Frequency analysis on annual peak streamflow (hereinafter, peak flow) is essential to water-resources management applications, including critical structure design (for example, bridges and culverts) and floodplain mapping. Nonstationarity is a statistical property of a peak-flow series such that the distributional properties (the mean, variance, or skew) change either gradually (monotonic trend) or abruptly (shift, step change or change point) through time. Not incorporating or accounting for observed nonstationarity into peak-flow frequency analysis might result in a poor representation of the true probability of large floods and thus misrepresent the actual flood risks to life and property. This report summarizes how hydroclimatic variability might affect the temporal and spatial distributions of peak-flow data in the State of Montana (and northern Wyoming) and is part of a larger study to document peak-flow nonstationarity and hydroclimatic changes across a nine-State region consisting of Illinois, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. A wide range of analyses and statistical approaches are applied to document the primary mechanisms controlling floods and characterize temporal changes in hydroclimatic variables and peak flows. This study was completed in cooperation with the Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation.
The purpose of this report is to characterize temporal and spatial patterns of nonstationarity in peak flows and hydroclimatology in Montana and northern Wyoming. In this evaluation, peak-flow, daily streamflow, and model-simulated gridded climatic data were examined for monotonic trends, change points, and other statistical properties that might indicate changing climatic and environmental conditions. This report includes background information on the study area, the history of U.S. Geological Survey peak-flow data collection and frequency analysis in Montana, and the review of research relating to hydroclimatic variability and change in Montana. This study might help provide a framework for addressing potential nonstationarity issues in peak-flow frequency updates that commonly are completed by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with other agencies throughout the Nation.
The analytical structure of this study includes analyses of monotonic trends and change points in numerous hydroclimatic variables in assigned 30-, 50-, 75-, and 100-year analysis periods. For Montana and part of Wyoming, the 30-, 50-, 75, and 100-year analyses included 157, 70, 48, and 12 streamgages, respectively. For those streamgages, nonstationarities were analyzed in the following variables: (1) climatic variables, including annual and seasonal (winter, spring, summer, and fall) temperature and precipitation; (2) daily streamflow variables, including the annual center of volume duration, annual center of volume median, and peaks over threshold with a mean of four events per year; and (3) annual peak-flow variables, including peak-flow timing and magnitude. A likelihood approach was used to express statistical confidence and assign the nonstationarity results as likely upward or downward (highest statistical confidence), somewhat likely upward or downward (less statistical confidence), or about as likely as not (little statistical confidence; hereinafter, neutral). For the nonstationarity analyses of the climatic, daily streamflow, and peak-flow variables, the results are presented in detail and discussed with respect to statewide patterns and geographic variability. For each of the 30-, 50-, and 75-year analyses, peak-flow change-point and monotonic trend analyses were compiled for streamgages classified with likely downward or likely upward trends. For those streamgages, the associated basin characteristics and nonstationarity results for peak-flow timing, daily streamflow, and climatic variables were investigated and statistically compared to discern associations among other variables that might contribute to the peak-flow nonstationarity results.
The 50- and 75-year peak-flow nonstationarities identified in this study are mostly downward, in association with mostly upward temperature and potential evapotranspiration:precipitation monotonic trends. For the 50-, 75-, and 100-year analyses, the peak-flow change points are predominantly downward and are concentrated in the 1970s and 1980s, which indicates general consistency among the longer trend periods. These findings are in association with substantial research documenting globally rising temperature and atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations that might be largely attributed to anthropogenic activities. Anthropogenic effects might represent long-term (on the order of several decades to more than a century) climate changes that might happen within highly variable natural climate fluctuations. Several paleo studies in the north-central United States have indicated that hydroclimatic extremes (that is, low- and high-streamflow conditions) before European settlement have been outside of extremes since the 1900s. Depending on the interactions of anthropogenic effects and natural climate variability, extreme high-streamflow conditions might occur in the future, even in the presence of long-term downward peak-flow trends.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20235064G","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation","usgsCitation":"Sando, S.K., Barth, N.A., Sando, R., and Chase, K.J., 2025, Peak streamflow trends in Montana and northern Wyoming and their relation to changes in climate, water years 1921–2020, chap. G of Ryberg, K.R., comp., Peak streamflow trends and their relation to changes in climate in Illinois, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2023–5064, 129 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235064G.","productDescription":"Report: x, 129 p.; Data Release; Dataset","numberOfPages":"144","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-159092","costCenters":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486055,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5064/g/sir20235064g.pdf","text":"Report","size":"19 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2023-5064-G"},{"id":486054,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5064/g/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":486056,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5064/g/sir20235064g.XML"},{"id":486057,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5064/g/images/"},{"id":486059,"rank":6,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20235064G/full"},{"id":499038,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_118575.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":486073,"rank":7,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS National Water Information System database","linkHelpText":"- USGS water data for the Nation"},{"id":486058,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9R71WWZ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Peak streamflow data, climate data, and results from investigating hydroclimatic trends and climate change effects on peak streamflow in the Central United States, 1921–2020"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.16658108866669,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -116.16658108866669,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -104.0598539498924,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -104.0598539498924,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -116.16658108866669,\n 49\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3162 Bozeman Avenue
Helena, MT 59601
We explore how and when Hells Canyon, North America’s deepest river gorge (~2,400 m deep), formed, addressing these fundamental questions first posed by W. Lindgren [The Gold Belt of the Blue Mountains of Oregon (1901)]. Existing hypotheses about the canyon’s formation and timing of incision remain speculative due to a lack of direct constraints and geomorphic analysis in the canyon. Herein, we combine cosmogenic nuclide dating of cave-bound river deposits, river profile analysis, and numerical modeling to provide the first direct age constraints and systematic analysis of incision processes at work in Hells Canyon. Our study reveals a significant drainage capture triggered rapid incision at ~2.1 ± 1.0 Ma, establishing the Snake River’s modern route into the Columbia River system. The increased drainage area and subsequent increase in stream power resulted in the rapid incision of Hells Canyon and the formation of tributary knickpoints (KPs) that decrease in elevation away from the capture location. Cosmogenic dating of cave deposits indicates incision rates increased from ~0.01 to ~0.16 mm y−1. Numerical modeling of the stream capture supports these observations, demonstrating how abrupt drainage area increase drives rapid river incision. Our findings from Hells Canyon provide a well-constrained example of how drainage capture can dramatically shape the evolution of a major river gorge.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2413069122","usgsCitation":"Morriss, M., Mitchell, N., Yanites, B., Staisch, L.M., and Korup, O., 2025, Cave records reveal recent origin of North America’s deepest canyon: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 122, no. 21, e2413069122, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2413069122.","productDescription":"e2413069122, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-167780","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490153,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2413069122","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":486579,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Hell's Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.54194789662489,\n 46.1007348974789\n ],\n [\n -117.54194789662489,\n 44.98900450879145\n ],\n [\n -116.26934949051348,\n 44.98900450879145\n ],\n [\n -116.26934949051348,\n 46.1007348974789\n ],\n [\n -117.54194789662489,\n 46.1007348974789\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"122","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morriss, Matthew","contributorId":355886,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morriss","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mitchell, Nate","contributorId":355887,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Nate","affiliations":[{"id":37145,"text":"Indiana University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yanites, Brian","contributorId":91373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yanites","given":"Brian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":938356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Staisch, Lydia M. 0000-0002-1414-5994 lstaisch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1414-5994","contributorId":167068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staisch","given":"Lydia","email":"lstaisch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Korup, Oliver","contributorId":218071,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Korup","given":"Oliver","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39735,"text":"Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Potsdam, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70267066,"text":"fs20253024 - 2025 - Diagnostic success—A quick guide to quality carcass submissions for diagnostic services","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-24T19:16:19.049912","indexId":"fs20253024","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-19T09:21:03","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-3024","displayTitle":"Diagnostic Success—A Quick Guide to Quality Carcass Submissions for Diagnostic Services","title":"Diagnostic success—A quick guide to quality carcass submissions for diagnostic services","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center provides diagnostic services to determine causes of wildlife morbidity and mortality events to State, Federal, and Tribal partners. To accomplish this, we rely on the timely collection and evaluation of submitted carcasses and the epidemiologic information relayed from personnel in the field. Our current submission criteria can be found here: https://www.usgs.gov/centers/nwhc/science/diagnostic-case-submission-guidelines. If the majority of carcasses found in the field are unsuitable for submission, then sick animals (birds, mammals, reptiles) that have been euthanized are acceptable specimens. Depending on the agency or affiliated institution, there may be additional requirements for submission. When applicable, always consult the organization’s wildlife health or veterinary staff.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20253024","usgsCitation":"Bodenstein, B.L., and Weidenkopf, S.J., 2025, Diagnostic success—A quick guide to quality carcass submissions for diagnostic services: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2025–3024, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20253024.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-171086","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486010,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2025/3024/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":486011,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2025/3024/fs20253024.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2025-3024"},{"id":486012,"rank":3,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2025/3024/images/"},{"id":486019,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2025/3024/fs20253024.XML"},{"id":486020,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/fs20253024/full"}],"contact":"Director, National Wildlife Health Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6006 Schroeder Road
Madison, WI 53711
Infrasound (acoustic waves below 20 Hz) can be used to detect, locate and quantify activity in the atmosphere such as volcanic eruptions and anthropogenic explosions. Attempts to quantify volcanic eruption parameters such as exit velocity, plume height and mass flow rate using infrasound data depend strongly on assumptions of the acoustic source type. Infrasonic sources may produce omnidirectional or directional wavefields, while propagation effects, such as interaction with topography, can induce further wavefield directivity that is measured by field instrumentation. Limited sampling of these wavefields can hinder our ability to infer the underlying source, and thus our understanding of the eruption characteristics. Equivalent sources are often used to represent acoustic source mechanisms and resultant wavefields. In this study, we review equivalent acoustic sources as they pertain to infrasonic scale and wavelengths commonly encountered in very local (<5 km range) geophysical field deployments. We highlight the equivalent infrasonic bipole source that can be induced by ground-reflection of an elevated monopole; we are not aware of any prior infrasound studies that use the bipole source concept. We use analytical and numerical methods to explore source directivity of monopole, dipole and bipole ground-reflected sources at infrasonic frequencies as well as the additional directivity complications introduced by interactions with topography. We illustrate that for typical volcano-infrasound wavelengths, increasing height above the ground as well as increasing source frequency leads to increased wavefield directivity. Numerical modelling using a simple omnidirectional monopole source embedded in topography further illustrates that both horizontal and vertical infrasound directionality can be induced by topography at the distance scales appropriate for local volcano infrasound monitoring. Information summarized in this analytical and numerical exploration of infrasound directivity may be used to help guide future volcano-infrasound field deployments intended to estimate source parameters or quantify wavefield directivity. Analytic solutions for simple whole-space or half-space atmospheres provide useful formulations for planning or initially analysing geophysical field-scale experimental data; however, especially at very local distances from the source (<5 km), 3-D simulations are necessary to account for complex topography commonly encountered in volcano-infrasound applications.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/gji/ggaf180","usgsCitation":"Iezzi, A.M., Matoza, R.S., Opper, E., and Kim, K., 2025, Infrasonic directivity of monopole, dipole, and bipole ground-surface reflected sources: Geophysical Journal International, v. 242, no. 2, ggaf180, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaf180.","productDescription":"ggaf180, 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-175386","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":493308,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaf180","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":492906,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"242","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Iezzi, Alexandra M. 0000-0002-6782-7681","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6782-7681","contributorId":304206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iezzi","given":"Alexandra","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":943967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matoza, Robin S.","contributorId":257265,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matoza","given":"Robin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Opper, Emma V.","contributorId":358570,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Opper","given":"Emma V.","affiliations":[{"id":85657,"text":"Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Colorado Boulder","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kim, Keehoon","contributorId":252842,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kim","given":"Keehoon","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27196,"text":"LANL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70267753,"text":"70267753 - 2025 - Serological assessment of pathogen exposure among desert bighorn sheep in southwestern Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-30T15:55:56.491711","indexId":"70267753","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-19T08:50:13","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5991,"text":"The Southwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Serological assessment of pathogen exposure among desert bighorn sheep in southwestern Arizona","docAbstract":"Bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) are influenced by infectious diseases. Although Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae has been the main focus of bighorn sheep managers since early 2010, other pathogens may also influence bighorn sheep populations. We sampled desert bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis mexicana) captured for a study on the Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge in southwestern Arizona, USA, 2001–2005, for a suite of pathogens: bluetongue (BT), epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD), parainfluenza 3, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, Clamydia, seven Leptospira serovars, bovine herpesvirus 1 (causative agent of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis), bovine viral diarrhea virus, and bovine respiratory syncytial virus. We recorded evidence of exposure to seven of these pathogens, with two Leptospira serovars (hardjo and bratislava), five strains of BT, and two strains of EHD detected. Seroprevalence rates of detected pathogens varied between 12–49%. We observed high levels of co-occurrence for EHD and BT. These results highlight that multiple pathogens may influence desert bighorn sheep populations. These data also provide historical context to pathogen exposure for a region where few such data are available.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1894/0038-4909-68.4.6","usgsCitation":"Padilla, C., Cain, J.W., Gompper, M., Krausman, P., and Devos, J., 2025, Serological assessment of pathogen exposure among desert bighorn sheep in southwestern Arizona: The Southwestern Naturalist, v. 68, no. 4, p. 294-300, https://doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909-68.4.6.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"294","endPage":"300","ipdsId":"IP-158089","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489284,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.0165865297831,\n 32.53576263609473\n ],\n [\n -114.0165865297831,\n 31.947344458858936\n ],\n [\n -112.69784561865545,\n 31.947344458858936\n ],\n [\n -112.69784561865545,\n 32.53576263609473\n ],\n [\n -114.0165865297831,\n 32.53576263609473\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"68","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Padilla, Colton J.","contributorId":353982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Padilla","given":"Colton J.","affiliations":[{"id":12628,"text":"New Mexico State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cain, James W. III 0000-0003-4743-516X jwcain@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4743-516X","contributorId":4063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"James","suffix":"III","email":"jwcain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gompper, Matthew E.","contributorId":353984,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gompper","given":"Matthew E.","affiliations":[{"id":12628,"text":"New Mexico State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Krausman, Paul R.","contributorId":356094,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krausman","given":"Paul R.","affiliations":[{"id":12628,"text":"New Mexico State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Devos, JIM","contributorId":356095,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Devos","given":"JIM","affiliations":[{"id":12628,"text":"New Mexico State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70267840,"text":"70267840 - 2025 - Cultivating reciprocity and supporting Indigenous lifeways through the cultural transformation of natural resource management in North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-04T13:50:11.217859","indexId":"70267840","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-19T08:47:04","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5936,"text":"People and Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cultivating reciprocity and supporting Indigenous lifeways through the cultural transformation of natural resource management in North America","docAbstract":"Artificially propagated Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) are produced for restoration and for use in dam passage studies to reduce the demand for wild fish. Such uses require that animals are representative of their wild counterparts. Previous work indicated that this is true for Pacific lamprey larvae and juveniles reared in the hatchery with respect to the length of sustained swimming. However, more subtle differences in behaviour and performance that lamprey need to survive have not been assessed. In this study, artificially propagated and wild fish were compared in laboratory tests under no-flow conditions to examine light avoidance, burrowing speed, burst swim speed, volitional routine swim speed and time to come to rest. Most larvae burrowed in less than a minute, and we found highly significant differences (p < 0.001) between artificially propagated and wild larvae burrowing times, a critical escape behaviour. This could have implications for studies of larval entrainment at irrigation diversion canals or in turbine boils at dams. Interestingly, all of the wild juveniles tested came to rest quickly after introduction to the chamber (1.5 min), while artificially propagated lamprey swam robotically near the surface and 48% did not come to rest in the first 10 min (median time to rest = 9.5 min). In contrast, wild juveniles quickly (median = 1.47 min) sought areas near the tank bottom and attached strongly with their oral disc. Such behavioural differences could have important survival consequences for artificially propagated lamprey as they approach turbine intakes, bypass screens and irrigation diversion headgates. This study highlights the need to conduct behavioural assays that examine subtleties of fish behaviour that can be missed with traditional swim tunnel comparisons.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/aff2.70070","usgsCitation":"Frick, K., Moser, M.L., Liedtke, T., Weiland, L.K., Maine, A.N., and Jackson, A.D., 2025, Performance comparisons for artificially propagated and wild Pacific lamprey juveniles and larvae: Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries, v. 5, no. 3, e70070, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.70070.","productDescription":"e70070, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-163466","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499318,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.70070","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499018,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"plainLanguageSummary":"Disease, alone or combined with other stressors such as habitat loss and contaminants, affects wildlife populations worldwide. However, interactions among stressors and how they affect demography and populations remain poorly understood. The amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis; Bd) is a sometimes-lethal pathogen linked with population declines and extirpations of amphibians globally. Laboratory evidence shows ubiquitous contaminants like methylmercury (MeHg) can reduce vigor and survival of amphibians, but population-level effects remain unclear. We used non-lethal sampling to assess how Bd and MeHg affected survival of juvenile and adult amphibians in 20 populations across the USA. Survival of several species declined with increasing Bd loads, including some species previously considered resistant to Bd (e.g., eastern newt [Notophthalmus viridescens]). Although our sampling for MeHg was less intensive than for Bd, we found MeHg can both directly reduce survival and synergistically magnify the effects of Bd infection. For a population of foothill yellow-legged frogs (Rana boylii), the estimated reduction in survival from MeHg exceeded that from Bd. Although effects varied widely among populations and species, our results help clarify the potential for synergistic effects of disease and contaminants and emphasize the complexity of identifying and quantifying the population-level effects of interactions among stressors.
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0000-0002-7799-4440","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7799-4440","contributorId":299215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rumrill","given":"Caitlin","email":"","middleInitial":"Teresa","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":939251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Tornabene, Brian J. 0000-0002-2348-3119","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2348-3119","contributorId":303977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tornabene","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":939252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Waddle, J. Hardin 0000-0003-1940-2133","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1940-2133","contributorId":222916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddle","given":"J. Hardin","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":939253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Walls, Susan C. 0000-0001-7391-9155","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-9155","contributorId":216235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walls","given":"Susan","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":939254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Campbell Grant, Evan H. 0000-0003-4401-6496 ehgrant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-6496","contributorId":150443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell Grant","given":"Evan","email":"ehgrant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":939255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25}]}} ,{"id":70270600,"text":"70270600 - 2025 - Protected from Pterygoplichthys? Predicting thermal habitat suitability for nonnative armored catfish in the Suwannee River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-21T15:24:33.358166","indexId":"70270600","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Protected from Pterygoplichthys? Predicting thermal habitat suitability for nonnative armored catfish in the Suwannee River","docAbstract":"Objective
Nonnative fishes can modify ecosystems and harm economies when they are introduced to new environments. Climate change is likely to assist the spread and establishment of some nonnative fishes (e.g., warmwater species), but spatiotemporal gaps in water temperature monitoring and modeling may prevent ecologists and managers from forecasting thermal habitat suitability for these taxa. The purpose of this study was to develop a predictive model of winter water temperatures and thermal habitat suitability for two priority nonnative armored catfish, Vermiculated Sailfin Catfish Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus and Orinoco Sailfin Catfish P. multiradiatus, in the Suwannee River, Florida and Georgia.
Methods
Precipitation- and groundwater-corrected air–water temperature models were developed and evaluated using a model selection procedure to predict water temperatures at four sites in the Suwannee River. These models were chosen because they blend the simplicity of air–water temperature models with the accuracy of hydrometeorological models to create an efficient, economical, management-relevant approach for analyzing and forecasting water temperature.
Results
Most of the top-performing water temperature models (92%) had precipitation or groundwater corrections to air–water temperature formulations. Projected mean and maximum water temperatures increased as simulated climate change intensified. All four Suwannee River sites studied were projected to be thermally hospitable to the survival of Vermiculated Sailfin Catfish. Lower river sites, noticeably warmer than upper river sites, were conducive to the survival of Orinoco Sailfin Catfish throughout the winter months. The upper river sites were too cold for Orinoco Sailfin Catfish survival in some climate-change scenarios, but the Suwannee River has an abundance of constant-temperature springs that are likely hospitable to Vermiculated Sailfin Catfish and Orinoco Sailfin Catfish throughout the year.
Conclusions
The findings suggest that winter water temperatures will likely not be a barrier to the survival of Pterygoplichthys catfish in the Suwannee River, amplifying the importance of conservation and management approaches to inhibit their spread and establishment. If the Pterygoplichthys population remains small and isolated and decision makers are able to devote required staff time and resources to managing these species, removal and eradication at local if not broader scales may be reasonable goals. This study provides a water temperature modeling approach that can aid ecologists and managers in prioritizing sites to prevent the introduction, slow the dispersal, eradicate, and control Pterygoplichthys catfish and other nonnative fishes in the Suwannee River and beyond.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/tafafs/vnaf018","usgsCitation":"Carlson, A.K., 2025, Protected from Pterygoplichthys? Predicting thermal habitat suitability for nonnative armored catfish in the Suwannee River: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 154, no. 4, p. 398-413, https://doi.org/10.1093/tafafs/vnaf018.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"398","endPage":"413","ipdsId":"IP-171826","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":494463,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tafafs/vnaf018","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":494386,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida, Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Suwannee River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.76698997402998,\n 31.112972868570907\n ],\n [\n -83.18475784303796,\n 30.177311490235\n ],\n [\n -83.16967351009271,\n 29.211264445611363\n ],\n [\n -82.78703329930818,\n 29.017838843725343\n ],\n [\n -82.37936790717382,\n 30.074113688375725\n ],\n [\n -82.26360657954834,\n 31.112972868570907\n ],\n [\n -82.76698997402998,\n 31.112972868570907\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"154","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlson, Andrew Kenneth 0000-0002-6681-0853","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6681-0853","contributorId":340581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"Kenneth","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":946650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70269986,"text":"70269986 - 2025 - Predator-induced injury of a neonatal pronghorn cues abandonment of current reproductive investment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-07T15:29:06.180863","indexId":"70269986","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-18T10:20:48","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predator-induced injury of a neonatal pronghorn cues abandonment of current reproductive investment","docAbstract":"Evolutionary theory predicts that parental care is favored when the fitness benefits outweigh the costs of providing care (Klug et al., 2012). In mammals, parental care is generally provided by females, who provide nourishment through lactation, protection from predators, aid in juvenile movement, or otherwise facilitate offspring survival (Balshine, 2012; Lent, 1974). However, in capital breeding species that rely on stored energy reserves for reproduction, increased investment can reduce the female's body condition and the number of offspring produced in subsequent years (Balme et al., 2017; Cook et al., 2013; Stephens et al., 2009). Unlike income breeders, which produce offspring from concurrent energy uptake, capital breeders deplete energy stores during reproduction, and lactation hinders the recovery of these stores (Clutton-Brock et al., 1983; Cook et al., 2013; Stephens et al., 2009). Consequently, iteroparous mammals face a trade-off between investing in current offspring and investing in maintenance or future offspring (Hamel et al., 2010; Stearns, 1989; Williams, 1966).
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecy.70111","usgsCitation":"Dart, M.M., Turnley, M.T., Rickels, C.M., Tanner, E.P., Colter Chitwood, M., DeYoung, R.W., Fairbanks, W.S., Hahn, D.P., Heffelfinger, L.J., Lonsinger, R.C., Wang, H.G., and Cherry, M.J., 2025, Predator-induced injury of a neonatal pronghorn cues abandonment of current reproductive investment: Ecology, v. 106, no. 5, e70111, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.70111.","productDescription":"e70111, 6 p.","ipdsId":"IP-171928","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":493715,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"106","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dart, Marlin M.","contributorId":359315,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dart","given":"Marlin","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turnley, Matthew T.","contributorId":359316,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turnley","given":"Matthew","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rickels, Celine M.J.","contributorId":359317,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rickels","given":"Celine","middleInitial":"M.J.","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tanner, Evan P.","contributorId":359318,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tanner","given":"Evan","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Colter Chitwood, M.","contributorId":359319,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colter Chitwood","given":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"DeYoung, Randy W.","contributorId":359322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeYoung","given":"Randy","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fairbanks, W. Sue","contributorId":359325,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fairbanks","given":"W.","middleInitial":"Sue","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hahn, Derek P.","contributorId":359328,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hahn","given":"Derek","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Heffelfinger, Levi J.","contributorId":359331,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heffelfinger","given":"Levi","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Lonsinger, Robert Charles 0000-0002-1040-7299","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1040-7299","contributorId":340524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lonsinger","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"Charles","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wang, H. George","contributorId":359338,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"H.","middleInitial":"George","affiliations":[{"id":85772,"text":"East Central University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Cherry, Michael J.","contributorId":359341,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cherry","given":"Michael","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70267371,"text":"70267371 - 2025 - A review of standardization in Mississippi’s multidecadal inland fisheries monitoring program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-21T14:29:44.778022","indexId":"70267371","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-18T09:27:15","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6476,"text":"Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A review of standardization in Mississippi’s multidecadal inland fisheries monitoring program","docAbstract":"Standardizing data collection, management, and analysis processes can improve the reliability and efficiency of fisheries monitoring programs, yet few studies have examined the operationalization of these tasks within agency settings. We reviewed the Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks, Fisheries Bureau’s inland recreational fisheries monitoring program—a 30+-year effort to standardize field protocols, data handling procedures, and automated analyses through a custom-built computer application, the Fisheries Resources Analysis System (FRAS). Drawing on quantitative summaries of sampling trends and qualitative interviews with fisheries managers, we identified key benefits, challenges, and opportunities associated with the Bureau’s standardization efforts. Standardized procedures improved sampling consistency, data reliability, and operational efficiency, enabling the long-term tracking of fish population and angler metrics across more than 270 managed waterbodies. However, challenges related to analytical transparency and spatiotemporal comparisons persist. Simulations indicated that under current conditions, 5.8, 22.9, and 37.1 years would be required to sample (boat electrofishing) 50%, 75%, and 95% of the Bureau’s waterbodies at least once, respectively; these figures should translate to other agencies, assuming similar resource availability per waterbody. The monitoring program has reduced manual processing effort and enhanced staff capacity for waterbody-specific management, yet several opportunities remain to improve efficiency and utility. These include expanding FRAS functionalities for trend visualization, integrating mobile field data entry to reduce transcription errors, linking monitoring results with management objectives, and enhancing automated report generation for management support. Strengthening these elements could not only streamline workflows but better position agencies to apply standardized data in adaptive management embedded into the monitoring program.
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geophysics, and temperature for groundwater TDS in the San Ardo Oil Field, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-28T14:15:05.548599","indexId":"70267512","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-18T09:08:06","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A joint Gaussian process model of geochemistry, geophysics, and temperature for groundwater TDS in the San Ardo Oil Field, California, USA","docAbstract":"Although prevalent for the late Holocene, relative sea level (RSL) constraints during and immediately after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) are sparse. This scarcity of data is particularly pronounced along mid-latitude shelves such as central California, which lack post LGM RSL constraints older than 12 ka. In this study we collected 7 sediment cores and high-resolution seismic data from Estero Bay to constrain RSLs across the central California shelf between ∼9 and ∼16 ka. We reconstructed these RSLs using two sea-level indicators found within our sediment cores: the wave ravinement shell hash burial surface (WRSHBS) and the sedimentary contact between offshore mud facies and ripple cross-laminated sands. To determine the indicative meaning of these two sea-level indicators, we examined the relationship between the local wave regime, modern bathymetric profiles, and the depth of preservation of each sea-level indicator. After correcting for tectonic uplift, we estimated sea levels in central California to have been ∼39 ± 7.5 and 49 ± 7.5 m below present sea level between 9 and 12 ka, in agreement with previous RSL reconstructions along this coast. Between 13.8 and 15.9 ka, we estimate sea levels to have reached ∼86 ± 8–99 ± 8 m below present sea level. Our findings offer a Late Pleistocene RSL reconstruction for central California and develop new methodologies for estimating past RSLs on similar mid-latitude shelves.
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Gary","contributorId":357461,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greene","given":"H. 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Dozens of organizations from government agencies, nonprofits, and Tribal Nations have developed projects and monitoring programs to analyze and protect the water resources of the watershed and sound. The abundance of data and lack of an existing searchable index require a centralized metadata repository to allow users to find water resources data more efficiently. 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U.S. Geological Survey
425 Jordan Road
Troy, NY 12180-8349
The Long Island Sound watershed is home to nearly 9 million people in parts of Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Canada. Government agencies, nonprofits, and Tribal Nations have overseen numerous projects to monitor and protect the water resources of this watershed and the sound. Although there is an abundance of data, there is no easy way to search them or a central place to manage this information. To help, the U.S. Geological Survey, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and the Long Island Sound Study have created an interactive map to help users find and understand data about the water resources of the Long Island Sound and its watershed.
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U.S. Geological Survey, MS 511
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
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Email: 3DEP@usgs.gov
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U.S. Geological Survey
601 SW Second Avenue, Suite 1950
Portland, Oregon 97204
The terrestrial management plan for Palmyra Atoll includes large-scale removal of coconut (Cocos nucifera) as part of native forest restoration and contaminant remediation that will leave soils and vegetation communities profoundly altered. To inform those efforts and provide baseline data for restoration monitoring, woody stem crowns and vegetation communities at Palmyra Atoll were mapped using existing datasets and manual photointerpretation of high-resolution aerial imagery collected using uncrewed aerial systems. Coconut palm, grand devil's claws (Pisonia grandis), and numerous other species were delineated as either individual crowns, crown portions, or species patches. The extent of land area at high tide was also delineated based on vegetation patterns, topographic indicators, and deposition lines of vegetation litter and flotsam. Finally, in a novel “bottom-up” approach to vegetation community mapping, crown maps were used to delineate U.S. National Vegetation Classification System vegetation communities and other management areas. Of the more than 44,000 mapped crowns, coconut was by far the most abundant species, comprising nearly half of the mapped stems. By establishing a quantitative baseline for current habitat conditions, this project facilitates the integration of contaminant remediation recovery activities with habitat restoration planning, implementation, and monitoring at Palmyra Atoll. Results illustrate the appropriateness of the mapping approach for plant species-level censuses and cover estimation over relatively small areas to aid in inventory and monitoring and to facilitate management planning. The relatively simple mapping methods used in this study are appropriate for resource managers with limited human and computational resources to support automated mapping.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii Press","doi":"10.2984/78.3.4","usgsCitation":"Struckhoff, M., 2025, Pre-restoration woody species crown and vegetation community mapping using high-resolution uncrewed aerial system imagery, Palmyra Atoll: Pacific Science, v. 78, no. 3, p. 279-293, https://doi.org/10.2984/78.3.4.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"279","endPage":"293","ipdsId":"IP-167800","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486215,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Palmyra Atoll","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -162.11964162708554,\n 5.904086042937834\n ],\n [\n -162.11964162708554,\n 5.857794667611088\n ],\n [\n -162.03636083136453,\n 5.857794667611088\n ],\n [\n -162.03636083136453,\n 5.904086042937834\n ],\n [\n -162.11964162708554,\n 5.904086042937834\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"78","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Struckhoff, Matthew 0000-0002-4911-9956","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4911-9956","contributorId":201512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Struckhoff","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":937678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70269069,"text":"70269069 - 2025 - If you build it, will they come? Assessing the response of tiger populations to elevated conservation efforts in lowland Nepal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-16T13:42:27.704339","indexId":"70269069","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-16T08:35:30","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3871,"text":"Global Ecology and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"If you build it, will they come? Assessing the response of tiger populations to elevated conservation efforts in lowland Nepal","docAbstract":"Thirteen countries within the distributional range of tigers adopted the St. Petersburg Declaration in 2010, committing to double their tiger populations by 2022. As a signatory to this document, Nepal elevated its tiger conservation efforts soon after the declaration was adopted. Using capture-mark-recapture (CMR) analyses of tiger survey data (2013–2022), we assessed the response of tiger populations to enhanced conservation measures in Banke and Bardia national parks (NP) in western lowland of Nepal. In Bardia NP, estimated tiger numbers increased from 49 in 2013 to 122 in 2022, and estimated population density increased from 3.39 in 2013 to 8.47 tigers/100 km2 in 2022). Female survival rate was consistently higher than male, with 87.06 % during 2013–2018 and 89.08 % during 2018–2022, compared to 72.9 % and 76.6 % for males in the respective periods. Additionally, the female population grew at a faster rate (6–7 % per year vs. ∼ 2 % per year for males). In Banke NP, tiger abundance increased from 3 to 22 between 2013 and 2022, and population density increased from 0.34 to 2.42/100 km2 over the same period. The remarkable 7-fold increase in tiger abundance within the Banke NP was facilitated by high male and female survival rates (≥ 90 % per year), as well as high recruitment rates (0.27 individual−1 year−1) from 2013 to 2018, leading to a robust (18–20 %) annual population growth rate. Tigers were recolonizing Banke NP at the beginning of this study, and the area offered ample space and a recovering prey base. This facilitated the recruitment of dispersers from the larger population in Bardia NP and allowed survival to be high by eliminating mortality due to density-dependent intra-specific aggression. Our results not only suggest that Nepal has met or exceeded its commitment to the St. Petersburg Declaration in Banke and Bardia NPs, but they highlight the ability of certain tiger populations to respond quickly and positively to enhanced conservation measures given suitable habitat and a healthy prey base.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03632","usgsCitation":"Lamichhane, S., Pathak, A., Karki, A., Khatiwada, A., Pokheral, C.P., Hines, J.E., Onorato, D.P., Stein, T., and Oli, M., 2025, If you build it, will they come? Assessing the response of tiger populations to elevated conservation efforts in lowland Nepal: Global Ecology and Conservation, v. 60, e03632, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03632.","productDescription":"e03632, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-172084","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":492499,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03632","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":492341,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Nepal","otherGeospatial":"Banke National Park, Bardia National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 81.21243616640487,\n 28.814284168801763\n ],\n [\n 80.92541905887717,\n 28.44135810205067\n ],\n [\n 81.84220185865365,\n 27.8331018653778\n ],\n [\n 82.23232219898381,\n 28.00056066689831\n ],\n [\n 82.10971294916527,\n 28.27580010616687\n ],\n [\n 81.21243616640487,\n 28.814284168801763\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"60","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lamichhane, Saneer","contributorId":358054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lamichhane","given":"Saneer","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pathak, Abhinaya","contributorId":358055,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pathak","given":"Abhinaya","affiliations":[{"id":85578,"text":"Department of National Parks & Wildlife Conservation, Babar Mahal, Kathmandu","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Karki, Ajay","contributorId":344545,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karki","given":"Ajay","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":82383,"text":"Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation, Babarmahal, Kathmandu","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Khatiwada, Ambika P.","contributorId":358057,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Khatiwada","given":"Ambika P.","affiliations":[{"id":85580,"text":"National Trust for Nature Conservation,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pokheral, Chiranjibi Prasad","contributorId":201696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pokheral","given":"Chiranjibi","email":"","middleInitial":"Prasad","affiliations":[{"id":36232,"text":"National Trust for Nature Conservation, Khumaltar, POB 3712, Lalitpur, Nepal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hines, James E. 0000-0001-5478-7230 jhines@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":146530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"James","email":"jhines@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":943210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Onorato, Dave P.","contributorId":171827,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Onorato","given":"Dave","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":943211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Stein, Taylor V.","contributorId":358058,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stein","given":"Taylor V.","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Oli, Madan K.","contributorId":352359,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oli","given":"Madan K.","affiliations":[{"id":84187,"text":"Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Newins-Zeigler Hall, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70266505,"text":"70266505 - 2025 - Remote sensing of river discharge based on critical flow theory","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-09T15:35:03.88114","indexId":"70266505","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-16T08:27:22","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Remote sensing of river discharge based on critical flow theory","docAbstract":"Critical flow theory provides a physical foundation for inferring discharge from measurements of wavelength and channel width made from images. In rivers with hydraulically steep local slopes greater than
∼0.01, flow velocities are high and the Froude number F r (ratio of inertial to gravitational forces) can approach 1.0 (critical flow) or greater. Under these conditions, undular hydraulic jumps (UHJ's) can form as standing wave trains at slope transitions or constrictions. The presence of UHJ's indicates that mean F r ≈ 1, implying that the velocity and depth of the flow and the spacing of the waves are uniquely related to one another. Discharges estimated from 82 Google Earth images agreed closely with discharges recorded at gaging stations (R2 = 0.98), with a mean bias of 1% ± 11%. This approach could provide reliable discharge information in many fluvial environments where critical flow occurs, which tend to be underrepresented in gage networks
Invasive Burmese pythons (Python bivittatus) are extremely cryptic animals. Although their conservation status in their native range is Vulnerable, in the Greater Everglades Ecosystem (Florida, USA) they have become a dominant destructive force and usually are immediately removed whenever found. This poses a paradox where removals are occurring, yet the study and understanding of python ecology is needed to inform removal methods. An important component of life history includes the nesting season, but little is known about python nest site selection, nest brooding, thermogenesis, or hatching success in the wild. Here, we present the first complete and most detailed report of oviposition and brooding for this biologically significant time period of a female Burmese python. We describe anthropogenic nest site selection, document the extent of shivering thermogenesis, describe brooding behaviors, and provide photo-documentation of complete hatching of the largest python clutch on record.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70271","usgsCitation":"Currylow, A.F., McBride, L.M., Anderson, G.E., Guzy, J.C., McCollister, M., Romagosa, C., Hart, K., and Yackel Adams, A.A., 2025, Wild Burmese python nest site selection, thermogenesis, and brooding behaviors in the Greater Everglades Ecosystem: Ecosphere, v. 16, no. 5, e70271, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70271.","productDescription":"e70271, 8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-147379","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":492479,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70271","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":492139,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Greater Everglades Ecosystem","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.26056296567494,\n 26.62944759399676\n ],\n [\n -82.26056296567494,\n 24.914081290199974\n ],\n [\n -79.89952282220611,\n 24.914081290199974\n ],\n [\n -79.89952282220611,\n 26.62944759399676\n ],\n [\n -82.26056296567494,\n 26.62944759399676\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Currylow, Andrea Faye 0000-0003-1631-8964","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1631-8964","contributorId":257055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Currylow","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"Faye","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":942723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McBride, Lisa Marie 0000-0003-4558-5391","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4558-5391","contributorId":303824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McBride","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"Marie","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":942724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Gretchen Erika 0000-0002-5887-4961","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5887-4961","contributorId":271047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Gretchen","email":"","middleInitial":"Erika","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":942725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guzy, Jacquelyn C. 0000-0003-2648-398X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2648-398X","contributorId":288520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guzy","given":"Jacquelyn","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":942726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McCollister, Matthew F.","contributorId":357875,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCollister","given":"Matthew F.","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":942727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Romagosa, Christina M.","contributorId":357877,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Romagosa","given":"Christina M.","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":942728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hart, Kristen 0000-0002-5257-7974","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5257-7974","contributorId":218455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Kristen","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":942729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Yackel Adams, Amy A. 0000-0002-7044-8447 yackela@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7044-8447","contributorId":3116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackel Adams","given":"Amy","email":"yackela@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":942730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70266894,"text":"ofr20251007 - 2025 - Mapping eelgrass (Zostera marina) cover and biomass at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska, using in-situ field data and Sentinel-2 satellite imagery","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70261584,"text":"70261584 - 2024 - Mapping eelgrass cover and biomass at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska, using in-situ field data and Sentinel-2 satellite imagery","indexId":"70261584","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"title":"Mapping eelgrass cover and biomass at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska, using in-situ field data and Sentinel-2 satellite imagery"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70266894,"text":"ofr20251007 - 2025 - Mapping eelgrass (Zostera marina) cover and biomass at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska, using in-situ field data and Sentinel-2 satellite imagery","indexId":"ofr20251007","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"title":"Mapping eelgrass (Zostera marina) cover and biomass at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska, using in-situ field data and Sentinel-2 satellite imagery"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-20T13:49:59.506555","indexId":"ofr20251007","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-16T07:54:00","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-1007","displayTitle":"Mapping Eelgrass (Zostera marina) Cover and Biomass at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska, Using In-Situ Field Data and Sentinel-2 Satellite Imagery","title":"Mapping eelgrass (Zostera marina) cover and biomass at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska, using in-situ field data and Sentinel-2 satellite imagery","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service have developed a three-tiered strategy for monitoring eelgrass (Zostera marina) beds at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska, that targets different spatial and temporal scales. The broadest-scale monitoring (tier-1) uses satellite imagery about every 5 years to delineate the spatial extent of eelgrass beds throughout the lagoon. This report describes the most recent (mid-2020s) tier-1 eelgrass monitoring at Izembek Lagoon. The monitoring effort began by canvasing all satellite imagery collected during summer, under clear daytime skies and at low-tide, since the last tier-1 effort in 2006. Two eelgrass maps of Izembek Lagoon were generated by first creating maps of spectrally unique classes from two Sentinel-2 satellite images collected on July 1, 2016, and August 14, 2020, then attributing those spectral classes with information about eelgrass conditions based on field data. Specifically, maps depicting various eelgrass metrics, such as percentage of cover and modeled biomass, were generated using summaries of the ground data that spatially intersected each spectral class. Comparisons of the 2016 and 2020 Sentinel-2 maps showing eelgrass distributional extent, as well as a 2006 Landsat map, indicated that areas where eelgrass presence may have declined during 2006–20 were most prevalent in the central part of Izembek Lagoon. More recently, during 2016-20, areas of possible biomass decline were more prevalent in the southern part of the lagoon. Monitoring eelgrass conditions at Izembek Lagoon with satellite imagery and concurrent ground data allows conditions to be compared over time, but the influences of tide levels, growing season phenology, and spatiotemporal co-registration accuracy should be considered when designing and interpreting change detection analyses.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20251007","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","programNote":"Land Management Research Program","usgsCitation":"Douglas, D.C., Fleming, M.D., Patil, V.P., and Ward, D.H., 2025, Mapping eelgrass (Zostera marina) cover and biomass at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska, using in-situ field data and Sentinel-2 satellite imagery: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2025–1007, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20251007. [Supersedes preprint https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.07.607047.]","productDescription":"Report: vii, 30 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-169599","costCenters":[{"id":65299,"text":"Alaska Science Center Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":485960,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1007/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":485963,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1HLTAHD","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Eelgrass (Zostera marina) maps from 2016 and 2020, at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska"},{"id":485961,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1007/ofr20251007.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2025-1007"},{"id":485962,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20251007/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2025-1007"},{"id":485964,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1007/images"},{"id":485965,"rank":6,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1007/ofr20251007.XML"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Izembek Lagoon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -163.098854980302,\n 55.171004418891414\n ],\n [\n -162.87580882559715,\n 55.150219377165826\n ],\n [\n -162.79513255687405,\n 55.2819754305454\n ],\n [\n -162.63219813180595,\n 55.3494888427272\n ],\n [\n -162.52937543637472,\n 55.342292888511395\n ],\n [\n -162.47875503247008,\n 55.40162041992025\n ],\n [\n -162.50248334680037,\n 55.47879257840398\n ],\n [\n -162.74767592913727,\n 55.39443394016618\n ],\n [\n -162.92959300566955,\n 55.31259575418295\n ],\n [\n -163.098854980302,\n 55.171004418891414\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Alaska Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4210 University Drive
Anchorage, Alaska 99508
Highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza A virus (HP H5N1) cases in wild mammals have been increasing globally. Carnivora has been the most affected mammal order; however, the extent of morbidity and mortality in carnivores exposed to HP H5N1 remains undefined. We assessed the presence of antibodies to H5 and N1 in the sera of 16 live-captured bobcats (Lynx rufus) in New York State, USA; reported on postcapture outcomes of HP H5N1-exposed bobcats; and reported on a case of HP H5N1 infection in one bobcat. In 2024, 4/16 bobcats (25%) tested positive for antibodies to H5 and N1. Two bobcats were confirmed alive as of November 2024 according to GPS data; the other two were alive as of June 2024, when their GPS collars stopped communicating. Another bobcat, which was negative for HP H5N1 antibodies at capture, died from HP H5N1 infection within 5 wks of capture. Our results provide evidence of bobcats both surviving and succumbing to HP H5N1 infection and highlight the importance of focused health studies paired with monitoring data to better understand exposure, infection, and outcomes for novel pathogens and species.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.7589/jwd-d-24-00137","usgsCitation":"Turner, H., Fuller, A.K., Twining, J., Hitchener, G., Fadden, M., Stallknecht, D., Poulson, R., Carter, D., Watson, M., Schuler, K., and Bloodgood, J., 2025, Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus exposure and infection in free-ranging bobcats (Lynx rufus) in New York, USA: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 61, no. 2, p. 515-521, https://doi.org/10.7589/jwd-d-24-00137.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"515","endPage":"521","ipdsId":"IP-171388","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":493708,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New 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