{"pageNumber":"848","pageRowStart":"21175","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46733,"records":[{"id":80801,"text":"ofr20071410 - 2007 - Climate variation at Flagstaff, Arizona - 1950 to 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-15T21:15:42.026607","indexId":"ofr20071410","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1410","title":"Climate variation at Flagstaff, Arizona - 1950 to 2007","docAbstract":"<p>Much scientific research demonstrates the existence of recent climate variation, particularly global warming. Climate prediction models forecast that climate will change; it will become warmer, droughts will increase in number and severity, and extreme climate events will recur often—desiccating aridity, extremely wet, unusually warm, or even frigid at times. However, the global models apply to average conditions in large grids approximately 150 miles on an edge (Thorpe, 2005), and how or whether specific areas within a grid are affected is unclear. Flagstaff's climate is mentioned in the context of global change, but information is lacking on the amount and trend of changes in precipitation, snowfall, and temperature. The purpose of this report is to understand what may be happening to Flagstaff's climate by reviewing local climate history. Flagstaff is in north-central Arizona south of San Francisco Mountain, which reaches 12,633 feet, the highest in Arizona (fig. 1). At 6,900 feet, surrounded by ponderosa pine forest, Flagstaff enjoys a four-season climate; winter-daytime temperatures are cool, averaging 45 degrees (Fahrenheit). Summer-daytime temperatures are comfortable, averaging 80 degrees, which is pleasant compared with nearby low-elevation deserts. Flagstaff's precipitation averages 22-inches per year with a range of 9 to 39 inches. Snowfall occurs each season, averaging 97 inches annually. This report, written for the non-technical reader, interprets climate variation at Flagstaff as observed at the National Weather Service (NWS) station at Pulliam Field (or Airport), a first-order weather station staffed by meteorologists (Staudenmaier and others, 2007). The station is on a flat-topped ridge surrounded by forest 5-miles south of Flagstaff at an elevation of 7,003 feet. Data used in this analysis are daily measurements of precipitation (including snowfall) and temperature (maximum and minimum) covering the period from 1950, when the station began operation, through spring 2007. Conversations with Byron Peterson and Michael Staudenmaier of the NWS helped us understand the difficulties of collecting consistent weather data, operation of the station, and Flagstaff's climate. Weather is the daily or even instantaneous state of temperature and precipitation. Climate is the average or accumulation of these parameters over longer time scales such as a week, month, or year. Seasonal (winter, spring, summer, and fall) and annual averages of temperature and accumulated precipitation describe the temporal variation of Flagstaff's climate, which is shown graphically with time series (figs. 2, 4, 6, 8-15). These plots show precipitation or temperature on the ordinate plotted against time on the abscissa, which is a year for annually repeating data or the year of a particular season. The plots reveal changing patterns of precipitation and temperature related to droughts, wet episodes, and rising temperatures.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071410","collaboration":"Prepared in Cooperation with Effects of Climate Variability and Land Use on American Drylands and Navajo Nation Studies - Projects of the Earth Surface Dynamics Program","usgsCitation":"Hereford, R., 2007, Climate variation at Flagstaff, Arizona - 1950 to 2007 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1410, iv, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071410.","productDescription":"iv, 17 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1950-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":647,"text":"Western Earth Surface Processes","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194743,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":406793,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83145.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":10641,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1410/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","city":"Flagstaff","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.08251953125,\n              34.912962495216966\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.302490234375,\n              34.912962495216966\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.302490234375,\n              35.54116627999815\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.08251953125,\n              35.54116627999815\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.08251953125,\n              34.912962495216966\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de1fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hereford, Richard 0000-0002-0892-7367 rhereford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0892-7367","contributorId":3620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hereford","given":"Richard","email":"rhereford@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":80802,"text":"ofr20071400 - 2007 - A Compilation of Gas Emission-Rate Data from Volcanoes of Cook Inlet (Spurr, Crater Peak, Redoubt, Iliamna, and Augustine) and Alaska Peninsula (Douglas, Fourpeaked, Griggs, Mageik, Martin, Peulik, Ukinrek Maars, and Veniaminof), Alaska, from 1995-2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-25T10:05:59","indexId":"ofr20071400","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1400","title":"A Compilation of Gas Emission-Rate Data from Volcanoes of Cook Inlet (Spurr, Crater Peak, Redoubt, Iliamna, and Augustine) and Alaska Peninsula (Douglas, Fourpeaked, Griggs, Mageik, Martin, Peulik, Ukinrek Maars, and Veniaminof), Alaska, from 1995-2006","docAbstract":"INTRODUCTION\r\n\r\nThis report presents gas emission rates from data collected during numerous airborne plume-measurement flights at Alaskan volcanoes since 1995. These flights began in about 1990 as means to establish baseline values of volcanic gas emissions during periods of quiescence and to identify anomalous levels of degassing that might signal the beginning of unrest. The primary goal was to make systematic measurements at the major volcanic centers around the Cook Inlet on at least an annual basis, and more frequently during periods of unrest and eruption. A secondary goal was to measure emissions at selected volcanoes on the Alaska Peninsula. While the goals were not necessarily met in all cases due to weather, funding, or the availability of suitable aircraft, a rich dataset of quality measurements is the legacy of this continuing effort. An earlier report (Doukas, 1995) presented data for the period from 1990 through 1994 and the current report provides data through 2006.\r\n\r\nThis report contains all of the available measurements for SO2, CO2, and H2S emission rates in Alaska determined by the U. S. Geological Survey from 1995 through 2006; airborne measurements for H2S began in Alaska in 2001.\r\n\r\nThe results presented here are from Cook Inlet volcanoes at Spurr, Crater Peak, Redoubt, Iliamna, and Augustine and cover periods of unrest at Iliamna (1996) and Spurr (2004-2006) as well as the 2006 eruption of Augustine. Additional sporadic measurements at volcanoes on the Alaska Peninsula (Douglas, Martin, Mageik, Griggs, Veniaminof, Ukinrek Maars, Peulik, and Fourpeaked during its 2006 unrest) are also reported here.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071400","usgsCitation":"Doukas, M.P., and McGee, K.A., 2007, A Compilation of Gas Emission-Rate Data from Volcanoes of Cook Inlet (Spurr, Crater Peak, Redoubt, Iliamna, and Augustine) and Alaska Peninsula (Douglas, Fourpeaked, Griggs, Mageik, Martin, Peulik, Ukinrek Maars, and Veniaminof), Alaska, from 1995-2006 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1400, iii, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071400.","productDescription":"iii, 13 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1995-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":121,"text":"Alaska Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194559,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10642,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1400/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -157.25,57.5 ], [ -157.25,61.5 ], [ -149.5,61.5 ], [ -149.5,57.5 ], [ -157.25,57.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4950e4b0b290850ef0b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doukas, Michael P. mdoukas@usgs.gov","contributorId":2686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doukas","given":"Michael","email":"mdoukas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGee, Kenneth A. kenmcgee@usgs.gov","contributorId":2135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGee","given":"Kenneth","email":"kenmcgee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80796,"text":"ofr20071045 - 2007 - Rocky Mountain Snowpack Chemistry at Selected Sites, 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:40","indexId":"ofr20071045","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1045","title":"Rocky Mountain Snowpack Chemistry at Selected Sites, 2004","docAbstract":"During spring 2004, the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the National Park Service and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service collected and analyzed snowpack samples for 65 sites in the Rocky Mountain region from New Mexico to Montana. Snowpacks were sampled from late February through early April and generally had well-below-average- to near-average snow-water equivalent. Regionally, on April 1, snow-water equivalent ranged from 50 to 89 percent.\r\n\r\nAt most regional sites monitored during 1993-2004, snowpack ammonium, nitrate, and sulfate concentrations for 2004 were lower than the 12-year averages. Snowpack ammonium concentrations in the region were lower than average concentrations for the period at 61 percent of sites in the region, but showed a new pattern compared to previous years with three of the four highest 2004 concentrations observed in northern Colorado. Nitrate concentrations in 2004 were lower than the 12-year average for the year at 53 percent of regional sites, and typically occurred at sites in Wyoming, Idaho, and Montana where powerplants and large industrial areas were limited. A regional decrease in sulfate concentrations across most of the Rocky Mountains (with concentrations lower than the 12-year average at 84 percent of snowpack sites) was consistent with other monitoring of atmospheric deposition in the Western United States. Total mercury concentrations, although data are only available for the past 3 years, decreased slightly for the region as a whole in 2004 relative to 2003. Ratios of stable sulfur isotopes indicated a similar regional pattern as observed in recent years with sulfur-34 (d34S) values generally increasing northward from northern New Mexico and southern Colorado to northern Colorado, Wyoming, Idaho, and Montana.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071045","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service and the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service","usgsCitation":"Ingersoll, G.P., Mast, M.A., Nanus, L., Handran, H.H., Manthorne, D.J., and Hultstrand, D.M., 2007, Rocky Mountain Snowpack Chemistry at Selected Sites, 2004 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1045, iv, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071045.","productDescription":"iv, 15 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2004-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192431,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10636,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1045/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117,35 ], [ -117,49 ], [ -103,49 ], [ -103,35 ], [ -117,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cee4b07f02db545926","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ingersoll, George P. gpingers@usgs.gov","contributorId":1469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"George","email":"gpingers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mast, M. Alisa 0000-0001-6253-8162 mamast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6253-8162","contributorId":827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mast","given":"M.","email":"mamast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Alisa","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nanus, Leora","contributorId":27930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nanus","given":"Leora","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Handran, Heather H.","contributorId":74829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handran","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Manthorne, David J.","contributorId":90380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manthorne","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hultstrand, Douglas M.","contributorId":40684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hultstrand","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":80794,"text":"sir20075225 - 2007 - Urban-Related Environmental Variables and Their Relation with Patterns in Biological Community Structure in the Fountain Creek Basin, Colorado, 2003-2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:39","indexId":"sir20075225","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5225","title":"Urban-Related Environmental Variables and Their Relation with Patterns in Biological Community Structure in the Fountain Creek Basin, Colorado, 2003-2005","docAbstract":"In 2003, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Colorado Springs City Engineering, began a study to evaluate the influence of urbanization on stream ecosystems. To accomplish this task, invertebrate, fish, stream discharge, habitat, water-chemistry, and land-use data were collected from 13 sites in the Fountain Creek basin from 2003 to 2005. The Hydrologic Index Tool was used to calculate hydrologic indices known to be related to urbanization. Response of stream hydrology to urbanization was evident among hydrologic variables that described stormflow. These indices included one measurement of high-flow magnitude, two measurements of high-flow frequency, and one measurement of stream flashiness. Habitat and selected nonstormflow water chemistry were characterized at each site. Land-use data were converted to estimates of impervious surface cover and used as the measure of urbanization annually. Correlation analysis (Spearman?s rho) was used to identify a suite of nonredundant streamflow, habitat, and water-chemistry variables that were strongly associated (rho > 0.6) with impervious surface cover but not strongly related to elevation (rho < 0.60).\r\n\r\nAn exploratory multivariate analysis (BIO-ENV, PRIMER ver 6.1, Plymouth, UK) was used to create subsets of eight urban-related environmental variables that described patterns in biological community structure. The strongest and most parsimonious subset of variables describing patterns in invertebrate community structure included high flood pulse count, lower bank capacity, and nutrients. Several other combinations of environmental variables resulted in competing subsets, but these subsets always included the three variables found in the most parsimonious list.\r\n\r\nThis study found that patterns in invertebrate community structure from 2003 to 2005 in the Fountain Creek basin were associated with a variety of environmental characteristics influenced by urbanization. These patterns were explained by a combination of hydrologic, habitat, and water-chemistry variables. Fish community structure showed weaker links between urban-related environmental variables and biological patterns. A conceptual model was developed that showed the influence of urban-related environmental variables and their relation to fish and invertebrate assemblages. This model should prove helpful in guiding future studies on the impacts of urbanization on aquatic systems. Long-term monitoring efforts may be needed in other drainages along the Front Range of Colorado to link urban-related variables to aquatic communities in transition zone streams.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20075225","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Colorado Springs City Engineering","usgsCitation":"Zuellig, R.E., Bruce, J.F., Evans, E.E., and Stogner, 2007, Urban-Related Environmental Variables and Their Relation with Patterns in Biological Community Structure in the Fountain Creek Basin, Colorado, 2003-2005 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5225, vi, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075225.","productDescription":"vi, 24 p.","temporalStart":"2003-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125272,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2007_5225.jpg"},{"id":10634,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5225/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.25,38.166666666666664 ], [ -105.25,39.166666666666664 ], [ -104.25,39.166666666666664 ], [ -104.25,38.166666666666664 ], [ -105.25,38.166666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db605284","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zuellig, Robert E. 0000-0002-4784-2905 rzuellig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4784-2905","contributorId":1620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zuellig","given":"Robert","email":"rzuellig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bruce, James F. 0000-0003-3125-2932 jbruce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3125-2932","contributorId":916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruce","given":"James","email":"jbruce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evans, Erin E. eeevans@usgs.gov","contributorId":1618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"Erin","email":"eeevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stogner 0000-0002-3185-1452 rstogner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3185-1452","contributorId":938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stogner","email":"rstogner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":80793,"text":"ofr20071216 - 2007 - Side-scan sonar imaging of the Colorado River, Grand Canyon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-20T12:02:27","indexId":"ofr20071216","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1216","title":"Side-scan sonar imaging of the Colorado River, Grand Canyon","docAbstract":"<p>This paper presents data collection methods and side-scan sonar data collected along the Colorado River in Grand Canyon in August and September of 2000. The purpose of the data collection effort was to image the distribution of sand between Glen Canyon Dam and river mile 87.4 before and after the 31,600 cfs flow of September 6-8. The side-scan sonar imaging focused on pools between rapids but included smaller rapids where possible.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071216","usgsCitation":"Anima, R., Wong, F.L., Hogg, D., and Galanis, P., 2007, Side-scan sonar imaging of the Colorado River, Grand Canyon (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1216, Report: 15 p.; Images, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071216.","productDescription":"Report: 15 p.; Images","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2000-08-01","temporalEnd":"2000-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191784,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20071216.PNG"},{"id":10631,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1216/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":292632,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1216/of2007-1216.pdf"},{"id":292633,"type":{"id":14,"text":"Image"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1216/R3-R4_uninterpreted/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River;Grand Canyon","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.0,36.0 ], [ -112.0,37.0 ], [ -111.333333,37.0 ], [ -111.333333,36.0 ], [ -112.0,36.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d4e4b07f02db5dd76a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anima, Roberto","contributorId":92761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anima","given":"Roberto","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wong, Florence L. 0000-0002-3918-5896 fwong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3918-5896","contributorId":1990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wong","given":"Florence","email":"fwong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hogg, David","contributorId":63107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hogg","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Galanis, Peter","contributorId":82004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galanis","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":80789,"text":"sir20075127 - 2007 - Pre-Restoration Geomorphic Characteristics of Minebank Run, Baltimore County, Maryland, 2002-04","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-10T12:56:36.343686","indexId":"sir20075127","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5127","title":"Pre-Restoration Geomorphic Characteristics of Minebank Run, Baltimore County, Maryland, 2002-04","docAbstract":"Data collected from 2002 through 2004 were used to assess geomorphic characteristics and geomorphic changes over time in a selected reach of Minebank Run, a small urban watershed near Towson, Maryland, prior to its physical restoration in 2004 and 2005. Longitudinal profiles of the channel bed, water surface, and bank features were developed from field surveys. Changes in cross-section geometry between field surveys were documented. Grain-size distributions for the channel bed and banks were developed from pebble counts and laboratory analyses. Net changes in the elevation of the channel bed over time were documented at selected locations.\r\n\r\nRosgen Stream Classification was used to classify the stream channel according to morphological measurements of slope, entrenchment ratio, width-to-depth ratio, sinuosity, and median-particle diameter of the channel materials. An analysis of boundary shear stress in the vicinity of the streamflow-gaging station was conducted by use of hydraulic variables computed from cross-section surveys and slope measurements derived from crest-stage gages in the study reach.\r\n\r\nAnalysis of the longitudinal profiles indicated noticeable changes in the percentage and distribution of riffles, pools, and runs through the study reach between 2002 and 2004. Despite major changes to the channel profile as a result of storm runoff events, the overall slope of the channel bed, water surface, and bank features remained constant at about 1 percent.\r\n\r\nThe cross-sectional surveys showed net increases in cross-sectional area, mean depth, and channel width at several locations between 2002 and 2004, which indicate channel degradation and widening. Two locations were identified where significant amounts of sediment were being stored in the study reach. Data from scour chains identified several locations where maximum scour ranged from 1.0-1.4 feet during storm events. Bank retreat varied widely throughout the study reach and ranged from 0.2 feet to as much as 7.9 feet. Sequential measurements of bed elevation in selected locations indicated as much as 2 feet of channel degradation in one location during a storm event in May 2004 and identified pulses of sediment that were gradually transported through the study reach during the monitoring period.\r\n\r\nParticle-size analyses of channel bed materials indicated a median particle diameter of 20.5 millimeters (coarse gravel) for the study reach, with more than 24 percent being sand particles (greater than 0.062 millimeters). Analyses of bank samples showed finer-grained material composing the channel banks, predominantly silt/clay or a mixture of silt/clay (less than 0.062 millimeters) and very fine to coarse sand.\r\n\r\nThe Minebank Run stream channel was classified as a B4c channel, based on morphological descriptions from the Rosgen Stream Classification System. The B4c classification describes a single-thread stream channel with a moderate entrenchment ratio of 1.4 to 2.2; a width-to-depth ratio greater than 12; moderate sinuosity of 1.2 or greater; a water-surface slope of less than 2 percent; and a median-particle diameter in the gravel range of 2 to 64 millimeters.\r\n\r\nAnalysis of boundary shear stress indicated larger mean velocities and boundary shear stress values for Minebank Run when compared to relations for non-urban B channel types developed by Rosgen. The slope of the regression line for mean velocity versus boundary shear stress at Minebank Run was considerably less than slopes developed by Rosgen for non-urban channel types. This indicates that relatively small increases in mean velocity can result in large increases in boundary shear stress in stream channels with highly developed watersheds, such as Minebank Run.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20075127","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Doheny, E.J., Starsoneck, R.J., Mayer, P.M., and Striz, E.A., 2007, Pre-Restoration Geomorphic Characteristics of Minebank Run, Baltimore County, Maryland, 2002-04: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5127, viii, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075127.","productDescription":"viii, 49 p.","temporalStart":"2002-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia  Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190710,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10732,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5127/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -77,39 ], [ -77,40 ], [ -76,40 ], [ -76,39 ], [ -77,39 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad1e4b07f02db6811f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doheny, Edward J. 0000-0002-6043-3241 ejdoheny@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6043-3241","contributorId":4495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doheny","given":"Edward","email":"ejdoheny@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Starsoneck, Roger J.","contributorId":12104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starsoneck","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mayer, Paul M.","contributorId":35821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayer","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Striz, Elise A.","contributorId":103747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striz","given":"Elise","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":80790,"text":"ofr20061288 - 2007 - Measurements of slope current and environmental geochemistry near the western boundary of the Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-09T11:56:43","indexId":"ofr20061288","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1288","title":"Measurements of slope current and environmental geochemistry near the western boundary of the Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary","docAbstract":"<p>For nearly a decade, dredged material from San Francisco Bay has been deposited at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region IX designated disposal site on the continental slope west of the Farallon Islands. Over the past several years, annual disposal volumes have ranged from 136,170 m3 (61 barge loads) to 2,407,600 m3 (1,173 barge loads) (Ota, personal communication, 2000). The EPA has conducted extensive studies to evaluate the fate and effects of the disposed material (Abdelrhman, 1992; Tetra-Tech, 1992; SAIC, 1992). The EPA has also maintained a long-term monitoring program to collect hydrodynamic, sedimentary, chemical, and biological data that are used to determine whether the dredged material adversely affects the ecology of adjacent water bodies and whether it moves from the disposal site, especially into the Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary. As part of this monitoring program, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Coastal and Marine Geology Program (CMGP) deployed arrays of instruments on three moorings near the EPA disposal site from November 1997 to November 1998. This report describes the results and findings of this field monitoring experiment.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061288","usgsCitation":"Noble, M.A., Xu, J., Kolak, J., Gartner, A.L., and Rosenberger, K., 2007, Measurements of slope current and environmental geochemistry near the western boundary of the Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1288, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061288.","productDescription":"46 p.","numberOfPages":"117","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":645,"text":"Western Coastal and Marine Geology","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193197,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20061288.PNG"},{"id":10627,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1288/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":293524,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1288/of2006-1288.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Francisco","otherGeospatial":"Farallon Islands;Gulf Of The Farallones","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.75,37.0 ], [ -123.75,38.25 ], [ -122.25,38.25 ], [ -122.25,37.0 ], [ -123.75,37.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db61125d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Noble, Marlene A. mnoble@usgs.gov","contributorId":1429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noble","given":"Marlene","email":"mnoble@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xu, Jingping jpx@usgs.gov","contributorId":2574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"Jingping","email":"jpx@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kolak, Jon jkolak@usgs.gov","contributorId":677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolak","given":"Jon","email":"jkolak@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gartner, Anne L.","contributorId":32620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gartner","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rosenberger, Kurt J.","contributorId":12934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberger","given":"Kurt J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":80787,"text":"sir20075177 - 2007 - An Assessment of Hydrology, Fluvial Geomorphology, and Stream Ecology in the Cardwell Branch Watershed, Nebraska, 2003-04","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:43","indexId":"sir20075177","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5177","title":"An Assessment of Hydrology, Fluvial Geomorphology, and Stream Ecology in the Cardwell Branch Watershed, Nebraska, 2003-04","docAbstract":"An assessment of the 16.3-square-mile Cardwell Branch watershed characterized the hydrology, fluvial geomorphology, and stream ecology in 2003-04. The study - performed by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the City of Lincoln, Nebraska, and the Lower Platte South Natural Resources District - focused on the 7.7-square-mile drainage downstream from Yankee Hill Reservoir.\r\n\r\nHydrologic and hydraulic models were developed using the Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) and River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Hydraulic Engineering Center. Estimates of streamflow and water-surface elevation were simulated for 24-hour-duration design rainstorms ranging from a 50-percent frequency to a 0.2-percent frequency. An initial HEC-HMS model was developed using the standardized parameter estimation techniques associated with the Soil Conservation Service curve number technique. An adjusted HEC-HMS model also was developed in which parameters were adjusted in order for the model output to better correspond to peak streamflows estimated from regional regression equations. Comparisons of peak streamflow from the two HEC-HMS models indicate that the initial HEC-HMS model may better agree with the regional regression equations for higher frequency storms, and the adjusted HEC-HMS model may perform more closely to regional regression equations for larger, rarer events. However, a lack of observed streamflow data, coupled with conflicting results from regional regression equations and local high-water marks, introduced considerable uncertainty into the model simulations. Using the HEC-RAS model to estimate water-surface elevations associated with the peak streamflow, the adjusted HEC-HMS model produced average increases in water-surface elevation of 0.2, 1.1, and 1.4 feet for the 50-, 1-, and 0.2-percent-frequency rainstorms, respectively, when compared to the initial HEC-HMS model.\r\n\r\nCross-sectional surveys and field assessments conducted between November 2003 and March 2004 indicated that Cardwell Branch and its unnamed tributary appear to be undergoing incision (the process of downcutting) (with three locations showing 2 or more feet of streambed incision since 1978) that is somewhat moderated by the presence of grade controls and vegetation along the channel profile. Although streambank failures were commonly observed, 96 percent of the surveyed cross sections were classified as stable by planar and rotational failure analysis-a disconnect that may have been the result of assumed soil properties. Two process-based classification systems each indicated that the reaches within the study area were incising and widening, and the Rosgen classification system characterized the streams as either type E6 or B6c. E6 channels are hydraulically efficient with low width-depth ratios, low to moderate sinuosity, and gentle to moderately steep slopes. B6c channels typically are incised with low width-depth ratios maintained by riparian vegetation, low bedload transport, and high washload transport. No obvious nickpoints (interruption or break in slope) were observed in the thalweg profile (line of maximum streambed descent), and the most acute incision occurred immediately downstream from bridges and culverts.\r\n\r\nNine water-quality samples were collected between August 2003 and November 2004 near the mouth of the watershed. Sediment-laden rainfall-runoff substantially affected the water quality in Cardwell Branch, leading to greater biochemical and chemical oxygen demands as well as increased concentrations of several nutrient, bacteriological, sediment, and pesticide constituents. The storage of rainfall runoff in Yankee Hill Reservoir may prolong the presence of runoff-related constituents downstream.\r\n\r\nAcross the study area, there was a lack of habitat availability for aquatic biota because of low dissolved oxygen levels and low streamflows or dry channels. In August 2003, the aquatic community near the mouth of ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20075177","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Lincoln, Nebraska, and the Lower Platte South Natural Resources District","usgsCitation":"Rus, D.L., Dietsch, B.J., Woodward, B.K., Fry, B.E., and Wilson, R.C., 2007, An Assessment of Hydrology, Fluvial Geomorphology, and Stream Ecology in the Cardwell Branch Watershed, Nebraska, 2003-04: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5177, viii, 70 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075177.","productDescription":"viii, 70 p.","temporalStart":"2003-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122335,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2007_5177.jpg"},{"id":10625,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5177/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -96.83333333333333,40.666666666666664 ], [ -96.83333333333333,40.75083333333333 ], [ -96.68416666666667,40.75083333333333 ], [ -96.68416666666667,40.666666666666664 ], [ -96.83333333333333,40.666666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db686769","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rus, David L. 0000-0003-3538-7826 dlrus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3538-7826","contributorId":881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rus","given":"David","email":"dlrus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dietsch, Benjamin J. 0000-0003-1090-409X bdietsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1090-409X","contributorId":1346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietsch","given":"Benjamin","email":"bdietsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woodward, Brenda K.","contributorId":106985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"Brenda","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fry, Beth E.","contributorId":24870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fry","given":"Beth","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wilson, Richard C. wilson@usgs.gov","contributorId":846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Richard","email":"wilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":80786,"text":"ofr20071368 - 2007 - Preliminary Gravity and Magnetic Data of the Lake Pillsbury Region, Northern Coast Ranges, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:44","indexId":"ofr20071368","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1368","title":"Preliminary Gravity and Magnetic Data of the Lake Pillsbury Region, Northern Coast Ranges, California","docAbstract":"The Lake Pillsbury region is transected by the Bartlett Springs Fault zone, one of the main strike-slip faults of the San Andreas system north of San Francisco Bay, California. Gravity and magnetic data were collected to help characterize the geometry and offset of the fault zone as well as determine the geometry of the Gravelly Valley pull-apart basin and Potter Valley, an alluvial intermontane basin southwest of Lake Pillsbury. The Bartlett Springs fault zone lies at the base of a significant gravity gradient. Superposed on the gradient is a small gravity low centered over Lake Pillsbury and Gravelly Valley. Another small gravity low coincides with Potter Valley. Inversion of gravity data for basin thickness indicates a maximum thickness of 400 and 440 m for the Gravelly and Potter Valley depressions, respectively. Ground magnetic data indicate that the regional aeromagnetic data likely suffer from positional errors, but that large, long-wavelength anomalies, sourced from serpentinite, may be offset 8 km along the Bartlett Springs Fault zone. Additional gravity data collected either on the lake surface or bottom and in Potter Valley would better determine the shape of the basins. A modern, high-resolution aeromagnetic survey would greatly augment the ability to map and model the fault geometry quantitatively.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071368","usgsCitation":"Langenheim, V., Jachens, R.C., Morin, R.L., and McCabe, C.A., 2007, Preliminary Gravity and Magnetic Data of the Lake Pillsbury Region, Northern Coast Ranges, California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1368, Report: 24 p.; Metadata; Data Files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071368.","productDescription":"Report: 24 p.; Metadata; Data Files","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":314,"text":"Geophysics Unit of Menlo Park, CA (GUMP)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194380,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10624,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1368/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.16666666666667,39.25 ], [ -123.16666666666667,39.6175 ], [ -122.75,39.6175 ], [ -122.75,39.25 ], [ -123.16666666666667,39.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a16e4b07f02db603e85","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langenheim, Victoria E. 0000-0003-2170-5213 zulanger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":1526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"Victoria E.","email":"zulanger@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jachens, Robert C. jachens@usgs.gov","contributorId":1180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"Robert","email":"jachens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morin, Robert L.","contributorId":82671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morin","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCabe, Craig A.","contributorId":69256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":80784,"text":"ofr20071253 - 2007 - Effect of on-site wastewater disposal on quality of ground water and base flow: A pilot study in Chester County, southeastern Pennsylvania, 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-25T20:12:16.926002","indexId":"ofr20071253","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1253","title":"Effect of on-site wastewater disposal on quality of ground water and base flow: A pilot study in Chester County, southeastern Pennsylvania, 2005","docAbstract":"On-site wastewater disposal has the potential to introduce contaminants into ground water and subsequently, by ground-water discharge, to streams. A pilot study was conducted during 2005 by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Chester County Health Department and the Chester County Water Resources Authority to determine if wastewater components, including inorganic constituents and selected organic wastewater compounds, such as detergents, considered to be emerging contaminants, were present in ground water and stream base flow in areas with on-site wastewater disposal. The study area was a small watershed (about 7.1 square miles) of mixed land use drained by Broad Run in central Chester County, Pa. The area is underlain by fractured metamorphic rocks that form aquifers recharged by precipitation. Surface- and ground-water sampling was done in areas with and without on-site wastewater disposal for comparison, including a relatively densely populated village with cesspools and septic systems, a residential area with septic systems, a residential area served by sewers, and agricultural land. Samples were collected in May-June and September 2005 from eight headwater stream sites under base-flow conditions and in June 2005 from eight wells and two springs. Samples were analyzed for major ions, nutrients, boron, bacteria, and a suite of organic wastewater compounds. Several emerging contaminant wastewater compounds, including detergent components, insect repellents, and flame retardants, were detected in base-flow and ground-water samples. Stream base-flow samples generally contained more compounds and higher concentrations of those compounds than did ground-water samples, and of the ground-water samples, samples from springs contained more compounds and higher concentrations than samples from wells. Concentrations of nitrate, chloride, and boron (inorganic constituents associated with wastewater) generally were all elevated in base-flow and ground-water samples in areas with relatively high densities of on-site wastewater disposal (septic systems or cesspools) compared to other areas sampled. Results of this pilot study should be considered preliminary because of limited data.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071253","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Chester County Water Resources Authority and Chester County Health Department","usgsCitation":"Senior, L.A., and Cinotto, P.J., 2007, Effect of on-site wastewater disposal on quality of ground water and base flow: A pilot study in Chester County, southeastern Pennsylvania, 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1253, vi, 50 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071253.","productDescription":"vi, 50 p.","temporalStart":"2005-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194951,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":405624,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83127.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":10621,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1253/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Chester 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Lisa A. 0000-0003-2629-1996 lasenior@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2629-1996","contributorId":2150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senior","given":"Lisa","email":"lasenior@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cinotto, Peter J. pcinotto@usgs.gov","contributorId":451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cinotto","given":"Peter","email":"pcinotto@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":354,"text":"Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80782,"text":"sir20075201 - 2007 - Water quality on the Prairie Band Potawatomi Reservation, northeastern Kansas, June 1996 through August 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-19T20:49:08.767637","indexId":"sir20075201","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5201","title":"Water quality on the Prairie Band Potawatomi Reservation, northeastern Kansas, June 1996 through August 2006","docAbstract":"<p>This report describes surface- and ground-water-quality data collected on the Prairie Band Potawatomi Reservation in northeastern Kansas from November 2003 through August 2006 (hereinafter referred to as the \"current study period\"). Data from this study period are compared to results from June 1996 through August 2003, which are published in previous reports as part of a multiyear cooperative study with the Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation. Surface and ground water are valuable resources to the Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation as tribal members currently (2007) use area streams to fulfill subsistence hunting and fishing needs and because ground water potentially could support expanding commercial enterprise and development.</p><p>Surface-water-quality samples collected from November 2003 through August 2006 were analyzed for physical properties, dissolved solids, major ions, nutrients, trace elements, pesticides, fecal-indicator bacteria, suspended-sediment concentration, and total suspended solids. Ground-water samples were analyzed for physical properties, dissolved solids, major ions, nutrients, trace elements, pesticides, and fecal-indicator bacteria. Chemical oxygen demand and volatile organic compounds were analyzed in all three samples from one monitoring well located near a construction and demolition landfill on the reservation, and in one sample from another well in the Soldier Creek drainage basin.</p><p>Previous reports published as a part of this ongoing study identified total phosphorus, triazine herbicides, and fecal coliform bacteria as exceeding their respective water-quality criteria in surface water on the reservation. Previous ground-water assessments identified occasional sample concentrations of dissolved solids, sodium, sulfate, boron, iron, and manganese as exceeding their respective water-quality criteria.</p><p>Fifty-six percent of the 55 surface-water samples collected during the current study period and analyzed for total phosphorus exceeded the goal of 0.1 mg/L (milligram per liter) established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) to limit cultural eutrophication in flowing water. Concentrations of dissolved solids frequently exceeded the USEPA Secondary Drinking-Water Regulation (SDWR) of 500 mg/L in samples from two sites. Concentrations of sodium exceeded the Drinking-Water Advisory of 20 mg/L set by USEPA in almost 50 percent of the surface-water samples. All four samples analyzed for atrazine concentrations showed some concentration of the pesticide, but none exceeded the Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) established for drinking water by USEPA of 3.0 µg/L (micrograms per liter) as an annual average. A triazine herbicide screen was used on 55 surface-water samples, and triazine compounds were frequently detected. Triazine herbicides and their degradates are listed on the USEPA Contaminant Candidate List. In 41 percent of surface-water samples, densities of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Escherichia coli</i><span>&nbsp;</span>(<i>E. coli</i>) bacteria exceeded the primary contact, single-sample maximum in public-access bodies of water (1,198 colonies per 100 milliliters of water for samples collected between April 1 and October 31) set by the Kansas Department of Health and Environment (KDHE).</p><p>Nitrite plus nitrate concentrations in all three water samples from 1 of 10 monitoring wells exceeded the MCL of 10 mg/L established by USEPA for drinking water. Arsenic concentrations in all three samples from one well exceeded the proposed MCL of 10 µg/L established by USEPA for drinking water. Boron also exceeded the drinking-water advisory in three samples from one well, and iron concentrations were higher than the SDWR in water from four wells. There was some detection of pesticides in ground-water samples from three of the wells, and one detection of the volatile organic compound diethyl ether in one well. Concentrations of dissolved solids exceeded the SDWR in 20 percent of ground-water samples collected during the current study period, and concentrations of sulfate and chloride exceeded their respective SDWR in 10 percent of the ground-water samples. Concentrations exceeded the Drinking-Water Advisory Level set by USEPA for sodium in 50 percent of the ground-water samples.</p><p>Results from the current study period remained similar to results from previous study periods. The median triazine herbicide concentration (triazine screen by ELISA) for the current study period decreased slightly compared to past study periods. In the event that ground water on the reservation is to be used as a drinking-water source, additional treatment may be necessary to remove excess dissolved solids, sulfate, sodium, and chloride.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20075201","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, H.C., Mehl, H.E., and Pope, L.M., 2007, Water quality on the Prairie Band Potawatomi Reservation, northeastern Kansas, June 1996 through August 2006: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5201, viii, 76 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075201.","productDescription":"viii, 76 p.","temporalStart":"1996-06-01","temporalEnd":"2006-08-31","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122471,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2007_5201.jpg"},{"id":407006,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83119.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":10619,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5201/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"Prairie Band Potowatomi Reservation","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -95.9333,\n              39.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.7333,\n              39.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.7333,\n              39.4333\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.9333,\n              39.4333\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.9333,\n              39.25\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd331","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, Heather C. Ross","contributorId":39877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"C. Ross","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mehl, Heidi E.","contributorId":93583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mehl","given":"Heidi","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pope, Larry M.","contributorId":93455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":80771,"text":"sir20075203 - 2007 - Application of surface geophysical methods, with emphasis on magnetic resonance soundings, to characterize the hydrostratigraphy of the Brazos River alluvium aquifer, College Station, Texas, July 2006: A pilot study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-14T22:58:55.887582","indexId":"sir20075203","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5203","title":"Application of surface geophysical methods, with emphasis on magnetic resonance soundings, to characterize the hydrostratigraphy of the Brazos River alluvium aquifer, College Station, Texas, July 2006: A pilot study","docAbstract":"<p><span>The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Texas Water Development Board, used surface geophysical methods at the Texas A&amp;M University Brazos River Hydrologic Field Research Site near College Station, Texas, in a pilot study, to characterize the hydrostratigraphic properties of the Brazos River alluvium aquifer and determine the effectiveness of the methods to aid in generating an improved ground-water availability model. Three non-invasive surface geophysical methods were used to characterize the electrical stratigraphy and hydraulic properties and to interpret the hydrostratigraphy of the Brazos River alluvium aquifer. Two methods, time-domain electromagnetic (TDEM) soundings and two-dimensional direct-current (2D–DC) resistivity imaging, were used to define the lateral and vertical extent of the Ships clay, the alluvium of the Brazos River alluvium aquifer, and the underlying Yegua Formation. Magnetic resonance sounding (MRS), a recently developed geophysical method, was used to derive estimates of the hydrologic properties including percentage water content and hydraulic conductivity. Results from the geophysics study demonstrated the usefulness of combined TDEM, 2D–DC resistivity, and MRS methods to reduce the need for additional boreholes in areas with data gaps and to provide more accurate information for ground-water availability models. Stratigraphically, the principal finding of this study is the relation between electrical resistivity and the depth and thickness of the subsurface hydrostratigraphic units at the site. TDEM data defined a three-layer electrical stratigraphy corresponding to a conductor-resistor-conductor that represents the hydrostratigraphic units—the Ships clay, the alluvium of the Brazos River alluvium aquifer, and the Yegua Formation. Sharp electrical boundaries occur at about 4 to 6 and 20 to 22 meters below land surface based on the TDEM data and define the geometry of the more resistive Brazos River alluvium aquifer. Variations in resistivity in the alluvium aquifer range from 10 to more than 175 ohm-meters possibly are caused by lateral changes in grain size. Resistivity increases from east to west along a profile away from the Brazos River, which signifies an increase in grain size within the alluvium aquifer and therefore a more productive zone with more abundant water in the aquifer. MRS data can help delineate the subsurface hydrostratigraphy and identify the geometric boundaries of the hydrostratigraphic units by identifying changes in the free water content, transmissivity, and hydraulic conductivity. MRS data indicate that most productive zones of the alluvium aquifer occur between 12 and 25 meters below land surface in the western part of the study area where the hydraulic conductivity can be as high as 250 meters per day. Hydrostratigraphically, individual hydraulic conductivity values derived from MRS were consistent with those from aquifer tests conducted in 1996 in the study area. Average hydraulic conductivity values from the aquifer tests range from about 61 to 80 meters per day, whereas the MRS-derived hydraulic conductivity values range from about 27 to 97 meters per day. Interpreting an interpolated profile of the hydraulic conductivity values and individual values derived from MRS can help describe the hydrostratigraphic framework of an area and constrain ground-water models for better accuracy.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20075203","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Texas Water Development Board","usgsCitation":"Shah, S., Kress, W.H., and Legchenko, A., 2007, Application of surface geophysical methods, with emphasis on magnetic resonance soundings, to characterize the hydrostratigraphy of the Brazos River alluvium aquifer, College Station, Texas, July 2006: A pilot study (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5203, vi, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075203.","productDescription":"vi, 21 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2006-07-01","temporalEnd":"2006-07-31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":423597,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_82988.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":327702,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5203/pdf/sir2007-5203.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":10615,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5203/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":126878,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2007_5203.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"College Station","otherGeospatial":"Brazos River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -96.4185464708318,\n              30.561690564479733\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.43085127706146,\n              30.561690564479733\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.43085127706146,\n              30.54291200190505\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.4185464708318,\n              30.54291200190505\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.4185464708318,\n              30.561690564479733\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67ab8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shah, Sachin D.","contributorId":60174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shah","given":"Sachin D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kress, Wade H.","contributorId":100475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kress","given":"Wade","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Legchenko, Anatoly","contributorId":61107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Legchenko","given":"Anatoly","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":80773,"text":"fs20073105 - 2007 - Rapid Data Delivery System (RDDS)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:57","indexId":"fs20073105","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-3105","title":"Rapid Data Delivery System (RDDS)","docAbstract":"Since the start of the active 2000 summer fire season, the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center (RMGSC) has been actively engaged in providing crucial and timely support to Federal, State, and local natural hazards monitoring, analysis, response, and recovery activities. As part of this support, RMGSC has developed the Rapid Data Delivery System (RDDS) to provide emergency and incident response teams with timely access to geospatial data. The RDDS meets these needs by combining a simple web-enabled data viewer for the selection and preview of vector and raster geospatial data with an easy to use data ordering form. The RDDS viewer also incorporates geospatial locations for current natural hazard incidents, including wildfires, earthquakes, hurricanes, and volcanoes, allowing incident responders to quickly focus on their area of interest for data selection.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs20073105","usgsCitation":"Cress, J., and Goplen, S.E., 2007, Rapid Data Delivery System (RDDS) (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2007-3105, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20073105.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121019,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2007_3105.jpg"},{"id":10617,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2007/3105/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5ee4b07f02db633b5b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cress, Jill J.","contributorId":76832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cress","given":"Jill J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goplen, Susan E. segoplen@usgs.gov","contributorId":1790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goplen","given":"Susan","email":"segoplen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80772,"text":"fs20073104 - 2007 - Global Data Toolset (GDT)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:10","indexId":"fs20073104","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-3104","title":"Global Data Toolset (GDT)","docAbstract":"According to the United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC) approximately 60 percent of the data contained in the World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA) has missing or incomplete boundary information. As a result, global analyses based on the WDPA can be inaccurate, and professionals responsible for natural resource planning and priority setting must rely on incomplete geospatial data sets.\r\n\r\nTo begin to address this problem the World Data Center for Biodiversity and Ecology, in cooperation with the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center (RMGSC), the National Biological Information Infrastructure (NBII), the Global Earth Observation System, and the Inter-American Biodiversity Information Network (IABIN) sponsored a Protected Area (PA) workshop in Asuncion, Paraguay, in November 2007. The primary goal of this workshop was to train representatives from eight South American countries on the use of the Global Data Toolset (GDT) for reviewing and editing PA data. Use of the GDT will allow PA experts to compare their national data to other data sets, including non-governmental organization (NGO) and WCMC data, in order to highlight inaccuracies or gaps in the data, and then to apply any needed edits, especially in the delineation of the PA boundaries. In addition, familiarizing the participants with the web-enabled GDT will allow them to maintain and improve their data after the workshop. Once data edits have been completed the GDT will also allow the country authorities to perform any required review and validation processing. Once validated, the data can be used to update the global WDPA and IABIN databases, which will enhance analysis on global and regional levels.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs20073104","usgsCitation":"Cress, J., and Riegle, J.L., 2007, Global Data Toolset (GDT) (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2007-3104, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20073104.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124390,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2007_3104.jpg"},{"id":10616,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2007/3104/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a858e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cress, Jill J.","contributorId":76832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cress","given":"Jill J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Riegle, Jodi L. 0000-0001-8640-8952 jlriegle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8640-8952","contributorId":1789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riegle","given":"Jodi","email":"jlriegle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80770,"text":"ofr20071430 - 2007 - Selected Natural Attenuation Monitoring Data, Operable Unit 1, Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Keyport, Washington, June 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:21","indexId":"ofr20071430","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1430","title":"Selected Natural Attenuation Monitoring Data, Operable Unit 1, Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Keyport, Washington, June 2006","docAbstract":"Previous investigations have shown that natural attenuation and biodegradation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are substantial in shallow ground water beneath the 9-acre former landfill at Operable Unit 1 (OU 1), Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Keyport, Washington. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has continued to monitor ground-water geochemistry to assure that conditions remain favorable for contaminant biodegradation. This report presents ground-water geochemical and selected VOC data collected at OU 1 by the USGS during June 12-14, 2006, in support of long-term monitoring for natural attenuation.\r\n\r\nFor June 2006, the strongly reducing conditions (sulfate reduction and methanogenesis) most favorable for reductive dechlorination of VOCs were inferred for 5 of 15 upper-aquifer sites in the northern and southern phytoremediation plantations. Predominant redox conditions in ground water from the intermediate aquifer just downgradient from the landfill remained mildly reducing and somewhat favorable for reductive dechlorination. Since about 2003, measured dissolved hydrogen concentrations in the upper aquifer generally have been lower than those previously measured, although methane and sulfide have continued to be detected throughout the upper aquifer beneath the landfill. Overall, no widespread changes in ground-water redox conditions were measured that should result in either more or less efficient biodegradation of chlorinated VOCs.\r\n\r\nFor the northern plantation in 2006, chlorinated VOC concentrations at piezometers P1-3 and P1-4 were lower than previously measured, and trichloroethene (TCE), cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cis-DCE), or vinyl chloride (VC) were not detected at piezometers P1-1 and P1-5. The steady decrease in contaminant concentrations and the continued detection of the reductive dechlorination end-products ethene and ethane have been consistent throughout the upper aquifer beneath the northern plantation.\r\n\r\nFor the southern plantation in 2006, changes in chlorinated VOC concentrations at the piezometers were highly variable. At piezometer P1-9, the 2006 total chlorinated VOC concentration as well as the concentrations of cis-DCE and VC were measured at their highest levels to date; contaminant concentrations substantially decreased at piezometer P1-9 between June 2004 and June 2005. The reasons for the 2004-05 decrease in concentrations or the 2005-06 increase in concentrations are unknown. At piezometer P1-10, the consistent temporal trend of decreasing chlorinated VOC concentrations measured since 1999 ended, and the concentration of total chlorinated VOC in 2006 was the highest measured since 1999. The reductive dechlorination end-product ethene was measured at concentrations as high as 1,300 micrograms per liter in the upper aquifer beneath the southern plantation, which is reliable evidence that reductive dechlorination of VOCs is ongoing.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071430","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Department of the Navy, Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Northwest","usgsCitation":"Dinicola, R., and Huffman, R., 2007, Selected Natural Attenuation Monitoring Data, Operable Unit 1, Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Keyport, Washington, June 2006: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1430, iv, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071430.","productDescription":"iv, 31 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2006-06-12","temporalEnd":"2006-06-14","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190616,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10614,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1430/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.63388888888889,47.68333333333333 ], [ -122.63388888888889,47.70111111111111 ], [ -122.60055555555554,47.70111111111111 ], [ -122.60055555555554,47.68333333333333 ], [ -122.63388888888889,47.68333333333333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fa7c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dinicola, R.S.","contributorId":64290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dinicola","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huffman, R.L.","contributorId":44956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huffman","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70043928,"text":"70043928 - 2007 - Status of Shortnose Sturgeon in the Potomac River. Part 1: Field Studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-23T11:37:21","indexId":"70043928","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Status of Shortnose Sturgeon in the Potomac River. Part 1: Field Studies","docAbstract":"Field studies during more than 3 years (March 2004–July 2007) collected data on life history of Potomac River shortnose sturgeon Acipenser brevirostrum to understand their biological status in the river. We sampled intensively for adults using gill nets, but captured only one adult in 2005. Another adult was captured in 2006 by a commercial fisher. Both fish were females with excellent body and fin condition, both had mature eggs, and both were telemetrytagged to track their movements. The lack of capturing adults, even when intensive netting was guided by movements of tracked fish, indicated abundance of the species was less than in any river known with a sustaining population of the species. Telemetry tracking of the two females (one during September 2005–July 2007, one during March 2006–February 2007) found they remained in the river for all the year, not for just a few months like sturgeons on a coastal migration. Further, one fish used the same freshwater reach during three summers. The two sturgeons used different reaches during some seasons, with one fish using saline water more than the other. The adults homed to small reaches in the same month each year, like shortnose sturgeon in their natal river. The total reach used by tracked sturgeons was 124 km (rkm 63–187), of which the lowermost 78 km, which was used for summering and wintering, contained the freshwater: saltwater interface. The most upstream reach used (rkm 185–187) contained potential spawning habitat. This reach was visited by one female on a pre-spawning migration in \nApril 2006, but spawning was likely unsuccessful. Water quality (dissolved oxygen and temperature) in the summering–wintering reach was adequate all the year, although during the summer it was minimally acceptable. We periodically recaptured the same tagged female and found she healed well after tagging, appeared healthy in body and fins, grew well, and rapidly matured a new clutch of eggs. All surveys indicated adults had sufficient habitat and water quality needed to complete their life history. While we studied only two adults, all data strongly suggests shortnose sturgeons are a permanent resident of the Potomac River diadromous fish community. Life-history movements of the Potomac River adults were similar to adults in northcentral rivers, like the Delaware River, not to adults in southern rivers. We did not identify a unique life history behavior that separated Potomac River adults from other populations. Life history data indicates Potomac River shortnose sturgeons are most likely remnants of the natal population or colonizers from a north-central river, like the Delaware River.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Kynard, B., Breece, M., Atcheson, M., Kieffer, M., and Mangold, M., 2007, Status of Shortnose Sturgeon in the Potomac River. Part 1: Field Studies, 52 p.","productDescription":"52 p.","costCenters":[{"id":462,"text":"Natural Resources Preservation Project","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267986,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268012,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.fws.gov/northeast/marylandfisheries/reports/FINAL%20REPORT%20SNSPotomac.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5129f342e4b04edf7e93f94d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kynard, Boyd","contributorId":84234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kynard","given":"Boyd","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Breece, Matthew","contributorId":25836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breece","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Atcheson, Megan","contributorId":37225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atcheson","given":"Megan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kieffer, Micah 0000-0001-9310-018X mkieffer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9310-018X","contributorId":2641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kieffer","given":"Micah","email":"mkieffer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mangold, Mike","contributorId":22647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mangold","given":"Mike","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70174850,"text":"70174850 - 2007 - Size-based trends and management implications of microhabitat utilization by Brown Treesnakes, with an emphasis on juvenile snakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-18T15:49:20","indexId":"70174850","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Size-based trends and management implications of microhabitat utilization by Brown Treesnakes, with an emphasis on juvenile snakes","docAbstract":"<p>The brown treesnake (<i>Boiga irregularis</i>, or BTS), a costly invasive species, has been the subject of intensive research on Guam over the past two decades. The behavior and habitat use of hatchling and juvenile snakes, however, remain largely unknown. We used a long-term dataset of BTS captures (N = 2,415) and a dataset resulting from intensive sampling within and immediately around a 5-ha fenced population (N = 2,541) to examine habitat use of BTS. Small snakes were almost exclusively arboreal and that they appeared to prefer tangantangan (<i>Leucaena leucocephala</i>) habitats. In contrast, large snakes used arboreal and terrestrial habitats in roughly equal proportion, and were less frequently found in tangantangan. Among snakes found in trees, there were no clear size-based preferences for certain heights above ground, nor for size-based choice of perch diameters. We discuss these results as they relate to management and interdiction implications for brown treesnakes on Guam and in potential incipient populations on other islands.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Managing vertebrate invasive species: Proceedings of an international symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species","conferenceDate":"August 7-9, 2007","conferenceLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","language":"English","publisher":"USDA/APHIS/WS, National Wildlife Research Center","usgsCitation":"Rodda, G.H., and Reed, R., 2007, Size-based trends and management implications of microhabitat utilization by Brown Treesnakes, with an emphasis on juvenile snakes, <i>in</i> Managing vertebrate invasive species: Proceedings of an international symposium, Fort Collins, CO, August 7-9, 2007, p. 257-267.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"257","endPage":"267","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325398,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":325397,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.aphis.usda.gov/wildlife_damage/nwrc/symposia/invasive_symposium/content/Rodda257_267_MVIS.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"578dfdb9e4b0f1bea0e0f8f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rodda, Gordon H. roddag@usgs.gov","contributorId":3196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodda","given":"Gordon","email":"roddag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reed, Robert N. reedr@usgs.gov","contributorId":141036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Robert N.","email":"reedr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":642784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70031793,"text":"70031793 - 2007 - SAR measurements of surface displacements at Augustine Volcano, Alaska from 1992 to 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-17T16:41:38.240893","indexId":"70031793","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"SAR measurements of surface displacements at Augustine Volcano, Alaska from 1992 to 2005","docAbstract":"<p><span>Augustine volcano is an active stratovolcano located at the southwest of Anchorage, Alaska. Augustine volcano had experienced seven significantly explosive eruptions in 1812, 1883, 1908, 1935, 1963, 1976, and 1986, and a minor eruption in January 2006. We measured the surface displacements of the volcano by radar interferometry and GPS before and after the eruption in 2006. ERS-1/2, RADARSAT-1 and ENVISAT SAR data were used for the study. Multiple interferograms were stacked to reduce artifacts caused by different atmospheric conditions. Least square (LS) method was used to reduce atmospheric artifacts. Singular value decomposition (SVD) method was applied for retrieval of time sequential deformations. Satellite radar interferometry helps to understand the surface displacements system of Augustine volcano.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"2007 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS 2007","conferenceDate":"June 23-28, 2007","conferenceLocation":"Barcelona, Spain","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4423901","usgsCitation":"Lee, C., Lu, Z., and Kwoun, O., 2007, SAR measurements of surface displacements at Augustine Volcano, Alaska from 1992 to 2005, <i>in</i> International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), Barcelona, Spain, June 23-28, 2007, p. 4671-4674, https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4423901.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"4671","endPage":"4674","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240015,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Augustine Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -153.67950439453125,\n              59.25745766248799\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.2647705078125,\n              59.25745766248799\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.2647705078125,\n              59.44996166902811\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.67950439453125,\n              59.44996166902811\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.67950439453125,\n              59.25745766248799\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaf04e4b0c8380cd8733f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, C.-W.","contributorId":31901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"C.-W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lu, Z.","contributorId":106241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kwoun, Oh-Ig","contributorId":41945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kwoun","given":"Oh-Ig","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70207859,"text":"70207859 - 2007 - The use of curvature in potential-field interpretation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-25T18:12:42.678597","indexId":"70207859","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-31T17:15:41","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1612,"text":"Exploration Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The use of curvature in potential-field interpretation","docAbstract":"<p><span>Potential-field anomalies can be transformed into special functions that form peaks and ridges over isolated sources. All special functions have a common mathematical form over an isolated source, which leads to a common equation for estimating the source depth from the peak value and the curvature at the peak. Model-specific special functions, usually calculated from a transformed version of a potential field, are used to estimate the locations of very specific source types. Model-independent special functions calculated from an observed or transformed potential field can be used to estimate the locations of a variety of source types. Vertical integration is a particularly useful transformation for reducing the effects of noise and increasing the coherency of solutions from model-independent special functions. For gridded data, the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the curvature matrix associated with a quadratic surface that is fitted to a special function within 3 × 3 windows can be used to locate the sources and estimate their depths and strikes. Discrete source locations estimated in this manner can be connected into lines that follow contacts, faults, and other mappable features based on distance and azimuth criteria. These concepts are demonstrated on aeromagnetic data from the Albuquerque basin of New Mexico, USA.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1071/EG07014","usgsCitation":"Phillips, J., Hansen, R.O., and Blakely, R.J., 2007, The use of curvature in potential-field interpretation: Exploration Geophysics, v. 38, no. 2, p. 111-119, https://doi.org/10.1071/EG07014.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"111","endPage":"119","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371288,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Albuquerque Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106.71667,\n              34.8500\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.68333,\n              34.8500\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.68333,\n              34.900\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.71667,\n              34.900\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.71667,\n              34.8500\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-12-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phillips, Jeffrey 0000-0002-6459-2821 jeff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6459-2821","contributorId":127453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jeff@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hansen, R. O.","contributorId":29201,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hansen","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blakely, Richard J. 0000-0003-1701-5236 blakely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-5236","contributorId":1540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakely","given":"Richard","email":"blakely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70205788,"text":"70205788 - 2007 - Sperm cryopreservation in fish and shellfish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-03T11:27:35","indexId":"70205788","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-31T11:20:42","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5869,"text":"Society for Reproduction and Fertility Supplement","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sperm cryopreservation in fish and shellfish","docAbstract":"<p><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\"><span>Initial success in sperm cryopreservation came at about the same time for aquatic species and livestock. However, in the 50-plus years since then cryopreserved sperm of livestock has grown into a billion-dollar global industry, while despite work in some 200 species with well over 200 published reports, cryopreservation of aquatic species sperm remains essentially a research activity with little commercial application. Most research has focused on large-bodied culture and sport fishes, such as salmonids, carps, and catfishes, and mollusks such as commercially important oyster and abalone species. However, only a handful of studies have addressed sperm cryopreservation in small fishes, such as zebrafish, and in endangered species. Overall, this work has yielded techniques that are being applied with varying levels of success around the world. Barriers to expanded application include a diverse and widely distributed literature base, technical problems, small sperm volumes, variable results, a general lack of access to the technology, and most importantly, the lack of standardization in practices and reporting. The benefits of cryopreservation include at least five levels of improvements for existing industries and for creation of new industries. First, cryopreservation can be used to improve existing hatchery operations by providing sperm on demand and simplifying the timing of induced spawning. Second, frozen sperm can enhance efficient use of facilities and create new opportunities in the hatchery by eliminating the need to maintain live males, potentially freeing resources for use with females and larvae. Third, valuable genetic lineages such as endangered species, research models, or improved farmed strains can be protected by storage of frozen sperm. Fourth, cryopreservation opens the door for rapid genetic improvement. Frozen sperm can be used in breeding programs to create improved lines and shape the genetic resources available for aquaculture. Finally, cryopreserved sperm of aquatic species will at some point become an entirely new industry itself. A successful industry will require integrated practices for sample collection, refrigerated storage, freezing, thawing, rules for use and disposal, transfer agreements, and database development. Indeed the development of this new industry is currently constrained by factors including the technical requirements for scaling-up to commercial operations during the transition from research, and the absence of uniform quality control practices, industry standards, marketing and price structures, and appropriate biosecurity safeguards.</span></span><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Reproduction and Fertility","usgsCitation":"Tiersch, T.R., Yang, H., Jenkins, J.A., and Dong, Q., 2007, Sperm cryopreservation in fish and shellfish: Society for Reproduction and Fertility Supplement, v. 65, p. 493-507.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"493","endPage":"507","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":367962,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tiersch, Terrence R. 0000-0002-7738-1978","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7738-1978","contributorId":93616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiersch","given":"Terrence","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":772344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yang, Huiping","contributorId":219482,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yang","given":"Huiping","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":772345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jenkins, Jill A. 0000-0002-5087-0894 jenkinsj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5087-0894","contributorId":2710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"Jill","email":"jenkinsj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dong, Qiaoxiang","contributorId":219483,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dong","given":"Qiaoxiang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":772347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70193777,"text":"70193777 - 2007 - Integrating human impacts and ecological integrity into a risk-based protocol for conservation planning","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-01T13:56:05.656411","indexId":"70193777","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrating human impacts and ecological integrity into a risk-based protocol for conservation planning","docAbstract":"<p><span>Conservation planning aims to protect biodiversity by sustainng the natural physical, chemical, and biological processes within representative ecosystems. Often data to measure these components are inadequate or unavailable. The impact of human activities on ecosystem processes complicates integrity assessments and might alter ecosystem organization at multiple spatial scales. Freshwater conservation targets, such as populations and communities, are influenced by both intrinsic aquatic properties and the surrounding landscape, and locally collected data might not accurately reflect potential impacts. We suggest that changes in five major biotic drivers—energy sources, physical habitat, flow regime, water quality, and biotic interactions—might be used as surrogates to inform conservation planners of the ecological integrity of freshwater ecosystems. Threats to freshwater systems might be evaluated based on their impact to these drivers to provide an overview of potential risk to conservation targets. We developed a risk-based protocol, the Ecological Risk Index (ERI), to identify watersheds with least/most risk to conservation targets. Our protocol combines risk-based components, specifically the frequency and severity of human-induced stressors, with biotic drivers and mappable land- and water-use data to provide a summary of relative risk to watersheds. We illustrate application of our protocol with a case study of the upper Tennessee River basin, USA. Differences in risk patterns among the major drainages in the basin reflect dominant land uses, such as mining and agriculture. A principal components analysis showed that localized, moderately severe threats accounted for most of the threat composition differences among our watersheds. We also found that the relative importance of threats is sensitive to the spatial grain of the analysis. Our case study demonstrates that the ERI is useful for evaluating the frequency and severity of ecosystemwide risk, which can inform local and regional conservation planning.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00267-005-0238-7","usgsCitation":"Mattson, K., and Angermeier, P.L., 2007, Integrating human impacts and ecological integrity into a risk-based protocol for conservation planning: Environmental Management, v. 39, no. 1, p. 125-128, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-005-0238-7.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"125","endPage":"128","ipdsId":"IP-031969","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348541,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Upper Tennessee River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -85.84716796875,\n              34.994003757575776\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.67236328125,\n              34.994003757575776\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.67236328125,\n              36.59788913307022\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.84716796875,\n              36.59788913307022\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.84716796875,\n              34.994003757575776\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-11-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a05771ee4b09af898c70878","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mattson, K.M.","contributorId":78571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattson","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Angermeier, Paul L. 0000-0003-2864-170X biota@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2864-170X","contributorId":166679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angermeier","given":"Paul","email":"biota@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70191433,"text":"70191433 - 2007 - A review of land–sea coupling by groundwater discharge of nitrogen to New England estuaries: Mechanisms and effects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-11T14:50:34","indexId":"70191433","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A review of land–sea coupling by groundwater discharge of nitrogen to New England estuaries: Mechanisms and effects","docAbstract":"<p><span>Hydrologists have long been concerned with the interface of groundwater flow into estuaries, but not until the end of the last century did other disciplines realize the major role played by groundwater transport of nutrients to estuaries. Mass balance and stable isotopic data suggest that land-derived NO</span><sub>3</sub><span>, NH</span><sub>4</sub><span>, and dissolved organic N do enter estuaries in amounts likely to affect the function of the receiving ecosystem. Because of increasing human occupancy of the coastal zone, the nutrient loads borne by groundwater have increased in recent decades, in spite of substantial interception of nutrients within the land and aquifer components of watersheds. Groundwater-borne nutrient loads have increased the N content of receiving estuaries, increased phytoplankton and macroalgal production and biomass, decreased the area of seagrasses, and created a cascade of associated ecological changes. This linkage between land use and eutrophication of estuaries occurs in spite of mechanisms, including uptake of land-derived N by riparian vegetation and fringing wetlands, “unloading” by rapid water removal, and direct N inputs to estuaries, that tend to uncouple the effects of land use on receiving estuaries. It can be expected that as human activity on coastal watersheds continues to increase, the role of groundwater-borne nutrients to the receiving estuary will also increase.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.09.002","usgsCitation":"Elsevier, 2007, A review of land–sea coupling by groundwater discharge of nitrogen to New England estuaries: Mechanisms and effects: Applied Geochemistry, v. 22, no. 1, p. 175-191, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.09.002.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"175","endPage":"191","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346517,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"New England","volume":"22","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59df0f2ee4b05fe04ccd3ded"}
,{"id":70193412,"text":"70193412 - 2007 - Towards quantitative monitoring of semivolatile organic compounds using passive air samplers: Chapter 6","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-01T11:41:36","indexId":"70193412","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Towards quantitative monitoring of semivolatile organic compounds using passive air samplers: Chapter 6","docAbstract":"<p><span>Passive air samplers can be used to measure the air concentration of various semivolatile organic compounds (SOCs) with reasonable reliability. To use passive air samplers to measure atmospheric concentrations of pollutants, calibration data are required. Calibration data include parameters such as sampling rates, sampler/air partition coefficients and loss rate constants. These parameters are usually determined in the laboratory, at a reference site or&nbsp;</span><i>in situ</i><span>. When using passive sampler data to estimate the air concentration of SOCs, investigators commonly assume that sampling follows first-order exchange kinetics. Thus, during the first stage of sampler uptake, chemicals are accumulated linearly relative to time. The accumulation of many pollutants in passive air samplers is influenced by factors such as changes in wind speed and temperature. The use of performance reference compounds (PRCs) holds considerable promise for assessing the effects of wind speed and temperature on passive sampler performance. The use of PRCs in semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) has also shown that photolysis of accumulated polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) occurs without adequate shading.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Passive Sampling Techniques in Environmental Monitoring","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","usgsCitation":"Bartkow, M., Orazio, C.E., Gouin, T., Huckins, J.N., and Muller, J., 2007, Towards quantitative monitoring of semivolatile organic compounds using passive air samplers: Chapter 6, chap. <i>of</i> Passive Sampling Techniques in Environmental Monitoring, v. 38, p. 125-137.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"125","endPage":"137","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347983,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":347982,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.elsevier.com/books/passive-sampling-techniques-in-environmental-monitoring/greenwood/978-0-444-52225-2"}],"volume":"38","edition":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fadd25e4b0531197b13cc6","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Greenwood, Richard B.","contributorId":103273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greenwood","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718956,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mills, Graham","contributorId":199399,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mills","given":"Graham","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718957,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vrana, B.","contributorId":15415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vrana","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718958,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Bartkow, M.E.","contributorId":47126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartkow","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Orazio, Carl E. 0000-0002-2532-9668 corazio@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2532-9668","contributorId":1366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orazio","given":"Carl","email":"corazio@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gouin, Todd","contributorId":36443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gouin","given":"Todd","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Huckins, James N.","contributorId":83454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huckins","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":718954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Muller, J.F.","contributorId":43144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muller","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":80768,"text":"ofr20071267 - 2007 - Phosphorus Concentrations in Stream-Water and Reference Samples - An Assessment of Laboratory Comparability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:18","indexId":"ofr20071267","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1267","title":"Phosphorus Concentrations in Stream-Water and Reference Samples - An Assessment of Laboratory Comparability","docAbstract":"In 2003, a study was conducted to evaluate the accuracy and precision of 10 laboratories that analyze water-quality samples for phosphorus concentrations in the Catskill Mountain region of New York State. Many environmental studies in this region rely on data from these different laboratories for water-quality analyses, and the data may be used in watershed modeling and management decisions. Therefore, it is important to determine whether the data reported by these laboratories are of comparable accuracy and precision. Each laboratory was sent 12 samples for triplicate analysis for total phosphorus, total dissolved phosphorus, and soluble reactive phosphorus. Eight of these laboratories reported results that met comparability criteria for all samples; the remaining two laboratories met comparability criteria for only about half of the analyses. Neither the analytical method used nor the sample concentration ranges appeared to affect the comparability of results. The laboratories whose results were comparable gave consistently comparable results throughout the concentration range analyzed, and the differences among methods did not diminish comparability. All laboratories had high data precision as indicated by sample triplicate results. In addition, the laboratories consistently reported total phosphorus values greater than total dissolved phosphorus values, and total dissolved phosphorus values greater than soluble reactive phosphorus values, as would be expected. The results of this study emphasize the importance of regular laboratory participation in sample-exchange programs.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071267","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"McHale, M.R., and McChesney, D., 2007, Phosphorus Concentrations in Stream-Water and Reference Samples - An Assessment of Laboratory Comparability: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1267, iv, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071267.","productDescription":"iv, 26 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2003-01-01","temporalEnd":"2003-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191835,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10613,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1267/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685fe2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McHale, Michael R. 0000-0003-3780-1816 mmchale@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3780-1816","contributorId":1735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McHale","given":"Michael","email":"mmchale@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McChesney, Dennis","contributorId":31842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McChesney","given":"Dennis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80765,"text":"sir20075220 - 2007 - Ground-Water Quality and Potential Effects of Individual Sewage Disposal System Effluent on Ground-Water Quality in Park County, Colorado, 2001-2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:40","indexId":"sir20075220","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5220","title":"Ground-Water Quality and Potential Effects of Individual Sewage Disposal System Effluent on Ground-Water Quality in Park County, Colorado, 2001-2004","docAbstract":"In 2000, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Park County, Colorado, began a study to evaluate ground-water quality in the various aquifers in Park County that supply water to domestic wells. The focus of this study was to identify and describe the principal natural and human factors that affect ground-water quality. In addition, the potential effects of individual sewage disposal system (ISDS) effluent on ground-water quality were evaluated.\r\n\r\nGround-water samples were collected from domestic water-supply wells from July 2001 through October 2004 in the alluvial, crystalline-rock, sedimentary-rock, and volcanic-rock aquifers to assess general ground-water quality and effects of ISDS's on ground-water quality throughout Park County. Samples were analyzed for physical properties, major ions, nutrients, bacteria, and boron; and selected samples also were analyzed for dissolved organic carbon, human-related (wastewater) compounds, trace elements, radionuclides, and age-dating constituents (tritium and chlorofluorocarbons).\r\n\r\nDrinking-water quality is adequate for domestic use throughout Park County with a few exceptions. Only about 3 percent of wells had concentrations of fluoride, nitrate, and (or) uranium that exceeded U.S. Environmental Protection Agency national, primary drinking-water standards. These primary drinking-water standards were exceeded only in wells completed in the crystalline-rock aquifers in eastern Park County. Escherichia coli bacteria were detected in one well near Guffey, and total coliform bacteria were detected in about 11 percent of wells sampled throughout the county. The highest total coliform concentrations were measured southeast of the city of Jefferson and west of Tarryall Reservoir. Secondary drinking-water standards were exceeded more frequently. About 19 percent of wells had concentrations of one or more constituents (pH, chloride, fluoride, sulfate, and dissolved solids) that exceeded secondary drinking-water standards. Currently (2004), there is no federally enforced drinking-water standard for radon in public water-supply systems, but proposed regulations suggest a maximum contaminant level of 300 picocuries per liter (pCi/L) and an alternative maximum contaminant level of 4,000 pCi/L contingent on other mitigating remedial activities to reduce radon levels in indoor air. Radon concentrations in about 91 percent of ground-water samples were greater than or equal to 300 pCi/L, and about 25 percent had radon concentrations greater than or equal to 4,000 pCi/L. Generally, the highest radon concentrations were measured in samples collected from wells completed in the crystalline-rock aquifers.\r\n\r\nAnalyses of ground-water-quality data indicate that recharge from ISDS effluent has affected some local ground-water systems in Park County. Because roughly 90 percent of domestic water used is assumed to be recharged by ISDS's, detections of human-related (wastewater) compounds in ground water in Park County are not surprising; however, concentrations of constituents associated with ISDS effluent generally are low (concentrations near the laboratory reporting levels). Thirty-eight different organic wastewater compounds were detected in 46 percent of ground-water samples, and the number of compounds detected per sample ranged from 1 to 17 compounds. Samples collected from wells with detections of wastewater compounds also had significantly higher (p-value < 0.05) chloride and boron concentrations than samples from wells with no detections of wastewater compounds.\r\n\r\nISDS density (average subdivision lot size used to estimate ISDS density) was related to ground-water quality in Park County. Chloride and boron concentrations were significantly higher in ground-water samples collected from wells located in areas that had average subdivision lot sizes of less than 1 acre than in areas that had average subdivision lot sizes greater than or equal to 1 acre. For wells completed in the crystalline-","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20075220","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Park County, Colorado","usgsCitation":"Miller, L.D., and Ortiz, R.F., 2007, Ground-Water Quality and Potential Effects of Individual Sewage Disposal System Effluent on Ground-Water Quality in Park County, Colorado, 2001-2004 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5220, vi, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075220.","productDescription":"vi, 48 p.","temporalStart":"2001-07-01","temporalEnd":"2004-10-31","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192207,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10610,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5220/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106.25,38.5 ], [ -106.25,39.583333333333336 ], [ -105.25,39.583333333333336 ], [ -105.25,38.5 ], [ -106.25,38.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d507","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Lisa D. 0000-0002-3523-0768 ldmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3523-0768","contributorId":1125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Lisa","email":"ldmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ortiz, Roderick F. rfortiz@usgs.gov","contributorId":1126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ortiz","given":"Roderick","email":"rfortiz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}