Quartz-pebble-conglomerate gold deposits represent the largest repository of gold on Earth, largely due to the deposits of the Witwatersrand Basin, which account for nearly 40 percent of the total gold produced throughout Earth’s history. This deposit type has had a controversial history in regards to genetic models. However, most researchers conclude that they are paleoplacer deposits that have been modified by metamorphism and hydrothermal fluid flow subsequent to initial sedimentation.
The deposits are found exclusively within fault-bounded depositional basins. The periphery of these basins commonly consists of granite-greenstone terranes, classic hosts for lode gold that source the detrital material infilling the basin. The gold reefs are typically located along unconformities or, less commonly, at the top of sedimentary beds. Large quartz pebbles and heavy-mineral concentrates are found associated with the gold. Deposits that formed prior to the Great Oxidation Event (circa 2.4 giga-annum [Ga]) contain pyrite, whereas younger deposits contain iron oxides. Uranium minerals and hydrocarbons are also notable features of some deposits.
Much of the gold in these types of deposits forms crystalline features that are the product of local remobilization. However, some gold grains preserve textures that are undoubtedly of detrital origin. Other heavy minerals, such as pyrite, contain growth banding that is truncated along broken margins, which indicates that they were transported into place as opposed to forming by in situ growth in a hydrothermal setting.
The ore tailings associated with these deposits commonly contain uranium-rich minerals and sulfides. Oxidation of the sulfides releases sulfuric acid and mobilizes various metals into the environment. The neutralizing potential of the tailings is minimal, since carbonate minerals are rare. The continuity of the tabular ore bodies, such as those of the Witwatersrand Basin, has allowed these mines to be the deepest in the world. The extreme depths create engineering complications and safety issues for the miners, such as rock bursts as a result of pressure release.
The richness of these deposits makes them a desirable exploration target. However, the likelihood of future discoveries is minimal. Small deposits found in the United States include those found at Nemo in the Black Hills of South Dakota and Deep Lake in the Sierra Madre of Wyoming.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20105070P","usgsCitation":"Taylor, R.D., and Anderson, E.D., 2018, Quartz-pebble-conglomerate gold deposits: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010–5070–P, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105070P","productDescription":"v, 34 p.","numberOfPages":"44","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-086517","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354221,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5070/p/sir20105070p.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.50 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2010–5070–P"},{"id":354220,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5070/p/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Director, Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS–973
Denver, CO 80225
Specific conductance (SC), soil volumetric water content (VWC), and discharge were monitored on a subsurface agricultural drain for a 2-yr period (2007–2008) to differentiate preferential flow paths from matrix flow paths. A major observation from the 2-yr period was the fast SC decrease after relatively small rainfall events, often <5 mm. A total of 25 paired rainfall–SC events were classified, with an average preferential flow onset time (from the event start) after 1.7 h and maximum preferential flow after 2.4 h. A specific conductance end-member mixing analysis (SC-EMMA) was used to determine the volume of water that infiltrated through preferential flow pathways. The SC-EMMA was used for 20 of the 25 paired rainfall–SC events; of the 20 classified events, the maximum preferential flow ranged from 11 to 75% of the total subsurface drain flow, with a mean maximum preferential flow of 31%. Overall, SC-EMMA illustrated that a significant portion of the subsurface drain discharge can be attributed to preferential flow, mainly through macropores or other largely open preferential flow pathways. The other primary mechanism, antecedent moisture conditions shifts, could only be shown for four of the 25 classified events. Specific conductance as a tracer of preferential flow was shown to be an effective tool for distinguishing preferential flow to subsurface drains. Even during relatively dry periods, the SC had a substantial decrease shortly after a rainfall event contrary to the conventional idea that macropore flow starts only after all the smaller pores are saturated and surface ponding begins to occur.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2136/vzj2017.11.0206","usgsCitation":"Smith, E.A., and Capel, P.D., 2018, Specific conductance as a tracer of preferential flow in a subsurface-drained field: Vadose Zone Journal, v. 17, no. 1, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2017.11.0206.","productDescription":"13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-030091","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468747,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2017.11.0206","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":370106,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","county":"Hamilton County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-93.5002,42.557],[-93.4996,42.4702],[-93.4641,42.4698],[-93.4642,42.3821],[-93.4636,42.2948],[-93.4643,42.2081],[-93.5844,42.2081],[-93.7009,42.2079],[-93.8179,42.2081],[-93.9319,42.2087],[-93.9324,42.2955],[-93.9324,42.3827],[-93.9323,42.4709],[-93.9727,42.4716],[-93.972,42.5566],[-93.8563,42.557],[-93.7367,42.5568],[-93.6191,42.5565],[-93.5002,42.557]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Hamilton\",\"state\":\"IA\"}}]}","volume":"17","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-05-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Erik A. 0000-0001-8434-0798 easmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8434-0798","contributorId":1405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Erik","email":"easmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Capel, Paul D. 0000-0003-1620-5185 capel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1620-5185","contributorId":1002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Capel","given":"Paul","email":"capel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70046497,"text":"70046497 - 2018 - Succession in ecological education","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-13T11:06:20","indexId":"70046497","displayToPublicDate":"2018-05-17T11:07:44","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Succession in ecological education","docAbstract":"As complex and dynamic systems, wetlands offer the opportunity to investigate and incorporate the ecological concept of succession in educational settings. For example, the well-known, classic hydrosere concept is illustrated in numerous ecology and life-science textbooks. In this chapter, the drawbacks of using the hydrosere successional concept are assessed, and two examples of using wetlands to illustrate the process of succession for educational purposes are described. In each case, the premise and approach is that students best “learn ecology by doing ecology.”
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The wetland book: Structure and function, management, and methods","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-90-481-9659-3_6","usgsCitation":"Middleton, B.A., and Gibson, D.J., 2018, Succession in ecological education, chap. of The wetland book: Structure and function, management, and methods, p. 47-53, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9659-3_6.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"53","ipdsId":"IP-040452","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357227,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-05-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a2c5e4b0702d0e842fdc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Middleton, Beth A. 0000-0002-1220-2326 middletonb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1220-2326","contributorId":2029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Middleton","given":"Beth","email":"middletonb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gibson, David J.","contributorId":140174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gibson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13212,"text":"Southern Illinois University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":517990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70194694,"text":"sir20175154 - 2018 - Surface-water quality in the Lycoming Creek watershed, north-central Pennsylvania, August 1–3, 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-17T16:50:52","indexId":"sir20175154","displayToPublicDate":"2018-05-17T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5154","title":"Surface-water quality in the Lycoming Creek watershed, north-central Pennsylvania, August 1–3, 2011","docAbstract":"This report presents the methodology and results for a study of surface-water quality of the Lycoming Creek watershed in north-central Pennsylvania during August 1–3, 2011. The study was done in cooperation with the Williamsport Municipal Water Authority and the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection. Samples of stream water were collected from 31 sites in an area of exploration and production of natural gas from the Marcellus Shale – 5 sites on the main stem of Lycoming Creek and 26 sites on tributary streams. The samples provide a snapshot of the base-flow water-quality conditions, which helps document the spatial variability in water-quality and could be useful for assessing future changes.
The 272-square mile Lycoming Creek watershed is located within Lycoming, Tioga, and Sullivan Counties in north-central Pennsylvania. Lycoming Creek flows 37.5 miles to its confluence with the West Branch Susquehanna River in the city of Williamsport. A well field that supplies water for Williamsport captures some water that has infiltrated the streambed of Lycoming Creek. Because the stream provides a source of water to the well field, this study focused on the stream-water quality as it relates to drinking-water standards as opposed to aquatic life.
Surface-water samples collected at 20 sites by the U.S. Geological Survey and 11 sites by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection were analyzed by each agency for a suite of constituents that included major ions, trace metals, nutrients, and radiochemicals. None of the analytical results failed to meet standards set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as maximum contaminant levels for drinking water.
Results of the sampling show the substantial spatial variability in base-flow water quality within the Lycoming Creek watershed caused by the interrelated effects of physiography, geology and land use. Dissolved-solids concentrations ranged from less than the laboratory reporting level of 12 milligrams per liter (mg/L) in Wolf Run, a pristine forested watershed, to 202 mg/L in Bottle Run, a watershed with more development near Williamsport. Concentrations of the major ions ranged over at least one order of magnitude; chloride had the largest range from 0.3 to 45.4 mg/L, with nine samples exceeding the natural background level of about 5 mg/L, most likely because of the application of deicing salt to roads. Trace constituents were even more variable, with concentrations for aluminum, cobalt, and manganese ranging over almost four orders of magnitude. Samples from Red Run and Dutchman Run, watersheds that experienced past coal mining activity, had concentrations of 11 metals that were significantly greater than in samples collected from other streams. Samples from Bottle Run, the tributary of Lycoming Creek nearest to Williamsport, contained elevated levels of chloride and boron, constituents associated with urban development.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175154","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Williamsport Municipal Water Authority","usgsCitation":"Risser, D.W., and Conlon, M.D., 2018, Surface-water quality in the Lycoming Creek watershed, north-central Pennsylvania, August 1–3, 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5154, 77 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175154.","productDescription":"ix, 77 p.","numberOfPages":"91","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-043927","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354219,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5154/sir20175154.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.23 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017-5154"},{"id":354218,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5154/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Lycoming Creek Watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.1667,\n 41.2\n ],\n [\n -76.6667,\n 41.2\n ],\n [\n -76.6667,\n 41.6667\n ],\n [\n -77.1667,\n 41.6667\n ],\n [\n -77.1667,\n 41.2\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Pennsylvania Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
215 Limekiln Road
New Cumberland, PA. 17070
Migratory species can experience limiting factors at different locations and during different periods of their annual cycle. In migratory birds, these factors may even occur in different hemispheres. Therefore, identifying the distribution of populations throughout their annual cycle (i.e., migratory connectivity) can reveal the complex ecological and evolutionary relationships that link species and ecosystems across the globe and illuminate where and how limiting factors influence population trends. A growing body of literature continues to identify species that exhibit weak connectivity wherein individuals from distinct breeding areas co-occur during the nonbreeding period. A detailed account of a broadly distributed species exhibiting strong migratory connectivity in which nonbreeding isolation of populations is associated with differential population trends remains undescribed. Here, we present a range-wide assessment of the nonbreeding distribution and migratory connectivity of two broadly dispersed Nearctic-Neotropical migratory songbirds. We used geolocators to track the movements of 70 Vermivora warblers from sites spanning their breeding distribution in eastern North America and identified links between breeding populations and nonbreeding areas. Unlike blue-winged warblers (Vermivora cyanoptera), breeding populations of golden-winged warblers (Vermivora chrysoptera) exhibited strong migratory connectivity, which was associated with historical trends in breeding populations: stable for populations that winter in Central America and declining for those that winter in northern South America.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1718985115","usgsCitation":"Kramer, G.R., Andersen, D.E., Buehler, D.A., Wood, P.B., Peterson, S.M., Lehman, J.A., Aldinger, K.R., Bulluck, L.P., Harding, S.R., Jones, J.A., Loegering, J.P., Smalling, C.G., Vallender, R., and Streby, H.M., 2018, Population trends in Vermivora warblers are linked to strong migratory connectivity: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 115, no. 14, p. E3192-E3200, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1718985115.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"E3192","endPage":"E3200","ipdsId":"IP-092348","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468754,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1718985115","text":"External Repository"},{"id":354256,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"115","issue":"14","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6b6e4b0da30c1bfbd56","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kramer, Gunnar R.","contributorId":94184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kramer","given":"Gunnar","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":34539,"text":"Minnesota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andersen, David E. 0000-0001-9535-3404 dea@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9535-3404","contributorId":199408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"David","email":"dea@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buehler, David A.","contributorId":176238,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buehler","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wood, Petra B. 0000-0002-8575-1705 pbwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8575-1705","contributorId":199090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Petra","email":"pbwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peterson, Sean M.","contributorId":9354,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":34539,"text":"Minnesota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":13013,"text":"Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lehman, Justin A.","contributorId":166944,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lehman","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Aldinger, Kyle R.","contributorId":171892,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aldinger","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12432,"text":"West Virginia University","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":34541,"text":"West Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bulluck, Lesley P.","contributorId":204987,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bulluck","given":"Lesley","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Harding, Sergio R.","contributorId":198906,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harding","given":"Sergio","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Jones, John A.","contributorId":200310,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Loegering, John P.","contributorId":166933,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loegering","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":33353,"text":"University of Minnesota, Crookston","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Smalling, Curtis G.","contributorId":191724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smalling","given":"Curtis","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":33352,"text":"Audubon North Carolina","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Vallender, Rachel","contributorId":194966,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vallender","given":"Rachel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34540,"text":"Canadian Museum of Nature","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":27312,"text":"Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 6 Bruce Street, Mount","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Streby, Henry M.","contributorId":11024,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Streby","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12455,"text":"University of Toledo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70197121,"text":"70197121 - 2018 - Three-dimensional geophysical mapping of shallow water saturated altered rocks at Mount Baker, Washington: Implications for slope stability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-17T16:37:43","indexId":"70197121","displayToPublicDate":"2018-05-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Three-dimensional geophysical mapping of shallow water saturated altered rocks at Mount Baker, Washington: Implications for slope stability","docAbstract":"Water-saturated hydrothermal alteration reduces the strength of volcanic edifices, increasing the potential for catastrophic sector collapses that can lead to far traveled and destructive debris flows. Intense hydrothermal alteration significantly lowers the resistivity and magnetization of volcanic rock and therefore hydrothermally altered rocks can be identified with helicopter electromagnetic and magnetic measurements. Geophysical models constrained by rock properties and geologic mapping show that intensely altered rock is restricted to two small (500 m diameter), >150 m thick regions around Sherman Crater and Dorr Fumarole Field at Mount Baker, Washington. This distribution of alteration contrasts with much thicker and widespread alteration encompassing the summits of Mounts Adams and Rainier prior to the 5600 year old Osceola collapse, which is most likely due to extreme erosion and the limited duration of summit magmatism at Mount Baker. In addition, the models suggest that the upper ~300 m of rock contains water which could help to lubricate potential debris flows. Slope stability modeling incorporating the geophysically modeled distribution of alteration and water indicates that the most likely and largest (~0.1 km3) collapses are from the east side of Sherman Crater. Alteration at Dorr Fumarole Field raises the collapse hazard there, but not significantly because of its lower slope angles. Geochemistry and analogs from other volcanoes suggest a model for the edifice hydrothermal system.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2018.04.013","usgsCitation":"Finn, C., Deszcz-Pan, M., Ball, J.L., Bloss, B.J., and Minsley, B.J., 2018, Three-dimensional geophysical mapping of shallow water saturated altered rocks at Mount Baker, Washington: Implications for slope stability: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 357, p. 261-275, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2018.04.013.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"261","endPage":"275","ipdsId":"IP-092862","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354291,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount Baker","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.8667,\n 48.8\n ],\n [\n -121.7667,\n 48.8\n ],\n [\n -121.7667,\n 48.75\n ],\n [\n -121.8667,\n 48.75\n ],\n [\n -121.8667,\n 48.8\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"357","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6b4e4b0da30c1bfbd4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finn, Carol A. 0000-0002-6178-0405","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6178-0405","contributorId":205010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"Carol A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":735738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Deszcz-Pan, Maria 0000-0002-6298-5314","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6298-5314","contributorId":201859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deszcz-Pan","given":"Maria","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":735739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ball, Jessica L. 0000-0002-7837-8180 jlball@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7837-8180","contributorId":205012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"Jessica","email":"jlball@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bloss, Benjamin J. 0000-0002-1678-8571","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1678-8571","contributorId":205011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bloss","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":735741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Minsley, Burke J. 0000-0003-1689-1306 bminsley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1689-1306","contributorId":697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minsley","given":"Burke","email":"bminsley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70196934,"text":"70196934 - 2018 - Integrating real-time subsurface hydrologic monitoring with empirical rainfall thresholds to improve landslide early warning","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-10T11:32:27","indexId":"70196934","displayToPublicDate":"2018-05-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2604,"text":"Landslides","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrating real-time subsurface hydrologic monitoring with empirical rainfall thresholds to improve landslide early warning","docAbstract":"Early warning for rainfall-induced shallow landsliding can help reduce fatalities and economic losses. Although these commonly occurring landslides are typically triggered by subsurface hydrological processes, most early warning criteria rely exclusively on empirical rainfall thresholds and other indirect proxies for subsurface wetness. We explore the utility of explicitly accounting for antecedent wetness by integrating real-time subsurface hydrologic measurements into landslide early warning criteria. Our efforts build on previous progress with rainfall thresholds, monitoring, and numerical modeling along the landslide-prone railway corridor between Everett and Seattle, Washington, USA. We propose a modification to a previously established recent versus antecedent (RA) cumulative rainfall thresholds by replacing the antecedent 15-day rainfall component with an average saturation observed over the same timeframe. We calculate this antecedent saturation with real-time telemetered measurements from five volumetric water content probes installed in the shallow subsurface within a steep vegetated hillslope. Our hybrid rainfall versus saturation (RS) threshold still relies on the same recent 3-day rainfall component as the existing RA thresholds, to facilitate ready integration with quantitative precipitation forecasts. During the 2015–2017 monitoring period, this RS hybrid approach has an increase of true positives and a decrease of false positives and false negatives relative to the previous RA rainfall-only thresholds. We also demonstrate that alternative hybrid threshold formats could be even more accurate, which suggests that further development and testing during future landslide seasons is needed. The positive results confirm that accounting for antecedent wetness conditions with direct subsurface hydrologic measurements can improve thresholds for alert systems and early warning of rainfall-induced shallow landsliding.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10346-018-0995-z","usgsCitation":"Mirus, B.B., Becker, R.E., Baum, R.L., and Smith, J.B., 2018, Integrating real-time subsurface hydrologic monitoring with empirical rainfall thresholds to improve landslide early warning: Landslides, v. 15, no. 10, p. 1909-1919, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-018-0995-z.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1909","endPage":"1919","ipdsId":"IP-093501","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354283,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6bae4b0da30c1bfbd6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mirus, Benjamin B. 0000-0001-5550-014X bbmirus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5550-014X","contributorId":4064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mirus","given":"Benjamin","email":"bbmirus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5077,"text":"Northwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Becker, Rachel E. 0000-0002-2546-1706","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2546-1706","contributorId":204809,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Becker","given":"Rachel","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baum, Rex L. 0000-0001-5337-1970 baum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-1970","contributorId":1288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baum","given":"Rex","email":"baum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Joel B. 0000-0001-7219-7875 jbsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7219-7875","contributorId":4925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Joel","email":"jbsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70197007,"text":"70197007 - 2018 - Generalist feeding strategies in Arctic freshwater fish: A mechanism for dealing with extreme environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-12T14:04:32","indexId":"70197007","displayToPublicDate":"2018-05-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Generalist feeding strategies in Arctic freshwater fish: A mechanism for dealing with extreme environments","docAbstract":"Generalist feeding strategies are favoured in stressful or variable environments where flexibility in ecological traits is beneficial. Species that feed across multiple habitat types and trophic levels may impart stability on food webs through the use of readily available, alternative energy pools. In lakes, generalist fish species may take advantage of spatially and temporally variable prey by consuming both benthic and pelagic prey to meet their energy demands. Using stomach content and stable isotope analyses, we examined the feeding habits of fish species in Alaska's Arctic Coastal Plain (ACP) lakes to determine the prevalence of generalist feeding strategies as a mechanism for persistence in extreme environments (e.g. low productivity, extreme cold and short growing season). Generalist and flexible feeding strategies were evident in five common fish species. Fish fed on benthic and pelagic (or nektonic) prey and across trophic levels. Three species were clearly omnivorous, feeding on fish and their shared invertebrate prey. Dietary differences based on stomach content analysis often exceeded 70%, and overlap in dietary niches based on shared isotopic space varied from zero to 40%. Metrics of community‐wide trophic structure varied with the number and identity of species involved and on the dietary overlap and niche size of individual fishes. Accumulation of energy from shared carbon sources by Arctic fishes creates redundancy in food webs, increasing likely resistance to perturbations or stochastic events. Therefore, the generalist and omnivorous feeding strategies employed by ACP fish may maintain energy flow and food web stability in extreme environments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eff.12391","usgsCitation":"Laske, S.M., Rosenberger, A.E., Wipfli, M.S., and Zimmerman, C.E., 2018, Generalist feeding strategies in Arctic freshwater fish: A mechanism for dealing with extreme environments: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 27, no. 3, p. 767-784, https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12391.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"767","endPage":"784","ipdsId":"IP-088949","costCenters":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437892,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7TQ60CH","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Fish Species Composition and Diet Information in Lakes of the Arctic Coastal Plain, Alaska, 2011-2013"},{"id":354274,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6b9e4b0da30c1bfbd6a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Laske, Sarah M. 0000-0002-6096-0420 slaske@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6096-0420","contributorId":204872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laske","given":"Sarah","email":"slaske@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosenberger, Amanda E. 0000-0002-5520-8349 arosenberger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5520-8349","contributorId":5581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberger","given":"Amanda","email":"arosenberger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wipfli, Mark S. 0000-0002-4856-6068 mwipfli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4856-6068","contributorId":1425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wipfli","given":"Mark","email":"mwipfli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zimmerman, Christian E. 0000-0002-3646-0688 czimmerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-0688","contributorId":410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Christian","email":"czimmerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70197049,"text":"70197049 - 2018 - Raptor nest-site use in relation to the proximity of coalbed methane development","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-15T22:29:35.106187","indexId":"70197049","displayToPublicDate":"2018-05-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":771,"text":"Animal Biodiversity and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Raptor nest-site use in relation to the proximity of coalbed methane development","docAbstract":"Raptor nest–site use in relation to the proximity of coalbed–methane development. Energy development such as coalbed–methane (CBM) extraction is a major land use with largely unknown consequences for many animal species. Some raptor species may be especially vulnerable to habitat changes due to energy development given their ecological requirements and population trajectories. Using 12,977 observations of 3,074 nests of 12 raptor species across nine years (2003–2011) in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming, USA, we evaluated relationships between raptor nest–site use and CBM development. Our objectives were to determine temporal trends in nest–use rates, and whether nest–site use was related to the proximity of CBM development. Across the study area, nest–use rates varied across species and years in a non–linear fashion. We developed a novel randomization test to assess differences in use between nests at developed and undeveloped sites, while controlling for annual variation in nest–site use. Red–tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis), burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia), and long–eared owls (Asio otus) used nests in undeveloped areas more than nests in developed areas (i.e. nests near CBM development). Differences between development groups were equivocal for the remaining nine species; however, we caution that we likely had lower statistical power to detect differences for rarer species. Our findings suggest potential avoidance of nesting in areas near CBM development by some species and reveal that CBM effects may be fairly consistent across distances between 400–2,415 m from wells. Future work should consider habitat preferences and fitness outcomes, and control for other key factors such as local prey availability, raptor densities, and weather.
","language":"English","publisher":"Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona","doi":"10.32800/abc.2018.41.0227","usgsCitation":"Carlile, J., Sanders, L.E., Chalfoun, A.D., and Gerow, K., 2018, Raptor nest-site use in relation to the proximity of coalbed methane development: Animal Biodiversity and Conservation, v. 41, no. 2, p. 227-243, https://doi.org/10.32800/abc.2018.41.0227.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"227","endPage":"243","ipdsId":"IP-079243","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468751,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.32800/abc.2018.41.0227","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":354276,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Powder River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.87451171875,\n 44.99588261816546\n ],\n [\n -108.43505859374999,\n 44.55916341529182\n ],\n [\n -107.75390625,\n 44.22945656830167\n ],\n [\n -107.60009765625,\n 43.96119063892024\n ],\n [\n -107.46826171874999,\n 43.75522505306928\n ],\n [\n -107.666015625,\n 43.40504748787035\n ],\n [\n -108.25927734375,\n 42.71473218539458\n ],\n [\n -104.56787109374999,\n 42.69858589169842\n ],\n [\n -104.5458984375,\n 44.98034238084973\n ],\n [\n -108.87451171875,\n 44.99588261816546\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6b9e4b0da30c1bfbd68","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlile, J.D.","contributorId":205000,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carlile","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sanders, Lindsey E.","contributorId":173998,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sanders","given":"Lindsey","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6656,"text":"University of Wyoming, Renewable Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chalfoun, Anna D. 0000-0002-0219-6006 achalfoun@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0219-6006","contributorId":197589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chalfoun","given":"Anna","email":"achalfoun@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gerow, K.G.","contributorId":17003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerow","given":"K.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70197057,"text":"70197057 - 2018 - A rapid assessment method to estimate the distribution of juvenile Chinook Salmon in tributary habitats using eDNA and occupancy estimation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-17T14:57:44","indexId":"70197057","displayToPublicDate":"2018-05-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A rapid assessment method to estimate the distribution of juvenile Chinook Salmon in tributary habitats using eDNA and occupancy estimation","docAbstract":"Identification and protection of water bodies used by anadromous species are critical in light of increasing threats to fish populations, yet often challenging given budgetary and logistical limitations. Noninvasive, rapid‐assessment, sampling techniques may reduce costs and effort while increasing species detection efficiencies. We used an intrinsic potential (IP) habitat model to identify high‐quality rearing habitats for Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and select sites to sample throughout the Chena River basin, Alaska, for juvenile occupancy using an environmental DNA (eDNA) approach. Water samples were collected from 75 tributary sites in 2014 and 2015. The presence of Chinook Salmon DNA in water samples was assessed using a species‐specific quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay. The IP model predicted over 900 stream kilometers in the basin to support high‐quality (IP ≥ 0.75) rearing habitat. Occupancy estimation based on eDNA samples indicated that 80% and 56% of previously unsampled sites classified as high or low IP (IP < 0.75), respectively, were occupied. The probability of detection (p) of Chinook Salmon DNA from three replicate water samples was high (p = 0.76) but varied with drainage area (km2). A power analysis indicated high power to detect proportional changes in occupancy based on parameter values estimated from eDNA occupancy models, although power curves were not symmetrical around zero, indicating greater power to detect positive than negative proportional changes in occupancy. Overall, the combination of IP habitat modeling and occupancy estimation provided a useful, rapid‐assessment method to predict and subsequently quantify the distribution of juvenile salmon in previously unsampled tributary habitats. Additionally, these methods are flexible and can be modified for application to other species and in other locations, which may contribute towards improved population monitoring and management.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/nafm.10014","usgsCitation":"Matter, A., Falke, J.A., Lopez, J.A., and Savereide, J.W., 2018, A rapid assessment method to estimate the distribution of juvenile Chinook Salmon in tributary habitats using eDNA and occupancy estimation: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 38, no. 1, p. 223-236, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10014.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"223","endPage":"236","ipdsId":"IP-082148","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354275,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Chena River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152.34741210937497,\n 62.935234870604695\n ],\n [\n -143.2177734375,\n 62.935234870604695\n ],\n [\n -143.2177734375,\n 66.08491099733617\n ],\n [\n -152.34741210937497,\n 66.08491099733617\n ],\n [\n -152.34741210937497,\n 62.935234870604695\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-12-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6b9e4b0da30c1bfbd66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Matter, A.","contributorId":68879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matter","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Falke, Jeffrey A. 0000-0002-6670-8250 jfalke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6670-8250","contributorId":5195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Falke","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jfalke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lopez, J. Andres","contributorId":14306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopez","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Andres","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Savereide, James W.","contributorId":204591,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Savereide","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70197058,"text":"70197058 - 2018 - Factors regulating year‐class strength of Silver Carp throughout the Mississippi River basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-29T13:20:07","indexId":"70197058","displayToPublicDate":"2018-05-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors regulating year‐class strength of Silver Carp throughout the Mississippi River basin","docAbstract":"Recruitment of many fish populations is inherently highly variable inter‐annually. However, this variability can be synchronous at broad geographic scales due to fish dispersal and climatic conditions. Herein, we investigated recruitment synchrony of Silver Carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix across the Mississippi River basin. Year‐class strength (YCS) and synchrony of nine populations (max linear distance = 806.4 km) was indexed using catch‐curve residuals correlated between sites and related to local and regional climatic conditions. Overall, Silver Carp YCS was not synchronous among populations, suggesting local environmental factors are more important determinants of YCS than large‐scale environmental factors. Variation in Silver Carp YCS was influenced by river base flow and discharge variability at each site, indicating that extended periods of static local discharge benefit YCS. Further, river discharge and air temperature were correlated and synchronized among sites, but only similarities in river discharge was correlated with Silver Carp population synchrony, indicating that similarities in discharge (i.e., major flood) among sites can positively synchronize Silver Carp YCS. The positive correlation between Silver Carp YCS and river discharge synchrony suggests that regional flood regimes are an important force determining the degree of population synchrony among Mississippi River Silver Carp populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10054","usgsCitation":"Sullivan, C.J., Weber, M.J., Pierce, C., Wahl, D., Phelps, Q.E., Camacho, C.A., and Colombo, R.E., 2018, Factors regulating year‐class strength of Silver Carp throughout the Mississippi River basin: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 147, no. 3, p. 541-553, https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10054.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"541","endPage":"553","ipdsId":"IP-083483","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468752,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1274&context=nrem_pubs","text":"External Repository"},{"id":354271,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River basin","volume":"147","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-05-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6b9e4b0da30c1bfbd64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sullivan, Christopher J.","contributorId":204990,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weber, Michael J.","contributorId":83799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weber","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pierce, Clay 0000-0001-5088-5431 cpierce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5088-5431","contributorId":150492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"Clay","email":"cpierce@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wahl, David H.","contributorId":85532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wahl","given":"David H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Phelps, Quinton E.","contributorId":173401,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Phelps","given":"Quinton","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":27224,"text":"Big Rivers and Wetlands Field Station, Missouri Department of Conservation, Jackson, MO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Camacho, Carlos A.","contributorId":204991,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Camacho","given":"Carlos","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Colombo, Robert E.","contributorId":204992,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colombo","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70197075,"text":"70197075 - 2018 - A mechanistic assessment of seasonal microhabitat selection by drift-feeding rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in a southwestern headwater stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-18T09:56:20","indexId":"70197075","displayToPublicDate":"2018-05-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"A mechanistic assessment of seasonal microhabitat selection by drift-feeding rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in a southwestern headwater stream","title":"A mechanistic assessment of seasonal microhabitat selection by drift-feeding rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in a southwestern headwater stream","docAbstract":"The positioning of fishes within a riverscape is dependent on the proximity of complementary habitats. In this study, foraging and non-foraging habitat were quantified monthly over an entire year for a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) population in an isolated, headwater stream in southcentral New Mexico. The stream follows a seasonal thermal and hydrologic pattern typical for a Southwestern stream and was deemed suitable for re-introduction of the native and close relative, Rio Grande cutthroat trout (O. clarkii virginalis). However, uncertainty associated with limited habitat needed to be resolved if repatriation of the native fish was to be successful. Habitat was evaluated using resource selection functions with a mechanistic drift-foraging model to explain trout distributions. Macroinvertebrate drift was strongly season- and temperature-dependent (lower in winter and spring, higher in summer and fall). Models identified stream depth as the most limiting factor for habitat selection across seasons and size-classes. Additionally, positions closer to cover were selected during the winter by smaller size-classes (0, 1, 2), while net energy intake was important during the spring for most size-classes (0, 1, 2, 3). Drift-foraging models identified that 81% of observed trout selected positions that could meet maintenance levels throughout the year. Moreover, 40% of selected habitats could sustain maximum growth. Stream positions occupied by rainbow trout were more energetically profitable than random sites regardless of season or size-class. Larger size-classes (3, 4+) were energetically more limited throughout the year than were smaller size-classes. This research suggests that habitat in the form of deep pools is of paramount importance for rainbow trout or native cutthroat trout.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10641-017-0696-9","usgsCitation":"Kalb, B.W., Huntsman, B.M., Caldwell, C.A., and Bozek, M.A., 2018, A mechanistic assessment of seasonal microhabitat selection by drift-feeding rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in a southwestern headwater stream: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 202, no. 2, p. 257-273, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-017-0696-9.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"257","endPage":"273","ipdsId":"IP-085358","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354268,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.314453125,\n 31.89621446335144\n ],\n [\n -104.0185546875,\n 31.89621446335144\n ],\n [\n -104.0185546875,\n 34.57895241036948\n ],\n [\n -107.314453125,\n 34.57895241036948\n ],\n [\n -107.314453125,\n 31.89621446335144\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"202","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-11-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6b9e4b0da30c1bfbd62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kalb, Bradley W.","contributorId":201490,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kalb","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huntsman, Brock M. 0000-0003-4090-1949","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4090-1949","contributorId":166748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huntsman","given":"Brock","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":24497,"text":"West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caldwell, Colleen A. 0000-0002-4730-4867 ccaldwel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4730-4867","contributorId":3050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Colleen","email":"ccaldwel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bozek, Michael A.","contributorId":51030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bozek","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70197076,"text":"70197076 - 2018 - Assessing angler effort, catch, and harvest and the efficacy of a use-estimation system on a multi-lake fishery in middle Georgia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-31T10:58:50","indexId":"70197076","displayToPublicDate":"2018-05-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing angler effort, catch, and harvest and the efficacy of a use-estimation system on a multi-lake fishery in middle Georgia","docAbstract":"Creel surveys are valuable tools in recreational fisheries management. However, multiple‐impoundment fisheries of complex spatial structure can complicate survey designs and pose logistical challenges for management agencies. Marben Public Fishing Area in Mansfield, GA is a multi‐impoundment fishery with many access points, and these features prevent or complicate use of traditional on‐site contact methods such as standard roving‐ or access‐point designs because many anglers may be missed during the survey process. Therefore, adaptation of a traditional survey method is often required for sampling this special case of multi‐lake fisheries to develop an accurate fishery profile. Accordingly, a modified non‐uniform probability roving creel survey was conducted at the Marben PFA during 2013 to estimate fishery characteristics relating to fishing effort, catch, and fish harvest. Monthly fishing effort averaged 7,523 angler‐hours (h) (SD = 5,956) and ranged from 1,301 h (SD = 562) in December to 21,856 h (SD = 5909) in May. A generalized linear mixed model was used to determine that angler catch and harvest rates were significantly higher in the spring and summer (all p < 0.05) than in the other seasons, but did not vary by fishing location. Our results demonstrate the utility of modifying existing creel methodology for monitoring small, spatially complex, intensely managed impoundments that support quality recreational fisheries and provide a template for the assessment and management of similar regional fisheries.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/nafm.10179","usgsCitation":"Roop, H.J., Poudyal, N.C., and Jennings, C.A., 2018, Assessing angler effort, catch, and harvest and the efficacy of a use-estimation system on a multi-lake fishery in middle Georgia: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 38, no. 4, p. 833-841, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10179.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"833","endPage":"841","ipdsId":"IP-086163","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354267,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","volume":"38","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-04-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6b8e4b0da30c1bfbd60","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roop, Hunter J.","contributorId":204959,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roop","given":"Hunter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poudyal, Neelam C.","contributorId":204960,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poudyal","given":"Neelam","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jennings, Cecil A. 0000-0002-6159-6026 jennings@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6159-6026","contributorId":874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"Cecil","email":"jennings@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70197094,"text":"70197094 - 2018 - Design considerations for estimating survival rates with standing age structures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-17T13:03:10","indexId":"70197094","displayToPublicDate":"2018-05-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Design considerations for estimating survival rates with standing age structures","docAbstract":"Survival rate estimates are critical to understanding the dynamics and status of a population, and\nthey are often inferred from samples of the population’s age structure. A recently developed method uses time\nseries of standing age-structure data with information about population growth rate or fecundity to provide\nexplicit maximum likelihood estimators of age-specific survival rates, without assuming population stability or\nstationarity. We explored properties of these estimators and determined sample size requirements for the\nestimators to achieve desired levels of precision, limit bias, and limit the probability a rate will be inestimable or\nits estimate inadmissible (>1).We show that estimating combined rates for adjacent age classes is an effective\nmethod of overcoming sensitivity to sampling noise in situations where collecting a larger sample of data is not\nfeasible.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wsb.858","usgsCitation":"Taylor, R.L., and Udevitz, M.S., 2018, Design considerations for estimating survival rates with standing age structures: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 42, no. 1, p. 32-39, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.858.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"32","endPage":"39","ipdsId":"IP-087500","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468749,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/4c029ee673ec49f1acfa3af7a5df9962","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":354264,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-03-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6b7e4b0da30c1bfbd5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, Rebecca L. 0000-0001-8459-7614 rebeccataylor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8459-7614","contributorId":5112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Rebecca","email":"rebeccataylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Udevitz, Mark S. 0000-0003-4659-138X mudevitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4659-138X","contributorId":3189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Udevitz","given":"Mark","email":"mudevitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70197096,"text":"70197096 - 2018 - Body size and lean mass of brown bears across and within four diverse ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-20T18:31:14","indexId":"70197096","displayToPublicDate":"2018-05-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2515,"text":"Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Body size and lean mass of brown bears across and within four diverse ecosystems","docAbstract":"Variation in body size across populations of brown bears (Ursus arctos) is largely a function of the availability and quality of nutritional resources while plasticity within populations reflects utilized niche width with implications for population resiliency. We assessed skull size, body length, and lean mass of adult female and male brown bears in four Alaskan study areas that differed in climate, primary food resources, population density, and harvest regime. Full body-frame size, as evidenced by asymptotic skull size and body length, was achieved by 8 to 14 years of age across populations and sexes. Lean body mass of both sexes continued to increase throughout their life. Differences between populations existed for all morphological measures in both sexes, bears in ecosystems with abundant salmon were generally larger. Within all populations, broad variation was seen in body size measures of adults with females displaying roughly a 2-fold difference in lean mass and males showing a 3- to 4-fold difference. The high level of intraspecific variation seen across and within populations suggests the presence of multiple life-history strategies and niche variation relative to resource partitioning, risk tolerance or aversion, and competition. Further, this level of variation indicates broad potential to adapt to changes within a given ecosystem and across the species’ range.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jzo.12536","usgsCitation":"Hilderbrand, G., Gustine, D., Mangipane, B.A., Joly, K., Leacock, W., Mangipane, L.S., Erlenbach, J., Sorum, M., Cameron, M., Belant, J.L., and Cambier, T., 2018, Body size and lean mass of brown bears across and within four diverse ecosystems: Journal of Zoology, v. 305, no. 1, p. 53-62, https://doi.org/10.1111/jzo.12536.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"62","ipdsId":"IP-085059","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468757,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jzo.12536","text":"Publisher Index 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William","contributorId":192123,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leacock","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mangipane, Lindsey S.","contributorId":200447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mangipane","given":"Lindsey","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Erlenbach, Joy","contributorId":200750,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Erlenbach","given":"Joy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sorum, Mathew","contributorId":204962,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sorum","given":"Mathew","affiliations":[{"id":36245,"text":"NPS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Cameron, Matthew","contributorId":204963,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cameron","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36245,"text":"NPS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Belant, Jerrold L.","contributorId":108394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Belant","given":"Jerrold","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":35599,"text":"Carnivore Ecology Laboratory, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Cambier, Troy","contributorId":204964,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cambier","given":"Troy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37014,"text":"Chena River Aviation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70197108,"text":"70197108 - 2018 - Occupancy modeling of Parnassius clodius butterfly populations in Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-29T13:24:26","indexId":"70197108","displayToPublicDate":"2018-05-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2356,"text":"Journal of Insect Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Occupancy modeling of Parnassius clodius butterfly populations in Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming","title":"Occupancy modeling of Parnassius clodius butterfly populations in Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming","docAbstract":"Estimating occupancy patterns and identifying vegetation characteristics that influence the presence of butterfly species are essential approaches needed for determining how habitat changes may affect butterfly populations in the future. The montane butterfly species, Parnassius clodius, was investigated to identify patterns of occupancy relating to habitat variables in Grand Teton National Park and Bridger-Teton National Forest, Wyoming, United States. A series of presence–absence surveys were conducted in 2013 in 41 mesic to xeric montane meadows that were considered suitable habitat for P. clodius during their flight season (June–July) to estimate occupancy (ψ) and detection probability (p). According to the null constant parameter model, P. clodius had high occupancy of ψ = 0.78 ± 0.07 SE and detection probability of p = 0.75 ± 0.04 SE. In models testing covariates, the most important habitat indicator for the occupancy of P. clodius was a strong negative association with big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata; β = − 21.39 ± 21.10 SE) and lupine (Lupinus spp.; β = − 20.03 ± 21.24 SE). While P. clodius was found at a high proportion of meadows surveyed, the presence of A. tridentata may limit their distribution within montane meadows at a landscape scale because A. tridentata dominates a large percentage of the montane meadows in our study area. Future climate scenarios predicted for high elevations globally could cause habitat shifts and put populations of P. clodius and similar non-migratory butterfly populations at risk.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10841-018-0060-1","usgsCitation":"Szcodronski, K., Debinski, D.M., and Klaver, R.W., 2018, Occupancy modeling of Parnassius clodius butterfly populations in Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming: Journal of Insect Conservation, v. 22, no. 2, p. 267-276, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10841-018-0060-1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"267","endPage":"276","ipdsId":"IP-091833","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468755,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10841-018-0060-1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":354260,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Grand Teton National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.94818115234375,\n 43.560491112629286\n ],\n [\n -110.3466796875,\n 43.560491112629286\n ],\n [\n -110.3466796875,\n 44.12702800650004\n ],\n [\n -110.94818115234375,\n 44.12702800650004\n ],\n [\n -110.94818115234375,\n 43.560491112629286\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"22","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-05-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6b7e4b0da30c1bfbd58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Szcodronski, Kimberly E.","contributorId":199591,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Szcodronski","given":"Kimberly E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Debinski, Diane M.","contributorId":25361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Debinski","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Klaver, Robert W. 0000-0002-3263-9701 bklaver@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3263-9701","contributorId":3285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaver","given":"Robert","email":"bklaver@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70197110,"text":"70197110 - 2018 - Precision and relative effectiveness of a purse seine for sampling age-0 river herring in lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-03T11:17:31","indexId":"70197110","displayToPublicDate":"2018-05-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Precision and relative effectiveness of a purse seine for sampling age-0 river herring in lakes","docAbstract":"Stock assessments for anadromous river herring, collectively Alewife Alosa pseudoharengus and Blueback Herring A. aestivalis, lack adequate demographic information, particularly with respect to early life stages. Although sampling adult river herring is increasingly common throughout their range, currently no standardized, field‐based, analytical methods exist for estimating juvenile abundance in freshwater lakes. The objective of this research was to evaluate the relative effectiveness and sampling precision of a purse seine for estimating densities of age‐0 river herring in freshwater lakes. We used a purse seine to sample age‐0 river herring in June–September 2015 and June–July 2016 in 16 coastal freshwater lakes in the northeastern USA. Sampling effort varied from two seine hauls to more than 50 seine hauls per lake. Catch rates were highest in June and July, and sampling precision was maximized in July. Sampling at night (versus day) in open water (versus littoral areas) was most effective for capturing newly hatched larvae and juveniles up to ca. 100 mm TL. Bootstrap simulation results indicated that sampling precision of CPUE estimates increased with sampling effort, and there was a clear threshold beyond which increased effort resulted in negligible increases in precision. The effort required to produce precise CPUE estimates, as determined by the CV, was dependent on lake size; river herring densities could be estimated with up to 10 purse‐seine hauls (one‐two nights) in a small lake (<50 ha) and 15–20 hauls (two‐three nights) in a large lake (>50 ha). Fish collection techniques using a purse seine as described in this paper are likely to be effective for estimating recruit abundance of river herring in freshwater lakes across their range.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/nafm.10065","usgsCitation":"Devine, M.T., Roy, A.H., Whiteley, A.R., Gahagan, B.I., Armstrong, M., and Jordaan, A., 2018, Precision and relative effectiveness of a purse seine for sampling age-0 river herring in lakes: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 38, no. 3, p. 650-662, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10065.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"650","endPage":"662","ipdsId":"IP-093443","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354252,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"38","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-03-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6b6e4b0da30c1bfbd54","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Devine, Matthew T.","contributorId":204986,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Devine","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roy, Allison H. 0000-0002-8080-2729 aroy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8080-2729","contributorId":4240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roy","given":"Allison","email":"aroy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Whiteley, Andrew R.","contributorId":52072,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whiteley","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6932,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gahagan, Benjamin I.","contributorId":200168,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gahagan","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Armstrong, Michael P.","contributorId":200170,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Armstrong","given":"Michael P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jordaan, Adrian","contributorId":197449,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jordaan","given":"Adrian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70197112,"text":"70197112 - 2018 - Non-target effects on songbirds from habitat manipulation for Greater Sage-Grouse: Implications for the umbrella species concept","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-17T10:22:39","indexId":"70197112","displayToPublicDate":"2018-05-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Non-target effects on songbirds from habitat manipulation for Greater Sage-Grouse: Implications for the umbrella species concept","docAbstract":"The “umbrella species” concept is a conservation strategy in which creating and managing reserve areas to meet the needs of one species is thought to benefit other species indirectly. Broad-scale habitat protections on behalf of an umbrella species are assumed to benefit co-occurring taxa, but targeted management actions to improve local habitat suitability for the umbrella species may produce unintended effects on other species. Our objective was to quantify the effects of a common habitat treatment (mowing of big sagebrush [Artemisia tridentata]) intended to benefit a high-profile umbrella species (Greater Sage-Grouse [Centrocercus urophasianus]) on 3 sympatric songbird species of concern. We used a before–after control-impact experimental design spanning 3 yr in Wyoming, USA, to quantify the effect of mowing on the abundance, nest-site selection, nestling condition, and nest survival of 2 sagebrush-obligate songbirds (Brewer's Sparrow [Spizella breweri] and Sage Thrasher [Oreoscoptes montanus]) and one open-habitat generalist songbird (Vesper Sparrow [Pooecetes gramineus]). Mowing was associated with lower abundance of Brewer's Sparrows and Sage Thrashers but higher abundance of Vesper Sparrows. We found no Brewer's Sparrows or Sage Thrashers nesting in the mowed footprint posttreatment, which suggests complete loss of nesting habitat for these species. Mowing was associated with higher nestling condition and nest survival for Vesper Sparrows but not for the sagebrush-obligate species. Management prescriptions that remove woody biomass within a mosaic of intact habitat may be tolerated by sagebrush-obligate songbirds but are likely more beneficial for open-habitat generalist species. By definition, umbrella species conservation entails habitat protections at broad spatial scales. We caution that habitat manipulations to benefit Greater Sage-Grouse could negatively affect nontarget species of conservation concern if implemented across large spatial extents.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1650/CONDOR-17-200.1","usgsCitation":"Carlisle, J.D., Chalfoun, A.D., Smith, K.T., and Beck, J.L., 2018, Non-target effects on songbirds from habitat manipulation for Greater Sage-Grouse: Implications for the umbrella species concept: The Condor, v. 120, no. 2, p. 439-455, https://doi.org/10.1650/CONDOR-17-200.1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"439","endPage":"455","ipdsId":"IP-095088","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468753,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1650/condor-17-200.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":354249,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.4677734375,\n 42.16340342422401\n ],\n [\n -105.9521484375,\n 42.16340342422401\n ],\n [\n -105.9521484375,\n 44.040218713142146\n ],\n [\n -109.4677734375,\n 44.040218713142146\n ],\n [\n -109.4677734375,\n 42.16340342422401\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"120","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6b5e4b0da30c1bfbd50","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlisle, Jason D.","contributorId":204646,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carlisle","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chalfoun, Anna D. 0000-0002-0219-6006 achalfoun@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0219-6006","contributorId":197589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chalfoun","given":"Anna","email":"achalfoun@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Kurt T.","contributorId":204975,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Kurt","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beck, Jeffery L.","contributorId":204976,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beck","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70197113,"text":"70197113 - 2018 - Integrating authentic scientific research in a conservation course–based undergraduate research experience","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-18T09:48:24","indexId":"70197113","displayToPublicDate":"2018-05-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2836,"text":"Natural Sciences Education","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrating authentic scientific research in a conservation course–based undergraduate research experience","docAbstract":"Course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) have been developed to overcome barriers including students in research. However, there are few examples of CUREs that take place in a conservation and natural resource context with students engaging in field research. Here, we highlight the development of a conservation-focused CURE integrated to a research program, research benefits, student self-assessment of learning, and perception of the CURE. With the additional data, researchers were able to refine species distribution models and facilitate management decisions. Most students reported gains in their scientific skills, felt they had engaged in meaningful, real-world research. In student reflections on how this experience helped clarify their professional intentions, many reported being more likely to enroll in graduate programs and seek employment related to science. Also interesting was all students reported being more likely to talk with friends, family, or the public about wildlife conservation issues after participating, indicating that courses like this can have effects beyond the classroom, empowering students to be advocates and translators of science. Field-based, conservation-focused CUREs can create meaningful conservation and natural resource experiences with authentic scientific teaching practices.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Agronomy","doi":"10.4195/nse2018.02.0004","usgsCitation":"Sorensen, A.E., Corral, L., Dauer, J.M., and Fontaine, J.J., 2018, Integrating authentic scientific research in a conservation course–based undergraduate research experience: Natural Sciences Education, v. 47, no. 1, e180004, https://doi.org/10.4195/nse2018.02.0004.","productDescription":"e180004","ipdsId":"IP-096648","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354246,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-04-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6b5e4b0da30c1bfbd4e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sorensen, Amanda E.","contributorId":204977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sorensen","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Corral, Lucia","contributorId":166717,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Corral","given":"Lucia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dauer, Jenny M.","contributorId":50443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dauer","given":"Jenny","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fontaine, Joseph J. 0000-0002-7639-9156 jfontaine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7639-9156","contributorId":3820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fontaine","given":"Joseph","email":"jfontaine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70196959,"text":"70196959 - 2018 - A method to quantify and value floodplain sediment and nutrient retention ecosystem services","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-22T15:43:21.583619","indexId":"70196959","displayToPublicDate":"2018-05-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2258,"text":"Journal of Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A method to quantify and value floodplain sediment and nutrient retention ecosystem services","docAbstract":"Floodplains provide critical ecosystem services to local and downstream communities by retaining floodwaters, sediments, and nutrients. The dynamic nature of floodplains is such that these areas can both accumulate sediment and nutrients through deposition, and export material downstream through erosion. Therefore, estimating floodplain sediment and nutrient retention should consider the net flux of both depositional and erosive processes. An ecosystem services framework was used to quantify and value the sediment and nutrient ecosystem service provided by floodplains in the Difficult Run watershed, a small (151 km2) suburban watershed located in the Piedmont of Virginia (USA). A sediment balance was developed for Difficult Run and two nested watersheds. The balance included upland sediment delivery to streams, stream bank flux, floodplain flux, and stream load. Upland sediment delivery was estimated using geospatial datasets and a modified Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation. Predictive models were developed to extrapolate field measurements of the flux of sediment, sediment-bound nitrogen (N), and sediment-bound phosphorus (P) from stream banks and floodplains to 3232 delineated stream segments in the study area. A replacement cost approach was used to estimate the economic value of the sediment and nutrient retention ecosystem service based on estimated net stream bank and floodplain flux of sediment-bound N for all streams in the study area. Results indicated the net fluvial fluxes of sediment, sediment-bound N, and sediment-bound P were −10,439 Mg yr−1 (net export), 57,300 kg-N yr−1(net trapping), and 98 kg-P yr−1(net trapping), respectively. For sediment, floodplain retention was offset by substantial losses from stream bank erosion, particularly in headwater catchments, resulting in a net export of sediment. Nutrient retention in the floodplain exceeded that lost through stream bank erosion resulting in net retention of nutrients (TN and TP). Using a conservative cost estimate of \\$12.69 (USD) per kilogram of nitrogen, derived from wastewater treatment costs, the estimated annual value for sediment and nutrient retention on Difficult Run floodplains was \\$727,226 ± 194,220 USD/yr. Values and differences in floodplain nitrogen retention among stream reaches can be used to target areas for floodplain conservation and stream restoration. The methods presented are scalable and transferable to other areas if appropriate datasets are available for validation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.05.013","usgsCitation":"Hopkins, K.G., Noe, G.E., Franco, F., Pindilli, E., Gordon, S.E., Metes, M.J., Claggett, P.R., Gellis, A.C., Hupp, C.R., and Hogan, D.M., 2018, A method to quantify and value floodplain sediment and nutrient retention ecosystem services: Journal of Environmental Management, v. 220, p. 65-76, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.05.013.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"65","endPage":"76","ipdsId":"IP-092758","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354277,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.4167,\n 38.85\n ],\n [\n -77.2167,\n 38.85\n ],\n [\n -77.2167,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -77.4167,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -77.4167,\n 38.85\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"220","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6b9e4b0da30c1bfbd6c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hopkins, Kristina G. 0000-0003-1699-9384 khopkins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1699-9384","contributorId":195604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopkins","given":"Kristina","email":"khopkins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noe, Gregory E. 0000-0002-6661-2646 gnoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6661-2646","contributorId":139100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"Gregory","email":"gnoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - 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Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hogan, Dianna M. 0000-0003-1492-4514 dhogan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1492-4514","contributorId":131137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hogan","given":"Dianna","email":"dhogan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70198757,"text":"70198757 - 2018 - Identifying diet of a declining prairie grouse using DNA metabarcoding","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T10:32:05","indexId":"70198757","displayToPublicDate":"2018-05-16T10:25:46","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"subseriesTitle":"Ornithological Advances","title":"Identifying diet of a declining prairie grouse using DNA metabarcoding","docAbstract":"Diets during critical brooding and winter periods likely influence the growth of Lesser Prairie-Chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) populations. During the brooding period, rapidly growing Lesser Prairie-Chicken chicks have high calorie demands and are restricted to foods within immediate surroundings. For adults and juveniles during cold winters, meeting thermoregulatory demands with available food items of limited nutrient content may be challenging. Our objective was to determine the primary animal and plant components of Lesser Prairie-Chicken diets among native prairie, cropland, and Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) fields in Kansas and Colorado, USA, during brooding and winter using a DNA metabarcoding approach. Lesser Prairie-Chicken fecal samples (n= 314) were collected during summer 2014 and winter 2014–2015, DNA was extracted, amplified, and sequenced. A region of the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene was sequenced to determine the arthropod component of the diet, and a portion of the trnL intron region was used to determine the plant component. Relying on fecal DNA to quantify dietary composition, as opposed to traditional visual identification of gut contents, revealed a greater proportion of soft-bodied arthropods than previously recorded. Among 80 fecal samples for which threshold arthropod DNA reads were obtained, 35% of the sequences were most likely from Lepidoptera, 26% from Orthoptera, 14% from Araneae, 13% from Hemiptera, and 12% from other orders. Plant sequences from 137 fecal samples were composed of species similar to Ambrosia (27%), followed by species similar to Lactuca or Taraxacum (10%), Medicago (6%), and Triticum (5%). Forbs were the predominant (>50% of reads) plant food consumed during both brood rearing and winter. The importance both of native forbs and of a broad array of arthropods that rely on forbs suggests that disturbance regimes that promote forbs may be crucial in providing food for Lesser Prairie-Chickens in the northern portion of their distribution.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/AUK-17-199.1","usgsCitation":"Sullins, D.S., Haukos, D.A., Craine, J.M., Lautenbach, J.M., Robinson, S.G., Lautenbach, J.D., Kraft, J.D., Plumb, R.T., Reitzer, J., Sandercock, B.K., and Fierer, N., 2018, Identifying diet of a declining prairie grouse using DNA metabarcoding: The Auk, v. 135, no. 3, p. 583-608, https://doi.org/10.1642/AUK-17-199.1.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"583","endPage":"608","ipdsId":"IP-091657","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468758,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1642/auk-17-199.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":356619,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"135","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a2c5e4b0702d0e842fde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sullins, Daniel S.","contributorId":166689,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sullins","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haukos, David A. 0000-0001-5372-9960 dhaukos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-9960","contributorId":3664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haukos","given":"David","email":"dhaukos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Craine, Joseph M.","contributorId":139154,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Craine","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12661,"text":"Kansas State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lautenbach, Joseph M.","contributorId":172788,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lautenbach","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Robinson, Samantha G.","contributorId":172786,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robinson","given":"Samantha","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lautenbach, Jonathan D.","contributorId":172790,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lautenbach","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kraft, John D.","contributorId":172789,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kraft","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Plumb, Reid T.","contributorId":172787,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plumb","given":"Reid","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Reitzer, J.","contributorId":43241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reitzer","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sandercock, Brett K.","contributorId":95816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandercock","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Fierer, Noah","contributorId":138711,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fierer","given":"Noah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6713,"text":"University of Colorado, Boulder CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70197087,"text":"70197087 - 2018 - Estimating distribution and connectivity of recolonizing American marten in the northeastern United States using expert elicitation techniques","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-01-28T09:34:55","indexId":"70197087","displayToPublicDate":"2018-05-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":774,"text":"Animal Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating distribution and connectivity of recolonizing American marten in the northeastern United States using expert elicitation techniques","docAbstract":"The American marten Martes americana is a species of conservation concern in the northeastern United States due to widespread declines from over‐harvesting and habitat loss. Little information exists on current marten distribution and how landscape characteristics shape patterns of occupancy across the region, which could help develop effective recovery strategies. The rarity of marten and lack of historical distribution records are also problematic for region‐wide conservation planning. Expert opinion can provide a source of information for estimating species–landscape relationships and is especially useful when empirical data are sparse. We created a survey to elicit expert opinion and build a model that describes marten occupancy in the northeastern United States as a function of landscape conditions. We elicited opinions from 18 marten experts that included wildlife managers, trappers and researchers. Each expert estimated occupancy probability at 30 sites in their geographic region of expertise. We, then, fit the response data with a set of 58 models that incorporated the effects of covariates related to forest characteristics, climate, anthropogenic impacts and competition at two spatial scales (1.5 and 5 km radii), and used model selection techniques to determine the best model in the set. Three top models had strong empirical support, which we model averaged based on AIC weights. The final model included effects of five covariates at the 5‐km scale: percent canopy cover (positive), percent spruce‐fir land cover (positive), winter temperature (negative), elevation (positive) and road density (negative). A receiver operating characteristic curve indicated that the model performed well based on recent occurrence records. We mapped distribution across the region and used circuit theory to estimate movement corridors between isolated core populations. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of expert‐opinion data at modeling occupancy for rare species and provide tools for planning marten recovery in the northeastern United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"Zoological Society of London","doi":"10.1111/acv.12417","usgsCitation":"Aylward, C., Murdoch, J., Donovan, T.M., Kilpatrick, C., Bernier, C., and Katz, J., 2018, Estimating distribution and connectivity of recolonizing American marten in the northeastern United States using expert elicitation techniques: Animal Conservation, v. 21, no. 6, p. 483-495, https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12417.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"483","endPage":"495","ipdsId":"IP-090408","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354225,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-04-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6bae4b0da30c1bfbd74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aylward, C.M.","contributorId":204950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aylward","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murdoch, J.D.","contributorId":204951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murdoch","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Donovan, Therese M. 0000-0001-8124-9251 tdonovan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8124-9251","contributorId":204296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donovan","given":"Therese","email":"tdonovan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kilpatrick, C.W.","contributorId":24188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kilpatrick","given":"C.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bernier, C.","contributorId":204952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bernier","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Katz, J.","contributorId":204953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Katz","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70198025,"text":"70198025 - 2018 - Crowding affects health, growth, and behavior in headstart pens for Agassiz's desert tortoise","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-16T11:19:51","indexId":"70198025","displayToPublicDate":"2018-05-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1210,"text":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crowding affects health, growth, and behavior in headstart pens for Agassiz's desert tortoise","docAbstract":"Worldwide, scientists have headstarted threatened and endangered reptiles to augment depleted populations. Not all efforts have been successful. For the threatened Agassiz's desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii), one challenge to recovery is poor recruitment of juveniles into adult populations, and this is being addressed through headstart programs. We evaluated 8 cohorts of juvenile desert tortoises from 1 to 8 yrs old in a headstart program at Edwards Air Force Base, California, for health, behavior, and growth. We also examined capacities of the headstart pens. Of 148 juveniles evaluated for health, 99.3% were below a prime condition index; 14.9% were lethargic and unresponsive; 59.5% had protruding spinal columns and associated concave scutes; 29.1% had evidence of ant bites; and 14.2% had moderate to severe injuries to limbs or shell. Lifetime growth rates for juveniles 1–8 yrs of age were approximately two times less than growth rates reported for wild populations. Tortoises in older cohorts had higher growth rates, and models indicated that high density in pens and burrow sharing negatively affected growth rates. Densities of tortoises in pens (205–2042/ha) were 350–3500 times higher than the average density recorded in the wild (< 1/ha) for tortoises of similar sizes. The predominant forage species available to juveniles were alien annual grasses, which are nutritionally inadequate for growth. We conclude that the headstart pens were of inadequate size, likely contained too few shelters, and lacked the necessary biomass of preferred forbs to sustain the existing population. Additional factors to consider for future reptilian headstart pens include vegetative cover, food sources, soil seed banks, and soil composition.
","language":"English","publisher":"Chelonian Research Foundation","doi":"10.2744/CCB-1248.1","usgsCitation":"Mack, J.S., Schneider, H.E., and Berry, K.H., 2018, Crowding affects health, growth, and behavior in headstart pens for Agassiz's desert tortoise: Chelonian Conservation and Biology, v. 17, no. 1, p. 14-26, https://doi.org/10.2744/CCB-1248.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"14","endPage":"26","ipdsId":"IP-052914","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495032,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2744/ccb-1248.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":355549,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Los Angeles","otherGeospatial":"Edwards Air Force Base","volume":"17","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e584e4b060350a15d1c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mack, Jeremy S. jmack@usgs.gov","contributorId":3851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mack","given":"Jeremy","email":"jmack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schneider, Heather E. 0000-0002-1230-8892","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1230-8892","contributorId":206165,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schneider","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":739721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Berry, Kristin H. 0000-0003-1591-8394 kristin_berry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1591-8394","contributorId":437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"Kristin","email":"kristin_berry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}