{"pageNumber":"849","pageRowStart":"21200","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40783,"records":[{"id":97379,"text":"ofr20081347 - 2009 - The performance of nearshore dredge disposal at Ocean Beach, San Francisco, California, 2005-2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-13T19:01:41.588416","indexId":"ofr20081347","displayToPublicDate":"2009-03-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1347","title":"The performance of nearshore dredge disposal at Ocean Beach, San Francisco, California, 2005-2007","docAbstract":"Ocean Beach, California, contains an erosion hot spot in the shadow of the San Francisco ebb tidal delta that threatens valuable public infrastructure as well as the safe recreational use of the beach. In an effort to reduce the erosion at this location a new plan for the management of sediment dredged annually from the main shipping channel at the mouth of San Francisco Bay was implemented in May 2005 by the United States Army Corps of Engineers, San Francisco District (USACE). The USACE designated a temporary nearshore dredge disposal site for the annual disposal of about 230,000 m3 (300,000 yd3) of sand about 750 m offshore and slightly south of the erosion hot spot, in depths between approximately 9 and 14 m. The site has now been used three times for a total sediment disposal of about 690,000 m3 (about 900,000 yds3). The disposal site was chosen because it is in a location where strong tidal currents and open-ocean waves can potentially feed sediment toward the littoral zone in the reach of the beach that is experiencing critical erosion, as well as prevent further scour on an exposed outfall pipe. The onshore migration of sediment from the target disposal location might feed the primary longshore bar or the nearshore zone, and provide a buffer to erosion that peaks during winter months when large waves impact the region. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) has been monitoring and modeling the bathymetric evolution of the test dredge disposal site and the adjacent coastal region since inception in May 2005. This paper reports on the first 2.5 years of this monitoring program effort (May 2005 to December 2007) and assesses the short-term coastal response. Here are the key findings of this report: \r\n\r\n*Approximately half of the sediment that has been placed in the nearshore dredge-disposal site during the 2.5 years of this study remains within the dredge focus area. \r\n\r\n*In the winter of 2006-7, large waves transported the dredge-mound material onshore. \r\n\r\n*High rates of seasonal cross-shore sediment transport mask any potential profile change in the Coastal Profiling System data due to dredge placement. \r\n\r\n*Pockets of accretion have been recorded by topographic surveying adjacent to the dredge site, but it is unclear if the accretion is linked to the nourishment. \r\n\r\n*Cross-shore profile modeling suggests that dredge material must be placed in water depths no greater than 5 m to drive a positive shoreline response. \r\n\r\n*Area modeling demonstrates that the new dredge site increases wave dissipation and modifies local sediment-transport patterns, although the effect on the nearshore morphology is largely negligible. \r\n\r\n*Any increase in beach width or wave energy-dissipation related to the nourishment is likely to be realized only in the vicinity directly onshore of the nourishment site, which is several hundred meters south of the area of critical erosion. \r\n\r\n*Larger waves from the northwest and smaller waves from the west or southwest contribute most to the sediment transport from the dredge mound onshore.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081347","usgsCitation":"Barnard, P., Erikson, L., Hansen, J., and Elias, E., 2009, The performance of nearshore dredge disposal at Ocean Beach, San Francisco, California, 2005-2007 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1347, vi, 93 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081347.","productDescription":"vi, 93 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2005-05-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":645,"text":"Western Coastal and Marine Geology","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195173,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":403669,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_86450.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":12435,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1347/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Ocean Beach","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.5564,\n 37.7117\n ],\n [\n -122.5033,\n 37.7117\n ],\n [\n -122.5033,\n 37.7786\n ],\n [\n -122.5564,\n 37.7786\n ],\n [\n -122.5564,\n 37.7117\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67ae7c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnard, Patrick L.","contributorId":54936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"Patrick L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Erikson, Li H.","contributorId":10880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erikson","given":"Li H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hansen, Jeff E.","contributorId":60339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Jeff E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Elias, Edwin","contributorId":50615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elias","given":"Edwin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70198250,"text":"70198250 - 2009 - The length of channelized lava flows: Insight from the 1859 eruption of Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawai‘i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-23T11:27:38","indexId":"70198250","displayToPublicDate":"2009-03-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The length of channelized lava flows: Insight from the 1859 eruption of Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawai‘i","docAbstract":"

The 1859 eruption of Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawai'i, produced paired 'a'ā and pāhoehoe flows of exceptional length (51 km). The 'a'ā flow field is distinguished by a long (> 36 km) and well-defined pāhoehoe-lined channel, indicating that channelized lava remained fluid to great distances from the vent. The 1859 eruption was further unusual in initiating at a radial vent on the volcano's northwest flank, instead of along the well-defined rift zone that has been the source of most historic activity. As such, it presents an opportunity both to examine controls on the emplacement of long lava channels and to assess hazards posed by future flank eruptions of Mauna Loa. Here we combine evidence from historical chronicles with analysis of bulk compositions, glass geothermometry, and microlite textures of samples collected along the 1859 lava flows to constrain eruption and flow emplacement conditions. The bulk compositions of samples from the 'a'ā and pāhoehoe flow fields are bimodally distributed and indicate tapping of two discrete magma bodies during eruption. Samples from the pāhoehoe flow field have bulk compositions similar to those of historically-erupted lavas (< 8 wt.% MgO); lava that fed the 'a'ā channel is more primitive (> 8 wt.% MgO), nearly aphyric, and was erupted at high temperatures (1194–1216 °C). We suggest that the physical properties of proximal channel-fed lava (i.e., high-temperature, low crystallinity, and low bulk viscosity) promoted both rapid flow advance and development of long pāhoehoe-lined channels. Critical for the latter was the large temperature decrease (~ 50 °C) required to reach the point at which plagioclase and pyroxene started to crystallize; the importance of phase constraints are emphasized by our difficulty in replicating patterns of cooling and crystallization recorded by high-temperature field samples using common models of flow emplacement. Placement of the 1859 eruption within the context of historic activity at Mauna Loa suggests that the formation of radial vents and eruptions of high-temperature magma may not only be linked, but may also be a consequence of periods of high magma supply (e.g., 1843–1877). Flank eruptions could therefore warrant special consideration in models and hazard mitigation efforts.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2009.03.002","usgsCitation":"Riker, J.M., Cashman, K.V., Kauahikaua, J.P., and Montierth, C.M., 2009, The length of channelized lava flows: Insight from the 1859 eruption of Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawai‘i: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 183, no. 3-4, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2009.03.002.","productDescription":"18 p.","endPage":"139","numberOfPages":"156","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355907,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.665283203125,\n 18.904987289157642\n ],\n [\n -155.57876586914062,\n 18.97513000046634\n ],\n [\n -155.57052612304688,\n 18.999802829053262\n ],\n [\n -155.54443359374997,\n 19.036156118717336\n ],\n [\n -155.5389404296875,\n 19.05692585554252\n ],\n [\n -155.5389404296875,\n 19.066011797810056\n ],\n [\n -155.533447265625,\n 19.08158654022563\n ],\n [\n -155.52520751953125,\n 19.094564373653768\n ],\n [\n -155.50186157226562,\n 19.108838815166006\n ],\n [\n -155.46066284179688,\n 19.132194334419058\n ],\n [\n -155.42083740234375,\n 19.146465526304357\n ],\n [\n -155.40985107421875,\n 19.164627076569708\n ],\n [\n -155.379638671875,\n 19.189271694646738\n ],\n [\n -155.3466796875,\n 19.19835036116298\n ],\n [\n -155.3192138671875,\n 19.22298993058183\n ],\n [\n -155.30410766601562,\n 19.234660016445368\n ],\n [\n -155.2752685546875,\n 19.25670124894847\n ],\n [\n -155.22994995117188,\n 19.24762580585515\n ],\n [\n -155.19012451171875,\n 19.24762580585515\n ],\n [\n -155.16952514648435,\n 19.257997699830604\n ],\n [\n -155.12969970703125,\n 19.257997699830604\n ],\n [\n -155.10360717773438,\n 19.269665296502332\n ],\n [\n -155.09124755859375,\n 19.28262831864838\n ],\n [\n -155.06378173828125,\n 19.294294161374822\n ],\n [\n -155.04318237304688,\n 19.296886457967965\n ],\n [\n -155.0006103515625,\n 19.321511226817176\n ],\n [\n -154.97451782226562,\n 19.34094921327487\n ],\n [\n -154.93743896484375,\n 19.359089245934307\n ],\n [\n -154.90997314453125,\n 19.38240918011228\n ],\n [\n -154.86328125,\n 19.42644883261674\n ],\n [\n -155.12832641601562,\n 19.519669847423703\n ],\n [\n -155.3192138671875,\n 19.52484721904625\n ],\n [\n -155.53619384765625,\n 19.53390722018251\n ],\n [\n -155.65292358398435,\n 19.518375478601566\n ],\n [\n -155.72845458984375,\n 19.452348936859018\n ],\n [\n -155.79299926757812,\n 19.35001948171314\n ],\n [\n -155.8135986328125,\n 19.269665296502332\n ],\n [\n -155.8355712890625,\n 19.230770079948247\n ],\n [\n -155.81771850585938,\n 19.182786626300352\n ],\n [\n -155.85479736328125,\n 19.146465526304357\n ],\n [\n -155.84518432617188,\n 19.088075584093136\n ],\n [\n -155.84243774414062,\n 19.017980467662962\n ],\n [\n -155.82321166992188,\n 19.01538378379675\n ],\n [\n -155.80398559570312,\n 18.999802829053262\n ],\n [\n -155.78750610351562,\n 18.98941471523932\n ],\n [\n -155.77377319335938,\n 18.981623204500767\n ],\n [\n -155.76278686523435,\n 18.971233956586723\n ],\n [\n -155.74768066406247,\n 18.966039089744722\n ],\n [\n -155.73257446289062,\n 18.96214283338193\n ],\n [\n -155.71197509765625,\n 18.955648870479035\n ],\n [\n -155.7037353515625,\n 18.94266018631978\n ],\n [\n -155.6982421875,\n 18.933567506038145\n ],\n [\n -155.6982421875,\n 18.92187618976372\n ],\n [\n -155.69412231445312,\n 18.907585692574216\n ],\n [\n -155.69412231445312,\n 18.90108960836388\n ],\n [\n -155.665283203125,\n 18.904987289157642\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"183","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98ba10e4b0702d0e8452ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riker, Jenny M.","contributorId":206488,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Riker","given":"Jenny","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cashman, Katharine V.","contributorId":199542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cashman","given":"Katharine","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":13025,"text":"Department of Geological Sciences, University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":740735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kauahikaua, James P. 0000-0003-3777-503X jimk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3777-503X","contributorId":2146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauahikaua","given":"James","email":"jimk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Montierth, Charlene M.","contributorId":206489,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Montierth","given":"Charlene","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70156081,"text":"70156081 - 2009 - Does mobility explain variation in colonisation and population recovery among stream fishes?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-18T11:24:42","indexId":"70156081","displayToPublicDate":"2009-03-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does mobility explain variation in colonisation and population recovery among stream fishes?","docAbstract":"
\n

1. Colonisation and population recovery are crucial to species persistence in environmentally variable ecosystems, but are poorly understood processes. After documenting movement rates for several species of stream fish, we predicted that this variable would influence colonisation rates more strongly than local abundance, per cent occupancy, body size and taxonomic family. We also predicted that populations of species with higher movement rates would recover more rapidly than species with lower movement rates and that assemblage structure would change accordingly.

\n
\n
\n

2. To test these predictions, we removed fishes from a headwater and a mainstem creek in southwest Virginia and monitored colonisation over a 2-year period. Using an information–theoretic approach, we evaluated the relative plausibility of 15 alternative models containing different combinations of our predictor variables. Our best-supported model contained movement rate and abundance and was 41 times more likely to account for observed patterns in colonisation rates than the next-best model. Movement rate and abundance were both positively related to colonisation rates and explained 88% of the variation in colonisation rates among species.

\n
\n
\n

3. Population recovery, measured as the per cent of initial abundance restored, was also positively associated with movement rate. One species recovered within 3 months, most recovered within 2 years, but two species still had not recovered after 2 years. Despite high variation in recovery, the removal had only a slight impact on assemblage structure because species that were abundant in pre-removal samples were also abundant in post-removal samples.

\n
\n
\n

4. The significance of interspecific variation in colonisation and recovery rates has been underappreciated because of the widely documented recovery of stream fish assemblages following fish kills and small-scale experimental defaunations. Our results indicate that recovery of the overall assemblage does not imply recovery of each component species. Populations of species that are rare and less mobile will recover more slowly and will be more vulnerable to extinction in systems where chemical spills, hydrological alteration, extreme droughts and other impacts are frequent.

\n
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2427.2009.02194.x","usgsCitation":"Angermeier, P.L., Albanese, B., and Peterson, J., 2009, Does mobility explain variation in colonisation and population recovery among stream fishes?: Freshwater Biology, v. 54, no. 7, p. 1444-1460, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2009.02194.x.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1444","endPage":"1460","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-009604","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306858,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.61654663085938,\n 37.475675484318714\n ],\n [\n -79.61654663085938,\n 37.54566616715801\n ],\n [\n -79.5303726196289,\n 37.54566616715801\n ],\n [\n -79.5303726196289,\n 37.475675484318714\n ],\n [\n -79.61654663085938,\n 37.475675484318714\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"54","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d4572ee4b0518e354694b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Angermeier, Paul L. biota@usgs.gov","contributorId":1432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angermeier","given":"Paul","email":"biota@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":613,"text":"Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":567834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Albanese, Brett","contributorId":146590,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Albanese","given":"Brett","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peterson, James T. 0000-0002-7709-8590 james_peterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8590","contributorId":2111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"James","email":"james_peterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":568398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":97351,"text":"b2209N - 2009 - Mineral Resource Assessment of Marine Sand Resources in Cape- and Ridge-Associated Marine Sand Deposits in Three Tracts, New York and New Jersey, United States Atlantic Continental Shelf","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:55","indexId":"b2209N","displayToPublicDate":"2009-03-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2209","chapter":"N","title":"Mineral Resource Assessment of Marine Sand Resources in Cape- and Ridge-Associated Marine Sand Deposits in Three Tracts, New York and New Jersey, United States Atlantic Continental Shelf","docAbstract":"Demand is growing in the United States and worldwide for information about the geology of offshore continental shelf regions, the character of the seafloor, and sediments comprising the seafloor and subbottom. Interest in locating sand bodies or high quality deposits that have potential as sources for beach nourishment and ecosystem restoration is especially great in some regions of the country. The Atlantic coast, particularly New York and New Jersey, has been the focus of these studies for the past 40 years with widely varying results. This study is the first attempt at applying probability statistics to modeling Holocene-age cape-and ridge-associated sand deposits and thus focuses on distinct sand body morphology. This modeling technique may have application for other continental shelf regions that have similar geologic character and late Quaternary sea-level transgression history. \r\n\r\nAn estimated volume of 3.9 billion m3 of marine sand resources is predicted in the cape-and ridge-associated marine sand deposits in three representative regions or tracts on the continental shelf offshore of New York and New Jersey. These estimates are taken from probabilistic distributions of sand resources and are produced using deposit models and Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) techniques. The estimated sand resources presented here are for only three tracts as described below and for Holocene age sand resources contained in cape-and ridge-associated marine sand deposit types within this area. Other areas may qualify as tracts for this deposit type and other deposit types and geologic ages (for example, paleo-stream channels, blanket and outwash deposits, ebb-tide shoals, and lower sea level-stand deltas), which are present on the New Jersey and New York continental shelf area but are not delineated and modeled in this initial evaluation. \r\n\r\nAdmittedly, only a portion of these probable sand resources will ultimately be available and suitable for production, dependent largely on geographic, economic, preemptive use, environmental, geologic and political factors. In addition, offshore sand resources should only be considered if the area is seaward of the active zone of significant nearshore sediment transport, about 10 to 12 m in depth, and in sufficiently shallow water so that sand can be extracted within U.S. dredging equipment limits, currently about 40 m in depth. If the material is to be used for beach nourishment, material must be of an appropriate sediment texture and character (grain size, sorting, shape, and color) to match the native beach and have mineralogical properties important to its use. Extraction of sand can disturb or alter the benthic habitat and seafloor ecology, so these factors and other site-specific effects will need to be evaluated for any intended use. These and other factors are not considered in this report but can be expected to reduce the total net volume of sand resources available for production. The purpose of this report is to describe and present results from a probabilistic mineral modeling technique previously applied to onshore mineral resources. This modeling and assessment procedure is being used for the first time to assess and estimate offshore aggregate resources; this study is part of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Marine Aggregates Resources and Processes Project (http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/project-pages/aggregates/). ","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to Industrial-Minerals Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b2209N","usgsCitation":"Bliss, J.D., Williams, S.J., and Arsenault, M.A., 2009, Mineral Resource Assessment of Marine Sand Resources in Cape- and Ridge-Associated Marine Sand Deposits in Three Tracts, New York and New Jersey, United States Atlantic Continental Shelf (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2209, iii, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2209N.","productDescription":"iii, 6 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":658,"text":"Western Mineral Resources","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196373,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12410,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2209-n/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.5,38 ], [ -75.5,41 ], [ -72,41 ], [ -72,38 ], [ -75.5,38 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635796","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bliss, James D. jbliss@usgs.gov","contributorId":2790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bliss","given":"James","email":"jbliss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, S. Jeffress 0000-0002-1326-7420 jwilliams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1326-7420","contributorId":2063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"S.","email":"jwilliams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Jeffress","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arsenault, Matthew A.","contributorId":22872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arsenault","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":97366,"text":"sir20095015 - 2009 - Estimating Locations of Perennial Streams in Idaho Using a Generalized Least-Squares Regression Model of 7-Day, 2-Year Low Flows","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:25","indexId":"sir20095015","displayToPublicDate":"2009-03-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5015","title":"Estimating Locations of Perennial Streams in Idaho Using a Generalized Least-Squares Regression Model of 7-Day, 2-Year Low Flows","docAbstract":"Many State and Federal agencies use information regarding the locations of streams having intermittent or perennial flow when making management and regulatory decisions. For example, the application of some Idaho water quality standards depends on whether streams are intermittent. Idaho Administrative Code defines an intermittent stream as one having a 7-day, 2-year low flow (7Q2) less than 0.1 ft3/s. However, there is a general recognition that the cartographic representation of perennial/intermittent status of streams on U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) topographic maps is not as accurate or consistent as desirable from one map to another, which makes broad management and regulatory assessments difficult and inconsistent. To help resolve this problem, the USGS has developed a methodology for predicting the locations of perennial streams based on regional generalized least-squares (GLS) regression equations for Idaho streams for the 7Q2 low-flow statistic. Using these regression equations, the 7Q2 streamflow may be estimated for naturally flowing streams in most areas in Idaho. The use of these equations in conjunction with a geographic information system (GIS) technique known as weighted flow accumulation allows for an automated and continuous estimation of 7Q2 streamflow at all points along stream reaches. The USGS has developed a GIS-based map of the locations of streams in Idaho with perennial flow based on a 7Q2 of 0.1 ft3/s and a transition zone of plus or minus 1 standard error. Idaho State cooperators plan to use this information to make regulatory and water-quality management decisions.\r\n\r\nOriginally, 7Q2 equations were developed for eight regions of similar hydrologic characteristics in the study area, using long-term data from 234 streamflow-gaging stations. Equations in five of the regions were revised based on spatial patterns observed in the initial perennial streams map and unrealistic behavior of the equations in extrapolation. The standard errors of prediction for the final equations ranged from a minimum of +75.0 to -42.9 percent in the central part of the study area to a maximum of +277 to -73.5 percent in the southern part of the study area. The equations are applicable only to unregulated, naturally-flowing streams and may produce unreliable results outside the range of explanatory variables used for equation development. Extrapolation outside the range of available data was necessary, however, to predict perennial flow initiation points and transition zones along stream reaches.\r\n\r\nThe map of perennial streams was evaluated by comparing predicted stream classifications with four independent datasets, including field observations by other government agencies. Overall, 81 percent of the comparison data points agreed with the USGS perennial streams model. Regions with the highest number of disagreements had a high percentage of mountainous and forested area with potential mountain front recharge zones, and regions with the highest agreements had a high percentage of low gradient, low elevation area. As a whole, the USGS model predicted a higher number of perennial streams than predictions made with the independent datasets. Some disagreements were due to poor site location coordinates, timing of the comparison site visits during unusually wet or dry years, discrepancies in classification criteria, and variable ground water contributions to flow in some areas.\r\n\r\nThe Idaho Department of Environmental Quality Beneficial Use Reconnaissance Program (BURP) dataset is considered the most representative dataset for comparison because it covered a range of climate conditions and the number of sites visited were consistent from year to year during the study period. Eighty-five percent of BURP comparison data points agreed with the USGS perennial streams model. Although site-specific flow data may be needed to correctly classify streams in some areas, this information rarely is available and is not always practical to o","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095015","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Idaho Department of Environmental Quality and the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Wood, M.S., Rea, A., Skinner, K.D., and Hortness, J., 2009, Estimating Locations of Perennial Streams in Idaho Using a Generalized Least-Squares Regression Model of 7-Day, 2-Year Low Flows: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5015, vi, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095015.","productDescription":"vi, 27 p.","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195400,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12425,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5015/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120,40.5 ], [ -120,49 ], [ -108,49 ], [ -108,40.5 ], [ -120,40.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc9e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Molly S. 0000-0002-5184-8306 mswood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5184-8306","contributorId":788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Molly","email":"mswood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rea, Alan","contributorId":41018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rea","given":"Alan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Skinner, Kenneth D. 0000-0003-1774-6565 kskinner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1774-6565","contributorId":1836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skinner","given":"Kenneth","email":"kskinner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hortness, Jon 0000-0002-9809-2876 hortness@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9809-2876","contributorId":3601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hortness","given":"Jon","email":"hortness@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":97364,"text":"ds412 - 2009 - Estimated Perennial Streams of Idaho and Related Geospatial Datasets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-04T10:53:56","indexId":"ds412","displayToPublicDate":"2009-03-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"412","title":"Estimated Perennial Streams of Idaho and Related Geospatial Datasets","docAbstract":"The perennial or intermittent status of a stream has bearing on many regulatory requirements. Because of changing technologies over time, cartographic representation of perennial/intermittent status of streams on U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) topographic maps is not always accurate and (or) consistent from one map sheet to another. Idaho Administrative Code defines an intermittent stream as one having a 7-day, 2-year low flow (7Q2) less than 0.1 cubic feet per second. To establish consistency with the Idaho Administrative Code, the USGS developed regional regression equations for Idaho streams for several low-flow statistics, including 7Q2. Using these regression equations, the 7Q2 streamflow may be estimated for naturally flowing streams anywhere in Idaho to help determine perennial/intermittent status of streams. Using these equations in conjunction with a Geographic Information System (GIS) technique known as weighted flow accumulation allows for an automated and continuous estimation of 7Q2 streamflow at all points along a stream, which in turn can be used to determine if a stream is intermittent or perennial according to the Idaho Administrative Code operational definition. \n\nThe selected regression equations were applied to create continuous grids of 7Q2 estimates for the eight low-flow regression regions of Idaho. By applying the 0.1 ft3/s criterion, the perennial streams have been estimated in each low-flow region. Uncertainty in the estimates is shown by identifying a 'transitional' zone, corresponding to flow estimates of 0.1 ft3/s plus and minus one standard error. \n\nConsiderable additional uncertainty exists in the model of perennial streams presented in this report. The regression models provide overall estimates based on general trends within each regression region. These models do not include local factors such as a large spring or a losing reach that may greatly affect flows at any given point. Site-specific flow data, assuming a sufficient period of record, generally would be considered to represent flow conditions better at a given site than flow estimates based on regionalized regression models. The geospatial datasets of modeled perennial streams are considered a first-cut estimate, and should not be construed to override site-specific flow data.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds412","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Idaho Department of Environmental Quality and the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Rea, A., and Skinner, K.D., 2009, Estimated Perennial Streams of Idaho and Related Geospatial Datasets: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 412, Report: vi, 33 p.; Appendixes; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds412.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 33 p.; Appendixes; Metadata","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273178,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/ds412_perennialstreamsevents.xml"},{"id":273177,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/ds412_archydrohucs.xml"},{"id":195596,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12423,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/412/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":273176,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/ds412_archydroglobal.xml"},{"id":273180,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/ds412_statewidelayers.xml"},{"id":273181,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/ds412_syntheticperennialstreams.xml"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120,40.5 ], [ -120,49 ], [ -108,49 ], [ -108,40.5 ], [ -120,40.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdcd4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rea, Alan","contributorId":41018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rea","given":"Alan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Skinner, Kenneth D. 0000-0003-1774-6565 kskinner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1774-6565","contributorId":1836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skinner","given":"Kenneth","email":"kskinner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97347,"text":"sir20085184 - 2009 - Processing, Analysis, and General Evaluation of Well-Driller Logs for Estimating Hydrogeologic Parameters of the Glacial Sediments in a Ground-Water Flow Model of the Lake Michigan Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-09T11:15:34","indexId":"sir20085184","displayToPublicDate":"2009-03-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5184","title":"Processing, Analysis, and General Evaluation of Well-Driller Logs for Estimating Hydrogeologic Parameters of the Glacial Sediments in a Ground-Water Flow Model of the Lake Michigan Basin","docAbstract":"

In 2005, the U.S. Geological Survey began a pilot study for the National Assessment of Water Availability and Use Program to assess the availability of water and water use in the Great Lakes Basin. Part of the study involves constructing a ground-water flow model for the Lake Michigan part of the Basin. Most ground-water flow occurs in the glacial sediments above the bedrock formations; therefore, adequate representation by the model of the horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity of the glacial sediments is important to the accuracy of model simulations. This work processed and analyzed well records to provide the hydrogeologic parameters of horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity and ground-water levels for the model layers used to simulated ground-water flow in the glacial sediments. The methods used to convert (1) lithology descriptions into assumed values of horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity for entire model layers, (2) aquifer-test data into point values of horizontal hydraulic conductivity, and (3) static water levels into water-level calibration data are presented. A large data set of about 458,000 well driller well logs for monitoring, observation, and water wells was available from three statewide electronic data bases to characterize hydrogeologic parameters. More than 1.8 million records of lithology from the well logs were used to create a lithologic-based representation of horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity of the glacial sediments. Specific-capacity data from about 292,000 well logs were converted into horizontal hydraulic conductivity values to determine specific values of horizontal hydraulic conductivity and its aerial variation. About 396,000 well logs contained data on ground-water levels that were assembled into a water-level calibration data set. A lithology-based distribution of hydraulic conductivity was created by use of a computer program to convert well-log lithology descriptions into aquifer or nonaquifer categories and to calculate equivalent horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivities (K and KZ, respectively) for each of the glacial layers of the model. The K was based on an assumed value of 100 ft/d (feet per day) for aquifer materials and 1 ft/d for nonaquifer materials, whereas the equivalent KZ was based on an assumed value of 10 ft/d for aquifer materials and 0.001 ft/d for nonaquifer materials. These values were assumed for convenience to determine a relative contrast between aquifer and nonaquifer materials. The point values of K and KZ from wells that penetrate at least 50 percent of a model layer were interpolated into a grid of values. The K distribution was based on an inverse distance weighting equation that used an exponent of 2. The KZ distribution used inverse distance weighting with an exponent of 4 to represent the abrupt change in KZ that commonly occurs between aquifer and nonaquifer materials. The values of equivalent hydraulic conductivity for aquifer sediments needed to be adjusted to actual values in the study area for the ground-water flow modeling. The specific-capacity data (discharge, drawdown, and time data) from the well logs were input to a modified version of the Theis equation to calculate specific capacity based horizontal hydraulic conductivity values (KSC). The KSC values were used as a guide for adjusting the assumed value of 100 ft/d for aquifer deposits to actual values used in the model. Water levels from well logs were processed to improve reliability of water levels for comparison to simulated water levels in a model layer during model calibration. Water levels were interpolated by kriging to determine a composite water-level surface. The difference between the kriged surface and individual water levels was used to identify outlier water levels. Examination of the well-log lithology data in map form revealed that the data were not only useful for model input, but also were useful for understanding th

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20085184","isbn":"9781411323025","usgsCitation":"Arihood, L.D., 2009, Processing, Analysis, and General Evaluation of Well-Driller Logs for Estimating Hydrogeologic Parameters of the Glacial Sediments in a Ground-Water Flow Model of the Lake Michigan Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5184, vi, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085184.","productDescription":"vi, 26 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2005-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195103,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20085184.GIF"},{"id":12405,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5184/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -90.5,41.5 ], [ -90.5,47 ], [ -82,47 ], [ -82,41.5 ], [ -90.5,41.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64aedb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arihood, Leslie D. 0000-0001-5792-3699 larihood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5792-3699","contributorId":2357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arihood","given":"Leslie","email":"larihood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":97350,"text":"pp1759 - 2009 - Post-Miocene Right Separation on the San Gabriel and Vasquez Creek Faults, with Supporting Chronostratigraphy, Western San Gabriel Mountains, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:55","indexId":"pp1759","displayToPublicDate":"2009-03-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1759","title":"Post-Miocene Right Separation on the San Gabriel and Vasquez Creek Faults, with Supporting Chronostratigraphy, Western San Gabriel Mountains, California","docAbstract":"The right lateral San Gabriel Fault Zone in southern California extends from the northwestern corner of the Ridge Basin southeastward to the eastern end of the San Gabriel Mountains. It bifurcates to the southeast in the northwestern San Gabriel Mountains. The northern and older branch curves eastward in the range interior. The southern younger branch, the Vasquez Creek Fault, curves southeastward to merge with the Sierra Madre Fault Zone, which separates the San Gabriel Mountains from the northern Los Angeles Basin margin. An isolated exposure of partly macrofossiliferous nearshore shallow-marine sandstone, designated the Gold Canyon beds, is part of the southwest wall of the fault zone 5.5 km northwest of the bifurcation. These beds contain multiple subordinate breccia-conglomerate lenses and are overlain unconformably by folded Pliocene-Pleistocene Saugus Formation fanglomerate. The San Gabriel Fault Zone cuts both units. \r\n\r\nMarine macrofossils from the Gold Canyon beds give an age of 5.2+-0.3 Ma by 87Sr/86Sr analyses. Magnetic polarity stratigraphy dates deposition of the overlying Saugus Formation to between 2.6 Ma and 0.78 Ma. Distinctive metaplutonic rocks of the Mount Lowe intrusive suite in the San Gabriel Range are the source of certain clasts in both the Gold Canyon beds and Saugus Formation. Angular clasts of nondurable Paleocene sandstone also occur in the Gold Canyon beds. The large size and angularity of some of the largest of both clast types in breccia-conglomerate lenses of the beds suggest landslides or debris flows from steep terrain. Sources of Mount Lowe clasts, originally to the north or northeast, are now displaced southeastward by faulting and are located between the San Gabriel and Vasquez Creek faults, indicating as much as 12+-2 km of post-Miocene Vasquez Creek Fault right separation, in accord with some prior estimates. Post-Miocene right slip thus transferred onto the Vasquez Creek Fault southeast of the bifurcation. The right separation on the Vasquez Creek Fault adds to the generally accepted 22-23 km of middle-late Miocene right separation established for the San Gabriel Fault east of the bifurcation, resulting in total right separation of 34-35 km northwest of the bifurcation. \r\n\r\nClast sizes and lithologies in Saugus Formation deformed alluvial fan deposits in the Gold and Little Tujunga Canyons area indicate that alluvial stream flow was from the north or north-northeast. The alluvial fan complex is beheaded at the San Gabriel Fault Zone, and no correlative deposits have been found north of the fault zone. Likely sources of several distinctive clast types are east of the bifurcation and north of the Vasquez Creek Fault. Combining these data with right slip caused by the 34 deg +-6 deg of clockwise local block rotation suggests that post-Saugus Formation (<2.6 to 0.78 Ma) right separation along the fault zone is 4+-2 km. \r\n\r\nThe fossils, lithology, and age of the Gold Canyon beds correlate with the basal Pico Formation. The beds presumably connected southward or southwestward to a more open marine setting. A search for correlative strata to the south and southwest found that some strata previously mapped as Towsley Formation correlate with the Modelo Formation. Oyster spat in some Modelo Formation beds are the first recorded fossil occurrences and are especially remarkable because of associations with Miocene bathyal benthic foraminifers, planktonic calcareous nannofossils, and diatoms. Topanga Group basalt resting on basement rocks between Little and Big Tujunga Canyons gives an age of 16.14+-0.05 Ma from 40Ar/39Ar analysis. Improved understanding of the upper Miocene stratigraphy indicates large early movement on the eastern Santa Susana Fault at about 7-6 Ma.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1759","isbn":"9781411323308","usgsCitation":"Beyer, L.A., McCulloh, T.H., Denison, R.E., Morin, R.W., Enrico, R.J., Barron, J.A., and Fleck, R.J., 2009, Post-Miocene Right Separation on the San Gabriel and Vasquez Creek Faults, with Supporting Chronostratigraphy, Western San Gabriel Mountains, California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1759, iv, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1759.","productDescription":"iv, 44 p.","costCenters":[{"id":647,"text":"Western Earth Surface Processes","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196336,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp1759.jpg"},{"id":12409,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1759/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119,34 ], [ -119,35 ], [ -117.5,35 ], [ -117.5,34 ], [ -119,34 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db683afc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beyer, Larry A. lbeyer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beyer","given":"Larry","email":"lbeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCulloh, Thane H.","contributorId":100450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCulloh","given":"Thane","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Denison, Rodger E.","contributorId":42994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denison","given":"Rodger","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morin, Ronald W.","contributorId":106182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morin","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Enrico, Roy J.","contributorId":53913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enrico","given":"Roy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Barron, John A. 0000-0002-9309-1145 jbarron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-1145","contributorId":2222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barron","given":"John","email":"jbarron@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fleck, Robert J. 0000-0002-3149-8249 fleck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3149-8249","contributorId":1048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleck","given":"Robert","email":"fleck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":97355,"text":"sir20095045 - 2009 - Status and Trends of Sea Otter Populations in Southeast Alaska, 1969-2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-13T12:11:41","indexId":"sir20095045","displayToPublicDate":"2009-03-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5045","title":"Status and Trends of Sea Otter Populations in Southeast Alaska, 1969-2003","docAbstract":"

Aerial surveys of all known sea otter (Enhydra lutris) habitat in Southeast Alaska (SE AK) in 2002-2003 indicated a population size of 8,949 otters [Standard Error (SE) = 899] at an average density of 0.92 otters per square kilometer. These findings on sea otter distribution and abundance were compared to results from several previous surveys. Sea otters have expanded their range beyond the outer coast of SE AK and currently occupy inside waters such as Glacier Bay and Sumner Strait. This range expansion, along with archeological evidence, supports the hypothesis that sea otters are capable of colonizing inside waters in SE AK. Inside Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, in northern SE AK, sea otter abundance has increased from 5 in 1995 to 1,266 (SE = 196) in 2002, more than doubling on an average annual basis, indicating immigration and reproduction as factors contributing to population growth. In the remainder of northern SE AK, the estimated abundance has declined from 2,295 in 1987 to 1,838 (SE = 307) in 2002. In southern SE AK, the abundance of sea otters increased from 2,167 in 1988 to 5,845 (SE = 821) in 2003. Overall, population growth rates for sea otters in SE AK between 1987 and 2003 are much lower than rates from previous studies and were unexpected given the amount of unoccupied habitat available in SE AK. Divergent population trajectories were evident between the southern (6.6 percent per year) and northern areas of SE AK (2.0 percent per year). These differences suggest variation in reproductive or survival rates between the areas. Harvest levels between 1989 and 2003 may have had a measurable effect on sea otter populations in SE AK. Available data on age and sex specific fecundity and survival rates could be used to develop age- and sex-structured population matrix models to help guide management and conservation of sea otter populations.

","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095045","issn":"2328-031X","collaboration":"Jointly supported by the U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve","usgsCitation":"Esslinger, G.G., and Bodkin, J.L., 2009, Status and Trends of Sea Otter Populations in Southeast Alaska, 1969-2003: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5045, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095045.","productDescription":"19 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124867,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5045.jpg"},{"id":12414,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5045/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db6976ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Esslinger, George G. 0000-0002-3459-0083 gesslinger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3459-0083","contributorId":131009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esslinger","given":"George","email":"gesslinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97352,"text":"sir20095003 - 2009 - Ground-water-withdrawal component of the Michigan water-withdrawal screening tool","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-23T10:38:47","indexId":"sir20095003","displayToPublicDate":"2009-03-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5003","title":"Ground-water-withdrawal component of the Michigan water-withdrawal screening tool","docAbstract":"

A water-withdrawal assessment process and Internet-based screening tool have been developed to evaluate proposed new or increased high-capacity water withdrawals in Michigan. Michigan legislation defines high capacity withdrawals as those capable of removing an average of 100,000 gallons per day for a consecutive 30-day period. This report describes the ground-water component of the screening tool, provides background information used to develop the screening tool, and documents how this component of the screening tool is implemented. The screening tool is based on application of an analytical model to estimate streamflow depletion by a proposed pumping well. The screening tool is designed to evaluate intermittent pumping, to account for the dynamics of stream-aquifer interaction, and to apportion streamflow depletion among neighboring streams. The tool is to be used for an initial screening of a proposed new or increased high-capacity withdrawal in order to identify withdrawals that may cause adverse resource impacts. The screening tool is not intended to be a site-specific design tool. Results of an example application of the screening tool in Kalamazoo County, Mich., are compared to streamflow depletion estimated by use of a regional ground-water-flow model to demonstrate its performance.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20095003","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, University of Michigan-Institute for Fisheries Research, and Michigan State University-Institute for Water Research","usgsCitation":"Reeves, H.W., Hamilton, D.A., Seelbach, P.W., and Asher, A., 2009, Ground-water-withdrawal component of the Michigan water-withdrawal screening tool (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5003, v, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095003.","productDescription":"v, 36 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333693,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12411,"rank":99,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5003/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-85.825955,45.404296],[-85.833516,45.378175],[-85.88301,45.443479],[-85.834891,45.428356],[-85.825955,45.404296]]],[[[-86.093536,45.007838],[-86.133655,44.996874],[-86.154824,45.002394],[-86.156689,45.010535],[-86.141644,45.040251],[-86.117908,45.048478],[-86.079103,45.030795],[-86.100315,45.02624],[-86.093536,45.007838]]],[[[-86.033174,45.15842],[-85.993194,45.152805],[-85.976803,45.138363],[-85.984095,45.087073],[-85.976883,45.06266],[-85.99736,45.055929],[-86.058653,45.100776],[-86.065016,45.140266],[-86.050473,45.158418],[-86.033174,45.15842]]],[[[-88.684434,48.115785],[-88.656915,48.139225],[-88.547033,48.174891],[-88.524753,48.165291],[-88.501088,48.168181],[-88.482039,48.179915],[-88.422601,48.190975],[-88.418244,48.18037],[-88.419875,48.170731],[-88.459697,48.158551],[-88.566938,48.093719],[-88.578053,48.084373],[-88.579784,48.058669],[-88.670073,48.011446],[-88.899184,47.9533],[-88.962664,47.923512],[-88.968903,47.901675],[-88.942387,47.895436],[-88.899698,47.902445],[-88.911665,47.891344],[-89.157738,47.824015],[-89.19017,47.831603],[-89.201812,47.850243],[-89.234533,47.851718],[-89.228507,47.858039],[-89.255202,47.876102],[-89.179154,47.93503],[-88.940886,48.01959],[-88.915032,48.020681],[-88.835714,48.056752],[-88.787556,48.063035],[-88.764256,48.085189],[-88.684434,48.115785]]],[[[-84.612845,45.834528],[-84.650783,45.85921],[-84.646876,45.884642],[-84.622515,45.87753],[-84.578328,45.820092],[-84.432472,45.786732],[-84.421267,45.792694],[-84.42159,45.805651],[-84.403208,45.784394],[-84.35602,45.771895],[-84.372248,45.745784],[-84.405852,45.722417],[-84.484128,45.73071],[-84.612845,45.834528]]],[[[-85.524448,45.829794],[-85.450206,45.796677],[-85.450206,45.776452],[-85.462581,45.765864],[-85.507263,45.778237],[-85.532009,45.798172],[-85.524448,45.829794]]],[[[-85.696872,45.69725],[-85.701809,45.736129],[-85.688849,45.747238],[-85.651866,45.743139],[-85.649353,45.722552],[-85.672187,45.696633],[-85.696872,45.69725]]],[[[-85.360952,45.817554],[-85.351434,45.795663],[-85.359048,45.776627],[-85.377132,45.769013],[-85.394264,45.778531],[-85.377132,45.812795],[-85.360952,45.817554]]],[[[-85.566441,45.760222],[-85.53562,45.750394],[-85.506133,45.754715],[-85.497656,45.746246],[-85.515145,45.749451],[-85.520803,45.737247],[-85.498777,45.726291],[-85.494016,45.698476],[-85.506104,45.681148],[-85.490252,45.652122],[-85.487026,45.621211],[-85.534064,45.578198],[-85.561634,45.572213],[-85.618049,45.582647],[-85.630016,45.598166],[-85.604521,45.639256],[-85.604881,45.681932],[-85.572309,45.711449],[-85.566441,45.760222]]],[[[-86.626187,45.573581],[-86.622023,45.55633],[-86.636895,45.542053],[-86.648792,45.543243],[-86.661284,45.574176],[-86.712328,45.610939],[-86.67727,45.613689],[-86.626187,45.573581]]],[[[-83.880387,41.720089],[-84.806082,41.696089],[-84.805883,41.760216],[-86.823628,41.76024],[-86.717037,41.819349],[-86.619442,41.893827],[-86.582197,41.942241],[-86.485223,42.118239],[-86.356218,42.254166],[-86.297168,42.358207],[-86.261573,42.443894],[-86.226037,42.592811],[-86.22905,42.637693],[-86.206834,42.719424],[-86.210737,42.859128],[-86.232707,43.015762],[-86.280756,43.136015],[-86.407832,43.338436],[-86.479276,43.515335],[-86.529507,43.593462],[-86.540916,43.633158],[-86.529686,43.676849],[-86.463436,43.744687],[-86.43114,43.815569],[-86.462756,43.969655],[-86.508827,44.032755],[-86.514704,44.057672],[-86.421576,44.128962],[-86.362847,44.208113],[-86.343793,44.249608],[-86.26871,44.345324],[-86.248083,44.420946],[-86.248914,44.483004],[-86.220697,44.566742],[-86.22545,44.59459],[-86.259029,44.663654],[-86.256796,44.686769],[-86.232482,44.70605],[-86.09074,44.740544],[-86.074658,44.766792],[-86.065966,44.821522],[-86.072468,44.884788],[-86.066745,44.905685],[-86.038332,44.915696],[-86.021513,44.902774],[-85.992535,44.900026],[-85.9316,44.968788],[-85.897626,44.962014],[-85.869852,44.939031],[-85.807403,44.949814],[-85.780439,44.977932],[-85.771395,45.015181],[-85.746444,45.051229],[-85.695715,45.076461],[-85.656024,45.145788],[-85.618639,45.186771],[-85.606963,45.178477],[-85.585986,45.180381],[-85.551072,45.210742],[-85.540497,45.210169],[-85.526734,45.189316],[-85.531461,45.177247],[-85.564897,45.153962],[-85.599801,45.149286],[-85.614319,45.127562],[-85.583198,45.071304],[-85.566066,45.059201],[-85.56613,45.043633],[-85.597181,45.040547],[-85.599652,45.021749],[-85.621878,45.004529],[-85.602356,44.974272],[-85.602034,44.926743],[-85.621403,44.923123],[-85.645456,44.883645],[-85.652355,44.849092],[-85.637,44.790078],[-85.640781,44.775561],[-85.627982,44.767508],[-85.593833,44.768651],[-85.581717,44.807784],[-85.532931,44.87319],[-85.530729,44.889182],[-85.559524,44.888113],[-85.564509,44.895246],[-85.533553,44.925762],[-85.520034,44.973996],[-85.475204,44.991053],[-85.464944,44.961062],[-85.48574,44.953626],[-85.500872,44.85883],[-85.555894,44.818256],[-85.57517,44.762766],[-85.554774,44.748917],[-85.527216,44.748235],[-85.504775,44.768082],[-85.509251,44.787334],[-85.499591,44.803838],[-85.462943,44.825044],[-85.3958,44.931018],[-85.378286,44.998587],[-85.380659,45.046319],[-85.366412,45.069023],[-85.366908,45.116938],[-85.386726,45.189497],[-85.388593,45.23524],[-85.371593,45.270834],[-85.307646,45.31314],[-85.262996,45.319507],[-85.196704,45.360641],[-85.143651,45.370369],[-85.032813,45.361251],[-84.91585,45.393115],[-84.912956,45.409776],[-84.922006,45.421914],[-84.990041,45.427618],[-84.978373,45.420171],[-85.040272,45.436509],[-85.087756,45.476335],[-85.115479,45.539406],[-85.119026,45.573002],[-85.07491,45.629242],[-85.007026,45.65636],[-84.942636,45.714292],[-84.951745,45.737326],[-85.011433,45.757962],[-85.00741,45.763168],[-84.805114,45.746378],[-84.781995,45.760345],[-84.7798,45.76965],[-84.79229,45.778464],[-84.780313,45.787224],[-84.734065,45.788205],[-84.715996,45.766174],[-84.573631,45.710381],[-84.46168,45.652404],[-84.442348,45.654771],[-84.427495,45.669201],[-84.376403,45.655565],[-84.329537,45.66438],[-84.215268,45.634767],[-84.128867,45.562284],[-84.122309,45.523788],[-84.095905,45.497298],[-84.056138,45.489349],[-84.028813,45.497225],[-83.939261,45.493189],[-83.909472,45.485784],[-83.806622,45.419159],[-83.721815,45.413304],[-83.599273,45.352561],[-83.570361,45.347198],[-83.538306,45.358167],[-83.514717,45.34646],[-83.488826,45.355872],[-83.422486,45.290989],[-83.381743,45.268983],[-83.41241,45.238905],[-83.363678,45.166469],[-83.316118,45.141958],[-83.30788,45.099093],[-83.265896,45.026844],[-83.340257,45.041545],[-83.36747,45.062268],[-83.399255,45.070364],[-83.433798,45.057616],[-83.453363,45.035331],[-83.446342,45.016655],[-83.431254,45.007998],[-83.450013,44.990219],[-83.433032,44.93289],[-83.404596,44.918761],[-83.39396,44.903056],[-83.320503,44.880571],[-83.321241,44.852962],[-83.300648,44.829831],[-83.296265,44.743502],[-83.274674,44.70477],[-83.287802,44.657703],[-83.31445,44.608926],[-83.308471,44.539902],[-83.326824,44.444411],[-83.321553,44.409119],[-83.333757,44.372486],[-83.332533,44.340464],[-83.343738,44.329763],[-83.373607,44.327784],[-83.414301,44.294543],[-83.425762,44.272487],[-83.442731,44.265361],[-83.460958,44.278176],[-83.500392,44.27661],[-83.53771,44.248171],[-83.567744,44.155899],[-83.573071,44.101298],[-83.591361,44.079237],[-83.58409,44.056748],[-83.650116,44.052404],[-83.679654,44.036365],[-83.687892,44.020709],[-83.680108,43.994196],[-83.76283,43.985361],[-83.82808,43.989003],[-83.877047,43.959351],[-83.890912,43.923314],[-83.907388,43.918062],[-83.916815,43.89905],[-83.929375,43.777091],[-83.945426,43.759946],[-83.954792,43.760932],[-83.939297,43.715369],[-83.909479,43.672622],[-83.852076,43.644922],[-83.770693,43.628691],[-83.769886,43.634924],[-83.725793,43.618691],[-83.703446,43.597646],[-83.669795,43.59079],[-83.553707,43.685432],[-83.540187,43.708746],[-83.515853,43.718157],[-83.506657,43.710907],[-83.48007,43.714636],[-83.470053,43.723418],[-83.440171,43.761694],[-83.446752,43.77186],[-83.438311,43.786846],[-83.411453,43.805033],[-83.407647,43.831998],[-83.33227,43.880522],[-83.331788,43.893901],[-83.347365,43.91216],[-83.30569,43.922489],[-83.28231,43.938031],[-83.26185,43.969021],[-83.227093,43.981003],[-83.058741,44.006224],[-83.024604,44.045174],[-82.990728,44.048846],[-82.967439,44.066138],[-82.915976,44.070503],[-82.889831,44.050952],[-82.793205,44.023247],[-82.783198,44.009366],[-82.746255,43.996037],[-82.678642,43.88373],[-82.65545,43.867883],[-82.643166,43.852468],[-82.647784,43.842684],[-82.633641,43.831224],[-82.612224,43.739771],[-82.597911,43.590016],[-82.539517,43.437539],[-82.523086,43.225361],[-82.486684,43.104688],[-82.415937,43.005555],[-82.42455,42.993393],[-82.412965,42.977041],[-82.455027,42.926866],[-82.469912,42.887459],[-82.468961,42.852314],[-82.482045,42.808629],[-82.467483,42.76191],[-82.510533,42.665172],[-82.518782,42.613888],[-82.589779,42.550678],[-82.640916,42.554973],[-82.686417,42.518597],[-82.664335,42.546244],[-82.680758,42.557909],[-82.688061,42.588417],[-82.701152,42.585991],[-82.713042,42.597904],[-82.683482,42.609433],[-82.690124,42.625033],[-82.669103,42.637225],[-82.645715,42.631145],[-82.630922,42.64211],[-82.623043,42.655951],[-82.630851,42.673341],[-82.700964,42.689548],[-82.813518,42.640833],[-82.819017,42.616333],[-82.789017,42.603434],[-82.782414,42.564834],[-82.834216,42.567849],[-82.874416,42.523535],[-82.883915,42.471836],[-82.870572,42.451235],[-82.894013,42.389437],[-82.915114,42.378137],[-82.928815,42.359437],[-82.92397,42.352068],[-83.064121,42.317738],[-83.096521,42.290138],[-83.128022,42.238839],[-83.133923,42.17474],[-83.121323,42.125742],[-83.133511,42.088143],[-83.157624,42.085542],[-83.188598,42.066431],[-83.181475,42.019301],[-83.187246,42.007573],[-83.208647,42.00504],[-83.216835,41.98862],[-83.248741,41.972735],[-83.269521,41.939042],[-83.292761,41.944616],[-83.315859,41.935893],[-83.341557,41.879956],[-83.366187,41.865505],[-83.379705,41.871729],[-83.40822,41.832654],[-83.436298,41.816471],[-83.443364,41.789118],[-83.42418,41.741042],[-83.503433,41.731547],[-83.880387,41.720089]]],[[[-88.116846,45.921703],[-88.189789,45.952208],[-88.209585,45.94428],[-88.239672,45.948982],[-88.249117,45.963663],[-88.292381,45.951115],[-88.316894,45.960969],[-88.326003,45.9553],[-88.334628,45.968808],[-88.380183,45.991654],[-88.414849,45.975483],[-88.458658,45.999391],[-88.492495,45.992157],[-88.509516,46.019169],[-88.565485,46.015708],[-88.589,46.005077],[-88.598093,46.017623],[-88.613063,45.990627],[-88.663697,45.989084],[-88.674606,46.010567],[-88.698716,46.017903],[-88.718397,46.013284],[-88.730675,46.026535],[-88.776187,46.015931],[-88.784411,46.032709],[-88.811948,46.021609],[-88.837991,46.030176],[-89.09163,46.138505],[-90.120489,46.336852],[-90.116844,46.355153],[-90.157851,46.409291],[-90.163422,46.434605],[-90.220532,46.503403],[-90.263018,46.502777],[-90.277131,46.524487],[-90.312581,46.517113],[-90.310329,46.536852],[-90.331887,46.553278],[-90.344338,46.552087],[-90.349462,46.53808],[-90.39332,46.532615],[-90.41562,46.563169],[-90.327626,46.607744],[-90.306609,46.602741],[-90.164026,46.645515],[-90.028392,46.67439],[-89.918466,46.740324],[-89.846962,46.796556],[-89.790663,46.818469],[-89.678469,46.832923],[-89.619329,46.81889],[-89.516895,46.841025],[-89.415154,46.843983],[-89.228362,46.912751],[-89.128698,46.992599],[-89.086742,46.985298],[-89.02893,47.00114],[-88.998907,46.99531],[-88.972802,47.002096],[-88.925586,47.040923],[-88.890708,47.099024],[-88.848176,47.115065],[-88.816684,47.139938],[-88.764351,47.155762],[-88.676624,47.216918],[-88.573997,47.245989],[-88.498756,47.295256],[-88.418841,47.371058],[-88.285635,47.422146],[-88.23944,47.429923],[-88.217822,47.448738],[-88.040291,47.475999],[-87.801184,47.473301],[-87.715942,47.439816],[-87.710471,47.4062],[-87.75138,47.405066],[-87.815371,47.38479],[-87.8567,47.395387],[-87.957058,47.38726],[-87.965598,47.368645],[-87.938787,47.346777],[-87.94336,47.335899],[-88.06009,47.295796],[-88.163059,47.216278],[-88.227552,47.199938],[-88.242109,47.172184],[-88.239487,47.151176],[-88.231797,47.149609],[-88.239895,47.139436],[-88.262537,47.145087],[-88.281652,47.138239],[-88.297547,47.098639],[-88.346501,47.079407],[-88.367624,47.019213],[-88.410157,46.978782],[-88.443901,46.972251],[-88.474217,46.889034],[-88.483748,46.831727],[-88.462349,46.786711],[-88.438427,46.786714],[-88.38141,46.838466],[-88.375577,46.857313],[-88.352145,46.857009],[-88.244437,46.929612],[-88.145561,46.966409],[-88.132957,46.962237],[-88.185964,46.920025],[-88.175197,46.90458],[-88.083937,46.920112],[-88.004298,46.906982],[-87.900695,46.909682],[-87.847037,46.884163],[-87.816794,46.891154],[-87.783216,46.879927],[-87.766243,46.861446],[-87.741857,46.865274],[-87.72588,46.827426],[-87.69459,46.827182],[-87.681561,46.842392],[-87.662261,46.815157],[-87.6333,46.812107],[-87.595307,46.78295],[-87.581674,46.729399],[-87.523308,46.688488],[-87.503238,46.647796],[-87.469023,46.635918],[-87.464108,46.614811],[-87.442612,46.602776],[-87.383961,46.59307],[-87.381649,46.580059],[-87.392974,46.572523],[-87.375613,46.54714],[-87.393985,46.533183],[-87.352448,46.501324],[-87.259116,46.488283],[-87.12744,46.494014],[-87.008724,46.532723],[-86.964534,46.516549],[-86.947077,46.472064],[-86.903742,46.466138],[-86.889094,46.458499],[-86.883919,46.441514],[-86.850111,46.434114],[-86.816026,46.437892],[-86.803557,46.466669],[-86.768516,46.479072],[-86.735929,46.475231],[-86.70323,46.439378],[-86.686412,46.454965],[-86.683819,46.498079],[-86.701929,46.511571],[-86.709325,46.543914],[-86.678182,46.561039],[-86.656479,46.558453],[-86.62738,46.53371],[-86.646393,46.485776],[-86.627441,46.47754],[-86.612173,46.493295],[-86.609039,46.470239],[-86.586168,46.463324],[-86.469306,46.551422],[-86.437167,46.54896],[-86.34989,46.578035],[-86.161681,46.669475],[-86.138295,46.672935],[-86.119862,46.657256],[-86.099843,46.654615],[-85.877908,46.690914],[-85.751345,46.67743],[-85.50951,46.675786],[-85.257999,46.753078],[-85.173042,46.763634],[-85.063556,46.757856],[-84.954009,46.771362],[-85.007616,46.728339],[-85.027513,46.697451],[-85.037056,46.600995],[-85.025491,46.546397],[-85.056133,46.52652],[-85.049847,46.503963],[-85.025598,46.483028],[-84.969464,46.47629],[-84.937145,46.489252],[-84.921931,46.469962],[-84.861448,46.46993],[-84.829491,46.444071],[-84.769151,46.453523],[-84.678423,46.487694],[-84.63102,46.484868],[-84.573522,46.427895],[-84.551496,46.418522],[-84.503719,46.43919],[-84.471848,46.434289],[-84.455527,46.453897],[-84.463322,46.467435],[-84.445149,46.489016],[-84.420274,46.501077],[-84.343599,46.507713],[-84.275814,46.492821],[-84.254434,46.500821],[-84.226131,46.53392],[-84.193729,46.53992],[-84.177428,46.52692],[-84.128925,46.530119],[-84.111225,46.504119],[-84.146172,46.41852],[-84.138906,46.372221],[-84.106247,46.321963],[-84.119629,46.315013],[-84.115563,46.268225],[-84.097766,46.256512],[-84.118175,46.233968],[-84.14595,46.224995],[-84.182732,46.23545],[-84.219494,46.231992],[-84.249164,46.206461],[-84.247687,46.17989],[-84.221001,46.163062],[-84.196669,46.16615],[-84.177298,46.183993],[-84.125022,46.180209],[-84.100126,46.15077],[-84.026536,46.131648],[-84.061329,46.113482],[-84.072398,46.09669],[-84.066257,46.087438],[-83.989526,46.032823],[-83.943933,46.031465],[-83.900535,45.998918],[-83.873147,45.993426],[-83.845399,46.025679],[-83.830146,46.022324],[-83.818202,46.002425],[-83.794055,45.995801],[-83.765277,46.018363],[-83.773785,46.051471],[-83.796555,46.056688],[-83.81252,46.073469],[-83.824036,46.103638],[-83.815826,46.108529],[-83.771821,46.090999],[-83.728165,46.090957],[-83.703861,46.103366],[-83.63498,46.103953],[-83.581315,46.089613],[-83.547202,46.047868],[-83.532913,46.011328],[-83.473946,45.988558],[-83.510623,45.929324],[-83.561838,45.912562],[-83.65766,45.945463],[-83.687695,45.935389],[-83.78611,45.933375],[-83.803332,45.943362],[-83.835505,45.941843],[-83.840869,45.952726],[-83.879616,45.966196],[-83.921257,45.958075],[-83.985141,45.967133],[-84.017565,45.959046],[-84.090391,45.967256],[-84.111174,45.978675],[-84.169368,45.966919],[-84.238174,45.967595],[-84.253993,45.956727],[-84.330346,45.956043],[-84.376429,45.931962],[-84.428239,45.958144],[-84.443086,45.977825],[-84.459956,45.970343],[-84.488536,45.98882],[-84.507201,45.991169],[-84.514071,45.971292],[-84.532392,45.969448],[-84.540995,46.019501],[-84.563891,46.032459],[-84.609063,46.026418],[-84.656567,46.052654],[-84.692735,46.027019],[-84.685254,45.973454],[-84.723039,45.967279],[-84.738849,45.945792],[-84.713614,45.920366],[-84.734002,45.907026],[-84.721277,45.873911],[-84.702122,45.853935],[-84.720609,45.848116],[-84.725734,45.837045],[-84.746985,45.835597],[-84.828996,45.871209],[-84.842147,45.898005],[-84.917288,45.930576],[-84.971232,45.984208],[-85.020951,46.012845],[-85.14516,46.050035],[-85.197523,46.044878],[-85.222416,46.060629],[-85.266385,46.065779],[-85.335466,46.092459],[-85.381263,46.082086],[-85.409463,46.100585],[-85.426916,46.101964],[-85.445835,46.086426],[-85.499422,46.09692],[-85.539479,46.080416],[-85.603785,46.030363],[-85.663966,45.967013],[-85.697203,45.960158],[-85.8092,45.979931],[-85.842404,45.965247],[-85.893196,45.967253],[-85.922737,45.948287],[-85.926017,45.932104],[-85.910264,45.922112],[-85.920581,45.920994],[-85.998868,45.950968],[-86.094753,45.966704],[-86.159415,45.953765],[-86.208255,45.962978],[-86.22906,45.94857],[-86.278007,45.942057],[-86.324232,45.90608],[-86.332625,45.851813],[-86.349134,45.83416],[-86.351658,45.798132],[-86.369918,45.789254],[-86.415971,45.793793],[-86.439661,45.760669],[-86.47905,45.757416],[-86.486028,45.746608],[-86.51457,45.752337],[-86.53328,45.710849],[-86.580936,45.71192],[-86.587528,45.666456],[-86.625132,45.663819],[-86.616893,45.606796],[-86.687208,45.634253],[-86.695275,45.648175],[-86.708038,45.649202],[-86.718191,45.67732],[-86.705184,45.690901],[-86.689102,45.687862],[-86.665677,45.702217],[-86.67148,45.72053],[-86.633138,45.747654],[-86.631018,45.782019],[-86.583391,45.778242],[-86.576858,45.801473],[-86.557215,45.808172],[-86.555186,45.831696],[-86.529208,45.853043],[-86.529573,45.874974],[-86.541464,45.890234],[-86.583304,45.898784],[-86.603293,45.876626],[-86.625736,45.868295],[-86.632478,45.843309],[-86.645998,45.833888],[-86.721113,45.845431],[-86.749638,45.867796],[-86.78208,45.860195],[-86.773279,45.811385],[-86.821523,45.770356],[-86.838658,45.741831],[-86.838746,45.722307],[-86.944158,45.695833],[-86.964275,45.672761],[-86.984588,45.705812],[-86.975224,45.75313],[-86.988438,45.810621],[-87.00508,45.831718],[-87.031435,45.837238],[-87.057439,45.812483],[-87.064302,45.758828],[-87.05555,45.751535],[-87.057444,45.736822],[-87.070442,45.718779],[-87.059953,45.708893],[-87.093365,45.701473],[-87.172241,45.661788],[-87.196852,45.636275],[-87.333407,45.446056],[-87.327749,45.425307],[-87.3925,45.369028],[-87.431684,45.316383],[-87.438908,45.293405],[-87.600796,45.146842],[-87.612019,45.123377],[-87.601086,45.104092],[-87.581969,45.097206],[-87.590208,45.095264],[-87.657135,45.107568],[-87.683902,45.144135],[-87.735135,45.171538],[-87.741805,45.197051],[-87.72796,45.207956],[-87.698248,45.281512],[-87.648126,45.339396],[-87.656624,45.367295],[-87.690281,45.389822],[-87.754104,45.349442],[-87.823028,45.35265],[-87.848368,45.340676],[-87.871204,45.360056],[-87.886949,45.35311],[-87.850969,45.401925],[-87.860432,45.423504],[-87.855298,45.441379],[-87.812976,45.464159],[-87.793447,45.498372],[-87.803364,45.537016],[-87.832296,45.558767],[-87.831689,45.568035],[-87.790874,45.564096],[-87.777671,45.609204],[-87.824676,45.653211],[-87.780808,45.680349],[-87.809075,45.699717],[-87.810144,45.71023],[-87.85548,45.726943],[-87.875813,45.753888],[-87.963452,45.75822],[-87.986429,45.769596],[-87.982617,45.782944],[-87.995876,45.795435],[-88.072091,45.780261],[-88.129461,45.809288],[-88.13611,45.819029],[-88.073134,45.871952],[-88.101814,45.883504],[-88.105677,45.904387],[-88.095354,45.913895],[-88.116846,45.921703]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Michigan\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}\n","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d480","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reeves, Howard W. 0000-0001-8057-2081 hwreeves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-2081","contributorId":2307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeves","given":"Howard","email":"hwreeves@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hamilton, David A.","contributorId":102172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seelbach, Paul W. pseelbach@usgs.gov","contributorId":3937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seelbach","given":"Paul","email":"pseelbach@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Asher, A. Jeremiah","contributorId":34098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asher","given":"A. Jeremiah","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":97344,"text":"fs20093002 - 2009 - Integrated Science: Florida Manatees and Everglades Hydrology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:07","indexId":"fs20093002","displayToPublicDate":"2009-03-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-3002","title":"Integrated Science: Florida Manatees and Everglades Hydrology","docAbstract":"Predicting and monitoring restoration effects on Florida manatees, which are known to make extended movements, will be incomplete if modeling and monitoring are limited to the smaller areas defined by the various res-toration components. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) efforts, thus far, have focused on (1) collecting manatee movement data throughout the Ten Thousand Islands (TTI) region, and (2) developing an individual-based model for manatees to illustrate manatee responses to changes in hydrology related to the Picayune Strand Restoration Project (PSRP).\r\n\r\nIn 2006, new regional research was begun to extend an Everglades hydrology model into the TTI region; extend the manatee movement model into the southern estuaries of Everglades National Park (ENP); and integrate hydrology and manatee data, models, and monitoring across the TTI region and ENP. Currently (2008), three research tasks are underway to develop the necessary modeling components to assess restoration efforts across the Greater Everglades Ecosystem.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20093002","usgsCitation":"Langtimm, C.A., Swain, E.D., Stith, B., Reid, J.P., Slone, D., Decker, J., Butler, S., Doyle, T., and Snow, R., 2009, Integrated Science: Florida Manatees and Everglades Hydrology: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2009-3002, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20093002.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121093,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2009_3002.jpg"},{"id":12402,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2009/3002/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49b2e4b07f02db5c94d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langtimm, Catherine A. 0000-0001-8499-5743 clangtimm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8499-5743","contributorId":3045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langtimm","given":"Catherine","email":"clangtimm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swain, Eric D. 0000-0001-7168-708X edswain@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7168-708X","contributorId":1538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swain","given":"Eric","email":"edswain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stith, Bradley bstith@usgs.gov","contributorId":3596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stith","given":"Bradley","email":"bstith@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reid, James P. 0000-0002-8497-1132 jreid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8497-1132","contributorId":3460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"James","email":"jreid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Slone, Daniel H. 0000-0002-9903-9727 dslone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9903-9727","contributorId":1749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slone","given":"Daniel H.","email":"dslone@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":301765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Decker, Jeremy","contributorId":99662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Decker","given":"Jeremy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Butler, Susan M. 0000-0003-3676-9332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-9332","contributorId":46650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"Susan M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Doyle, Terry","contributorId":28666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doyle","given":"Terry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Snow, R.W.","contributorId":38672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snow","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":97342,"text":"sir20085234 - 2009 - Development of a Flood-Warning System and Flood-Inundation Mapping for the Blanchard River in Findlay, Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:26","indexId":"sir20085234","displayToPublicDate":"2009-03-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5234","title":"Development of a Flood-Warning System and Flood-Inundation Mapping for the Blanchard River in Findlay, Ohio","docAbstract":"Digital flood-inundation maps of the Blanchard River in Findlay, Ohio, were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the City of Findlay, Ohio. The maps, which correspond to water levels at the USGS streamgage at Findlay (04189000), were provided to the National Weather Service (NWS) for incorporation into a Web-based flood-warning system that can be used in conjunction with NWS flood-forecast data to show areas of predicted flood inundation associated with forecasted flood-peak stages.\r\n\r\nThe USGS reestablished one streamgage and added another on the Blanchard River upstream of Findlay. Additionally, the USGS established one streamgage each on Eagle and Lye Creeks, tributaries to the Blanchard River. The stream-gage sites were equipped with rain gages and multiple forms of telemetry. Data from these gages can be used by emergency management personnel to determine a course of action when flooding is imminent.\r\n\r\nFlood profiles computed by means of a step-backwater model were prepared and calibrated to a recent flood with a return period exceeding 100 years. The hydraulic model was then used to determine water-surface-elevation profiles for 11 flood stages with corresponding streamflows ranging from approximately 2 to 100 years in recurrence interval. The simulated flood profiles were used in combination with digital elevation data to delineate the flood-inundation areas. Maps of Findlay showing flood-inundation areas overlain on digital orthophotographs are presented for the selected floods.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20085234","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Findlay, Ohio","usgsCitation":"Whitehead, M.T., and Ostheimer, C.J., 2009, Development of a Flood-Warning System and Flood-Inundation Mapping for the Blanchard River in Findlay, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5234, Report: iv, 9 p.; 11 Plates, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085234.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 9 p.; 11 Plates","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195658,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12397,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5234/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db667079","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitehead, Matthew T. mtwhiteh@usgs.gov","contributorId":2158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitehead","given":"Matthew","email":"mtwhiteh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":301760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ostheimer, Chad J. ostheime@usgs.gov","contributorId":2160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostheimer","given":"Chad","email":"ostheime@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":301761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70201198,"text":"70201198 - 2009 - Titan's surface at 2.2-cm wavelength imaged by the Cassini RADAR radiometer: Calibration and first results","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-05T11:39:06","indexId":"70201198","displayToPublicDate":"2009-03-01T11:37:25","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Titan's surface at 2.2-cm wavelength imaged by the Cassini RADAR radiometer: Calibration and first results","docAbstract":"

The first comprehensive calibration and mapping of the thermal microwave emission from Titan's surface is reported based on radiometric data obtained at 2.2-cm wavelength by the passive radiometer included in the Cassini Radar instrument. The data reported were accumulated from 69 separate observational segments in Titan passes from Ta (October 2004) through T30 (May 2007) and include emission from 94% of Titan's surface. They are diverse in the key observing parameters of emission angle, polarization, and spatial resolution, and their reduction into calibrated global mosaic maps involved several steps. Analysis of the polarimetry obtained at low to moderate resolution (50+ km) enabled integration of the radiometry into a single mosaic of the equivalent brightness temperature at normal incidence with a relative precision of about 1 K. The Huygens probe measurement of Titan's surface temperature and radiometry obtained on Titan's dune fields allowed us to infer an absolute calibration estimated to be accurate to a level approaching 1 K. The results provide evidence for a surface that is complex and varied on large scales. The radiometry primarily constrains physical properties of the surface, where we see strong evidence for subsurface (volume) scattering as a dominant mechanism that determines the emissivity, with the possibility of a fluffy or graded-density surface layer in many regions. The results are consistent with, but not necessarily definitive of a surface composition resulting from the slow deposition and processing of organic compounds from the atmosphere.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2008.10.017","usgsCitation":"Janssen, M., Lorenz, R.D., West, R., Paganelli, F., Lopes, R., Kirk, R.L., Elachi, C., Wall, S.D., Johnson, W., Anderson, Y., Boehmer, R., Callahan, P., Gim, Y., Hamilton, G., Kelleher, K., Roth, L., Stiles, B., Le Gall, A., and The Cassini Radar Team, 2009, Titan's surface at 2.2-cm wavelength imaged by the Cassini RADAR radiometer: Calibration and first results: Icarus, v. 200, no. 1, p. 222-239, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2008.10.017.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"222","endPage":"239","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359959,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Saturn; Titan","volume":"200","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c08f1c7e4b0815414d0bc07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Janssen, M.A.","contributorId":28345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janssen","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lorenz, R. D.","contributorId":90441,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lorenz","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"West, R.","contributorId":26996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"West","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paganelli, F.","contributorId":17353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paganelli","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lopes, R.M.","contributorId":56444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopes","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kirk, Randolph L. 0000-0003-0842-9226 rkirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226","contributorId":2765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randolph","email":"rkirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":753173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Elachi, C.","contributorId":104606,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elachi","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wall, S. D.","contributorId":86468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wall","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Johnson, W.T.K.","contributorId":27174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W.T.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Anderson, Y.","contributorId":60369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Boehmer, R.A.","contributorId":59254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boehmer","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Callahan, P.","contributorId":22889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Callahan","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Gim, Y.","contributorId":14934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gim","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Hamilton, G.A.","contributorId":88963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Kelleher, K.D.","contributorId":67739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelleher","given":"K.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Roth, L.","contributorId":70978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roth","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Stiles, B.","contributorId":59547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stiles","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Le Gall, A.","contributorId":211087,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Le Gall","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"The Cassini Radar Team","contributorId":127994,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"The Cassini Radar Team","id":753186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}} ,{"id":70189229,"text":"70189229 - 2009 - Integrated watershed scale response to climate change for selected basins across the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-06T14:12:40","indexId":"70189229","displayToPublicDate":"2009-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3720,"text":"Water Resources Impact","printIssn":"1522-3175","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrated watershed scale response to climate change for selected basins across the United States","docAbstract":"

As the questions of climate change has moved from “if” it is happening to “how” it is changing our environment, it has become important to have regional assessment designs to allow us to better understand how changes are occurring now and in the future. The authors are using the Precipitatation Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) to assess the potential effects of long-term climate change on 15 basins representing different hydroclimatic regions in the United States.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","usgsCitation":"Markstrom, S.L., and Hay, L.E., 2009, Integrated watershed scale response to climate change for selected basins across the United States: Water Resources Impact, v. 11, no. 2, p. 8-10.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"8","endPage":"10","ipdsId":"IP-012674","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343425,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595f4c48e4b0d1f9f057e393","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Markstrom, Steven L. 0000-0001-7630-9547 markstro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7630-9547","contributorId":146553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markstrom","given":"Steven","email":"markstro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hay, Lauren E. 0000-0003-3763-4595 lhay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3763-4595","contributorId":1287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hay","given":"Lauren","email":"lhay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97335,"text":"sir20095038 - 2009 - Injection-Site Reactions in Wild Horses (Equus caballus) Receiving an Immunocontraceptive Vaccine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:09","indexId":"sir20095038","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5038","title":"Injection-Site Reactions in Wild Horses (Equus caballus) Receiving an Immunocontraceptive Vaccine","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey and the Bureau of Land Management are conducting research on the efficacy of the immunocontraceptive agent porcine zona pellucida (PZP) in reducing fertility of wild horses (Equus caballus). As an antigen, PZP stimulates antibody production when injected into many mammalian species. These antibodies bind to the external surface of the ovum, preventing fertilization. By itself, PZP is only weakly immunogenic and is therefore delivered with an adjuvant, most commonly one of the Freund adjuvants, designed to further stimulate antibody production. Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) in particular is known to be very effective, but may also be associated with undesirable side effects such as formation of abscesses at injection sites. Such reactions may be exacerbated when accompanied by the additional trauma of a remotely delivered dart. Because horses in our three study herds were individually identifiable by color markings and harem association, we were able to monitor mares for injection-site reactions (abscesses, nodules, swelling, and stiffness) following inoculation with PZP.\r\n\r\nIn 100 injections delivered by hand we observed a single nodule, two instances of swelling, and no other reactions. In two herds that received remotely delivered (dart) injections, the frequency of reactions was about 1 and 6 percent for abscesses, 25 percent for nodules (both herds), 11 and 33 percent for swelling, and 1 and 12 percent for stiffness. Abscesses were too infrequent to allow meaningful analysis of the relation to covariates, but for the other types of reactions we used logistic regression to examine the relation of occurrence to the delivery method (rifle or CO2-powered blowgun), adjuvant (FCA, Freund's modified adjuvant, and Freund's incomplete adjuvant), dart trauma (normal or abnormal), and age of mare. Abnormal dart trauma included cases where the dart hit bone or the needle broke off. We found strong evidence (odds ratio = 5.023, P = 0.001) for a higher probability of occurrence of swelling when darts were delivered by blowgun. We found some evidence (odds ratio = 8.729, P = 0.07) that abnormal dart trauma led to a higher frequency of nodule formation. Nodules were the most common reactions observed and often persisted for a year or more, but in our observations they did not appear to change any animal's range of movement or locomotor patterns and in most cases did not appear to differ in magnitude from naturally occurring injuries or scars. We were unable to perform histological examinations of these nodules, but they may be similar to granulomas reported by other investigators following administration of Freund's adjuvant.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095038","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Roelle, J.E., and Ransom, J.I., 2009, Injection-Site Reactions in Wild Horses (Equus caballus) Receiving an Immunocontraceptive Vaccine: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5038, iv, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095038.","productDescription":"iv, 15 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196329,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12388,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5038/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f0e4b07f02db5ee017","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roelle, James E. roelleb@usgs.gov","contributorId":2330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roelle","given":"James","email":"roelleb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ransom, Jason I. 0000-0002-5930-4004","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5930-4004","contributorId":71645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ransom","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97332,"text":"ofr20091040 - 2009 - Model-Based Predictions of the Effects of Harvest Mortality on Population Size and Trend of Yellow-Billed Loons","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:10","indexId":"ofr20091040","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1040","title":"Model-Based Predictions of the Effects of Harvest Mortality on Population Size and Trend of Yellow-Billed Loons","docAbstract":"Yellow-billed loons (Gavia adamsii) breed in low densities in northern tundra habitats in Alaska, Canada, and Russia. They migrate to coastal marine habitats at mid to high latitudes where they spend their winters. Harvest may occur throughout the annual cycle, but of particular concern are recent reports of harvest from the Bering Strait region, which lies between Alaska and Russia and is an area used by yellow-billed loons during migration. Annual harvest for this region was reported to be 317, 45, and 1,077 during 2004, 2005, and 2007, respectively. I developed a population model to assess the effect of this reported harvest on population size and trend of yellow-billed loons. Because of the uncertainty regarding actual harvest and definition of the breeding population(s) affected by this harvest, I considered 25 different scenarios. Predicted trends across these 25 scenarios ranged from stability to rapid decline (24 percent per year) with halving of the population in 3 years. Through an assessment of literature and unpublished satellite tracking data, I suggest that the most likely of these 25 scenarios is one where the migrant population subjected to harvest in the Bering Strait includes individuals from breeding populations in Alaska (Arctic coastal plain and the Kotzebue region) and eastern Russia, and for which the magnitude of harvest varies among years and emulates the annual variation of reported harvest during 2004-07 (317, 45, and 1,077 yellow-billed loons). This scenario, which assumes no movement of Canadian breeders through the Bering Strait, predicts a 4.6 percent rate of annual population decline, which would halve the populations in 15 years. Although these model outputs reflect the best available information, confidence in these predictions and applicable scenarios would be greatly enhanced by more information on harvest, rates of survival and reproduction, and migratory pathways.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091040","usgsCitation":"Schmutz, J.A., 2009, Model-Based Predictions of the Effects of Harvest Mortality on Population Size and Trend of Yellow-Billed Loons: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1040, iv, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091040.","productDescription":"iv, 19 p.","temporalStart":"2004-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196515,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12385,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1040/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699a0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":97322,"text":"ofr20081379 - 2009 - Completion of the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 1992–2001 Land Cover Change Retrofit product","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-08T13:00:50","indexId":"ofr20081379","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1379","title":"Completion of the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 1992–2001 Land Cover Change Retrofit product","docAbstract":"The Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics Consortium has supported the development of two national digital land cover products: the National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD) 1992 and National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 2001. Substantial differences in imagery, legends, and methods between these two land cover products must be overcome in order to support direct comparison. The NLCD 1992-2001 Land Cover Change Retrofit product was developed to provide more accurate and useful land cover change data than would be possible by direct comparison of NLCD 1992 and NLCD 2001. For the change analysis method to be both national in scale and timely, implementation required production across many Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) path/rows simultaneously. To meet these requirements, a hybrid change analysis process was developed to incorporate both post-classification comparison and specialized ratio differencing change analysis techniques.\r\n\r\nAt a resolution of 30 meters, the completed NLCD 1992-2001 Land Cover Change Retrofit product contains unchanged pixels from the NLCD 2001 land cover dataset that have been cross-walked to a modified Anderson Level I class code, and changed pixels labeled with a 'from-to' class code. Analysis of the results for the conterminous United States indicated that about 3 percent of the land cover dataset changed between 1992 and 2001.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081379","usgsCitation":"Fry, J., Coan, M., Homer, C.G., Meyer, D.K., and Wickham, J., 2009, Completion of the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 1992–2001 Land Cover Change Retrofit product: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1379, iv, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081379.","productDescription":"iv, 19 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1992-01-01","temporalEnd":"2001-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195458,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12376,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1379/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8105","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fry, J.A. 0000-0002-8466-9582","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8466-9582","contributorId":69260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fry","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coan, Michael mcoan@usgs.gov","contributorId":5398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coan","given":"Michael","email":"mcoan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Homer, Collin G. 0000-0003-4755-8135 homer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4755-8135","contributorId":2262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Homer","given":"Collin","email":"homer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meyer, Debra K. 0000-0002-8841-697X dkmeyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8841-697X","contributorId":3145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Debra","email":"dkmeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wickham, J.D.","contributorId":28329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wickham","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":97325,"text":"ofr20091025 - 2009 - Geophysical Investigation Along the Great Miami River From New Miami to Charles M. Bolton Well Field, Cincinnati, Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:28","indexId":"ofr20091025","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1025","title":"Geophysical Investigation Along the Great Miami River From New Miami to Charles M. Bolton Well Field, Cincinnati, Ohio","docAbstract":"Three geophysical profiling methods were tested to help characterize subsurface materials at selected transects along the Great Miami River, in southwestern Ohio. The profiling methods used were continuous seismic profiling (CSP), continuous resistivity profiling (CRP), and continuous electromagnetic profiling (CEP). Data were collected with global positioning systems to spatially locate the data along the river.\r\nThe depth and flow conditions of the Great Miami River limited the amount and quality of data that could be collected with the CSP and CRP methods. Data from the CSP were generally poor because shallow reflections (less than 5 meters) were mostly obscured by strong multiple reflections and deep reflections (greater than 5 meters) were sparse. However, modeling of CRP data indicated broad changes in subbottom geology, primarily below about 3 to 5 meters. Details for shallow electrical conductivity (resistivity) (less than 3 meters) were limited because of the 5-meter electrode spacing used for the surveys. For future studies of this type, a cable with 3-meter electrode spacing (or perhaps even 1-meter spacing) might best be used in similar environments to determine shallow electrical properties of the stream-bottom materials.\r\nCEP data were collected along the entire reach of the Great Miami River. The CRP and CEP data did not correlate well, but the CRP electrode spacing probably limited the correlation. Middle-frequency (3,510 hertz) and high-frequency (15,030 hertz) CEP data were correlated to water depth. Low-frequency (750 hertz) CEP data indicate shallow (less than 5-meter) changes in electrical conductivity. Given the variability in depth and flow conditions on a river such as the Great Miami, the CEP method worked better than either the CSP or CRP methods.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091025","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Hamilton to New Baltimore Ground Water Consortium","usgsCitation":"Sheets, R.A., and Dumouchelle, D., 2009, Geophysical Investigation Along the Great Miami River From New Miami to Charles M. Bolton Well Field, Cincinnati, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1025, iv, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091025.","productDescription":"iv, 21 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2006-12-04","temporalEnd":"2007-07-31","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195259,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12379,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1025/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.7,39.28333333333333 ], [ -84.7,39.45 ], [ -84.5,39.45 ], [ -84.5,39.28333333333333 ], [ -84.7,39.28333333333333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67c076","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sheets, R. A.","contributorId":43381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheets","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dumouchelle, D.H.","contributorId":83144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumouchelle","given":"D.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97316,"text":"ofr20091036 - 2009 - Bull Trout Forage Investigations in Beulah Reservoir, Oregon - Annual Report for 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:32","indexId":"ofr20091036","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1036","title":"Bull Trout Forage Investigations in Beulah Reservoir, Oregon - Annual Report for 2006","docAbstract":"Beulah Reservoir on the north fork of the Malheur River in northeastern Oregon provides irrigation water to nearby farms and ranches and supports an adfluvial population of bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus), which are listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act. Water management in Beulah Reservoir results in seasonal and annual fluctuations of water volume that may affect forage availability for bull trout. Because no minimum pool requirements currently exist, the reservoir is occasionally reduced to run-of-river levels, which may decimate forage fish populations and ultimately affect bull trout. We sampled fish and aquatic insects in Beulah Reservoir in the spring, before the annual drawdown of 2006, and afterward, in the late fall. We also collected samples 1.5 years after the reservoir was dewatered for three consecutive summers. Overall, the moderate drawdown of 2006 (32 percent of full pool) did not drastically alter the fish community in Beulah Reservoir. We did document, however, decreases in abundance and sizes of chironomids in areas of the reservoir that were frequently dewatered, increased catch rates of fish with gillnets, and decreases in population estimates for smaller fishes after drawdown. In 2006, after the dewaterings of 2002-04, species composition was similar to that prior to the dewaterings, but the size distributions of most species were biased toward small juvenile or subyearling fishes and larger fishes were rare. Our results indicate that repeated reservoir drawdown reduces aquatic insect forage for bull trout and probably affects forage fish populations at least temporarily. The high catch rates of juvenile fishes 1.5 years after consecutive dewaterings suggests good reproductive success for any remaining adult fish, and shows that the fish community in Beulah Reservoir is resilient to such disturbances. There is, however, a period of time after serious drawdowns before significant numbers of juvenile fishes start to appear in the reservoir. Because Beulah Reservoir experiences a wide variety of drawdown scenarios in consecutive years, the forage fish community may never reach a state of equilibrium.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091036","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Rose, B.P., and Mesa, M.G., 2009, Bull Trout Forage Investigations in Beulah Reservoir, Oregon - Annual Report for 2006: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1036, v, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091036.","productDescription":"v, 38 p.","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195151,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12368,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1036/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fa6db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rose, Brien P. brose@usgs.gov","contributorId":3493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"Brien","email":"brose@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mesa, Mathew G.","contributorId":36245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mesa","given":"Mathew","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97306,"text":"b2209M - 2009 - Modeling cape- and ridge-associated marine sand deposits: A focus on the U.S. Atlantic Continental Shelf","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-29T18:54:21.708881","indexId":"b2209M","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2209","chapter":"M","title":"Modeling cape- and ridge-associated marine sand deposits: A focus on the U.S. Atlantic Continental Shelf","docAbstract":"Cape- and ridge-associated marine sand deposits, which accumulate on storm-dominated continental shelves that are undergoing Holocene marine transgression, are particularly notable in a segment of the U.S. Atlantic Continental Shelf that extends southward from the east tip of Long Island, N.Y., and eastward from Cape May at the south end of the New Jersey shoreline. These sand deposits commonly contain sand suitable for shore protection in the form of beach nourishment. Increasing demand for marine sand raises questions about both short- and long-term potential supply and the sustainability of beach nourishment with the prospects of accelerating sea-level rise and increasing storm activity. To address these important issues, quantitative assessments of the volume of marine sand resources are needed. Currently, the U.S. Geological Survey is undertaking these assessments through its national Marine Aggregates and Resources Program (URL http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/project-pages/aggregates/). \r\n\r\nIn this chapter, we present a hypothetical example of a quantitative assessment of cape-and ridge-associated marine sand deposits in the study area, using proven tools of mineral-resource assessment. Applying these tools requires new models that summarize essential data on the quantity and quality of these deposits. Two representative types of model are descriptive models, which consist of a narrative that allows for a consistent recognition of cape-and ridge-associated marine sand deposits, and quantitative models, which consist of empirical statistical distributions that describe significant deposit characteristics, such as volume and grain-size distribution. Variables of the marine sand deposits considered for quantitative modeling in this study include area, thickness, mean grain size, grain sorting, volume, proportion of sand-dominated facies, and spatial density, of which spatial density is particularly helpful in estimating the number of undiscovered deposits within an assessment area. A Monte Carlo simulation that combines the volume of sand-dominated-facies models with estimates of the hypothetical probable number of undiscovered deposits provides a probabilistic approach to estimating marine sand resources within parts of the U.S. Atlantic Continental Shelf and other comparable marine shelves worldwide.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to industrial-minerals research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b2209M","usgsCitation":"Bliss, J.D., Williams, S.J., and Bolm, K., 2009, Modeling cape- and ridge-associated marine sand deposits: A focus on the U.S. Atlantic Continental Shelf (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2209, iv, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2209M.","productDescription":"iv, 22 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":658,"text":"Western Mineral Resources","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195252,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402708,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_86393.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":12358,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2209-m/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Continental Shelf","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.5,\n 28\n ],\n [\n -75,\n 28\n ],\n [\n -75,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -81.5,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -81.5,\n 28\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db6999eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bliss, James D. jbliss@usgs.gov","contributorId":2790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bliss","given":"James","email":"jbliss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, S. Jeffress 0000-0002-1326-7420 jwilliams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1326-7420","contributorId":2063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"S.","email":"jwilliams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Jeffress","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bolm, Karen S.","contributorId":13226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolm","given":"Karen S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":97309,"text":"sir20095023 - 2009 - Ecological assessment of streams in the Powder River Structural Basin, Wyoming and Montana, 2005-06","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-18T22:55:36","indexId":"sir20095023","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5023","title":"Ecological assessment of streams in the Powder River Structural Basin, Wyoming and Montana, 2005-06","docAbstract":"

Energy and mineral development, particularly coalbed natural gas development, is proceeding at a rapid pace in the Powder River Structural Basin (PRB) in northeastern Wyoming. Concerns about the potential effects of development led to formation of an interagency working group of primarily Federal and State agencies to address these issues in the PRB in Wyoming and in Montana where similar types of resources exist but are largely undeveloped. Under the direction of the interagency working group, an ecological assessment of streams in the PRB was initiated to determine the current status (2005–06) and to establish a baseline for future monitoring.

The ecological assessment components include assessment of stream habitat and riparian zones as well as assessments of macroinvertebrate, algal, and fish communities. All of the components were sampled at 47 sites in the PRB during 2005. A reduced set of components, consisting primarily of macroinvertebrate and fish community assessments, was sampled in 2006. Related ecological data, such as habitat and fish community data collected from selected sites in 2004, also are included in this report.

The stream habitat assessment included measurement of channel features, substrate size and embeddedness, riparian vegetation, and reachwide characteristics. The width-to-depth ratio (bankfull width/bankfull depth) tended to be higher at sites on the main-stem Powder River than at sites on the main-stem Tongue River and at sites on tributary streams. The streambed substrate particle size was largest at sites on the main-stem Tongue River and smallest at sites on small tributary streams such as Squirrel Creek and Otter Creek. Total vegetative cover at the ground level, understory, and canopy layers ranged from less than 40 percent at a few sites to more than 90 percent at many of the sites. A bank-stability index indicated that sites in the Tongue River drainage were less at risk of bank failure than sites on the main-stem Powder River.

Macroinvertebrate communities showed similarity at the river-drainage scale. Macroinvertebrate communities at sites with mountainous headwaters and snowmelt-driven hydrology, such as Clear Creek, Crazy Woman Creek, and Goose Creek, showed similarity with communities from the main-stem Tongue River. The data also indicated similarity among sites on the main-stem Powder River and among small tributaries of the Tongue River. Data analyses using macroinvertebrate observed/expected models and multimetric indices developed by the States of Wyoming and Montana indicated a tendency toward declining biological condition in the downstream direction along the Tongue River. Biological condition for the main-stem Powder River generally improved downstream, from below Salt Creek to near the Wyoming/Montana border, followed by a general decline downstream from the border to the confluence with the Yellowstone River. The biological condition generally was not significantly different between 2005 and 2006, although streamflow was less in 2006 because of drought.

Algal communities showed similarity at the river-drainage scale with slight differences from the pattern observed in the macroinvertebrate communities. Although the algal communities from Clear Creek and Goose Creek were similar to those from the main-stem Tongue River, as was true of the macroinvertebrate communities, the algal communities from Crazy Woman Creek had more similarity to those of main-stem Powder River sites than to the Tongue River sites, contrary to the macroinvertebrates. Ordination of algal communities, as well as diatom metrics including salinity and dominant taxa, indicated substantial variation at two sites along the main stem of the Powder River.

Fish communities of the PRB were most diverse in the Tongue River drainage. In part due to the effects of Tongue River Reservoir, 15 species of fish were found in the Tongue River drainage that were not found in the Cheyenne, Belle Fourche, or Little Powder River drainages. The number of introduced species and relative abundance of introduced species of fish were higher in the Tongue River and other drainages than at sites on the main-stem Powder River. Although non-native species were identified in the Powder River, the native fish community is largely intact. Western silvery minnow and sturgeon chub—species of special concern—were identified only at sites on the main-stem Powder River and were most common in the Montana segment of the main stem. Fish and habitat sampling on the main-stem Powder River indicated affinity of some species for certain habitats such as pools, runs, riffles, backwaters, or shoals.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095023","isbn":"9781411323469","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management, U.S. Department of the Interior, Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality, Wyoming Game and Fish Department, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Montana Department of Environmental Quality, and Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Parks","usgsCitation":"Peterson, D.A., Wright, P., Edwards, G., Hargett, E., Feldman, D., Zumberge, J., and Dey, P., 2009, Ecological assessment of streams in the Powder River Structural Basin, Wyoming and Montana, 2005-06: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5023, xii, 140 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095023.","productDescription":"xii, 140 p.","temporalStart":"2005-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":684,"text":"Wyoming Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196080,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12361,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5023/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Powder River Structural Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108,43 ], [ -108,47 ], [ -104,47 ], [ -104,43 ], [ -108,43 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db627d59","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, D. A.","contributorId":6453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, P.R.","contributorId":91535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edwards, G.P. Jr.","contributorId":84865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"G.P.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hargett, E.G.","contributorId":100962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hargett","given":"E.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Feldman, D.L.","contributorId":59140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feldman","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zumberge, J.R.","contributorId":11726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zumberge","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dey, Paul","contributorId":31859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dey","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":97298,"text":"ofr20081181 - 2009 - Sidescan-Sonar Imagery and Surficial Geologic Interpretations of the Sea Floor in Western Rhode Island Sound","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-10T10:54:48.157892","indexId":"ofr20081181","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1181","title":"Sidescan-Sonar Imagery and Surficial Geologic Interpretations of the Sea Floor in Western Rhode Island Sound","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) have been working together to interpret sea-floor geology along the northeastern coast of the United States. In 2004, the NOAA Ship RUDE completed survey H11322, a sidescan-sonar and bathymetric survey that covers about 60 square kilometers of the sea floor in western Rhode Island Sound. This report interprets sidescan-sonar and bathymetric data from NOAA survey H11322 to delineate sea-floor features and sedimentary environments in the study area. Paleozoic bedrock and Cretaceous Coastal Plain sediments in Rhode Island Sound underlie Pleistocene glacial drift that affects the distribution of surficial Holocene marine and transgressional sediments. The study area has three bathymetric highs separated by a channel system. Features and patterns in the sidescan-sonar imagery include low, moderate, and high backscatter; sand waves; scarps; erosional outliers; boulders; trawl marks; and dredge spoils. Four sedimentary environments in the study area, based on backscatter and bathymetric features, include those characterized by erosion or nondeposition, coarse-grained bedload transport, sorting and reworking, and deposition. Environments characterized by erosion or nondeposition and coarse-grained bedload transport are located in shallower areas and environments characterized by deposition are located in deeper areas; environments characterized by sorting and reworking processes are generally located at moderate depths.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081181","usgsCitation":"McMullen, K., Poppe, L., Haupt, T., and Crocker, J., 2009, Sidescan-Sonar Imagery and Surficial Geologic Interpretations of the Sea Floor in Western Rhode Island Sound: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1181, Available online and on DVD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081181.","productDescription":"Available online and on DVD-ROM","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":680,"text":"Woods Hole Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195772,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1181/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":12349,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1181/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{\"crs\": {\"type\": \"name\", \"properties\": {\"name\": \"urn:ogc:def:crs:OGC:1.3:CRS84\"}}, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [[[-71.41849671492362, 41.308719745047526], [-71.34771909506291, 41.328082113838505], [-71.3420887729215, 41.31912389149068], [-71.34594864564085, 41.31808732807], [-71.34372506473963, 41.318524276282034], [-71.33992199696826, 41.3146532387888], [-71.33869530532117, 41.31501898062553], [-71.33784406547105, 41.31341036387456], [-71.33969219457528, 41.3128504228325], [-71.3357861793516, 41.305345987954674], [-71.33708345191677, 41.304952988481695], [-71.33467538177048, 41.30553234944434], [-71.33396979132438, 41.30387841954548], [-71.33560430130272, 41.30347060121426], [-71.33262658015407, 41.30110784421585], [-71.3340021578586, 41.300654712736716], [-71.33306676501952, 41.297573418678546], [-71.33142578173435, 41.29800389358374], [-71.32735407172892, 41.290358918199885], [-71.32916983429892, 41.288200070367154], [-71.32415302149413, 41.28090789020638], [-71.4199029396902, 41.25476867716673], [-71.42257965207057, 41.257578092337425], [-71.4179836042107, 41.25887275370639], [-71.42368335088761, 41.257367709864965], [-71.42769680113143, 41.261067204726814], [-71.42598461147097, 41.26193786449746], [-71.42638271984192, 41.265109784851425], [-71.42988801549843, 41.26774442073731], [-71.4302311007612, 41.26918149485686], [-71.42855451428838, 41.26976085581947], [-71.42927952465502, 41.27123676978014], [-71.43166493822734, 41.27057001917512], [-71.43147073902202, 41.27246022477382], [-71.437523280922, 41.28107943283778], [-71.4364422386789, 41.28139015156633], [-71.43717048569896, 41.28291137867489], [-71.4331537988017, 41.2840280241056], [-71.43400180199838, 41.285306502207476], [-71.4289558593128, 41.28685038588996], [-71.42968410633284, 41.28843310941359], [-71.41308007427574, 41.294696033786], [-71.41849671492362, 41.308719745047526]]]}, \"properties\": {\"extentType\": \"Custom\", \"code\": \"\", \"name\": \"\", \"notes\": \"\", \"promotedForReuse\": false, \"abbreviation\": \"\", \"shortName\": \"\", \"description\": \"\"}, \"bbox\": [-71.437523280922, 41.25476867716673, -71.32415302149413, 41.328082113838505], \"type\": \"Feature\", \"id\": \"3080816\"}","contact":"

Contact Pubs Warehouse

","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fae4b07f02db5f3dff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McMullen, K.Y.","contributorId":51857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMullen","given":"K.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poppe, L.J.","contributorId":72782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"L.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haupt, T.A.","contributorId":49063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haupt","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crocker, J.M.","contributorId":6152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crocker","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":97294,"text":"ofr20091024 - 2009 - Factoring uncertainty into restoration modeling of in-situ leach uranium mines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-23T13:38:57","indexId":"ofr20091024","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1024","title":"Factoring uncertainty into restoration modeling of in-situ leach uranium mines","docAbstract":"Postmining restoration is one of the greatest concerns for uranium in-situ leach (ISL) mining operations. The ISL-affected aquifer needs to be returned to conditions specified in the mining permit (either premining or other specified conditions). When uranium ISL operations are completed, postmining restoration is usually achieved by injecting reducing agents into the mined zone. The objective of this process is to restore the aquifer to premining conditions by reducing the solubility of uranium and other metals in the ground water.\r\n\r\nReactive transport modeling is a potentially useful method for simulating the effectiveness of proposed restoration techniques. While reactive transport models can be useful, they are a simplification of reality that introduces uncertainty through the model conceptualization, parameterization, and calibration processes. For this reason, quantifying the uncertainty in simulated temporal and spatial hydrogeochemistry is important for postremedial risk evaluation of metal concentrations and mobility. Quantifying the range of uncertainty in key predictions (such as uranium concentrations at a specific location) can be achieved using forward Monte Carlo or other inverse modeling techniques (trial-and-error parameter sensitivity, calibration constrained Monte Carlo). These techniques provide simulated values of metal concentrations at specified locations that can be presented as nonlinear uncertainty limits or probability density functions. Decisionmakers can use these results to better evaluate environmental risk as future metal concentrations with a limited range of possibilities, based on a scientific evaluation of uncertainty.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091024","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R.H., and Friedel, M.J., 2009, Factoring uncertainty into restoration modeling of in-situ leach uranium mines: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1024, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091024.","productDescription":"25 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195301,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12345,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1024/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48d8e4b07f02db5494d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Raymond H. rhjohnso@usgs.gov","contributorId":707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Raymond","email":"rhjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Friedel, Michael J. 0000-0002-5060-3999 mfriedel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5060-3999","contributorId":595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedel","given":"Michael","email":"mfriedel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97289,"text":"ofr20081346 - 2009 - Detailed Geophysical Fault Characterization in Yucca Flat, Nevada Test Site, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:55","indexId":"ofr20081346","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1346","title":"Detailed Geophysical Fault Characterization in Yucca Flat, Nevada Test Site, Nevada","docAbstract":"Yucca Flat is a topographic and structural basin in the northeastern part of the Nevada Test Site (NTS) in Nye County, Nevada. Between the years 1951 and 1992, 659 underground nuclear tests took place in Yucca Flat; most were conducted in large, vertical excavations that penetrated alluvium and the underlying Cenozoic volcanic rocks.\r\n\r\nRadioactive and other potential chemical contaminants at the NTS are the subject of a long-term program of investigation and remediation by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), National Nuclear Security Administration, Nevada Site Office, under its Environmental Restoration Program. As part of the program, the DOE seeks to assess the extent of contamination and to evaluate the potential risks to humans and the environment from byproducts of weapons testing. To accomplish this objective, the DOE Environmental Restoration Program is constructing and calibrating a ground-water flow model to predict hydrologic flow in Yucca Flat as part of an effort to quantify the subsurface hydrology of the Nevada Test Site. A necessary part of calibrating and evaluating a model of the flow system is an understanding of the location and characteristics of faults that may influence ground-water flow. In addition, knowledge of fault-zone architecture and physical properties is a fundamental component of the containment of the contamination from underground nuclear tests, should such testing ever resume at the Nevada Test Site.\r\n\r\nThe goal of the present investigation is to develop a detailed understanding of the geometry and physical properties of fault zones in Yucca Flat. This study was designed to investigate faults in greater detail and to characterize fault geometry, the presence of fault splays, and the fault-zone width. Integrated geological and geophysical studies have been designed and implemented to work toward this goal. \r\n\r\nThis report describes the geophysical surveys conducted near two drill holes in Yucca Flat, the data analyses performed, and the integrated interpretations developed from the suite of geophysical methodologies utilized in this investigation. Data collection for this activity started in the spring of 2005 and continued into 2006. A suite of electrical geophysical surveys were run in combination with ground magnetic surveys; these surveys resulted in high-resolution subsurface data that portray subsurface fault geometry at the two sites and have identified structures not readily apparent from surface geologic mapping, potential field geophysical data, or surface effects fracture maps.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081346","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Site Office under Interagency Agreement DEAI52-07NV28100","usgsCitation":"Asch, T., Sweetkind, D., Burton, B., and Wallin, E.L., 2009, Detailed Geophysical Fault Characterization in Yucca Flat, Nevada Test Site, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1346, Report: vi, 64 p. + Appendixes (A1-A9, B1-B147), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081346.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 64 p. + Appendixes (A1-A9, B1-B147)","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195988,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12340,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1346/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.25,36.833333333333336 ], [ -116.25,37.25 ], [ -115.83333333333333,37.25 ], [ -115.83333333333333,36.833333333333336 ], [ -116.25,36.833333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667cd5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asch, Theodore H.","contributorId":83617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asch","given":"Theodore H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sweetkind, Donald S. dsweetkind@usgs.gov","contributorId":735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweetkind","given":"Donald S.","email":"dsweetkind@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":271,"text":"Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":301590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burton, Bethany L. 0000-0001-5011-7862 blburton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5011-7862","contributorId":1341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"Bethany L.","email":"blburton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":301591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wallin, Erin L.","contributorId":70066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallin","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":97274,"text":"ofr20091014 - 2009 - Seasonal Distribution and Abundance of Larval and Juvenile Lost River and Shortnose Suckers in Hanks Marsh, Upper Klamath National Wildlife Refuge, Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon: 2007 Annual Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:12","indexId":"ofr20091014","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1014","title":"Seasonal Distribution and Abundance of Larval and Juvenile Lost River and Shortnose Suckers in Hanks Marsh, Upper Klamath National Wildlife Refuge, Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon: 2007 Annual Report","docAbstract":"In the summer of 2007, we undertook an assessment of larval and juvenile sucker use of Hanks Marsh in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon. This 1,200-acre marsh on the southeastern shoreline of the lake represents part of the last remaining natural emergent wetland habitat in the lake. Because of the suspected importance of this type of habitat to larval and juvenile endangered Lost River and shortnose suckers, it was thought that sucker abundance in the marsh might be comparatively greater than in other non-vegetated areas of the lake. It also was hoped that Hanks Marsh would serve as a reference site for wetland restoration projects occurring in other areas of the lake. Our study had four objectives: to (1) examine seasonal distribution and relative abundance of larval suckers in and adjacent to Hanks Marsh in relation to habitat features such as depth, vegetation, water quality, and relative abundance of non-sucker species; (2) determine the presence or absence and describe the distribution of juvenile suckers [35 to 80 mm standard length (SL)] along the periphery of Hanks Marsh; (3) assess spatial and temporal overlap between larval suckers and their potential predators; and (4) assess suitability of water quality throughout the summer for young-of-the-year suckers. Due to the low number of suckers found in the marsh and our inability to thoroughly sample all marsh habitats due to declining lake levels during the summer, we were unable to completely address these objectives in this pilot study. The results, however, do give some indication of the relative use of Hanks Marsh by sucker and non-sucker species.\r\n\r\nThrough sampling of larval and juvenile suckers in various habitat types within the marsh, we determined that sucker use of Hanks Marsh may be very low in comparison with other areas of the lake. We caught only 42 larval and 19 juvenile suckers during 12 weeks of sampling throughout the marsh. Sucker catches were rare in Hanks Marsh, and were lower than catch rates in other marshes of Upper Klamath Lake and in other nearshore and offshore areas of the lake. Based on the few suckers we did capture in Hanks Marsh, larvae tended to be found more often in vegetated habitats. A modified sampling design and approach may be necessary to address the objectives in this study, given that declining lake-surface elevation prevented us from adequately sampling all portions of the marsh throughout the sampling season. \r\n\r\nCommon non-sucker species in Hanks Marsh included juvenile and adult brown bullhead, larval blue chub, tui chub, fathead minnow, and yellow perch. This species composition was similar to that of other marshes in Upper Klamath Lake but most species were found in lower numbers in Hanks Marsh than other marshes. It may be that use of Hanks Marsh is limited by poor water quality, which we found to exist at many sites after June. It also may be that access to or habitat in the marsh is limited at certain times of the year by low water. Although the results from this initial study of Hanks Marsh indicate that the area may have little direct benefit for sucker species, indirect benefits for these species possibly may come from its positive influence on some aspects of water quality in the lake, such as regulation of pH. It also may be the case that use of Hanks Marsh may vary by year and conditions; however, under the current scope of the study, we were unable to investigate inter-annual variability.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091014","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Anderson, G.O., Wilkens, A.X., Burdick, S.M., and VanderKooi, S., 2009, Seasonal Distribution and Abundance of Larval and Juvenile Lost River and Shortnose Suckers in Hanks Marsh, Upper Klamath National Wildlife Refuge, Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon: 2007 Annual Report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1014, v, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091014.","productDescription":"v, 36 p.","temporalStart":"2007-04-01","temporalEnd":"2007-07-31","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196479,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12325,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1014/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc461","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Greer O.","contributorId":24459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Greer","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilkens, Alexander X.","contributorId":62688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilkens","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"X.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burdick, Summer M. 0000-0002-3480-5793 sburdick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3480-5793","contributorId":3448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burdick","given":"Summer","email":"sburdick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"VanderKooi, Scott P.","contributorId":106584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanderKooi","given":"Scott P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}