Atmospheric rivers (ARs) play vital roles in the western United States and related regions globally, not only producing heavy precipitation and flooding, but also providing beneficial water supply. This paper introduces a scale for the intensity and impacts of ARs. Its utility may be greatest where ARs are the most impactful storm type and hurricanes, nor’easters, and tornadoes are nearly nonexistent. Two parameters dominate the hydrologic outcomes and impacts of ARs: vertically integrated water vapor transport (IVT) and AR duration [i.e., the duration of at least minimal AR conditions (IVT ≥ 250 kg m–1s–1)]. The scale uses an observed or predicted time series of IVT at a given geographic location and is based on the maximum IVT and AR duration at that point during an AR event. AR categories 1–5 are defined by thresholds for maximum IVT (3-h average) of 250, 500, 750, 1,000, and 1,250 kg m–1 s–1, and by IVT exceeding 250 kg m–1 s–1 continuously for 24–48 h. If the AR event duration is less than 24 h, it is downgraded by one category. If it is longer than 48 h, it is upgraded one category. The scale recognizes that weak ARs are often mostly beneficial because they can enhance water supply and snowpack, while stronger ARs can become mostly hazardous, for example, if they strike an area with antecedent conditions that enhance vulnerability, such as burn scars or wet conditions. Extended durations can enhance impacts. Short durations can mitigate impacts.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0023.1","usgsCitation":"Ralph, F.M., Rutz, J.J., Cordeira, J.M., Dettinger, M.D., Anderson, M., Reynolds, D., Schick, L.J., and Smallcomb, C., 2019, A scale to characterize the strength and impacts of atmospheric rivers: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, v. 100, p. 269-289, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0023.1.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"269","endPage":"289","ipdsId":"IP-087000","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460493,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-18-0023.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":361063,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"100","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ralph, F. Martin","contributorId":150276,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ralph","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"Martin","affiliations":[{"id":17953,"text":"Earth Systems Research Lab, NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rutz, Jonathan J.","contributorId":197886,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rutz","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":756747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cordeira, Jason M.","contributorId":197889,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cordeira","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":756746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dettinger, Michael D. 0000-0002-7509-7332 mddettin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":149896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Michael","email":"mddettin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, Michael","contributorId":148971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":756749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Reynolds, David","contributorId":212855,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reynolds","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":38693,"text":"Ret., National Weather Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schick, Lawrence J.","contributorId":212853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schick","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":38692,"text":"Ret., US Army Corps of Engineers","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Smallcomb, Christopher","contributorId":212854,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smallcomb","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12788,"text":"National Weather Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70228125,"text":"70228125 - 2019 - Seasonal home ranges and habitat selection of three elk (Cervus elaphus) herds in North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-04T17:43:06.939077","indexId":"70228125","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-04T11:27:09","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Seasonal home ranges and habitat selection of three elk (Cervus elaphus) herds in North Dakota","title":"Seasonal home ranges and habitat selection of three elk (Cervus elaphus) herds in North Dakota","docAbstract":"Changes in land use have resulted in range shifts of many wildlife species, including those entering novel environments, resulting in the critical need to understand their spatial ecology to inform ecosystem effects and management decisions. Dispersing elk (Cervus elaphus) were colonizing areas of suitable habitat in the Northern Great Plains, USA, resulting in crop depredation complaints in these areas. Although state resource managers had little information on these elk herds, limited evidence suggested temporal movements into Canada. We collected and analyzed essential information on home range and habitat selection for 3 elk herds residing in North Dakota. We captured 5 adult female elk in each study area, affixed global positioning system collars, and monitored them for 1 year (2016–2017). We estimated diel period, seasonal, and hunting season home ranges using Brownian Bridge Movement Models for each individual. We analyzed habitat selection using multinomial logit models to test for differences in use of land classes, and for departures from proportionate use based on random sampling; our predictor variables included individual elk, diel period, and season. Home ranges differed between the 3 herds, seasons, and diel period; gun and winter season home ranges were both larger than in summer, as was night when compared with day. Female elk generally restricted themselves to cover during the day and entered open areas at night and during winter months. Our results also suggest that elk in our study areas tended to seek more cover, and in the case of our Turtle Mountain study area, some cross into Canada during gun season. Our study provides a better understanding of the spatial ecology of elk in the Northern Great Plains while highlighting the need for enhanced international cooperative management efforts.
","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0211650","usgsCitation":"Amor, J.M., Newman, R., Jensen, W.F., Rundquist, B., Walter, W., and Boulanger, J.R., 2019, Seasonal home ranges and habitat selection of three elk (Cervus elaphus) herds in North Dakota: PLoS ONE, v. 14, no. 2, p. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211650.","productDescription":"e0211650, 17 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","ipdsId":"IP-102787","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467935,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211650","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395453,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Pembina Hills, Porcupine Hills, Turtle Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -100.5029296875,\n 48.75075629617738\n ],\n [\n -99.6624755859375,\n 48.75075629617738\n ],\n [\n -99.6624755859375,\n 49.001843917978526\n ],\n [\n -100.5029296875,\n 49.001843917978526\n ],\n [\n -100.5029296875,\n 48.75075629617738\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.37158203125,\n 48.474742152125636\n ],\n [\n -97.61627197265625,\n 48.474742152125636\n ],\n [\n -97.61627197265625,\n 49.00004203215395\n ],\n [\n -98.37158203125,\n 49.00004203215395\n ],\n [\n -98.37158203125,\n 48.474742152125636\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -100.9808349609375,\n 45.98932892799953\n ],\n [\n -100.6951904296875,\n 45.98932892799953\n ],\n [\n -100.6951904296875,\n 46.13607331774968\n ],\n [\n -100.9808349609375,\n 46.13607331774968\n ],\n [\n -100.9808349609375,\n 45.98932892799953\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-02-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Weckerly, Floyd W.","contributorId":15545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weckerly","given":"Floyd","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833214,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Amor, Jacqueline M.","contributorId":274630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amor","given":"Jacqueline","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17628,"text":"University of North Dakota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Newman, Robert","contributorId":248514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Newman","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jensen, William F.","contributorId":204832,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jensen","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":36989,"text":"North Dakota Game and Fish Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rundquist, Bradley 0000-0002-2572-9792","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2572-9792","contributorId":251983,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rundquist","given":"Bradley","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Walter, W. David 0000-0003-3068-1073","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3068-1073","contributorId":219540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walter","given":"W. David","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Boulanger, Jason R.","contributorId":264725,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boulanger","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":17628,"text":"University of North Dakota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70202172,"text":"70202172 - 2019 - Effects of antecedent streamflow and sample timing on trend assessments of fish, invertebrate, and diatom communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-12T16:40:10","indexId":"70202172","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-01T16:40:07","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of antecedent streamflow and sample timing on trend assessments of fish, invertebrate, and diatom communities","docAbstract":"Detecting trends in biological attributes is central to many stream monitoring programs; however, understanding how natural variability in environmental factors affects trend results is not well understood. We evaluated the influence of antecedent streamflow and sample timing (covariates) on trend estimates for fish, invertebrate, and diatom taxa richness and biological condition from 2002 to 2012 at 51 sites distributed across the conterminous United States. A combination of linear regression and Kendall‐tau test for trends were used to evaluate covariate influence on trend estimates. Adjusting for covariates changed the magnitude of trend estimates in two‐thirds of cases on average by 21%, most often reducing the estimated magnitude of the trend. Additionally, covariates influenced the interpretation of over one‐third of trend estimates by either strengthening or weakening trends after adjustment. Our findings clearly indicate that antecedent streamflow and sample timing influences trend estimates and subsequent interpretation. Accounting for covariates during trend analysis will enhance stream monitoring programs by providing a better understanding and interpretation of estimated changes in biological endpoints at monitored sites. Failure to account for antecedent streamflow and sample timing may lead to mischaracterization of a trend and/or misunderstanding of potential causes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.12706","usgsCitation":"Zuellig, R.E., and Carlisle, D.M., 2019, Effects of antecedent streamflow and sample timing on trend assessments of fish, invertebrate, and diatom communities: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 55, no. 1, p. 102-115, https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12706.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"102","endPage":"115","ipdsId":"IP-091154","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467936,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12706","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437584,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9EEFX0B","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Datasets used to asses the effects of antecedent streamflow and sample timing on trend assessments of fish, invertebrate and diatom communities (2002-12)"},{"id":361210,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-12-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zuellig, Robert E. 0000-0002-4784-2905 rzuellig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4784-2905","contributorId":1620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zuellig","given":"Robert","email":"rzuellig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carlisle, Daren M. 0000-0002-7367-348X dcarlisle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7367-348X","contributorId":513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlisle","given":"Daren","email":"dcarlisle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70201964,"text":"70201964 - 2019 - Climate change, coral loss, and the curious case of the parrotfish paradigm: Why don't marine protected areas improve reef resilience?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-04T16:01:16","indexId":"70201964","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-01T16:01:12","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":811,"text":"Annual Review of Marine Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate change, coral loss, and the curious case of the parrotfish paradigm: Why don't marine protected areas improve reef resilience?","docAbstract":"Scientists have advocated for local interventions, such as creating marine protected areas and implementing fishery restrictions, as ways to mitigate local stressors to limit the effects of climate change on reef-building corals. However, in a literature review, we find little empirical support for the notion of managed resilience. We outline some reasons for why marine protected areas and the protection of herbivorous fish (especially parrotfish) have had little effect on coral resilience. One key explanation is that the impacts of local stressors (e.g., pollution and fishing) are often swamped by the much greater effect of ocean warming on corals. Another is the sheer complexity (including numerous context dependencies) of the five cascading links assumed by the managed-resilience hypothesis. If reefs cannot be saved by local actions alone, then it is time to face reef degradation head-on, by directly addressing anthropogenic climate change—the root cause of global coral decline.
","language":"English","publisher":"Annual Reviews","doi":"10.1146/annurev-marine-010318-095300","usgsCitation":"Bruno, J.F., Cote, I.M., and Toth, L., 2019, Climate change, coral loss, and the curious case of the parrotfish paradigm: Why don't marine protected areas improve reef resilience?: Annual Review of Marine Science, v. 11, p. 307-334, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-010318-095300.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"307","endPage":"334","ipdsId":"IP-097955","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467938,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-010318-095300","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":360987,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bruno, John F. 0000-0003-2063-4185","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2063-4185","contributorId":212693,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bruno","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":16637,"text":"University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cote, Isabelle M.","contributorId":212694,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cote","given":"Isabelle","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36678,"text":"Simon Fraser University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Toth, Lauren T. 0000-0002-2568-802X ltoth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2568-802X","contributorId":181748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toth","given":"Lauren","email":"ltoth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70203646,"text":"70203646 - 2019 - Ecological consequences of anomalies in atmospheric moisture and snowpack","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-30T15:40:41","indexId":"70203646","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-01T15:39:05","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecological consequences of anomalies in atmospheric moisture and snowpack","docAbstract":"Although increased frequency of extreme‐weather events is one of the most secure predictions associated with contemporary climate change, effects of such events on distribution and abundance of climate‐sensitive species remain poorly understood. Montane ecosystems may be especially sensitive to extreme weather because of complex abiotic and biotic interactions that propagate from climate‐driven reductions in snowpack. Snowpack not only protects subnivean biotas from extreme cold, but also influences forage availability through timing of melt‐off and water availability. We related relative abundances of an alpine mammal, the American pika (Ochotona princeps), to measures of weather and snowpack dynamics over an 8‐yr period that included before and after a year of record‐low snowpack in Washington, USA. We sought to (1) quantify any change in pika abundance associated with the snowpack anomaly and (2) identify aspects of weather and snowpack that influenced abundance of pikas. Pikas showed a 1‐yr lag response to the snowpack anomaly and exhibited marked declines in abundance at elevations below 1,400 m simultaneous with increased abundances at higher elevations. Atmospheric moisture, indexed by vapor pressure deficit (VPD), was especially important, evidenced by strong support for the top‐ranked model that included the interaction of VPD with snowpack duration. Notably, our novel application of VPD from gridded climate data for analyses of animal abundances shows strong potential for improving species distribution models because VPD represents an important aspect of weather that influences the physiology and habitat of biota. Pikas were apparently affected by cold stress without snowpack at mid elevations, whereas changes to forage associated with snowpack and VPD were influential at high and low elevations. Our results reveal context dependency in pika responses to weather and illustrate how snow drought can lead to rapid change in the abundance of subnivean animals.
Tracking changes in stream nutrient inputs to Lake Erie over multidecadal time scales depends on the use of statistical methods that can remove the influence of year-to-year variability of streamflow but also explicitly consider the influence of long-term trends in streamflow. The methods introduced in this paper include an extended version of Weighted Regressions on Time, Discharge, and Season (WRTDS) modeling that explicitly considers nonstationary streamflow by incorporating information on changes in the frequency distribution of daily measured streamflow (discharge) over time. Soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) trends in annual flow-normalized fluxes (loads) at five long-term monitoring sites in the western Lake Erie drainage basin show increases of 109 to 322% over the period 1995 to 2015. About one-third of the increase appears attributable to increasing discharge trends, while the remaining two-thirds appears to be driven by changes in concentration versus discharge relationships reflecting higher concentrations for any given discharge during recent years. Trends in total phosphorus and three nitrogen parameters (total nitrogen, nitrate-nitrite, and total Kjeldahl nitrogen) at the 10 sites analyzed were much less pronounced, and commonly show decreases in concentration-discharge relationships accompanied by increases in discharge, resulting in little net change in total flux. Trends in monthly SRP fluxes and discharge, dissolved versus particulate fractions of nutrients, and N:P flux ratios were also evaluated. The methods described here provide tools to more clearly discern the effectiveness of nutrient-control strategies and can serve as ongoing measures of progress, or lack of progress, towards nutrient-reduction goals.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2018.11.012","usgsCitation":"Choquette, A.F., Hirsch, R.M., Murphy, J.C., Johnson, L., and Confesor, R., 2019, Tracking changes in nutrient delivery to western Lake Erie: Approaches to compensate for variability and trends in streamflow: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 45, no. 1, p. 21-39, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2018.11.012.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"39","ipdsId":"IP-098855","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460508,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2018.11.012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":361336,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Lake Erie","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85.27587890625,\n 40.65980593837852\n ],\n [\n -80.4144287109375,\n 40.65980593837852\n ],\n [\n -80.4144287109375,\n 43.113014204188914\n ],\n [\n -85.27587890625,\n 43.113014204188914\n ],\n [\n -85.27587890625,\n 40.65980593837852\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"45","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Choquette, Anne F. 0000-0002-7858-1728 achoq@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7858-1728","contributorId":210699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choquette","given":"Anne","email":"achoq@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hirsch, Robert M. 0000-0002-4534-075X rhirsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-075X","contributorId":2005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"Robert","email":"rhirsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Murphy, Jennifer C. 0000-0002-0881-0919 jmurphy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0881-0919","contributorId":167405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Jennifer","email":"jmurphy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":757448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, L.T.","contributorId":213319,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"L.T.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38736,"text":"National Center for Water Quality Research, Heidelberg Univeristy, Tiffin, Ohio","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":757449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Confesor, R. B.","contributorId":213320,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Confesor","given":"R. B.","affiliations":[{"id":38737,"text":"National Center for Water Quality Research, Heidelberg University, Tiffin, Ohio","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":757450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70201746,"text":"70201746 - 2019 - Brood size affects future reproduction in a long-lived bird with precocial young","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-27T10:46:28","indexId":"70201746","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-01T10:45:52","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":740,"text":"American Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Brood size affects future reproduction in a long-lived bird with precocial young","docAbstract":"Estimation of trade-offs between current reproduction and future survival and fecundity of long-lived vertebrates is essential to understanding factors that shape optimal reproductive investment. Black brant geese (Branta bernicla nigricans) fledge more goslings, on average, when their broods are experimentally enlarged to be greater than the most common clutch size of four eggs. Thus, we hypothesized that the lesser frequency of brant clutches exceeding four eggs results, at least partially, from a future reduction in survival, breeding probability, or clutch size for females tending larger broods. We used an eight-year mark-recapture dataset (Barker robust design) with five years of clutch and brood manipulations to estimate long-term consequences of reproductive decisions in brant. We did not find evidence of a trade-off between reproductive effort and true survival or future initiation date and clutch size. Rather, future breeding probability was maximized (0.92 ± 0.03 [se]) for manipulated females tending broods of four goslings and lower for females tending smaller (one gosling; 0.63 ± 0.09 [se]) or larger broods (seven goslings; 0.52 ± 0.15 [se]). Our results suggest that demographic trade-offs for female brant tending large broods may reduce the fitness value of clutches larger than four and, therefore, contribute to the paucity of larger clutches. The lack of a trade-off between reproductive effort and survival provides evidence that survival, to which fitness is most sensitive in long-lived animals, is buffered against temporal variation in brant.","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/701783","usgsCitation":"Alan Leach, James Sedinger, Riecke, T., Van Dellen, A., Ward, D.H., and Sean Boyd, 2019, Brood size affects future reproduction in a long-lived bird with precocial young: American Naturalist, v. 193, no. 3, p. 458-471, https://doi.org/10.1086/701783.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"458","endPage":"471","ipdsId":"IP-066700","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":362384,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"193","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alan Leach","contributorId":211896,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alan Leach","affiliations":[{"id":36666,"text":"Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada-Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"James Sedinger","contributorId":203592,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"James Sedinger","affiliations":[{"id":36666,"text":"Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada-Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Riecke, Thomas","contributorId":211897,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Riecke","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36666,"text":"Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada-Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Van Dellen, Amanda","contributorId":211898,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Dellen","given":"Amanda","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36666,"text":"Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada-Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ward, David H. 0000-0002-5242-2526 dward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2526","contributorId":3247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":755157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sean Boyd","contributorId":203594,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sean Boyd","affiliations":[{"id":36668,"text":"Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70206197,"text":"70206197 - 2019 - Evaluating the role of Farm Bill conservation program participation in conserving America’s grasslands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-25T07:08:12","indexId":"70206197","displayToPublicDate":"2019-02-01T07:07:33","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2599,"text":"Land Use Policy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating the role of Farm Bill conservation program participation in conserving America’s grasslands","docAbstract":"Grasslands are one of the most imperiled ecosystems in the world and the majority of the grassland ecosystem in the United States is privately owned and used for agriculture. Conversion of grasslands to row crops is expanding, fueled by commodity price increases, technological improvements, and agricultural policy. The U.S. government primarily uses voluntary incentive-based conservation programs to address the environmental impacts of agriculture and encourage conservation on private land. To investigate the utility of these programs to conserve grasslands, we surveyed private landowners in the Plains and Prairie Pothole Ecoregion (PPPE), one of America’s most at-risk grassland areas, about their land use, environmental attitudes and values, and reasons for or against participating in a Farm Bill conservation program. Agricultural landowners with large land holdings, who value hunting, and have positive environmental values, attitudes, and behaviors, were more likely to participate in a program. Financial considerations and a desire for autonomy limited participation. While program participants had less land in grass than nonparticipants and were more likely to convert planted grass to row crops and/or remove wetlands, they were also less likely to convert virgin sod to row crops. These findings signal the need for additional research and tools other than FBCPs to conserve the PPPE grasslands.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.10.023","usgsCitation":"Gigliotti, L.M., and Lily A. Sweikert, 2019, Evaluating the role of Farm Bill conservation program participation in conserving America’s grasslands: Land Use Policy, v. 81, p. 392-399, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.10.023.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"392","endPage":"399","ipdsId":"IP-087258","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368591,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"81","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gigliotti, Larry M. 0000-0002-1693-5113 lgigliotti@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1693-5113","contributorId":3906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gigliotti","given":"Larry","email":"lgigliotti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lily A. Sweikert","contributorId":217826,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lily A. Sweikert","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":773822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70203370,"text":"70203370 - 2019 - Seasonal distribution of Dall's porpoise in Prince William Sound, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-09T12:53:12","indexId":"70203370","displayToPublicDate":"2019-01-31T12:43:11","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5536,"text":"Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal distribution of Dall's porpoise in Prince William Sound, Alaska","docAbstract":"Dall's porpoise, Phocoenoides dalli, are a conspicuous predator in the Prince William Sound ecosystem, yet there has been little effort directed towards monitoring this species since the 1980s, prior to the Exxon Valdez oil spill. We used vessel-based surveys to examine the seasonal distribution of Dall's porpoise in the waters of Prince William Sound during eight years from 2007 to 2015. Over the course of 168 days and 15,653. km of survey effort, 921 Dall's porpoise were encountered in 210 groups. We estimate an encounter rate of 0.061 porpoise/km traveled or 1 porpoise encountered for every 16.5. km traveled. Dall's porpoise were found throughout the year in Prince William Sound, and used a wide range of habitats, including those not considered typical of the species, such as bays, shallow water, and nearshore waters. Dall's porpoise seasonally shifted their center of distribution from the western passages in fall to the bays of the eastern Sound in winter and spring. Dall's porpoises were widely dispersed throughout the Sound in summer. We identified potential Dall's porpoise habitat (depth, slope, and distance from shore) within Prince William Sound using generalized additive models (GAM). Dall's porpoise were found in deeper water during summer and in shallowest water during spring. We propose that their use of novel habitats is a function of reduced predation risk associated with the decline of their main predator, killer whales (Orcinus orca), following the Exxon Valdez oil spill, and the presence of overwintering and spawning Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii). While the size of the Dall's porpoise population within Prince William Sound remains unknown, our encounter rates were lower than those reported in the 1970s. Their high metabolic rate and ubiquitous presence makes them one of the more important, yet understudied, forage fish predators in the region.","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.11.002","usgsCitation":"Moran, J., O’Dell, M., Arimitsu, M.L., Straley, J.M., and Dickson, D., 2019, Seasonal distribution of Dall's porpoise in Prince William Sound, Alaska: Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, v. 147, p. 164-172, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.11.002.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"164","endPage":"172","ipdsId":"IP-081589","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467953,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.11.002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":363644,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Prince William Sound","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -148.5,60.0 ], [ -148.5,61.0 ], [ -146.5,61.0 ], [ -146.5,60.0 ], [ -148.5,60.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"147","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moran, J.R.","contributorId":215437,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moran","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12520,"text":"NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":762359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Dell, M.B.","contributorId":215438,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Dell","given":"M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12520,"text":"NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":762360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arimitsu, Mayumi L. 0000-0001-6982-2238 marimitsu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6982-2238","contributorId":140501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arimitsu","given":"Mayumi","email":"marimitsu@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":762358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Straley, Jan M","contributorId":215440,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Straley","given":"Jan","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":16298,"text":"University of Alaska Southeast","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":762362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dickson, D.M.S.","contributorId":215439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dickson","given":"D.M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39247,"text":"North Pacific Research Board","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":762361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70201823,"text":"70201823 - 2019 - Delineation of tile-drain networks using thermal and multispectral imagery—Implications for water quantity and quality differences from paired edge-of-field sites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-01-31T11:43:55","indexId":"70201823","displayToPublicDate":"2019-01-31T11:43:52","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2456,"text":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Delineation of tile-drain networks using thermal and multispectral imagery—Implications for water quantity and quality differences from paired edge-of-field sites","docAbstract":"As part of the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative, paired edge-of-field sites were established in high priority subwatersheds to assess the effectiveness of agricultural management practices. One pairing was in Black Creek, a tributary to the Maumee River and Lake Erie. These fields were paired because of similarity in soils, topography, and agricultural management. Following two years of baseline data collection from these fields, consistent differences in water quantity and quality were observed for tile networks draining the fields, despite these fields being adjacent and managed together. Consequently, it was hypothesized that differences in subsurface water movement, specifically tile-drain density and connectivity, were the source of the observed differences. Our objective was to map the tile-drain network using remote sensing methodology in order to improve the understanding of nutrient and water transport as well as management on these fields. A combination of multispectral and thermal imagery, collected in spring of 2017, was incorporated to delineate the tile-drain network within each field. This imagery led to locating a cracked tile, which provided a direct path for overland flow to enter the tile-drain system and suggested that a tile-drain segment under the road connected the two fields. A ground-penetrating radar survey verified multiple tile locations, including the tile segment under the road. The distribution of these tiles helps explain the difference in water quantity and quality in the two fields.
","language":"English","publisher":"Soil and Water Conservation Society","doi":"10.2489/jswc.74.1.1","usgsCitation":"Williamson, T.N., Dobrowolski, E.G., Meyer, S.M., Frey, J.W., and Allred, B.J., 2019, Delineation of tile-drain networks using thermal and multispectral imagery—Implications for water quantity and quality differences from paired edge-of-field sites: Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, v. 74, no. 1, p. 1-11, https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.74.1.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"11","ipdsId":"IP-094533","costCenters":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437592,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P93R270D","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Low-altitude visible, multispectral, and thermal-infrared imagery from edge-of-field monitoring sites for Great Lakes Restoration Initiative - Wisconsin Bioreactor"},{"id":437591,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9DNURMT","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Low-altitude visible, multispectral, and thermal-infrared imagery from edge-of-field monitoring sites for Great Lakes Restoration Initiative - Wisconsin Surface Water 4 and 5"},{"id":437590,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9N8ELYZ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Low-altitude visible, multispectral, and thermal-infrared imagery from edge-of-field monitoring sites for Great Lakes Restoration Initiative - Wisconsin Surface Water 3"},{"id":437589,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9EXXX2O","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Low-altitude visible, multispectral, and thermal-infrared imagery from edge-of-field monitoring sites for Great Lakes Restoration Initiative - Michigan Flume 2"},{"id":437588,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9JC4SP6","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Low-altitude visible and multispectral imagery from edge-of-field monitoring sites for Great Lakes Restoration Initiative - Ohio Surface Water 1"},{"id":437587,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9QRDJFS","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Low-altitude visible imagery from edge-of-field monitoring sites for Great Lakes Restoration Initiative - Indiana Surface Water 1 and 2"},{"id":360864,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"74","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williamson, Tanja N. 0000-0002-7639-8495 tnwillia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7639-8495","contributorId":198329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williamson","given":"Tanja","email":"tnwillia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":755489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dobrowolski, Edward G. 0000-0001-9840-4609 edobrowo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9840-4609","contributorId":5555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dobrowolski","given":"Edward","email":"edobrowo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":755492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meyer, Shawn M. 0000-0001-8427-7426","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8427-7426","contributorId":212024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Shawn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":755493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Frey, Jeffrey W. 0000-0002-3453-5009 jwfrey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3453-5009","contributorId":487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frey","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jwfrey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":755490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Allred, Barry J.","contributorId":212023,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allred","given":"Barry","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":38388,"text":"USDA, Agricultural Research Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70201855,"text":"70201855 - 2019 - Whooping crane use of riverine stopover sites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-01-31T11:08:14","indexId":"70201855","displayToPublicDate":"2019-01-31T11:08:10","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Whooping crane use of riverine stopover sites","docAbstract":"Migratory birds like endangered whooping cranes (Grus americana) require suitable nocturnal roost sites during twice annual migrations. Whooping cranes primarily roost in shallow surface water wetlands, ponds, and rivers. All these features have been greatly impacted by human activities, which present threats to the continued recovery of the species. A portion of one such river, the central Platte River, has been identified as critical habitat for the survival of the endangered whooping crane. Management intervention is now underway to rehabilitate habitat form and function on the central Platte River to increase use and thereby contribute to the survival of whooping cranes. The goal of our analyses was to develop habitat selection models that could be used to direct riverine habitat management activities (i.e., channel widening, tree removal, flow augmentation, etc.) along the central Platte River and throughout the species’ range. As such, we focused our analyses on two robust sets of whooping crane observations and habitat metrics the Platte River Recovery Implementation Program (Program or PRRIP) and other such organizations could influence. This included channel characteristics such as total channel width, the width of channel unobstructed by dense vegetation, and distance of forest from the edge of the channel and flow-related metrics like wetted width and unit discharge (flow volume per linear meter of wetted channel width) that could be influenced by flow augmentation or reductions during migration. We used 17 years of systematic monitoring data in a discrete-choice framework to evaluate the influence these various metrics have on the relative probability of whooping crane use and found the width of channel unobstructed by dense vegetation and distance to the nearest forest were the best predictors of whooping crane use. Secondly, we used telemetry data obtained from a sample of 38 birds of all ages over the course of seven years, 2010–2016, to evaluate whooping crane use of riverine habitat within the North-central Great Plains, USA. For this second analysis, we focused on the two metrics found to be important predictors of whooping crane use along the central Platte River, unobstructed channel width and distance to nearest forest or wooded area. Our findings indicate resource managers, such as the Program, have the potential to influence whooping crane use of the central Platte River through removal of in-channel vegetation to increase the unobstructed width of narrow channels and through removal of trees along the bank line to increase unforested corridor widths. Results of both analyses also indicated that increases in relative probability of use by whooping cranes did not appreciably increase with unobstructed views ≥200 m wide and unforested corridor widths that were ≥330 m. Therefore, managing riverine sites for channels widths >200 m and removing trees beyond 165 m from the channel’s edge would increase costs associated with implementing management actions such as channel and bank-line disking, removing trees, augmenting flow, etc. without necessarily realizing an additional appreciable increase in use by migrating whooping cranes.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0209612","usgsCitation":"Baasch, D.M., Farrell, P.D., Howlin, S., Pearse, A.T., Farnsworth, J.M., and Smith, C.B., 2019, Whooping crane use of riverine stopover sites: PLoS ONE, v. 14, no. 1, p. 1-20, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209612.","productDescription":"e0209612; 20 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"20","ipdsId":"IP-097703","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467956,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209612","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":360861,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.13916015625,\n 33.486435450999885\n ],\n [\n -95.97656249999999,\n 33.486435450999885\n ],\n [\n -95.97656249999999,\n 48.28319289548349\n ],\n [\n -105.13916015625,\n 48.28319289548349\n ],\n [\n -105.13916015625,\n 33.486435450999885\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baasch, David M.","contributorId":147145,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baasch","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16795,"text":"Headwaters Corp, Kearney, NE","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farrell, Patrick D.","contributorId":212085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farrell","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36320,"text":"PRRIP","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Howlin, Shay","contributorId":206848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Howlin","given":"Shay","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37415,"text":"Western EcoSystems Technology, Cheyenne, WY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pearse, Aaron T. 0000-0002-6137-1556 apearse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6137-1556","contributorId":1772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearse","given":"Aaron","email":"apearse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":755528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Farnsworth, Jason M.","contributorId":212086,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farnsworth","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36320,"text":"PRRIP","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, Chadwin B.","contributorId":212087,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Chadwin","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":36320,"text":"PRRIP","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70212585,"text":"70212585 - 2019 - Evaluation of EPT macroinvertebrate metrics in small streams located within the non-connected stormwater management region of Kansas City, Missouri, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-21T14:13:38.280444","indexId":"70212585","displayToPublicDate":"2019-01-31T09:08:04","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3636,"text":"Transactions of the Missouri Academy of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of EPT macroinvertebrate metrics in small streams located within the non-connected stormwater management region of Kansas City, Missouri, USA","docAbstract":"During 2012-2014, we evaluated macroinvertebrate communities in streams draining the non-connected stormwater management region (Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System, or MS4) within the Kansas City metropolitan area utilizing the Missouri bioassessment protocols. Trends in aquatic life impairment status based on Missouri's Macroinvertebrate Stream Condition Index (MSCI), as well as richness and abundance of EPT indicator metrics (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera), were compared between rural control sites and both transitional and urban stream sites representing varying stages of land use conversion. As compared to non-urban control sites, EPT taxa richness was significantly lower at MS4 urban sites during all three years (p = 0.007 – 0.013) and MS4 transitional sites during one of three years (p=0.48). EPT abundance (%) was significantly lower at MS4 urban sites during all years (p = 0.008 – 0.013) and MS4 transitional sites during one of three years (p=0.34). Mean EPT abundances ranged between 0.6% - 10.3% at urban MS4 sites, and always exceeded 18% at control sites. Both EPT richness and abundance were lower at the MS4 control site but means for EPT and other core metrics at this site were most often similar to non-urban control sites based on analysis of variance (ANOVA). MS4 transitional sites with active development in their watersheds were partially-supporting in their impairment status, and EPT metrics had lower means and generally more variability than control sites. Temporal trends indicate non-urban control and MS4 control sites consistently meet fully-supporting impairment status based on overall MSCI scores, but no study sites currently meet regional expectations (as defined by state reference streams) for either of the EPT metrics. Results indicate that Missouri and Kansas biocriteria for both EPT metrics are not consistently being met at any stream sites in the Kansas City metro area, including fully-supporting control sites and MS4 streams that receive stormwater runoff in watersheds with urban development that is well-established or currently transitioning to urban or suburban land uses.
","language":"English","publisher":"Transactions of the Missouri Academy of Science","doi":"10.30956/mas-29r1","usgsCitation":"Poulton, B.C., and Tao, J., 2019, Evaluation of EPT macroinvertebrate metrics in small streams located within the non-connected stormwater management region of Kansas City, Missouri, USA: Transactions of the Missouri Academy of Science, v. 47, no. 2019, p. 21-34, https://doi.org/10.30956/mas-29r1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"34","ipdsId":"IP-091587","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467957,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.30956/mas-29r1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":377723,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","city":"Kansas City","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.76806640624999,\n 38.736946065676\n ],\n [\n -93.71337890625,\n 38.736946065676\n ],\n [\n -93.71337890625,\n 39.36827914916014\n ],\n [\n -94.76806640624999,\n 39.36827914916014\n ],\n [\n -94.76806640624999,\n 38.736946065676\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"2019","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-04-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poulton, Barry C. 0000-0002-7219-4911 bpoulton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7219-4911","contributorId":2421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poulton","given":"Barry","email":"bpoulton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":796920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tao, Jing","contributorId":238945,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tao","given":"Jing","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47824,"text":"Kansas City Water Services Dept.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70201807,"text":"70201807 - 2019 - Morphology and genetics of Lythrum salicaria from latitudinal gradients of the Northern Hemisphere grown in cold and hot common gardens","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-01-30T16:04:07","indexId":"70201807","displayToPublicDate":"2019-01-30T16:04:03","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Morphology and genetics of Lythrum salicaria from latitudinal gradients of the Northern Hemisphere grown in cold and hot common gardens","title":"Morphology and genetics of Lythrum salicaria from latitudinal gradients of the Northern Hemisphere grown in cold and hot common gardens","docAbstract":"The aim of this project was to compare the phenotypic responses of global populations of Lythrum salicaria in cold/dry and hot/humid environments to determine if phenotypic plasticity varied between the native and invasive ranges, and secondarily if this variation was linked to genetic diversity. Common garden studies were conducted in Třeboň, Czech Republic, and Lafayette, Louisiana, USA (cold/dry vs. hot/humid garden, respectively), using populations from latitudinal gradients in Eurasia and North America. Lythrum salicaria seeds collected from the same maternal plants across these latitudinal gradients were germinated and grown in Třeboň and Lafayette. Tissue masses (above-, below-ground, inflorescence and total) of these individuals were assessed at the end of each growing season (2006–2008). Worldwide field measurements of L. salicaria height were made by volunteers from 2004–2016. Biomass and height data were analyzed using the General Linear Model framework and multivariate techniques. Molecular markers (amplified fragment length polymorphisms) of individuals used in the common garden study were analyzed using traditional genetic diversity metrics and Bayesian clustering algorithms in STRUCTURE. Reaction norms were developed from differences in maternal plant responses in Třeboň versus Lafayette. In the common garden studies, stem/leaf, root and total biomass generally were highest for individuals grown from seeds collected in the southern part of the range in the cold garden, particularly by the third year of the study. In contrast, inflorescence biomass in the cold garden was higher by the third year in individuals from mid-latitude populations. As measured by volunteers, plants were taller in Eurasia than in North America moving from north to south with the pattern switching southward of 40°N latitude. Genetic diversity was similar between native and non-native invasive populations regardless of geographical origin of the seed and was not significantly different in the GLM Select model (p > 0.05). Reaction norm slopes showed that Eurasia had larger values than North America for reaction norms for above-ground and total biomass. Plants from the seeds of mother plants from Turkey had wide variation in total biomass when grown in Třeboň versus Lafayette; this variation in response within certain populations may have contributed to the lack of population-level differences in plasticity. These results indicate no loss of genetic diversity for L. salicaria during its North American invasion, nor reduction in plastic tissue allocation responses to a varying environment, which may help explain some of its invasive qualities and which could be of adaptive value under changing future environments.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0208300","usgsCitation":"Middleton, B.A., Travis, S.E., Kubatova, B., Johnson, D., and Edwards, K.R., 2019, Morphology and genetics of Lythrum salicaria from latitudinal gradients of the Northern Hemisphere grown in cold and hot common gardens: PLoS ONE, v. 14, no. 1, p. 1-24, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208300.","productDescription":"e0208300; 24 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"24","ipdsId":"IP-060249","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467958,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208300","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437595,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F74M92P8","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Morphology and genetics of Lythrum salicaria from latitudinal gradients of the Northern Hemisphere grown in cold and hot common gardens"},{"id":360844,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-01-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Middleton, Beth A. 0000-0002-1220-2326 middletonb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1220-2326","contributorId":2029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Middleton","given":"Beth","email":"middletonb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":755432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Travis, Steven E.","contributorId":211992,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Travis","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":38381,"text":"University of New England","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kubatova, Barbora","contributorId":211993,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kubatova","given":"Barbora","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38382,"text":"University of South Bohemia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Darren 0000-0002-0502-6045","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0502-6045","contributorId":203921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Darren","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":755436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Edwards, Keith R.","contributorId":29906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":755435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70201781,"text":"70201781 - 2019 - Uncertainty and risk evaluation during the exploration stage of geothermal development: A review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-01-30T13:59:11","indexId":"70201781","displayToPublicDate":"2019-01-30T13:59:07","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1828,"text":"Geothermics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Uncertainty and risk evaluation during the exploration stage of geothermal development: A review","docAbstract":"Quantifying and representing uncertainty for geothermal systems is often ignored, in practice, during the exploration phase of a geothermal development project. We propose that this occurs potentially because the task seems so formidable. The primary goal of this paper is to initiate a dialogue within the geothermal community about: which geothermal uncertainties should receive the most attention and which uncertainty analysis methods could provide the greatest benefit for the advancement of the geothermal energy industry. Specifically, in this paper, we review uncertainty quantification techniques that are applicable to geothermal exploration. In general, uncertainty associated with data acquisition/processing (i.e., objective uncertainty) is small compared to the uncertainty in interpretational space (i.e., subjective uncertainty) that lies between data points where extrapolation is required. Therefore, it is important to classify, assess, and quantify uncertainty to help select strategies to reduce uncertainty and to better gauge the impact that separate uncertainties have on the overall likelihood of project success. The discipline of geostatistics provides multiple quantitative methods for producing stochastic models which adhere to measured data and spatial correlation. The petroleum industry has successfully used both geostatistics and decision analysis methods to combine diverse and multiple types of uncertainties. We argue that instead of one single and final interpretation of the geothermal system, numerous interpretations may be more indicative of the possible subsurface scenarios, and these different scenarios can be evaluated using decision analyses and value of information methodologies. Finally, we recommend that the potential power generation of a geothermal reservoir should be grounded in the geologic data and modeling for a specific field and their estimated uncertainties.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2018.12.011","usgsCitation":"Witter, J.B., Trainor-Guitton, W.J., and Siler, D.L., 2019, Uncertainty and risk evaluation during the exploration stage of geothermal development: A review: Geothermics, v. 78, p. 233-242, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2018.12.011.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"233","endPage":"242","ipdsId":"IP-102996","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":360824,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"78","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Witter, Jeffrey B. 0000-0002-1357-1481","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1357-1481","contributorId":211948,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Witter","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":38365,"text":"Innovate Geothermal Ltd.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trainor-Guitton, Whitney J. 0000-0002-5726-3886","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5726-3886","contributorId":211949,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trainor-Guitton","given":"Whitney","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6606,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Siler, Drew L. 0000-0001-7540-8244","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7540-8244","contributorId":203341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siler","given":"Drew","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":755362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70228338,"text":"70228338 - 2019 - Bidirectional connectivity via fish ladders in a large Neotropical river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T22:53:12.237434","indexId":"70228338","displayToPublicDate":"2019-01-29T16:47:05","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bidirectional connectivity via fish ladders in a large Neotropical river","docAbstract":"The conservation of potamodromous species worldwide has been threatened by the loss of longitudinal connectivity caused by dams intercepting large rivers. One environmental management strategy for reestablishing connectivity is providing passage through fish ladders. However, ladders in Neotropical rivers have been described as ascending one-way routes. We analyzed the movements of Prochilodus lineatus through a fish ladder at a large dam – Porto Primavera – in the heavily impounded Upper Paraná River, Brazil, to determine whether the ladder connected habitats downstream and upstream of the dam, in both directions. A total of 1,419 specimens of P. lineatus were PIT-tagged in areas downstream and upstream of the dam, and continuously monitored for 4 years. We documented bidirectional movements of P. lineatus through the fish ladder. Many individuals repeated these movements annually; one individual as many as six times. Thus, our study suggests the Porto Primavera fish ladder contributes to habitat connectivity, bidirectional passage, and conservation of P. lineatus. Our results deviate from the perception that fishways are ineffective in Neotropical rivers. Our data suggest that fishways can restore the bidirectional connectivity denied to some Neotropical species, and until the services of dams are no longer needed, environmental management through fish ladders may continue to be part of broader conservation strategy designed to preserve native fauna.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.3404","usgsCitation":"Celestino, L., Sanz-Ronda, F., Miranda, L.E., Makrakis, M., Pinheiro Dias, J., and Makrakis, S., 2019, Bidirectional connectivity via fish ladders in a large Neotropical river: River Research and Applications, v. 35, p. 236-246, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.3404.","productDescription":"11p.","startPage":"236","endPage":"246","ipdsId":"IP-098173","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395745,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Brazil","otherGeospatial":"Paraná River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -53.4539794921875,\n -22.91286328803374\n ],\n [\n -52.4267578125,\n -22.91286328803374\n ],\n [\n -52.4267578125,\n -22.212834764522576\n ],\n [\n -53.4539794921875,\n -22.212834764522576\n ],\n [\n -53.4539794921875,\n -22.91286328803374\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"35","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-01-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Celestino, L.F.","contributorId":244135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Celestino","given":"L.F.","affiliations":[{"id":48852,"text":"Companhia Energética de São Paulo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sanz-Ronda, F.J.","contributorId":207046,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sanz-Ronda","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37437,"text":"Universidad de Valladolid","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miranda, Leandro E. 0000-0002-2138-7924 smiranda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2138-7924","contributorId":531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"Leandro","email":"smiranda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Makrakis, M.C.","contributorId":275214,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Makrakis","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48853,"text":"Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pinheiro Dias, J.H.","contributorId":275215,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pinheiro Dias","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48854,"text":"Universidade Estadual Paulista","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Makrakis, S.","contributorId":244138,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Makrakis","given":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":48853,"text":"Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70201169,"text":"70201169 - 2019 - Seismic velocity structure across the 2013 Craig, Alaska rupture from aftershock tomography: Implications for seismogenic conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-01-30T14:23:35","indexId":"70201169","displayToPublicDate":"2019-01-29T15:18:53","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic velocity structure across the 2013 Craig, Alaska rupture from aftershock tomography: Implications for seismogenic conditions","docAbstract":"The 2013 Craig, Alaska MW 7.5 earthquake ruptured along ∼150 km of the Queen Charlotte Fault (QCF), a right-lateral strike-slip plate boundary fault separating the Pacific and North American plates. Regional shear wave analyses suggest that the Craig earthquake rupturepropagated in the northward direction faster than the S-wave (supershear). Theoretical studies suggest that a bimaterial interface, such as that along the QCF, which separates oceanic and continental crust with differing elastic properties, can promote supershear rupture propagation. We deployed short-period ocean-bottom seismometers (OBS) as a part of a rapid-response effort less than four months after the Craig earthquake mainshock. During a 21-day period, 1,133 aftershocks were recorded by 8 OBS instruments. Aftershock spatial distribution indicates that the base of the seismogenic zone along the QCF approaches ∼25 km depth, consistent with a thermally-controlled fault rheology expected for igneous rocks at oceanic transform faults. The spatial distribution also provides supporting evidence for a previously hypothesized active strand of the QCF system within the Pacific Plate. Tomographic traveltime inversion for velocity structure indicates a low-velocity (VP and VS) zone on the Pacific side of the plate boundary at 5–20 km depths, where NeogenePacific crust and upper mantle seismic velocities average ∼3–11% slower than the North American side, where the Paleozoic North American crust is seismically faster. Our results suggest that elastic properties along the studied portion of the QCF are different than those of a simple oceanic–continental plate boundary fault. In our study region, velocity structure across the QCF, while bimaterial, does not support faster material on the west side of the fault, which has been proposed as one possible explanation for northward supershear propagation during the Craig earthquake. Instead, we image low-velocity material on the west side of the fault. Explanations could include that part of the rupture was subshear, or that fault damage zone properties or fault smoothness are more important controls on supershear rupture than a bimaterial contrast.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2018.11.021","usgsCitation":"Walton, M.A., Roland, E., Walter, J.I., Gulick, S.P., and Dotray, P., 2019, Seismic velocity structure across the 2013 Craig, Alaska rupture from aftershock tomography: Implications for seismogenic conditions: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 507, p. 94-104, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2018.11.021.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"94","endPage":"104","ipdsId":"IP-085883","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467964,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2018.11.021","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":360813,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Craig","otherGeospatial":"Queen Charlotte Fault","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -140,\n 50\n ],\n [\n -128,\n 50\n ],\n [\n -128,\n 60\n ],\n [\n -140,\n 60\n ],\n [\n -140,\n 50\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"507","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walton, Maureen A. L. 0000-0001-8496-463X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8496-463X","contributorId":211025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walton","given":"Maureen","email":"","middleInitial":"A. L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":753024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roland, Emily C.","contributorId":147830,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roland","given":"Emily C.","affiliations":[{"id":13254,"text":"University of Washington, School of Oceanography","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":753025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walter, Jacob I.","contributorId":211026,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walter","given":"Jacob","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":38172,"text":"The University of Texas at Austin Institute for Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":753026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gulick, Sean P. S.","contributorId":211027,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gulick","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"P. S.","affiliations":[{"id":38172,"text":"The University of Texas at Austin Institute for Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":753027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dotray, Peter J.","contributorId":211028,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dotray","given":"Peter J.","affiliations":[{"id":29861,"text":"The University of Texas at Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":753028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70201741,"text":"70201741 - 2019 - Widespread loss of lake ice around the Northern Hemisphere in a warming world","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-04T11:14:34","indexId":"70201741","displayToPublicDate":"2019-01-29T14:32:19","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2841,"text":"Nature Climate Change","onlineIssn":"1758-6798","printIssn":"1758-678X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Widespread loss of lake ice around the Northern Hemisphere in a warming world","docAbstract":"Ice provides a range of ecosystem services—including fish harvest, cultural traditions, transportation, recreation and regulation of the hydrological cycle—to more than half of the world’s 117 million lakes. One of the earliest observed impacts of climatic warming has been the loss of freshwater ice, with corresponding climatic and ecological consequences. However, while trends in ice cover phenology have been widely documented, a comprehensive large-scale assessment of lake ice loss is absent. Here, using observations from 513 lakes around the Northern Hemisphere, we identify lakes vulnerable to ice-free winters. Our analyses reveal the importance of air temperature, lake depth, elevation and shoreline complexity in governing ice cover. We estimate that 14,800 lakes currently experience intermittent winter ice cover, increasing to 35,300 and 230,400 at 2 and 8 °C, respectively, and impacting up to 394 and 656 million people. Our study illustrates that an extensive loss of lake ice will occur within the next generation, stressing the importance of climate mitigation strategies to preserve ecosystem structure and function, as well as local winter cultural heritage.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41558-018-0393-5","usgsCitation":"Sharma, S., Blagrave, K., Magnuson, J.J., O’Reilly, C.M., Oliver, S.K., Batt, R., Magee, M.R., Straile, D., Weyhenmeyer, G.A., Winslow, L., and Woolway, R., 2019, Widespread loss of lake ice around the Northern Hemisphere in a warming world: Nature Climate Change, v. 9, p. 227-231, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0393-5.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"227","endPage":"231","ipdsId":"IP-100691","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":360797,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sharma, Sapna","contributorId":150332,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sharma","given":"Sapna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16184,"text":"York University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blagrave, Kevin","contributorId":211887,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blagrave","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38342,"text":"Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Magnuson, John J.","contributorId":211889,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Magnuson","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":38344,"text":"Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O’Reilly, Catherine M.","contributorId":150334,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Reilly","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":18004,"text":"Illinois State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Oliver, Samantha K. 0000-0001-5668-1165","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5668-1165","contributorId":211886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oliver","given":"Samantha","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":755129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Batt, Ryan D.","contributorId":168948,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Batt","given":"Ryan D.","affiliations":[{"id":25393,"text":"Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA 08901","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Magee, Madeline R.","contributorId":211888,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Magee","given":"Madeline","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":38343,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison, Wisconsin, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Straile, Dietmar","contributorId":150309,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Straile","given":"Dietmar","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17983,"text":"Department of Biology, Universitat Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A.","contributorId":150314,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weyhenmeyer","given":"Gesa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17988,"text":"Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Winslow, Luke A. 0000-0002-8602-5510","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8602-5510","contributorId":211187,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Winslow","given":"Luke A.","affiliations":[{"id":12656,"text":"Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Woolway, R. Iestyn","contributorId":150345,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woolway","given":"R. Iestyn","affiliations":[{"id":18007,"text":"Lake Ecosystems Group, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, UK.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70201776,"text":"70201776 - 2019 - Hydrogen isotopes in high 3He/4He submarine basalts: Primordial vs. recycled water and the veil of mantle enrichment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-01-29T14:28:46","indexId":"70201776","displayToPublicDate":"2019-01-29T14:28:40","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Hydrogen isotopes in high 3He/4He submarine basalts: Primordial vs. recycled water and the veil of mantle enrichment","title":"Hydrogen isotopes in high 3He/4He submarine basalts: Primordial vs. recycled water and the veil of mantle enrichment","docAbstract":"The hydrogen isotope value (δD) of water indigenous to the mantle is masked by the early degassing and recycling of surface water through Earth's history. High 3He/4He ratios in some ocean island basalts, however, provide a clear geochemical signature of deep, primordial mantle that has been isolated within the Earth's interior from melting, degassing, and convective mixing with the upper mantle. Hydrogen isotopes were measured in high 3He/4He submarine basalt glasses from the Southeast Indian Ridge (SEIR) at the Amsterdam–St. Paul (ASP) Plateau (δD = −51 to −90‰, 3He/4He = 7.6 to 14.1 RA) and in submarine glasses from Loihi seamount south of the island of Hawaii (δD = −70 to −90‰, 3He/4He = 22.5 to 27.8 RA). These results highlight two contrasting patterns of δD for high 3He/4He lavas: one trend toward high δD of approximately −50‰, and another converging at δD = −75‰. These same patterns are evident in a global compilation of previously reported δD and 3He/4He results. We suggest that the high δD values result from water recycled during subduction that is carried into the source region of mantle plumes at the core–mantle boundary where it is mixed with primordial mantle, resulting in high δD and moderately high 3He/4He. Conversely, lower δD values of −75‰, in basalts from Loihi seamount and also trace element depleted mid-ocean ridge basalts, imply a primordial Earth hydrogen isotopic value of −75‰ or lower. δD values down to −100‰ also occur in the most trace element-depleted mid-ocean ridge basalts, typically in association with 87Sr/86Sr ratios near 0.703. These lower δD values may be a result of multi-stage melting history of the upper mantle where minor D/H fractionation could be associated with hydrogen retention in nominally anhydrous residual minerals. Collectively, the predominance of δD around −75‰ in the majority of mid-ocean ridge basalts and in high 3He/4He Loihi basalts is consistent with an origin of water on Earth that was dominated by accretion of chondritic material.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2018.12.012","usgsCitation":"Loewen, M., Graham, D.W., Bindeman, I.N., Lupton, J.E., and Garcia, M.O., 2019, Hydrogen isotopes in high 3He/4He submarine basalts: Primordial vs. recycled water and the veil of mantle enrichment: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 508, p. 62-73, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2018.12.012.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"62","endPage":"73","ipdsId":"IP-098999","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467966,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2018.12.012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":360796,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"508","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loewen, Matthew W.","contributorId":168854,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loewen","given":"Matthew W.","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graham, David W.","contributorId":167398,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Graham","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bindeman, Ilya N.","contributorId":175500,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bindeman","given":"Ilya","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lupton, John E.","contributorId":211938,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lupton","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":755304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Garcia, Michael O.","contributorId":51636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":755305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70201720,"text":"70201720 - 2019 - Evaluating response distances to develop buffer zones for staging terns","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-01-28T11:27:29","indexId":"70201720","displayToPublicDate":"2019-01-28T11:26:53","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating response distances to develop buffer zones for staging terns","docAbstract":"Buffer zones, calculated by flight‐initiation distance (FID), are often used to reduce anthropogenic disturbances to wildlife, but FID can vary significantly across life‐history stages. We examined the behavioral effect of potential natural (gulls and shorebirds) and anthropogenic (pedestrians) disturbance sources to staging roseate (Sterna dougallii) and common tern (S. hirundo) flocks from July to September in 2014 and 2015 at Cape Cod, Massachusetts, USA. We estimated the proportion of the flock exhibiting different responses to potential disturbance sources as a function of distance, flock size, percent roseate terns, and local disturbance rates, using Bayesian zero‐and‐one inflated beta regression. The proportion of tern flocks responding to the presence of shorebirds by flying was low (0.01 ± 0.001 [SE]) and did not vary by distance or other covariates, whereas the proportion flying in response to gulls increased as distance decreased, with smaller flocks, and with flocks with a larger proportion of roseate terns being more sensitive to gull presence. Prolonged flight response rapidly increased in probability from 0.0 to as much as 1.0 as distance from pedestrians to the flock decreased from 100 m and was much more likely with smaller flocks. Pedestrian activity levels also had an effect on flock responses; those engaged in active behaviors such as jogging were more likely to cause flushing than those engaged in passive behaviors. Terns seemed to view pedestrians as more of a threat than shorebirds and gulls, even though gulls are frequent kleptoparasites of terns. Pedestrians >120 m from a tern flock generally elicited the same probability of flight response as shorebirds and gulls. We recommend managers maintain anthropogenic disturbance levels at or below the intensity of those from natural sources at sites where recreation and wildlife values are both important. Because staging tern flocks may use a variety of areas within a site, we recommend instituting a 100‐m buffer around areas potentially used by staging flocks at Cape Cod, where we studied every location roseate terns are known to use in large numbers. For other sites used by mixed‐species tern flocks, we recommend the use of our field and analytical methods to develop appropriate buffer distances that will keep pedestrians far enough away to reduce the likelihood of flight and other non‐locomotive anti‐predator behaviors. These buffer zones will also benefit other species sensitive to human activity.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21594","usgsCitation":"Althouse, M.A., Cohen, J.B., Karpanty, S.M., Spendelow, J.A., Davis, K.L., Parsons, K.C., and Luttazi, C.F., 2019, Evaluating response distances to develop buffer zones for staging terns: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 83, no. 2, p. 260-271, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21594.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"260","endPage":"271","ipdsId":"IP-086252","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467977,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99164","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":360723,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"83","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-11-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c5022c3e4b0708288f7e7f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Althouse, Melissa A.","contributorId":211834,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Althouse","given":"Melissa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13404,"text":"SUNY College of Environmental Science & Forestry","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":754994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cohen, Jonathan B.","contributorId":211835,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cohen","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":13404,"text":"SUNY College of Environmental Science & Forestry","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":754995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Karpanty, Sarah M.","contributorId":63307,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karpanty","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":33131,"text":"Dept of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":754996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Spendelow, Jeffrey A. 0000-0001-8167-0898 jspendelow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8167-0898","contributorId":4355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spendelow","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jspendelow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Davis, Kayla L.","contributorId":177595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Kayla","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":754997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Parsons, Katherine C.","contributorId":211836,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parsons","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":38328,"text":"Mass Audubon Coastal Waterbird Program","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":754998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Luttazi, Cristin F.","contributorId":177596,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luttazi","given":"Cristin","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":754999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70210224,"text":"70210224 - 2019 - Challenges in Columbia River fisheries conservation: Response to Duda et al.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-21T14:32:04.392722","indexId":"70210224","displayToPublicDate":"2019-01-28T09:30:03","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1701,"text":"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Challenges in Columbia River fisheries conservation: Response to Duda et al.","docAbstract":"The salmonid fisheries of the Columbia River Basin (CRB) have enormous socioeconomic, cultural, and ecological importance to numerous diverse stakeholders (e.g., state, federal, tribal, nonprofit), and there are a wide array of opinions and perspectives on how these fisheries should be managed. Although we appreciate Duda et al.’s commentary, it offers only one perspective of many in this context. The objective of our paper (Hand et al. 2018) was to provide justification for “the importance of social–ecological perspectives when communicating conservation values and goals, and the role of independent science in guiding management policy and practice for salmonids in the CRB”. However, we did not intend to strictly advocate for a single course of action, and the available space within our paper’s Panel 1 limited us from engaging in a thorough ecological debate.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/fee.1990","usgsCitation":"Hand, B., Flint, C.G., Frissell, C.A., Muhlfeld, C.C., Devlin, S.P., Kennedy, B., Crabtree, R.L., McKee, A., Luikart, G., and Stanford, J.A., 2019, Challenges in Columbia River fisheries conservation: Response to Duda et al.: Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, v. 17, no. 1, p. 11-13, https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.1990.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"13","ipdsId":"IP-104091","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467979,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.1990","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":374987,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hand, Brian K.","contributorId":139248,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hand","given":"Brian K.","affiliations":[{"id":12707,"text":"Flathead Lake Biological Station, Fish and Wildlife Genomics Group, University of Montana, Polson, MT 59860","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":789631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Courtney G.","contributorId":202755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flint","given":"Courtney","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":789632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Frissell, Chris A.","contributorId":202756,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frissell","given":"Chris","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36523,"text":"University of Montana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":789633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Muhlfeld, Clint C. 0000-0002-4599-4059 cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4599-4059","contributorId":924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhlfeld","given":"Clint","email":"cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":789634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Devlin, Shawn P.","contributorId":202757,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Devlin","given":"Shawn","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":36523,"text":"University of Montana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":789635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kennedy, Brian P.","contributorId":202785,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Brian P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Crabtree, Robert L.","contributorId":202758,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crabtree","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":35162,"text":"Yellowstone Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":789637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McKee, Arthur","contributorId":224820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKee","given":"Arthur","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36523,"text":"University of Montana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":789638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Luikart, Gordon","contributorId":145746,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luikart","given":"Gordon","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16220,"text":"Flathead Lake Biological Station, Div. Biological Science, UM","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":789639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Stanford, Jack A.","contributorId":150193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stanford","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70201727,"text":"70201727 - 2019 - Development of perennial thaw zones in boreal hillslopes enhances potential mobilization of permafrost carbon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-01-28T14:33:47","indexId":"70201727","displayToPublicDate":"2019-01-17T14:33:42","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1562,"text":"Environmental Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of perennial thaw zones in boreal hillslopes enhances potential mobilization of permafrost carbon","docAbstract":"Permafrost thaw alters subsurface flow in boreal regions that in turn influences the magnitude, seasonality, and chemical composition of streamflow. Prediction of these changes is challenged by incomplete knowledge of timing, flowpath depth, and amount of groundwater discharge to streams in response to thaw. One important phenomenon that may affect flow and transport through boreal hillslopes is development of lateral perennial thaw zones (PTZs), the existence of which is here supported by geophysical observations and cryohydrogeologic modeling. Model results link thaw to enhanced and seasonally-extended baseflow, which have implications for mobilization of soluble constituents. Results demonstrate the sensitivity of PTZ development to organic layer thickness and near-surface factors that mediate heat exchange at the atmosphere/ground-surface interface. Study findings suggest that PTZs serve as a detectable precursor to accelerated permafrost degradation. This study provides important contextual insight on a fundamental thermo-hydrologic process that can enhance terrestrial-to-aquatic transfer of permafrost carbon, nitrogen, and mercury previously sequestered in thawing watersheds.
","language":"English","publisher":"IOP Publishing","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/aaf0cc","usgsCitation":"Walvoord, M.A., Voss, C., Ebel, B., and Minsley, B.J., 2019, Development of perennial thaw zones in boreal hillslopes enhances potential mobilization of permafrost carbon: Environmental Research Letters, v. 14, no. 1, p. 1-11, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaf0cc.","productDescription":"Article 015003; 11 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"11","ipdsId":"IP-098066","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467989,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaf0cc","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437601,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HWCOBP","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Model Archive for coupled energy and fluid flow simulations generalized to boreal hillslopes"},{"id":360760,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"14","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-01-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c5022c3e4b0708288f7e800","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walvoord, Michelle A. 0000-0003-4269-8366","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4269-8366","contributorId":211843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walvoord","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":755031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Voss, Clifford I. 0000-0001-5923-2752","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-2752","contributorId":211844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Clifford I.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":755032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ebel, Brian A. 0000-0002-5413-3963","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-3963","contributorId":211845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebel","given":"Brian A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":755033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Minsley, Burke J. 0000-0003-1689-1306 bminsley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1689-1306","contributorId":697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minsley","given":"Burke","email":"bminsley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":755034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70215991,"text":"70215991 - 2019 - Space use, forays, and habitat selection in California Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis occidentalis): New insights from high resolution GPS tracking","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-02T16:02:27.176921","indexId":"70215991","displayToPublicDate":"2019-01-15T09:52:37","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Space use, forays, and habitat selection in California Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis occidentalis): New insights from high resolution GPS tracking","docAbstract":"Our current understanding of the relationship between imperiled species and forest management can benefit from global positioning system (GPS) technologies. Fauna of lateseral stage forests have historically been difficult to detect and track in rugged terrain, leading to challenges in movement characterization and conservation. We investigated movement of California Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis occidentalis) using automated GPS loggers affixed to 15 owls in the northern Sierra Nevada, California. We used >17,000 locations from individual owls to characterize homerange size, movement distances, and roosting and foraging habitat selection at four spatio-temporal scales (landscape, home range, foray, nightly) during the breeding season (April–August). Additionally, we assessed owl use of Protected Activity Centers (PACs), which are designated by the U.S.D.A. Forest Service to protect nesting and roosting habitat. Our results corroborated some previous findings about habitat requirements of California Spotted Owls, while also revealing new nuances in space use and habitat selection. Roosting and foraging owls selected stands with high canopy cover and large trees at multiple spatio-temporal scales, with foraging owls showing strongest selection at the largest (landscape) scale investigated. Although owls selected for PACs while foraging and roosting, PACs protected less than one quarter of foraging space use (volume of use) and fewer than half of observed roosts during the breeding season. Female owl home ranges were double the size of male home ranges, and distances travelled from the nest by females were 1.3 times greater than distances travelled by males, with non-breeding females travelling farthest and visiting up to six PACs during a single breeding season. Foraying behavior of this sort has not been documented previously in California Spotted Owls. Our findings support protection of later seral stage forest attributes for roosting and foraging California Spotted Owls. Given their selection for later seral forest attributes, strongest evidence of foraging habitat selection at the landscape scale, long distances travelled by owls and limited habitat protection afforded by PACs, habitat connectivity across the landscape is likely an important component for owl conservation, and distribution of current protected areas may be inadequate for this wide-ranging species.
Question
Are self‐organizing maps (SOMs) useful for patterning coastal wetland vegetation communities? Do SOMs provide robust alternatives to traditional classification methods, particularly when underlying species response functions are unknown or difficult to approximate, or when a need exists to continuously classify new samples obtained under ongoing long‐term ecosystem monitoring programs as they become available?.
Location
Coastal Louisiana, USA.
Methods
A SOM was trained from in situ observations of 559 vegetation species relative cover data from 2526 samples collected over eight years at 343 locations across coastal Louisiana. Hierarchical cluster analysis was applied to the SOM output to delineate vegetation community types, and indicator species analysis was conducted. Salinity and flood duration were compared across the delineated community types.
Results
The SOM patterned the 2526 training samples into 260 output neurons, which were further clustered into eleven community types. Clear gradients in salinity and flood duration existed among the community types, and geographic zonation of the communities was evident across the landscape. At some locations assemblages were temporally stable; at other locations they varied considerably. Samples not used in training the network were effectively projected onto the SOM and assigned to one of the delineated community types.
Conclusions
The SOM was effective in delineating plant communities in the region that were qualitatively similar to those obtained in previous investigations. Being robust to skewed distributions and the presence of outliers, SOMs provide an alternative to traditional distribution‐based statistical approaches. Their ability to efficiently classify new data into existing community types makes their use an ideal approach to classifying samples obtained from ongoing, long‐term ecological monitoring programs.