{"pageNumber":"844","pageRowStart":"21075","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40783,"records":[{"id":97633,"text":"sir20095089 - 2009 - Water Quality and Hydrology of Whitefish (Bardon) Lake, Douglas County, Wisconsin, With Special Emphasis on Responses of an Oligotrophic Seepage Lake to Changes in Phosphorus Loading and Water Level","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T12:29:35","indexId":"sir20095089","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5089","title":"Water Quality and Hydrology of Whitefish (Bardon) Lake, Douglas County, Wisconsin, With Special Emphasis on Responses of an Oligotrophic Seepage Lake to Changes in Phosphorus Loading and Water Level","docAbstract":"Whitefish Lake, which is officially named Bardon Lake, is an oligotrophic, soft-water seepage lake in northwestern Wisconsin, and classified by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources as an Outstanding Resource Water. Ongoing monitoring of the lake demonstrated that its water quality began to degrade (increased phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations) around 2002 following a period of high water level. To provide a better understanding of what caused the degradation in water quality, and provide information to better understand the lake and protect it from future degradation, the U.S. Geological Survey did a detailed study from 2004 to 2008. The goals of the study were to describe the past and present water quality of the lake, quantify water and phosphorus budgets for the lake, simulate the potential effects of changes in phosphorus inputs on the lake's water quality, analyze changes in the water level in the lake since 1900, and relate the importance of changes in climate and changes in anthropogenic (human-induced) factors in the watershed to the water quality of the lake.\r\n\r\nSince 1998, total phosphorus concentrations increased from near the 0.005-milligrams per liter (mg/L) detection limit to about 0.010 mg/L in 2006, and then decreased slightly in 2007-08. During this time, chlorophyll a concentrations and Secchi depths remained relatively stable at about 1.5 micrograms per liter (ug/L) and 26 feet, respectively. Whitefish Lake is typically classified as oligotrophic.\r\n\r\nBecause the productivity in Whitefish Lake is limited by phosphorus, phosphorus budgets were constructed for the lake. Because it was believed that much of its phosphorus comes from the atmosphere, phosphorus deposition was measured in this study. Phosphorus input from the atmosphere was greater than computed based on previously reported wetfall phosphorus concentrations. The concentrations and deposition rates can be used to estimate atmospheric loading in future lake studies. The average annual load of phosphorus to the lake was 232 pounds: 56 percent from precipitation, 27 percent from groundwater, and 16 percent from septic systems. During a series of dry years (low water levels) and wet years (high water levels), the inputs of water and phosphorus ranged by only 10-13 percent.\r\n\r\nResults from the Canfield and Bachmann eutrophication model and Carlson trophic-state-index equations demonstrated that the lake directly responds to changes in external phosphorus loading, with percent change in chlorophyll a being similar to the percent change in loading and the change in total phosphorus and Secchi depth being slightly smaller. Therefore, changes in phosphorus loading should affect the water quality of the lake. Specific scenarios that simulated the effects of anthropogenic (human-induced) and climatic (water level) changes demonstrated that: surface-water inflow (runoff) based on current development has little effect on pelagic water quality, changes in the inputs from septic systems and development in the watershed could have a large effect on water quality, and decreases in water and phosphorus loading during periods of low water level had little effect on water quality. Sustained high water levels, resulting from several wet years with relatively high water and phosphorus input, however, could cause a small degradation in water quality. Although high water levels may be associated with a degradation in water quality, it appears that anthropogenic changes in the watershed may be more important in affecting the future water quality of the lake.\r\n\r\nFluctuations in water levels since 1998 are representative of what has occurred since 1900, with fluctuations of about 3 feet occurring about every 15 years. Based on total phosphorus concentrations inferred from sediment core analysis, there has been little long-term change in water quality and there has been a slight deterioration in water quality following most periods of high water levels. There","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095089","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Whitefish Lake Conservation Organization (WILCO) through the Town of Wascott, Wisconsin","usgsCitation":"Robertson, D.M., Rose, W., and Juckem, P.F., 2009, Water Quality and Hydrology of Whitefish (Bardon) Lake, Douglas County, Wisconsin, With Special Emphasis on Responses of an Oligotrophic Seepage Lake to Changes in Phosphorus Loading and Water Level: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5089, viii, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095089.","productDescription":"viii, 44 p.","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121094,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5089.jpg"},{"id":12779,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5089/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -91.9,46.18333333333333 ], [ -91.9,46.25 ], [ -91.83416666666666,46.25 ], [ -91.83416666666666,46.18333333333333 ], [ -91.9,46.18333333333333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd3b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robertson, Dale M. 0000-0001-6799-0596 dzrobert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6799-0596","contributorId":150760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Dale","email":"dzrobert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rose, William J. wjrose@usgs.gov","contributorId":2182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"William J.","email":"wjrose@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":302718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Juckem, Paul F. 0000-0002-3613-1761 pfjuckem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3613-1761","contributorId":1905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juckem","given":"Paul","email":"pfjuckem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":97627,"text":"ofr20091070 - 2009 - Ocean carbon and biogeochemistry scoping workshop on terrestrial and coastal carbon fluxes in the Gulf of Mexico, St. Petersburg, FL, May 6-8, 2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-07T15:56:24.572823","indexId":"ofr20091070","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1070","title":"Ocean carbon and biogeochemistry scoping workshop on terrestrial and coastal carbon fluxes in the Gulf of Mexico, St. Petersburg, FL, May 6-8, 2008","docAbstract":"Despite their relatively small surface area, ocean margins may have a significant impact on global biogeochemical cycles and, potentially, the global air-sea fluxes of carbon dioxide. Margins are characterized by intense geochemical and biological processing of carbon and other elements and exchange large amounts of matter and energy with the open ocean. The area-specific rates of productivity, biogeochemical cycling, and organic/inorganic matter sequestration are high in coastal margins, with as much as half of the global integrated new production occurring over the continental shelves and slopes (Walsh, 1991; Doney and Hood, 2002; Jahnke, in press). However, the current lack of knowledge and understanding of biogeochemical processes occurring at the ocean margins has left them largely ignored in most of the previous global assessments of the oceanic carbon cycle (Doney and Hood, 2002). A major source of North American and global uncertainty is the Gulf of Mexico, a large semi-enclosed subtropical basin bordered by the United States, Mexico, and Cuba. Like many of the marginal oceans worldwide, the Gulf of Mexico remains largely unsampled and poorly characterized in terms of its air-sea exchange of carbon dioxide and other carbon fluxes.\r\n      In May 2008, the Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry Scoping Workshop on Terrestrial and Coastal Carbon Fluxes in the Gulf of Mexico was held in St. Petersburg, FL, to address the information gaps of carbon fluxes associated with the Gulf of Mexico and to offer recommendations to guide future research. The meeting was attended by over 90 participants from over 50 U.S. and Mexican institutions and agencies. The Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry program (OCB; http://www.us-ocb.org/) sponsored this workshop with support from the National Science Foundation, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the U.S. Geological Survey, and the University of South Florida.\r\n      The goal of the workshop was to bring together researchers from multiple disciplines studying terrestrial, aquatic, and marine ecosystems to discuss the state of knowledge in carbon fluxes in the Gulf of Mexico, data gaps, and overarching questions in the Gulf of Mexico system. The discussions at the workshop were intended to stimulate integrated studies of marine and terrestrial biogeochemical cycles and associated ecosystems that will help to establish the role of the Gulf of Mexico in the carbon cycle and how it might evolve in the face of environmental change. The information derived from the plenary sessions, questions, and recommendations formulated by the participants will drive future research projects. Further discussion of carbon dynamics is needed to address scales of variability, the infrastructure required for study, and the modeling framework for cross-system integration. \r\n      During the workshop, participants discussed and provided a number of priorities and recommendations, which are listed on p. 2 of the report.\r\n      Participants recognized that the key to understanding the Gulf of Mexico system requires international collaboration with scientists from countries adjacent to the Gulf of Mexico. Improved collaboration across existing research community boundaries will be critical and should be encouraged by the funding agencies.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091070","usgsCitation":"Robbins, L.L., Coble, P., Clayton, T., and Cai, W., 2009, Ocean carbon and biogeochemistry scoping workshop on terrestrial and coastal carbon fluxes in the Gulf of Mexico, St. Petersburg, FL, May 6-8, 2008: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1070, iv, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091070.","productDescription":"iv, 46 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2008-05-06","temporalEnd":"2008-05-08","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":12773,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1070/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":195623,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af4e4b07f02db692021","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, L. L.","contributorId":71156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coble, P.G.","contributorId":18077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coble","given":"P.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clayton, T.D.","contributorId":78037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clayton","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cai, W.J.","contributorId":61920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cai","given":"W.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":97628,"text":"gip72 - 2009 - The Gulf Sturgeon in the Suwannee River - Questions and Answers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:27","indexId":"gip72","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":315,"text":"General Information Product","code":"GIP","onlineIssn":"2332-354X","printIssn":"2332-3531","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"72","title":"The Gulf Sturgeon in the Suwannee River - Questions and Answers","docAbstract":"Sturgeons and paddlefishes are modern descendants of an ancient group of freshwater fishes, the Chondrostei (a group of bony fishes with mostly cartilaginous skeletons). Sturgeons evolved during the Age of the Dinosaurs, and have prospered in the large rivers and lakes of North America, Europe and Asia for 200 million years. Together with alligators and crocodiles, they survived the mass extinction at the end of the Mesozoic Era, when the dinosaurs and many other groups of animals disappeared forever. They originated prior to the creation of the Atlantic Ocean, when the Northern Hemisphere supercontinent Pangea broke into North America and Eurasia. Most sturgeons are highly specialized to feed in the sediment on small invertebrate prey, a radical evolutionary departure from most of their fish-eating ancestors.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/gip72","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Sturgeon Quest","usgsCitation":"Sulak, K.J., and Randall, M.T., 2009, The Gulf Sturgeon in the Suwannee River - Questions and Answers: U.S. Geological Survey General Information Product 72, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/gip72.","productDescription":"12 p.","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124856,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/gip_72.jpg"},{"id":12774,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/72/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699aa0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sulak, Kenneth J. 0000-0002-4795-9310 ksulak@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4795-9310","contributorId":2217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sulak","given":"Kenneth","email":"ksulak@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Randall, Michael T. 0000-0001-8805-0886 mrandall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8805-0886","contributorId":3127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Randall","given":"Michael","email":"mrandall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70217333,"text":"70217333 - 2009 - Three‐dimensional model of Hellenic Arc deformation and origin of the Cretan uplift","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-15T21:45:42.647145","indexId":"70217333","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-20T15:39:47","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Three‐dimensional model of Hellenic Arc deformation and origin of the Cretan uplift","docAbstract":"<p><span class=\"paraNumber\">[1]<span>&nbsp;</span></span><span>The Hellenic Arc of Greece is the most seismically active part of Europe, but little is know about its mechanics. We modeled deformation along the arc using a finite element model. The model was intended to capture large‐scale 3‐D structure of Nubian plate subduction beneath the Aegean block and its deformational consequences. The shape of the interface was developed using mapped traces at the surface and earthquake hypocenters at depth. Model block motions were constrained by recent compilations of GPS velocity vectors. We simulated a 10 ka period of convergence between Nubia and the Aegean and calculated the strain field in the overriding plate as well as the spatial distribution and orientation of differential stress (∣</span><i>σ</i><sub>1</sub><span>&nbsp;−&nbsp;</span><i>σ</i><sub>3</sub><span>∣). From these calculations we derived testable quantities such as the expected seismic moment rate on the interplate contact, uplift pattern, and distribution of strain modes. Our relatively simple model broadly reproduced observed uplift patterns, earthquake activity, and loci of extension and contraction. The model showed a localization of uplift near the island of Crete, where the fastest Aegean uplift rates are well documented. Comparison of calculated expected seismic moment and observed earthquake catalogs implies a nearly fully coupled interplate contact. On the basis of our modeling results, we suggest that south Aegean deformation is driven primarily by the fast moving (∼33 mm a</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) Aegean upper plate overriding a nearly stalled (∼5 mm a</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) Nubian lower plate. This tectonic setting thus more closely resembles a continental thrust than it does a typical oceanic subduction zone.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2008JB005599","usgsCitation":"Ganas, A., and Parsons, T., 2009, Three‐dimensional model of Hellenic Arc deformation and origin of the Cretan uplift: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 114, no. B6, B06404, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005599.","productDescription":"B06404, 14 p.","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476074,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jb005599","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382241,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Greece, Turkey","otherGeospatial":"Aegean Sea, Hellenic Arc","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              21.676025390625,\n              35.62158189955968\n            ],\n            [\n              27.806396484374996,\n              35.34425514918409\n            ],\n            [\n              29.487304687499996,\n              36.25313319699069\n            ],\n            [\n              30.684814453125004,\n              38.28131307922966\n            ],\n            [\n              29.476318359375004,\n              40.91351257612758\n            ],\n            [\n              26.74072265625,\n              40.421860362045194\n            ],\n            [\n              25.345458984375,\n              40.713955826286046\n            ],\n            [\n              23.060302734375,\n              40.47202439692057\n            ],\n            [\n              19.951171875,\n              39.53793974517628\n            ],\n            [\n              20.489501953125,\n              37.046408899699564\n            ],\n            [\n              21.676025390625,\n              35.62158189955968\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"114","issue":"B6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ganas, Athanassios","contributorId":247804,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ganas","given":"Athanassios","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parsons, Tom 0000-0002-0582-4338","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0582-4338","contributorId":22056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"Tom","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":97623,"text":"sir20095116 - 2009 - Topographic Change Detection at Select Archeological Sites in Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona, 2006-2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:56","indexId":"sir20095116","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5116","title":"Topographic Change Detection at Select Archeological Sites in Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona, 2006-2007","docAbstract":"Topographic change of archeological sites within the Colorado River corridor of Grand Canyon National Park (GCNP) is a subject of interest to National Park Service managers and other stakeholders in the Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program. Although long-term topographic change resulting from a variety of natural processes is typical in the Grand Canyon region, a continuing debate exists on whether and how controlled releases from Glen Canyon Dam, located immediately upstream of GCNP, are impacting rates of site erosion, artifact transport, and the preservation of archeological resources. Continued erosion of archeological sites threatens both the archeological resources and our future ability to study evidence of past cultural habitation. Understanding the causes and effects of archaeological site erosion requires a knowledge of several factors including the location and magnitude of the changes occurring in relation to archeological resources, the rate of the changes, and the relative contribution of several potential causes, including sediment depletion associated with managed flows from Glen Canyon Dam, site-specific weather patterns, visitor impacts, and long-term climate change. To obtain this information, highly accurate, spatially specific data are needed from sites undergoing change. Using terrestrial lidar data collection techniques and novel TIN- and GRID-based change-detection post-processing methods, we analyzed topographic data for nine archeological sites. The data were collected using three separate data collection efforts spanning 16 months (May 2006 to September 2007). Our results documented positive evidence of erosion, deposition, or both at six of the nine sites investigated during this time interval. In addition, we observed possible signs of change at two of the other sites. Erosion was concentrated in established gully drainages and averaged 12 cm to 17 cm in depth with maximum depths of 50 cm. Deposition was concentrated at specific locations outside of drainages but generally was spread over larger areas (tens to hundreds of square meters). Maximum depths of deposition averaged 12 cm to 15 cm and reached as much as 35 cm. Overall, we found that the spatial distribution and magnitudes of surface change are specific to each site and that a thorough understanding of the geomorphology, weather, and sand supply is requisite for a complete understanding of the data. Additional work in combining these results with site-specific weather, hydrology, and geomorphology data will assist in the development of working models for determining the causes of the documented topographic changes.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095116","usgsCitation":"Collins, B., Minasian, D.L., and Kayen, R., 2009, Topographic Change Detection at Select Archeological Sites in Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona, 2006-2007 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5116, vi, 59 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095116.","productDescription":"vi, 59 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2006-05-01","temporalEnd":"2007-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":644,"text":"Western Coastal and Marine","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124852,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5116.jpg"},{"id":12769,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5116/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115,35 ], [ -115,37 ], [ -111.5,37 ], [ -111.5,35 ], [ -115,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a53e4b07f02db62b2bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, Brian D.","contributorId":71641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Brian D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Minasian, Diane L. dminasian@usgs.gov","contributorId":3232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minasian","given":"Diane","email":"dminasian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":302689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kayen, Robert","contributorId":12030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kayen","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":97622,"text":"sir20095042 - 2009 - Methods for Estimating Water Withdrawals for Aquaculture in the United States, 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:32","indexId":"sir20095042","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5042","title":"Methods for Estimating Water Withdrawals for Aquaculture in the United States, 2005","docAbstract":"Aquaculture water use is associated with raising organisms that live in water - such as finfish and shellfish - for food, restoration, conservation, or sport. Aquaculture production occurs under controlled feeding, sanitation, and harvesting procedures primarily in ponds, flow-through raceways, and, to a lesser extent, cages, net pens, and tanks. Aquaculture ponds, raceways, and tanks usually require the withdrawal or diversion of water from a ground or surface source. Most water withdrawn or diverted for aquaculture production is used to maintain pond levels and/or water quality. Water typically is added for maintenance of levels, oxygenation, temperature control, and flushing of wastes. \r\n\r\nThis report documents methods used to estimate withdrawals of fresh ground water and surface water for aqua-culture in 2005 for each county and county-equivalent in the United States, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands by using aquaculture statistics and estimated water-use coefficients and water-replacement rates. County-level data for commercial and noncommercial operations compiled for the 2005 Census of Aquaculture were obtained from the National Agricultural Statistics Service. Withdrawals of water used at commercial and noncommercial operations for aquaculture ponds, raceways, tanks, egg incubators, and pens and cages for alligators were estimated and totaled by ground-water or surface-water source for each county and county equivalent.\r\n\r\nUse of the methods described in this report, when measured or reported data are unavailable, could result in more consistent water-withdrawal estimates for aquaculture that can be used by water managers and planners to determine water needs and trends across the United States. The results of this study were distributed to U.S. Geological Survey water-use personnel in each State during 2007. Water-use personnel are required to submit estimated withdrawals for all categories of use in their State to the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Use Information Program for inclusion in a national report describing water use in the United States during 2005. Water-use personnel had the option of submitting the estimates determined by using the methods described in this report, a modified version of these estimates, their own set of estimates, or reported data for the aquaculture category. Estimated withdrawals resulting from the method described in this report are not presented herein to avoid potential inconsistencies with estimated withdrawals for aquaculture that will be presented in the national report, as different methods used by water-use personnel may result in different withdrawal estimates. Estimated withdrawals also are not presented to avoid potential disclosure of confidential information for individual aquaculture operations.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095042","usgsCitation":"Lovelace, J.K., 2009, Methods for Estimating Water Withdrawals for Aquaculture in the United States, 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5042, iv, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095042.","productDescription":"iv, 13 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2005-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196008,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12768,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5042/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62a102","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lovelace, John K. 0000-0002-8532-2599 jlovelac@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8532-2599","contributorId":999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovelace","given":"John","email":"jlovelac@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":97621,"text":"sir20085228 - 2009 - Evapotranspiration Rates of Riparian Forests, Platte River, Nebraska, 2002-06","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:25","indexId":"sir20085228","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5228","title":"Evapotranspiration Rates of Riparian Forests, Platte River, Nebraska, 2002-06","docAbstract":"Evapotranspiration (ET) in riparian areas is a poorly understood component of the regional water balance in the Platte River Basin, where competing demands have resulted in water shortages in the ground-water/surface-water system. From April 2002 through March 2006, the U.S. Geological Survey, Nebraska Platte River Cooperative Hydrology Study Group, and Central Platte Natural Resources District conducted a micrometeorological study of water and energy balances at two sites in central Nebraska near Odessa and Gothenburg to improve understanding of ET rates and factors affecting them in Platte River riparian forests. A secondary objective of the study was to constrain estimates of ground-water use by riparian vegetation to satisfy ET consumptive demands, a useful input to regional ground-water flow models.\r\n\r\nBoth study sites are located on large islands within the Platte River characterized by a cottonwood-dominated forest canopy on primarily sandy alluvium. Although both sites are typical of riparian forests along the Platte River in Nebraska, the Odessa understory is dominated by deciduous shrubs, whereas the Gothenburg understory is dominated by eastern redcedars. Additionally, seasonal ground-water levels fluctuated more at Odessa than at Gothenburg. The study period of April 2002 through March 2006 encompassed precipitation conditions ranging from dry to wet.\r\n\r\nThis study characterized the components of the water balance in the riparian zone of each site. ET was evaluated from eddy-covariance sensors installed on towers above the forest canopy at a height of 26.1 meters. Precipitation was measured both above and below the forest canopy. A series of sensors measured soil-moisture availability within the unsaturated zone in two different vertical profiles at each site. Changes in ground-water altitude were evaluated from piezometers. The areal footprint represented in the water balance extended up to 800 meters from each tower.\r\n\r\nDuring the study, ET was less variable than precipitation. Annual ET fluctuated about 7 percent from the 4-year mean, ranging from about 514 to 586 millimeters per year (551 on average) at the Odessa site and 535 to 616 millimeters per year (575 on average) at the Gothenburg site. Conversely, annual precipitation fluctuated by about 35 percent from the 4-year mean, ranging from 429 to 844 millimeters per year at Odessa and 359 to 791 millimeters per year at Gothenburg. Of this precipitation, 14 to 15 percent was intercepted by the forest canopy before it could infiltrate into the soil.\r\n\r\nFor the 4-year period, annual ground-water recharge from the riparian measurement zone averaged 76 and 13 millimeters at Odessa and Gothenburg, respectively, to satisfy the water balance at each site. This indicates that, from an annual perspective, ground-water reductions caused by ET may be minimal. This effect varied somewhat and primarily was affected by fluctuations in precipitation. Ground-water discharge occurred during the driest study year (2002), whereas ground-water recharge occurred from 2003 to 2005. These results do not exclude ground water as an important source of water to riparian vegetation - especially to phreatophytes that have the capability of directly using water from the saturated zone - during periods of high ET in the summer, particularly during periods of lower than normal precipitation. However, the calculations indicate that, on an annual (or longer) net-flux basis, ground-water use by riparian forests is likely to be balanced by periods of recharge from excess precipitation at other times of the year. In contrast to more arid settings, where scientific literature indicates that ground water may supply a large fraction of the water used for ET by riparian vegetation, precipitation along the Platte River of Nebraska was great enough - and generally greater than ET - that most or all of the annual ET demand was satisfied by available precipitation.\r\n\r\nCrop coefficients developed for 15-","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20085228","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Nebraska Platte River Cooperative Hydrology Study Group and Central Platte Natural Resources District","usgsCitation":"Landon, M.K., Rus, D.L., Dietsch, B.J., Johnson, M., and Eggemeyer, K.D., 2009, Evapotranspiration Rates of Riparian Forests, Platte River, Nebraska, 2002-06: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5228, Report: x, 66 p.; Appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085228.","productDescription":"Report: x, 66 p.; Appendixes","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2002-04-01","temporalEnd":"2006-03-31","costCenters":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195677,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12767,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5228/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -101,40 ], [ -101,41.75 ], [ -97.5,41.75 ], [ -97.5,40 ], [ -101,40 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5f9c50","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Landon, Matthew K. 0000-0002-5766-0494 landon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5766-0494","contributorId":392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landon","given":"Matthew","email":"landon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rus, David L. 0000-0003-3538-7826 dlrus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3538-7826","contributorId":881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rus","given":"David","email":"dlrus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dietsch, Benjamin J. 0000-0003-1090-409X bdietsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1090-409X","contributorId":1346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietsch","given":"Benjamin","email":"bdietsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Michaela R. 0000-0001-6133-0247 mrjohns@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6133-0247","contributorId":1013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Michaela R.","email":"mrjohns@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Eggemeyer, Kathleen D.","contributorId":91200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eggemeyer","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":97620,"text":"sir20095074 - 2009 - Channel morphodynamics in four reaches of the Lower Missouri River, 2006-07","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-04T10:30:27","indexId":"sir20095074","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5074","title":"Channel morphodynamics in four reaches of the Lower Missouri River, 2006-07","docAbstract":"Channel morphodynamics in response to flow modifications from Gavins Point Dam are examined in four reaches of the Lower Missouri River. Measures include changes in channel morphology and indicators of sediment transport in four 6 kilometer long reaches located downstream from Gavins Point Dam, near Yankton, South Dakota, Kenslers Bend, Nebraska, Little Sioux, Iowa, and Miami, Missouri. Each of the four reaches was divided into 300 transects with a 20-meter spacing and surveyed during the summer in 2006 and 2007. A subset of 30 transects was randomly selected and surveyed 7-10 times in 2006-07 over a wide range of discharges including managed and natural flow events. Hydroacoustic mapping used a survey-grade echosounder and a Real Time Kinematic Global Positioning System to evaluate channel change. Acoustic Doppler current profiler measurements were used to evaluate bed-sediment velocity. Results indicate varying amounts of deposition, erosion, net change, and sediment transport in the four Lower Missouri River reaches. The Yankton reach was the most stable over monthly and annual time-frames. The Kenslers Bend and Little Sioux reaches exhibited substantial amounts of deposition and erosion, although net change was generally low in both reaches. Total, or gross geomorphic change was greatest in the Kenslers Bend reach. The Miami reach exhibited varying rates of deposition and erosion, and low net change. The Yankton, Kenslers Bend, and Miami reaches experienced net erosion during the time period that bracketed the managed May 2006 spring rise event from Gavins Point Dam.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20095074","collaboration":"Prepared for the Missouri River Recovery-Integrated Science Program U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Yankton, South Dakota","usgsCitation":"Elliott, C.M., Reuter, J.M., and Jacobson, R.B., 2009, Channel morphodynamics in four reaches of the Lower Missouri River, 2006-07: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5074, vi, 259 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095074.","productDescription":"vi, 259 p.","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125159,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5074.jpg"},{"id":12766,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5074/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":330739,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5074/pdf/sir2009-5074.pdf","size":"50 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -100,38 ], [ -100,44 ], [ -88,44 ], [ -88,38 ], [ -100,38 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e4e4b07f02db5e66c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elliott, Caroline M. 0000-0002-9190-7462 celliott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9190-7462","contributorId":2380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Caroline","email":"celliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reuter, Joanna M.","contributorId":50179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reuter","given":"Joanna","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jacobson, Robert B. 0000-0002-8368-2064 rjacobson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":1289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Robert","email":"rjacobson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70156194,"text":"70156194 - 2009 - Spatial analysis of instream nitrogen loads and factors controlling nitrogen delivery to streams in the southeastern United States using spatially referenced regression on watershed attributes (SPARROW) and regional classification frameworks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-10T17:21:36.022189","indexId":"70156194","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial analysis of instream nitrogen loads and factors controlling nitrogen delivery to streams in the southeastern United States using spatially referenced regression on watershed attributes (SPARROW) and regional classification frameworks","docAbstract":"<p>Understanding how nitrogen transport across the landscape varies with landscape characteristics is important for developing sound nitrogen management policies. We used a spatially referenced regression analysis (SPARROW) to examine landscape characteristics influencing delivery of nitrogen from sources in a watershed to stream channels. Modelled landscape delivery ratio varies widely (by a factor of 4) among watersheds in the southeastern United States&mdash;higher in the western part (Tennessee, Alabama, and Mississippi) than in the eastern part, and the average value for the region is lower compared to other parts of the nation. When we model landscape delivery ratio as a continuous function of local-scale landscape characteristics, we estimate a spatial pattern that varies as a function of soil and climate characteristics but exhibits spatial structure in residuals (observed load minus predicted load). The spatial pattern of modelled landscape delivery ratio and the spatial pattern of residuals coincide spatially with Level III ecoregions and also with hydrologic landscape regions. Subsequent incorporation into the model of these frameworks as regional scale variables improves estimation of landscape delivery ratio, evidenced by reduced spatial bias in residuals, and suggests that cross-scale processes affect nitrogen attenuation on the landscape. The model-fitted coefficient values are logically consistent with the hypothesis that broad-scale classifications of hydrologic response help to explain differential rates of nitrogen attenuation, controlling for local-scale landscape characteristics. Negative model coefficients for hydrologic landscape regions where the primary flow path is shallow ground water suggest that a lower fraction of nitrogen mass will be delivered to streams; this relation is reversed for regions where the primary flow path is overland flow.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.7323","usgsCitation":"Hoos, A.B., and McMahon, G., 2009, Spatial analysis of instream nitrogen loads and factors controlling nitrogen delivery to streams in the southeastern United States using spatially referenced regression on watershed attributes (SPARROW) and regional classification frameworks: Hydrological Processes, v. 23, no. 16, p. 2275-2294, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7323.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"2275","endPage":"2294","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-009051","costCenters":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":384702,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Southeastern United States","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-81.677535,36.588117],[-75.867044,36.550754],[-75.533012,35.787377],[-75.960069,36.495025],[-75.791637,36.082267],[-76.132005,36.287773],[-76.191715,36.107197],[-76.447812,36.192514],[-76.298733,36.1012],[-76.575936,36.006167],[-76.721445,36.147838],[-76.675462,36.266882],[-76.722996,36.066585],[-76.608052,35.936668],[-76.093697,35.993001],[-76.046813,35.717935],[-75.86042,35.978262],[-75.713502,35.693993],[-76.165392,35.328659],[-76.499251,35.381492],[-76.586349,35.508957],[-76.476706,35.511707],[-76.634468,35.510332],[-76.580187,35.387113],[-77.023912,35.514802],[-76.472273,35.294936],[-76.801426,34.964369],[-76.958465,35.047647],[-76.762931,34.920374],[-76.463468,35.076411],[-76.332044,34.970917],[-76.524712,34.681964],[-76.673619,34.71491],[-76.523303,34.652271],[-76.093349,35.048705],[-76.524199,34.615416],[-76.990262,34.669623],[-77.556943,34.417218],[-77.956881,33.87779],[-78.383964,33.901946],[-78.772737,33.768511],[-79.359961,33.006672],[-79.55756,33.021269],[-79.968468,32.639732],[-80.413487,32.470672],[-80.466342,32.31917],[-80.905378,32.051943],[-80.841913,32.002643],[-81.065255,31.877095],[-81.254218,31.55594],[-81.17831,31.52241],[-81.276862,31.254734],[-81.490586,30.984952],[-81.408484,30.977718],[-81.308978,29.96944],[-80.995423,29.206052],[-80.567361,28.562353],[-80.566432,28.09563],[-80.031362,26.796339],[-80.152896,25.702855],[-80.229107,25.732509],[-80.409103,25.25346],[-80.777499,25.135047],[-81.142278,25.183],[-81.117265,25.354953],[-81.362272,25.824401],[-81.678287,25.845301],[-81.868983,26.378648],[-82.094748,26.48393],[-82.076349,26.958263],[-82.232193,26.78288],[-82.675121,27.424318],[-82.393383,27.837519],[-82.716522,27.958398],[-82.566819,27.858002],[-82.721622,27.663908],[-82.851126,27.8863],[-82.674787,28.441956],[-82.702618,28.932955],[-83.679219,29.918513],[-84.245668,30.093021],[-84.335953,29.912962],[-85.343619,29.672004],[-85.405052,29.938487],[-86.2987,30.363049],[-88.014572,30.222366],[-87.766626,30.262353],[-88.008396,30.684956],[-88.191542,30.317002],[-89.315067,30.375408],[-89.461275,30.174745],[-89.615856,30.223195],[-89.806182,30.567543],[-89.816429,31.002084],[-91.625118,30.999167],[-91.644356,31.234414],[-91.504163,31.36495],[-91.502783,31.595727],[-91.259611,31.76129],[-91.345714,31.842861],[-91.030706,32.114337],[-91.171046,32.176526],[-90.90072,32.330379],[-91.117308,32.495039],[-91.013723,32.598419],[-91.105704,32.590879],[-91.054481,32.722259],[-91.158336,32.822304],[-91.078904,32.951818],[-91.201842,32.961212],[-91.043624,33.274636],[-91.206807,33.433846],[-91.086758,33.95827],[-90.874541,34.072041],[-90.93268,34.214824],[-90.580677,34.410554],[-90.483969,34.877176],[-90.250095,34.90732],[-90.09061,35.118287],[-90.112504,35.410153],[-89.923161,35.514428],[-89.915491,35.754917],[-89.68182,35.88999],[-89.699677,36.230821],[-89.534507,36.261802],[-89.5391,36.498201],[-88.045304,36.504081],[-88.068208,36.659747],[-87.872062,36.665089],[-81.677535,36.588117]]],[[[-81.582923,24.658732],[-81.451267,24.747464],[-81.298028,24.656774],[-81.765993,24.552103],[-81.582923,24.658732]]],[[[-84.777208,29.707398],[-84.696726,29.76993],[-85.036219,29.588919],[-84.777208,29.707398]]],[[[-82.255777,26.703437],[-82.038403,26.456907],[-82.186441,26.489221],[-82.255777,26.703437]]],[[[-80.250581,25.34193],[-80.611693,24.93842],[-80.192336,25.473331],[-80.250581,25.34193]]],[[[-75.753765,35.199612],[-75.523952,35.318198],[-75.533512,35.773577],[-75.52592,35.233839],[-75.982812,35.081513],[-75.753765,35.199612]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Alabama\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"23","issue":"16","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d305bae4b0518e35468d23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoos, Anne B. abhoos@usgs.gov","contributorId":2236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoos","given":"Anne","email":"abhoos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":567996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McMahon, Gerard 0000-0001-7675-777X gmcmahon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7675-777X","contributorId":191488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"Gerard","email":"gmcmahon@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":97612,"text":"ofr20091066 - 2009 - Testing and refining the Ohio Nowcast at two Lake Erie beaches— 2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-29T20:41:42.323684","indexId":"ofr20091066","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1066","title":"Testing and refining the Ohio Nowcast at two Lake Erie beaches— 2008","docAbstract":"The Ohio Nowcast has been providing real-time beach advisories to the public on the basis of predictive models since 2006. In support of the nowcast, data were collected during the recreational season of 2008 to validate and refine predictive models at two Lake Erie beaches. Predictive models yield data on the probability that the single-sample bathing-water standard for E. coli will be exceeded. Field personnel collected or compiled data on Escherichia coli (E. coli) concentrations as well as variables expected to affect these concentrations, including manual and automated measurements of turbidity, wave height, and water temperature; lake level; and radar and airport rainfall amounts. Two new variables were measured during 2008 - photosynthetically-active radiation at Huntington (Bay Village) and foreshore head at Edgewater (Cleveland). (The foreshore is a strip of land along a body of water between low and high water marks.)\r\n\r\nThe performance of the nowcast was monitored during 2008. The Huntington nowcast yielded a greater percentage of correct responses (84.9 percent) than did the previous day's E. coli concentration (75.2 percent). In contrast, at Edgewater, the nowcast yielded a slightly higher percentage of correct responses (61.0 percent) as compared to the previous day's E. coli concentration (56.5 percent), but both percentages were relatively low. Lake levels in 2008 were significantly higher than levels in the data used to develop the Edgewater models (2004-7), confounding their abilities to provide correct responses. At Edgewater during 2008, the strongest relation (as measured by Pearson's correlation) was between E. coli concentrations and the difference in foreshore head over the past 24 hours (r=0.48), a variable not included in the models. At Huntington, photosynthetically-active radiation on the previous day showed a significant negative relation to E. coli concentrations (r=-0.33) during 2008.\r\n\r\nRefined models were developed for Huntington and Edgewater using data collected from 2005-8. The refined models included the variables wave height, log turbidity, radar or airport rainfall, and day of the year in various combinations for different dated segments of the recreational season. Water-resource managers will determine which models to apply to the Ohio Nowcast for issuing water-quality advisories in 2009.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091066","usgsCitation":"Francy, D.S., Bertke, E.E., and Darner, R.A., 2009, Testing and refining the Ohio Nowcast at two Lake Erie beaches— 2008: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1066, iv, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091066.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p.","temporalStart":"2008-05-01","temporalEnd":"2008-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":389993,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_86751.htm"},{"id":12756,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1066/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":196212,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Lake Erie","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.012939453125,\n              41.46742831254425\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.6888427734375,\n              41.46742831254425\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.6888427734375,\n              41.51474739095224\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.012939453125,\n              41.51474739095224\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.012939453125,\n              41.46742831254425\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad8e4b07f02db6849d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Francy, Donna S. 0000-0001-9229-3557 dsfrancy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9229-3557","contributorId":1853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Francy","given":"Donna","email":"dsfrancy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bertke, Erin E. eebertke@usgs.gov","contributorId":1934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bertke","given":"Erin","email":"eebertke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":302663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Darner, Robert A. 0000-0003-1333-8265 radarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1333-8265","contributorId":1972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Darner","given":"Robert","email":"radarner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":97616,"text":"sir20095080 - 2009 - Detection of conveyance changes in St. Clair River using historical water-level and flow data with inverse one-dimensional hydrodynamic modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-06T14:59:33","indexId":"sir20095080","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5080","title":"Detection of conveyance changes in St. Clair River using historical water-level and flow data with inverse one-dimensional hydrodynamic modeling","docAbstract":"St. Clair River is a connecting channel that transports water from Lake Huron to the St. Clair River Delta and Lake St. Clair. A negative trend has been detected in differences between water levels on Lake Huron and Lake St. Clair. This trend may indicate a combination of flow and conveyance changes within St. Clair River. To identify where conveyance change may be taking place, eight water-level gaging stations along St. Clair River were selected to delimit seven reaches. Positive trends in water-level fall were detected in two reaches, and negative trends were detected in two other reaches. The presence of both positive and negative trends in water-level fall indicates that changes in conveyance are likely occurring among some reaches because all reaches transmit essentially the same flow. Annual water-level fall in reaches and reach lengths was used to compute conveyance ratios for all pairs of reaches by use of water-level data from 1962 to 2007. Positive and negative trends in conveyance ratios indicate that relative conveyance is changing among some reaches. Inverse one-dimensional (1-D) hydrodynamic modeling was used to estimate a partial annual series of effective channel-roughness parameters in reaches forming the St. Clair River for 21 years when flow measurements were sufficient to support parameter estimation. Monotonic, persistent but non-monotonic, and irregular changes in estimated effective channel roughness with time were interpreted as systematic changes in conveyances in five reaches. Time-varying parameter estimates were used to simulate flow throughout the St. Clair River and compute changes in conveyance with time. Based on the partial annual series of parameters, conveyance in the St. Clair River increased about 10 percent from 1962 to 2002. Conveyance decreased, however, about 4.1 percent from 2003 to 2007, so that conveyance was about 5.9 percent higher in 2007 than in 1962.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20095080","isbn":"9781411324350","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with International Upper Great Lakes Study Board and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Holtschlag, D.J., and Hoard, C.J., 2009, Detection of conveyance changes in St. Clair River using historical water-level and flow data with inverse one-dimensional hydrodynamic modeling: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5080, viii, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095080.","productDescription":"viii, 39 p.","temporalStart":"1962-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124859,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5080.jpg"},{"id":12760,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5080/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"St. Clair River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.83333333333333,42.416666666666664 ], [ -82.83333333333333,43.083333333333336 ], [ -82.33333333333333,43.083333333333336 ], [ -82.33333333333333,42.416666666666664 ], [ -82.83333333333333,42.416666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db69722d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holtschlag, David J. 0000-0001-5185-4928 dholtschlag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5185-4928","contributorId":5447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holtschlag","given":"David","email":"dholtschlag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoard, C. J.","contributorId":37436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoard","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70198228,"text":"70198228 - 2009 - Continuing inflation at Three Sisters volcanic center, central Oregon Cascade Range, USA, from GPS, leveling, and InSAR observations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-11T10:54:58","indexId":"70198228","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Continuing inflation at Three Sisters volcanic center, central Oregon Cascade Range, USA, from GPS, leveling, and InSAR observations","docAbstract":"<p><span>Uplift of a broad area centered ~6&nbsp;km west of the summit of South Sister volcano started in September 1997 (onset estimated from model discussed in this paper) and was continuing when surveyed in August 2006. Surface displacements were measured whenever possible since August 1992 with satellite radar interferometry (InSAR), annually since August 2001 with GPS and leveling surveys, and with continuous GPS since May 2001. The average maximum displacement rate from InSAR decreased from 3–5&nbsp;cm/yr during 1998–2001 to ~1.4&nbsp;cm/yr during 2004–2006. The other datasets show a similar pattern, i.e., surface uplift and extension rates decreased over time but deformation continued through August 2006. Our best-fit model to the deformation data is a vertical, prolate, spheroidal point-pressure source located 4.9–5.4&nbsp;km below the surface. The source inflation rate decreased exponentially during 2001–2006 with a 1/</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">e</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>decay time of 5.3 ± 1.1&nbsp;years. The net increase in source volume from September 1997 to August 2006 was 36.5–41.9 x 10</span><sup>6</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>m</span><sup>3</sup><span>. A swarm of ~300 small (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">M</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span><sub>max</sub><span> = 1.9) earthquakes occurred beneath the deforming area in March 2004; no other unusual seismicity has been noted. Similar deformation episodes in the past probably would have gone unnoticed if, as we suspect, most are small intrusions that do not culminate in eruptions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00445-009-0296-4","usgsCitation":"Dzurisin, D., Lisowski, M., and Wicks, C., 2009, Continuing inflation at Three Sisters volcanic center, central Oregon Cascade Range, USA, from GPS, leveling, and InSAR observations: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 71, p. 1091-1110, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-009-0296-4.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1091","endPage":"1110","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355871,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Cascade Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.55249023437501,\n              45.62940492064501\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.55224609375,\n              42.39912215986002\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.08007812499999,\n              42.285437007491545\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.14624023437499,\n              45.637087095718734\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.55249023437501,\n              45.62940492064501\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"71","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98b9bbe4b0702d0e8451f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dzurisin, Daniel 0000-0002-0138-5067 dzurisin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0138-5067","contributorId":538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dzurisin","given":"Daniel","email":"dzurisin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lisowski, Michael 0000-0003-4818-2504 mlisowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4818-2504","contributorId":637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisowski","given":"Michael","email":"mlisowski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wicks, Charles W. Jr. cwicks@usgs.gov","contributorId":3476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wicks","given":"Charles W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"cwicks@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":740655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":97615,"text":"sir20095090 - 2009 - Direct-current resistivity profiling at the Pecos River Ecosystem Project study site near Mentone, Texas, 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-07T20:17:13.381656","indexId":"sir20095090","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5090","title":"Direct-current resistivity profiling at the Pecos River Ecosystem Project study site near Mentone, Texas, 2006","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Texas A&amp;M University AgriLife, did a surface geophysical investigation at the Pecos River Ecosystem Project study site near Mentone in West Texas intended to determine shallow (to about 14 meters below the water [river] surface) subsurface composition (lithology) in and near treated (eradicated of all saltcedar) and control (untreated) riparian zone sites during June-August 2006. Land-based direct-current resistivity profiling was applied in a 240-meter section of the riverbank at the control site, and waterborne direct-current continuous resistivity profiling (CRP) was applied along a 2.279-kilometer reach of the river adjacent to both sites to collect shallow subsurface resistivity data. Inverse modeling was used to obtain a nonunique estimate of the true subsurface resistivity from apparent resistivity calculated from the field measurements. The land-based survey showed that the sub-surface at the control site generally is of relatively low resis-tivity down to about 4 meters below the water surface. Most of the section from about 4 to 10 meters below the water surface is of relatively high resistivity. The waterborne CRP surveys convey essentially the same electrical representation of the lithology at the control site to 10 meters below the water surface; but the CRP surveys show considerably lower resistivity than the land-based survey in the subsection from about 4 to 10 meters below the water surface. The CRP surveys along the 2.279-kilometer reach of the river adjacent to both the treated and control sites show the same relatively low resistivity zone from the riverbed to about 4 meters below the water surface evident at the control site. A slightly higher resistivity zone is observed from about 4 to 14 meters below the water surface along the upstream approximately one-half of the profile than along the downstream one-half. The variations in resistivity could not be matched to variations in lithology because sufficient rock samples were not available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20095090","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Texas A&M University AgriLife","usgsCitation":"Teeple, A., McDonald, A.K., Payne, J., and Kress, W.H., 2009, Direct-current resistivity profiling at the Pecos River Ecosystem Project study site near Mentone, Texas, 2006: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5090, iv, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095090.","productDescription":"iv, 11 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2006-06-01","temporalEnd":"2006-08-31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":415465,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_86731.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":195201,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20095090.gif"},{"id":12759,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5090/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":327269,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5090/pdf/sir2009-5090.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Mentone","otherGeospatial":"Pecos River Ecosystem Project study site","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -103.64298720225229,\n              31.712122261120825\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.64298720225229,\n              31.683489848143097\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.61627904098476,\n              31.683489848143097\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.61627904098476,\n              31.712122261120825\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.64298720225229,\n              31.712122261120825\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aea31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Teeple, Andrew   0000-0003-1781-8354 apteeple@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1781-8354","contributorId":1399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teeple","given":"Andrew  ","email":"apteeple@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":302671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDonald, Alyson K.","contributorId":74835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"Alyson","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Payne, Jason  0000-0003-4294-7924 jdpayne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4294-7924","contributorId":1062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Payne","given":"Jason ","email":"jdpayne@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":302670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kress, Wade H.","contributorId":100475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kress","given":"Wade","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":97610,"text":"ds451 - 2009 - Local and Cumulative Impervious Cover of Massachusetts Stream Basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-04T10:59:47","indexId":"ds451","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"451","title":"Local and Cumulative Impervious Cover of Massachusetts Stream Basins","docAbstract":"Impervious surfaces such as paved roads, parking lots, and building roofs can affect the natural streamflow patterns and ecosystems of nearby streams. This dataset summarizes the percentage of impervious area for watersheds across Massachusetts by using a newly available statewide 1-m binary raster dataset of impervious surface for 2005. In order to accurately capture the wide spatial variability of impervious surface, it was necessary to delineate a new set of finely discretized basin boundaries for Massachusetts. This new set of basins was delineated at a scale finer than that of the existing 12-digit Hydrologic Unit Code basins (HUC-12s) of the national Watershed Boundary Dataset. The dataset consists of three GIS shapefiles. The Massachusetts nested subbasins and the hydrologic units data layers consist of topographically delineated boundaries and their associated percentage of impervious cover for all of Massachusetts except Cape Cod, the Islands, and the Plymouth-Carver region. The Massachusetts groundwater-contributing areas data layer consists of groundwater contributing-area boundaries for streams and coastal areas of Cape Cod and the Plymouth-Carver region. These boundaries were delineated by using groundwater-flow models previously published by the U.S. Geological Survey.\n\nSubbasin and hydrologic unit boundaries were delineated statewide with the exception of Cape Cod and the Plymouth-Carver Region. For the purpose of this study, a subbasin is defined as the entire drainage area upstream of an outlet point. Subbasins draining to multiple outlet points on the same stream are nested. That is, a large downstream subbasin polygon comprises all of the smaller upstream subbasin polygons. A hydrologic unit is the intervening drainage area between a given outlet point and the outlet point of the next upstream unit (Fig. 1). Hydrologic units divide subbasins into discrete, nonoverlapping areas. Each hydrologic unit corresponds to a subbasin delineated from the same outlet point; the hydrologic unit and the subbasin share the same unique identifier attribute. Because the same set of outlet points was used for the delineation of subbasins and hydrologic units, the linework for both data layers is identical; however, polygon attributes differ because for a given outlet point, the subbasin polygon area is the sum of all the upstream hydrologic units. Impervious surface summarized for a subbasin represents the percentage of impervious surface area of the entire upstream watershed, whereas the impervious surface for a hydrologic unit represents the percentage of impervious surface area for the intervening drainage area between two outlet points.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds451","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Brandt, S.L., and Steeves, P.A., 2009, Local and Cumulative Impervious Cover of Massachusetts Stream Basins: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 451, Available online only, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds451.","productDescription":"Available online only","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195332,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12754,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/451/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":273183,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/ds451_hydro_units.xml"},{"id":273185,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/ds451_subbasins.xml"},{"id":273182,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/ds451_gwcontrib_areas.xml"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a68e4b07f02db63b1e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brandt, Sara L.","contributorId":89240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandt","given":"Sara","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steeves, Peter A. 0000-0001-7558-9719 psteeves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7558-9719","contributorId":1873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steeves","given":"Peter","email":"psteeves@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia  Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":97609,"text":"ofr20091120 - 2009 - Estimation of Missing Water-Level Data for the Everglades Depth Estimation Network (EDEN)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:30","indexId":"ofr20091120","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1120","title":"Estimation of Missing Water-Level Data for the Everglades Depth Estimation Network (EDEN)","docAbstract":"The Everglades Depth Estimation Network (EDEN) is an integrated network of real-time water-level gaging stations, ground-elevation models, and water-surface elevation models designed to provide scientists, engineers, and water-resource managers with current (2000-2009) water-depth information for the entire freshwater portion of the greater Everglades. The U.S. Geological Survey Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystems Science provides support for EDEN and their goal of providing quality-assured monitoring data for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan. To increase the accuracy of the daily water-surface elevation model, water-level estimation equations were developed to fill missing data. To minimize the occurrences of no estimation of data due to missing data for an input station, a minimum of three linear regression equations were developed for each station using different input stations. Of the 726 water-level estimation equations developed to fill missing data at 239 stations, more than 60 percent of the equations have coefficients of determination greater than 0.90, and 92 percent have an coefficient of determination greater than 0.70.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091120","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystems Science","usgsCitation":"Conrads, P., and Petkewich, M.D., 2009, Estimation of Missing Water-Level Data for the Everglades Depth Estimation Network (EDEN): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1120, iv, 54 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091120.","productDescription":"iv, 54 p.","temporalStart":"2000-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195233,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12752,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1120/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fbc07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conrads, Paul 0000-0003-0408-4208 pconrads@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0408-4208","contributorId":764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrads","given":"Paul","email":"pconrads@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":302657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Petkewich, Matthew D. 0000-0002-5749-6356 mdpetkew@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5749-6356","contributorId":982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petkewich","given":"Matthew","email":"mdpetkew@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":97594,"text":"sim3077 - 2009 - Maps Showing Seismic Landslide Hazards in Anchorage, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:47","indexId":"sim3077","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3077","title":"Maps Showing Seismic Landslide Hazards in Anchorage, Alaska","docAbstract":"The devastating landslides that accompanied the great 1964 Alaska earthquake showed that seismically triggered landslides are one of the greatest geologic hazards in Anchorage. Maps quantifying seismic landslide hazards are therefore important for planning, zoning, and emergency-response preparation. The accompanying maps portray seismic landslide hazards for the following conditions: (1) deep, translational landslides, which occur only during great subduction-zone earthquakes that have return periods of =~300-900 yr; (2) shallow landslides for a peak ground acceleration (PGA) of 0.69 g, which has a return period of 2,475 yr, or a 2 percent probability of exceedance in 50 yr; and (3) shallow landslides for a PGA of 0.43 g, which has a return period of 475 yr, or a 10 percent probability of exceedance in 50 yr. Deep, translational landslide hazard zones were delineated based on previous studies of such landslides, with some modifications based on field observations of locations of deep landslides. Shallow-landslide hazards were delineated using a Newmark-type displacement analysis for the two probabilistic ground motions modeled.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sim3077","isbn":"9781411324244","usgsCitation":"Jibson, R.W., and Michael, J.A., 2009, Maps Showing Seismic Landslide Hazards in Anchorage, Alaska (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3077, Report: iv, 11 p.; 2 Plates: each sheet 36 x 48 inches; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3077.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 11 p.; 2 Plates: each sheet 36 x 48 inches; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":301,"text":"Geologic Hazards Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195505,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12738,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3077/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"25000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -150.08333333333334,61 ], [ -150.08333333333334,61.266666666666666 ], [ -149.66666666666666,61.266666666666666 ], [ -149.66666666666666,61 ], [ -150.08333333333334,61 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b0be4b07f02db69d90d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jibson, Randall W. 0000-0003-3399-0875 jibson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3399-0875","contributorId":2985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jibson","given":"Randall","email":"jibson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Michael, John A. jmichael@usgs.gov","contributorId":1877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"John","email":"jmichael@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":302620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":97593,"text":"ds442 - 2009 - Geochemical data for Upper Mineral Creek, Colorado, under existing ambient conditions and during an experimental pH modification, August 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-20T08:32:55","indexId":"ds442","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"442","title":"Geochemical data for Upper Mineral Creek, Colorado, under existing ambient conditions and during an experimental pH modification, August 2005","docAbstract":"Mineral Creek, an acid mine drainage stream in south-western Colorado, was the subject of a water-quality study that employed a paired synoptic approach. Under the paired synoptic approach, two synoptic sampling campaigns were conducted on the same study reach. The initial synoptic campaign, conducted August 22, 2005, documented stream-water quality under existing ambient conditions. A second synoptic campaign, conducted August 24, 2005, documented stream-water quality during a pH-modification experiment that elevated the pH of Mineral Creek. The experimental pH modification was designed to determine the potential reductions in dissolved constituent concentrations that would result from the implementation of an active treatment system for acid mine drainage. During both synoptic sampling campaigns, a solution containing lithium bromide was injected continuously to allow for the calculation of streamflow using the tracer-dilution method. Synoptic water-quality samples were collected from 30 stream sites and 11 inflow locations along the 2-kilometer study reach. Data from the study provide spatial profiles of pH, concentration, and streamflow under both existing and experimentally-altered conditions. This report presents the data obtained August 21-24, 2005, as well as the methods used for sample collection and data analysis.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds442","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with San Juan County San Juan Resource Conservation and Development Council U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Runkel, R.L., Kimball, B.A., Steiger, J.I., and Walton-Day, K., 2009, Geochemical data for Upper Mineral Creek, Colorado, under existing ambient conditions and during an experimental pH modification, August 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 442, vi, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds442.","productDescription":"vi, 42 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2005-08-21","temporalEnd":"2005-08-24","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195174,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12737,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/442/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -107.73333333333333,37.86805555555556 ], [ -107.73333333333333,37.9 ], [ -107.7,37.9 ], [ -107.7,37.86805555555556 ], [ -107.73333333333333,37.86805555555556 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b12e4b07f02db6a2a59","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Runkel, Robert L. 0000-0003-3220-481X runkel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-481X","contributorId":685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Robert","email":"runkel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kimball, Briant A. bkimball@usgs.gov","contributorId":533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimball","given":"Briant","email":"bkimball@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steiger, Judy I. jsteiger@usgs.gov","contributorId":3689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steiger","given":"Judy","email":"jsteiger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":302618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Walton-Day, Katherine 0000-0002-9146-6193","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9146-6193","contributorId":68339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walton-Day","given":"Katherine","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":97598,"text":"ds425 - 2009 - Map Database for Surficial Materials in the Conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:55","indexId":"ds425","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"425","title":"Map Database for Surficial Materials in the Conterminous United States","docAbstract":"The Earth's bedrock is overlain in many places by a loosely compacted and mostly unconsolidated blanket of sediments in which soils commonly are developed. These sediments generally were eroded from underlying rock, and then were transported and deposited. In places, they exceed 1000 ft (330 m) in thickness. Where the sediment blanket is absent, bedrock is either exposed or has been weathered to produce a residual soil. For the conterminous United States, a map by Soller and Reheis (2004, scale 1:5,000,000; http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-275/) shows these sediments and the weathered, residual material; for ease of discussion, these are referred to as 'surficial materials'. That map was produced as a PDF file, from an Adobe Illustrator-formatted version of the provisional GIS database. The provisional GIS files were further processed without modifying the content of the published map, and are here published.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds425","usgsCitation":"Soller, D.R., Reheis, M., Garrity, C.P., and Van Sistine, D., 2009, Map Database for Surficial Materials in the Conterminous United States (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 425, Report: 12 p.; ReadMe; Metadata; GIS Data, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds425.","productDescription":"Report: 12 p.; ReadMe; Metadata; GIS Data","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":238,"text":"Eastern Earth Surface Processes","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196210,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12742,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/425/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"5000000","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64aefa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soller, David R. 0000-0001-6177-8332 drsoller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6177-8332","contributorId":2700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soller","given":"David","email":"drsoller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reheis, Marith C. 0000-0002-8359-323X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8359-323X","contributorId":101244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reheis","given":"Marith C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garrity, Christopher P. 0000-0002-5565-1818 cgarrity@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5565-1818","contributorId":644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrity","given":"Christopher","email":"cgarrity@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Van Sistine, D. R.","contributorId":48661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Sistine","given":"D. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":97595,"text":"cir1333 - 2009 - Recharge rates and chemistry beneath playas of the High Plains aquifer: A literature review and synthesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-29T19:03:53.17235","indexId":"cir1333","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1333","title":"Recharge rates and chemistry beneath playas of the High Plains aquifer: A literature review and synthesis","docAbstract":"Playas are ephemeral, closed-basin wetlands that are important zones of recharge to the High Plains (or Ogallala) aquifer and critical habitat for birds and other wildlife in the otherwise semiarid, shortgrass prairie and agricultural landscape. The ephemeral nature of playas, low regional recharge rates, and a strong reliance on ground water from the High Plains aquifer has prompted many questions regarding the contribution of recharge from playas to the regional aquifer. \r\n\r\nTo address these questions and concerns, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Playa Lakes Joint Venture, present a review and synthesis of the more than 175 publications about recharge rates and chemistry beneath playas and interplaya settings. Although a number of questions remain regarding the controls on recharge rates and chemistry beneath playas, the results from most published studies indicate that recharge rates beneath playas are substantially (1 to 2 orders of magnitude) higher than recharge rates beneath interplaya settings. The synthesis presented here supports the conceptual model that playas are important zones of recharge to the High Plains aquifer and are not strictly evaporative pans. The major findings of this synthesis yield science-based implications for the protection and management of playas and ground-water resources of the High Plains aquifer and directions for future research.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir1333","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Playas Lakes Joint Venture","usgsCitation":"Gurdak, J., and Roe, C.D., 2009, Recharge rates and chemistry beneath playas of the High Plains aquifer: A literature review and synthesis: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1333, iv, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1333.","productDescription":"iv, 39 p.","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118546,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/cir_1333.jpg"},{"id":12739,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1333/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"High Plains aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -105.5,\n              29\n            ],\n            [\n              -96,\n              29\n            ],\n            [\n              -96,\n              42.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.5,\n              42.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.5,\n              29\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a74e4b07f02db6448c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gurdak, Jason J.","contributorId":65125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gurdak","given":"Jason J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roe, Cassia D.","contributorId":107002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roe","given":"Cassia","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":97589,"text":"fs20093019 - 2009 - SPARROW MODELING - Enhancing Understanding of the Nation's Water Quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:32","indexId":"fs20093019","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-3019","title":"SPARROW MODELING - Enhancing Understanding of the Nation's Water Quality","docAbstract":"The information provided here is intended to assist water-resources managers with interpretation of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) SPARROW model and its products. SPARROW models can be used to explain spatial patterns in monitored stream-water quality in relation to human activities and natural processes as defined by detailed geospatial information. Previous SPARROW applications have identified the sources and transport of nutrients in the Mississippi River basin, Chesapeake Bay watershed, and other major drainages of the United States. New SPARROW models with improved accuracy and interpretability are now being developed by the USGS National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program for six major regions of the conterminous United States. These new SPARROW models are based on updated geospatial data and stream-monitoring records from local, State, and other federal agencies.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20093019","usgsCitation":"Preston, S.D., Alexander, R.B., Woodside, M., and Hamilton, P.A., 2009, SPARROW MODELING - Enhancing Understanding of the Nation's Water Quality: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2009-3019, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20093019.","productDescription":"6 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124765,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2009_3019.jpg"},{"id":12733,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2009/3019/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fe15d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Preston, Stephen D. 0000-0003-1515-6692 spreston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1515-6692","contributorId":1463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Preston","given":"Stephen","email":"spreston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alexander, Richard B. 0000-0001-9166-0626 ralex@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9166-0626","contributorId":541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"Richard","email":"ralex@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woodside, Michael D. mdwoodsi@usgs.gov","contributorId":2903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodside","given":"Michael D.","email":"mdwoodsi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hamilton, Pixie A. pahamilt@usgs.gov","contributorId":1068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Pixie","email":"pahamilt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":302604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":97581,"text":"ofr20091101 - 2009 - The Partition Intervalometer: A Programmable Underwater Timer for Marking Accumulated Sediment Profiles Collected in Anderson Sediment Traps: Development, Operation, Testing Procedures, and Field Results","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:55","indexId":"ofr20091101","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1101","title":"The Partition Intervalometer: A Programmable Underwater Timer for Marking Accumulated Sediment Profiles Collected in Anderson Sediment Traps: Development, Operation, Testing Procedures, and Field Results","docAbstract":"This manual illustrates the development of a programmable instrument designed to deploy a series of wafer-shaped discs (partitions) into the collection tube of a sediment trap in various aquatic environments. These hydrodynamically shaped discs are deployed at discrete time intervals from the Intervalometer and provide markers that delineate time intervals within the sediments that accumulate in the collection tube.\r\n\r\nThe timer and mechanical system are lodged in an air-filled, water-tight pressure housing that is vertically hung within the confines of a cone-shaped sediment trap. The instrumentation has been operationally pressure tested to an equivalent water depth of approximately 1 km.\r\n\r\nFlaws discovered during extensive laboratory and pressure testing resulted in the implementation of several mechanical modifications (such as a redesign of the rotor and the discs) that improved the operation of the rotor assembly as well as the release of discs through the end cap. These results also identified a preferred azimuth placement of the rotor disc relative to the drop hole of the end cap. \r\n\r\nIn the initial field trial, five sediment traps and coupled Intervalometers were attached to moored arrays and deployed at two sites off the coast of Southern California for approximately 8 months. Each of the instruments released 18 discs at the programmed 10 day intervals, except one unit, which experienced a malfunction after approximately 4 months. Most of the discs oriented in a near-horizontal position upon the surface of the sediment in the collection tubes. Sampling of the sediments for geochemical analyses was improved by these clearly defined markers, which indicated the changes in the flux and nature of sediments accumulated during the deployment period of each sediment trap.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091101","usgsCitation":"Rendigs, R.R., Anderson, R.Y., Xu, J., Davis, R.E., and Bergeron, E., 2009, The Partition Intervalometer: A Programmable Underwater Timer for Marking Accumulated Sediment Profiles Collected in Anderson Sediment Traps: Development, Operation, Testing Procedures, and Field Results: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1101, Available online only, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091101.","productDescription":"Available online only","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196131,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12724,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1101/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.5,33 ], [ -120.5,35 ], [ -117.5,35 ], [ -117.5,33 ], [ -120.5,33 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67ae67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rendigs, Richard R.","contributorId":56652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rendigs","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":302562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Roger Y.","contributorId":19251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Xu, Jingping jpx@usgs.gov","contributorId":2574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"Jingping","email":"jpx@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Davis, Raymond E.","contributorId":87648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bergeron, Emile M. ebergeron@usgs.gov","contributorId":3449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergeron","given":"Emile M.","email":"ebergeron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":302560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":97580,"text":"ofr20091073 - 2009 - The framework of a coastal hazards model: A tool for predicting the impact of severe storms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-28T21:23:20.449234","indexId":"ofr20091073","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1073","title":"The framework of a coastal hazards model: A tool for predicting the impact of severe storms","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Multi-Hazards Demonstration Project in Southern California (Jones and others, 2007) is a five-year project (FY2007-FY2011) integrating multiple USGS research activities with the needs of external partners, such as emergency managers and land-use planners, to produce products and information that can be used to create more disaster-resilient communities. The hazards being evaluated include earthquakes, landslides, floods, tsunamis, wildfires, and coastal hazards.\r\n\r\nFor the Coastal Hazards Task of the Multi-Hazards Demonstration Project in Southern California, the USGS is leading the development of a modeling system for forecasting the impact of winter storms threatening the entire Southern California shoreline from Pt. Conception to the Mexican border. The modeling system, run in real-time or with prescribed scenarios, will incorporate atmospheric information (that is, wind and pressure fields) with a suite of state-of-the-art physical process models (that is, tide, surge, and wave) to enable detailed prediction of currents, wave height, wave runup, and total water levels. Additional research-grade predictions of coastal flooding, inundation, erosion, and cliff failure will also be performed. Initial model testing, performance evaluation, and product development will be focused on a severe winter-storm scenario developed in collaboration with the Winter Storm Working Group of the USGS Multi-Hazards Demonstration Project in Southern California. Additional offline model runs and products will include coastal-hazard hindcasts of selected historical winter storms, as well as additional severe winter-storm simulations based on statistical analyses of historical wave and water-level data. The coastal-hazards model design will also be appropriate for simulating the impact of storms under various sea level rise and climate-change scenarios. The operational capabilities of this modeling system are designed to provide emergency planners with the critical information they need to respond quickly and efficiently and to increase public safety and mitigate damage associated with powerful coastal storms. For instance, high resolution local models will predict detailed wave heights, breaking patterns, and current strengths for use in warning systems for harbor-mouth navigation and densely populated coastal regions where beach safety is threatened. The offline applications are intended to equip coastal managers with the information needed to manage and allocate their resources effectively to protect sections of coast that may be most vulnerable to future severe storms.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091073","usgsCitation":"Barnard, P., O’Reilly, B., van Ormondt, M., Elias, E., Ruggiero, P., Erikson, L., Hapke, C., Collins, B., Guza, R.T., Adams, P.N., and Thomas, J., 2009, The framework of a coastal hazards model: A tool for predicting the impact of severe storms (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1073, iv, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091073.","productDescription":"iv, 21 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":645,"text":"Western Coastal and Marine Geology","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195861,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402650,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_86720.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":12723,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1073/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.5914306640625,\n              32.722598604044066\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.65283203124999,\n              32.722598604044066\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.65283203124999,\n              34.66032236481892\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.5914306640625,\n              34.66032236481892\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.5914306640625,\n              32.722598604044066\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c761","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnard, Patrick L.","contributorId":54936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"Patrick L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Reilly, Bill","contributorId":11299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Reilly","given":"Bill","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"van Ormondt, Maarten","contributorId":50181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Ormondt","given":"Maarten","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Elias, Edwin","contributorId":50615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elias","given":"Edwin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ruggiero, Peter","contributorId":15709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruggiero","given":"Peter","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":302550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Erikson, Li H.","contributorId":10880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erikson","given":"Li H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hapke, Cheryl","contributorId":89846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hapke","given":"Cheryl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Collins, Brian D.","contributorId":71641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Brian D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Guza, Robert T.","contributorId":74095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guza","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Adams, Peter N.","contributorId":64361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Thomas, Julie","contributorId":107007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Julie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":97586,"text":"pp1761 - 2009 - Geophysical Interpretations of the Southern Espanola Basin, New Mexico, That Contribute to Understanding Its Hydrogeologic Framework","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:54","indexId":"pp1761","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1761","title":"Geophysical Interpretations of the Southern Espanola Basin, New Mexico, That Contribute to Understanding Its Hydrogeologic Framework","docAbstract":"The southern Espanola basin consists of a westward- and northward-thickening wedge of rift fill, composed primarily of Santa Fe Group sediments, that serves as an important aquifer for the city of Santa Fe and surrounding areas.  Detailed aeromagnetic surveys were flown to better understand ground-water resources in this aquifer.  This report presents a synthesis of these data with gravity data and other constraints.  The interpretations were accomplished using qualitative interpretation, state-of-art data analysis techniques, and two- and three-dimensional modeling.  The results depict the presence of and depth to many geologic features that have hydrogeologic significance, including shallow faults, different types of igneous units, and basement rocks.  The results are presented as map interpretations, geophysical profile models, and a digital surface that represents the base and thickness of Santa Fe Group sediments, as well as vector files of some volcanic features and faults.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1761","isbn":"9781411323650","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Mexico Office of the State Engineer","usgsCitation":"Grauch, V.J., Phillips, J.D., Koning, D., Johnson, P.S., and Bankey, V., 2009, Geophysical Interpretations of the Southern Espanola Basin, New Mexico, That Contribute to Understanding Its Hydrogeologic Framework: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1761, Report: vi, 88 p.; 2 Plates: Plate 1 - 23 x 37.5 inches, Plate 2 - 23 x 38 inches; Also available on CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1761.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 88 p.; 2 Plates: Plate 1 - 23 x 37.5 inches, Plate 2 - 23 x 38 inches; Also available on CD-ROM","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":212,"text":"Crustal Imaging and Characterization","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197774,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp1761.gif"},{"id":12730,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1761/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106.28416666666666,35.3675 ], [ -106.28416666666666,36.1175 ], [ -105.86749999999999,36.1175 ], [ -105.86749999999999,35.3675 ], [ -106.28416666666666,35.3675 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c468","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grauch, V. J. S. 0000-0002-0761-3489","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-3489","contributorId":34125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phillips, Jeffrey D. 0000-0002-6459-2821 jeff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6459-2821","contributorId":1572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jeff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":302577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koning, Daniel","contributorId":58355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koning","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Peggy S.","contributorId":85689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Peggy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bankey, Viki viki@usgs.gov","contributorId":1238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bankey","given":"Viki","email":"viki@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":302576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70198248,"text":"70198248 - 2009 - New and revised 14C dates for Hawaiian surface lava flows: Paleomagnetic and geomagnetic implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-31T08:54:22","indexId":"70198248","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"subseriesTitle":"Solid Earth","title":"New and revised 14C dates for Hawaiian surface lava flows: Paleomagnetic and geomagnetic implications","docAbstract":"<p><span>Radiocarbon dates have been obtained for 30 charcoal samples corresponding to 27 surface lava flows from the Mauna Loa and Kilauea volcanoes on the Island of Hawaii. The submitted charcoal was a mixture of fresh and archived material. Preparation and analysis was undertaken at the NERC Radiocarbon Laboratory in Glasgow, Scotland, and the associated SUERC Accelerator Mass Spectrometry facility. The resulting dates range from 390 years B.P. to 12,910 years B.P. with corresponding error bars an order of magnitude smaller than previously obtained using the gas‐counting method. The new and revised&nbsp;</span><sup>14</sup><span>C data set can aid hazard and risk assessment on the island. The data presented here also have implications for geomagnetic modelling, which at present is limited by large dating errors.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2009GL037792","usgsCitation":"Pressling, N., Trusdell, F., and Gubbins, D., 2009, New and revised 14C dates for Hawaiian surface lava flows: Paleomagnetic and geomagnetic implications: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 36, no. 11, L11306; 5 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GL037792.","productDescription":"L11306; 5 p.","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476076,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2009gl037792","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":355905,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -156.51123046874997,\n              18.760712758499565\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.566650390625,\n              18.760712758499565\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.566650390625,\n              20.416716988945712\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.51123046874997,\n              20.416716988945712\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.51123046874997,\n              18.760712758499565\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"36","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98b9d4e4b0702d0e84523c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pressling, Nicola","contributorId":43963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pressling","given":"Nicola","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trusdell, Frank A. 0000-0002-0681-0528 trusdell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0681-0528","contributorId":754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trusdell","given":"Frank A.","email":"trusdell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gubbins, David","contributorId":72998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gubbins","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":97579,"text":"fs20093036 - 2009 - Assessing the Vulnerability of Public-Supply Wells to Contamination: Central Valley Aquifer System near Modesto, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:56","indexId":"fs20093036","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-3036","title":"Assessing the Vulnerability of Public-Supply Wells to Contamination: Central Valley Aquifer System near Modesto, California","docAbstract":"This fact sheet highlights findings from the vulnerability study of a public-supply well in Modesto, California. The well selected for study pumps on average about 1,600 gallons per minute from the Central Valley aquifer system during peak summer demand. Water samples were collected at the public-supply well and at monitoring wells installed in the Modesto vicinity. Samples from the public-supply wellhead contained the undesirable constituents uranium, nitrate, arsenic, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and pesticides, although none were present at concentrations exceeding drinking-water standards. Of these contaminants, uranium and nitrate pose the most significant water-quality risk to the public-supply well because human activities have caused concentrations in groundwater to increase over time. \r\n\r\nOverall, study findings point to four primary factors that affect the movement and (or) fate of contaminants and the vulnerability of the public-supply well in Modesto: (1) groundwater age (how long ago water entered, or recharged, the aquifer); (2) irrigation and agricultural and municipal pumping that drives contaminants downward into the primary production zone of the aquifer; (3) short-circuiting of contaminated water down the public-supply well during the low-pumping season; and (4) natural geochemical conditions of the aquifer.\r\n\r\nA local-scale computer model of groundwater flow and transport to the public-supply well was constructed to simulate long-term nitrate and uranium concentrations reaching the well. With regard to nitrate, two conflicting processes influence concentrations in the area contributing recharge to the well: (1) Beneath land that is being farmed or has recently been farmed (within the last 10 to 20 years), downward-moving irrigation waters contain elevated nitrate concentrations; yet (2) the proportion of agricultural land has decreased and the proportion of urban land has increased since 1960. Urban land use is associated with low nitrate concentrations in recharge (3.1 milligrams per liter). Results of the simulation indicate that nitrate concentrations in the public-supply well peaked in the late 1990s and will decrease slightly from the current level of 5.5 milligrams per liter during the next 100 years. A lag time of 20 to 30 years between peak nitrate concentrations in recharge and peak concentrations in the well is the result of the wide range of ages of water reaching the public-supply well combined with changing nitrogen input concentrations over time. As for uranium, simulation results show that concentrations in the public-supply well will likely approach the Maximum Contaminant Level of 30 micrograms per liter over time; however, it will take more than 100 years because of the contribution of old water at depth in the public-supply well that dilutes uranium concentrations in shallower water entering the well. This allows time to evaluate management strategies and to alter well-construction or pumping strategies to prevent uranium concentrations from exceeding the drinking-water standard.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20093036","usgsCitation":"Jagucki, M.L., Jurgens, B., Burow, K.R., and Eberts, S., 2009, Assessing the Vulnerability of Public-Supply Wells to Contamination: Central Valley Aquifer System near Modesto, California: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2009-3036, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20093036.","productDescription":"6 p.","temporalStart":"1991-01-01","temporalEnd":"2001-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":12722,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2009/3036/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":124759,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2009_3036.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.03333333333333,37.65 ], [ -121.03333333333333,37.733333333333334 ], [ -120.93333333333334,37.733333333333334 ], [ -120.93333333333334,37.65 ], [ -121.03333333333333,37.65 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672a74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jagucki, Martha L. 0000-0003-3798-8393 mjagucki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3798-8393","contributorId":1794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jagucki","given":"Martha","email":"mjagucki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jurgens, Bryant C. 0000-0002-1572-113X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1572-113X","contributorId":22454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jurgens","given":"Bryant C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burow, Karen R. 0000-0001-6006-6667 krburow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-6667","contributorId":1504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burow","given":"Karen","email":"krburow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eberts, Sandra M. smeberts@usgs.gov","contributorId":2264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberts","given":"Sandra M.","email":"smeberts@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":302546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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