Organochlorines were examined in liver and stable isotopes in muscle of fishes from the western Aleutian Islands, Alaska, in relation to islands or locations affected by military occupation. Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus), Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis), and rock greenling (Hexagrammos lagocephalus) were collected from nearshore waters at contemporary (decommissioned) and historical (World War II) military locations, as well as at reference locations. Total (Σ) polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) dominated the suite of organochlorine groups (ΣDDTs, Σchlordane cyclodienes, Σother cyclodienes, and Σchlorinated benzenes and cyclohexanes) detected in fishes at all locations, followed by ΣDDTs and Σchlordanes; dichlorodiphenyldi-chloroethylene (p,p′DDE) composed 52 to 66% of ΣDDTs by species. Organochlorine concentrations were higher or similar in cod compared to halibut and lowest in greenling; they were among the highest for fishes in Arctic or near Arctic waters. Organochlorine group concentrations varied among species and locations, but ΣPCB concentrations in all species were consistently higher at military locations than at reference locations. Moreover, all organochlorine group concentrations were higher in halibut from military locations than those from reference locations. A wide range of molecular weight organochlorines was detected at all locations, which implied regional or long-range transport and deposition, as well as local point-source contamination. Furthermore, a preponderance of higher-chlorinated PCB congeners in fishes from contemporary military islands implied recent exposure. Concentrations in all organochlorine groups increased with δ15N enrichment in fishes, and analyses of residual variation provided further evidence of different sources of ΣPCBs and p,p′DDE among species and locations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1897/08-498.1","usgsCitation":"Miles, A.K., Ricca, M., Anthony, R., and Estes, J.A., 2009, Organochlorine contaminants in fishes from coastal waters west of Amukta Pass, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, USA: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 28, no. 8, p. 1643-1654, https://doi.org/10.1897/08-498.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1643","endPage":"1654","ipdsId":"IP-007677","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345558,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Aleutian Islands, Amukta Pass","volume":"28","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b25b04e4b020cdf7db1fe7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miles, A. Keith 0000-0002-3108-808X keith_miles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3108-808X","contributorId":196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miles","given":"A.","email":"keith_miles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Keith","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ricca, Mark A.","contributorId":39736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ricca","given":"Mark A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anthony, Robert G.","contributorId":61324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anthony","given":"Robert G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Estes, James A. jim_estes@usgs.gov","contributorId":53325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"James","email":"jim_estes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":709858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":97720,"text":"sim3087 - 2009 - Status of Groundwater Levels and Storage Volume in the Equus Beds Aquifer Near Wichita, Kansas, January 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:26","indexId":"sim3087","displayToPublicDate":"2009-07-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3087","title":"Status of Groundwater Levels and Storage Volume in the Equus Beds Aquifer Near Wichita, Kansas, January 2009","docAbstract":"Beginning in the 1940s, the Wichita well field was developed in the Equus Beds aquifer in southwestern Harvey County and northwestern Sedgwick County to supply water to the city of Wichita (Williams and Lohman, 1949). In addition to supplying drinking water to the largest city in Kansas, the other primary use of water from the Equus Beds aquifer is to irrigate crops in this agriculture-dominated part of south-central Kansas (Rich Eubank, Kansas Department of Agriculture, Division of Water Resources, oral commun., 2008). The decline of water levels in the aquifer were noted soon after the development of the Wichita well field began (Williams and Lohman, 1949). As water levels in the aquifer decline, the volume of water stored in the aquifer decreases and less water is available to supply future needs. For many years the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the city of Wichita, has monitored these changes in water levels and the resulting changes in storage volume in the Equus Beds aquifer as part of Wichita's effort to effectively manage this resource. In 2007, the city of Wichita began using Phase I of the Equus Beds Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) project for large-scale artificial recharge of the Equus Beds aquifer. The ASR project uses water from the Little Arkansas River - either pumped from the river directly or from wells in the riverbank that obtain their water from the river by induced infiltration - as the source of artificial recharge to the Equus Beds aquifer (City of Wichita, 2009).","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sim3087","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Wichita, Kansas","usgsCitation":"Hansen, C.V., 2009, Status of Groundwater Levels and Storage Volume in the Equus Beds Aquifer Near Wichita, Kansas, January 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3087, Sheet: 28 x 26.5 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3087.","productDescription":"Sheet: 28 x 26.5 inches","temporalStart":"2009-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-01-31","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":111114,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_86871.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"86871"},{"id":125539,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3087.jpg"},{"id":12887,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3087/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.7,37.833333333333336 ], [ -97.7,38.083333333333336 ], [ -97.36666666666666,38.083333333333336 ], [ -97.36666666666666,37.833333333333336 ], [ -97.7,37.833333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db6983c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, Cristi V. chansen@usgs.gov","contributorId":435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Cristi","email":"chansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":302970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":97722,"text":"ofr20091122 - 2009 - Update of Watershed Regressions for Pesticides (WARP) for Predicting Atrazine Concentration in Streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:03","indexId":"ofr20091122","displayToPublicDate":"2009-07-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1122","title":"Update of Watershed Regressions for Pesticides (WARP) for Predicting Atrazine Concentration in Streams","docAbstract":"Regression models for predicting atrazine concentrations in streams were updated by incorporating refined annual atrazine-use estimates and by adding an explanatory variable representing annual precipitation characteristics. The updated Watershed Regressions for Pesticides (WARP) models enable improved predictions of specific pesticide-concentration statistics for unmonitored streams. \r\n\r\nfor unmonitored streams. Separate WARP regression models were derived for selected percentiles (5th, 10th, 15th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 85th, 90th and 95th), annual mean, annual maximum, and annual maximum moving-average (21-, 60-, and 90-day durations) concentration statistics. Development of the regression models involved the same model-development data, model-validation data, and regression methods as those used in the original development of WARP. The original WARP models were based on atrazine-use estimates from either 1992 or 1997. This update of the WARP models incorporates annual atrazine-use estimates. In addition, annual precipitation data were evaluated as potential explanatory variables.\r\n\r\nas potential explanatory variables. The updated WARP models include the same five explanatory variables and transformations that were used in the original WARP models, including the new annual atrazine-use data. The models also include a sixth explanatory variable, total precipitation during May and June of the year of sampling. The updated WARP models account for as much as 82 percent of the variability in the concentration statistics among the 112 sites used for model development, whereas previous WARP models accounted for no more than 77 percent. Concentration statistics predicted by the 95th percentile, annual mean, annual maximum and annual maximum moving-average concentration models were within a factor of 10 of the observed concentration statistics for most of the model development and validation sites.\r\n\r\nOverall, performance of the models for the development and validation sites supports the application of the WARP models for predicting atrazine-concentration statistics in streams and provides a framework to interpret the predictions in terms of uncertainty. For streams where direct measurements of atrazine are lacking, the updated WARP model predictions can be used to characterize the probable values of atrazine-concentration statistics for comparison to specific water-quality benchmarks.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091122","usgsCitation":"Stone, W.W., and Gilliom, R.J., 2009, Update of Watershed Regressions for Pesticides (WARP) for Predicting Atrazine Concentration in Streams: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1122, viii, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091122.","productDescription":"viii, 22 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125464,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2009_1122.jpg"},{"id":12888,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1122/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cee4b07f02db5459ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stone, Wesley W. 0000-0003-0239-2063 wwstone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0239-2063","contributorId":1496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Wesley","email":"wwstone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilliom, Robert J. rgilliom@usgs.gov","contributorId":488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilliom","given":"Robert","email":"rgilliom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97719,"text":"sim3081 - 2009 - Water-level altitudes 2009 and water-level changes in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper Aquifers and compaction 1973-2008 in the Chicot and Evangeline Aquifers, Houston-Galveston Region, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-29T16:53:55","indexId":"sim3081","displayToPublicDate":"2009-07-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3081","title":"Water-level altitudes 2009 and water-level changes in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper Aquifers and compaction 1973-2008 in the Chicot and Evangeline Aquifers, Houston-Galveston Region, Texas","docAbstract":"This report, done in cooperation with the Harris-Galveston Subsidence District, the City of Houston, the Fort Bend Subsidence District, and the Lone Star Groundwater Conservation District, is one in an annual series of reports that depicts water-level altitudes and water-level changes in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers, and compaction in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers in the Houston-Galveston region, Texas. The report (excluding appendixes) contains 16 sheets and 15 tables: 3 sheets are maps showing current-year (2009) water-level altitudes for each aquifer, respectively; 3 sheets are maps showing 1-year (2008-09) water-level changes for each aquifer, respectively; 3 sheets are maps showing 5-year (2004-09) water-level changes for each aquifer, respectively; 4 sheets are maps showing long-term (1990-2009 and 1977-2009) water-level changes for the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers, respectively; 1 sheet is a map showing long-term (2000-2009) water-level change for the Jasper aquifer; 1 sheet is a map showing site locations of borehole extensometers; and 1 sheet comprises graphs showing measured compaction of subsurface material at the sites from 1973 or later through 2008, respectively. Tables listing the data used to construct the aquifer-data maps and the compaction graphs are included.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3081","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Harris-Galveston Subsidence District, City of Houston, Fort Bend Subsidence District, and Lone Star Groundwater Conservation District","usgsCitation":"Kasmarek, M.C., Houston, N.A., and Ramage, J.K., 2009, Water-level altitudes 2009 and water-level changes in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper Aquifers and compaction 1973-2008 in the Chicot and Evangeline Aquifers, Houston-Galveston Region, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3081, Report: 11 p.; Figures; Appendixes; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3081.","productDescription":"Report: 11 p.; Figures; Appendixes; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1973-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118677,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3081.jpg"},{"id":12886,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3081/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Galveston, Houston","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.3505859375,\n 29.554345125748267\n ],\n [\n -94.52636718749999,\n 30.031055426540206\n ],\n [\n -94.7021484375,\n 30.29701788337205\n ],\n [\n -94.976806640625,\n 30.675715404167743\n ],\n [\n -95.07568359375,\n 30.829139422013956\n ],\n [\n -95.25970458984374,\n 30.954057859276126\n ],\n [\n -95.614013671875,\n 30.95876857077987\n ],\n [\n -96.064453125,\n 30.798474179567823\n ],\n [\n -96.2841796875,\n 30.64027517241868\n ],\n [\n -96.3446044921875,\n 30.462879341709886\n ],\n [\n -96.2237548828125,\n 30.073847754270204\n ],\n [\n -96.03149414062499,\n 29.410890376109\n ],\n [\n -95.82275390625,\n 29.080175989623203\n ],\n [\n -95.6304931640625,\n 28.9072060763367\n ],\n [\n -95.3558349609375,\n 28.8831596093235\n ],\n [\n -94.7515869140625,\n 29.291189838184863\n ],\n [\n -94.3505859375,\n 29.554345125748267\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd07e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kasmarek, Mark C. 0000-0003-2808-2506 mckasmar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2808-2506","contributorId":1968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kasmarek","given":"Mark","email":"mckasmar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Houston, Natalie A. 0000-0002-6071-4545 nhouston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6071-4545","contributorId":1682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houston","given":"Natalie","email":"nhouston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ramage, Jason K. 0000-0001-8014-2874 jkramage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8014-2874","contributorId":3856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramage","given":"Jason","email":"jkramage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70003741,"text":"70003741 - 2009 - Relations between sinkhole density and anthropogenic contaminants in selected carbonate aquifers in the eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-23T19:01:49.937979","indexId":"70003741","displayToPublicDate":"2009-07-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1534,"text":"Environmental Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relations between sinkhole density and anthropogenic contaminants in selected carbonate aquifers in the eastern United States","docAbstract":"The relation between sinkhole density and water quality was investigated in seven selected carbonate aquifers in the eastern United States. Sinkhole density for these aquifers was grouped into high (>25 sinkholes/100 km2), medium (1–25 sinkholes/100 km2), or low (<1 sinkhole/100 km2) categories using a geographical information system that included four independent databases covering parts of Alabama, Florida, Missouri, Pennsylvania, and Tennessee. Field measurements and concentrations of major ions, nitrate, and selected pesticides in samples from 451 wells and 70 springs were included in the water-quality database. Data were collected as a part of the US Geological Survey (USGS) National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program. Areas with high and medium sinkhole density had the greatest well depths and depths to water, the lowest concentrations of total dissolved solids and bicarbonate, the highest concentrations of dissolved oxygen, and the lowest partial pressure of CO2 compared to areas with low sinkhole density. These chemical indicators are consistent conceptually with a conduit-flow-dominated system in areas with a high density of sinkholes and a diffuse-flow-dominated system in areas with a low density of sinkholes. Higher cave density and spring discharge in Pennsylvania also support the concept that the high sinkhole density areas are dominated by conduit-flow systems. Concentrations of nitrate-N were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in areas with high and medium sinkhole density than in low sinkhole-density areas; when accounting for the variations in land use near the sampling sites, the high sinkhole-density area still had higher concentrations of nitrate-N than the low sinkhole-density area. Detection frequencies of atrazine, simazine, metolachlor, prometon, and the atrazine degradate deethylatrazine indicated a pattern similar to nitrate; highest pesticide detections were associated with high sinkhole-density areas. These patterns generally persisted when analyzing the detection frequency by land-use groups, particularly for agricultural land-use areas where pesticide use would be expected to be higher and more uniform areally compared to urban and forested areas. Although areas with agricultural land use and a high sinkhole density were most vulnerable (median nitrate-N concentration was 3.7 mg/L, 11% of samples exceeded 10 mg/L, and had the highest frequencies of pesticide detection), areas with agricultural land use and low sinkhole density still were vulnerable to contamination (median nitrate-N concentration was 1.5 mg/L, 8% of samples exceeded 10 mg/L, and had some of the highest frequencies of detections of pesticides). This may be due in part to incomplete or missing data regarding karst features (such as buried sinkholes, low-permeability material in bottom of sinkholes) that do not show up at the scales used for regional mapping and to inconsistent methods among states in karst feature delineation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12665-009-0252-9","usgsCitation":"Lindsey, B., Katz, B.G., Berndt, M., Ardis, A.F., and Skach, K.A., 2009, Relations between sinkhole density and anthropogenic contaminants in selected carbonate aquifers in the eastern United States: Environmental Earth Sciences, v. 60, no. 5, p. 1073-1090, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-009-0252-9.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1073","endPage":"1090","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":383606,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.5703125,\n 36.421282443649496\n ],\n [\n -88.9013671875,\n 36.421282443649496\n ],\n [\n -88.9013671875,\n 39.027718840211605\n ],\n [\n -94.5703125,\n 39.027718840211605\n ],\n [\n -94.5703125,\n 36.421282443649496\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"60","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67c1ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindsey, Bruce D. 0000-0002-7180-4319 blindsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7180-4319","contributorId":434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindsey","given":"Bruce D.","email":"blindsey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":348618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Katz, Brian G. bkatz@usgs.gov","contributorId":1093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katz","given":"Brian","email":"bkatz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":348619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Berndt, Marian P.","contributorId":45296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berndt","given":"Marian P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ardis, Ann F.","contributorId":96672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ardis","given":"Ann","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Skach, Kenneth A. kaskach@usgs.gov","contributorId":1894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skach","given":"Kenneth","email":"kaskach@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":348620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70199513,"text":"70199513 - 2009 - Peat accretion histories during the past 6,000 years in the marshes of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, CA, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-19T16:42:25","indexId":"70199513","displayToPublicDate":"2009-07-30T16:41:58","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Peat accretion histories during the past 6,000 years in the marshes of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, CA, USA","docAbstract":"The purpose of this study was to determine how vertical accretion rates in marshes vary through the millennia. Peat cores were collected in remnant and drained marshes in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta of California. Cubic smooth spline regression models were used to construct age–depth models and accretion histories for three remnant marshes. Estimated vertical accretion rates at these sites range from 0.03 to 0.49 cm year−1. The mean contribution of organic matter to soil volume at the remnant marsh sites is generally stable (4.73% to 6.94%), whereas the mean contribution of inorganic matter to soil volume has greater temporal variability (1.40% to 7.92%). The hydrogeomorphic position of each marsh largely determines the inorganic content of peat. Currently, the remnant marshes are keeping pace with sea level rise, but this balance may shift for at least one of the sites under future sea level rise scenarios.
","doi":"10.1007/s12237-009-9202-8","usgsCitation":"Drexler, J.Z., de Fontaine, C.S., and Brown, T., 2009, Peat accretion histories during the past 6,000 years in the marshes of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, CA, USA: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 32, no. 5, p. 871-892, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-009-9202-8.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"871","endPage":"892","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357522,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta","volume":"32","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10cbd4e4b034bf6a7f7efb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drexler, Judith Z. 0000-0002-0127-3866 jdrexler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0127-3866","contributorId":167492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drexler","given":"Judith","email":"jdrexler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"de Fontaine, Christian S.","contributorId":140339,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"de Fontaine","given":"Christian","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Thomas A.","contributorId":52817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Thomas A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":97717,"text":"sir20095101 - 2009 - Evaluation of Water-Chemistry and Water-Level Data at the Henderson Road Superfund Site, Upper Merion Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, 1991-2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-12T09:38:27","indexId":"sir20095101","displayToPublicDate":"2009-07-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5101","title":"Evaluation of Water-Chemistry and Water-Level Data at the Henderson Road Superfund Site, Upper Merion Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, 1991-2008","docAbstract":"Several shutdown-rebound tests have been conducted at the Henderson Road Superfund Site, which has been on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's National Priorities List since 1984. For a given test, the extraction wells are turned off, and water samples are collected from selected monitor wells at regular intervals before and during cessation of pumping to monitor for changes in chemical concentrations. A long-term shutdown-rebound test began on July 17, 2006. In support of this test, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted this study to determine the effects of shutting down on-site extraction wells on concentrations of selected contaminants and water levels. Concentrations were compared to ARARs (applicable relevant and appropriate requirements), which were set as remediation goals in the Henderson Road Site Record of Decision.\r\n\r\nWater from 10 wells in and near the source area and to the north, northeast, and northwest of the source area sampled in 2008 exceeded the 5.52 ug/L (micrograms per liter) ARAR for benzene. The greatest changes in benzene concentration between pre-shutdown samples collected in July 2006 and samples collected in February and March 2008 (19 months after the shutdown) were for wells in and north of the source area; increases in benzene concentration ranged from 1.5 to 164 ug/L.\r\n\r\nWater from five wells in the source area and to the north and northwest of the source area sampled in 2008 exceeded the 60 ug/L ARAR for chlorobenzene. The greatest changes in chlorobenzene concentration between pre-shutdown samples collected in July 2006 and samples collected in February and March 2008 were for wells north of the source area; increases in chlorobenzene concentration ranged from 6.9 to 99 ug/L. The highest concentrations of chlorobenzene were near or outside the northern site boundary, indicating chlorobenzene may have moved north away from the source area; however, no monitor well clusters are on the northern side of the Pennsylvania Turnpike, which is about 190 feet north of the source area. A much larger area was affected by chlorobenzene than benzene. Chlorobenzene concentrations decreased in the source area and increased at and beyond the site boundary.\r\n\r\nWater from four wells in and northeast of the source area sampled in 2008 exceeded the 5.06 ug/L ARAR for 1,1-dichloroethane (1,1-DCA). Increases in 1,1-DCA concentration between pre-shutdown samples collected in July 2006 and samples collected in February 2008 ranged from 0.4 to 20 ug/L. Water from two wells in the source area sampled in 2008 exceeded the 175 ug/L ARAR for total xylene. The 1,1-DCA and xylene plumes appear to extend in an east-northeast direction from the source area.\r\n\r\nLarge drawdowns in the Upper Merion Reservoir during droughts in 1998 and 2001 affected water levels in the Chester Valley and at the Henderson Road Site, except for well HR-17-170. After the drought of 2001, water levels in the Chester Valley showed a protracted recovery lasting from September 2001 until June 2005 (46 months).\r\n\r\nWater-level data were evaluated temporally for 1997-2008 and spatially for (1) June 16, 2003, when the extraction wells were pumping at the full rate prior to the start of the June 2003 shutdown test; (2) July 10, 2006, during the period of reduced pumping after the June 2003 shutdown test; and (3) February 25-29, 2008, when the extraction wells were not pumping. Except for well HR-5-195, wells were categorized as shallow, intermediate-depth, and deep wells. The potentiometric surface for shallow wells did not appear to be affected by pumping of the extraction wells. The general direction of ground-water flow was to the north. The potentiometric surface for intermediate-depth wells showed a cone of depression when the extraction wells were pumping at the full rate but did not show a cone of depression when the extraction wells were pumping at the reduced rate. The ground-water-flow direction was toward the north and northeast, similar to","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095101","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Sloto, R.A., 2009, Evaluation of Water-Chemistry and Water-Level Data at the Henderson Road Superfund Site, Upper Merion Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, 1991-2008: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5101, xii, 96 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095101.","productDescription":"xii, 96 p.","temporalStart":"1991-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118639,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5101.jpg"},{"id":12883,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5101/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.36666666666666,40.083333333333336 ], [ -75.36666666666666,40.11666666666667 ], [ -75.31666666666666,40.11666666666667 ], [ -75.31666666666666,40.083333333333336 ], [ -75.36666666666666,40.083333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5faf4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sloto, Ronald A. rasloto@usgs.gov","contributorId":424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sloto","given":"Ronald","email":"rasloto@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":97718,"text":"fs20093052 - 2009 - Everglades Depth Estimation Network (EDEN) Applications: Tools to View, Extract, Plot, and Manipulate EDEN Data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:28","indexId":"fs20093052","displayToPublicDate":"2009-07-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-3052","title":"Everglades Depth Estimation Network (EDEN) Applications: Tools to View, Extract, Plot, and Manipulate EDEN Data","docAbstract":"The Everglades Depth Estimation Network (EDEN) is an integrated system of real-time water-level monitoring, ground-elevation data, and water-surface elevation modeling to provide scientists and water managers with current on-line water-depth information for the entire freshwater part of the greater Everglades. To assist users in applying the EDEN data to their particular needs, a series of five EDEN tools, or applications (EDENapps), were developed. Using EDEN's tools, scientists can view the EDEN datasets of daily water-level and ground elevations, compute and view daily water depth and hydroperiod surfaces, extract data for user-specified locations, plot transects of water level, and animate water-level transects over time. Also, users can retrieve data from the EDEN datasets for analysis and display in other analysis software programs. As scientists and managers attempt to restore the natural volume, timing, and distribution of sheetflow in the wetlands, such information is invaluable. Information analyzed and presented with these tools is used to advise policy makers, planners, and decision makers of the potential effects of water management and restoration scenarios on the natural resources of the Everglades.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20093052","usgsCitation":"Telis, P.A., and Henkel, H., 2009, Everglades Depth Estimation Network (EDEN) Applications: Tools to View, Extract, Plot, and Manipulate EDEN Data: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2009-3052, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20093052.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125408,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2009_3052.jpg"},{"id":12884,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2009/3052/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6e34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Telis, Pamela A. patelis@usgs.gov","contributorId":64741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Telis","given":"Pamela","email":"patelis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henkel, Heather","contributorId":101759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henkel","given":"Heather","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97716,"text":"sir20095168 - 2009 - Specific Conductance and Dissolved-Solids Characteristics for the Green River and Muddy Creek, Wyoming, Water Years 1999-2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:31","indexId":"sir20095168","displayToPublicDate":"2009-07-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5168","title":"Specific Conductance and Dissolved-Solids Characteristics for the Green River and Muddy Creek, Wyoming, Water Years 1999-2008","docAbstract":"Southwestern Wyoming is an area of diverse scenery, wildlife, and natural resources that is actively undergoing energy development. The U.S. Department of the Interior's Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative is a long-term science-based effort to assess and enhance aquatic and terrestrial habitats at a landscape scale, while facilitating responsible energy development through local collaboration and partnerships. Water-quality monitoring has been conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey on the Green River near Green River, Wyoming, and Muddy Creek near Baggs, Wyoming. This monitoring, which is being conducted in cooperation with State and other Federal agencies and as part of the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative, is in response to concerns about potentially increased dissolved solids in the Colorado River Basin as a result of energy development. Because of the need to provide real-time dissolved-solids concentrations for the Green River and Muddy Creek on the World Wide Web, the U.S. Geological Survey developed regression equations to estimate dissolved-solids concentrations on the basis of continuous specific conductance using relations between measured specific conductance and dissolved-solids concentrations.\r\n\r\nSpecific conductance and dissolved-solids concentrations were less varied and generally lower for the Green River than for Muddy Creek. The median dissolved-solids concentration for the site on the Green River was 318 milligrams per liter, and the median concentration for the site on Muddy Creek was 943 milligrams per liter. Dissolved-solids concentrations ranged from 187 to 594 milligrams per liter in samples collected from the Green River during water years 1999-2008. Dissolved-solids concentrations ranged from 293 to 2,485 milligrams per liter in samples collected from Muddy Creek during water years 2006-08. The differences in dissolved-solids concentrations in samples collected from the Green River compared to samples collected from Muddy Creek reflect the different basin characteristics.\r\n\r\nRelations between specific conductance and dissolved-solids concentrations were statistically significant for the Green River (p-value less than 0.001) and Muddy Creek (p-value less than 0.001); therefore, specific conductance can be used to estimate dissolved-solids concentrations. Using continuous specific conductance values to estimate dissolved solids in real-time on the World Wide Web increases the amount and improves the timeliness of data available to water managers for assessing dissolved-solids concentrations in the Colorado River Basin.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095168","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management and the Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality","usgsCitation":"Clark, M.L., and Davidson, S.L., 2009, Specific Conductance and Dissolved-Solids Characteristics for the Green River and Muddy Creek, Wyoming, Water Years 1999-2008: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5168, vi, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095168.","productDescription":"vi, 18 p.","temporalStart":"1998-10-01","temporalEnd":"2008-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":684,"text":"Wyoming Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125669,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5168.jpg"},{"id":12882,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5168/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112,40.25 ], [ -112,43.5 ], [ -106,43.5 ], [ -106,40.25 ], [ -112,40.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2be4b07f02db612e53","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Melanie L. mlclark@usgs.gov","contributorId":1827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Melanie","email":"mlclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davidson, Seth L.","contributorId":63903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davidson","given":"Seth","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97714,"text":"sir20095094 - 2009 - Simulation of the Regional Ground-Water-Flow System and Ground-Water/Surface-Water Interaction in the Rock River Basin, Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:25","indexId":"sir20095094","displayToPublicDate":"2009-07-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5094","title":"Simulation of the Regional Ground-Water-Flow System and Ground-Water/Surface-Water Interaction in the Rock River Basin, Wisconsin","docAbstract":"A regional, two-dimensional, areal ground-water-flow model was developed to simulate the ground-water-flow system and ground-water/surface-water interaction in the Rock River Basin. The model was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Rock River Coalition. The objectives of the regional model were to improve understanding of the ground-water-flow system and to develop a tool suitable for evaluating the effects of potential regional water-management programs. The computer code GFLOW was used because of the ease with which the model can simulate ground-water/surface-water interactions, provide a framework for simulating regional ground-water-flow systems, and be refined in a stepwise fashion to incorporate new data and simulate ground-water-flow patterns at multiple scales.\r\n\r\nThe ground-water-flow model described in this report simulates the major hydrogeologic features of the modeled area, including bedrock and surficial aquifers, ground-water/surface-water interactions, and ground-water withdrawals from high-capacity wells. The steady-state model treats the ground-water-flow system as a single layer with hydraulic conductivity and base elevation zones that reflect the distribution of lithologic groups above the Precambrian bedrock and a regionally significant confining unit, the Maquoketa Formation. In the eastern part of the Basin where the shale-rich Maquoketa Formation is present, deep ground-water flow in the sandstone aquifer below the Maquoketa Formation was not simulated directly, but flow into this aquifer was incorporated into the GFLOW model from previous work in southeastern Wisconsin. Recharge was constrained primarily by stream base-flow estimates and was applied uniformly within zones guided by regional infiltration estimates for soils. The model includes average ground-water withdrawals from 1997 to 2006 for municipal wells and from 1997 to 2005 for high-capacity irrigation, industrial, and commercial wells. In addition, the model routes tributary base flow through the river network to the Rock River. The parameter-estimation code PEST was linked to the GFLOW model to select the combination of parameter values best able to match more than 8,000 water-level measurements and base-flow estimates at 9 streamgages.\r\n\r\nResults from the calibrated GFLOW model show simulated (1) ground-water-flow directions, (2) ground-water/surface-water interactions, as depicted in a map of gaining and losing river and lake sections, (3) ground-water contributing areas for selected tributary rivers, and (4) areas of relatively local ground water captured by rivers. Ground-water flow patterns are controlled primarily by river geometries, with most river sections gaining water from the ground-water-flow system; losing sections are most common on the downgradient shore of lakes and reservoirs or near major pumping centers. Ground-water contributing areas to tributary rivers generally coincide with surface watersheds; however the locations of ground-water divides are controlled by the water table, whereas surface-water divides are controlled by surface topography. Finally, areas of relatively local ground water captured by rivers generally extend upgradient from rivers but are modified by the regional flow pattern, such that these areas tend to shift toward regional ground-water divides for relatively small rivers.\r\n\r\nIt is important to recognize the limitations of this regional-scale model. Heterogeneities in subsurface properties and in recharge rates are considered only at a very broad scale (miles to tens of miles). No account is taken of vertical variations in properties or pumping rates, and no provision is made to account for stacked ground-water-flow systems that have different flow patterns at different depths. Small-scale flow systems (hundreds to thousands of feet) associated with minor water bodies are not considered; as a result, the model is not currently designed for simulating site-specifi","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095094","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Rock River Coalition","usgsCitation":"Juckem, P.F., 2009, Simulation of the Regional Ground-Water-Flow System and Ground-Water/Surface-Water Interaction in the Rock River Basin, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5094, Report: vi, 39 p.; 5 Appendixes (xls & csv), https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095094.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 39 p.; 5 Appendixes (xls & csv)","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125596,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5094.jpg"},{"id":12880,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5094/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -89.75,42.25 ], [ -89.75,44 ], [ -88,44 ], [ -88,42.25 ], [ -89.75,42.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f7e4b07f02db5f2197","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Juckem, Paul F. 0000-0002-3613-1761 pfjuckem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3613-1761","contributorId":1905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juckem","given":"Paul","email":"pfjuckem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":97713,"text":"tm4F1 - 2009 - Excel Spreadsheet Tools for Analyzing Groundwater Level Records and Displaying Information in ArcMap","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-03T00:10:04","indexId":"tm4F1","displayToPublicDate":"2009-07-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"4-F1","title":"Excel Spreadsheet Tools for Analyzing Groundwater Level Records and Displaying Information in ArcMap","docAbstract":"When beginning hydrologic investigations, a first action is often to gather existing sources of well information, compile this information into a single dataset, and visualize this information in a geographic information system (GIS) environment. This report presents tools (macros) developed using Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) for Microsoft Excel 2007 to assist in these tasks. One tool combines multiple datasets into a single worksheet and formats the resulting data for use by the other tools. A second tool produces summary information about the dataset, such as a list of unique site identification numbers, the number of water-level observations for each, and a table of the number of sites with a listed number of water-level observations. A third tool creates subsets of the original dataset based on user-specified options and produces a worksheet with water-level information for each well in the subset, including the average and standard deviation of water-level observations and maximum decline and rise in water levels between any two observations, among other information. This water-level information worksheet can be imported directly into ESRI ArcMap as an 'XY Data' file, and each of the fields of summary well information can be used for custom display. A separate set of VBA tools distributed in an additional Excel workbook creates hydrograph charts of each of the wells in the data subset produced by the aforementioned tools and produces portable document format (PDF) versions of the hydrograph charts. These PDF hydrographs can be hyperlinked to well locations in ArcMap or other GIS applications.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chapter 1 of Section F, Groundwater, of Book 4, Hydrologic Analysis and Interpretation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tm4F1","usgsCitation":"Tillman, F., 2009, Excel Spreadsheet Tools for Analyzing Groundwater Level Records and Displaying Information in ArcMap (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 4-F1, Report: vi, 59 p.; Spreadsheet Tools, https://doi.org/10.3133/tm4F1.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 59 p.; Spreadsheet Tools","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118603,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tm_4_f1.gif"},{"id":12869,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm4f1/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d9e4b07f02db5dfabb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tillman, Fred D. 0000-0002-2922-402X ftillman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2922-402X","contributorId":1629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillman","given":"Fred D.","email":"ftillman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":302955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":97707,"text":"sir20095082 - 2009 - Groundwater quality, age, and probability of contamination, Eagle River watershed valley-fill aquifer, north-central Colorado, 2006-2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-15T11:52:21","indexId":"sir20095082","displayToPublicDate":"2009-07-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5082","title":"Groundwater quality, age, and probability of contamination, Eagle River watershed valley-fill aquifer, north-central Colorado, 2006-2007","docAbstract":"The Eagle River watershed is located near the destination resort town of Vail, Colorado. The area has a fastgrowing permanent population, and the resort industry is rapidly expanding. A large percentage of the land undergoing development to support that growth overlies the Eagle River watershed valley-fill aquifer (ERWVFA), which likely has a high predisposition to groundwater contamination. As development continues, local organizations need tools to evaluate potential land-development effects on ground- and surface-water resources so that informed land-use and water management decisions can be made. To help develop these tools, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with Eagle County, the Eagle River Water and Sanitation District, the Town of Eagle, the Town of Gypsum, and the Upper Eagle Regional Water Authority, conducted a study in 2006-2007 of the groundwater quality, age, and probability of contamination in the ERWVFA, north-central Colorado.\r\n\r\nGround- and surface-water quality samples were analyzed for major ions, nutrients, stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen in water, tritium, dissolved gases, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) determined with very low-level laboratory methods. The major-ion data indicate that groundwaters in the ERWVFA can be classified into two major groups: groundwater that was recharged by infiltration of surface water, and groundwater that had less immediate recharge from surface water and had elevated sulfate concentrations. Sulfate concentrations exceeded the USEPA National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations (250 milligrams per liter) in many wells near Eagle, Gypsum, and Dotsero. The predominant source of sulfate to groundwater in the Eagle River watershed is the Eagle Valley Evaporite, which is a gypsum deposit of Pennsylvanian age located predominantly in the western one-half of Eagle County.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20095082","isbn":"9781411324879","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Eagle County, the Eagle River Water and Sanitation District, the Town of Eagle, the Town of Gypsum, and the Upper Eagle Regional Water Authority","usgsCitation":"Rupert, M.G., and Plummer, N., 2009, Groundwater quality, age, and probability of contamination, Eagle River watershed valley-fill aquifer, north-central Colorado, 2006-2007: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5082, viii, 59 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095082.","productDescription":"viii, 59 p.","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118629,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5082.jpg"},{"id":12862,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5082/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -107.16666666666667,39.333333333333336 ], [ -107.16666666666667,40 ], [ -106,40 ], [ -106,39.333333333333336 ], [ -107.16666666666667,39.333333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4878e4b07f02db510f5f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rupert, Michael G. mgrupert@usgs.gov","contributorId":1194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rupert","given":"Michael","email":"mgrupert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97712,"text":"fs20093059 - 2009 - The USGS and the Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-10-02T17:16:14","indexId":"fs20093059","displayToPublicDate":"2009-07-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-3059","title":"The USGS and the Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is committed to mapping, monitoring, and conducting research in the Gulf of Mexico and adjacent watersheds. Through a network of science centers in the five Gulf States and across the Nation, the USGS applies its biologic, geologic, geographic, and hydrologic expertise to provide unbiased scientific findings to decisionmakers, particularly members and supporters of the Gulf of Mexico Alliance (Gulf Alliance). The overarching goal of USGS Gulf Coast activities is to provide the scientific information, knowledge, and tools required to facilitate management decisions that promote restoration, increase coastal resilience, and mitigate risks associated with both artificial and natural hazards.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20093059","usgsCitation":"Dausman, A.M., and Spear, K., 2009, The USGS and the Gulf of Mexico (Revised September 10, 2012): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2009-3059, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20093059.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118562,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2009_3059.jpg"},{"id":12866,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2009/3059/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Revised September 10, 2012","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db668b5b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dausman, Alyssa M. adausman@usgs.gov","contributorId":1545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dausman","given":"Alyssa","email":"adausman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spear, Kate 0000-0001-8942-2856","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8942-2856","contributorId":29095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spear","given":"Kate","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97711,"text":"sir20095130 - 2009 - Modeling Flood Plain Hydrology and Forest Productivity of Congaree Swamp, South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-17T10:18:17","indexId":"sir20095130","displayToPublicDate":"2009-07-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5130","title":"Modeling Flood Plain Hydrology and Forest Productivity of Congaree Swamp, South Carolina","docAbstract":"An ecological field and modeling study was conducted to examine the flood relations of backswamp forests and park trails of the flood plain portion of Congaree National Park, S.C. Continuous water level gages were distributed across the length and width of the flood plain portion - referred to as 'Congaree Swamp' - to facilitate understanding of the lag and peak flood coupling with stage of the Congaree River. A severe and prolonged drought at study start in 2001 extended into late 2002 before backswamp zones circulated floodwaters. Water levels were monitored at 10 gaging stations over a 4-year period from 2002 to 2006. Historical water level stage and discharge data from the Congaree River were digitized from published sources and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) archives to obtain long-term daily averages for an upstream gage at Columbia, S.C., dating back to 1892. Elevation of ground surface was surveyed for all park trails, water level gages, and additional circuits of roads and boundaries. Rectified elevation data were interpolated into a digital elevation model of the park trail system. Regression models were applied to establish time lags and stage relations between gages at Columbia, S.C., and gages in the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the river and backswamp within the park. Flood relations among backswamp gages exhibited different retention and recession behavior between flood plain reaches with greater hydroperiod in the lower reach than those in the upper and middle reaches of the Congaree Swamp. A flood plain inundation model was developed from gage relations to predict critical river stages and potential inundation of hiking trails on a real-time basis and to forecast the 24-hour flood \r\n\r\nIn addition, tree-ring analysis was used to evaluate the effects of flood events and flooding history on forest resources at Congaree National Park. Tree cores were collected from populations of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), baldcypress (Taxodium distichum), water tupelo (Nyssa aquatica), green ash (Fraxinus pennslyvanica), laurel oak (Quercus laurifolia), swamp chestnut oak (Quercus michauxii), and sycamore (Plantanus occidentalis) within Congaree Swamp in highand low-elevation sites characteristic of shorter and longer flood duration and related to upriver flood controls and dam operation. Ring counts and dating indicated that all loblolly pine trees and nearly all baldcypress collections in this study are postsettlement recruits and old-growth cohorts, dating from 100 to 300 years in age. Most hardwood species and trees cored for age analysis were less than 100 years old, demonstrating robust growth and high site quality. Growth chronologies of loblolly pine and baldcypress exhibited positive and negative inflections over the last century that corresponded with climate history and residual effects of Hurricane Hugo in 1989. Stemwood production on average was less for trees and species on sites with longer flood retention and hydroperiod affected more by groundwater seepage and site elevation than river floods. Water level data provided evidence that stream regulation and operations of the Saluda Dam (post-1934) have actually increased the average daily water stage in the Congaree River. There was no difference in tree growth response by species or hydrogeomorphic setting to predam and postdam flood conditions and river stage. Climate-growth analysis showed that long-term growth variation is controlled more by spring/ summer temperatures in loblolly pine and by spring/summer precipitation in baldcypress than flooding history.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095130","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Doyle, T.W., 2009, Modeling Flood Plain Hydrology and Forest Productivity of Congaree Swamp, South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5130, vi, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095130.","productDescription":"vi, 46 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2002-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195020,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12865,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5130/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Congaree Swamp","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.2109375,\n 33.51391942394942\n ],\n [\n -81.2109375,\n 34.064036693555465\n ],\n [\n -80.277099609375,\n 34.064036693555465\n ],\n [\n -80.277099609375,\n 33.51391942394942\n ],\n [\n -81.2109375,\n 33.51391942394942\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699a3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doyle, Thomas W. 0000-0001-5754-0671 doylet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5754-0671","contributorId":703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doyle","given":"Thomas","email":"doylet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":97710,"text":"tm11C3 - 2009 - Estimating Prediction Uncertainty from Geographical Information System Raster Processing: A User's Manual for the Raster Error Propagation Tool (REPTool)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-02T17:16:07","indexId":"tm11C3","displayToPublicDate":"2009-07-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"11-C3","title":"Estimating Prediction Uncertainty from Geographical Information System Raster Processing: A User's Manual for the Raster Error Propagation Tool (REPTool)","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey Raster Error Propagation Tool (REPTool) is a custom tool for use with the Environmental System Research Institute (ESRI) ArcGIS Desktop application to estimate error propagation and prediction uncertainty in raster processing operations and geospatial modeling. REPTool is designed to introduce concepts of error and uncertainty in geospatial data and modeling and provide users of ArcGIS Desktop a geoprocessing tool and methodology to consider how error affects geospatial model output. Similar to other geoprocessing tools available in ArcGIS Desktop, REPTool can be run from a dialog window, from the ArcMap command line, or from a Python script.\r\n\r\nREPTool consists of public-domain, Python-based packages that implement Latin Hypercube Sampling within a probabilistic framework to track error propagation in geospatial models and quantitatively estimate the uncertainty of the model output. Users may specify error for each input raster or model coefficient represented in the geospatial model. The error for the input rasters may be specified as either spatially invariant or spatially variable across the spatial domain. Users may specify model output as a distribution of uncertainty for each raster cell. REPTool uses the Relative Variance Contribution method to quantify the relative error contribution from the two primary components in the geospatial model - errors in the model input data and coefficients of the model variables.\r\n\r\nREPTool is appropriate for many types of geospatial processing operations, modeling applications, and related research questions, including applications that consider spatially invariant or spatially variable error in geospatial data.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tm11C3","isbn":"9781411324305","usgsCitation":"Gurdak, J., Qi, S.L., and Geisler, M.L., 2009, Estimating Prediction Uncertainty from Geographical Information System Raster Processing: A User's Manual for the Raster Error Propagation Tool (REPTool): U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 11-C3, viii, 71 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm11C3.","productDescription":"viii, 71 p.","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118579,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tm_11_c3.gif"},{"id":12864,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/11c3/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc9a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gurdak, Jason J.","contributorId":65125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gurdak","given":"Jason J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Qi, Sharon L. 0000-0001-7278-4498 slqi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7278-4498","contributorId":1130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qi","given":"Sharon","email":"slqi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Geisler, Michael L.","contributorId":15727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geisler","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":97706,"text":"sir20095123 - 2009 - Hydrology of the Johnson Creek Basin, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-03T16:29:38.581016","indexId":"sir20095123","displayToPublicDate":"2009-07-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5123","title":"Hydrology of the Johnson Creek Basin, Oregon","docAbstract":"The Johnson Creek basin is an important resource in the Portland, Oregon, metropolitan area. Johnson Creek forms a wildlife and recreational corridor through densely populated areas of the cities of Milwaukie, Portland, and Gresham, and rural and agricultural areas of Multnomah and Clackamas Counties. The basin has changed as a result of agricultural and urban development, stream channelization, and construction of roads, drains, and other features characteristic of human occupation. Flooding of Johnson Creek is a concern for the public and for water management officials. The interaction of the groundwater and surface-water systems in the Johnson Creek basin also is important. The occurrence of flooding from high groundwater discharge and from a rising water table prompted this study. As the Portland metropolitan area continues to grow, human-induced effects on streams in the Johnson Creek basin will continue. This report provides information on the groundwater and surface-water systems over a range of hydrologic conditions, as well as the interaction these of systems, and will aid in management of water resources in the area. \r\n\r\nHigh and low flows of Crystal Springs Creek, a tributary to Johnson Creek, were explained by streamflow and groundwater levels collected for this study, and results from previous studies. High flows of Crystal Springs Creek began in summer 1996, and did not diminish until 2000. Low streamflow of Crystal Springs Creek occurred in 2005. Flow of Crystal Springs Creek related to water-level fluctuations in a nearby well, enabling prediction of streamflow based on groundwater level.\r\n\r\nHolgate Lake is an ephemeral lake in Southeast Portland that has inundated residential areas several times since the 1940s. The water-surface elevation of the lake closely tracked the elevation of the water table in a nearby well, indicating that the occurrence of the lake is an expression of the water table. Antecedent conditions of the groundwater level and autumn and winter precipitation totals were used to anticipate flooding of Holgate Lake.\r\n\r\nSeveral factors affect annual mean flow of Johnson Creek. More precipitation falls in the southeastern area of the basin because of the topographic setting. Runoff from much of the northern and western areas of the basin does not flow into Johnson Creek due to permeable deposits, interception by combined sewer systems, and by groundwater flow away from Johnson Creek. Inflow from Crystal Springs Creek accounts for one-half of the increase in streamflow of Johnson Creek between the Sycamore and Milwaukie sites.\r\n\r\nLow flows of Johnson Creek vary as a result of fluctuations in groundwater discharge to the creek, although past water uses may have decreased flows. The groundwater contributions to streamflow upstream of river mile (RM) 5.5 are small compared to contributions downstream of this point. Comparison of flows to a nearby basin indicates that diversions of surface water may have resulted in a 50 percent decrease in low flows from about 1955 to 1977.\r\n\r\nRunoff from the drainage basin area upstream of the Johnson Creek at Sycamore site contributes more to peak streamflow and peak volume than the drainage basin area between the Sycamore and Milwaukie sites. The average increase in annual peak streamflow and annual peak volume between the two sites was 11 and 24 percent, respectively. Decreased contribution in the lower area of the drainage basin is a result of infiltration, interception by drywell and combined sewer systems, and temporary overbank storage.\r\n\r\nTrends in flow typically associated with increasing urban development were absent in Johnson Creek. Annual, low, and high flows showed no trend from 1941 to 2006. Much of the infrastructure that may affect runoff from agricultural, residential, and urban development was in place prior to collection of hydrologic data in the basin. Management of stormwater in the urban areas by routing runoff from impervious surfaces to dry","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095123","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the city of Portland, the city of Gresham, the city of Milwaukie, Clackamas County's Water Environment Services, and Multnomah County","usgsCitation":"Lee, K.K., and Snyder, D.T., 2009, Hydrology of the Johnson Creek Basin, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5123, Report: viii, 57 p.; Plate: 24.00 x 16.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095123.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 57 p.; Plate: 24.00 x 16.00 inches","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118652,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5123.jpg"},{"id":12861,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5123/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.68333333333334,45.36666666666667 ], [ -122.68333333333334,45.534166666666664 ], [ -122.26666666666667,45.534166666666664 ], [ -122.26666666666667,45.36666666666667 ], [ -122.68333333333334,45.36666666666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a12e4b07f02db600b78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Karl K.","contributorId":41050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Karl","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Snyder, Daniel T. dtsnyder@usgs.gov","contributorId":820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"Daniel","email":"dtsnyder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":302944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97705,"text":"ofr20081223 - 2009 - Missouri River Emergent Sandbar Habitat Monitoring Plan - A Conceptual Framework for Adaptive Management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-05T11:22:13","indexId":"ofr20081223","displayToPublicDate":"2009-07-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1223","title":"Missouri River Emergent Sandbar Habitat Monitoring Plan - A Conceptual Framework for Adaptive Management","docAbstract":"Habitat conditions are one of the most important factors determining distribution and productivity of least terns (Sternula antillarum) and piping plovers (Charadrius melodus) in the upper Missouri River system (Ziewitz and others, 1992; Kruse and others, 2002). Habitat conditions are known to change within and among seasons in response to variation in river flows, weather conditions, and management actions targeted at providing for the needs of terns and plovers. Although these principles are generally agreed upon, there is little empirical information available on the quantity and quality of tern and plover habitats in this system, particularly with reference to the major life history events that must be supported (egg laying, incubation, and brood rearing). Habitat requirements for these events are composed of two major categories: nesting and foraging habitat. In the case of piping plovers, these two requirements must occur on the same area because plover chicks are constrained to foraging near nesting sites prior to fledging (Knetter and others, 2002; Haffner, 2005). In contrast, least terns chicks are fed by the adults, allowing food procurement for broods to occur outside the immediate nesting area; however, food resources must be close enough to nesting locations to minimize foraging time.\r\n\r\nThe complexity and dynamics of the upper Missouri River system introduce considerable uncertainty into how best to manage tern and plover habitats, and how best to evaluate the effectiveness of this management. An extensive program of habitat monitoring will be needed to address this complexity and support the management of least terns and piping plovers under the Missouri River Recovery Program. These needs are being addressed, in part, through a program of habitat creation and management targeted at improving quality and quantity of habitats for terns and plovers. Given the momentum of these projects and their associated costs, it is imperative that the capacity be available to quantify changes in managed habitats for least terns and piping plovers, so that management effectiveness can be evaluated.\r\n\r\nExtremely high flows and flooding of the Missouri River in 1997 created and improved vast amounts of nesting habitat for least terns and piping plovers. Since 1998, there has been an apparent loss and/or degradation of habitat throughout the river system. However, during the same timeframe reservoir water levels have declined, exposing extensive piping plover breeding habitat. For example, 64 percent of adult piping plovers using the Missouri River in 2005 were observed on reservoir habitats, and 43 percent were observed on Lake Sakakawea (Threatened and Endangered Species Section, Omaha District, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, unpub. data, 2006). Given the vast dynamics of this river and reservoir system, systemwide monitoring of habitat is clearly needed for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) to employ adaptive management (with respect to river operations) to provide most optimal conditions for the maintenance of breeding habitat of least terns and piping plovers. As a result of this need, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, began work on a habitat monitoring plan in 2005 as a conceptual framework for adaptive management.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081223","isbn":"9781411322158","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Sherfy, M.H., Stucker, J.H., and Anteau, M.J., 2009, Missouri River Emergent Sandbar Habitat Monitoring Plan - A Conceptual Framework for Adaptive Management: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1223, xiv, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081223.","productDescription":"xiv, 52 p.","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":12860,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1223/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":118463,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2008_1223.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108,39 ], [ -108,49 ], [ -95,49 ], [ -95,39 ], [ -108,39 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699bab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherfy, Mark H. 0000-0003-3016-4105 msherfy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3016-4105","contributorId":125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherfy","given":"Mark","email":"msherfy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stucker, Jennifer H. jstucker@usgs.gov","contributorId":3183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stucker","given":"Jennifer","email":"jstucker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anteau, Michael J. 0000-0002-5173-5870 manteau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5173-5870","contributorId":3427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anteau","given":"Michael","email":"manteau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":97703,"text":"fs20093057 - 2009 - California's Central Valley Groundwater Study: A Powerful New Tool to Assess Water Resources in California's Central Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:28","indexId":"fs20093057","displayToPublicDate":"2009-07-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-3057","title":"California's Central Valley Groundwater Study: A Powerful New Tool to Assess Water Resources in California's Central Valley","docAbstract":"Competition for water resources is growing throughout California, particularly in the Central Valley. Since 1980, the Central Valley's population has nearly doubled to 3.8 million people. It is expected to increase to 6 million by 2020. Statewide population growth, anticipated reductions in Colorado River water deliveries, drought, and the ecological crisis in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta have created an intense demand for water. Tools and information can be used to help manage the Central Valley aquifer system, an important State and national resource.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20093057","usgsCitation":"Faunt, C., Hanson, R.T., Belitz, K., and Rogers, L., 2009, California's Central Valley Groundwater Study: A Powerful New Tool to Assess Water Resources in California's Central Valley: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2009-3057, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20093057.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118559,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2009_3057.jpg"},{"id":12858,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2009/3057/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a06e4b07f02db5f8b26","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Faunt, Claudia C. 0000-0001-5659-7529 ccfaunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5659-7529","contributorId":1491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faunt","given":"Claudia C.","email":"ccfaunt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":302939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanson, Randall T. 0000-0002-9819-7141 rthanson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9819-7141","contributorId":801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"Randall","email":"rthanson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rogers, Laurel","contributorId":98829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"Laurel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}