In the Colorado Plateau uranium has been produced chiefly from very shallow mines in carnotite ores (oxidized vanadiferous uranium ores) until recent deeper mining penetrated black unoxidized ores in water-saturated rocks and extensive exploration has discovered many deposits of low to nonvanadiferous ores. The uranium ores include a wide range from highly vanadiferous and from as much as one percent to a trace of copper, and contain a small amount of iron and traces of lead, zinc, molybdenum, cobalt, nickel, silver, manganese, and other metals.
\nRecent investigation indicates that the carnotite ores have been derived by progressive oxidation of primary (unoxidized) black ores that contain low-valent uranium and vanadium oxides and silicates. The uranium minerals, uraninite and coffinite, are associated with coalified wood or other carbonaceous material. The vanadium minerals, chiefly montroseite, roscoelite, and other vanadium silicates, occur in the interstices of the sandstone and in siltstone and clay pellets as well as associated with fossil wood. Calcite, dolomite, barite and minor amounts of sulfides, arsenides, and selenides occur in the unoxidized ore.
\nPartially oxidized vanadiferous ore is blue black, purplish brown, or greenish black in contrast to the black or dark gray unoxidized ore. Vanadium combines with uranium to form rauvite. The excess vanadium is present in corvusite, fernandinite, melanovanadite and many other quadrivalent and quinquevalent vanadium minerals as well as in vanadium silicates. Pyrite and part or all of the calcite are replaced by iron oxides and gypsum.
\nIn oxidized vanadiferous uranium ores the uranium is fixed in the relatively insoluble minerals carnotite and tyuyamunite, and the excess vanadium commonly combines with one or more of the following: calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, aluminum, iron, copper, manganese, or barium, or rarely it forms the hydrated pentoxide. The relatively stable vanadium silicates are little affected by oxidation.
\nThe unoxidized nonvanadiferous ores contain uraninite and coffinite in close association with coalified wood and iron and copper sulfides, and traces of many other sulfides, arsenides and selenides. The oxidized nonvanadiferous ores differ from the vanadiferous ores because, in the absence of vanadium to complex the uranium, a great variety of secondary yellow and greenish-yellow uranyl minerals are formed. The uranyl sulfates and carbonates are more common than the oxides, phosphates, arsenates, and silicates. Because the sulfates and carbonates are much less stable that carnotite, the oxidized nonvanadiferous ores occure only as halos around cores of unoxidized ore and do not form large oxidized deposits close to the surface of the ground as carnotite ores.
\nOxidation has taken place since the lowering of the water table in the present erosion cycle. Because of local structures and the highly lenticular character of the fluviatile host rocks perched water tables and water-saturated lenses of sandstone are common high above the regional water table. Unoxidized ore has been preserved in these water-saturated rocks and the boundary between oxidized and unoxidized ore is very irregular.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei583","usgsCitation":"Weeks, A., Coleman, R.G., and Thompson, M.E., 1956, Summary of the mineralogy of the Colorado Plateau uranium ores: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 583, 50 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tei583.","productDescription":"50 p.","numberOfPages":"51","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":290029,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":290028,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0583/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Colorado Plateau","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.064986,36.964627 ], [ -110.064986,37.035916 ], [ -109.936926,37.035916 ], [ -109.936926,36.964627 ], [ -110.064986,36.964627 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db6988c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weeks, Alice D.","contributorId":92730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weeks","given":"Alice D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coleman, Robert Griffin","contributorId":89527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coleman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"Griffin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, Mary E.","contributorId":67591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":71599,"text":"tei575 - 1956 - X-ray powder data for uranium and thorium minerals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-19T06:52:31","indexId":"tei575","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"575","title":"X-ray powder data for uranium and thorium minerals","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey has in preparation a comprehensive volume on the mineralogy of uranium and thorium. This work has been done as part of a continuing systematic survey of data on uranium and thorium minerals on behalf of the Division of Raw Materials, U.S. Atomic Energy Commission.
\nPending publication of this volume and in response to a widespread demand among workers in uranium and thorium mineralogy, the X-ray powder diffraction data for the known minerals that contain uranium or thorium as an essential constituent are presented here. The coverage is complete except for a few minerals for which there are no reliable data owing to lack of authentic specimens.
\nWith the exception of that for ianthinite, the new data either originated in the Geological Survey or in the Mineralogical Laboratory of Harvard University. Data from the literature or other sources were cross-checked against the files of standard patterns of these laboratories; the sources are indicated in the references. Data not accompanied by a reference were obtained from films in the Harvard Standard File and cross-checked as to the identity of the film with the Geological Survey's file.
\nMinor differences can be expected in the d-spacings reported for the same specimens by different investigators because of the manner of preparation of the mount, the conditions of X-ray irradiation, and the method of photography and measurement of the film or chart. The Harvard and Geological Survey data all were obtained from films taken in 114-mm diameter cameras, using either ethyl cellulose and toluene or collodion spindle mounts and Straumanis-type film mounting. Unless otherwise indicated all patterns were taken with copper radiation (Kα 1.5418 A.) and nickel filter and data are given in Angstrom units. The d-spacings are not corrected for film shrinkage. The correction ordinarily is small and in general is less than either the variation in spacing arising from differences in experimental technique of different investigators, including the varying absorption of samples of different thickness and concentration, or the variation attending slight changes in the chemical composition of the mineral.
\nSome uranium minerals give poor diffraction patterns. The best results are generally obtained by using relatively small diameter spindles and long exposures, with a take-off angle from teh X-ray tube of about 4°. It is sometimes advantageous to shield the film from fluorescence in the visible region excited by X-ray irradiation. Copper radiation is preferable. The patterns of a few uranium minerals are greatly impaired by heavy grinding of the sample. Light crushing of the coarse sample after mixing with about one-third its volume of coarsely powdered low-absorption glass is helpful.
\nMany uranium minerals, such as the members of the torbernite group, readily lose zeolithic water or transform to lower hydrates at or near ordinary conditions of temperature and humidity and care should be taken to control this in the manner of preservation and preparation of the sample.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei575","collaboration":"This report concerns work done on behalf of the Division of Raw Materials of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission.","usgsCitation":"Frondel, C., Riska, D., and Frondel, J.W., 1956, X-ray powder data for uranium and thorium minerals: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 575, 96 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tei575.","productDescription":"96 p.","numberOfPages":"101","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288867,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288866,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0575/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de662","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frondel, Clifford","contributorId":47002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frondel","given":"Clifford","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Riska, Daphne","contributorId":106179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riska","given":"Daphne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Frondel, Judith Weiss","contributorId":55810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frondel","given":"Judith","email":"","middleInitial":"Weiss","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":71647,"text":"tei629 - 1956 - Sources of the elements in the sandstone-type uranium deposits of the Colorado Plateau","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-15T07:37:02","indexId":"tei629","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"629","title":"Sources of the elements in the sandstone-type uranium deposits of the Colorado Plateau","docAbstract":"Sandstone-type uranium deposits of the Colorado Plateau are epigenetic. Certain elements have been added locally to the sandstone host to form the deposits; the added fraction of each element in the deposits is call extrinsic to distinguish it from the part present in the original unmineralized host. The principal extrinsic components, in their approximate order of abundance, are vanadium, iron magnesium, uranium, sulfur, arsenic, copper, lead, molbedenum, selenium, cobalt, and nickel.
\nAt lest six possible sources of the extrinsic components of the uranium deposits may be considered reasonably likely: 1) the sandstone beds enclosing the uranium deposits, 2) the marine Mancos shales of Cretaceous ages, 3) bentonitic shales of Jurassic and Triassic age, 4) petroliferous rocks of Pennsylvanian age, 5) Precambrian crystalline rocks underlying the Colorado Plateau, and 6) magmatic reservoirs of latest Cretaceous or Tertiary age. If the major source of some of the elements of external to the sandstone beds enclosing the deposits, it is likely that several sources have contributed to some if not most of the extrinsic components and that the importance of the various sources differs from one component to the next. Precambrian crystalline rocks are considered the most likely major source of the extrinsic uranium in the deposits.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei629","collaboration":"This report concerns work done on behalf of the Division of Raw Materials of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Shoemaker, E., Newman, W., and Miesch, A., 1956, Sources of the elements in the sandstone-type uranium deposits of the Colorado Plateau: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 629, 54 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tei629.","productDescription":"54 p.","numberOfPages":"55","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":290062,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0629/report.pdf"},{"id":290063,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona;Colorado;New Mexico;Utah","otherGeospatial":"Colorado Plateau","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.03,40.84 ], [ -114.03,33.76 ], [ -105.82,33.76 ], [ -105.82,40.84 ], [ -114.03,40.84 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e75e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shoemaker, Eugene M.","contributorId":59335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shoemaker","given":"Eugene M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Newman, W.L.","contributorId":63855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newman","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miesch, A.T.","contributorId":88726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miesch","given":"A.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":15056,"text":"ofr5682 - 1956 - Zinc and copper mineralization of the Vazante area, Minas Gerais, Brazil","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:03","indexId":"ofr5682","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"56-82","title":"Zinc and copper mineralization of the Vazante area, Minas Gerais, Brazil","docAbstract":"A large body of zinc and copper mineralization is exposed in a line of low hills about 5 kilometers east of the small village of Vazante in the northwestern part of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The Vazante area can be reached by roads leading north from the State of Sao Paulo, via Araxa; west from Balo Horizonte, Minas Gerais; and south from Paracatu, Minas Gerais.\r\n\r\nThe deposit is in branching, sub-parallel fault breccia zones. Calamine (H2Zn2SiO5), and willomite (ZnSiO4), along with small quantities of smithsonite (ZnCO3), form the matrix of the fault breccia. The zinc mineralization is cut by narrow veins of chalcocite in platy crystal aggregate thought to be pseudomorphous after covellite. The chalcocite veins contain small quantities of sphalterite, galena, covellite and calamine.\r\n\r\nFaults that contain breccia zones displace shale and dolomite. The sedimentary rocks are thought to be Silurian in age. The fault breccia zones have a regional trend of N 40 degrees E and crop out over a strike length of more than four kilometers. The mineralization of the fault zones was observed to continue to the north for an additional four kilometers. The mineralized fault breccia zones range from a few meters to 60 meters in width. A large ore body is indicated that from available samples may average 35 percent zinc.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr5682","usgsCitation":"Moore, S.L., 1956, Zinc and copper mineralization of the Vazante area, Minas Gerais, Brazil: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 56-82, 23 p. :maps (some folded) ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5682.","productDescription":"23 p. :maps (some folded) ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147753,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0082/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":43971,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0082/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":43972,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0082/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":43973,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0082/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":43974,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0082/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":43975,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0082/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4794e4b07f02db48d06c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, Samuel L.","contributorId":88727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":15685,"text":"ofr56103 - 1956 - Geology and ore deposits of the Whitepine area, Tomichi mining district, Gunnison County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:58","indexId":"ofr56103","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"56-103","title":"Geology and ore deposits of the Whitepine area, Tomichi mining district, Gunnison County, Colorado","docAbstract":"The Tomichi mining district is on the western slope of the Continental Divide near the southern end of the Sawatch Range in southeastern Gunnison County, Colorado. The most productive part of the Tomichi district was the Whitepine area. It is estimated that since the discovery of ore in 1879 the area has produced approximately $7,000,000, principally in lead and zinc, with lesser amounts of silver, copper, and gold.\r\n\r\nGeologically, the Whitepine area is a faulted syncline of Paleozoic rocks that was intruded by Tertiary igneous rocks. The oldest rock of the area is the Silver Plume granite of pre-Cambrian age. Deposited upon this successively were the Sawatch quartzite (Late Cambrian), Manitou dolomite (Early Ordovician), Harding quartzite (Middle Ordovician), Fremont dolomite (Lade Ordovician), Chaffee formation (Late Devonian), Leadville limestone (Late Mississippian), and Beldon shale (Late Pennsylvanian); a total thickness of about 1,450 feet.\r\n\r\nDuring the Laramide Revolution, the sedimentary rocks were folded into a broad northward-plunging syncline, faulted, and intruded by a series of igneous rocks. The igneous rocks, in order of relative age from oldest to youngest, are: a rhyolite stock, the Princeton quartz monzonite batholith, quartz monzonite or quartz latite porphyry dikes, and rhyolite or pitchstone porphyry dikes.\r\n\r\nThe ore deposits of the Whitepine area may be classified into replacement deposits, vein deposits, and contact metamorphic deposits. The replacement deposits may be further subdivided into deposits along faults and bedded deposits. Of the types of deposits, the most productive have been the replacement deposits along faults. The major replacement deposits along faults are those of the Akron, Morning Star, and Victor mines. The ore deposits of these mines are in the foot wall of the Star faults in the Akron mine in the Manitou dolomite and in the Morning Star and Victor mines in the Leadville limestone. The chief bedded replacement deposits are those of the Erie, North Star, and Tenderfoot mines. In the Erie mine the ore deposits are in the Leadville limestone at, or just below, its contact with the Belden shale. In the North Star and Tenderfoot mines the ore bodies are in the Manitou dolomite along the crest of an anticline and the trough of a syncline, respectively. The vein deposits occur in the Silver Plume granite, Princeton quartz monzonite, and Paleozoic sedimentary rocks. The only vein of commercial importance was that of the Spar Copper mine, which is in the Silver Plume granite. Contact metamorphic minerals are found chiefly in the top of the Leadville limestone in the vicinity of the Erie mine, and in the limestone of the Belden shale. Magnetite is the only ore mineral and it was produced only from the Iron King mine. The replacement deposits consist, in general, of sphalerite, galena, pyrite, and chalcopyrite in a gangue of siliclfied limestone or dolomite, quartz, and calcite. The veins, for the most part, consist of pyrite and quartz with only minor amounts of galena, sphalerite, and chalcopyrite. In both types of deposits gold is believed to be associated with the pyrite and sphalerite and silver with the galena. Oxidized ore was the chief product of the early mining. This ore consists of calamine, cerussite, smithsonite, or anglesite, or a combination of these minerals, in a gangue of siliceous limestone or silicified limestone or dolomite. Oxidation did not extend, in most cases, for more than 150 feetbelow the surface.\r\n\r\nThe ore deposits are believed to be genetically related to the Princeton quartz monzonite batholith. Ore-bearing solutions derived from the cooling of magma are believed to have migrated upwards along the pre-existing faults replacing favorable zones in the sedimentary rocks, or depositing quartz and ore minerals in open fissures in the igneous rocks.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr56103","usgsCitation":"Robinson, C., 1956, Geology and ore deposits of the Whitepine area, Tomichi mining district, Gunnison County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 56-103, 255 p. ill., maps ;30 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr56103.","productDescription":"255 p. ill., maps ;30 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147874,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0103/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":44661,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0103/plate-01.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":44662,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0103/plate-02.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":44663,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0103/plate-03.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":44664,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0103/plate-04.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":44665,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0103/plate-05.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":44666,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0103/plate-06.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":44667,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0103/plate-07.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":44668,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0103/plate-08.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":44669,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0103/plate-09.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":44670,"rank":409,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0103/plate-10.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":44671,"rank":410,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0103/plate-11.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":44672,"rank":411,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0103/plate-12.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":44673,"rank":412,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0103/plate-13.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":44674,"rank":413,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0103/plate-14.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":44675,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0103/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db684346","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, Charles Sherwood 0000-0002-7623-2380","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7623-2380","contributorId":71163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Charles Sherwood","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":171549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":15082,"text":"ofr5684 - 1956 - U.S. Geological Survey exploration program in the Trixie area, East Tintic mining district, Utah County, Utah","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":15082,"text":"ofr5684 - 1956 - U.S. Geological Survey exploration program in the Trixie area, East Tintic mining district, Utah County, Utah","indexId":"ofr5684","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"title":"U.S. Geological Survey exploration program in the Trixie area, East Tintic mining district, Utah County, Utah"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":6190,"text":"pp1024 - 1979 - General geology and mines of the East Tintic mining district, Utah and Juab counties, Utah, with sections on the geology of the Burgin mine and the geology of the Trixie mine","indexId":"pp1024","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"title":"General geology and mines of the East Tintic mining district, Utah and Juab counties, Utah, with sections on the geology of the Burgin mine and the geology of the Trixie mine"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":6190,"text":"pp1024 - 1979 - General geology and mines of the East Tintic mining district, Utah and Juab counties, Utah, with sections on the geology of the Burgin mine and the geology of the Trixie mine","indexId":"pp1024","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"title":"General geology and mines of the East Tintic mining district, Utah and Juab counties, Utah, with sections on the geology of the Burgin mine and the geology of the Trixie mine"},"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-02T15:10:17.300113","indexId":"ofr5684","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"56-84","title":"U.S. Geological Survey exploration program in the Trixie area, East Tintic mining district, Utah County, Utah","docAbstract":"The Trixie area is in the south central part of the East Tintic mining district, Utah, and is believed to include the intersections of several mineralized pebble dike-fissure zones and a major, easterly trending fault. The fissure-fault intersections, which are considered to be favorable ore-locallizing structures, are concealed by lavas and tuffs several hundred feet thick that are strongly bleached and altered and which contain positive geochemical anomalies.
During the summer months of 1954 and 1955 for the U. S. Geological Survey, under contract, 9 exploration holes were drilled in the Trixie area: 1) to investigate the relations of surface geochemical anomalies to possible concealed ore, 2) to determine the structure and stratigraphic units in the sedimentary rocks concealed beneath the lava, and 3) to further develop and refine geologic and geochemical techniques that may be useful in prospecting for concealed ore deposits in the East Tintic and other mining districts.
This report briefly discusses the geology, hydrothermal alteration, and geochemical and geophysical anomalies in the Trixie area and presents the logs of the drill holes and tables of the copper, lead, zinc, and silver content, expressed in parts per million, of the drill cuttings and drill core.
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The Katalla area herein defined lies in the Cordova A-1, A-2, B-1, and B-2 quadrangles (fig. 1), and encompasses most of the area considered as the Katalla district by previous investigators. This report describes the engineering geolocy of the Katalla segment of a proposed highway from Mile 39 on the Copper River Highway to Icy Bay, approximately 110 miles east of the town of Katalla. The completion of this highway and the Copper River Highway from Mile 39 to Chitin& will tie the Katalla and Cordova areas into the Alaska Highway net and the Alaska Railroad.
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1956 - Report on the properties of the Amergosa Molybdenum and Copper Corporation, Pima County, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:33","indexId":"ofr4550","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"45-50","title":"Report on the properties of the Amergosa Molybdenum and Copper Corporation, Pima County, Arizona","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr4550","usgsCitation":"Anderson, C.A., and Kupfer, D., 1956, Report on the properties of the Amergosa Molybdenum and Copper Corporation, Pima County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 45-50, 29 leaves : maps (some folded) ;29 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr4550.","productDescription":"29 leaves : maps (some folded) ;29 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":144923,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1945/0050/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":40697,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1945/0050/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40698,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1945/0050/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40699,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1945/0050/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40700,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1945/0050/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40701,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1945/0050/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40702,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1945/0050/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40703,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1945/0050/plate-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40704,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1945/0050/plate-8.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40705,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1945/0050/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db684f85","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Charles A.","contributorId":81108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":166156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kupfer, D.H.","contributorId":83935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kupfer","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":166157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":47345,"text":"b1027H - 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","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to economic geology, 1955","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b1027H","usgsCitation":"Peterson, N.P., and Swanson, R.W., 1956, Geology of the Christmas copper mine, Gila County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1027, Report: 23 p.; 11 Plates: 22.31 x 26.91 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/b1027H.","productDescription":"Report: 23 p.; 11 Plates: 22.31 x 26.91 inches or smaller","startPage":"351","endPage":"373","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":500126,"rank":14,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_20580.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":99946,"rank":13,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1027h/plate-43.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":99942,"rank":9,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1027h/plate-39.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":99941,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1027h/plate-38.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":99939,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1027h/plate-36.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":99938,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1027h/plate-35.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":99945,"rank":12,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1027h/plate-42.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":99940,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1027h/plate-37.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":99936,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1027h/plate-33.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":94029,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1027h/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":171937,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1027h/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":99944,"rank":11,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1027h/plate-41.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":99943,"rank":10,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1027h/plate-40.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":99937,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1027h/plate-34.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Gila County","otherGeospatial":"Christmas copper mine","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.754,\n 33.15\n ],\n [\n -110.754,\n 33.2\n ],\n [\n -110.841,\n 33.2\n ],\n [\n -110.841,\n 33.15\n ],\n [\n -110.754,\n 33.15\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad4e4b07f02db68301f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, N. 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P.","contributorId":81505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albers","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":10517,"text":"ofr5691 - 1956 - Permafrost and ground-water conditions in the Glennallen area, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-08T18:28:57.089939","indexId":"ofr5691","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"56-91","title":"Permafrost and ground-water conditions in the Glennallen area, Alaska","docAbstract":"This report is an outgrowth of permafrost and geologic field studies now in progress in the southeastern Copper River basin, Alaska and is in response to inquiries for information on permafrost and ground-water conditions. Various private and governmental groups have encountered severe differential settlement of building foundations on permafrost, and consequent maintenance problems. Settlement and expansion of communities in the area also have been retarded by the apparent lack of a ready and large source of potable water. The information below is presented to make available data on permafrost and ground-water conditions for the benefit of those undertaking construction projects in the area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr5691","usgsCitation":"Nichols, D.R., 1956, Permafrost and ground-water conditions in the Glennallen area, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 56-91, Report: 12 p.; 2 Plates: 10.44 x 11.78 inches and 21.99 x 12.42 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5691.","productDescription":"Report: 12 p.; 2 Plates: 10.44 x 11.78 inches and 21.99 x 12.42 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":428545,"rank":5,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0091/Figure-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":428544,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0091/Figure-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":144095,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0091/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":428543,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1956/0091/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":406719,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_7914.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Glenallen area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -145.533,\n 62.0830\n ],\n [\n -145.45,\n 62.0830\n ],\n [\n -145.45,\n 62.167\n ],\n [\n -145.533,\n 62.167\n ],\n [\n -145.533,\n 62.0830\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688450","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, Donald R.","contributorId":83129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":71460,"text":"tei426 - 1956 - Distribution of uranium in the Bisbee district, Cochise County, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-19T06:37:01","indexId":"tei426","displayToPublicDate":"1957-01-01T11:08:31","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"426","title":"Distribution of uranium in the Bisbee district, Cochise County, Arizona","docAbstract":"The Bisbee district has been an important source of copper for many years, and substantial amounts of lead and zinc ore and minor amounts of manganese ore have been mined during certain periods. The copper deposits occur both as low-grade disseminated ore in the Sacramento Hill stock and as massive sulfide (and secondary oxide and carbonate) replacement bodies in Paleozoic limestones that are intruded by the stock and related igneous bodies. The lead-zinc production has come almost entirely from limestone replacement bodies.
\nThe disseminated ore exhibits no anomalous radioactivity, and samples from the Lavender pit contain from 0.002 to less than 0.001 percent equivalent uranium. The limestone replacement ores are distinctly radioactive and stoping areas can be readily distinguished from from unmineralized ground on the basis of radioactivity alone. The equivalent uranium content of the copper replacement ores ranges from 0.002 to 0.014 percent and averages about 0.005 percent; the lead-zinc replacement ores average more than 0.007 percent equivalent uranium.
\nMost of the uranium in the copper ores of the district is retained in the smelter slag of a residual concentrate; the slag contains about 0.009 percent equivalent uranium. Uranium carried off each day by acid mine drainage is roughly equal to 1 percent of that being added to the slag dump. Although the total amount of uranium in the district is large, no minable concentrations of ore-grade material are known; samples of relatively high-grade material represent only small fractions of tons at any one locality.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei426","usgsCitation":"Wallace, S., 1956, Distribution of uranium in the Bisbee district, Cochise County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 426, Report: 33 p.; 2 Plates: 11.92 x 11.52 inches and 15.90 x 14.18 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/tei426.","productDescription":"Report: 33 p.; 2 Plates: 11.92 x 11.52 inches and 15.90 x 14.18 inches","numberOfPages":"34","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288858,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288856,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0426/figure-3.pdf"},{"id":288857,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0426/report.pdf"},{"id":288855,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0426/figure-2.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Cochise County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.4609,31.3325 ], [ -110.4609,32.4277 ], [ -109.0476,32.4277 ], [ -109.0476,31.3325 ], [ -110.4609,31.3325 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5396d766e4b0f7580bc0a8ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wallace, Stewart R.","contributorId":53371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"Stewart R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":71634,"text":"tei614 - 1956 - Volumetric determination of uranium using titanous sulfate as reductant before oxidimetric titration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-15T07:02:13","indexId":"tei614","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T15:16:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"614","title":"Volumetric determination of uranium using titanous sulfate as reductant before oxidimetric titration","docAbstract":"A new method for determining uranium in samples containing 0.05 percent or more U3O8, using titanous sulfate as reducing agent, is much shorter, faster, and has fewer interferences than conventional methods using reductor columns.
\nThe sample is dissolved with sulfuric, nitric, perchloric, and hydrofluoric acids. Elements that would otherwise form insoluble fluorides are kept in solution by complexing the fluoride ion with boric acid. A precipitation is made with cupferron to remove interfering elements. The solution is filtered to remove the precipitated cupferrates instead of extracting them with chloroform as is usually done. Filtration is preferred to extraction because any niobium that may be in solution forms an insoluble cupferrate that may be removed by filtering but is very difficult to extract with chloroform.
\nExcess cupferron is destroyed by oxidizing with nitric and perchloric acids, and evaporating to dense fumes of sulfuric acid. The uranium is reduced to U(IV) by the addition of titanous sulfate, with cupric sulfate used as an indicator of the completeness of the reduction. Metallic copper is formed when all the uranium is reduced. The reduced copper is then reoxidized by the addition of mercuric perchlorate, an excess of ferric sulfate added, and the solution titrated immediately with standard ceric sulfate with ferroin as an indicator.
\nPrecision of the method compared favorable with methods in common use, both for uranium ores and for most types of uranium-rich materials.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei614","collaboration":"This report concerns work done on behalf of the Division of Raw Materials of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Wahlberg, J.S., Skinner, D.L., and Rader, L., 1956, Volumetric determination of uranium using titanous sulfate as reductant before oxidimetric titration: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 614, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tei614.","productDescription":"20 p.","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":290045,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":290044,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0614/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae78a0e4b0abf75cf2db8c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wahlberg, James S.","contributorId":10481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wahlberg","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Skinner, Dwight L.","contributorId":56559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skinner","given":"Dwight","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rader, Lewis F.","contributorId":77238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rader","given":"Lewis F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70098413,"text":"tei432 - 1956 - Geology and ore deposits of the Chicago Creek area, Clear Creek County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-11T14:37:34","indexId":"tei432","displayToPublicDate":"1956-01-01T09:56:00","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"432","title":"Geology and ore deposits of the Chicago Creek area, Clear Creek County, Colorado","docAbstract":"The Chicago Creek area, Clear Creek County, Colo., forms part of the Front Range mineral belt, which is a northeast-trending belt of coextensive porphyry intrusive rocks and hydrothermal veins of Tertiary age. More than $4.5 million worth of gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, and uranium was produced from the mines in the area between 1859 and 1954. This investigation was made by the Geological survey on behalf of the Division of Raw Materials of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission.
\n
\n
The bedrock in the area is Precambrian and consists of igneous rocks, some of which have been metamorphosed , and metasedimentary rocks. The metasedimentary rocks include biotite-quartz-plagioclase gneiss that is locally garnetiferous, sillimanitic biotite-quartz gneiss, amphibolite, and lime-silicate gneiss. Rocks that may be metasedimentary or meta-igneous are quartz monzonite gneiss and granite gneiss and pegmatite. The granite gneiss and pegmatite locally form a migmatite with the biotitic metasedimentary rocks. These older rocks have been intruded by granodiorite, quartz, and granite pegmatite. During Tertiary time the Precambrian rocks were invaded by dikes and plugs of quartz monzonite porphyry, alaskite porphyry, granite porphyry, monzonite porphyry, bostonite and garnetiferous bostonite porphyry, quartz bostonite porphyry, trachytic granite porphyry, and biotite-quartz latite-porphyry.
\nSolifluction debris of Wisconsin age forms sheets filling some of the high basins, covering some of the steep slopes, and filling parts of some of the valleys; talus and talus slides of Wisconsin age rest of or are mixed with solifluction debris in some of the high basins. Recent and/or Pleistocene alluvium is present along valley flats of the larger streams and gulches.
\nTwo periods of Precambrian folding can be recognized in the area. The older folding crumpled the metasedimentary rocks into a series of upright and overturned north-northeast plunging anticlines and synclines. Quartz monzonite gneiss, granite gneiss and pegmatite, granodiorite, and quartz diorite and associated hornblendite are metamorphosed during this period. The second period of folding appears to have been the reflection at depth of faulting nearer the surface; it resulted in crushing as well as some folding of the already folded rocks into terrace and monoclinal folds that plunge gently east-northeast. The biotite-muscovite granite, which is the youngest major Precambrian rock unit, is both concordant (phacolithic) and crosscutting along the older fold system and has been fractured by the younger fold system.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei432","collaboration":"This report concerns work done on behalf of the Division of Raw Materials of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Harrison, J.E., and Wells, J.D., 1956, Geology and ore deposits of the Chicago Creek area, Clear Creek County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 432, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tei432.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":285841,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0432/report.pdf"},{"id":284139,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tei432.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Clear Creek County","otherGeospatial":"Chicago Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.927057,39.564453 ], [ -105.927057,39.852061 ], [ -105.394554,39.852061 ], [ -105.394554,39.564453 ], [ -105.927057,39.564453 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5355946ee4b0120853e8bfd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harrison, J. E.","contributorId":54532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrison","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wells, J. D.","contributorId":58647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":34684,"text":"b1015G - 1955 - Zinc-lead-copper resources and general geology of the Upper Mississippi Valley district","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":34684,"text":"b1015G - 1955 - Zinc-lead-copper resources and general geology of the Upper Mississippi Valley district","indexId":"b1015G","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"chapter":"G","title":"Zinc-lead-copper resources and general geology of the Upper Mississippi Valley district"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33159,"text":"b1015 - 1954 - Contributions to economic geology, 1954","indexId":"b1015","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"title":"Contributions to economic geology, 1954"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":50930,"text":"ofr5168 - 1951 - Index maps of the Wisconsin-Illinois-Iowa lead-zinc mining district","indexId":"ofr5168","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"title":"Index maps of the Wisconsin-Illinois-Iowa lead-zinc mining district"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":34684,"text":"b1015G - 1955 - Zinc-lead-copper resources and general geology of the Upper Mississippi Valley district","indexId":"b1015G","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"chapter":"G","title":"Zinc-lead-copper resources and general geology of the Upper Mississippi Valley district"},"id":2},{"subject":{"id":55520,"text":"ofr4557 - 1945 - Zinc deposits of the Meekers Grove (Jenkinsville) area of the Wisconsin zinc-lead district","indexId":"ofr4557","publicationYear":"1945","noYear":false,"title":"Zinc deposits of the Meekers Grove (Jenkinsville) area of the Wisconsin zinc-lead district"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":34684,"text":"b1015G - 1955 - Zinc-lead-copper resources and general geology of the Upper Mississippi Valley district","indexId":"b1015G","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"chapter":"G","title":"Zinc-lead-copper resources and general geology of the Upper Mississippi Valley district"},"id":3}],"isPartOf":{"id":33159,"text":"b1015 - 1954 - Contributions to economic geology, 1954","indexId":"b1015","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"title":"Contributions to economic geology, 1954"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-08T13:56:17","indexId":"b1015G","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1015","chapter":"G","title":"Zinc-lead-copper resources and general geology of the Upper Mississippi Valley district","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to economic geology, 1954","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/b1015G","usgsCitation":"Heyl, A.V., Lyons, E., Agnew, A., and Behre, C.H., 1955, Zinc-lead-copper resources and general geology of the Upper Mississippi Valley district: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1015, p. 227-245, ill., maps (part fold. in pocket) ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1015G.","productDescription":"p. 227-245, ill., maps (part fold. in pocket) ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":332937,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1015g/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":109141,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_20549.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"20549"},{"id":266251,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1015g/plate-1.jpg"},{"id":166354,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1015g/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d5e4b07f02db5ddd86","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heyl, Allen Van","contributorId":91078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heyl","given":"Allen","email":"","middleInitial":"Van","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":213401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lyons, E.J.","contributorId":96320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":213402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Agnew, A.F.","contributorId":81157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agnew","given":"A.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":213400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Behre, C. H. Jr.","contributorId":68366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Behre","given":"C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":213399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":33640,"text":"b1036A - 1955 - Rapid field and laboratory method for the determination of copper in soil and rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:26","indexId":"b1036A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1036","chapter":"A","title":"Rapid field and laboratory method for the determination of copper in soil and rocks","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/b1036A","usgsCitation":"Almond, H., 1955, Rapid field and laboratory method for the determination of copper in soil and rocks: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1036, p. 1-8, ill. ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1036A.","productDescription":"p. 1-8, ill. ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163971,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1036a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":61558,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1036a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db6493f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Almond, Hy","contributorId":50138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Almond","given":"Hy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":211712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":71458,"text":"tei424 - 1955 - Geology of the Copper King uranium mine, Larimer County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-20T13:52:45","indexId":"tei424","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"424","title":"Geology of the Copper King uranium mine, Larimer County, Colorado","docAbstract":"The Copper King mine in Larimer County, Colo., in the northern part of the Front Range of Colorado, was opened in World War I in an unsuccessful attempt to mine copper and zinc ore. In 1949, following the discovery of pitchblende on the dump, the mine was reopened, and it was worked until 1953 for uranium. A total of 652 tons of ore that contained an average of 0.28 percent U3O8 was shipped.
\nThe bedrock consists predominantly of biotite granite, part of the Precamblian Log Cabin batholith, and minor metasedimentary rocks -- biotite-quartz-plagioclase gneiss, amphibole skarn, biotite schist, quartzite, amphibolite, and biotite sköls. The metasedimentary rocks occur as inclusions that trend northeast, essentially parallel to the prevailing foliation in the granite. In places the metasedimentary rocks are crosscut sharply by the granite and form angular, steep-walled blocks in the granite. Faults, confined to a narrow easterly-trending zone through the mine, cut all the Precambrian rocks.
\nMineral deposits of two types are present at the mines 1) sulfide-magnetite ore and 2) a uranium deposit in a filled fissure that cuts the skarn. The sulfide-magnetite deposits are small and consist of pyrite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, and at places magnetite. Alpha-helium age determinations on ore magnetite by Hurley indicate that the mineral assemblage is late Precambrian in age. The deposits are pyrometasomatic in origin and possibly related to the granite.
\nThe uranium deposit consists of pitchblende and associated vein-forming minerals that occur in the Copper King fault and locally in pyrite boxwork adjacent to the fault. Three phases of black pitchblende have been identified -- uraninite, \"coffinite\", and UO3-rich pitchblend. Colored secondary minerals are absent. The pitchblende occurs in a steeply plunging, tabular shoot between 45 and 135 feet below the surface that has a horizontal length of about 50 feet. Within the shoot the pitchblende occurs in pods or layers generally only a few feet in height and length and as much as a foot thick that are separated by nearly barren vein. The grade of the ore within the pods ranges from 0.2 percent uranium to as much as 20 percent but averages about 1 to 2 percent. Age determinations by the Pb206/U238 and Pb207/U235 methods on two samples of hard pitchblende from the vein, not from the pyrite boxwork, gave ages by the two methods after suitable common lead corrections, ranging from 55 to 76 million years, corresponding to an early Tertiary age.
\nDiamond core drilling and reconnaissance for radioactivity have not disclosed other uranium deposits the Prairie Divide region; nevertheless, it seems likely that other deposits are present.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/tei424","collaboration":"This report concerns work done on behalf of the Division of Raw Materials of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Sims, P.K., Phair, G., and Moench, R.H., 1955, Geology of the Copper King uranium mine, Larimer County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 424, Report: 60 p.; 2 Plates: 31.34 x 27.27 inches, 26.92 x 23.06 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/tei424.","productDescription":"Report: 60 p.; 2 Plates: 31.34 x 27.27 inches, 26.92 x 23.06 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":310187,"rank":302,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/424/plate-2.pdf","text":"Plate 2","size":"6.25 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 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Paul Kibler","contributorId":26759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sims","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"Kibler","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phair, George","contributorId":91512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phair","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moench, Robert Hadley","contributorId":28238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moench","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"Hadley","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":15719,"text":"ofr55154 - 1955 - Ore deposits on northwestern Chichagof Island, Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":15719,"text":"ofr55154 - 1955 - Ore deposits on northwestern Chichagof Island, Alaska","indexId":"ofr55154","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"title":"Ore deposits on northwestern Chichagof Island, Alaska"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":47366,"text":"b1058E - 1959 - Geology and ore deposits of northwestern Chichagof Island, Alaska","indexId":"b1058E","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Geology and ore deposits of northwestern Chichagof Island, Alaska"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":47366,"text":"b1058E - 1959 - Geology and ore deposits of northwestern Chichagof Island, Alaska","indexId":"b1058E","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and ore deposits of northwestern Chichagof Island, Alaska"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-27T23:07:18.114605","indexId":"ofr55154","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"55-154","title":"Ore deposits on northwestern Chichagof Island, Alaska","docAbstract":"The area mapped includes most of northwestern Chichagof Island. The work, started in 1946, is a continuation of the geologic mapping done in the adjoining Chichagof mining district by Reed and Coats. The gold-bearing zone recognized by these writers continues through the area mapped by the writer to the northern shore of Chichagof Island.
Stratified rocks ranging in age from Paleozoic through Early Cretaceous were intruded by gabbro, quartz diorite, norite-gabbro, and by younger quartz diorite.
The igneous rocks from oldest to youngest are: gabbro, diorite, quartz diorite, the rocks associated with the nickel deposits, which include gabbro-norite and quartz diorite, and basalt. The diorite is believed to have been formed during Early Cretaceous time, and the gabbro is older by an unknown amount. The gabbro and diorite are believed to be, over large areas, recrystallized older rock. The oldest group of quartz diorite intrusives in places cuts the diorite and is therefore younger. The quartz diorite is minerally somewhat foliated and slightly metamorphosed.
The igneous rocks associated with the nickel deposits are the youngest of the major igneous rock groups. They intruded the Cretaceous graywacke after it had been folded to essentially its present position.
Gold is the most economically important mineral commodity mined to date. The Apex and El Nido are the two largest mines in the area, but some gold has been recovered from the Goldwin and Cobol properties and small amounts from some other small prospects. In addition to gold the area includes nickel-bearing deposits at Mirror Harbor on Chichagof Island and at Bohemia Basin on Yakobi Island. Copper mineralization occurs in the area north of Goulding Harbor.
An attempt has been made to outline areas favorable for prospecting based on the regional geology and, on the number and kind of quartz veins found. In general the best area for prospecting appears to be on a northwest-trending zone which extends from the head Pinta Bay to the northern end of Althorp Peninsula.
No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to economic geology, 1955","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b1027F","usgsCitation":"Creasey, S., and Quick, G., 1955, Copper deposits of part of Helvetia mining district, Pima County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1027, Report: 23 p.; 5 Plates: 25.50 x 33.09 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/b1027F.","productDescription":"Report: 23 p.; 5 Plates: 25.50 x 33.09 inches or smaller","startPage":"301","endPage":"323","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":109163,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_20579.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"20579"},{"id":171935,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1027f/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":99929,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1027f/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":99930,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1027f/plate-28.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":99931,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1027f/plate-29.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":99932,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1027f/plate-30.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":99933,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1027f/plate-31.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":99934,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1027f/plate-32.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Pima County","otherGeospatial":"Helvetia mining district","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.238,\n 31.898\n ],\n [\n -110.238,\n 31.838\n ],\n [\n -110.172,\n 31.838\n ],\n [\n -110.172,\n 31.898\n ],\n [\n -110.238,\n 31.898\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685b86","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Creasey, S.C.","contributorId":36109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Creasey","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quick, G.L.","contributorId":102126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quick","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":51828,"text":"ofr5563 - 1955 - Ground-water conditions between Oracle and Oracle Junction, Pinal County, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-09T14:00:45","indexId":"ofr5563","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"55-63","title":"Ground-water conditions between Oracle and Oracle Junction, Pinal County, Arizona","docAbstract":"The development of the San Manuel copper prospect has greatly increased traffic along State Highway 77. Considerable interest in commercial possibilities along that road has resulted in a request by the Arizona State Land Department for information about the ground-water conditions between Oracle and Oracle Junction. This request came too late for information to be included in a recently completed memorandum report on the occurrence of ground water in the vicinity of Oracle, released in February 1955. These data are presented as a supplement to that report to minimized duplication of statements about the general geologic and hydrologic conditions. The necessary well data and sample descriptions that were not included in the Oracle report are shown in tables 3 and 4.
\nThe area discussed in this supplement comprises parts of Tps. 9 and 10 S., Rs. 13, 14, and 15 E., and includes about 90 square miles (fig. 3). The eastern portion overlaps part of the area covered by the earlier report.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Tucson, AZ","doi":"10.3133/ofr5563","collaboration":"A supplement to \"Memorandum on geology and ground-water resources in the vicinity of Oracle, Pinal County, Arizona.\" Prepared in cooperation with Arizona State Land Department, Roger Ernst, Commissioner","usgsCitation":"Heindl, L., 1955, Ground-water conditions between Oracle and Oracle Junction, Pinal County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 55-63, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5563.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":289676,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289675,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0063/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Pinal County","city":"Oracle;Oracle Junction","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.975151,32.539636 ], [ -110.975151,32.651248 ], [ -110.740825,32.651248 ], [ -110.740825,32.539636 ], [ -110.975151,32.539636 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66d300","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heindl, L.A.","contributorId":52150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heindl","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":39125,"text":"pp273 - 1955 - Geology and mineral deposits of the Boleo copper district, Baja California, Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:54","indexId":"pp273","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"273","title":"Geology and mineral deposits of the Boleo copper district, Baja California, Mexico","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp273","usgsCitation":"Wilson, I., and Rocha, V., 1955, Geology and mineral deposits of the Boleo copper district, Baja California, Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 273, 134 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp273.","productDescription":"134 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":113342,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0273/report.pdf","size":"31511","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113343,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0273/plate-01.pdf","size":"10750","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113344,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0273/plate-02.pdf","size":"2133","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113345,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0273/plate-03.pdf","size":"4832","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113346,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0273/plate-04.pdf","size":"2420","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113347,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0273/plate-05.pdf","size":"1876","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113348,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0273/plate-06.pdf","size":"1886","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113349,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0273/plate-07.pdf","size":"1342","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113350,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0273/plate-08.pdf","size":"1618","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113351,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0273/plate-09.pdf","size":"4543","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113352,"rank":409,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0273/plate-10.pdf","size":"2382","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113353,"rank":410,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0273/plate-11.pdf","size":"1410","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":165623,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0273/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db6851bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, I.F.","contributorId":7756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"I.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rocha, V.S.","contributorId":18431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocha","given":"V.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":221000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70048360,"text":"tei357 - 1955 - Relation of uranium to hypogene mineral zoning in the Front Range mineral belt, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-07T10:48:37","indexId":"tei357","displayToPublicDate":"1955-03-07T14:12:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"357","title":"Relation of uranium to hypogene mineral zoning in the Front Range mineral belt, Colorado","docAbstract":"Many of the mining districts of the Colorado Front Range mineral belt contain mesothermal sulfide ores that exhibit a zonal distribution. Present data indicate that in most of the zoned districts pitchblende and/or secondary uranium minerals are most abundant in a transition zone between central areas containing predominantly pyritic gold ores and peripheral areas containing dominantly lead-zinc-silver deposits. Copper in the form of chalcopyrite is also probably more abundant in the transition zone than in adjacent zones. Many mineralized areas in the Front Range mineral belt are roughly co-extensive with and probably related to groups of Tertiary intrusives. The solutions that deposited sulfide and pitchblende in these areas probably were derived from many different types of source magma, but some bostonite magmas were probably particularly important sources of uranium-bearing solutions. At most localities where the relative ages of pitchblende and associated sulfides are known, the pitchblende is early in the paragenetic sequence, and not of intermediate age as suggested by its zonal position. This discrepancy may be the result of overlapping zones of deposition related to adjacent centers of mineralization, to changing environments of deposition within zones during the period of mineralization, or to unknown factors. Uranium is also present in districts in which the dominant mineralization is markedly different from the common pyritic gold-base metal sulfide mineralization. In the Jamestown district uranium appears to be associated'.mainly with fluorspar;, in other districts that exhibit little or no systematic hypogene zoning) it is ubiquitous. If uranium is present in zoned districts, a large proportion of she deposits probably should be in the transition zones. The application of this concept may be a valuable guide in prospecting for\nuranium.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei357","collaboration":"This report concerns work done on behalf of the Division of Raw Materials of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Wallace, S.R., Leonard, B.F., and Campbell, R.H., 1955, Relation of uranium to hypogene mineral zoning in the Front Range mineral belt, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 357, Report: 43 p.; Plate 1: 42.17 inches x 55.88 inches; Plate 2: 20.87 inches x 20.14 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/tei357.","productDescription":"Report: 43 p.; Plate 1: 42.17 inches x 55.88 inches; Plate 2: 20.87 inches x 20.14 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":278013,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/357/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":279524,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/357/plate-1.pdf"},{"id":279525,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/357/plate-2.pdf"},{"id":279523,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/357/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona;Colorado","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.2,35.3 ], [ -114.2,40.1663 ], [ -105.5566,40.1663 ], [ -105.5566,35.3 ], [ -114.2,35.3 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"524162e8e4b0ec672f073afc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wallace, Stewart Raynor","contributorId":53396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"Stewart","email":"","middleInitial":"Raynor","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leonard, B. F.","contributorId":32911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leonard","given":"B.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Campbell, R. H.","contributorId":52160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70048371,"text":"tei561 - 1955 - Uranium deposits at the Jomac mine, White Canyon area, San Juan County, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-22T09:24:08","indexId":"tei561","displayToPublicDate":"1955-01-07T10:03:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"561","title":"Uranium deposits at the Jomac mine, White Canyon area, San Juan County, Utah","docAbstract":"The Jomac mine is in the White Canyon area. San Juan County, Utah, about 13 miles northeast of the town of White Canyon, Utah. The mine is owned by the Ellihill Mining Company, White Canyon, Utah. Mine workings consist pf two adits connected by a crosscut. Two hundred feet of exploratory drifting and 2,983.5 feet of exploratory core drilling were completed during 1953 by the owners with Defense Minerals Exploration Administration assistance. Sedimentary rocks exposed in the area of the Jomac mine are of Permian to Late Triassic age, having a combined thickness of more than 1,700 feet. An ancient channel, from 200 to 400 feet wide and about 4 feet deep, enters the mine area from the southwest, swinging abruptly northwest near the mine workings and continuing to the northern tip of the Jomac Hillo This channel was cut into the upper beds of the Moenkopi formation and filled in part by Chinle and in part by Shinarump sediments. This channel is marked by depressions that apparently were scoured into its floor; a tributary channel may have joined it from the southeast at a point near the mine workings. Chinle beds Intertongue with Shinarump beds along the southwestern part of the channel. After the main channel was partly filled by siltstone of the Chinle formation, the stream was apparently diverted into the tributary channel, and scours were cut into\nthe Chinle siltstone and filled by Shina'rump sandstone, conglomerate, and siltstone. Statistical study of wood orientation in the beds of the Shinarump conglomerate further indicates a channel trend of about N. 23° W. Basal siltstoned-pebble conglomerates appear to mark the edge of channels and scours. Jomac Hill is on the crest of a southwest-plunging fold that is on the west flank of a larger syncline. The area surrounding the hill is broken by intense faulting, but no faults were noted in the vicinity of the mine. The major fractures in the mine workings strike N. 70° to 80° E. and are steeply dipping. Secondary steeply dipping fractures strike N. 40° to 60 °E., and N. 10° E. to N. 10° W. The fractures are believed to be related to the anticlinal structure rather than the faults. Most of the uranium is contained in coa!5 associated with jarosite and gypsum in sandstone, conglomerate, or sandy siltstone near the base of the Shinarump conglomerate. Uranium occurs ill a fibrous green secondary mineral, metazeunerite, an unknown fibrous yellow mineral, and an unknown massive yellow mineral. Secondary copper minerals including malachite\nazurite, and chalcanthite occur locally with the uranium minerals. Principal ore guides at the Jomac mine are channels, and scours at the bottom of these channels coal-bearing sandstone or conglomerate at the base of the Shinarump conglomerate, coal, and jarosite.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei561","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Trites, A., and Hadd, G., 1955, Uranium deposits at the Jomac mine, White Canyon area, San Juan County, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 561, Report: 39 p.; Plate 3: 33.32 inches x 28.01 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/tei561.","productDescription":"Report: 39 p.; Plate 3: 33.32 inches x 28.01 inches","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":278029,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/561/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":279534,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/561/plate-3.pdf"},{"id":279533,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/561/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.2500,37.8750 ], [ -110.2500,38.0000 ], [ -110.1250,38.0000 ], [ -110.1250,37.8750 ], [ -110.2500,37.8750 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5242b466e4b096ee6246420a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Trites, A.F.","contributorId":25196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trites","given":"A.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hadd, G.A.","contributorId":105763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hadd","given":"G.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70095687,"text":"tei298 - 1955 - Radioactivity and uranium content of some Cretaceous shales, central Great Plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-27T14:06:48","indexId":"tei298","displayToPublicDate":"1955-01-01T13:48:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"298","title":"Radioactivity and uranium content of some Cretaceous shales, central Great Plains","docAbstract":"The Sharon Springs member of the Pierre shale of Cretaceous age, a hard black organic-rich shale similar to the Chattanooga shale, is radioactive throughout central and western South Dakota, most of Nebraska, northern Kansas, and northeastern Colorado. In the Missouri River valley, thin beds of the shale contain as much as 0.01 percent uranium. Beds as much as 20 feet thick or more have a radioactivity of about 0.01 percent equivalent uranium in southwestern Nebraska according to interpretation of gamma-ray well logs. The radioactivity and uranium content is highest in the Missouri River valley in South Dakota and in southwestern Nebraska where the shale rests disconformably on the underlying Niobrara formation of Cretaceous age. Near the Black Hills, and in the area to the north, the shale of the Sharon Springs member rests on a wedge of the Gammon ferruginous member of the Pierre, which is represented by a disonformity to the east and south, and the radioactivity of the shale is low although greater than that of over-lying strata. The shale also contains a suite of trace elements in which arsenic, boron, chromium, copper, molybdenum, nickel, selenium, and vanadium are conspicuous. Molybdenum and tin are less abundant in the Sharon Springs than in similar shales of Palezoic age and silver and selenium are more abundant.
\nIn the Great Plains region, the upper 30-50 feet of Cretaceous shales overlain unconformably by the White River group of Oligocene age has been altered to bright-colored material. This altered zone is chiefly the result of pre-Oligocene weathering although post-Oligocene ground water conditions also have affected the zone. The greatest radioactivity occurs in masses of unaltered shale measuring about 1 x 4 feet in cross section included in the lower part of the altered zone. Where the zone is developed on shale and marl of the Niobrara formation, parts of the included unaltered shale contains as much as 0.1 percent equivalent uranium and 0.03 percent uranium. The disequalibrium between equivalent uranium (radioactivity) and the uranium content of the shales is believed to be a surface feature caused by relatively recent leaching of uranium from the present outcrops. The co-extensive distribution of the altered zone of Cretaceous shales and strata of the overlying White River group suggest that most of the uranium in the small masses of unaltered marl in the altered zone has been derived from the White River group.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei298","collaboration":"This report concerns work done on behalf of the Division of Raw Materials of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Tourtelot, H., 1955, Radioactivity and uranium content of some Cretaceous shales, central Great Plains: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 298, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tei298.","productDescription":"41 p.","numberOfPages":"42","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":283492,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tei298.jpg"},{"id":284544,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0298/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado;Kansas;Nebraska;Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.39,38.64 ], [ -105.39,44.82 ], [ -96.87,44.82 ], [ -96.87,38.64 ], [ -105.39,38.64 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5355952fe4b0120853e8c176","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tourtelot, Harry A.","contributorId":97903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tourtelot","given":"Harry A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":71209,"text":"tei175 - 1955 - Geology of the Wood and East Calhoun mines, Central City District, Gilpin County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-04T14:44:43","indexId":"tei175","displayToPublicDate":"1955-01-01T10:47:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"175","title":"Geology of the Wood and East Calhoun mines, Central City District, Gilpin County, Colorado","docAbstract":"The Wood-East Calhoun mine area is underlain by complexly folded Precambrian gneiss and pegmatite. The major fold in the area is an anticline that trends about N. 60° E. The Precambrian rocks are intruded by bostonite porphyry dikes of Tertiary age. All the rocks are cut by east- to northeast - trending faults that have been filled by precious metal-sulfide veins which have been worked chiefly for gold. The Wood vein occurs in an east-trending fault; the Calhoun vein occurs in a northeast-trending fault. Much of the uranium production of the Central City district has come from the Wood vein on Quartz Hill.
\nThe veins consist chiefly of quartz; pyrite is the chief metallic mineral and chalcopyrite is next in abundance. Sphalerite, galena, tetrahedrite-tennantite, and pitchblende are locally present. Deposition began with alteration-stage quartz and pyrite followed in order by pitchblend, light-yellow pyrite, massive quartz, yellow pyrite, shalerite, comb quartz, chalcopyrite, tetrahedrite-tennantite, galena, chalcopyrite, pyrite, and gray to light-brown fine-grained quartz.
\nThe veins of the Central City district are zoned, with quartz-pyrite veins near the center and galena-sphalerite veins on the periphery. The known pitchblende bodies are in the transition between these, but paragenetically, the pitchblende is earlier than all other metallic minerals.
\nA trace element study of the ore indicates an association of zirconium and molybdenum with uranium, of bismuth, antimony, and arsenic with copper, and of cadmium with zinc.
\nThe pitchblende and other ore minerals are concentrated in ore shoots. The shoots are in open spaces controlled by the competency of the wall rocks, the presence of a prevailing direction of weakness in the rocks, and changes in strike and dip of the vein.
\nThe pitchblende is thought to be a local constituent of the quartz-pyrite ores and to owe its origin to residual solutions from the quartz bostonite magma.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei175","collaboration":"This report concerns work done on behalf of the Division of Raw Materials of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Drake, A., 1955, Geology of the Wood and East Calhoun mines, Central City District, Gilpin County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 175, Report: 59 p.; 3 Plates: 34.78 x 24.11 inches and smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/tei175.","productDescription":"Report: 59 p.; 3 Plates: 34.78 x 24.11 inches and smaller","numberOfPages":"61","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":283632,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tei175.jpg"},{"id":285611,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0175/report.pdf"},{"id":285608,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0175/figure-06.pdf"},{"id":285609,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0175/figure-09.pdf"},{"id":285610,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0175/figure-14.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Gilpin County","otherGeospatial":"Wood Mines;East Calhoun Mines;Central City District","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.700853,39.74498 ], [ -105.700853,39.936401 ], [ -105.393921,39.936401 ], [ -105.393921,39.74498 ], [ -105.700853,39.74498 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5355946ee4b0120853e8bfd8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drake, Avery Ala","contributorId":65460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"Avery Ala","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":283808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}