{"pageNumber":"847","pageRowStart":"21150","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68934,"records":[{"id":70037186,"text":"70037186 - 2009 - Geographic relatedness and predictability of Escherichia coli along a peninsular beach complex of Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037186","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geographic relatedness and predictability of Escherichia coli along a peninsular beach complex of Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"To determine more accurately the real-time concentration of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) in beach water, predictive modeling has been applied in several locations around the Great Lakes to individual or small groups of similar beaches. Using 24 beaches in Door County, Wisconsin, we attempted to expand predictive models to multiple beaches of complex geography. We examined the importance of geographic location and independent variables and the consequential limitations for potential beach or beach group models. An analysis of Escherichia coli populations over 4 yr revealed a geographic gradient to the beaches, with mean E. coli concentrations decreasing with increasing distance from the city of Sturgeon Bay. Beaches grouped strongly by water type (lake, bay, Sturgeon Bay) and proximity to one another, followed by presence of a storm or creek outfall or amount of shoreline enclosure. Predictive models developed for beach groups commonly included wave height and cumulative 48-h rainfall but generally explained little E. coli variation (adj. R<sup>2</sup> = 0.19-0.36). Generally low concentrations of E. coli at the beaches influenced the effectiveness of model results presumably because of low signal-to-noise ratios and the rarity of elevated concentrations. Our results highlight the importance of the sensitivity of regressors and the need for careful methods evaluation. Despite the attractiveness of predictive models as an alternative beach monitoring approach, it is likely that FIB fluctuations at some beaches defy simple prediction approaches. Regional, multi-beach, and individual beach predictive models should be explored alongside other techniques for improving monitoring reliability at Great Lakes beaches. Copyright ?? 2009 by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Environmental Quality","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2134/jeq2009.0008","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Nevers, M., Shively, D., Kleinheinz, G., McDermott, C., Schuster, W., Chomeau, V., and Whitman, R., 2009, Geographic relatedness and predictability of Escherichia coli along a peninsular beach complex of Lake Michigan: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 38, no. 6, p. 2357-2364, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2009.0008.","startPage":"2357","endPage":"2364","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217222,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2009.0008"},{"id":245149,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1780e4b0c8380cd55511","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nevers, M.B.","contributorId":13787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nevers","given":"M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shively, D.A.","contributorId":78123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shively","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kleinheinz, G.T.","contributorId":11021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kleinheinz","given":"G.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McDermott, C.M.","contributorId":59643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDermott","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schuster, W.","contributorId":59656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chomeau, V.","contributorId":45145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chomeau","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Whitman, R.L.","contributorId":69750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitman","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70037163,"text":"70037163 - 2009 - Making fired bricks with spent equilibrium catalyst-a technical feasibility study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-05T19:14:24.131528","indexId":"70037163","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2459,"text":"Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Making fired bricks with spent equilibrium catalyst-a technical feasibility study","docAbstract":"<p><span>Fluid catalytic cracking in an oil refinery uses a catalyst, such as an alumino-silicate zeolite, in the conversion of heavy hydrocarbons to light hydrocarbons. A small fraction of the catalyst is continually replaced with fresh catalyst to maintain activity. In North America, more than 400 tons of spent alumino-silicate equilibrium catalyst (spent e-cat), and worldwide, more than 1,100 tons, are generated daily, most of which is disposed of in landfills (municipal and on-site facilities). In this study, three spent e-cat samples were tested in a value-added application that would utilize this waste in the manufacturing of fired bricks. The results of this study indicate that spent e-cat is a technically feasible raw material substitute for the clay and shale commonly used in fired brick production. Fired bricks produced with up to 30 wt% of spent e-cat showed good physical appearance and their water absorption properties met the ASTM C 62 specifications for building bricks of either the moderate- or severe-weathering grade.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management","doi":"10.5276/JSWTM.2009.200","issn":"10881697","usgsCitation":"Chou, M., Chen, L., Lai, Y., and Chou, S., 2009, Making fired bricks with spent equilibrium catalyst-a technical feasibility study: Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management, v. 35, no. 4, p. 200-208, https://doi.org/10.5276/JSWTM.2009.200.","productDescription":"9  p.","startPage":"200","endPage":"208","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":384098,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4c37e4b0c8380cd69abf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chou, M.-L.","contributorId":54440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chou","given":"M.-L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chen, L.-M.","contributorId":18602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"L.-M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lai, Y.-C.","contributorId":101121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lai","given":"Y.-C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chou, S.-F.","contributorId":69819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chou","given":"S.-F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037153,"text":"70037153 - 2009 - Martian mud volcanism: Terrestrial analogs and implications for formational scenarios","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-05T08:37:34","indexId":"70037153","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Martian mud volcanism: Terrestrial analogs and implications for formational scenarios","docAbstract":"The geology of Mars and the stratigraphic characteristics of its uppermost crust (mega-regolith) suggest that some of the pervasively-occurring pitted cones, mounds, and flows may have formed through processes akin to terrestrial mud volcanism. A comparison of terrestrial mud volcanism suggests that equivalent Martian processes likely required discrete sedimentary depocenters, volatile-enriched strata, buried rheological instabilities, and a mechanism of destabilization to initiate subsurface flow. We outline five formational scenarios whereby Martian mud volcanism might have occurred: (A) rapid deposition of sediments, (B) volcano-induced destabilization, (C) tectonic shortening, (D) long-term, load-induced subsidence, and (E) seismic shaking. We describe locations within and around the Martian northern plains that broadly fit the geological context of these scenarios and which contain mud volcano-like landforms. We compare terrestrial and Martian satellite images and examine the geological settings of mud volcano provinces on Earth in order to describe potential target areas for piercement structures on Mars. Our comparisons help to evaluate not only the role of water as a functional component of geological processes on Mars but also how Martian mud volcanoes could provide samples of otherwise inaccessible strata, some of which could contain astrobiological evidence.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.02.006","issn":"02648172","usgsCitation":"Skinner, J., and Mazzini, A., 2009, Martian mud volcanism: Terrestrial analogs and implications for formational scenarios: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 26, no. 9, p. 1866-1878, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.02.006.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1866","endPage":"1878","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245118,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"26","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5231e4b0c8380cd6c225","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skinner, James A. 0000-0002-3644-7010 jskinner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3644-7010","contributorId":3187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skinner","given":"James A.","email":"jskinner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mazzini, A.","contributorId":27293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazzini","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037151,"text":"70037151 - 2009 - Age-distribution estimation for karst groundwater: Issues of parameterization and complexity in inverse modeling by convolution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037151","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age-distribution estimation for karst groundwater: Issues of parameterization and complexity in inverse modeling by convolution","docAbstract":"Convolution modeling is useful for investigating the temporal distribution of groundwater age based on environmental tracers. The framework of a quasi-transient convolution model that is applicable to two-domain flow in karst aquifers is presented. The model was designed to provide an acceptable level of statistical confidence in parameter estimates when only chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) and tritium (<sup>3</sup>H) data are available. We show how inverse modeling and uncertainty assessment can be used to constrain model parameterization to a level warranted by available data while allowing major aspects of the flow system to be examined. As an example, the model was applied to water from a pumped well open to the Madison aquifer in central USA with input functions of CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113, and <sup>3</sup>H, and was calibrated to several samples collected during a 16-year period. A bimodal age distribution was modeled to represent quick and slow flow less than 50 years old. The effects of pumping and hydraulic head on the relative volumetric fractions of these domains were found to be influential factors for transient flow. Quick flow and slow flow were estimated to be distributed mainly within the age ranges of 0-2 and 26-41 years, respectively. The fraction of long-term flow (&gt;50 years) was estimated but was not dateable. The different tracers had different degrees of influence on parameter estimation and uncertainty assessments, where <sup>3</sup>H was the most critical, and CFC-113 was least influential.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.07.064","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Long, A., and Putnam, L., 2009, Age-distribution estimation for karst groundwater: Issues of parameterization and complexity in inverse modeling by convolution: Journal of Hydrology, v. 376, no. 3-4, p. 579-588, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.07.064.","startPage":"579","endPage":"588","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217165,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.07.064"},{"id":245086,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"376","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e8fde4b0c8380cd48014","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Long, Andrew J.","contributorId":80023,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Long","given":"Andrew J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Putnam, L.D.","contributorId":47417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Putnam","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037131,"text":"70037131 - 2009 - Tsunamis and splay fault dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037131","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tsunamis and splay fault dynamics","docAbstract":"The geometry of a fault system can have significant effects on tsunami generation, but most tsunami models to date have not investigated the dynamic processes that determine which path rupture will take in a complex fault system. To gain insight into this problem, we use the 3D finite element method to model the dynamics of a plate boundary/splay fault system. We use the resulting ground deformation as a time-dependent boundary condition for a 2D shallow-water hydrodynamic tsunami calculation. We find that if me stress distribution is homogeneous, rupture remains on the plate boundary thrust. When a barrier is introduced along the strike of the plate boundary thrust, rupture propagates to the splay faults, and produces a significantly larger tsunami man in the homogeneous case. The results have implications for the dynamics of megathrust earthquakes, and also suggest mat dynamic earthquake modeling may be a useful tool in tsunami researcn. Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2009GL038295","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Wendt, J., Oglesby, D., and Geist, E., 2009, Tsunamis and splay fault dynamics: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 36, no. 15, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GL038295.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476217,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2009gl038295","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217309,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009GL038295"},{"id":245244,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb8afe4b08c986b3279f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wendt, J.","contributorId":25389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wendt","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oglesby, D. D.","contributorId":23315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oglesby","given":"D. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Geist, E.L. 0000-0003-0611-1150","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-1150","contributorId":71993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geist","given":"E.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037129,"text":"70037129 - 2009 - Fluvial fluxes of water, suspended particulate matter, and nutrients and potential impacts on tropical coastal water Biogeochemistry: Oahu, Hawai'i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037129","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":866,"text":"Aquatic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fluvial fluxes of water, suspended particulate matter, and nutrients and potential impacts on tropical coastal water Biogeochemistry: Oahu, Hawai'i","docAbstract":"Baseflow and storm runoff fluxes of water, suspended particulate matter (SPM), and nutrients (N and P) were assessed in conservation, urban, and agricultural streams discharging to coastal waters around the tropical island of Oahu, Hawai'i. Despite unusually low storm frequency and intensity during the study, storms accounted for 8-77% (median 30%) of discharge, 57-99% (median 93%) of SPM fluxes, 11-79% (median 36%) of dissolved nutrient fluxes and 52-99% (median 85%) of particulate nutrient fluxes to coastal waters. Fluvial nutrient concentrations varied with hydrologic conditions and land use; land use also affected water and particulate fluxes at some sites. Reactive dissolved N:P ratios typically were ???16 (the 'Redfield ratio' for marine phytoplankton), indicating that inputs could support new production by coastal phytoplankton, but uptake of dissolved nutrients is probably inefficient due to rapid dilution and export of fluvial dissolved inputs. Particulate N and P fluxes were similar to or larger than dissolved fluxes at all sites (median 49% of total nitrogen, range 22-82%; median 69% of total phosphorus, range 49-93%). Impacts of particulate nutrients on coastal ecosystems will depend on how efficiently SPM is retained in nearshore areas, and on the timing and degree of transformation to reactive dissolved forms. Nevertheless, the magnitude of particulate nutrient fluxes suggests that they represent a significant nutrient source for many coastal ecosystems over relatively long time scales (weeks-years), and that reductions in particulate nutrient loading actually may have negative impacts on some coastal ecosystems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aquatic Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10498-009-9067-2","issn":"13806165","usgsCitation":"Hoover, D., and MacKenzie, F., 2009, Fluvial fluxes of water, suspended particulate matter, and nutrients and potential impacts on tropical coastal water Biogeochemistry: Oahu, Hawai'i: Aquatic Geochemistry, v. 15, no. 4, p. 547-570, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10498-009-9067-2.","startPage":"547","endPage":"570","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476210,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10498-009-9067-2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245212,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217278,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10498-009-9067-2"}],"volume":"15","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a129be4b0c8380cd5438b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoover, D.J.","contributorId":22594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoover","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"MacKenzie, F.T.","contributorId":25681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacKenzie","given":"F.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037125,"text":"70037125 - 2009 - Water uptake and nutrient concentrations under a floodplain oak savanna during a non-flood period, lower Cedar River, Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037125","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water uptake and nutrient concentrations under a floodplain oak savanna during a non-flood period, lower Cedar River, Iowa","docAbstract":"Floodplains during non-flood periods are less well documented than when flooding occurs, but non-flood periods offer opportunities to investigate vegetation controls on water and nutrient cycling. In this study, we characterized water uptake and nutrient concentration patterns from 2005 to 2007 under an oak savanna located on the floodplain of the Cedar River in Muscatine County, Iowa. The water table ranged from 0.5 to 2.5 m below ground surface and fluctuated in response to stream stage, plant water demand and rainfall inputs. Applying the White method to diurnal water table fluctuations, daily ET from groundwater averaged more than 3.5 mm/day in June and July and approximately 2 mm/day in May and August. Total annual ET averaged 404 mm for a growing season from mid-May to mid-October. Savanna groundwater concentrations of nitrate-N, ammonium-N, and phosphate-P were very low (mean <0.18, <0.14, <0.08 mg/l, respectively), whereas DOC concentrations were high (7.1 mg/l). Low concentrations of N and P were in contrast to high nutrient concentrations in the nearby Cedar River, where N and P averaged 7.5 mg/ l and 0.13, respectively. In regions dominated by intensive agriculture, study results document valuable ecosystem services for native floodplain ecosystems in reducing watershed-scale nutrient losses and providing an oasis for biological complexity. Improved understanding of the environmental conditions of regionally significant habitats, including major controls on water table elevations and water quality, offers promise for better management aimed at preserving the ecology of these important habitats. Copyright ?? 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/hyp.7403","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Schilling, K.E., and Jacobson, P., 2009, Water uptake and nutrient concentrations under a floodplain oak savanna during a non-flood period, lower Cedar River, Iowa: Hydrological Processes, v. 23, no. 21, p. 3006-3016, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7403.","startPage":"3006","endPage":"3016","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476281,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7403","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217218,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7403"},{"id":245145,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcca1e4b08c986b32dc4b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schilling, K. E.","contributorId":61982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schilling","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jacobson, P.","contributorId":11412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037103,"text":"70037103 - 2009 - Evaluation of two spike-and-recovery controls for assessment of extraction efficiency in microbial source tracking studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037103","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3716,"text":"Water Research","onlineIssn":"1879-2448","printIssn":"0043-1354","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of two spike-and-recovery controls for assessment of extraction efficiency in microbial source tracking studies","docAbstract":"Quantitative PCR (qPCR), applied to complex environmental samples such as water, wastewater, and feces, is susceptible to methodological and sample related biases. In this study, we evaluated two exogenous DNA spike-and-recovery controls as proxies for recovery efficiency of Bacteroidales 16S rDNA gene sequences (AllBac and qHF183) that are used for microbial source tracking (MST) in river water. Two controls-(1) the plant pathogen Pantoea stewartii, carrying the chromosomal target gene cpsD, and (2) Escherichia coli, carrying the plasmid-borne target gene DsRed2-were added to raw water samples immediately prior to concentration and DNA extraction for qPCR. When applied to samples processed in replicate, recovery of each control was positively correlated with the observed concentration of each MST marker. Adjustment of MST marker concentrations according to recovery efficiency reduced variability in replicate analyses when consistent processing and extraction methodologies were applied. Although the effects of this procedure on accuracy could not be tested due to uncertainties in control DNA concentrations, the observed reduction in variability should improve the strength of statistical comparisons. These findings suggest that either of the tested spike-and-recovery controls can be useful to measure efficiency of extraction and recovery in routine laboratory processing. ?? 2009 Elsevier Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2009.06.028","issn":"00431354","usgsCitation":"Stoeckel, D.M., Stelzer, E., and Dick, L., 2009, Evaluation of two spike-and-recovery controls for assessment of extraction efficiency in microbial source tracking studies: Water Research, v. 43, no. 19, p. 4820-4827, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.06.028.","startPage":"4820","endPage":"4827","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245307,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217363,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.06.028"}],"volume":"43","issue":"19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d01e4b0c8380cd52da3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stoeckel, D. M.","contributorId":84855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoeckel","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stelzer, E.A.","contributorId":56470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stelzer","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dick, L.K.","contributorId":53631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dick","given":"L.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037102,"text":"70037102 - 2009 - The effect of mayfly (Hexagenia spp.) burrowing activity on sediment oxygen demand in western Lake Erie","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-14T15:32:41","indexId":"70037102","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of mayfly (Hexagenia spp.) burrowing activity on sediment oxygen demand in western Lake Erie","docAbstract":"Previous studies support the hypothesis that large numbers of infaunal burrow-irrigating organisms in the western basin of Lake Erie may increase significantly the sediment oxygen demand, thus enhancing the rate of hypolimnetic oxygen depletion. We conducted laboratory experiments to quantify burrow oxygen dynamics and increased oxygen demand resulting from burrow irrigation using two different year classes of <i>Hexagenia</i> spp. nymphs from western Lake Erie during summer, 2006. Using oxygen microelectrodes and hot film anemometry, we simultaneously determined oxygen concentrations and burrow water flow velocities. Burrow oxygen depletion rates ranged from 21.7 mg/nymph/mo for 15 mm nymphs at 23 &deg;C to 240.7 mg/nymph/mo for 23 mm nymphs at 13 &deg;C. Sealed microcosm experiments demonstrated that mayflies increase the rate of oxygen depletion by 2-5 times that of controls, depending on size of nymph and water temperature, with colder waters having greater impact. At natural population densities, nymph pumping activity increased total sediment oxygen demand 0.3-2.5 times compared to sediments with no mayflies and accounted for 22-71% of the total sediment oxygen demand. Extrapolating laboratory results to the natural system suggest that <i>Hexagenia</i> spp. populations may exert a significant control on oxygen depletion during intermittent stratification. This finding may help explain some of the fluctuations in <i>Hexagenia</i> spp. population densities in western Lake Erie and suggests that mayflies, by causing their own population collapse irrespective of other environmental conditions, may need longer term averages when used as a bio-indicator of the success of pollution-abatement programs in western Lake Erie and possibly throughout the Great Lakes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2009.08.010","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Edwards, W.J., Soster, F.M., Matisoff, G., and Schloesser, D.W., 2009, The effect of mayfly (Hexagenia spp.) burrowing activity on sediment oxygen demand in western Lake Erie: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 35, no. 4, p. 507-516, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2009.08.010.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"507","endPage":"516","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217336,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2009.08.010"},{"id":245277,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bab32e4b08c986b322cb1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edwards, William J.","contributorId":47206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Soster, Frederick M.","contributorId":9092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soster","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Matisoff, Gerald","contributorId":15046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matisoff","given":"Gerald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schloesser, Donald W. dschloesser@usgs.gov","contributorId":3579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schloesser","given":"Donald","email":"dschloesser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037097,"text":"70037097 - 2009 - A historical perspective on the \"fish tumors or other deformities\" beneficial use impairment at Great Lakes Areas of Concern","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-08T08:48:28","indexId":"70037097","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A historical perspective on the \"fish tumors or other deformities\" beneficial use impairment at Great Lakes Areas of Concern","docAbstract":"The Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement defines Areas of Concern as geographic areas that fail to meet the general or specific objectives of the agreement where such failure has caused or is likely to cause impairment of beneficial use of the area's ability to support aquatic life. One of the beneficial use impairments, fish tumors or other deformities, is defined by the International Joint Commission to occur when the incidence rate of fish tumors and other deformities exceeds rates at unimpacted or control sites, or when survey data confirm the presence of neoplastic or preneoplastic liver tumors in bullhead or suckers. Brown bullhead, a benthic species with a limited home range, have frequently been used as indicator species in U.S. Areas of Concern. While there is strong field evidence for an association between PAH exposure and hepatic neoplasia in brown bullhead, laboratory investigations would strengthen the association. There is less evidence linking specific classes of chemicals in the environment to orocutaneous neoplasia in brown bullhead. Studies on orocutaneous neoplasia of brown bullhead should focus on assessing the presence or absence of viruses and on epidermal exposure to specific chemicals and chemical mixtures. Lastly, the effects of covariates such as length, age, and gender on the prevalence of liver and skin neoplasms should be investigated. This paper reviews the state of science on the fish tumors or other deformities beneficial use impairment. Subsequent papers address specific issues related to this impairment and provide recommendations for standardized criteria.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2009.07.005","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Rafferty, S., Blazer, V., Pinkney, A., Grazio, J., Obert, E., and Boughton, L., 2009, A historical perspective on the \"fish tumors or other deformities\" beneficial use impairment at Great Lakes Areas of Concern: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 35, no. 4, p. 496-506, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2009.07.005.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"496","endPage":"506","costCenters":[{"id":418,"text":"National Fish Health Research Laboratory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217277,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2009.07.005"},{"id":245210,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e421e4b0c8380cd46424","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rafferty, S.D.","contributorId":28453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rafferty","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blazer, V. S. 0000-0001-6647-9614","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":56991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"V. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pinkney, A.E.","contributorId":87501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pinkney","given":"A.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grazio, J.L.","contributorId":64485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grazio","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Obert, E.C.","contributorId":38808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Obert","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Boughton, L.","contributorId":23364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boughton","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70037096,"text":"70037096 - 2009 - Physical modeling of river spanning rock structures: Evaluating interstitial flow, local hydraulics, downstream scour development, and structure stability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037096","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Physical modeling of river spanning rock structures: Evaluating interstitial flow, local hydraulics, downstream scour development, and structure stability","docAbstract":"Rock weir and ramp structures uniquely serve a necessary role in river management: to meet water deliveries in an ecologically sound manner. Uses include functioning as low head diversion dams, permitting fish passage, creating habitat diversity, and stabilizing stream banks and profiles. Existing information on design and performance of in-stream rock structures does not provide the guidance necessary to implement repeatable and sustainable construction and retrofit techniques. As widespread use of rock structures increases, the need for reliable design methods with a broad range of applicability at individual sites grows as well. Rigorous laboratory testing programs were implemented at the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) and at Colorado State University (CSU) as part of a multifaceted research project focused on expanding the current knowledge base and developing design methods to improve the success rate of river spanning rock structures in meeting project goals. Physical modeling at Reclamation is being used to measure, predict, and reduce interstitial flow through rock ramps. CSU is using physical testing to quantify and predict scour development downstream of rock weirs and its impact on the stability of rock structures. ?? 2009 ASCE.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers","conferenceTitle":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers","conferenceDate":"17 May 2009 through 21 May 2009","conferenceLocation":"Kansas City, MO","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/41036(342)345","isbn":"9780784410363","usgsCitation":"Collins, K., Thornton, C., Mefford, B., and Holmquist-Johnson, C.L., 2009, Physical modeling of river spanning rock structures: Evaluating interstitial flow, local hydraulics, downstream scour development, and structure stability, <i>in</i> Proceedings of World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers, v. 342, Kansas City, MO, 17 May 2009 through 21 May 2009, p. 3419-3431, https://doi.org/10.1061/41036(342)345.","startPage":"3419","endPage":"3431","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217247,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41036(342)345"},{"id":245177,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"342","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7ab1e4b0c8380cd7904b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, K.L.","contributorId":24201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thornton, C.I.","contributorId":25388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thornton","given":"C.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mefford, B.","contributorId":104312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mefford","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Holmquist-Johnson, C. L.","contributorId":72615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmquist-Johnson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037095,"text":"70037095 - 2009 - Feldspar dissolution rates in the Topopah Spring Tuff, Yucca Mountain, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-30T12:18:54.305609","indexId":"70037095","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Feldspar dissolution rates in the Topopah Spring Tuff, Yucca Mountain, Nevada","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif text-s\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id10\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"en\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id11\"><p>Two different field-based methods are used here to calculate feldspar dissolution rates in the Topopah Spring Tuff, the host rock for the proposed nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The center of the tuff is a high silica rhyolite, consisting largely of alkali feldspar (∼60&nbsp;wt%) and quartz polymorphs (∼35&nbsp;wt%) that formed by devitrification of rhyolitic glass as the tuff cooled. First, the abundance of secondary aluminosilicates is used to estimate the cumulative amount of feldspar dissolution over the history of the tuff, and an ambient dissolution rate is calculated by using the estimated thermal history. Second, the feldspar dissolution rate is calculated by using measured Sr isotope compositions for the pore water and rock. Pore waters display systematic changes in Sr isotopic composition with depth that are caused by feldspar dissolution. The range in dissolution rates determined from secondary mineral abundances varies from 10<sup>−16</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>to 10<sup>−17</sup>&nbsp;mol&nbsp;s<sup>−1</sup>&nbsp;kg&nbsp;tuff<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>with the largest uncertainty being the effect of the early thermal history of the tuff. Dissolution rates based on pore water Sr isotopic data were calculated by treating percolation flux parametrically, and vary from 10<sup>−15</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>to 10<sup>−16</sup>&nbsp;mol&nbsp;s<sup>−1</sup>&nbsp;kg&nbsp;tuff<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>for percolation fluxes of 15&nbsp;mm&nbsp;a<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>and 1&nbsp;mm&nbsp;a<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. Reconciling the rates from the two methods requires that percolation fluxes at the sampled locations be a few mm&nbsp;a<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>or less. The calculated feldspar dissolution rates are low relative to other measured field-based feldspar dissolution rates, possibly due to the age (12.8&nbsp;Ma) of the unsaturated system at Yucca Mountain; because oxidizing and organic-poor conditions limit biological activity; and/or because elevated silica concentrations in the pore waters (∼50&nbsp;mg&nbsp;L<sup>−1</sup>) may inhibit feldspar dissolution.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.09.003","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Bryan, C., Helean, K., Marshall, B., and Brady, P., 2009, Feldspar dissolution rates in the Topopah Spring Tuff, Yucca Mountain, Nevada: Applied Geochemistry, v. 24, no. 11, p. 2133-2143, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.09.003.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2133","endPage":"2143","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245176,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Yucca Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.20675964290159,\n              36.66868420959018\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.20675964290159,\n              35.8358965222575\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.02023620540135,\n              35.8358965222575\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.02023620540135,\n              36.66868420959018\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.20675964290159,\n              36.66868420959018\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f79e4b0c8380cd538f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bryan, C.R.","contributorId":102302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bryan","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Helean, K.B.","contributorId":96518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helean","given":"K.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marshall, B.D.","contributorId":19581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"B.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brady, P.V.","contributorId":96038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brady","given":"P.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037077,"text":"70037077 - 2009 - Nutrient availability and phytoplankton nutrient limitation across a gradient of atmospheric nitrogen deposition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T16:15:23","indexId":"70037077","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nutrient availability and phytoplankton nutrient limitation across a gradient of atmospheric nitrogen deposition","docAbstract":"Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition to lakes and watersheds has been increasing steadily due to various anthropogenic activities. Because such anthropogenic N is widely distributed, even lakes relatively removed from direct human disturbance are potentially impacted. However, the effects of increased atmospheric N deposition on lakes are not well documented, We examined phytoplankton biomass, the absolute and relative abundance of limiting nutrients (N and phosphorus [P]), and phytoplankton nutrient limitation in alpine lakes of the Rocky Mountains of Colorado (USA) receiving elevated (&gt;6 kg N??ha<sup>-1</sup>??yr<sup>-1</sup>) or low (&lt;2 kg N??ha<sup>-1</sup>??yr<sup>-1</sup>) levels of atmospheric N deposition. Highdeposition lakes had higher NO<sub>3</sub>-N and total N concentrations and higher total N : total P ratios. Concentrations of chlorophyll and seston carbon (C) were 2-2.5 times higher in highdeposition relative to low-deposition lakes, while high-deposition lakes also had higher seston C:N and C:P (but not N:P) ratios. Short-term enrichment bioassays indicated a qualitative shift in the nature of phytoplankton nutrient limitation due to N deposition, as highdeposition lakes had an increased frequency of primary P limitation and a decreased frequency and magnitude of response to N and to combined N and P enrichment. Thus elevated atmospheric N deposition appears to have shifted nutrient supply from a relatively balanced but predominantly N-deficient regime to a more consistently P-limited regime in Colorado alpine lakes. This adds to accumulating evidence that sustained N deposition may have important effects on lake phytoplankton communities and plankton-based food webs by shifting the quantitative and qualitative nature of nutrient limitation. ?? 2009 by the Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/08-1742.1","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"Elser, J., Kyle, M., Steuer, L., Nydick, K., and Baron, J., 2009, Nutrient availability and phytoplankton nutrient limitation across a gradient of atmospheric nitrogen deposition: Ecology, v. 90, no. 11, p. 3062-3073, https://doi.org/10.1890/08-1742.1.","startPage":"3062","endPage":"3073","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244896,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216989,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/08-1742.1"}],"volume":"90","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a697ae4b0c8380cd73d3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elser, J.J.","contributorId":64919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elser","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kyle, M.","contributorId":44764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kyle","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steuer, L.","contributorId":38393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steuer","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nydick, K. R.","contributorId":9991,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nydick","given":"K. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70037076,"text":"70037076 - 2009 - Antipredator responses by native mosquitofish to non-native cichlids: An examination of the role of prey naiveté","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-30T14:40:21","indexId":"70037076","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1589,"text":"Ethology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Antipredator responses by native mosquitofish to non-native cichlids: An examination of the role of prey naiveté","docAbstract":"<p><span>The strong impact of non-native predators in aquatic systems is thought to relate to the evolutionary naivet&eacute; of prey. Due to isolation and limited dispersal, this naivet&eacute; may be relatively high in freshwater systems. In this study, we tested this notion by examining the antipredator response of native mosquitofish,&nbsp;</span><i>Gambusia holbrooki,</i><span>&nbsp;to two non-native predators found in the Everglades, the African jewelfish,</span><i>Hemichromis letourneuxi,</i><span>&nbsp;and the Mayan cichlid,&nbsp;</span><i>Cichlasoma urophthalmus</i><span>. We manipulated prey naivet&eacute; by using two mosquitofish populations that varied in their experience with the recent invader, the African jewelfish, but had similar levels of experience with the longer-established Mayan cichlid. Specifically, we tested these predictions: (1) predator hunting modes differed between the two predators, (2) predation rates would be higher by the novel jewelfish predator, (3) particularly on the naive population living where jewelfish have not invaded yet, (4) antipredator responses would be stronger to Mayan cichlids due to greater experience and weaker and/or ineffective to jewelfish, and (5) especially weakest by the naive population. We assayed prey and predator behavior, and prey mortality in lab aquaria where both predators and prey were free-ranging. Predator hunting modes and habitat domains differed, with jewelfish being more active search predators that used slightly higher parts of the water column and less of the habitat structure relative to Mayan cichlids. In disagreement with our predictions, predation rates were similar between the two predators, antipredator responses were stronger to African jewelfish (except for predator inspections), and there was no difference in response between jewelfish-savvy and jewelfish-naive populations. These results suggest that despite the novelty of introduced predators, prey may be able to respond appropriately if non-native predator archetypes are similar enough to those of native predators, if prey rely on general antipredator responses or predation cues, and/or show neophobic responses.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Verlag","doi":"10.1111/j.1439-0310.2009.01694.x","issn":"01791613","usgsCitation":"Rehage, J.S., Dunlop, K.L., and Loftus, W., 2009, Antipredator responses by native mosquitofish to non-native cichlids: An examination of the role of prey naiveté: Ethology, v. 115, no. 11, p. 1046-1056, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.2009.01694.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1046","endPage":"1056","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245369,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217423,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.2009.01694.x"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Everglades","volume":"115","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ec6de4b0c8380cd49272","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rehage, Jennifer S.","contributorId":25364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rehage","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dunlop, Katherine L.","contributorId":30072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunlop","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loftus, William F.","contributorId":48628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftus","given":"William F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037075,"text":"70037075 - 2009 - Development of a liquefaction hazard screening tool for caltrans bridge sites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:09","indexId":"70037075","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Development of a liquefaction hazard screening tool for caltrans bridge sites","docAbstract":"We have developed a liquefaction hazard screening tool for the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) that is being used to evaluate the liquefaction hazard to approximately 13,000 bridge sites in California. Because of the large number of bridge sites to be evaluated, we developed a tool that makes use of parameters not typically considered in site-specific liquefaction investigations. We assessed geologic, topographic, seismic hazard, and subsurface conditions at about 100 sites of past liquefaction in California. Among the parameters we found common to many of these sites are: (a) low elevations, (b) proximity to a water body, and (c) presence of geologically youthful deposits or artificial fill materials. The nature of the study necessitated the use of readily available data, preferably datasets that are consistent across the state. The screening tool we provided to Caltrans makes use of the following parameters: (1) proximity to a water body, (2) whether the bridge crosses a water body, (3) the age of site geologic materials and the environment in which the materials were deposited, as discerned from available digital geologic maps, (4) probabilistic shaking estimates, (5) the site elevation, (6) information from available liquefaction hazard maps [covering the 9-county San Francisco Bay Area and Ventura County] and California Geological Survey (CGS) Zones of Required Investigation. For bridge sites at which subsurface boring data were available (from CGS' existing database), we calculated Displacement Potential Index values using a methodology developed by Allison Faris and Jiaer Wu. Caltrans' staff will use this hazard-screening tool, along with other tools focused on bridges and foundations, to prioritize site-specific investigations. ?? 2009 ASCE.","largerWorkTitle":"TCLEE 2009: Lifeline Earthquake Engineering in a Multihazard Environment","conferenceTitle":"2009 ASCE Technical Council on Lifeline Earthquake Engineering Conference, TCLEE 2009: Lifeline Earthquake Engineering in a Multihazard Environment","conferenceDate":"28 June 2009 through 1 July 2009","conferenceLocation":"Oakland, CA","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/41050(357)55","isbn":"9780784410509","usgsCitation":"Knudsen, K.L., Bott, J., Woods, M., and McGuire, T., 2009, Development of a liquefaction hazard screening tool for caltrans bridge sites, <i>in</i> TCLEE 2009: Lifeline Earthquake Engineering in a Multihazard Environment, v. 357, Oakland, CA, 28 June 2009 through 1 July 2009, https://doi.org/10.1061/41050(357)55.","startPage":"55","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217422,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41050(357)55"},{"id":245368,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"357","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a003be4b0c8380cd4f660","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knudsen, Kathy L.","contributorId":41188,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knudsen","given":"Kathy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bott, J.D.J.","contributorId":80519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bott","given":"J.D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woods, M.O.","contributorId":69820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woods","given":"M.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McGuire, T.L.","contributorId":11036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037070,"text":"70037070 - 2009 - Comparison of immunomagnetic separation/adenosine triphosphate rapid method to traditional culture-based method for E. coli and enterococci enumeration in wastewater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:09","indexId":"70037070","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3716,"text":"Water Research","onlineIssn":"1879-2448","printIssn":"0043-1354","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of immunomagnetic separation/adenosine triphosphate rapid method to traditional culture-based method for E. coli and enterococci enumeration in wastewater","docAbstract":"Untreated wastewater samples from California, North Carolina, and Ohio were analyzed by the immunomagnetic separation/adenosine triphosphate (IMS/ATP) method and the traditional culture-based method for E. coli and enterococci concentrations. The IMS/ATP method concentrates target bacteria by immunomagnetic separation and then quantifies captured bacteria by measuring bioluminescence induced by release of ATP from the bacterial cells. Results from this method are available within 1 h from the start of sample processing. Significant linear correlations were found between the IMS/ATP results and results from traditional culture-based methods for E. coli and enterococci enumeration for one location in California, two locations in North Carolina, and one location in Ohio (r??values ranged from 0.87 to 0.97). No significant linear relation was found for a second location in California that treats a complex mixture of residential and industrial wastewater. With the exception of one location, IMS/ATP showed promise as a rapid method for the quantification of faecal-indicator organisms in wastewater.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2009.06.047","issn":"00431354","usgsCitation":"Bushon, R., Likirdopulos, C., and Brady, A., 2009, Comparison of immunomagnetic separation/adenosine triphosphate rapid method to traditional culture-based method for E. coli and enterococci enumeration in wastewater: Water Research, v. 43, no. 19, p. 4940-4946, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.06.047.","startPage":"4940","endPage":"4946","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217360,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.06.047"},{"id":245304,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f86be4b0c8380cd4d0bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bushon, R.N.","contributorId":68086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bushon","given":"R.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Likirdopulos, C.A.","contributorId":6265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Likirdopulos","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brady, A.M.G.","contributorId":9834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brady","given":"A.M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037069,"text":"70037069 - 2009 - Controls on groundwater flow in the Bengal Basin of India and Bangladesh: Regional modeling analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037069","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Controls on groundwater flow in the Bengal Basin of India and Bangladesh: Regional modeling analysis","docAbstract":"Groundwater for domestic and irrigation purposes is produced primarily from shallow parts of the Bengal Basin aquifer system (India and Bangladesh), which contains high concentrations of dissolved arsenic (exceeding worldwide drinking water standards), though deeper groundwater is generally low in arsenic. An essential first step for determining sustainable management of the deep groundwater resource is identification of hydrogeologic controls on flow and quantification of basin-scale groundwater flow patterns. Results from groundwater modeling, in which the Bengal Basin aquifer system is represented as a single aquifer with higher horizontal than vertical hydraulic conductivity, indicate that this anisotropy is the primary hydrogeologic control on the natural flowpath lengths. Despite extremely low hydraulic gradients due to minimal topographic relief, anisotropy implies large-scale (tens to hundreds of kilometers) flow at depth. Other hydrogeologic factors, including lateral and vertical changes in hydraulic conductivity, have minor effects on overall flow patterns. However, because natural hydraulic gradients are low, the impact of pumping on groundwater flow is overwhelming; modeling indicates that pumping has substantially changed the shallow groundwater budget and flowpaths from predevelopment conditions. ?? Springer-Verlag 2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrogeology Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10040-008-0429-4","issn":"14312174","usgsCitation":"Michael, H., and Voss, C., 2009, Controls on groundwater flow in the Bengal Basin of India and Bangladesh: Regional modeling analysis: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 17, no. 7, p. 1561-1577, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-008-0429-4.","startPage":"1561","endPage":"1577","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217334,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-008-0429-4"},{"id":245275,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fbd0e4b0c8380cd4df98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Michael, H.A.","contributorId":98858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"H.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Voss, C.I.","contributorId":79515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"C.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037067,"text":"70037067 - 2009 - A spatial model of white sturgeon rearing habitat in the lower Columbia River, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037067","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A spatial model of white sturgeon rearing habitat in the lower Columbia River, USA","docAbstract":"Concerns over the potential effects of in-water placement of dredged materials prompted us to develop a GIS-based model that characterizes in a spatially explicit manner white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus rearing habitat in the lower Columbia River, USA. The spatial model was developed using water depth, riverbed slope and roughness, fish positions collected in 2002, and Mahalanobis distance (D<sup>2</sup>). We created a habitat suitability map by identifying a Mahalanobis distance under which &gt;50% of white sturgeon locations occurred in 2002 (i.e., high-probability habitat). White sturgeon preferred relatively moderate to high water depths, and low to moderate riverbed slope and roughness values. The eigenvectors indicated that riverbed slope and roughness were slightly more important than water depth, but all three variables were important. We estimated the impacts that fill might have on sturgeon habitat by simulating the addition of fill to the thalweg, in 3-m increments, and recomputing Mahalanobis distances. Channel filling simulations revealed that up to 9 m of fill would have little impact on high-probability habitat, but 12 and 15 m of fill resulted in habitat declines of ???12% and ???45%, respectively. This is the first spatially explicit predictive model of white sturgeon rearing habitat in the lower Columbia River, and the first to quantitatively predict the impacts of dredging operations on sturgeon habitat. Future research should consider whether water velocity improves the accuracy and specificity of the model, and to assess its applicability to other areas in the Columbia River.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Modelling","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.03.006","issn":"03043800","usgsCitation":"Hatten, J., and Parsley, M., 2009, A spatial model of white sturgeon rearing habitat in the lower Columbia River, USA: Ecological Modelling, v. 220, no. 24, p. 3638-3646, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.03.006.","startPage":"3638","endPage":"3646","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245241,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217306,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.03.006"}],"volume":"220","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e5a1e4b0c8380cd46ea4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatten, J.R.","contributorId":39564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatten","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parsley, M.J.","contributorId":59542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsley","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037066,"text":"70037066 - 2009 - Detection of adsorbed water and hydroxyl on the moon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037066","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detection of adsorbed water and hydroxyl on the moon","docAbstract":"Data from the Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIAAS) on Cassini during its flyby of the AAoon in 1999 show a broad absorption at 3 micrometers due to adsorbed water and near 2.8 micrometers attributed to hydroxyl in the sunlit surface on the AAoon. The amounts of water indicated in the spectra depend on the type of mixing and the grain sizes in the rocks and soils but could be 10 to 1000 parts per million and locally higher. Water in the polar regions may be water that has migrated to the colder environments there. Trace hydroxyl is observed in the anorthositic highlands at lower latitudes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1126/science.1178105","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Clark, R.N., 2009, Detection of adsorbed water and hydroxyl on the moon: Science, v. 326, no. 5952, p. 562-564, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1178105.","startPage":"562","endPage":"564","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476414,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1178105","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245240,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217305,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1178105"}],"volume":"326","issue":"5952","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff6ee4b0c8380cd4f1a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, R. N.","contributorId":6568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70037065,"text":"70037065 - 2009 - Character and spatial distribution of OH/H<sub>2</sub>O on the surface of the moon seen by M<sup>3</sup> on chandrayaan-1","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037065","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Character and spatial distribution of OH/H<sub>2</sub>O on the surface of the moon seen by M<sup>3</sup> on chandrayaan-1","docAbstract":"The search for water on the surface of the anhydrous Moon had remained an unfulfilled quest for 40 years. However, the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M <sup>3</sup>) on Chandrayaan-1 has recently detected absorption features near 2.8 to 3.0 micrometers on the surface of the Moon. For silicate bodies, such features are typically attributed to hydroxyl- and/or water-bearing materials. On the Moon, the feature is seen as a widely distributed absorption that appears strongest at cooler high latitudes and at several fresh feldspathic craters. The general lack of correlation of this feature in sunlit M<sup>3</sup> data with neutron spectrometer hydrogen abundance data suggests that the formation and retention of hydroxyl and water are ongoing surficial processes. Hydroxyl/water production processes may feed polar cold traps and make the lunar regolith a candidate source of volatiles for human exploration.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1126/science.1178658","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Pieters, C., Goswami, J., Clark, R.N., Annadurai, M., Boardman, J., Buratti, B., Combe, J.#., Dyar, M., Green, R., Head, J., Hibbitts, C., Hicks, M., Isaacson, P., Klima, R., Kramer, G., Kumar, S., Livo, E., Lundeen, S., Malaret, E., McCord, T., Mustard, J., Nettles, J., Petro, N., Runyon, C., Staid, M., Sunshine, J., Taylor, L., Tompkins, S., and Varanasi, P., 2009, Character and spatial distribution of OH/H<sub>2</sub>O on the surface of the moon seen by M<sup>3</sup> on chandrayaan-1: Science, v. 326, no. 5952, p. 568-572, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1178658.","startPage":"568","endPage":"572","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245239,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217304,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1178658"}],"volume":"326","issue":"5952","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f488e4b0c8380cd4bd82","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pieters, C.M.","contributorId":48733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pieters","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16929,"text":"Brown University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":459221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goswami, J.N.","contributorId":41677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goswami","given":"J.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clark, R. N.","contributorId":6568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Annadurai, M.","contributorId":13467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Annadurai","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Boardman, J.","contributorId":74184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boardman","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Buratti, B.","contributorId":51433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buratti","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Combe, J. #NAME?","contributorId":37982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Combe","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"#NAME?","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dyar, M.D.","contributorId":21286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dyar","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Green, R.","contributorId":88858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Head, J.W.","contributorId":67982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Head","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Hibbitts, 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G.","contributorId":32378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kramer","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Kumar, S.","contributorId":89843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kumar","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Livo, E.","contributorId":21381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Livo","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Lundeen, S.","contributorId":94134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lundeen","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Malaret, E.","contributorId":84487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malaret","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"McCord, T.","contributorId":52320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCord","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Mustard, J.","contributorId":103458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mustard","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Nettles, J.","contributorId":108340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nettles","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Petro, N.","contributorId":80932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petro","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Runyon, C.","contributorId":51129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runyon","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Staid, M.","contributorId":68561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staid","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Sunshine, J.","contributorId":19812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sunshine","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Taylor, L.A.","contributorId":14160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Tompkins, S.","contributorId":51123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tompkins","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"Varanasi, P.","contributorId":15863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varanasi","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29}]}}
,{"id":70037063,"text":"70037063 - 2009 - Capturing Common Loons during prenesting and nesting periods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037063","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Capturing Common Loons during prenesting and nesting periods","docAbstract":"Several techniques have been used to capture Common Loons (Gavia immer), but effectiveness is limited during periods of the breeding season when loons do not have chicks. From 2005 to 2008, we studied loons in northern Wisconsin and used night lighting to capture loons on nests and also designed a lift net for capturing loons prior to nesting. At night, incubating loons were approached by boat and, when within about 30-60 m, we focused a spotlight on the loon and, once at the nest, captured loons using a landing net. Using this technique, we captured 23 loons in 29 attempts (79%). In addition, taped calls and loon decoys were used to entice prenesting, territorial loons into a shoreline-based, lift-net trap at a capture efficiency of 67% (10 captures in 15 attempts) during the second year of use. Our diurnal lift-net trap and night-light nest-capture techniques allowed us to capture adult Common Loons during periods of the breeding season when previous investigators have found loons difficult to catch. These techniques may also be useful for capturing other species of territorial waterbirds, especially other species of loons. ?? 2009 Association of Field Ornithologists. No claim to original U.S. government works.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Field Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1557-9263.2009.00250.x","issn":"02738570","usgsCitation":"Kenow, K., Wilson, J.M., and Meyer, M., 2009, Capturing Common Loons during prenesting and nesting periods: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 80, no. 4, p. 427-432, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2009.00250.x.","startPage":"427","endPage":"432","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217275,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2009.00250.x"},{"id":245208,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f356e4b0c8380cd4b729","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kenow, K.P.","contributorId":18302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kenow","given":"K.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, J. M.","contributorId":88753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meyer, M.W.","contributorId":38094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037061,"text":"70037061 - 2009 - Thermal conductivity of hydrate-bearing sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-30T14:17:12","indexId":"70037061","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermal conductivity of hydrate-bearing sediments","docAbstract":"<p><span>A thorough understanding of the thermal conductivity of hydrate-bearing sediments is necessary for evaluating phase transformation processes that would accompany energy production from gas hydrate deposits and for estimating regional heat flow based on the observed depth to the base of the gas hydrate stability zone. The coexistence of multiple phases (gas hydrate, liquid and gas pore fill, and solid sediment grains) and their complex spatial arrangement hinder the a priori prediction of the thermal conductivity of hydrate-bearing sediments. Previous studies have been unable to capture the full parameter space covered by variations in grain size, specific surface, degree of saturation, nature of pore filling material, and effective stress for hydrate-bearing samples. Here we report on systematic measurements of the thermal conductivity of air dry, water- and tetrohydrofuran (THF)-saturated, and THF hydrate–saturated sand and clay samples at vertical effective stress of 0.05 to 1 MPa (corresponding to depths as great as 100 m below seafloor). Results reveal that the bulk thermal conductivity of the samples in every case reflects a complex interplay among particle size, effective stress, porosity, and fluid-versus-hydrate filled pore spaces. The thermal conductivity of THF hydrate–bearing soils increases upon hydrate formation although the thermal conductivities of THF solution and THF hydrate are almost the same. Several mechanisms can contribute to this effect including cryogenic suction during hydrate crystal growth and the ensuing porosity reduction in the surrounding sediment, increased mean effective stress due to hydrate formation under zero lateral strain conditions, and decreased interface thermal impedance as grain-liquid interfaces are transformed into grain-hydrate interfaces.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2008JB006235","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Cortes, D.D., Martin, A.I., Yun, T.S., Francisca, F.M., Santamarina, J.C., and Ruppel, C.D., 2009, Thermal conductivity of hydrate-bearing sediments: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 114, no. 11, p. 1-10, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB006235.","productDescription":"Article B11103; 10 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"10","ipdsId":"IP-013375","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476283,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jb006235","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217245,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JB006235"},{"id":245175,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb217e4b08c986b3255c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cortes, Douglas D.","contributorId":196028,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cortes","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, Ana I.","contributorId":196030,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martin","given":"Ana","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yun, Tae Sup","contributorId":196031,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yun","given":"Tae","email":"","middleInitial":"Sup","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Francisca, Franco M.","contributorId":196029,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Francisca","given":"Franco","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Santamarina, J. Carlos","contributorId":189401,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Santamarina","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Carlos","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ruppel, Carolyn D. 0000-0003-2284-6632 cruppel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2284-6632","contributorId":195778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppel","given":"Carolyn","email":"cruppel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70037044,"text":"70037044 - 2009 - The stable isotope amount effect: New insights from NEXRAD echo tops, Luquillo Mountains, Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T17:11:09","indexId":"70037044","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The stable isotope amount effect: New insights from NEXRAD echo tops, Luquillo Mountains, Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"<p><span>The stable isotope amount effect has often been invoked to explain patterns of isotopic composition of rainfall in the tropics. This paper describes a new approach, correlating the isotopic composition of precipitation with cloud height and atmospheric temperature using NEXRAD radar echo tops, which are a measure of the maximum altitude of rainfall within the clouds. The seasonal differences in echo top altitudes and their corresponding temperatures are correlated with the isotopic composition of rainfall. These results offer another factor to consider in interpretation of the seasonal variation in isotopic composition of tropical rainfall, which has previously been linked to amount or rainout effects and not to temperature effects. Rain and cloud water isotope collectors in the Luquillo Mountains in northeastern Puerto Rico were sampled monthly for three years and precipitation was analyzed for&nbsp;</span><i>δ</i><sup>18</sup><span>O and<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>δ</i><sup>2</sup><span>H. Precipitation enriched in<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>18</sup><span>O and<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>2</sup><span>H occurred during the winter dry season (approximately December–May) and was associated with a weather pattern of trade wind showers and frontal systems. During the summer rainy season (approximately June–November), precipitation was depleted in<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>18</sup><span>O and<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>2</sup><span>H and originated in low pressure systems and convection associated with waves embedded in the prevailing easterly airflow. Rain substantially depleted in<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>18</sup><span>O and<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>2</sup><span>H compared to the aforementioned weather patterns occurred during large low pressure systems. Weather analysis showed that 29% of rain input to the Luquillo Mountains was trade wind orographic rainfall, and 30% of rainfall could be attributed to easterly waves and low pressure systems. Isotopic signatures associated with these major climate patterns can be used to determine their influence on streamflow and groundwater recharge and to monitor possible effects of climate change on regional water resources.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2008WR007515","usgsCitation":"Scholl, M.A., Shanley, J.B., Zegarra, J.P., and Coplen, T.B., 2009, The stable isotope amount effect: New insights from NEXRAD echo tops, Luquillo Mountains, Puerto Rico: Water Resources Research, v. 45, no. 12, Article W12407; 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2008WR007515.","productDescription":"Article W12407; 14 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476213,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008wr007515","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245367,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb063e4b08c986b324e27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scholl, Martha A. 0000-0001-6994-4614 mascholl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6994-4614","contributorId":1920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"Martha","email":"mascholl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shanley, James B. 0000-0002-4234-3437 jshanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4234-3437","contributorId":1953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"James","email":"jshanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zegarra, Jan Paul","contributorId":40829,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zegarra","given":"Jan","email":"","middleInitial":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Coplen, Tyler B. 0000-0003-4884-6008 tbcoplen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4884-6008","contributorId":508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coplen","given":"Tyler","email":"tbcoplen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037039,"text":"70037039 - 2009 - Accelerated weathering of limestone for CO2 mitigation opportunities for the stone and cement industries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-14T11:48:37.842755","indexId":"70037039","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"displayTitle":"Accelerated weathering of limestone for CO<sub>2</sub> mitigation opportunities for the stone and cement industries","title":"Accelerated weathering of limestone for CO2 mitigation opportunities for the stone and cement industries","docAbstract":"Large amounts of limestone fines coproduced during the processing of crushed limestone may be useful in the sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO <sub>2</sub>). Accelerated weathering of limestone (AWL) is proposed as a low-tech method to capture and sequester CO<sub>2</sub> from fossil fuel-fired power plants and other point-sources such as cement manufacturing. AWL reactants are readily available, inexpensive, and environmentally benign. Waste CO <sub>2</sub> is hydrated with water to produce carbonic acid, which then reacts with and is neutralized by limestone fines, thus converting CO<sub>2</sub> gas to dissolved calcium bicarbonate. AWL waste products can be disposed of in the ocean. Feasibility requires access to an inexpensive source of limestone and to seawater, thus limiting AWL facilities within about 10 km of the coastline. The majority of U.S. coastal power generating facilities are within economical transport distance of limestone resources. AWL presents opportunities for collaborative efforts among the crushed stone industry, electrical utilities, cement manufactures, and research scientists.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"SME Annual Meeting and Exhibit and CMA's 111th National Western Mining Conference 2009","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"SME Annual Meeting and Exhibit and CMA's 111th National Western Mining Conference 2009","conferenceDate":"February 22-25, 2009","conferenceLocation":"Denver, CO","language":"English","isbn":"9781615671533","usgsCitation":"Langer, W.H., Juan, C., Rau, G., and Caldeira, K., 2009, Accelerated weathering of limestone for CO2 mitigation opportunities for the stone and cement industries, <i>in</i> SME Annual Meeting and Exhibit and CMA's 111th National Western Mining Conference 2009, v. 1, Denver, CO, February 22-25, 2009, p. 310-315.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"310","endPage":"315","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245273,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e667e4b0c8380cd473ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langer, W. H.","contributorId":44932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Juan, C.A.S.","contributorId":80517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juan","given":"C.A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rau, G.H.","contributorId":18112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rau","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Caldeira, K.","contributorId":17823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldeira","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037038,"text":"70037038 - 2009 - Fine-scale relief related to late holocene channel shifting within the floor of the upper Redondo Fan, offshore Southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-30T12:22:23.63954","indexId":"70037038","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3369,"text":"Sedimentology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fine-scale relief related to late holocene channel shifting within the floor of the upper Redondo Fan, offshore Southern California","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group \"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Erosional and depositional bedforms have been imaged at outcrop scale in the upper Redondo Fan, in the San Pedro Basin of offshore Southern California in ≥600 m water depths, using an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle developed by the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute. The Autonomous Underwater Vehicle is equipped with multibeam and chirp sub-bottom sonars. Sampling and photographic images using the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute Remotely Operated Vehicle<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Tiburon</i><span>&nbsp;</span>provide groundtruth for the Autonomous Underwater Vehicle survey. The 0·3 m vertical and 1·5 m lateral bathymetric resolution and 0·1 m sub-bottom profile resolution provide unprecedented detail of bedform morphology and structure. Multiple channels within the Redondo Fan have been active at different times during the Late Holocene (0 to 3000 yr<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"smallCaps\">bp</span>). The currently active channel extending from Redondo Canyon makes an abrupt 90° turn at the canyon mouth before resuming a south-easterly course along the east side of the Redondo Fan. This channel is floored by sand and characterized by small steps generally &lt;1 m in relief, spaced 10 to 80 m in the down-channel direction. A broader channel complex lies along the western side of the fan valley that was last active more than 850 years ago. Two distinct trains of large scours, with widths ranging from tens to a few hundred metres and depths of 20 m, occur on the floor of the western channel complex, which has a thin mud drape. If observed in cross-section only, these large scours would probably be misidentified as the thalweg of an active channel.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-3091.2009.01052.x","issn":"00370746","usgsCitation":"Normark, W.R., Paull, C.K., Caress, D., Ussler, W., and Sliter, R., 2009, Fine-scale relief related to late holocene channel shifting within the floor of the upper Redondo Fan, offshore Southern California: Sedimentology, v. 56, no. 6, p. 1690-1704, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.2009.01052.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1690","endPage":"1704","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476408,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.2009.01052.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245272,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.1932456322206,\n              34.42192043909904\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.1932456322206,\n              33.1619835211291\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.80896828847048,\n              33.1619835211291\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.80896828847048,\n              34.42192043909904\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.1932456322206,\n              34.42192043909904\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1026e4b0c8380cd53b53","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Normark, W. R.","contributorId":87137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Normark","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paull, C. K.","contributorId":86845,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paull","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caress, D.W.","contributorId":14201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caress","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ussler, W. III","contributorId":101048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ussler","given":"W.","suffix":"III","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sliter, R.","contributorId":66311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sliter","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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