{"pageNumber":"830","pageRowStart":"20725","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46730,"records":[{"id":70030705,"text":"70030705 - 2008 - Development of a standard reference material for Cr(vi) in contaminated soil","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:01","indexId":"70030705","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2155,"text":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of a standard reference material for Cr(vi) in contaminated soil","docAbstract":"Over the last several decades, considerable contamination by hexavalent chromium has resulted from the land disposal of Chromite Ore Processing Residue (COPR). COPR contains a number of hexavalent chromium-bearing compounds that were produced in high temperature industrial processes. Concern over the carcinogenic potential of this chromium species, and its environmental mobility, has resulted in efforts to remediate these waste sites. To provide support to analytical measurements of hexavalent chromium, a candidate National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Standard Reference Material?? (SRM 2701), having a hexavalent chromium content of approximately 500 mg kg -1, has been developed using material collected from a waste site in Hudson County, New Jersey, USA. The collection, processing, preparation and preliminary physico-chemical characterization of the material are discussed. A two-phase multi-laboratory testing study was carried out to provide data on material homogeneity and to assess the stability of the material over the duration of the study. The study was designed to incorporate several United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) determinative methods for hexavalent chromium, including Method 6800 which is based on speciated isotope dilution mass spectrometry (SIDMS), an approach which can account for chromium species inter-conversion during the extraction and measurement sequence. This journal is ?? The Royal Society of Chemistry 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1039/b808488b","issn":"02679","usgsCitation":"Nagourney, S., Wilson, S., Buckley, B., Kingston, H., Yang, S., and Long, S., 2008, Development of a standard reference material for Cr(vi) in contaminated soil: Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, v. 23, no. 11, p. 1550-1554, https://doi.org/10.1039/b808488b.","startPage":"1550","endPage":"1554","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211939,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b808488b"},{"id":239324,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0044e4b0c8380cd4f698","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nagourney, S.J.","contributorId":104284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagourney","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, S. A. 0000-0002-9468-0005","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9468-0005","contributorId":23561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"S. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buckley, B.","contributorId":14195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckley","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kingston, H.M.S.","contributorId":101875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kingston","given":"H.M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yang, S.-Y.","contributorId":74200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"S.-Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Long, S.E.","contributorId":47580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70030703,"text":"70030703 - 2008 - Long-term water quality and biological responses to multiple best management practices in Rock Creek, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:01","indexId":"70030703","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term water quality and biological responses to multiple best management practices in Rock Creek, Idaho","docAbstract":"Water quality and macroinvertebrate assemblage data from 1981 to 2005 were assessed to evaluate the water quality and biological responses of a western trout stream to the implementation of multiple best management practices (BMPs) on irrigated cropland. Data from Rock Creek near Twin Falls, Idaho, a long-term monitoring site, were assembled from state and federal sources to provide the evaluation. Seasonal loads of the nonpoint source pollutants suspended sediment (SS), total phosphorus (TP), and nitrate-nitrite (NN) were estimated using a regression model with time-series streamflow data and constituent concentrations. Trends in the macroinvertebrate assemblages were evaluated using a number of biological metrics and nonmetric multidimensional scaling ordination. Regression analysis found significant annual decreases in TP and SS flow-adjusted concentrations during the BMP implementation period from 1983 to 1990 of about 7 and 10%, respectively. These results are coincident with the implementation of multiple BMPs on about 75% of the irrigated cropland in the watershed. Macroinvertebrate assemblages during this time also responded with a change in taxa composition resulting in improved biotic index scores. Taxon specific TP and SS optima, empirically derived from a large national dataset, predicted a decrease in SS concentrations of about 37% (52 to 33 mg/l) and a decrease in TP concentrations of about 50% (0.20 to 0.10 mg/l) from 1981 to 1987. Decreasing trends in TP, SS, and NN pollutant loads were primarily the result of naturally low streamflow conditions during the BMP post-implementation period from 1993 to 2005. Trends in macroinvertebrate responses during 1993 to 2005 were confounded by the introduction of the New Zealand mudsnail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum), which approached densities of 100,000 per m 2 in riffle habitat. The occurrence of this invasive species appears to have caused a major shift in composition and function of the macroinvertebrate assemblages. ?? 2008 American Water Resources Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2008.00221.x","issn":"10934","usgsCitation":"Maret, T., MacCoy, D., and Carlisle, D., 2008, Long-term water quality and biological responses to multiple best management practices in Rock Creek, Idaho: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 44, no. 5, p. 1248-1269, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2008.00221.x.","startPage":"1248","endPage":"1269","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211881,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2008.00221.x"},{"id":239254,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-10-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a49b1e4b0c8380cd687f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maret, T.R.","contributorId":9015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maret","given":"T.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"MacCoy, D.E.","contributorId":47814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacCoy","given":"D.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carlisle, D.M.","contributorId":81059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlisle","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030677,"text":"70030677 - 2008 - Fundamental limits to the accuracy of deuterium isotopes for identifying the spatial origin of migratory animals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:00","indexId":"70030677","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fundamental limits to the accuracy of deuterium isotopes for identifying the spatial origin of migratory animals","docAbstract":"Deuterium isotope analyses have revolutionized the study of migratory connectivity because global gradients of deuterium in precipitation (??DP) are expressed on a continental scale. Several authors have constructed continental scale base maps of ??DP to provide a spatial reference for studying the movement patterns of migratory species and, although they are very useful, these maps present a static, 40-year average view of the landscape that ignores much underlying inter-annual variation. To more fully understand the consequences of this underlying variation, we analyzed the GNIP deuterium data, the source for all current ??DP maps, to estimate the minimum separation in ??DP (and latitude) necessary to conclude with a given level of confidence that distinct ??DP values represent different geographic sites. Extending analyses of ??DP successfully to deuterium in tissues of living organisms, e.g., feathers in migratory birds (??DF), is dependent on the existence of geographic separation of ??DP, where every geographic location has a distribution of values associated with temporal variability in ??DP. Analyses were conducted for three distinct geographic regions: North America, eastern North America (east of longitude 100??W), and Argentina. At the 80% confidence level, the minimum separation values were 12, 7, and 14?? of latitude (equivalent to 53, 31, and 32???) for North America, eastern North America, and Argentina, respectively. Hence, in eastern North America, for example, one may not be able to accurately assign individual samples to sites separated by less than about 7?? of latitude as the distributions of ??DP were not distinct at latitudes <7?? apart. Moreover, two samples that differ by less than 31??? cannot be confidently said to originate from different latitudes. These estimates of minimum separation for ??DP do not include other known sources of variation in feather deuterium (??D F) and hence are a first order approximation that may be useful, in the absence of more specific information for the system of interest, for planning and interpreting the results of new stable isotope studies. ?? 2008 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oecologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00442-008-1143-6","issn":"00298","usgsCitation":"Farmer, A., Cade, B., and Torres-Dowdall, J., 2008, Fundamental limits to the accuracy of deuterium isotopes for identifying the spatial origin of migratory animals: Oecologia, v. 158, no. 2, p. 183-192, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-008-1143-6.","startPage":"183","endPage":"192","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212025,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-008-1143-6"},{"id":239428,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"158","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1418e4b0c8380cd548e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Farmer, A.","contributorId":20957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farmer","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cade, B.S.","contributorId":47315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cade","given":"B.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Torres-Dowdall, J.","contributorId":13433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torres-Dowdall","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030676,"text":"70030676 - 2008 - An assessment of the effects of cell size on AGNPS modeling of watershed runoff","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:00","indexId":"70030676","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1191,"text":"Cartography and Geographic Information Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An assessment of the effects of cell size on AGNPS modeling of watershed runoff","docAbstract":"This study investigates the changes in simulated watershed runoff from the Agricultural NonPoint Source (AGNPS) pollution model as a function of model input cell size resolution for eight different cell sizes (30 m, 60 m, 120 m, 210 m, 240 m, 480 m, 960 m, and 1920 m) for the Little River Watershed (Georgia, USA). Overland cell runoff (area-weighted cell runoff), total runoff volume, clustering statistics, and hot spot patterns were examined for the different cell sizes and trends identified. Total runoff volumes decreased with increasing cell size. Using data sets of 210-m cell size or smaller in conjunction with a representative watershed boundary allows one to model the runoff volumes within 0.2 percent accuracy. The runoff clustering statistics decrease with increasing cell size; a cell size of 960 m or smaller is necessary to indicate significant high-runoff clustering. Runoff hot spot areas have a decreasing trend with increasing cell size; a cell size of 240 m or smaller is required to detect important hot spots. Conclusions regarding cell size effects on runoff estimation cannot be applied to local watershed areas due to the inconsistent changes of runoff volume with cell size; but, optimal cells sizes for clustering and hot spot analyses are applicable to local watershed areas due to the consistent trends.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Cartography and Geographic Information Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1559/152304008786140542","issn":"15230","usgsCitation":"Wu, S., Usery, E., Finn, M., and Bosch, D., 2008, An assessment of the effects of cell size on AGNPS modeling of watershed runoff: Cartography and Geographic Information Science, v. 35, no. 4, p. 265-278, https://doi.org/10.1559/152304008786140542.","startPage":"265","endPage":"278","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212024,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1559/152304008786140542"},{"id":239427,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea18e4b0c8380cd4861f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wu, S.-S.","contributorId":51714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"S.-S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Usery, E.L.","contributorId":45355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Usery","given":"E.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Finn, M.P.","contributorId":73246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bosch, D.D.","contributorId":10223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bosch","given":"D.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030646,"text":"70030646 - 2008 - Gas and gas hydrate distribution around seafloor seeps in Mississippi Canyon, Northern Gulf of Mexico, using multi-resolution seismic imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:14","indexId":"70030646","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gas and gas hydrate distribution around seafloor seeps in Mississippi Canyon, Northern Gulf of Mexico, using multi-resolution seismic imagery","docAbstract":"To determine the impact of seeps and focused flow on the occurrence of shallow gas hydrates, several seafloor mounds in the Atwater Valley lease area of the Gulf of Mexico were surveyed with a wide range of seismic frequencies. Seismic data were acquired with a deep-towed, Helmholz resonator source (220-820 Hz); a high-resolution, Generator-Injector air-gun (30-300 Hz); and an industrial air-gun array (10-130 Hz). Each showed a significantly different response in this weakly reflective, highly faulted area. Seismic modeling and observations of reversed-polarity reflections and small scale diffractions are consistent with a model of methane transport dominated regionally by diffusion but punctuated by intense upward advection responsible for the bathymetric mounds, as well as likely advection along pervasive filamentous fractures away from the mounds.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.015","issn":"02648","usgsCitation":"Wood, W., Hart, P., Hutchinson, D.R., Dutta, N., Snyder, F., Coffin, R., and Gettrust, J., 2008, Gas and gas hydrate distribution around seafloor seeps in Mississippi Canyon, Northern Gulf of Mexico, using multi-resolution seismic imagery: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 25, no. 9, p. 952-959, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.015.","startPage":"952","endPage":"959","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476716,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/2619","text":"External Repository"},{"id":212108,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.015"},{"id":239531,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a14bfe4b0c8380cd54b48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, W.T.","contributorId":51516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"W.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hart, P. E.","contributorId":10773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"P. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hutchinson, D. R.","contributorId":31770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dutta, N.","contributorId":7086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dutta","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Snyder, F.","contributorId":84160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Coffin, R.B.","contributorId":59628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coffin","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gettrust, J.F.","contributorId":80080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gettrust","given":"J.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70030616,"text":"70030616 - 2008 - Implications of postseismic gravity change following the great 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake from the regional harmonic analysis of GRACE intersatellite tracking data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:14","indexId":"70030616","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Implications of postseismic gravity change following the great 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake from the regional harmonic analysis of GRACE intersatellite tracking data","docAbstract":"We report Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite observations of coseismic displacements and postseismic transients from the great Sumatra-Andaman Islands (thrust event; Mw ???9.2) earthquake in December 2004. Instead of using global spherical harmonic solutions of monthly gravity fields, we estimated the gravity changes directly using intersatellite range-rate data with regionally concentrated spherical Slepian basis functions every 15-day interval. We found significant step-like (coseismic) and exponential-like (postseismic) behavior in the time series of estimated coefficients (from May 2003 to April 2007) for the spherical Slepian function's. After deriving coseismic slip estimates from seismic and geodetic data that spanned different time intervals, we estimated and evaluated postseismic relaxation mechanisms with alternate asthenosphere viscosity models. The large spatial coverage and uniform accuracy of our GRACE solution enabled us to clearly delineate a postseismic transient signal in the first 2 years of postearthquake GRACE data. Our preferred interpretation of the long-wavelength components of the postseismic avity change is biviscous viscoelastic flow. We estimated a transient viscosity of 5 ??17 Pa s and a steady state viscosity of 5 ?? 1018 - 1019 Pa s. Additional years of the GRACE observations should provide improved steady state viscosity estimates. In contrast to our interpretation of coseismic gravity change, the prominent postearthquake positive gravity change around the Nicobar Islands is accounted for by seafloor uplift with less postseismic perturbation in intrinsic density in the region surrounding the earthquake. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2008JB005705","issn":"01480","usgsCitation":"Han, S., Sauber, J., Luthcke, S., Ji, C., and Pollitz., F.F., 2008, Implications of postseismic gravity change following the great 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake from the regional harmonic analysis of GRACE intersatellite tracking data: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 113, no. 11, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005705.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476758,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jb005705","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":212132,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005705"},{"id":239567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-11-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3928e4b0c8380cd6180e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Han, S.-C.","contributorId":11000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Han","given":"S.-C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sauber, J.","contributorId":31540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauber","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luthcke, S.B.","contributorId":33125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luthcke","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ji, C.","contributorId":31093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ji","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pollitz., F. F.","contributorId":70188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollitz.","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70030613,"text":"70030613 - 2008 - Physical properties of sediments from Keathley Canyon and Atwater Valley, JIP Gulf of Mexico gas hydrate drilling program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T12:53:46","indexId":"70030613","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Physical properties of sediments from Keathley Canyon and Atwater Valley, JIP Gulf of Mexico gas hydrate drilling program","docAbstract":"<p><span>Physical property measurements and consolidation behavior are different between sediments from Atwater Valley and Keathley Canyon in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Void ratio and bulk density of Atwater Valley sediment from a seafloor mound (holes ATM1 and ATM2) show little effective stress (or depth) dependence to 27</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>meters below seafloor (mbsf), perhaps owing to fluidized transport through the mound itself with subsequent settling onto the seafloor or mound flanks. Off-mound sediments (hole AT13-2) have bulk physical properties that are similar to mound sediments above 27</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>mbsf, but void ratio and porosity decrease below that depth. Properties of shallow (&lt;50</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>mbsf) Keathley Canyon sediments (KC151-3) change with increasing effective stress (or depth) compared to Atwater Valley, but vary little below that depth. Organic carbon is present in concentrations between typical near-shore and deep-sea sediments. Organic carbon-to-nitrogen ratios suggest that the organic matter contained in Atwater Valley off-mound and mound sites came from somewhat different sources. The difference in organic carbon-to-nitrogen ratios between Atwater Valley and Keathley Canyon is more pronounced. At Keathley Canyon a more terrigenous source of the organic matter is indicated. Grain sizes are typically silty clay or clay within the two basins reflecting similar transport energy. However, the range in most shallow sediment properties is significantly different between the two basins. Bulk density profiles agree with logging results in Atwater Valley and Keathley Canyon. Agreement between lab-derived and logging-derived properties supports using logging data to constrain bulk physical properties where cores were not collected.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.018","issn":"02648","usgsCitation":"Winters, W.J., Dugan, B., and Collett, T.S., 2008, Physical properties of sediments from Keathley Canyon and Atwater Valley, JIP Gulf of Mexico gas hydrate drilling program: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 25, no. 9, p. 896-905, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.018.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"896","endPage":"905","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476636,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/2616","text":"External Repository"},{"id":239529,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212106,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.018"}],"geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -98.3056640625,\n              19.518375478601566\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.03515625,\n              19.518375478601566\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.03515625,\n              29.420460341013133\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.3056640625,\n              29.420460341013133\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.3056640625,\n              19.518375478601566\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7ac0e4b0c8380cd79094","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winters, William J. bwinters@usgs.gov","contributorId":522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winters","given":"William","email":"bwinters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":427871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dugan, Brandon","contributorId":10213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dugan","given":"Brandon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":427872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033254,"text":"70033254 - 2008 - A basin-scale approach to estimating stream temperatures of tributaries to the lower Klamath River, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T09:17:43","indexId":"70033254","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A basin-scale approach to estimating stream temperatures of tributaries to the lower Klamath River, California","docAbstract":"Stream temperature is an important component of salmonid habitat and is often above levels suitable for fish survival in the Lower Klamath River in northern California. The objective of this study was to provide boundary conditions for models that are assessing stream temperature on the main stem for the purpose of developing strategies to manage stream conditions using Total Maximum Daily Loads. For model input, hourly stream temperatures for 36 tributaries were estimated for 1 Jan. 2001 through 31 Oct. 2004. A basin-scale approach incorporating spatially distributed energy balance data was used to estimate the stream temperatures with measured air temperature and relative humidity data and simulated solar radiation, including topographic shading and corrections for cloudiness. Regression models were developed on the basis of available stream temperature data to predict temperatures for unmeasured periods of time and for unmeasured streams. The most significant factor in matching measured minimum and maximum stream temperatures was the seasonality of the estimate. Adding minimum and maximum air temperature to the regression model improved the estimate, and air temperature data over the region are available and easily distributed spatially. The addition of simulated solar radiation and vapor saturation deficit to the regression model significantly improved predictions of maximum stream temperature but was not required to predict minimum stream temperature. The average SE in estimated maximum daily stream temperature for the individual basins was 0.9 ?? 0.6??C at the 95% confidence interval. Copyright ?? 2008 by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Environmental Quality","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2134/jeq2006.0341","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Flint, L.E., and Flint, A.L., 2008, A basin-scale approach to estimating stream temperatures of tributaries to the lower Klamath River, California: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 37, no. 1, p. 57-68, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2006.0341.","startPage":"57","endPage":"68","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240759,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213162,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2006.0341"}],"volume":"37","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e318e4b0c8380cd45e0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flint, L. E. 0000-0002-7868-441X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-441X","contributorId":38180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"L.","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, A. L.","contributorId":102453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033258,"text":"70033258 - 2008 - Trends in abundance of collared lemmings near Cape Churchill, Manitoba, Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70033258","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trends in abundance of collared lemmings near Cape Churchill, Manitoba, Canada","docAbstract":"Regular, multiannual cycles observed in the population abundance of small mammals in many arctic and subarctic ecosystems have stimulated substantial research, particularly among population ecologists. Hypotheses of mechanisms generating regular cycles include predator-prey interactions, limitation of food resources, and migration or dispersal, as well as abiotic factors such as cyclic climatic variation and environmental stochasticity. In 2004 and 2005, we used indirect methods to estimate trends in population size of Richardson's collared lemmings (Dicrostonyx richardsoni) retrospectively, and evaluated the extent of synchrony between lemming populations at 2 coastal tundra study areas separated by approximately 60 km near Cape Churchill, Manitoba, Canada. We collected scars on willow plants (Salix) resulting from lemming feeding. Ages of scars ranged from 0 to 13 years at both study areas. Scar-age frequency appeared cyclic and we used nonlinear Poisson regression to model the observed scar-age frequency. Lemming populations cycled with 2.8-year periodicity and the phase of the cycle was synchronous between the 2 study areas. We suggest that our approach could be applied in multiple settings and may provide the most efficient way to gather data on small mammals across both space and time in a diversity of landscapes. ?? 2008 American Society of Mammalogists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Mammalogy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1644/07-MAMM-A-046.1","issn":"00222372","usgsCitation":"Reiter, M., and Andersen, D., 2008, Trends in abundance of collared lemmings near Cape Churchill, Manitoba, Canada: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 89, no. 1, p. 138-144, https://doi.org/10.1644/07-MAMM-A-046.1.","startPage":"138","endPage":"144","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213191,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1644/07-MAMM-A-046.1"},{"id":240794,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-02-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb7dfe4b08c986b32752f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reiter, M.E.","contributorId":80065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reiter","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andersen, D. E.","contributorId":27816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"D. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033259,"text":"70033259 - 2008 - Fall diets of red-breasted merganser (Mergus serrator) and walleye (Sander vitreus) in Sandusky Bay and adjacent waters of western Lake Erie","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70033259","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fall diets of red-breasted merganser (Mergus serrator) and walleye (Sander vitreus) in Sandusky Bay and adjacent waters of western Lake Erie","docAbstract":"Although published studies indicate the contrary, there is concern among many sport anglers that migrating red-breasted mergansers (Mergus serrator) and other waterbirds pose a competitive threat to sport fish species such as walleye (Sander vitreus) in Lake Erie. We quantified the diet of autumn-migrant mergansers and walleye during 1998-2000 in Sandusky Bay and adjacent waters of western Lake Erie. We hypothesized that the diets of both predators would be similar in species composition, but because of different foraging ecologies their diets would differ markedly in size of prey consumed. In addition to predator samples, we used trawl data from the same general area as an index of prey availability. We found that mergansers fed almost exclusively on fish (nine species). Gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum), emerald shiner (Notropis atherinoides) and round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) were consumed in the greatest numbers, most frequently and comprised the greatest biomass. Walleye fed exclusively on fish: gizzard shad, alewife (Alosa psuedoharengus) and emerald shiner were consumed in the greatest numbers, most frequently and comprised the greatest biomass. Diet overlap between mergansers and walleye was 67% by weight and 66% by species frequency. Mean total lengths of gizzard shad, emerald shiner and round goby found in walleye stomachs exceeded those captured in trawls by 47%, on average. Mean total lengths of gizzard shad, emerald shiner and round goby were greater in walleye stomachs than in merganser stomachs. Mean total lengths of emerald shiner and round goby were less in merganser stomachs than in trawls. Our results suggest that although the diets of walleye and mergansers overlapped considerably, mergansers generally consumed smaller fish than walleye. Given the abundance and diversity of prey species available, and the transient nature of mergansers on Lake Erie during migration, we conclude that competition for food between these species is minimal.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Midland Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031(2008)159[147:FDORMM]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00030031","usgsCitation":"Bur, M., Stapanian, M., Bernhardt, G., and Turner, M., 2008, Fall diets of red-breasted merganser (Mergus serrator) and walleye (Sander vitreus) in Sandusky Bay and adjacent waters of western Lake Erie: American Midland Naturalist, v. 159, no. 1, p. 147-161, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031(2008)159[147:FDORMM]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"147","endPage":"161","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213220,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031(2008)159[147:FDORMM]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":240824,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"159","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0ee5e4b0c8380cd53693","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bur, M.T.","contributorId":58215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bur","given":"M.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stapanian, M.A.","contributorId":65437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stapanian","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bernhardt, G.","contributorId":48837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernhardt","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Turner, M.W.","contributorId":25424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033261,"text":"70033261 - 2008 - Identification, prediction, and mitigation of sinkhole hazards in evaporite karst areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70033261","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Identification, prediction, and mitigation of sinkhole hazards in evaporite karst areas","docAbstract":"Sinkholes usually have a higher probability of occurrence and a greater genetic diversity in evaporite terrains than in carbonate karst areas. This is because evaporites have a higher solubility and, commonly, a lower mechanical strength. Subsidence damage resulting from evaporite dissolution generates substantial losses throughout the world, but the causes are only well understood in a few areas. To deal with these hazards, a phased approach is needed for sinkhole identification, investigation, prediction, and mitigation. Identification techniques include field surveys and geomorphological mapping combined with accounts from local people and historical sources. Detailed sinkhole maps can be constructed from sequential historical maps, recent topographical maps, and digital elevation models (DEMs) complemented with building-damage surveying, remote sensing, and high-resolution geodetic surveys. On a more detailed level, information from exposed paleosubsidence features (paleokarst), speleological explorations, geophysical investigations, trenching, dating techniques, and boreholes may help in investigating dissolution and subsidence features. Information on the hydrogeological pathways including caves, springs, and swallow holes are particularly important especially when corroborated by tracer tests. These diverse data sources make a valuable database-the karst inventory. From this dataset, sinkhole susceptibility zonations (relative probability) may be produced based on the spatial distribution of the features and good knowledge of the local geology. Sinkhole distribution can be investigated by spatial distribution analysis techniques including studies of preferential elongation, alignment, and nearest neighbor analysis. More objective susceptibility models may be obtained by analyzing the statistical relationships between the known sinkholes and the conditioning factors. Chronological information on sinkhole formation is required to estimate the probability of occurrence of sinkholes (number of sinkholes/km2 year). Such spatial and temporal predictions, frequently derived from limited records and based on the assumption that past sinkhole activity may be extrapolated to the future, are non-corroborated hypotheses. Validation methods allow us to assess the predictive capability of the susceptibility maps and to transform them into probability maps. Avoiding the most hazardous areas by preventive planning is the safest strategy for development in sinkhole-prone areas. Corrective measures could be applied to reduce the dissolution activity and subsidence processes. A more practical solution for safe development is to reduce the vulnerability of the structures by using subsidence-proof designs. ?? 2007 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Geology","language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00254-007-0728-4","issn":"09430105","usgsCitation":"Gutierrez, F., Cooper, A., and Johnson, K., 2008, Identification, prediction, and mitigation of sinkhole hazards in evaporite karst areas, <i>in</i> Environmental Geology, v. 53, no. 5, p. 1007-1022, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-007-0728-4.","startPage":"1007","endPage":"1022","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476743,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/6745/1/Gutierrez_Cooper_Johnson_Env__Geol_V53_1007-1022.pdf","text":"External Repository"},{"id":213253,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00254-007-0728-4"},{"id":240860,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3844e4b0c8380cd614de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gutierrez, F.","contributorId":79309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutierrez","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cooper, A.H.","contributorId":30046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, K.S.","contributorId":24385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"K.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033276,"text":"70033276 - 2008 - Aseismic slip and fault-normal strain along the central creeping section of the San Andreas fault","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:34","indexId":"70033276","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aseismic slip and fault-normal strain along the central creeping section of the San Andreas fault","docAbstract":"We use GPS data to measure the aseismic slip along the central San Andreas fault (CSAF) and the deformation across adjacent faults. Comparison of EDM and GPS data sets implies that, except for small-scale transients, the fault motion has been steady over the last 40 years. We add 42 new GPS, velocities along the CSAF to constrain the regional strain distribution. Shear strain rates are less than 0.083 ?? 0.010 ??strain/yr adjacent to the creeping SAF, with 1-4.5 mm/yr of contraction across the Coast Ranges. Dislocation modeling of the data gives a deep, long-term slip rate of 31-35 mm/yr and a shallow (0-12 km) creep rate of 28 mm/yr along the central portion of the CSAF, consistent with surface creep measurements. The lower shallow slip rate may be due to the effect of partial locking along the CSAF or reflect reduced creep rates late in the earthquake cycle of the adjoining SAF rupture zones. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2008GL034437","issn":"00948","usgsCitation":"Rolandone, F., Burgmann, R., Agnew, D., Johanson, I., Templeton, D., d'Alessio, M., Titus, S., DeMets, C., and Tikoff, B., 2008, Aseismic slip and fault-normal strain along the central creeping section of the San Andreas fault: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 35, no. 14, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL034437.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213469,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008GL034437"},{"id":241095,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-07-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059edb7e4b0c8380cd4997a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rolandone, F.","contributorId":54783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rolandone","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burgmann, R.","contributorId":10167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burgmann","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Agnew, D.C.","contributorId":32186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agnew","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johanson, I.A.","contributorId":36735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johanson","given":"I.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Templeton, D.C.","contributorId":89016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Templeton","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"d'Alessio, M. A.","contributorId":43159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"d'Alessio","given":"M. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Titus, S.J.","contributorId":101523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Titus","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"DeMets, C.","contributorId":19308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeMets","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Tikoff, B.","contributorId":90934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tikoff","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70033285,"text":"70033285 - 2008 - Using demography and movement behavior to predict range expansion of the southern sea otter.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T17:36:36","indexId":"70033285","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using demography and movement behavior to predict range expansion of the southern sea otter.","docAbstract":"<p>In addition to forecasting population growth, basic demographic data combined with movement data provide a means for predicting rates of range expansion. Quantitative models of range expansion have rarely been applied to large vertebrates, although such tools could be useful for restoration and management of many threatened but recovering populations. Using the southern sea otter (<i>Enhydra lutris nereis</i>) as a case study, we utilized integro-difference equations in combination with a stage-structured projection matrix that incorporated spatial variation in dispersal and demography to make forecasts of population recovery and range recolonization. In addition to these basic predictions, we emphasize how to make these modeling predictions useful in a management context through the inclusion of parameter uncertainty and sensitivity analysis. Our models resulted in hind-cast (1989–2003) predictions of net population growth and range expansion that closely matched observed patterns. We next made projections of future range expansion and population growth, incorporating uncertainty in all model parameters, and explored the sensitivity of model predictions to variation in spatially explicit survival and dispersal rates. The predicted rate of southward range expansion (median = 5.2 km/yr) was sensitive to both dispersal and survival rates; elasticity analysis indicated that changes in adult survival would have the greatest potential effect on the rate of range expansion, while perturbation analysis showed that variation in subadult dispersal contributed most to variance in model predictions. Variation in survival and dispersal of females at the south end of the range contributed most of the variance in predicted southward range expansion. Our approach provides guidance for the acquisition of further data and a means of forecasting the consequence of specific management actions. Similar methods could aid in the management of other recovering populations.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ESA","doi":"10.1890/07-0735.1","usgsCitation":"Tinker, M.T., Doak, D., and Estes, J.A., 2008, Using demography and movement behavior to predict range expansion of the southern sea otter.: Ecological Applications, v. 18, no. 7, p. 1781-1794, https://doi.org/10.1890/07-0735.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1781","endPage":"1794","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241201,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc043e4b08c986b32a013","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tinker, M. T. 0000-0002-3314-839X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-839X","contributorId":54152,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tinker","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doak, D.F.","contributorId":39729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doak","given":"D.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Estes, J. A.","contributorId":53319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033290,"text":"70033290 - 2008 - Building hierarchical models of avian distributions for the State of Georgia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:37","indexId":"70033290","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Building hierarchical models of avian distributions for the State of Georgia","docAbstract":"To predict the distributions of breeding birds in the state of Georgia, USA, we built hierarchical models consisting of 4 levels of nested mapping units of decreasing area: 90,000 ha, 3,600 ha, 144 ha, and 5.76 ha. We used the Partners in Flight database of point counts to generate presence and absence data at locations across the state of Georgia for 9 avian species: Acadian flycatcher (Empidonax virescens), brownheaded nuthatch (Sitta pusilla), Carolina wren (Thryothorus ludovicianus), indigo bunting (Passerina cyanea), northern cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis), prairie warbler (Dendroica discolor), yellow-billed cuckoo (Coccyxus americanus), white-eyed vireo (Vireo griseus), and wood thrush (Hylocichla mustelina). At each location, we estimated hierarchical-level-specific habitat measurements using the Georgia GAP Analysis18 class land cover and other Geographic Information System sources. We created candidate, species-specific occupancy models based on previously reported relationships, and fit these using Markov chain Monte Carlo procedures implemented in OpenBugs. We then created a confidence model set for each species based on Akaike's Information Criterion. We found hierarchical habitat relationships for all species. Three-fold cross-validation estimates of model accuracy indicated an average overall correct classification rate of 60.5%. Comparisons with existing Georgia GAP Analysis models indicated that our models were more accurate overall. Our results provide guidance to wildlife scientists and managers seeking predict avian occurrence as a function of local and landscape-level habitat attributes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/2006-098","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Howell, J., Peterson, J., and Conroy, M., 2008, Building hierarchical models of avian distributions for the State of Georgia: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 72, no. 1, p. 168-178, https://doi.org/10.2193/2006-098.","startPage":"168","endPage":"178","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213135,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2006-098"},{"id":240728,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f2a8e4b0c8380cd4b29b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Howell, J.E.","contributorId":28694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howell","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, J.T.","contributorId":30170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conroy, M.J.","contributorId":84690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conroy","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033252,"text":"70033252 - 2008 - Determination of dominant biogeochemical processes in a contaminated aquifer-wetland system using multivariate statistical analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T09:12:46","indexId":"70033252","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of dominant biogeochemical processes in a contaminated aquifer-wetland system using multivariate statistical analysis","docAbstract":"<p>Determining the processes governing aqueous biogeochemistry in a wetland hydrologically linked to an underlying contaminated aquifer is challenging due to the complex exchange between the systems and their distinct responses to changes in precipitation, recharge, and biological activities. To evaluate temporal and spatial processes in the wetland-aquifer system, water samples were collected using cm-scale multi-chambered passive diffusion samplers (peepers) to span the wetland-aquifer interface over a period of 3 yr. Samples were analyzed for major cations and anions, methane, and a suite of organic acids resulting in a large dataset of over 8000 points, which was evaluated using multivariate statistics. Principal component analysis (PCA) was chosen with the purpose of exploring the sources of variation in the dataset to expose related variables and provide insight into the biogeochemical processes that control the water chemistry of the system. Factor scores computed from PCA were mapped by date and depth. Patterns observed suggest that (i) fermentation is the process controlling the greatest variability in the dataset and it peaks in May; (ii) iron and sulfate reduction were the dominant terminal electron-accepting processes in the system and were associated with fermentation but had more complex seasonal variability than fermentation; (iii) methanogenesis was also important and associated with bacterial utilization of minerals as a source of electron acceptors (e.g., barite BaSO<sub>4</sub>); and (iv) seasonal hydrological patterns (wet and dry periods) control the availability of electron acceptors through the reoxidation of reduced iron-sulfur species enhancing iron and sulfate reduction.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2134/jeq2007.0169","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Baez-Cazull, S.E., McGuire, J., Cozzarelli, I., and Voytek, M., 2008, Determination of dominant biogeochemical processes in a contaminated aquifer-wetland system using multivariate statistical analysis: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 37, no. 1, p. 30-46, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2007.0169.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"30","endPage":"46","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240725,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213132,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2007.0169"}],"volume":"37","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ffa2e4b0c8380cd4f2ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baez-Cazull, S. E.","contributorId":64034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baez-Cazull","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, J.T.","contributorId":17023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cozzarelli, I.M. 0000-0002-5123-1007","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":22343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"I.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Voytek, M.A.","contributorId":44272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voytek","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033296,"text":"70033296 - 2008 - Comparison of remote sensing image processing techniques to identify tornado damage areas from Landsat TM data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-27T13:20:31","indexId":"70033296","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3380,"text":"Sensors","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of remote sensing image processing techniques to identify tornado damage areas from Landsat TM data","docAbstract":"<p>Remote sensing techniques have been shown effective for large-scale damage surveys after a hazardous event in both near real-time or post-event analyses. The paper aims to compare accuracy of common imaging processing techniques to detect tornado damage tracks from Landsat TM data. We employed the direct change detection approach using two sets of images acquired before and after the tornado event to produce a principal component composite images and a set of image difference bands. Techniques in the comparison include supervised classification, unsupervised classification, and objectoriented classification approach with a nearest neighbor classifier. Accuracy assessment is based on Kappa coefficient calculated from error matrices which cross tabulate correctly identified cells on the TM image and commission and omission errors in the result. Overall, the Object-oriented Approach exhibits the highest degree of accuracy in tornado damage detection. PCA and Image Differencing methods show comparable outcomes. While selected PCs can improve detection accuracy 5 to 10%, the Object-oriented Approach performs significantly better with 15-20% higher accuracy than the other two techniques. ?? 2008 by MDPI.</p>","language":"English","doi":"10.3390/s8021128","issn":"14243210","usgsCitation":"Myint, S., Yuan, M., Cerveny, R., and Giri, C., 2008, Comparison of remote sensing image processing techniques to identify tornado damage areas from Landsat TM data: Sensors, v. 8, no. 2, p. 1128-1156, https://doi.org/10.3390/s8021128.","startPage":"1128","endPage":"1156","numberOfPages":"29","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476740,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s8021128","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240827,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-02-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f888e4b0c8380cd4d17d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Myint, S.W.","contributorId":18103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myint","given":"S.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yuan, M.","contributorId":20889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yuan","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cerveny, R.S.","contributorId":18899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cerveny","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Giri, C.P.","contributorId":29647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giri","given":"C.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033301,"text":"70033301 - 2008 - Compositional mapping of Saturn's satellite Dione with Cassini VIMS and implications of dark material in the Saturn system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:36","indexId":"70033301","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Compositional mapping of Saturn's satellite Dione with Cassini VIMS and implications of dark material in the Saturn system","docAbstract":"Cassini VIMS has obtained spatially resolved imaging spectroscopy data on numerous satellites of Saturn. A very close fly-by of Dione provided key information for solving the riddle of the origin of the dark material in the Saturn system. The Dione VIMS data show a pattern of bombardment of fine, sub-0.5-??m diameter particles impacting the satellite from the trailing side direction. Multiple lines of evidence point to an external origin for the dark material on Dione, including the global spatial pattern of dark material, local patterns including crater and cliff walls shielding implantation on slopes facing away from the trailing side, exposing clean ice, and slopes facing the trailing direction which show higher abundances of dark material. Multiple spectral features of the dark material match those seen on Phoebe, Iapetus, Hyperion, Epimetheus and the F-ring, implying the material has a common composition throughout the Saturn system. However, the exact composition of the dark material remains a mystery, except that bound water and, tentatively, ammonia are detected, and there is evidence both for and against cyanide compounds. Exact identification of composition requires additional laboratory work. A blue scattering peak with a strong UV-visible absorption is observed in spectra of all satellites which contain dark material, and the cause is Rayleigh scattering, again pointing to a common origin. The Rayleigh scattering effect is confirmed with laboratory experiments using ice and 0.2-??m diameter carbon grains when the carbon abundance is less than about 2% by weight. Rayleigh scattering in solids is also confirmed in naturally occurring terrestrial rocks, and in previously published reflectance studies. The spatial pattern, Rayleigh scattering effect, and spectral properties argue that the dark material is only a thin coating on Dione's surface, and by extension is only a thin coating on Phoebe, Hyperion, and Iapetus, although the dark material abundance appears higher on Iapetus, and may be locally thick. As previously concluded for Phoebe, the dark material appears to be external to the Saturn system and may be cometary in origin. We also report a possible detection of material around Dione which may indicate Dione is active and contributes material to the E-ring, but this observation must be confirmed.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2007.08.035","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Clark, R.N., Curchin, J.M., Jaumann, R., Cruikshank, D.P., Brown, R.H., Hoefen, T., Stephan, K., Moore, J.N., Buratti, B.J., Baines, K.H., Nicholson, P.D., and Nelson, R., 2008, Compositional mapping of Saturn's satellite Dione with Cassini VIMS and implications of dark material in the Saturn system: Icarus, v. 193, no. 2, p. 372-386, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2007.08.035.","startPage":"372","endPage":"386","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213288,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2007.08.035"},{"id":240898,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"193","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f938e4b0c8380cd4d4e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, R. N.","contributorId":6568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Curchin, J. M.","contributorId":37145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curchin","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jaumann, R.","contributorId":81232,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jaumann","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cruikshank, D. P.","contributorId":51434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cruikshank","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brown, R. H.","contributorId":19931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hoefen, T.M. 0000-0002-3083-5987","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3083-5987","contributorId":18143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoefen","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stephan, K.","contributorId":8976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephan","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Moore, Johnnie N.","contributorId":13668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Johnnie","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Buratti, B. J.","contributorId":69280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buratti","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Baines, K. H.","contributorId":37868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baines","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Nicholson, P. D.","contributorId":54330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicholson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Nelson, R.M.","contributorId":38316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70033307,"text":"70033307 - 2008 - De-convoluting mixed crude oil in Prudhoe Bay Field, North Slope, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:34","indexId":"70033307","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2958,"text":"Organic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"De-convoluting mixed crude oil in Prudhoe Bay Field, North Slope, Alaska","docAbstract":"Seventy-four crude oil samples from the Barrow arch on the North Slope of Alaska were studied to assess the relative volumetric contributions from different source rocks to the giant Prudhoe Bay Field. We applied alternating least squares to concentration data (ALS-C) for 46 biomarkers in the range C19-C35 to de-convolute mixtures of oil generated from carbonate rich Triassic Shublik Formation and clay rich Jurassic Kingak Shale and Cretaceous Hue Shale-gamma ray zone (Hue-GRZ) source rocks. ALS-C results for 23 oil samples from the prolific Ivishak Formation reservoir of the Prudhoe Bay Field indicate approximately equal contributions from Shublik Formation and Hue-GRZ source rocks (37% each), less from the Kingak Shale (26%), and little or no contribution from other source rocks. These results differ from published interpretations that most oil in the Prudhoe Bay Field originated from the Shublik Formation source rock. With few exceptions, the relative contribution of oil from the Shublik Formation decreases, while that from the Hue-GRZ increases in reservoirs along the Barrow arch from Point Barrow in the northwest to Point Thomson in the southeast (???250 miles or 400 km). The Shublik contribution also decreases to a lesser degree between fault blocks within the Ivishak pool from west to east across the Prudhoe Bay Field. ALS-C provides a robust means to calculate the relative amounts of two or more oil types in a mixture. Furthermore, ALS-C does not require that pure end member oils be identified prior to analysis or that laboratory mixtures of these oils be prepared to evaluate mixing. ALS-C of biomarkers reliably de-convolutes mixtures because the concentrations of compounds in mixtures vary as linear functions of the amount of each oil type. ALS of biomarker ratios (ALS-R) cannot be used to de-convolute mixtures because compound ratios vary as nonlinear functions of the amount of each oil type.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Organic Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2008.03.001","issn":"01466380","usgsCitation":"Peters, K.E., Scott, R.L., Zumberge, J., Valin, Z., and Bird, K.J., 2008, De-convoluting mixed crude oil in Prudhoe Bay Field, North Slope, Alaska: Organic Geochemistry, v. 39, no. 6, p. 623-645, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2008.03.001.","startPage":"623","endPage":"645","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240993,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213374,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2008.03.001"}],"volume":"39","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fde9e4b0c8380cd4e9e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peters, K. E.","contributorId":17295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, Ramos L.","contributorId":43177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"Ramos","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zumberge, J.E.","contributorId":37867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zumberge","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Valin, Z. C. 0000-0001-6199-6700","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6199-6700","contributorId":75165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valin","given":"Z. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bird, K. J.","contributorId":57824,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bird","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70033314,"text":"70033314 - 2008 - Amphipod densities and indices of wetland quality across the upper-Midwest, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:39","indexId":"70033314","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Amphipod densities and indices of wetland quality across the upper-Midwest, USA","docAbstract":"Nutritional, behavioral, and diet data for lesser scaup (Aythya affinis [Eyton, 1838]) indicates that there has been a decrease in amphipod (Gammarus lacustris [G. O. Sars, 1863] and Hyalella azteca [Saussure, 1858]) density and wetland quality throughout the upper-Midwest, USA. Accordingly, we estimated densities of Gammarus and Hyalella in six eco-physiographic regions of Iowa, Minnesota, and North Dakota; 356 randomly selected semipermanent and permanent wetlands were sampled during springs 2004 and 2005. We also examined indices of wetland quality (e.g., turbidity, fish communities, aquatic vegetation) among regions in a random subset of these wetlands (n = 267). Gammarus and Hyalella were present in 19% and 54% of wetlands sampled, respectively. Gammarus and Hyalella densities in North Dakota were higher than those in Iowa and Minnesota. Although historical data are limited, our regional mean (1 to 12 m-3) amphipod densities (Gammarus + Hyalella) were markedly lower than any of the historical density estimates. Fish, important predators of amphipods, occurred in 31%-45% of wetlands in North Dakota, 84% of wetlands in the Red River Valley, and 74%-84% of wetlands in Iowa and Minnesota. Turbidity in wetlands of Minnesota Morainal (4.0 NTU geometric mean) and Red River Valley (6.1 NTU) regions appeared low relative to that of the rest of the upper-Midwest (13.2-17.5 NTU). We conclude that observed estimates of amphipods, fish, and turbidity are consistent with low wetland quality, which has resulted in lower food availability for various wildlife species, especially lesser scaup, which use these wetlands in the upper-Midwest. ?? 2008, The Society of Wetland Scientists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1672/07-53.1","issn":"02775","usgsCitation":"Anteau, M., and Afton, A., 2008, Amphipod densities and indices of wetland quality across the upper-Midwest, USA: Wetlands, v. 28, no. 1, p. 184-196, https://doi.org/10.1672/07-53.1.","startPage":"184","endPage":"196","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213504,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1672/07-53.1"},{"id":241133,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e9cae4b0c8380cd4845b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anteau, M.J.","contributorId":12807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anteau","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Afton, A. D.","contributorId":83467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Afton","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033319,"text":"70033319 - 2008 - Assessing manure management strategies through small-plot research and whole-farm modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:20","indexId":"70033319","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2456,"text":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing manure management strategies through small-plot research and whole-farm modeling","docAbstract":"Plot-scale experimentation can provide valuable insight into the effects of manure management practices on phosphorus (P) runoff, but whole-farm evaluation is needed for complete assessment of potential trade offs. Artificially-applied rainfall experimentation on small field plots and event-based and long-term simulation modeling were used to compare P loss in runoff related to two dairy manure application methods (surface application with and without incorporation by tillage) on contrasting Pennsylvania soils previously under no-till management. Results of single-event rainfall experiments indicated that average dissolved reactive P losses in runoff from manured plots decreased by up to 90% with manure incorporation while total P losses did not change significantly. Longer-term whole farm simulation modeling indicated that average dissolved reactive P losses would decrease by 8% with manure incorporation while total P losses would increase by 77% due to greater erosion from fields previously under no-till. Differences in the two methods of inference point to the need for caution in extrapolating research findings. Single-event rainfall experiments conducted shortly after manure application simulate incidental transfers of dissolved P in manure to runoff, resulting in greater losses of dissolved reactive P. However, the transfer of dissolved P in applied manure diminishes with time. Over the annual time frame simulated by whole farm modeling, erosion processes become more important to runoff P losses. Results of this study highlight the need to consider the potential for increased erosion and total P losses caused by soil disturbance during incorporation. This study emphasizes the ability of modeling to estimate management practice effectiveness at the larger scales when experimental data is not available.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00224","usgsCitation":"Garcia, A., Veith, T., Kleinman, P., Rotz, C., and Saporito, L., 2008, Assessing manure management strategies through small-plot research and whole-farm modeling: Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, v. 63, no. 4, p. 204-211.","startPage":"204","endPage":"211","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241203,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eddae4b0c8380cd49a5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garcia, A.M.","contributorId":31585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Veith, T.L.","contributorId":40432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Veith","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kleinman, P.J.A.","contributorId":29224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kleinman","given":"P.J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rotz, C.A.","contributorId":9074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rotz","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Saporito, L.S.","contributorId":22158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saporito","given":"L.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70033323,"text":"70033323 - 2008 - Zero-inflated modeling of fish catch per unit area resulting from multiple gears: Application to channel catfish and shovelnose sturgeon in the Missouri River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:37","indexId":"70033323","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Zero-inflated modeling of fish catch per unit area resulting from multiple gears: Application to channel catfish and shovelnose sturgeon in the Missouri River","docAbstract":"Fisheries studies often employ multiple gears that result in large percentages of zero values. We considered a zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) model with random effects to address these excessive zeros. By employing a Bayesian ZIP model that simultaneously incorporates data from multiple gears to analyze data from the Missouri River, we were able to compare gears and make more year, segment, and macrohabitat comparisons than did the original data analysis. For channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus, our results rank (highest to lowest) the mean catch per unit area (CPUA) for gears (beach seine, benthic trawl, electrofishing, and drifting trammel net); years (1998 and 1997); macrohabitats (tributary mouth, connected secondary channel, nonconnected secondary channel, and bend); and river segment zones (channelized, inter-reservoir, and least-altered). For shovelnose sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus, the mean CPUA was significantly higher for benthic trawls and drifting trammel nets; 1998 and 1997; tributary mouths, bends, and connected secondary channels; and some channelized or least-altered inter-reservoir segments. One important advantage of our approach is the ability to reliably infer patterns of relative abundance by means of multiple gears without using gear efficiencies. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/M06-250.1","issn":"02755","usgsCitation":"Arab, A., Wildhaber, M., Wikle, C.K., and Gentry, C., 2008, Zero-inflated modeling of fish catch per unit area resulting from multiple gears: Application to channel catfish and shovelnose sturgeon in the Missouri River: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 28, no. 4, p. 1044-1058, https://doi.org/10.1577/M06-250.1.","startPage":"1044","endPage":"1058","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213137,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M06-250.1"},{"id":240730,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd267e4b08c986b32f7c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arab, A.","contributorId":71770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arab","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wildhaber, M. L. 0000-0002-6538-9083","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6538-9083","contributorId":62961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wildhaber","given":"M. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wikle, C. K.","contributorId":57975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wikle","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gentry, C.N.","contributorId":55646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gentry","given":"C.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033329,"text":"70033329 - 2008 - An overview of methods for developing bioenergetic and life history models for rare and endangered species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70033329","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An overview of methods for developing bioenergetic and life history models for rare and endangered species","docAbstract":"Many fish species are at risk to some degree, and conservation efforts are planned or underway to preserve sensitive populations. For many imperiled species, models could serve as useful tools for researchers and managers as they seek to understand individual growth, quantify predator-prey dynamics, and identify critical sources of mortality. Development and application of models for rare species however, has been constrained by small population sizes, difficulty in obtaining sampling permits, limited opportunities for funding, and regulations on how endangered species can be used in laboratory studies. Bioenergetic and life history models should help with endangered species-recovery planning since these types of models have been used successfully in the last 25 years to address management problems for many commercially and recreationally important fish species. In this paper we discuss five approaches to developing models and parameters for rare species. Borrowing model functions and parameters from related species is simple, but uncorroborated results can be misleading. Directly estimating parameters with laboratory studies may be possible for rare species that have locally abundant populations. Monte Carlo filtering can be used to estimate several parameters by means of performing simple laboratory growth experiments to first determine test criteria. Pattern-oriented modeling (POM) is a new and developing field of research that uses field-observed patterns to build, test, and parameterize models. Models developed using the POM approach are closely linked to field data, produce testable hypotheses, and require a close working relationship between modelers and empiricists. Artificial evolution in individual-based models can be used to gain insight into adaptive behaviors for poorly understood species and thus can fill in knowledge gaps. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/T05-045.1","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Petersen, J., DeAngelis, D., and Paukert, C., 2008, An overview of methods for developing bioenergetic and life history models for rare and endangered species: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 137, no. 1, p. 244-253, https://doi.org/10.1577/T05-045.1.","startPage":"244","endPage":"253","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487778,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1577/t05-045.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":213317,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T05-045.1"},{"id":240929,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"137","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eaabe4b0c8380cd489e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petersen, J.H.","contributorId":72154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeAngelis, D.L. 0000-0002-1570-4057","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":32470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"D.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paukert, C.P.","contributorId":10151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paukert","given":"C.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033330,"text":"70033330 - 2008 - Joint inversion of fundamental and higher mode Rayleigh waves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70033330","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1234,"text":"Chinese Journal of Geophysics (Acta Geophysica Sinica)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Joint inversion of fundamental and higher mode Rayleigh waves","docAbstract":"In this paper, we analyze the characteristics of the phase velocity of fundamental and higher mode Rayleigh waves in a six-layer earth model. The results show that fundamental mode is more sensitive to the shear velocities of shallow layers (< 7 m) and concentrated in a very narrow band (around 18 Hz) while higher modes are more sensitive to the parameters of relatively deeper layers and distributed over a wider frequency band. These properties provide a foundation of using a multi-mode joint inversion to define S-wave velocity. Inversion results of both synthetic data and a real-world example demonstrate that joint inversion with the damped least squares method and the SVD (Singular Value Decomposition) technique to invert Rayleigh waves of fundamental and higher modes can effectively reduce the ambiguity and improve the accuracy of inverted S-wave velocities.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chinese Journal of Geophysics (Acta Geophysica Sinica)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"Chinese","issn":"00015733","usgsCitation":"Luo, Y., Xia, J., Liu, J., and Liu, Q., 2008, Joint inversion of fundamental and higher mode Rayleigh waves: Chinese Journal of Geophysics (Acta Geophysica Sinica), v. 51, no. 1, p. 242-249.","startPage":"242","endPage":"249","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240930,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4001e4b0c8380cd649c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luo, Y.-H.","contributorId":25765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luo","given":"Y.-H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xia, J.-H.","contributorId":58105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xia","given":"J.-H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liu, J.-P.","contributorId":102695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"J.-P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liu, Q.-S.","contributorId":15017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Q.-S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033331,"text":"70033331 - 2008 - Measuring the electrical properties of soil using a calibrated ground-coupled GPR system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:37","indexId":"70033331","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Measuring the electrical properties of soil using a calibrated ground-coupled GPR system","docAbstract":"Traditional methods for estimating vadose zone soil properties using ground penetrating radar (GPR) include measuring travel time, fitting diffraction hyperbolae, and other methods exploiting geometry. Additional processing techniques for estimating soil properties are possible with properly calibrated GPR systems. Such calibration using ground-coupled antennas must account for the effects of the shallow soil on the antenna's response, because changing soil properties result in a changing antenna response. A prototype GPR system using ground-coupled antennas was calibrated using laboratory measurements and numerical simulations of the GPR components. Two methods for estimating subsurface properties that utilize the calibrated response were developed. First, a new nonlinear inversion algorithm to estimate shallow soil properties under ground-coupled antennas was evaluated. Tests with synthetic data showed that the inversion algorithm is well behaved across the allowed range of soil properties. A preliminary field test gave encouraging results, with estimated soil property uncertainties (????) of ??1.9 and ??4.4 mS/m for the relative dielectric permittivity and the electrical conductivity, respectively. Next, a deconvolution method for estimating the properties of subsurface reflectors with known shapes (e.g., pipes or planar interfaces) was developed. This method uses scattering matrices to account for the response of subsurface reflectors. The deconvolution method was evaluated for use with noisy data using synthetic data. Results indicate that the deconvolution method requires reflected waves with a signal/noise ratio of about 10:1 or greater. When applied to field data with a signal/noise ratio of 2:1, the method was able to estimate the reflection coefficient and relative permittivity, but the large uncertainty in this estimate precluded inversion for conductivity. ?? Soil Science Society of America.","largerWorkTitle":"Vadose Zone Journal","language":"English","doi":"10.2136/vzj2006.0128","issn":"15391663","usgsCitation":"Oden, C., Olhoeft, G., Wright, D., and Powers, M., 2008, Measuring the electrical properties of soil using a calibrated ground-coupled GPR system, <i>in</i> Vadose Zone Journal, v. 7, no. 1, p. 171-183, https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2006.0128.","startPage":"171","endPage":"183","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240872,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213264,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2006.0128"}],"volume":"7","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5353e4b0c8380cd6c9d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oden, C.P.","contributorId":13413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oden","given":"C.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olhoeft, G.R.","contributorId":10405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olhoeft","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wright, D.L.","contributorId":88758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Powers, M.H.","contributorId":40352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powers","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033340,"text":"70033340 - 2008 - Influence of pH on the acute toxicity of ammonia to juvenile freshwater mussels (fatmucket, Lampsills siliquoidea)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:36","indexId":"70033340","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of pH on the acute toxicity of ammonia to juvenile freshwater mussels (fatmucket, Lampsills siliquoidea)","docAbstract":"The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of pH on the toxicity of ammonia to juvenile freshwater mussels. Acute 96-h ammonia toxicity tests were conducted with 10-d-old juvenile mussels (fatmucket, Lampsilis siliquoidea) at five pH levels ranging from 6.5 to 9.0 in flow-through diluter systems at 20??C. Acute 48-h tests with amphipods (Hyalella azteca) and 96-h tests with oligochaetes (Lumbriculus variegatus) were conducted concurrently under the same test conditions to determine the sensitivity of mussels relative to these two commonly tested benthic invertebrate species. During the exposure, pH levels were maintained within 0.1 of a pH unit and ammonia concentrations were relatively constant through time (coefficient of variation for ammonia concentrations ranged from 2 to 30% with a median value of 7.9%). The median effective concentrations (EC50s) of total ammonia nitrogen (N) for mussels were at least two to six times lower than the EC50s for amphipods and oligochaetes, and the EC50s for mussels decreased with increasing pH and ranged from 88 mg N/L at pH 6.6 to 0.96 mg N/L at pH 9.0. The EC50s for mussels were at or below the final acute values used to derive the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's acute water quality criterion (WQC). However, the quantitative relationship between pH and ammonia toxicity to juvenile mussels was similar to the average relationship for other taxa reported in the WQC. These results indicate that including mussel toxicity data in a revision to the WQC would lower the acute criterion but not change the WQC mathematical representation of the relative effect of pH on ammonia toxicity. ?? 2008 SETAC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1897/07-193.1","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Wang, N., Erickson, R., Ingersoll, C., Ivey, C., Brunson, E., Augspurger, T., and Barnhart, M., 2008, Influence of pH on the acute toxicity of ammonia to juvenile freshwater mussels (fatmucket, Lampsills siliquoidea): Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 27, no. 5, p. 1141-1146, https://doi.org/10.1897/07-193.1.","startPage":"1141","endPage":"1146","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213320,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1897/07-193.1"},{"id":240933,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b62e4b0c8380cd624aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, N.","contributorId":81615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Erickson, R.J.","contributorId":8032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ingersoll, C.G. 0000-0003-4531-5949","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":56338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"C.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ivey, C.D.","contributorId":33876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ivey","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brunson, E.L.","contributorId":29924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brunson","given":"E.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Augspurger, T.","contributorId":81844,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Augspurger","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Barnhart, M.C.","contributorId":107410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhart","given":"M.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
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