An unsaturated-zone transport model was used to examine the transport and fate of metolachlor applied to an agricultural site in Maryland, USA. The study site was instrumented to collect data on soil-water content, soil-water potential, ground water levels, major ions, pesticides, and nutrients from the unsaturated zone during 2002-2004. The data set was enhanced with site-specific information describing weather, soils, and agricultural practices. The Root Zone Water Quality Model was used to simulate physical, chemical, and biological processes occurring in the unsaturated zone. Model calibration to bromide tracer concentrations indicated flow occurred through the soil matix. Simulated recharge rates were within the measured range of values. The pesticide transport model was calibrated to the intensive data collection period (2002-2004), and the calibrated model was then used to simulate the period 1984 through 2004 to examine the impact of sustained agricultural management practices on the concentrations of metolachlor and its degradates at the study site. Simulation results indicated that metolachlor degrades rapidly in the root zone but that the degradates are transported to depth in measurable quantities. Simulations indicated that degradate transport is strongly related to the duration of sustained use of metolachlor and the extent of biodegradation.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Agromony","doi":"10.2134/jeq2006.0562","usgsCitation":"Bayless, E., Capel, P., Barbash, J., Webb, R., Hancock, T., and Lampe, D., 2008, Simulated fate and transport of metolachlor in the unsaturated zone, Maryland, USA: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 37, no. 3, p. 1064-1072, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2006.0562.","productDescription":"9","startPage":"1064","endPage":"1072","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":214219,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2006.0562"},{"id":241918,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"37","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8fa7e4b08c986b319069","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bayless, E.R.","contributorId":67639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bayless","given":"E.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Capel, P. D. 0000-0003-1620-5185","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1620-5185","contributorId":95498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Capel","given":"P. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barbash, J.E.","contributorId":62783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbash","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Webb, R.M.T.","contributorId":99369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"R.M.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hancock, T.L.C.","contributorId":102283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hancock","given":"T.L.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lampe, D.C.","contributorId":10239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lampe","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70033493,"text":"70033493 - 2008 - Transport and fate of nitrate at the ground-water/surface-water interface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T07:59:39","indexId":"70033493","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transport and fate of nitrate at the ground-water/surface-water interface","docAbstract":"Although numerous studies of hyporheic exchange and denitrification have been conducted in pristine, high-gradient streams, few studies of this type have been conducted in nutrient-rich, low-gradient streams. This is a particularly important subject given the interest in nitrogen (N) inputs to the Gulf of Mexico and other eutrophic aquatic systems. A combination of hydrologic, mineralogical, chemical, dissolved gas, and isotopic data were used to determine the processes controlling transport and fate of NO3 − in streambeds at five sites across the USA. Water samples were collected from streambeds at depths ranging from 0.3 to 3 m at three to five points across the stream and in two to five separate transects. Residence times of water ranging from 0.28 to 34.7 d m−1 in the streambeds of N-rich watersheds played an important role in allowing denitrification to decrease NO3 − concentrations. Where potential electron donors were limited and residence times were short, denitrification was limited. Consequently, in spite of reducing conditions at some sites, NO3 − was transported into the stream. At two of the five study sites, NO3 − in surface water infiltrated the streambeds and concentrations decreased, supporting current models that NO3 − would be retained in N-rich streams. At the other three study sites, hydrogeologic controls limited or prevented infiltration of surface water into the streambed, and ground-water discharge contributed to NO3 − loads. Our results also show that in these low hydrologic-gradient systems, storm and other high-flow events can be important factors for increasing surface-water movement into streambeds.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2134/jeq2006.0550","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Puckett, L., Zamora, C., Essaid, H., Wilson, J., Johnson, H., Brayton, M., and Vogel, J.R., 2008, Transport and fate of nitrate at the ground-water/surface-water interface: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 37, no. 3, p. 1034-1050, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2006.0550.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1034","endPage":"1050","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241919,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214220,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2006.0550"}],"volume":"37","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb741e4b08c986b327154","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Puckett, L.J.","contributorId":27503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puckett","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zamora, C.","contributorId":47180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zamora","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Essaid, H.","contributorId":47181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Essaid","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilson, J.T.","contributorId":97489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"J.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, H.M. 0000-0002-7571-4994","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7571-4994","contributorId":75339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"H.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brayton, M.J.","contributorId":26730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brayton","given":"M.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Vogel, J. R.","contributorId":21639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogel","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70030677,"text":"70030677 - 2008 - Fundamental limits to the accuracy of deuterium isotopes for identifying the spatial origin of migratory animals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:00","indexId":"70030677","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fundamental limits to the accuracy of deuterium isotopes for identifying the spatial origin of migratory animals","docAbstract":"Deuterium isotope analyses have revolutionized the study of migratory connectivity because global gradients of deuterium in precipitation (??DP) are expressed on a continental scale. Several authors have constructed continental scale base maps of ??DP to provide a spatial reference for studying the movement patterns of migratory species and, although they are very useful, these maps present a static, 40-year average view of the landscape that ignores much underlying inter-annual variation. To more fully understand the consequences of this underlying variation, we analyzed the GNIP deuterium data, the source for all current ??DP maps, to estimate the minimum separation in ??DP (and latitude) necessary to conclude with a given level of confidence that distinct ??DP values represent different geographic sites. Extending analyses of ??DP successfully to deuterium in tissues of living organisms, e.g., feathers in migratory birds (??DF), is dependent on the existence of geographic separation of ??DP, where every geographic location has a distribution of values associated with temporal variability in ??DP. Analyses were conducted for three distinct geographic regions: North America, eastern North America (east of longitude 100??W), and Argentina. At the 80% confidence level, the minimum separation values were 12, 7, and 14?? of latitude (equivalent to 53, 31, and 32???) for North America, eastern North America, and Argentina, respectively. Hence, in eastern North America, for example, one may not be able to accurately assign individual samples to sites separated by less than about 7?? of latitude as the distributions of ??DP were not distinct at latitudes <7?? apart. Moreover, two samples that differ by less than 31??? cannot be confidently said to originate from different latitudes. These estimates of minimum separation for ??DP do not include other known sources of variation in feather deuterium (??D F) and hence are a first order approximation that may be useful, in the absence of more specific information for the system of interest, for planning and interpreting the results of new stable isotope studies. ?? 2008 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oecologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00442-008-1143-6","issn":"00298","usgsCitation":"Farmer, A., Cade, B., and Torres-Dowdall, J., 2008, Fundamental limits to the accuracy of deuterium isotopes for identifying the spatial origin of migratory animals: Oecologia, v. 158, no. 2, p. 183-192, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-008-1143-6.","startPage":"183","endPage":"192","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212025,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-008-1143-6"},{"id":239428,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"158","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1418e4b0c8380cd548e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Farmer, A.","contributorId":20957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farmer","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cade, B.S.","contributorId":47315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cade","given":"B.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Torres-Dowdall, J.","contributorId":13433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torres-Dowdall","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030676,"text":"70030676 - 2008 - An assessment of the effects of cell size on AGNPS modeling of watershed runoff","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:00","indexId":"70030676","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1191,"text":"Cartography and Geographic Information Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An assessment of the effects of cell size on AGNPS modeling of watershed runoff","docAbstract":"This study investigates the changes in simulated watershed runoff from the Agricultural NonPoint Source (AGNPS) pollution model as a function of model input cell size resolution for eight different cell sizes (30 m, 60 m, 120 m, 210 m, 240 m, 480 m, 960 m, and 1920 m) for the Little River Watershed (Georgia, USA). Overland cell runoff (area-weighted cell runoff), total runoff volume, clustering statistics, and hot spot patterns were examined for the different cell sizes and trends identified. Total runoff volumes decreased with increasing cell size. Using data sets of 210-m cell size or smaller in conjunction with a representative watershed boundary allows one to model the runoff volumes within 0.2 percent accuracy. The runoff clustering statistics decrease with increasing cell size; a cell size of 960 m or smaller is necessary to indicate significant high-runoff clustering. Runoff hot spot areas have a decreasing trend with increasing cell size; a cell size of 240 m or smaller is required to detect important hot spots. Conclusions regarding cell size effects on runoff estimation cannot be applied to local watershed areas due to the inconsistent changes of runoff volume with cell size; but, optimal cells sizes for clustering and hot spot analyses are applicable to local watershed areas due to the consistent trends.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Cartography and Geographic Information Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1559/152304008786140542","issn":"15230","usgsCitation":"Wu, S., Usery, E., Finn, M., and Bosch, D., 2008, An assessment of the effects of cell size on AGNPS modeling of watershed runoff: Cartography and Geographic Information Science, v. 35, no. 4, p. 265-278, https://doi.org/10.1559/152304008786140542.","startPage":"265","endPage":"278","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212024,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1559/152304008786140542"},{"id":239427,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea18e4b0c8380cd4861f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wu, S.-S.","contributorId":51714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"S.-S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Usery, E.L.","contributorId":45355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Usery","given":"E.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Finn, M.P.","contributorId":73246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bosch, D.D.","contributorId":10223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bosch","given":"D.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70033702,"text":"70033702 - 2008 - Modeling variability and trends in pesticide concentrations in streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:30","indexId":"70033702","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling variability and trends in pesticide concentrations in streams","docAbstract":"A parametric regression model was developed for assessing the variability and long-term trends in pesticide concentrations in streams. The dependent variable is the logarithm of pesticide concentration and the explanatory variables are a seasonal wave, which represents the seasonal variability of concentration in response to seasonal application rates; a streamflow anomaly, which is the deviation of concurrent daily streamflow from average conditions for the previous 30 days; and a trend, which represents long-term (inter-annual) changes in concentration. Application of the model to selected herbicides and insecticides in four diverse streams indicated the model is robust with respect to pesticide type, stream location, and the degree of censoring (proportion of nondetections). An automatic model fitting and selection procedure for the seasonal wave and trend components was found to perform well for the datasets analyzed. Artificial censoring scenarios were used in a Monte Carlo simulation analysis to show that the fitted trends were unbiased and the approximate p-values were accurate for as few as 10 uncensored concentrations during a three-year period, assuming a sampling frequency of 15 samples per year. Trend estimates for the full model were compared with a model without the streamflow anomaly and a model in which the seasonality was modeled using standard trigonometric functions, rather than seasonal application rates. Exclusion of the streamflow anomaly resulted in substantial increases in the mean-squared error and decreases in power for detecting trends. Incorrectly modeling the seasonal structure of the concentration data resulted in substantial estimation bias and moderate increases in mean-squared error and decreases in power. ?? 2008 American Water Resources Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2008.00225.x","issn":"10934","usgsCitation":"Vecchia, A.V., Martin, J., and Gilliom, R.J., 2008, Modeling variability and trends in pesticide concentrations in streams: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 44, no. 5, p. 1308-1324, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2008.00225.x.","startPage":"1308","endPage":"1324","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214315,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2008.00225.x"},{"id":242030,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-10-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c5ae4b0c8380cd6fc15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vecchia, A. V.","contributorId":23533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vecchia","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, Jeffrey D.","contributorId":40609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Jeffrey D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gilliom, R. J.","contributorId":60650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilliom","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70033495,"text":"70033495 - 2008 - Mercury concentrations in blood and feathers of prebreeding Forster's terns in relation to space use of San Francisco Bay, California, USA, habitats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-02T08:41:29","indexId":"70033495","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury concentrations in blood and feathers of prebreeding Forster's terns in relation to space use of San Francisco Bay, California, USA, habitats","docAbstract":"We examined mercury concentrations and space use of prebreeding Forster's terns (Sterna forsteri) in San Francisco Bay, California, USA, to assess factors influencing mercury levels in piscivorous birds. In 2005 and 2006, we collected blood and feathers from 122 Forster's terns and radio-marked and tracked 72 terns to determine locations of dietary mercury uptake. Capture site and capture date were the most important factors explaining variation in blood mercury concentrations (geometric mean ?? standard error: 1.09 ?? 0.89 ??g/g wet wt), followed by sex and year. Accordingly, radiotelemetry data revealed that Forster's terns generally remained near their site of capture and foraged in nearby salt ponds, managed and tidal marshes, and tidal flats. In contrast, capture site and capture date were not important factors explaining variation in feather mercury concentrations, probably because feathers were grown on their wintering grounds several months prior to our sampling. Instead, sex and year were the most important factors explaining mercury concentrations in breast feathers (9.57 ?? 8.23 ??g/g fresh wt), and sex was the most important factor for head feathers (6.94 ?? 7.04 ??g/g fresh wt). Overall, 13 and 22% of prebreeding Forster's terns were estimated to be at high risk for deleterious effects due to mercury concentrations in blood (>3.0 ??g/g wet wt) and feathers (>20.0 ??g/g fresh wt), respectively. Breeding terns are likely to be even more at risk because blood mercury concentrations more than tripled during the 45-d prebreeding time period. These data illustrate the importance of space use and tissue type in interpreting mercury concentrations in birds. ?? 2008 SETAC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1897/07-230.1","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Ackerman, J., Eagles-Smith, C.A., Takekawa, J.Y., Bluso, J., and Adelsbach, T., 2008, Mercury concentrations in blood and feathers of prebreeding Forster's terns in relation to space use of San Francisco Bay, California, USA, habitats: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 27, no. 4, p. 897-908, https://doi.org/10.1897/07-230.1.","startPage":"897","endPage":"908","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214248,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1897/07-230.1"},{"id":241948,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a53eee4b0c8380cd6ce0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":441138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285 ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin","email":"ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":441140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":441137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bluso, J.D.","contributorId":17033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bluso","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Adelsbach, T.L.","contributorId":85906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adelsbach","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70032850,"text":"70032850 - 2008 - Ontology-based geospatial data query and integration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-11T13:16:51.326713","indexId":"70032850","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Ontology-based geospatial data query and integration","docAbstract":"Geospatial data sharing is an increasingly important subject as large amount of data is produced by a variety of sources, stored in incompatible formats, and accessible through different GIS applications. Past efforts to enable sharing have produced standardized data format such as GML and data access protocols such as Web Feature Service (WFS). While these standards help enabling client applications to gain access to heterogeneous data stored in different formats from diverse sources, the usability of the access is limited due to the lack of data semantics encoded in the WFS feature types. Past research has used ontology languages to describe the semantics of geospatial data but ontology-based queries cannot be applied directly to legacy data stored in databases or shapefiles, or to feature data in WFS services. This paper presents a method to enable ontology query on spatial data available from WFS services and on data stored in databases. We do not create ontology instances explicitly and thus avoid the problems of data replication. Instead, user queries are rewritten to WFS getFeature requests and SQL queries to database. The method also has the benefits of being able to utilize existing tools of databases, WFS, and GML while enabling query based on ontology semantics.
","conferenceTitle":"5th International Conference on Geographic Information Science, GIScience 2008","conferenceDate":"September 23-26, 2008","conferenceLocation":"Park City, UT","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-3-540-87473-7_24","usgsCitation":"Zhao, T., Zhang, C., Wei, M., and Peng, Z., 2008, Ontology-based geospatial data query and integration, 5th International Conference on Geographic Information Science, GIScience 2008, Park City, UT, September 23-26, 2008, p. 370-392, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87473-7_24.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"370","endPage":"392","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241778,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6e5ae4b0c8380cd755ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhao, T.","contributorId":101892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhao","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhang, C.","contributorId":16646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wei, M.","contributorId":34731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wei","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peng, Z.-R.","contributorId":37970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peng","given":"Z.-R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70032338,"text":"70032338 - 2008 - Efficient estimation of abundance for patchily distributed populations via two-phase, adaptive sampling.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:52","indexId":"70032338","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Efficient estimation of abundance for patchily distributed populations via two-phase, adaptive sampling.","docAbstract":"Many organisms are patchily distributed, with some patches occupied at high density, others at lower densities, and others not occupied. Estimation of overall abundance can be difficult and is inefficient via intensive approaches such as capture-mark-recapture (CMR) or distance sampling. We propose a two-phase sampling scheme and model in a Bayesian framework to estimate abundance for patchily distributed populations. In the first phase, occupancy is estimated by binomial detection samples taken on all selected sites, where selection may be of all sites available, or a random sample of sites. Detection can be by visual surveys, detection of sign, physical captures, or other approach. At the second phase, if a detection threshold is achieved, CMR or other intensive sampling is conducted via standard procedures (grids or webs) to estimate abundance. Detection and CMR data are then used in a joint likelihood to model probability of detection in the occupancy sample via an abundance-detection model. CMR modeling is used to estimate abundance for the abundance-detection relationship, which in turn is used to predict abundance at the remaining sites, where only detection data are collected. We present a full Bayesian modeling treatment of this problem, in which posterior inference on abundance and other parameters (detection, capture probability) is obtained under a variety of assumptions about spatial and individual sources of heterogeneity. We apply the approach to abundance estimation for two species of voles (Microtus spp.) in Montana, USA. We also use a simulation study to evaluate the frequentist properties of our procedure given known patterns in abundance and detection among sites as well as design criteria. For most population characteristics and designs considered, bias and mean-square error (MSE) were low, and coverage of true parameter values by Bayesian credibility intervals was near nominal. Our two-phase, adaptive approach allows efficient estimation of abundance of rare and patchily distributed species and is particularly appropriate when sampling in all patches is impossible, but a global estimate of abundance is required.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/07-2145.1","issn":"00129","usgsCitation":"Conroy, M., Runge, J., Barker, R.J., Schofield, M., and Fonnesbeck, C., 2008, Efficient estimation of abundance for patchily distributed populations via two-phase, adaptive sampling.: Ecology, v. 89, no. 12, p. 3362-3370, https://doi.org/10.1890/07-2145.1.","startPage":"3362","endPage":"3370","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215075,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/07-2145.1"},{"id":242846,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0867e4b0c8380cd51ae1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conroy, M.J.","contributorId":84690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conroy","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Runge, J.P.","contributorId":57180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barker, R. J.","contributorId":34222,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barker","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schofield, M.R.","contributorId":106334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schofield","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fonnesbeck, C.J.","contributorId":41381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fonnesbeck","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70030262,"text":"70030262 - 2008 - The effects of water-level fluctuations on vegetation in a Lake Huron wetland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:01","indexId":"70030262","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effects of water-level fluctuations on vegetation in a Lake Huron wetland","docAbstract":"The diversity and resultant habitat value of wetland plant communities in the Laurentian Great Lake's are dependent on water-level fluctuations of varying frequency and amplitude. Conceptual models have described the response of vegetation to alternating high and low lake levels, but few quantitative studies have documented the changes that occur. In response to recent concerns over shoreline management activities during an ongoing period of low lake levels in lakes Superior, Michigan, and Huron that began in 1999, we analyzed a quantitative data set from Saginaw Bay of Lake Huron collected from 1988 to 1993 during a previous lake-level decline to provide the needed information on vegetation responses. Transects were established that followed topographic contours with water-level histories that differed across a six-year period, ranging from barely flooded to dewatered for varying numbers of years to never dewatered. Percent cover data from randomly placed quadrats along those transects were analyzed to assess floristic changes over time, document development of distinct plant assemblages, and relate the results to lake-level changes. Ordinations showed that plant assemblages sorted out by transects that reflect differing water-level histories. Distinction of assemblages was maintained for at least three years, although the composition and positioning of those assemblages changed as lake levels changed. We present a model that uses orthogonal axes to plot transects by years out of water against distance above water and sorted those transects in a manner that matched ordination results. The model suggests that vegetation response following dewatering is dependent on both position along the water level/soil moisture gradient and length of time since dewatering. This study provided quantitative evidence that lake-level fluctuations drive vegetative change in Great Lakes wetlands, and it may assist in making decisions regarding shoreline management in areas that historically supported wetlands. ?? 2008, The Society of Wetland Scientists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1672/07-129.1","issn":"02775","usgsCitation":"Wilcox, D., and Nichols, S.J., 2008, The effects of water-level fluctuations on vegetation in a Lake Huron wetland: Wetlands, v. 28, no. 2, p. 487-501, https://doi.org/10.1672/07-129.1.","startPage":"487","endPage":"501","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476752,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12648/2271","text":"External Repository"},{"id":212061,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1672/07-129.1"},{"id":239473,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505babace4b08c986b322fcc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilcox, D.A.","contributorId":55382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcox","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, S. J.","contributorId":63770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70030263,"text":"70030263 - 2008 - The Ellsworth terrane, coastal Maine: Geochronology, geochemistry, and Nd-Pb isotopic composition - Implications for the rifting of Ganderia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:11","indexId":"70030263","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Ellsworth terrane, coastal Maine: Geochronology, geochemistry, and Nd-Pb isotopic composition - Implications for the rifting of Ganderia","docAbstract":"The Ellsworth terrane is one of a number of fault-bounded blocks that occur along the eastern margin of Ganderia, the western-most of the peri-Gondwanan domains in the northern Appalachians that were accreted to Laurentia in the Paleozoic. Geologic relations, detrital zircon ages, and basalt geochemistry suggest that the Ellsworth terrane is part of Ganderia and not an exotic terrane. In the Penobscot Bay area of coastal Maine, the Ellsworth terrane is dominantly composed of bimodal basalt-rhyolite volcanic sequences of the Ellsworth Schist and unconformably overlying Castine Volcanics. We use new U-Pb zircon geochronology, geochemistry, and Nd and Pb isotopes for these volcanic sequences to constrain the petrogenetic history and paleotectonic setting of the Ellsworth terrane and its relationship with Ganderia. U-Pb zircon geochronology for rhyolites indicates that both the Ellsworth Schist (508.6 ?? 0.8 Ma) and overlying Castine Volcanics (503.5 ?? 2.5 Ma) are Middle Cambrian in age. Two tholefitic basalt types are recognized. Type Tb-1 basalt, present as pillowed and massive lava flows and as sills in both units, has depleted La and Ce ([La/Nd]N = 0.53-0.87) values, flat heavy rare earth element (REE) values, and no positive Th or negative Ta anomalies on primitive mantle-normalized diagrams. In contrast, type Th-2 basalt, present only in the Castine Volcanics, has stightly enriched LREE ([La/Yb]N = 1.42-2.92) values and no Th or Th anomalies. Both basalt types have strongly positive ??Nd (500) values (Th-1 = +7.9-+8.6; Th-2 = +5.6-+7.0) and relatively enriched Pb isotopic compositions (206Ph/204Pb = 18.037-19.784; 207/204Pb = 15.531-15.660; 2088Pb/204Pb = 37.810-38.817). The basalts have compositions transitional between recent normal and enriched mid-ocean-ridge basalt, and they were probably derived by partial melting of compositionatly heterogeneous asthenosphenc mantle. Two types of rhyolite also are present. Type R-1 rhyolite, which mostly occurs as tuffs interlayered with basalt in the Ellsworth Schist, is calc-alkaline and characterized by relatively low REE, Zr, and Hf contents, enriched LREE ([La/Yb]N ???3-6), positive Th and negative Th anomalies, ??Nd (500) values near zero (+0.5 to -0.9), and relatively unradiogenic Ph isotope values (206Pb/204Pb = 18.845; 207Pb/ 204Pb = 15.625; 208Pb/204Pb = 38.626). The data suggest that R-1 rhyolite magma was Likely derived by mixing of basalt with melts from a relatively depleted crustal source. Type R-2 rhyolite, which mostly occurs as lava flows and domes in the Castine volcanics, is tholeiitic and characterized by enriched REE with flat patterns ([La/Yb]N = 1-2.5), moderate negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0-34.5), enriched Th, small negative Th anomalies, and ??Nd (500) (+5.8-+7.5) and Ph isotope (206Pb/204Pb = 19.175-19.619; 207Pb/204Pb = 15.605--15.649; 208Pb/204Pb = 38.834-38.851) values that overlap those of the tholeiitic basalts. The data suggest that R-2 rhyolite magma was derived by the partial melting of hydrothermally altered basalt with the addition of a small amount of an enriched component, probably R-1 rhyolite. The geololic, geochemicai, and isotopic characteristics of the bimodal volcanic sequences strongly suggest that the Ellsworth terrane did not evolve as an extensional back-arc basin behind an active arc, but rather it evolved as a proto-oceanic rift petrogenetically similar to Cenozoic rifts like the Gulf of California-Salton mrough and Red Sea-Gulf of Aden rift systems. Such a setting is supported by the presence of serpentinized mantle and zinc-copper-rich massive sulfide deposits in the Ellsworth terrane. We conclude that the Ellsworth terrane developed as a Mid","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/B26336.1","issn":"00167","usgsCitation":"Schulz, K.J., Stewart, D.B., Tucker, R.D., Pollock, J., and Ayuso, R., 2008, The Ellsworth terrane, coastal Maine: Geochronology, geochemistry, and Nd-Pb isotopic composition - Implications for the rifting of Ganderia: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 120, no. 9-10, p. 1134-1158, https://doi.org/10.1130/B26336.1.","startPage":"1134","endPage":"1158","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239506,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212088,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B26336.1"}],"volume":"120","issue":"9-10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-09-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba719e4b08c986b321367","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schulz, K. J.","contributorId":79131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stewart, D. B.","contributorId":41809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tucker, R. D.","contributorId":43409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tucker","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pollock, J.C.","contributorId":107496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollock","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ayuso, R. A. 0000-0002-8496-9534","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8496-9534","contributorId":27079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayuso","given":"R. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70032843,"text":"70032843 - 2008 - Characterizing the marsh dieback spectral response at the plant and canopy level with hyperspectral and temporal remote sensing data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:23","indexId":"70032843","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Characterizing the marsh dieback spectral response at the plant and canopy level with hyperspectral and temporal remote sensing data","docAbstract":"We describe newly developed remote sensing tools to map the localized occurrences and regional distribution of the marsh dieback in coastal Louisiana (Fig. 1). As a final goal of our research and development, we identified what spectral features accompanied the onset of dieback and could be directly linked to the optical signal measured at the satellite. In order to accomplish our research goal, we carried out two interlinked objectives. First, we determined the spectral features within the hyperspectral spectra of the impacted plant that could be linked to the spectral return. This was accomplished by measuring the differences in leaf optical properties of impacted and non impacted marsh plants in such a way that the measured differences could be linked to the dieback onset and progression. The spectral analyses were constrained to selected wavelengths (bands of reflectance data) historically associated with changes in leaf composition and structure caused by changes in the plant biophysical environment. Second, we determined what changes in the canopy reflectance (canopy signal sensed at the satellite) could be linked to dieback onset and progression. Third, we transformed a suite of six Landsat Thematic Mapper images collected before, during, and in the final stages of dieback to maps of dieback occurrences. ??2008 IEEE.","largerWorkTitle":"US/EU-Baltic International Symposium: Ocean Observations, Ecosystem-Based Management and Forecasting - Provisional Symposium Proceed","conferenceTitle":"US/EU-Baltic International Symposium: Ocean Observations, Ecosystem-Based Management and Forecasting, BALTIC","conferenceDate":"27 May 2008 through 29 May 2008","conferenceLocation":"Tallinn","language":"English","doi":"10.1109/BALTIC.2008.4625515","isbn":"9781424422685","usgsCitation":"Ramsey, E., and Rangoonwala, A., 2008, Characterizing the marsh dieback spectral response at the plant and canopy level with hyperspectral and temporal remote sensing data, in US/EU-Baltic International Symposium: Ocean Observations, Ecosystem-Based Management and Forecasting - Provisional Symposium Proceed, Tallinn, 27 May 2008 through 29 May 2008, https://doi.org/10.1109/BALTIC.2008.4625515.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213989,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/BALTIC.2008.4625515"},{"id":241671,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f501e4b0c8380cd4c034","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramsey, E. 0000-0002-4518-5796","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4518-5796","contributorId":91310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":438201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rangoonwala, A. 0000-0002-0556-0598","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0556-0598","contributorId":95248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rangoonwala","given":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":438202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70033498,"text":"70033498 - 2008 - Assessment of forest geospatial patterns over the three giant forest areas of China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T11:58:03","indexId":"70033498","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2298,"text":"Journal of Forestry Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of forest geospatial patterns over the three giant forest areas of China","docAbstract":"Geospatial patterns of forest fragmentation over the three traditional giant forested areas of China (Northeastern, southwestern and Southern China) were analyzed comparatively and reported based on a 250-m resolution land cover dataset. Specifically, the spatial patterns of forest fragmentation were characterized by combining geospatial metrics and forest fragmentation models. The driving forces resulting in the differences of the forest spatial patterns were also investigated. Results suggested that forests in southwest China had the highest severity of forest fragmentation, followed by south region and northeast region. The driving forces of forest fragmentation in China were primarily the giant population and improper exploitation of forests. In conclusion, the generated information in the study provided valuable insights and implications as to the fragmentation patterns and the conservation of biodiversity or genes, and the use of the chosen geospatial metrics and forest fragmentation models was quite useful for depicting forest fragmentation patterns. ?? 2008 Northeast Forestry University.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11676-008-0004-9","issn":"1007662X","usgsCitation":"Li, M., Zhu, Z., Lu, H., Xu, D., Liu, A., and Peng, S., 2008, Assessment of forest geospatial patterns over the three giant forest areas of China: Journal of Forestry Research, v. 19, no. 1, p. 25-31, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-008-0004-9.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"31","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241981,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214276,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11676-008-0004-9"}],"volume":"19","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-03-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee31e4b0c8380cd49bff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Li, M.-S.","contributorId":56871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"M.-S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhu, Z.-L.","contributorId":107865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Z.-L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lu, H.","contributorId":49936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Xu, D.","contributorId":41231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Liu, A.-X.","contributorId":65293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"A.-X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Peng, S.-K.","contributorId":50367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peng","given":"S.-K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70030329,"text":"70030329 - 2008 - The effects of land use on fluvial sediment chemistry for the conterminous U.S. - Results from the first cycle of the NAWQA Program: Trace and major elements, phosphorus, carbon, and sulfur","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:11","indexId":"70030329","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effects of land use on fluvial sediment chemistry for the conterminous U.S. - Results from the first cycle of the NAWQA Program: Trace and major elements, phosphorus, carbon, and sulfur","docAbstract":"In 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began the first cycle of its National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program. The Program encompassed 51 river basins that collectively accounted for more than 70% of the total water use (excluding power generation), and 50% of the drinking water supply in the U.S. The basins represented a variety of hydrologic settings, rock types (geology), land-use categories, and population densities. One aspect of the first cycle included bed sediment sampling; sites were chosen to represent baseline and important land-use categories (e.g., agriculture, urban) in each basin. In total, over 1200 bed sediment samples were collected. All samples were size-limited (< 63????m) to facilitate spatial and/or temporal comparisons, and subsequently analyzed for a variety of chemical constituents including major (e.g., Fe, Al,) and trace elements (e.g., Cu, Zn, Cd), nutrients (e.g., P), and carbon. The analyses yielded total (??? 95% of the concentrations present), rather than total-recoverable chemical data. Land-use percentages, upstream underlying geology, and population density were determined for each site and evaluated to asses their relative influence on sediment chemistry. Baseline concentrations for the entire U.S. also were generated from a subset of all the samples, and are based on material collected from low population (??? 27??p km- 2) density, low percent urban (??? 5%), agricultural or undeveloped areas. The NAWQA baseline values are similar to those found in other national and global datasets. Further, it appears that upstream/underlying rock type has only a limited effect (mostly major elements) on sediment chemistry. The only land-use category that appears to substantially affect sediment chemistry is percent urban, and this result is mirrored by population density; in fact, the latter appears more consistent than the former.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of the Total Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.04.027","issn":"00489","usgsCitation":"Horowitz, A.J., and Stephens, V., 2008, The effects of land use on fluvial sediment chemistry for the conterminous U.S. - Results from the first cycle of the NAWQA Program: Trace and major elements, phosphorus, carbon, and sulfur: Science of the Total Environment, v. 400, no. 1-3, p. 290-314, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.04.027.","startPage":"290","endPage":"314","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212062,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.04.027"},{"id":239477,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"400","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bab89e4b08c986b322eda","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horowitz, A. J.","contributorId":102066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horowitz","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stephens, V. C.","contributorId":46569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephens","given":"V. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70033499,"text":"70033499 - 2008 - Spatial and temporal statistical analysis of bycatch data: Patterns of sea turtle bycatch in the North Atlantic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:34","indexId":"70033499","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal statistical analysis of bycatch data: Patterns of sea turtle bycatch in the North Atlantic","docAbstract":"Loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) sea turtle distributions and movements in offshore waters of the western North Atlantic are not well understood despite continued efforts to monitor, survey, and observe them. Loggerhead and leatherback sea turtles are listed as endangered by the World Conservation Union, and thus anthropogenic mortality of these species, including fishing, is of elevated interest. This study quantifies spatial and temporal patterns of sea turtle bycatch distributions to identify potential processes influencing their locations. A Ripley's K function analysis was employed on the NOAA Fisheries Atlantic Pelagic Longline Observer Program data to determine spatial, temporal, and spatio-temporal patterns of sea turtle bycatch distributions within the pattern of the pelagic fishery distribution. Results indicate that loggerhead and leatherback sea turtle catch distributions change seasonally, with patterns of spatial clustering appearing from July through October. The results from the space-time analysis indicate that sea turtle catch distributions are related on a relatively fine scale (30-200 km and 1-5 days). The use of spatial and temporal point pattern analysis, particularly K function analysis, is a novel way to examine bycatch data and can be used to inform fishing practices such that fishing could still occur while minimizing sea turtle bycatch. ?? 2008 NRC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/F08-152","issn":"07066","usgsCitation":"Gardner, B., Sullivan, P., Morreale, S., and Epperly, S., 2008, Spatial and temporal statistical analysis of bycatch data: Patterns of sea turtle bycatch in the North Atlantic: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 65, no. 11, p. 2461-2470, https://doi.org/10.1139/F08-152.","startPage":"2461","endPage":"2470","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214306,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/F08-152"},{"id":242015,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9448e4b08c986b31a99c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gardner, B.","contributorId":26793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sullivan, P.J.","contributorId":38762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morreale, S.J.","contributorId":101463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morreale","given":"S.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Epperly, S.P.","contributorId":95708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Epperly","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70033500,"text":"70033500 - 2008 - Modeling potential habitats for alien species Dreissena polymorpha in continental USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-12T13:37:13","indexId":"70033500","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":630,"text":"Acta Ecologica Sinica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling potential habitats for alien species Dreissena polymorpha in continental USA","docAbstract":"The effective measure to minimize the damage of invasive species is to block the potential invasive species to enter into suitable areas. 1864 occurrence points with GPS coordinates and 34 environmental variables from Daymet datasets were gathered, and 4 modeling methods, i.e., Logistic Regression (LR), Classification and Regression Trees (CART), Genetic Algorithm for Rule-Set Prediction (GARP), and maximum entropy method (Maxent), were introduced to generate potential geographic distributions for invasive species Dreissena polymorpha in Continental USA. Then 3 statistical criteria of the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (AUC), Pearson correlation (COR) and Kappa value were calculated to evaluate the performance of the models, followed by analyses on major contribution variables. Results showed that in terms of the 3 statistical criteria, the prediction results of the 4 ecological niche models were either excellent or outstanding, in which Maxent outperformed the others in 3 aspects of predicting current distribution habitats, selecting major contribution factors, and quantifying the influence of environmental variables on habitats. Distance to water, elevation, frequency of precipitation and solar radiation were 4 environmental forcing factors. The method suggested in the paper can have some reference meaning for modeling habitats of alien species in China and provide a direction to prevent Mytilopsis sallei on the Chinese coast line.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Acta Ecologica Sinica","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/S1872-2032(08)60080-3","issn":"10000","usgsCitation":"Mingyang, L., Yunwei, J., Kumar, S., and Stohlgren, T.J., 2008, Modeling potential habitats for alien species Dreissena polymorpha in continental USA: Acta Ecologica Sinica, v. 28, no. 9, p. 4253-4258, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1872-2032(08)60080-3.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"4253","endPage":"4258","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242016,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263977,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1872-2032(08)60080-3"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.5,18.9 ], [ 172.5,71.4 ], [ -66.9,71.4 ], [ -66.9,18.9 ], [ 172.5,18.9 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"28","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c1ee4b0c8380cd6fa4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mingyang, Li","contributorId":105133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mingyang","given":"Li","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yunwei, Ju","contributorId":37161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yunwei","given":"Ju","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kumar, Sunil","contributorId":84992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kumar","given":"Sunil","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stohlgren, Thomas J. 0000-0001-9696-4450 stohlgrent@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9696-4450","contributorId":2902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"Thomas","email":"stohlgrent@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":441156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70030646,"text":"70030646 - 2008 - Gas and gas hydrate distribution around seafloor seeps in Mississippi Canyon, Northern Gulf of Mexico, using multi-resolution seismic imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:14","indexId":"70030646","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gas and gas hydrate distribution around seafloor seeps in Mississippi Canyon, Northern Gulf of Mexico, using multi-resolution seismic imagery","docAbstract":"To determine the impact of seeps and focused flow on the occurrence of shallow gas hydrates, several seafloor mounds in the Atwater Valley lease area of the Gulf of Mexico were surveyed with a wide range of seismic frequencies. Seismic data were acquired with a deep-towed, Helmholz resonator source (220-820 Hz); a high-resolution, Generator-Injector air-gun (30-300 Hz); and an industrial air-gun array (10-130 Hz). Each showed a significantly different response in this weakly reflective, highly faulted area. Seismic modeling and observations of reversed-polarity reflections and small scale diffractions are consistent with a model of methane transport dominated regionally by diffusion but punctuated by intense upward advection responsible for the bathymetric mounds, as well as likely advection along pervasive filamentous fractures away from the mounds.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.015","issn":"02648","usgsCitation":"Wood, W., Hart, P., Hutchinson, D.R., Dutta, N., Snyder, F., Coffin, R., and Gettrust, J., 2008, Gas and gas hydrate distribution around seafloor seeps in Mississippi Canyon, Northern Gulf of Mexico, using multi-resolution seismic imagery: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 25, no. 9, p. 952-959, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.015.","startPage":"952","endPage":"959","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476716,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/2619","text":"External Repository"},{"id":212108,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.015"},{"id":239531,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a14bfe4b0c8380cd54b48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, W.T.","contributorId":51516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"W.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hart, P. E.","contributorId":10773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"P. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hutchinson, D. R.","contributorId":31770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dutta, N.","contributorId":7086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dutta","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Snyder, F.","contributorId":84160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Coffin, R.B.","contributorId":59628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coffin","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gettrust, J.F.","contributorId":80080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gettrust","given":"J.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70031874,"text":"70031874 - 2008 - Comparisons of shear-wave slowness in the Santa Clara Valley, California using blind interpretations of data from invasive and noninvasive methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:27","indexId":"70031874","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparisons of shear-wave slowness in the Santa Clara Valley, California using blind interpretations of data from invasive and noninvasive methods","docAbstract":"Many groups contributed to a blind interpretation exercise for the determination of shear-wave slowness beneath the Santa Clara Valley. The methods included invasive methods in deep boreholes as well as noninvasive methods using active and passive sources, at six sites within the valley (with most investigations being conducted at a pair of closely spaced sites near the center of the valley). Although significant variability exists between the models, the slownesses from the various methods are similar enough that linear site amplifications estimated in several ways are generally within 20% of one another. The methods were able to derive slownesses that increase systematically with distance from the valley edge, corresponding to a tendency for the sites to be underlain by finer-grained materials away from the valley edge. This variation is in agreement with measurements made in the boreholes at the sites.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120070277","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Boore, D., and Asten, M., 2008, Comparisons of shear-wave slowness in the Santa Clara Valley, California using blind interpretations of data from invasive and noninvasive methods: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 98, no. 4, p. 1983-2003, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120070277.","startPage":"1983","endPage":"2003","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214580,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120070277"},{"id":242316,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"98","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f8c4e4b0c8380cd4d2ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boore, D.M. 0000-0002-8605-9673","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8605-9673","contributorId":64226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boore","given":"D.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Asten, M.W.","contributorId":101952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asten","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70033503,"text":"70033503 - 2008 - Breeding stage influences space use of female American avocets in San Francisco Bay, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-02T08:38:53","indexId":"70033503","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Breeding stage influences space use of female American avocets in San Francisco Bay, California","docAbstract":"Female American Avocets (Recurvirostra americana) were radio-marked (N=15) and tracked in the South San Francisco Bay, California, to determine if space use varied by breeding stage. Visual observations were used to determine breeding stage (pre-incubation, incubation, brood-rearing, post-breeding) of marked avocets. Space use measurements (linear movements, home ranges, core areas, and average distance from nest) varied significantly among breeding stages. Space use was greatest for the post-breeding stage, followed by pre-incubation, incubation, and brood-rearing. Most avocet nests (93%) were located within their pre-incubation core area boundaries, whereas only 36% of nests were within post-breeding core areas. Distance between daily location and future nest sites decreased significantly as the number of days prior to incubation decreased, suggesting that avocets prospected future nest sites several weeks prior to nesting. These data indicate that breeding stage influences space use of female American Avocets and illustrates the importance of delineating breeding stages to better understand space use of avian species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterbirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695-31.3.365","issn":"15244","usgsCitation":"Demers, S.A., Colwell, M.A., Takekawa, J.Y., and Ackerman, J., 2008, Breeding stage influences space use of female American avocets in San Francisco Bay, California: Waterbirds, v. 31, no. 3, p. 365-371, https://doi.org/10.1675/1524-4695-31.3.365.","startPage":"365","endPage":"371","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242050,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214333,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1675/1524-4695-31.3.365"}],"volume":"31","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f276e4b0c8380cd4b1b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Demers, Scott A.","contributorId":62411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demers","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Colwell, M. A.","contributorId":101618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colwell","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":441175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":441176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70033505,"text":"70033505 - 2008 - ALLTEM UXO detection and discrimination","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:32","indexId":"70033505","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"ALLTEM UXO detection and discrimination","docAbstract":"ALLTEM is a multi-axis electromagnetic induction system designed for unexploded ordnance (UXO) applications. It uses a continuous triangle-wave excitation and provides good late-time signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) especially for ferrous targets. Multi-axis transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) systems such as ALLTEM provide a richer data set from which to invert for the target parameters required to distinguish between clutter and UXO. Inversions of field data over the Army's UXO Calibration Grid and Blind Test Grid at the Yuma Proving Ground (YPG), Arizona in 2006 produced polarizability moment values for many buried UXO items that were reasonable and generally repeatable for targets of the same type buried at different orientations and depths. In 2007 a test stand was constructed that allows for collection of data with varying spatial data density and accurate automated position control. The behavior of inverted ALLTEM test stand data as a function of spatial data density, sensor SNR, and position error has been investigated. The results indicate that the ALLTEM inversion algorithm is more tolerant of sensor noise and position error than has been reported for single-axis systems. A high confidence level in inversion-derived target parameters is required when a target is declared to be harmless scrap metal that may safely be left in the ground. Unless high confidence can be demonstrated, state regulators will likely require that targets be dug regardless of any \"no-dig\" classifications produced from inversions, in which case remediation costs would not be decreased.","largerWorkTitle":"SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts","language":"English","doi":"10.1190/1.3063947","issn":"10523","usgsCitation":"Asch, T., Wright, D., Moulton, C., Irons, T., and Nabighian, M., 2008, ALLTEM UXO detection and discrimination, in SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts, v. 27, no. 1, p. 2892-2896, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3063947.","startPage":"2892","endPage":"2896","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214361,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3063947"},{"id":242082,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e62be4b0c8380cd471e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asch, T.H.","contributorId":90552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asch","given":"T.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, D.L.","contributorId":88758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moulton, C.W.","contributorId":81681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moulton","given":"C.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Irons, T.P.","contributorId":35965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irons","given":"T.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nabighian, M.N.","contributorId":62724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nabighian","given":"M.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70033507,"text":"70033507 - 2008 - Understanding the relationship between audiomagnetotelluric data and models, and borehole data in a hydrological environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:32","indexId":"70033507","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Understanding the relationship between audiomagnetotelluric data and models, and borehole data in a hydrological environment","docAbstract":"Audiomagnetotelluric (AMT) data and resulting models are analyzed with respect to geophysical and geological borehole logs in order to clarify the relationship between the two methodologies of investigation of a hydrological environment. Several profiles of AMT data collected in basins in southwestern United States are being used for groundwater exploration and hydrogeological framework studies. In a systematic manner, the AMT data and models are compared to borehole data by computing the equivalent one-dimensional AMT model and comparing with the two-dimensional (2-D) inverse AMT model. The spatial length is used to determine if the well is near enough to the AMT profile to quantify the relationship between the two datasets, and determine the required resolution of the AMT data and models. The significance of the quality of the borehole data when compared to the AMT data is also examined.","largerWorkTitle":"SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts","language":"English","doi":"10.1190/1.3063902","issn":"10523","usgsCitation":"McPhee, D., and Pellerin, L., 2008, Understanding the relationship between audiomagnetotelluric data and models, and borehole data in a hydrological environment, in SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts, v. 27, no. 1, p. 2684-2688, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3063902.","startPage":"2684","endPage":"2688","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214391,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3063902"},{"id":242114,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbc5fe4b08c986b328bbc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McPhee, D.K.","contributorId":96775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPhee","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pellerin, L.","contributorId":94073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pellerin","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70032773,"text":"70032773 - 2008 - Modelling the impact of wind stress and river discharge on Danshuei River plume","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:23","indexId":"70032773","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":840,"text":"Applied Mathematical Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modelling the impact of wind stress and river discharge on Danshuei River plume","docAbstract":"A three-dimensional, time-dependent, baroclinic, hydrodynamic and salinity model, UnTRIM, was performed and applied to the Danshuei River estuarine system and adjacent coastal sea in northern Taiwan. The model forcing functions consist of tidal elevations along the open boundaries and freshwater inflows from the main stream and major tributaries in the Danshuei River estuarine system. The bottom friction coefficient was adjusted to achieve model calibration and verification in model simulations of barotropic and baroclinic flows. The turbulent diffusivities were ascertained through comparison of simulated salinity time series with observations. The model simulation results are in qualitative agreement with the available field data. The validated model was then used to investigate the influence of wind stress and freshwater discharge on Dasnhuei River plume. As the absence of wind stress, the anticyclonic circulation is prevailed along the north to west coast. The model results reveal when winds are downwelling-favorable, the surface low-salinity waters are flushed out and move to southwest coast. Conversely, large amounts of low-salinity water flushed out the Danshuei River mouth during upwelling-favorable winds, as the buoyancy-driven circulation is reversed. Wind stress and freshwater discharge are shown to control the plume structure. ?? 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Mathematical Modelling","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.apm.2007.03.009","issn":"0307904X","usgsCitation":"Liu, W., Chen, W., Cheng, R.T., and Hsu, M., 2008, Modelling the impact of wind stress and river discharge on Danshuei River plume: Applied Mathematical Modelling, v. 32, no. 7, p. 1255-1280, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2007.03.009.","startPage":"1255","endPage":"1280","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487694,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2007.03.009","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":213985,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2007.03.009"},{"id":241667,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c77e4b0c8380cd6fd08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liu, W.-C.","contributorId":9468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"W.-C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chen, W.-B.","contributorId":62413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"W.-B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cheng, R. T.","contributorId":23138,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cheng","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hsu, M.-H.","contributorId":28074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hsu","given":"M.-H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70032772,"text":"70032772 - 2008 - Using the Model Coupling Toolkit to couple earth system models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-04T18:57:12","indexId":"70032772","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1551,"text":"Environmental Modelling and Software","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using the Model Coupling Toolkit to couple earth system models","docAbstract":"Continued advances in computational resources are providing the opportunity to operate more sophisticated numerical models. Additionally, there is an increasing demand for multidisciplinary studies that include interactions between different physical processes. Therefore there is a strong desire to develop coupled modeling systems that utilize existing models and allow efficient data exchange and model control. The basic system would entail model \"1\" running on \"M\" processors and model \"2\" running on \"N\" processors, with efficient exchange of model fields at predetermined synchronization intervals. Here we demonstrate two coupled systems: the coupling of the ocean circulation model Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) to the surface wave model Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN), and the coupling of ROMS to the atmospheric model Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Prediction System (COAMPS). Both coupled systems use the Model Coupling Toolkit (MCT) as a mechanism for operation control and inter-model distributed memory transfer of model variables. In this paper we describe requirements and other options for model coupling, explain the MCT library, ROMS, SWAN and COAMPS models, methods for grid decomposition and sparse matrix interpolation, and provide an example from each coupled system. Methods presented in this paper are clearly applicable for coupling of other types of models. ?? 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Modelling and Software","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2008.03.002","issn":"13648152","usgsCitation":"Warner, J., Perlin, N., and Skyllingstad, E., 2008, Using the Model Coupling Toolkit to couple earth system models: Environmental Modelling and Software, v. 23, no. 10-11, p. 1240-1249, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2008.03.002.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1240","endPage":"1249","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241634,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"10-11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc0b0e4b08c986b32a281","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warner, J.C.","contributorId":46644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perlin, N.","contributorId":25004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perlin","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Skyllingstad, E.D.","contributorId":57670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skyllingstad","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70033176,"text":"70033176 - 2008 - An annual plant growth proxy in the Mojave Desert using MODIS-EVI data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:38","indexId":"70033176","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3380,"text":"Sensors","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An annual plant growth proxy in the Mojave Desert using MODIS-EVI data","docAbstract":"In the arid Mojave Desert, the phenological response of vegetation is largely dependent upon the timing and amount of rainfall, and maps of annual plant cover at any one point in time can vary widely. Our study developed relative annual plant growth models as proxies for annual plant cover using metrics that captured phenological variability in Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) satellite images. We used landscape phenologies revealed in MODIS data together with ecological knowledge of annual plant seasonality to develop a suite of metrics to describe annual growth on a yearly basis. Each of these metrics was applied to temporally-composited MODIS-EVI images to develop a relative model of annual growth. Each model was evaluated by testing how well it predicted field estimates of annual cover collected during 2003 and 2005 at the Mojave National Preserve. The best performing metric was the spring difference metric, which compared the average of three spring MODIS-EVI composites of a given year to that of 2002, a year of record drought. The spring difference metric showed correlations with annual plant cover of R2 = 0.61 for 2005 and R 2 = 0.47 for 2003. Although the correlation is moderate, we consider it supportive given the characteristics of the field data, which were collected for a different study in a localized area and are not ideal for calibration to MODIS pixels. A proxy for annual growth potential was developed from the spring difference metric of 2005 for use as an environmental data layer in desert tortoise habitat modeling. The application of the spring difference metric to other imagery years presents potential for other applications such as fuels, invasive species, and dust-emission monitoring in the Mojave Desert.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sensors","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3390/s8127792","issn":"14248","usgsCitation":"Wallace, C., and Thomas, K., 2008, An annual plant growth proxy in the Mojave Desert using MODIS-EVI data: Sensors, v. 8, no. 12, p. 7792-7808, https://doi.org/10.3390/s8127792.","startPage":"7792","endPage":"7808","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476678,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s8127792","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":213463,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s8127792"},{"id":241089,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e9ffe4b0c8380cd4859b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wallace, C.S.A.","contributorId":89712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"C.S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, K.A.","contributorId":100934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}