-29T17:49:26","indexId":"70190362","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5480,"text":"Oceans Conference Record","printIssn":"0197-7385","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":19}},"title":"Serving ocean model data on the cloud","docAbstract":"The NOAA-led Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) and the NSF-funded Ocean Observatories Initiative Cyberinfrastructure Project (OOI-CI) are collaborating on a prototype data delivery system for numerical model output and other gridded data using cloud computing. The strategy is to take an existing distributed system for delivering gridded data and redeploy on the cloud, making modifications to the system that allow it to harness the scalability of the cloud as well as adding functionality that the scalability affords.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"OCEANS 2009, MTS/IEEE Biloxi - Marine Technology for Our Future: Global and Local Challenges","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"OCEANS 2009, MTS/IEEE Biloxi - Marine Technology for Our Future: Global and Local Challenges","conferenceDate":"October 26-29, 2009","conferenceLocation":"Biloxi, MS","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.23919/OCEANS.2009.5422331","issn":"0197-7385","isbn":"978-1-4244-4960-6","usgsCitation":"Meisinger, M., Farcas, C., Farcas, E., Alexander, C., Arrott, M., de La Beaujardiere, J., Hubbard, P., Mendelssohn, R., and Signell, R.P., 2010, Serving ocean model data on the cloud, in OCEANS 2009, MTS/IEEE Biloxi - Marine Technology for Our Future: Global and Local Challenges, Biloxi, MS, October 26-29, 2009, https://doi.org/10.23919/OCEANS.2009.5422331.","ipdsId":"IP-018222","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345288,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a67d43e4b0fd9b77ce47ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meisinger, Michael","contributorId":195941,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meisinger","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12805,"text":"Univ. of California at San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farcas, Claudiu","contributorId":73851,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farcas","given":"Claudiu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12805,"text":"Univ. of California at San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Farcas, Emilia","contributorId":23360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farcas","given":"Emilia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12805,"text":"Univ. of California at San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Alexander, Charles","contributorId":195938,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alexander","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16942,"text":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Arrott, Matthew","contributorId":195939,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arrott","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12805,"text":"Univ. of California at San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"de La Beaujardiere, Jeff","contributorId":62950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"de La Beaujardiere","given":"Jeff","affiliations":[{"id":16942,"text":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hubbard, Paul","contributorId":89377,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hubbard","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16942,"text":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Mendelssohn, Roy","contributorId":195942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mendelssohn","given":"Roy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":18933,"text":"NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Signell, Richard P. rsignell@usgs.gov","contributorId":1435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Signell","given":"Richard","email":"rsignell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":708958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70189916,"text":"70189916 - 2010 - Modeling methods","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70189916,"text":"70189916 - 2010 - Modeling methods","indexId":"70189916","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"chapter":"3","title":"Modeling methods"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70189200,"text":"70189200 - 2010 - Estimating groundwater recharge","indexId":"70189200","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Estimating groundwater recharge"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70189200,"text":"70189200 - 2010 - Estimating groundwater recharge","indexId":"70189200","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Estimating groundwater recharge"},"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-26T17:31:35.616126","indexId":"70189916","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"3","title":"Modeling methods","docAbstract":"Simulation models are widely used in all types of hydrologic studies, and many of these models can be used to estimate recharge. Models can provide important insight into the functioning of hydrologic systems by identifying factors that influence recharge. The predictive capability of models can be used to evaluate how changes in climate, water use, land use, and other factors may affect recharge rates. Most hydrological simulation models, including watershed models and groundwater-flow models, are based on some form of water-budget equation, so the material in this chapter is closely linked to that in Chapter 2. Empirical models that are not based on a water-budget equation have also been used for estimating recharge; these models generally take the form of simple estimation equations that define annual recharge as a function of precipitation and possibly other climatic data or watershed characteristics.
Model complexity varies greatly. Some models are simple accounting models; others attempt to accurately represent the physics of water movement through each compartment of the hydrologic system. Some models provide estimates of recharge explicitly; for example, a model based on the Richards equation can simulate water movement from the soil surface through the unsaturated zone to the water table. Recharge estimates can be obtained indirectly from other models. For example, recharge is a parameter in groundwater-flow models that solve for hydraulic head (i.e. groundwater level). Recharge estimates can be obtained through a model calibration process in which recharge and other model parameter values are adjusted so that simulated water levels agree with measured water levels. The simulation that provides the closest agreement is called the best fit, and the recharge value used in that simulation is the model-generated estimate of recharge.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Estimating groundwater recharge","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/CBO9780511780745.004","isbn":"9780511780745","usgsCitation":"Healy, R.W., 2010, Modeling methods, chap. 3 of Estimating groundwater recharge, p. 43-73, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511780745.004.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"73","ipdsId":"IP-017222","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345120,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"599fe5bde4b038630d022120","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Healy, Richard W. 0000-0002-0224-1858 rwhealy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0224-1858","contributorId":658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"Richard","email":"rwhealy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70190351,"text":"70190351 - 2010 - Chemical and isotopic signature of bulk organic matter and hydrocarbon biomarkers within mid-slope accretionary sediments of the northern Cascadia margin gas hydrate system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-29T10:51:32","indexId":"70190351","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical and isotopic signature of bulk organic matter and hydrocarbon biomarkers within mid-slope accretionary sediments of the northern Cascadia margin gas hydrate system","docAbstract":"The chemical and isotopic compositions of sedimentary organic matter (SOM) from two mid-slope sites of the northern Cascadia margin were investigated during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 311 to elucidate the organic matter origins and identify potential microbial contributions to SOM. Gas hydrate is present at both locations (IODP Sites U1327 and U1328), with distinct patterns of near-seafloor structural accumulations at the cold seep Site U1328 and deeper stratigraphic accumulations at the slope-basin Site U1327. Source characterization and evidence that some components of the organic matter have been diagenetically altered are determined from the concentrations and isotopic compositions of hydrocarbon biomarkers, total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN) and total sulfur (TS). The carbon isotopic compositions of TOC (δ13CTOC = −26 to −22‰) and long-chain n-alkanes (C27, C29 and C31, δ13C = −34 to − 29‰) suggest the organic matter at both sites is a mixture of 1) terrestrial plants that employ the C3 photosynthetic pathway and 2) marine algae. In contrast, the δ15NTN values of the bulk sediment (+ 4 to + 8‰) are consistent with a predominantly marine source, but these values most likely have been modified during microbial organic matter degradation. The δ13C values of archaeal biomarker pentamethylicosane (PMI) (− 46.4‰) and bacterial-sourced hopenes, diploptene and hop-21-ene (− 40.9 to − 34.7‰) indicate a partial contribution from methane carbon or a chemoautotrophic pathway. Our multi-isotope and biomarker-based conclusions are consistent with previous studies, based only on the elemental composition of bulk sediments, that suggested a mixed marine-terrestrial organic matter origin for these mid-slope sites of the northern Cascadia margin.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2010.05.010","usgsCitation":"Kaneko, M., Shingai, H., Pohlman, J., and Naraoka, H., 2010, Chemical and isotopic signature of bulk organic matter and hydrocarbon biomarkers within mid-slope accretionary sediments of the northern Cascadia margin gas hydrate system: Marine Geology, v. 275, no. 1-4, p. 166-177, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2010.05.010.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"166","endPage":"177","ipdsId":"IP-021026","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345249,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"275","issue":"1-4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a67d43e4b0fd9b77ce47d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kaneko, Masanori","contributorId":195904,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaneko","given":"Masanori","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shingai, Hiroshi","contributorId":195906,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shingai","given":"Hiroshi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pohlman, John W. jpohlman@usgs.gov","contributorId":3307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pohlman","given":"John W.","email":"jpohlman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":708841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Naraoka, Hiroshi","contributorId":195905,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Naraoka","given":"Hiroshi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70194333,"text":"70194333 - 2010 - A review of silver-rich mineral deposits and their metallogeny","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-29T11:16:19","indexId":"70194333","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"A review of silver-rich mineral deposits and their metallogeny","docAbstract":"Mineral deposits with large inventories or high grades of silver are found in four genetic groups: (1) volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS), (2) sedimentary exhalative (SEDEX), (3) lithogene, and, (4) magmatichydrothermal. Principal differences between the four groups relate to source rocks and regions, metal associations, process and timing of mineralization, and tectonic setting. These four groups may be subdivided into specific metal associations on ternary diagrams based on relative metal contents.
The VMS deposits rarely contain more than 15,600 t Ag (500 Moz). Grades average 33 g/t Ag. Variable Ag- Pb-Zn-Cu-Au ± Sn concentrations are interpreted as having been derived both from shallow plutons and by leaching of the volcanic rock pile in regions of thin or no continental crust and the mineralization is syngenetic. Higher silver grades are associated with areas of abundant felsic volcanic rocks. The SEDEX deposits rarely contain more than 15,600 t Ag (500 Moz). Grades average 46 g/t Ag. Silver, lead, and zinc in relatively consistent proportions are leached from sedimentary rocks filling rift-related basins, where the continental crust is thin, and deposited as syngenetic to diagenetic massive sulfides. Pre-mineral volcanic rocks and their detritus may occur deep within the basin and gold is typically absent.
Lithogene silver-rich deposits are epigenetic products of varying combinations of compaction, dewatering, meteoric water recharge, and metamorphism of rift basin-related clastic sedimentary and interbedded volcanic rocks. Individual deposits may contain more than 15,600 t Ag (500 Moz) at high grades. Ores are characterized by four well-defined metal associations, including Ag, Ag-Pb-Zn, Ag-Cu, and Ag-Co-Ni-U. Leaching, transport, and deposition of metals may occur both in specific sedimentary strata and other rock types adjacent to the rift. Multiple mineralizing events lasting 10 to 15 m.y., separated by as much as 1 b.y., may occur in a single basin. Gold is absent at economic levels.
The magmatic-hydrothermal silver-rich deposits are epigenetic and related to cordilleran igneous and volcanic suites. Six magmatic-hydrothermal districts each contain more than 31,000 t Ag (1,000 Moz) with grades of veins >600 g/t Ag. Mineralization occurs as veins, massive sulfides in carbonate rocks, and disseminated deposits including porphyry silver deposits, a proposed exploration model. Most deposits are epithermal with low-sulfidation alteration assemblages. Deposits are often telescoped and well-zoned. All large and high-grade magmatic-hydrothermal deposits appear confined to regions of relatively thick continental crust above Cenozoic consuming plate margins on the eastern side of the Pacific Rim. Silver in these deposits may be partly derived by hydrothermal leaching of rocks under or adjacent to the deposits.
Specific metal associations in SEDEX and lithogene deposits may reflect confinement of fluid flow to and derivation of metals from specific source rock types. Variable metal associations in VMS and magmatichydrothermal deposits may reflect derivation of metals from a more diverse suite of rocks by convecting hydrothermal systems and processes related to the generation of magma. The discovery rate for silver-rich deposits has accelerated during the past decade, with new deposit types, metal associations, and exploration models being identified that provide numerous exploration and research opportunities.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The challenge of finding new mineral resources: Global metallogeny, innovative exploration, and new discoveries; SEG Special Publication 15 Vol. 1","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","usgsCitation":"Graybeal, F., and Vikre, P.G., 2010, A review of silver-rich mineral deposits and their metallogeny, chap. of The challenge of finding new mineral resources: Global metallogeny, innovative exploration, and new discoveries; SEG Special Publication 15 Vol. 1, p. 85-117.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"117","ipdsId":"IP-021427","costCenters":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349514,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":349513,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.segweb.org/store/detail.aspx?id=EDOCSP15V1CH07"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a610acde4b06e28e9c256e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graybeal, Frederick","contributorId":139000,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Graybeal","given":"Frederick","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12586,"text":"Consultant","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":723332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vikre, Peter G. 0000-0001-7895-5972 pvikre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7895-5972","contributorId":139033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vikre","given":"Peter","email":"pvikre@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70189200,"text":"70189200 - 2010 - Estimating groundwater recharge","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70156906,"text":"70156906 - 2010 - Water-budget methods","indexId":"70156906","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"chapter":"2","title":"Water-budget methods"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70189200,"text":"70189200 - 2010 - Estimating groundwater recharge","indexId":"70189200","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Estimating groundwater recharge"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":70189916,"text":"70189916 - 2010 - Modeling methods","indexId":"70189916","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"chapter":"3","title":"Modeling methods"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70189200,"text":"70189200 - 2010 - Estimating groundwater recharge","indexId":"70189200","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Estimating groundwater recharge"},"id":2},{"subject":{"id":70189917,"text":"70189917 - 2010 - Heat tracer methods","indexId":"70189917","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"chapter":"8","title":"Heat tracer methods"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70189200,"text":"70189200 - 2010 - Estimating groundwater recharge","indexId":"70189200","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Estimating groundwater recharge"},"id":3}],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-26T17:33:28.485087","indexId":"70189200","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"title":"Estimating groundwater recharge","docAbstract":"Understanding groundwater recharge is essential for successful management of water resources and modeling fluid and contaminant transport within the subsurface. This book provides a critical evaluation of the theory and assumptions that underlie methods for estimating rates of groundwater recharge. Detailed explanations of the methods are provided - allowing readers to apply many of the techniques themselves without needing to consult additional references. Numerous practical examples highlight benefits and limitations of each method. Approximately 900 references allow advanced practitioners to pursue additional information on any method. For the first time, theoretical and practical considerations for selecting and applying methods for estimating groundwater recharge are covered in a single volume with uniform presentation. Hydrogeologists, water-resource specialists, civil and agricultural engineers, earth and environmental scientists and agronomists will benefit from this informative and practical book. It can serve as the primary text for a graduate-level course on groundwater recharge or as an adjunct text for courses on groundwater hydrology or hydrogeology.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/CBO9780511780745","usgsCitation":"Healy, R.W., 2010, Estimating groundwater recharge, 256 p., https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511780745.","productDescription":"256 p.","ipdsId":"IP-017602","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343453,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-04-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595f4c48e4b0d1f9f057e38f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Healy, Richard W. 0000-0002-0224-1858 rwhealy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0224-1858","contributorId":658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"Richard","email":"rwhealy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70189196,"text":"70189196 - 2010 - Comparison of transport and attachment behaviors of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts and oocyst-sized microspheres being advected through three minerologically different granular porous media","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-09T09:51:49","indexId":"70189196","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3716,"text":"Water Research","onlineIssn":"1879-2448","printIssn":"0043-1354","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Comparison of transport and attachment behaviors of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts and oocyst-sized microspheres being advected through three minerologically different granular porous media","title":"Comparison of transport and attachment behaviors of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts and oocyst-sized microspheres being advected through three minerologically different granular porous media","docAbstract":"In order to gain more information about the fate of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in tropical volcanic soils, the transport and attachment behaviors of oocysts and oocyst-sized polystyrene microspheres were studied in the presence of two soils. These soils were chosen because of their differing chemical and physical properties, i.e., an organic-rich (43–46% by mass) volcanic ash-derived soil from the island of Hawaii, and a red, iron (22–29% by mass), aluminum (29–45% by mass), and clay-rich (68–76% by mass) volcanic soil from the island of Oahu. A third agricultural soil, an organic- (13% by mass) and quartz-rich (40% by mass) soil from Illinois, was included for reference. In 10-cm long flow-through columns, oocysts and microspheres advecting through the red volcanic soil were almost completely (98% and 99%) immobilized. The modest breakthrough resulted from preferential flow-path structure inadvertently created by soil-particle aggregation during the re-wetting process. Although a high (99%) removal of oocysts and microsphere within the volcanic ash soil occurred initially, further examination revealed that transport was merely retarded because of highly reversible interactions with grain surfaces. Judging from the slope of the substantive and protracted tail of the breakthrough curve for the 1.8-μm microspheres, almost all (>99%) predictably would be recovered within ∼4000 pore volumes. This suggests that once contaminated, the volcanic ash soil could serve as a reservoir for subsequent contamination of groundwater, at least for pathogens of similar size or smaller. Because of the highly reversible nature of organic colloid immobilization in this soil type, C. parvum could contaminate surface water should overland flow during heavy precipitation events pick up near-surface grains to which they are attached. Surprisingly, oocyst and microsphere attachment to the reference soil from Illinois appeared to be at least as sensitive to changes in pH as was observed for the red, metal-oxide rich soil from Oahu. In contrast, colloidal attachment in the organic-rich, volcanic ash soil was relatively insensitive to changes in pH in spite of the high iron content. Given the fundamental differences in transport behavior of oocyst-sized colloids within the two volcanic soils of similar origin, agricultural practices modified to lessen C. parvum contamination of ground or surface water would necessitate taking the individual soil properties into account.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2010.06.015","usgsCitation":"Mohanram, A., Ray, C., Harvey, R.W., Metge, D.W., Ryan, J.N., Chorover, J., and Eberl, D.D., 2010, Comparison of transport and attachment behaviors of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts and oocyst-sized microspheres being advected through three minerologically different granular porous media: Water Research, v. 44, no. 18, p. 5334-5344, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2010.06.015.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"5334","endPage":"5344","ipdsId":"IP-014207","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343377,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"18","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595dfab9e4b0d1f9f056a7c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mohanram, Arvind","contributorId":194201,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mohanram","given":"Arvind","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ray, Chittaranjan","contributorId":194209,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ray","given":"Chittaranjan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harvey, Ronald W. 0000-0002-2791-8503 rwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-8503","contributorId":564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Ronald","email":"rwharvey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Metge, David W. dwmetge@usgs.gov","contributorId":663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metge","given":"David","email":"dwmetge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ryan, Joseph N.","contributorId":54290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryan","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":604,"text":"University of Colorado- Boulder","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":703515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chorover, Jon 0000-0001-9497-0195","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9497-0195","contributorId":139472,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chorover","given":"Jon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Eberl, D. D.","contributorId":66282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberl","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70190382,"text":"70190382 - 2010 - Complexities in barrier island response to sea level rise: Insights from numerical model experiments, North Carolina Outer Banks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-29T10:15:02","indexId":"70190382","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Complexities in barrier island response to sea level rise: Insights from numerical model experiments, North Carolina Outer Banks","docAbstract":"Using a morphological-behavior model to conduct sensitivity experiments, we investigate the sea level rise response of a complex coastal environment to changes in a variety of factors. Experiments reveal that substrate composition, followed in rank order by substrate slope, sea level rise rate, and sediment supply rate, are the most important factors in determining barrier island response to sea level rise. We find that geomorphic threshold crossing, defined as a change in state (e.g., from landward migrating to drowning) that is irreversible over decadal to millennial time scales, is most likely to occur in muddy coastal systems where the combination of substrate composition, depth-dependent limitations on shoreface response rates, and substrate erodibility may prevent sand from being liberated rapidly enough, or in sufficient quantity, to maintain a subaerial barrier. Analyses indicate that factors affecting sediment availability such as low substrate sand proportions and high sediment loss rates cause a barrier to migrate landward along a trajectory having a lower slope than average barrier island slope, thereby defining an “effective” barrier island slope. Other factors being equal, such barriers will tend to be smaller and associated with a more deeply incised shoreface, thereby requiring less migration per sea level rise increment to liberate sufficient sand to maintain subaerial exposure than larger, less incised barriers. As a result, the evolution of larger/less incised barriers is more likely to be limited by shoreface erosion rates or substrate erodibility making them more prone to disintegration related to increasing sea level rise rates than smaller/more incised barriers. Thus, the small/deeply incised North Carolina barriers are likely to persist in the near term (although their long-term fate is less certain because of the low substrate slopes that will soon be encountered). In aggregate, results point to the importance of system history (e.g., previous slopes, sediment budgets, etc.) in determining migration trajectories and therefore how a barrier island will respond to sea level rise. Although simple analytical calculations may predict barrier response in simplified coastal environments (e.g., constant slope, constant sea level rise rate, etc.), our model experiments demonstrate that morphological-behavior modeling is necessary to provide critical insights regarding changes that may occur in environments having complex geometries, especially when multiple parameters change simultaneously.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2009JF001299","usgsCitation":"Moore, L.J., List, J., Williams, S.J., and Stolper, D., 2010, Complexities in barrier island response to sea level rise: Insights from numerical model experiments, North Carolina Outer Banks: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 115, no. F3, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JF001299.","productDescription":"27 p.","ipdsId":"IP-016230","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475909,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2009jf001299","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345243,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"North Carolina Outer Banks","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.13525390624999,\n 35.191766965947394\n ],\n [\n -74.6246337890625,\n 35.191766965947394\n ],\n [\n -74.6246337890625,\n 35.60148556537354\n ],\n [\n -76.13525390624999,\n 35.60148556537354\n ],\n [\n -76.13525390624999,\n 35.191766965947394\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"115","issue":"F3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a67d42e4b0fd9b77ce47bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, Laura J.","contributorId":39452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"List, Jeffrey H. jlist@usgs.gov","contributorId":127596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"List","given":"Jeffrey H.","email":"jlist@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":708804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, S. Jeffress 0000-0002-1326-7420 jwilliams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1326-7420","contributorId":2063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"S.","email":"jwilliams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Jeffress","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stolper, David","contributorId":195974,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stolper","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70186154,"text":"70186154 - 2010 - How vegetation and sediment transport feedbacks drive landscape change in the Everglades and wetlands worldwide","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-15T10:56:32","indexId":"70186154","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":740,"text":"American Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"How vegetation and sediment transport feedbacks drive landscape change in the Everglades and wetlands worldwide","docAbstract":"Mechanisms reported to promote landscape self‐organization cannot explain vegetation patterning oriented parallel to flow. Recent catastrophic shifts in Everglades landscape pattern and ecological function highlight the need to understand the feedbacks governing these ecosystems. We modeled feedback between vegetation, hydrology, and sediment transport on the basis of a decade of experimentation. Results from more than 100 simulations showed that flows just sufficient to redistribute sediment from sparsely vegetated sloughs to dense ridges were needed for an equilibrium patterned landscape oriented parallel to flow. Surprisingly, although vegetation heterogeneity typically conveys resilience, in wetlands governed by flow/sediment feedbacks it indicates metastability, whereby the landscape is prone to catastrophic shifts. Substantial increases or decreases in flow relative to the equilibrium condition caused an expansion of emergent vegetation and loss of open‐water areas that was unlikely to revert upon restoration of the equilibrium hydrology. Understanding these feedbacks is critical in forecasting wetland responses to changing conditions and designing management strategies that optimize ecosystem services, such as carbon sequestration or habitat provision. Our model and new sensitivity analysis techniques address these issues and make it newly apparent that simply returning flow to predrainage conditions in the Everglades may not be sufficient to restore historic landscape patterns and processes.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Naturalists","doi":"10.1086/655215","usgsCitation":"Larsen, L., and Harvey, J.W., 2010, How vegetation and sediment transport feedbacks drive landscape change in the Everglades and wetlands worldwide: American Naturalist, v. 176, no. 3, p. E66-E79, https://doi.org/10.1086/655215.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"E66","endPage":"E79","ipdsId":"IP-010084","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338799,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"176","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58de1952e4b02ff32c699cbb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larsen, Laurel G. lglarsen@usgs.gov","contributorId":1987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larsen","given":"Laurel G.","email":"lglarsen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harvey, Judson W. 0000-0002-2654-9873 jwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2654-9873","contributorId":1796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Judson","email":"jwharvey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":687685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70190465,"text":"70190465 - 2010 - The age of the Steens reversal and the Columbia River Basalt Group","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T15:48:25","indexId":"70190465","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The age of the Steens reversal and the Columbia River Basalt Group","docAbstract":"The Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG) eruptions have a well-defined relative magnetostratigraphy but have not been definitively correlated to the geomagnetic polarity time scale. 40Ar/39Ar ages are presented from lavas erupted in the R0 through N1magnetozones of the CRBG and in the transition between R0 and N0. Four ages from transitionally magnetized lava flows at Steens Mountain, Catlow Peak, and Poker Jim Ridge with a weighted mean age 16.58 ± 0.10 Ma1 and the more precise age 16.654 ± 0.025 Ma of the normally magnetized Oregon Canyon tuff at the top of the Catlow Peak section show that the oldest CRBG magnetozone (R0) correlates with the C5Cr chron. Bayesian statistical analysis applied to data from four flows at Catlow Peak (using the mean age of the Steens reversal) gives a best and preferred age of the Steens reversal of 16.73 + 0.13/−0.08 Ma (95% confidence). Depending on the geomagnetic polarity time scale model, the eruption rate from N0 through R2 (0.34–0.45 Ma in the middle and the bulk of the CRBG emplacement) averaged 0.30–0.41 km3/a and peaked at a rate 1 1/2 to 4 1/2 times higher during R2.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.04.001","usgsCitation":"Jarboe, N.A., Coe, R.S., Renne, P., and Glen, J.M., 2010, The age of the Steens reversal and the Columbia River Basalt Group: Chemical Geology, v. 274, no. 3-4, p. 158-168, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.04.001.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"158","endPage":"168","ipdsId":"IP-021994","costCenters":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345397,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"274","issue":"3-4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a92041e4b07e1a023ccdac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jarboe, Nicholas A.","contributorId":196084,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jarboe","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coe, Robert S.","contributorId":20477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coe","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Renne, Paul R.","contributorId":47680,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Renne","given":"Paul R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Glen, Jonathan M. G. jglen@usgs.gov","contributorId":1753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glen","given":"Jonathan","email":"jglen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M. G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":709299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70192559,"text":"70192559 - 2010 - Coupled hydrology and biogeochemistry of Paleocene–Eocene coal beds, northern Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-01T12:47:23","indexId":"70192559","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coupled hydrology and biogeochemistry of Paleocene–Eocene coal beds, northern Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"Thirty-six formation waters, gas, and microbial samples were collected and analyzed from natural gas and oil wells producing from the Paleocene to Eocene Wilcox Group coal beds and adjacent sandstones in north-central Louisiana, USA, to investigate the role hydrology plays on the generation and distribution of microbial methane. Major ion chemistry and Cl−Br relations of Wilcox Group formation waters suggest mixing of freshwater with halite-derived brines. High alkalinities (up to 47.8 meq/L), no detectable SO4, and elevated δ13C values of dissolved inorganic carbon (up to 20.5‰ Vienna Peedee belemnite [VPDB]) and CO2 (up to 17.67‰ VPDB) in the Wilcox Group coals and adjacent sandstones indicate the dominance of microbial methanogenesis. The δ13C and δD values of CH4, and carbon isotope fractionation of CO2 and CH4, suggest CO2 reduction is the major methanogenic pathway. Geochemical indicators for methanogenesis drop off significantly at chloride concentrations above ∼1.7 mol/L, suggesting that high salinities inhibit microbial activity at depths greater than ∼1.6 km. Formation waters in the Wilcox Group contain up to 1.6% modern carbon (A14C) to at least 1690 m depth; the covariance of δD values of co-produced H2O and CH4 indicate that the microbial methane was generated in situ with these Late Pleistocene or younger waters. The most enriched carbon isotope values for dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and CO2, and highest alkalinities, were detected in Wilcox Group sandstone reservoirs that were CO2 flooded in the 1980s for enhanced oil recovery, leading to the intriguing hypothesis that CO2 sequestration may actually enhance methanogenesis in organic-rich formations.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B30039.1","usgsCitation":"McIntosh, J.C., Warwick, P.D., Martini, A.M., and Osborn, S.G., 2010, Coupled hydrology and biogeochemistry of Paleocene–Eocene coal beds, northern Gulf of Mexico: GSA Bulletin, v. 122, no. 7-8, p. 1248-1264, https://doi.org/10.1130/B30039.1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1248","endPage":"1264","ipdsId":"IP-012265","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347459,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.031982421875,\n 31.015278981711266\n ],\n [\n -89.307861328125,\n 31.015278981711266\n ],\n [\n -89.307861328125,\n 33.02708758002874\n ],\n [\n -94.031982421875,\n 33.02708758002874\n ],\n [\n -94.031982421875,\n 31.015278981711266\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"122","issue":"7-8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07f62ee4b09af898c8cdf6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McIntosh, Jennifer C. 0000-0001-5055-4202","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5055-4202","contributorId":150557,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McIntosh","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warwick, Peter D. 0000-0002-3152-7783 pwarwick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-7783","contributorId":762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warwick","given":"Peter","email":"pwarwick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":716192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martini, Anna M.","contributorId":192675,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martini","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":35249,"text":"Department of Geology, Amherst College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Osborn, Stephen G.","contributorId":198479,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Osborn","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70186757,"text":"70186757 - 2010 - Aminostratigraphy of surface and subsurface Quaternary sediments, North Carolina coastal plain, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-05T19:05:08","indexId":"70186757","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3216,"text":"Quaternary Geochronology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aminostratigraphy of surface and subsurface Quaternary sediments, North Carolina coastal plain, USA","docAbstract":"The Quaternary stratigraphy and geochronology of the Albemarle Embayment of the North Carolina (NC) Coastal Plain is examined using amino acid racemization (AAR) in marine mollusks, in combination with geophysical, lithologic, and biostratigraphic analysis of 28 rotasonic cores drilled between 2002 and 2006. The Albemarle Embayment is bounded by structural highs to the north and south, and Quaternary strata thin westward toward the Suffolk paleoshoreline, frequently referred to as the Suffolk Scarp. The Quaternary section is up to ∼90 m thick, consists of a variety of estuarine, shelf, back-barrier, and lagoonal deposits, and has been influenced by multiple sea-level cycles. The temporal resolution of the amino acid racemization method is tested statistically and with the stratigraphic control provided by this geologic framework, and it is then applied to the correlation and age estimation of subsurface units throughout the region. Over 500 specimens (primarily Mercenaria and Mulinia) from the subsurface section have been analyzed using either gas chromatographic (GC) or reverse-phase liquid chromatographic (RPLC) techniques. The subsurface stratigraphic data are compared with AAR results from numerous natural or excavated exposures from the surrounding region, as well as results from NC beach collections, to develop a comprehensive aminostratigraphic database for the entire Quaternary record within the NC coastal system. Age mixing, recognized in the beach collections, is also seen in subsurface sections, usually where major seismic reflections or core lithology indicate the presence of stratigraphic discontinuities. Kinetic models for racemization are tested within the regional stratigraphic framework, using either radiocarbon or U-series calibrations or comparison with regional biostratigraphy. Three major Pleistocene aminozones [AZ2, AZ3, and AZ4] are found throughout the region, all being found in superposition in several cores. Each can be subdivided, yielding a total of at least eight stratigraphically and statistically distinct aminozones. Kinetic modeling, supplemented with local calibration, indicates that these aminozones represent depositional events ranging from ∼80 ka to nearly 2 Ma. Three prominent seismic reflections are interpreted to represent the base of the early, middle, and late Pleistocene, respectively, roughly 2 Ma, 800 ka, and 130 ka. The large number of samples and the available stratigraphic control provide new insights into the capabilities and limitations of aminostratigraphic methods in assessing relative and numerical ages of Atlantic Coastal Plain Quaternary deposits.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elesevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quageo.2009.10.005","usgsCitation":"Wehmiller, J.F., Thieler, E.R., Miller, D., Pellerito, V., Bakeman, K.V., Riggs, S., Culver, S., Mallinson, D., Farrell, K., York, L., Pierson, J., and Parham, P., 2010, Aminostratigraphy of surface and subsurface Quaternary sediments, North Carolina coastal plain, USA: Quaternary Geochronology, v. 4, no. 5, p. 459-492, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2009.10.005.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"459","endPage":"492","ipdsId":"IP-009171","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339515,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.25561523437499,\n 34.52466147177172\n ],\n [\n -75.08056640625,\n 34.52466147177172\n ],\n [\n -75.08056640625,\n 37.29153547292737\n ],\n [\n -78.25561523437499,\n 37.29153547292737\n ],\n [\n -78.25561523437499,\n 34.52466147177172\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ec99dae4b0b4d95d33525d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wehmiller, John F.","contributorId":42220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wehmiller","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thieler, E. Robert 0000-0003-4311-9717 rthieler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4311-9717","contributorId":2488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieler","given":"E.","email":"rthieler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":690520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Dick","contributorId":46054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Dick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pellerito, V.","contributorId":11858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pellerito","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bakeman, Keeney V.","contributorId":13840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bakeman","given":"Keeney","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Riggs, S.R.","contributorId":29807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riggs","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Culver, S.","contributorId":30450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Culver","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Mallinson, D.","contributorId":93686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mallinson","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Farrell, K.M.","contributorId":106573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrell","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"York, L.L.","contributorId":58401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"York","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Pierson, J.","contributorId":7536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierson","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Parham, P.R.","contributorId":37180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parham","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70189022,"text":"70189022 - 2010 - Using airborne geophysical surveys to improve groundwater resource management models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-29T14:37:17","indexId":"70189022","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Using airborne geophysical surveys to improve groundwater resource management models","docAbstract":"Increasingly, groundwater management requires more accurate hydrogeologic frameworks for groundwater models. These complex issues have created the demand for innovative approaches to data collection. In complicated terrains, groundwater modelers benefit from continuous high‐resolution geologic maps and their related hydrogeologic‐parameter estimates. The USGS and its partners have collaborated to use airborne geophysical surveys for near‐continuous coverage of areas of the North Platte River valley in western Nebraska. The survey objectives were to map the aquifers and bedrock topography of the area to help improve the understanding of groundwater‐surface‐water relationships, leading to improved water management decisions. Frequency‐domain heliborne electromagnetic surveys were completed, using a unique survey design to collect resistivity data that can be related to lithologic information to refine groundwater model inputs. To render the geophysical data useful to multidimensional groundwater models, numerical inversion is necessary to convert the measured data into a depth‐dependent subsurface resistivity model. This inverted model, in conjunction with sensitivity analysis, geological ground truth (boreholes and surface geology maps), and geological interpretation, is used to characterize hydrogeologic features. Interpreted two‐ and three‐dimensional data coverage provides the groundwater modeler with a high‐resolution hydrogeologic framework and a quantitative estimate of framework uncertainty. This method of creating hydrogeologic frameworks improved the understanding of flow path orientation by redefining the location of the paleochannels and associated bedrock highs. The improved models reflect actual hydrogeology at a level of accuracy not achievable using previous data sets.
Doherty and Hunt (2009) present important ideas for first-order-second moment sensitivity analysis, but five issues are discussed in this comment. First, considering the composite-scaled sensitivity (CSS) jointly with parameter correlation coefficients (PCC) in a CSS/PCC analysis addresses the difficulties with CSS mentioned in the introduction. Second, their new parameter identifiability statistic actually is likely to do a poor job of parameter identifiability in common situations. The statistic instead performs the very useful role of showing how model parameters are included in the estimated singular value decomposition (SVD) parameters. Its close relation to CSS is shown. Third, the idea from p. 125 that a suitable truncation point for SVD parameters can be identified using the prediction variance is challenged using results from Moore and Doherty (2005). Fourth, the relative error reduction statistic of Doherty and Hunt is shown to belong to an emerging set of statistics here named perturbed calculated variance statistics. Finally, the perturbed calculated variance statistics OPR and PPR mentioned on p. 121 are shown to explicitly include the parameter null-space component of uncertainty. Indeed, OPR and PPR results that account for null-space uncertainty have appeared in the literature since 2000.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.10.011","usgsCitation":"Hill, M.C., 2010, Comment on “Two statistics for evaluating parameter identifiability and error reduction” by John Doherty and Randall J. Hunt: Journal of Hydrology, v. 380, no. 3-4, p. 481-488, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.10.011.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"481","endPage":"488","ipdsId":"IP-013335","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343364,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"380","issue":"3-4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595dfab9e4b0d1f9f056a7bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hill, Mary C. mchill@usgs.gov","contributorId":974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Mary","email":"mchill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70189023,"text":"70189023 - 2010 - Transient electromagnetic mapping of clay units in the San Luis Valley, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-20T15:04:08","indexId":"70189023","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Transient electromagnetic mapping of clay units in the San Luis Valley, Colorado","docAbstract":"Transient electromagnetic soundings were used to obtain information needed to refine hydrologic models of the San Luis Valley, Colorado. The soundings were able to map an aquitard called the blue clay that separates an unconfined surface aquifer from a deeper confined aquifer. The blue clay forms a conductor with an average resistivity of 6.9 ohm‐m. Above the conductor are found a mixture of gray clay and sand. The gray clay has an average resistivity of 21 ohm‐m, while the sand has a resistivity of greater than 100 ohm‐m. The large difference in resistivity of these units makes mapping them with a surface geophysical method relatively easy. The blue clay was deposited at the bottom of Lake Alamosa which filled most of the San Luis Valley during the Pleistocene. The geometry of the blue clay is influenced by a graben on the eastern side of the valley. The depth to the blue clay is greater over the graben. Along the eastern edge of valley the blue clay appears to be truncated by faults.
Hydrothermal systems currently are active near some gold deposits in northwestern Nevada. Possible links of these modern systems to gold mineralization were evaluated by chemically and isotopically analyzing water samples from the Brady, Dixie Valley, Humboldt House, San Emidio-Empire, Soda Lake, and Wabuska geothermal areas. In addition, quartz veins from Humboldt House and the adjacent Florida Canyon Mine were analyzed to compare ore and gangue phases with those predicted to form from proximal hydrothermal fluids.
Nearly all water samples are alkali-chloride-type. Total dissolved solids range from 800 to 3900 mg/L, and pH varies from 5.6 to 7.8. Geochemical modeling with SOLVEQ, WATCH, and CHILLER predict the precipitation of silica in all systems during cooling. Anhydrite, calcite, barite, pyrite, base-metal sulfides, and alumino-silicates are variably saturated at calculated reservoir temperatures and also precipitate during boiling/cooling of some fluids. Measured dissolved gold concentrations are low (<0.2μg/L), but are generally consistent with contents predicted by equilibrium of sampled solutions with elemental gold at reservoir temperatures. Although the modern geothermal waters can precipitate ore minerals, the low gold and other ore metal concentrations require very large fluid volumes to form a deposit of economic interest.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of Nevada Symposium, Great Basin Evolution and Metallogeny 2010","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of Nevada","usgsCitation":"Breit, G.N., Hunt, A.G., Wolf, R.E., Koenig, A.E., Fifarek, R., and Coolbaugh, M.F., 2010, Are modern geothermal waters in northwest Nevada forming epithermal gold deposits?, in Geological Society of Nevada Symposium, Great Basin Evolution and Metallogeny 2010, p. 833-844.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"833","endPage":"844","ipdsId":"IP-020129","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343156,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595611c9e4b0d1f9f05067fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Breit, George N. 0000-0003-2188-6798 gbreit@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2188-6798","contributorId":1480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breit","given":"George","email":"gbreit@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunt, Andrew G. 0000-0002-3810-8610 ahunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3810-8610","contributorId":1582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Andrew","email":"ahunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wolf, Ruth E. rwolf@usgs.gov","contributorId":903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolf","given":"Ruth","email":"rwolf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Koenig, Alan E. 0000-0002-5230-0924 akoenig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5230-0924","contributorId":1564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koenig","given":"Alan","email":"akoenig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fifarek, Richard","contributorId":193871,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fifarek","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Coolbaugh, Mark F.","contributorId":193870,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coolbaugh","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70190512,"text":"70190512 - 2010 - Composition, distribution, and potential toxicity of organochlorine mixtures in bed sediments of streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-05T13:59:12","indexId":"70190512","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Composition, distribution, and potential toxicity of organochlorine mixtures in bed sediments of streams","docAbstract":"Mixtures of organochlorine compounds have the potential for additive or interactive toxicity to organisms exposed in the stream. This study uses a variety of methods to identify mixtures and a modified concentration-addition approach to estimate their potential toxicity at 845 stream sites across the United States sampled between 1992 and 2001 for organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in bed sediment. Principal-component (PC) analysis identified five PCs that account for 77% of the total variance in 14 organochlorine compounds in the original dataset. The five PCs represent: (1) chlordane-related compounds and dieldrin; (2) p,p′-DDT and its degradates; (3) o,p′-DDT and its degradates; (4) the pesticide degradates oxychlordane and heptachlor epoxide; and (5) PCBs. The PC analysis grouped compounds that have similar chemical structure (such as parent compound and degradate), common origin (in the same technical pesticide mixture), and(or) similar relation of concentrations to land use. For example, the highest concentrations of chlordane compounds and dieldrin occurred at urban sites, reflecting past use of parent pesticides for termite control. Two approaches to characterizing mixtures—PC-based mixtures and unique mixtures—were applied to all 299 samples with a detection of two or more organochlorine compounds. PC-based mixtures are defined by the presence (in the sample) of one or more compounds associated with that PC. Unique mixtures are defined as a specific combination of two or more compounds detected in a sample, regardless of how many other compounds were also detected in that sample. The simplest PC-based mixtures (containing compounds from 1 or 2 PCs) commonly occurred in a variety of land use settings. Complex mixtures (containing compounds from 3 or more PCs) were most common in samples from urban and mixed/urban sites, especially in the Northeast, reflecting high concentrations of multiple chlordane, dieldrin, DDT-related compounds, and(or) PCBs. The most commonly occurring unique mixture (p,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDD) occurred in both simple and complex PC-based mixtures, and at both urban and agricultural sites. Mean Probable Effect Concentration Quotients (PEC-Q) values, which estimate the potential toxicity of organochlorine contaminant mixtures, were highest for complex mixtures. Mean PEC-Q values were highest for urban sites in the Northeast, followed by mixed/urban sites in the Northeast and agricultural sites in cotton growing areas. These results demonstrate that the PEC-Q approach can be used in combination with PC-based and unique mixture analyses to relate potential aquatic toxicity of contaminant mixtures to mixture complexity, land use, and other surrogates for contaminant sources.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.09.052","usgsCitation":"Phillips, P., Nowell, L.H., Gilliom, R.J., Nakagaki, N., Riva-Murray, K., and VanAlstyne, C., 2010, Composition, distribution, and potential toxicity of organochlorine mixtures in bed sediments of streams: Science of the Total Environment, v. 408, no. 3, p. 594-606, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.09.052.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"594","endPage":"606","ipdsId":"IP-009456","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345465,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"408","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59afb7a0e4b0e9bde135114b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phillips, Patrick J. pjphilli@usgs.gov","contributorId":856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Patrick J.","email":"pjphilli@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":709537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nowell, Lisa H. 0000-0001-5417-7264 lhnowell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5417-7264","contributorId":490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowell","given":"Lisa","email":"lhnowell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gilliom, Robert J. rgilliom@usgs.gov","contributorId":488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilliom","given":"Robert","email":"rgilliom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nakagaki, Naomi 0000-0003-3653-0540 nakagaki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3653-0540","contributorId":1067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakagaki","given":"Naomi","email":"nakagaki@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Riva-Murray, Karen 0000-0001-6683-2238 krmurray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6683-2238","contributorId":168876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riva-Murray","given":"Karen","email":"krmurray@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"VanAlstyne, Carolyn","contributorId":196180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"VanAlstyne","given":"Carolyn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70190567,"text":"70190567 - 2010 - Ecology of the brain trematode Euhaplorchis californiensis and its host, the California Killifish (Fundulus parvipinnis)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-07T14:14:48","indexId":"70190567","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2414,"text":"Journal of Parasitology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Ecology of the brain trematode Euhaplorchis californiensis and its host, the California Killifish (Fundulus parvipinnis)","title":"Ecology of the brain trematode Euhaplorchis californiensis and its host, the California Killifish (Fundulus parvipinnis)","docAbstract":"We describe the distribution and abundance of the brain-encysting trematode Euhaplorchis californiensis and its second intermediate host, the California killifish (Fundulus parvipinnis), in 3 estuaries in southern California and Baja California. We quantified the density of fish and metacercariae at 13–14 sites per estuary and dissected 375 killifish. Density (numbers and biomass) was examined at 3 spatial scales, i.e., small replicate sites, habitats, and entire estuaries. At those same scales, factors that might influence metacercaria prevalence, abundance, and aggregation in host individuals and populations were also examined. Metacercaria prevalence was 94–100% among the estuaries. Most fish were infected with 100s to 1,000s of E. californiensis metacercariae, with mean abundance generally increasing with host size. Although body condition of fish did not vary among sites or estuaries, the abundance of metacercariae varied significantly among sites, habitats, estuaries, and substantially with host size and gender. Metacercariae were modestly aggregated in killifish (k > 1), with aggregation decreasing in larger hosts. Across the 3 estuaries, the total populations of killifish ranged from 9,000–12,000 individuals/ha and from 7–43 kg/ha. The component populations of E. californiensis metacercariae ranged from 78–200 million individuals/ha and from 0.1–0.3 kg/ha. Biomass of E. californiensis metacercariae constituted 0.5–1.7% of the killifish biomass in the estuaries. Our findings, in conjunction with previously documented effects of E. californiensis, suggest a strong influence of this parasite on the size, distribution, biomass, and abundance of its killifish host.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Parasitologists","doi":"10.1645/GE-2188.1","usgsCitation":"Shaw, J., Hechinger, R., Lafferty, K.D., and Kuris, A.M., 2010, Ecology of the brain trematode Euhaplorchis californiensis and its host, the California Killifish (Fundulus parvipinnis): Journal of Parasitology, v. 96, no. 3, p. 482-490, https://doi.org/10.1645/GE-2188.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"482","endPage":"490","ipdsId":"IP-082597","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345554,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b25b03e4b020cdf7db1fe3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shaw, J.C.","contributorId":6789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaw","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hechinger, R.F.","contributorId":192181,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hechinger","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kuris, Armand M.","contributorId":54332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuris","given":"Armand","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70190409,"text":"70190409 - 2010 - Distribution and tsunamigenic potential of submarine landslides in the Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-09T13:05:25","indexId":"70190409","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Distribution and tsunamigenic potential of submarine landslides in the Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"The Gulf of Mexico (GOM) is a geologically diverse ocean basin that includes three distinct geologic provinces: a carbonate province, a salt province, and canyon to deep-sea fan province, all of which contain evidence of submarine mass movements. The threat of submarine landslides in the GOM as a generator of near-field damaging tsunamis has not been widely addressed. Submarine landslides in the GOM are considered a potential tsunami hazard because: (1) some dated landslides in the GOM have post-glacial ages and (2) recent seismicity recorded within the GOM. We present a brief review of the distribution and style of submarine landslides that have occurred in the GOM during the Quaternary, followed by preliminary hydrodynamic modeling results of tsunami generation from the East Breaks landslide off Corpus Christie, TX.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Submarine mass movements and their consequences. Advances in natural and technological hazards research, vol 28","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-90-481-3071-9_60","usgsCitation":"Chaytor, J., Twichell, D.C., Lynett, P., and Geist, E.L., 2010, Distribution and tsunamigenic potential of submarine landslides in the Gulf of Mexico, chap. of Submarine mass movements and their consequences. Advances in natural and technological hazards research, vol 28, v. 28, p. 745-754, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3071-9_60.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"745","endPage":"754","ipdsId":"IP-013649","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345364,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a7ced4e4b0fd9b77d092c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chaytor, Jason D. jchaytor@usgs.gov","contributorId":4961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaytor","given":"Jason D.","email":"jchaytor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":6706,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Twichell, David C.","contributorId":37730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twichell","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":709087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lynett, Patrick","contributorId":196027,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lynett","given":"Patrick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Geist, Eric L. 0000-0003-0611-1150 egeist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-1150","contributorId":1956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geist","given":"Eric","email":"egeist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70192527,"text":"70192527 - 2010 - Variation in detection among passive infrared triggered-cameras used in wildlife research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-28T13:27:43","indexId":"70192527","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3139,"text":"Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variation in detection among passive infrared triggered-cameras used in wildlife research","docAbstract":"Precise and accurate estimates of demographics such as age structure, productivity, and density are necessary in determining habitat and harvest management strategies for wildlife populations. Surveys using automated cameras are becoming an increasingly popular tool for estimating these parameters. However, most camera studies fail to incorporate detection probabilities, leading to parameter underestimation. The objective of this study was to determine the sources of heterogeneity in detection for trail cameras that incorporate a passive infrared (PIR) triggering system sensitive to heat and motion. Images were collected at four baited sites within the Conecuh National Forest, Alabama, using three cameras at each site operating continuously over the same seven-day period. Detection was estimated for four groups of animals based on taxonomic group and body size. Our hypotheses of detection considered variation among bait sites and cameras. The best model (w=0.99) estimated different rates of detection for each camera in addition to different detection rates for four animal groupings. Factors that explain this variability might include poor manufacturing tolerances, variation in PIR sensitivity, animal behavior, and species-specific infrared radiation. Population surveys using trail cameras with PIR systems must incorporate detection rates for individual cameras. Incorporating time-lapse triggering systems into survey designs should eliminate issues associated with PIR systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Southeast Association of Fish and Wildlifle Agencies ","usgsCitation":"Damm, P.E., Grand, J.B., and Barnett, S.W., 2010, Variation in detection among passive infrared triggered-cameras used in wildlife research: Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, v. 64, p. 125-130.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"125","endPage":"130","ipdsId":"IP-022345","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349463,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":349462,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.seafwa.org/publications/proceedings/?id=77132"}],"volume":"64","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a610acfe4b06e28e9c256fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Damm, Philip E.","contributorId":200934,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Damm","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grand, J. Barry 0000-0002-3576-4567 barry_grand@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3576-4567","contributorId":579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grand","given":"J.","email":"barry_grand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Barry","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barnett, Steven W.","contributorId":200935,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barnett","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}