{"pageNumber":"85","pageRowStart":"2100","pageSize":"25","recordCount":36989,"records":[{"id":70048005,"text":"ofr20131170M - 2013 - Public-policy issues associated with the SAFRR Tsunami Scenario","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70048005,"text":"ofr20131170M - 2013 - Public-policy issues associated with the SAFRR Tsunami Scenario","indexId":"ofr20131170M","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"chapter":"M","title":"Public-policy issues associated with the SAFRR Tsunami Scenario"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70047964,"text":"ofr20131170 - 2013 - The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario","indexId":"ofr20131170","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"title":"The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70047964,"text":"ofr20131170 - 2013 - The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario","indexId":"ofr20131170","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"title":"The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-13T17:16:00.934979","indexId":"ofr20131170M","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-06T06:13:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1170","chapter":"M","title":"Public-policy issues associated with the SAFRR Tsunami Scenario","docAbstract":"The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) tsunami scenario simulates a tsunami generated by a hypothetical magnitude 9.1 earthquake that occurs offshore of the Alaska Peninsula (Kirby and others, 2013). In addition to the work performed by the authors on public-policy issues associated with the SAFRR tsunami scenario, this section of the scenario also reflects the policy discussions of the State of California’s Tsunami Policy Work Group, a voluntary advisory body formed in October 2011, which operates under the California Natural Resources Agency (CNRA), Department of Conservation, and is charged with identifying, evaluating, and making recommendations to resolve issues that are preventing full and effective implementation of tsunami hazard mitigation and risk reduction throughout California’s coastal communities. It also presents the analyses of plans and hazard policies of California’s coastal counties, incorporated cities, and major ports performed by the staff of the California Geological Survey (CGS) and Lauren Prehoda, Office of Environmental and Government Affairs, California Department of Conservation. It also draws on the policy framework and assessment prepared for the ARkStorm Pacific Coast winter storm and catastrophic flooding (Topping and others, 2010).","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario (Open File Report 2013-1170)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131170M","usgsCitation":"Johnson, L., and Real, C., 2013, Public-policy issues associated with the SAFRR Tsunami Scenario: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1170, v, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131170M.","productDescription":"v, 39 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-046335","costCenters":[{"id":553,"text":"Science Application for Risk Reduction (SAFRR)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277347,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131170m.gif"},{"id":277345,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/m/index.html"},{"id":277346,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/m/pdf/of2013-1170m.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"522aeb6ae4b08fd0132e7955","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Laurie","contributorId":11294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Laurie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Real, Chuck","contributorId":23058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Real","given":"Chuck","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70048011,"text":"ofr20131170L - 2013 - Tsunami mitigation and preparedness activities in California","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70048011,"text":"ofr20131170L - 2013 - Tsunami mitigation and preparedness activities in California","indexId":"ofr20131170L","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"chapter":"L","title":"Tsunami mitigation and preparedness activities in California"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70047964,"text":"ofr20131170 - 2013 - The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario","indexId":"ofr20131170","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"title":"The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70047964,"text":"ofr20131170 - 2013 - The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario","indexId":"ofr20131170","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"title":"The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-13T17:17:25.09101","indexId":"ofr20131170L","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-06T02:22:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1170","chapter":"L","title":"Tsunami mitigation and preparedness activities in California","docAbstract":"Scenario planning and final results associated with the U.S. Geological Survey Science Application for Risk Reduction (SAFRR) tsunami project are providing great benefits to the ongoing tsunami risk-reduction efforts of the California Tsunami Preparedness and Hazard Mitigation Program. This program, led by the California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services and the California Geological Survey, works with coastal communities to improve tsunami preparedness and mitigation at the local level through various efforts, such as improving tsunami hazard analysis, establishing consistent evacuation communications and planning, and leveraging national risk-reduction efforts associated with the National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program. The recent 2010 Chilean and 2011 Tohoku tsunamis did not cause notable inundation of dry land in California, but dozens of harbors sustained damages totaling nearly $100 million (Wilson and others, 2012a). Estimates associated with the SAFRR distant tsunami scenario suggest socioeconomic and environmental losses could be even larger. Information gathered from these events and the SAFRR scenario is guiding the development and implementation of new strategies for emergency response, maritime planning, and land-use planning, including a reassessment of the tsunami threat along the California coast;\nscenario-specific, tsunami evacuation “playbook” maps and guidance in-harbor hazard maps and offshore safety zones for potential boat evacuation during future distant source events; “probability-based” products for land-use planning under the California Seismic Hazard Mapping Act; and an expansion of real-time and post-tsunami field reconnaissance teams and information sharing through a state-wide clearinghouse. The state tsunami program has benefitted greatly from participation in the SAFRR tsunami scenario process, and hopes to continue this relationship with the U.S. Geological Survey to help improve tsunami preparedness in California.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario (Open File Report 2013-1170)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131170L","usgsCitation":"Wilson, R., and Miller, K., 2013, Tsunami mitigation and preparedness activities in California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1170, v, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131170L.","productDescription":"v, 10 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":553,"text":"Science Application for Risk Reduction (SAFRR)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277344,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131170l.gif"},{"id":277343,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/l/pdf/of2013-1170l.pdf"},{"id":277342,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/l/index.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-122.421439,37.869969],[-122.41847,37.852721],[-122.434403,37.852434],[-122.446316,37.861046],[-122.430958,37.872242],[-122.421439,37.869969]]],[[[-122.3785,37.826505],[-122.377879,37.830648],[-122.369941,37.832137],[-122.358779,37.814278],[-122.362661,37.807577],[-122.372422,37.811301],[-122.3785,37.826505]]],[[[-120.248484,33.999329],[-120.230001,34.010136],[-120.19578,34.004284],[-120.167306,34.008219],[-120.147647,34.024831],[-120.140362,34.025974],[-120.115058,34.019866],[-120.090182,34.019806],[-120.073609,34.024477],[-120.057637,34.03734],[-120.043259,34.035806],[-120.050382,34.013331],[-120.046575,34.000002],[-120.011123,33.979894],[-119.978876,33.983081],[-119.979913,33.969623],[-119.97026,33.944359],[-120.017715,33.936366],[-120.048611,33.915775],[-120.098601,33.907853],[-120.121817,33.895712],[-120.168974,33.91909],[-120.224461,33.989059],[-120.248484,33.999329]]],[[[-119.789798,34.05726],[-119.755521,34.056716],[-119.712576,34.043265],[-119.686507,34.019805],[-119.637742,34.013178],[-119.612226,34.021256],[-119.604287,34.031561],[-119.608798,34.035245],[-119.59324,34.049625],[-119.5667,34.053452],[-119.52064,34.034262],[-119.542449,34.021082],[-119.547072,34.005469],[-119.560464,33.99553],[-119.575636,33.996009],[-119.596877,33.988611],[-119.662825,33.985889],[-119.721206,33.959583],[-119.742966,33.963877],[-119.758141,33.959212],[-119.842748,33.97034],[-119.873358,33.980375],[-119.884896,34.008814],[-119.876329,34.032087],[-119.916216,34.058351],[-119.923337,34.069361],[-119.919155,34.07728],[-119.912857,34.077508],[-119.857304,34.071298],[-119.825865,34.059794],[-119.818742,34.052997],[-119.789798,34.05726]]],[[[-120.46258,34.042627],[-120.440248,34.036918],[-120.415287,34.05496],[-120.403613,34.050442],[-120.390906,34.051994],[-120.368813,34.06778],[-120.370176,34.074907],[-120.362251,34.073056],[-120.354982,34.059256],[-120.36029,34.05582],[-120.358608,34.050235],[-120.346946,34.046576],[-120.331161,34.049097],[-120.302122,34.023574],[-120.317052,34.018837],[-120.347706,34.020114],[-120.35793,34.015029],[-120.409368,34.032198],[-120.427408,34.025425],[-120.454134,34.028081],[-120.465329,34.038448],[-120.46258,34.042627]]],[[[-118.524531,32.895488],[-118.535823,32.90628],[-118.551134,32.945155],[-118.573522,32.969183],[-118.586928,33.008281],[-118.596037,33.015357],[-118.606559,33.01469],[-118.605534,33.030999],[-118.594033,33.035951],[-118.57516,33.033961],[-118.569013,33.029151],[-118.559171,33.006291],[-118.540069,32.980933],[-118.496811,32.933847],[-118.369984,32.839273],[-118.353504,32.821962],[-118.356541,32.817311],[-118.379968,32.824545],[-118.394565,32.823978],[-118.425634,32.800595],[-118.44492,32.820593],[-118.496298,32.851572],[-118.507193,32.876264],[-118.524531,32.895488]]],[[[-118.500212,33.449592],[-118.477646,33.448392],[-118.445812,33.428907],[-118.423576,33.427258],[-118.382037,33.409883],[-118.370323,33.409285],[-118.365094,33.388374],[-118.310213,33.335795],[-118.303174,33.320264],[-118.305084,33.310323],[-118.325244,33.299075],[-118.374768,33.320065],[-118.440047,33.318638],[-118.465368,33.326056],[-118.48877,33.356649],[-118.478465,33.38632],[-118.48875,33.419826],[-118.515914,33.422417],[-118.52323,33.430733],[-118.53738,33.434608],[-118.563442,33.434381],[-118.60403,33.47654],[-118.54453,33.474119],[-118.500212,33.449592]]],[[[-119.543842,33.280329],[-119.528141,33.284929],[-119.465717,33.259239],[-119.429559,33.228167],[-119.444269,33.21919],[-119.476029,33.21552],[-119.545872,33.233406],[-119.564971,33.24744],[-119.578942,33.278628],[-119.562042,33.271129],[-119.543842,33.280329]]],[[[-122.289533,42.007764],[-121.035195,41.993323],[-120.001058,41.995139],[-119.995926,40.499901],[-120.005743,39.228664],[-120.001014,38.999574],[-119.333423,38.538328],[-118.714312,38.102185],[-117.875927,37.497267],[-117.244917,37.030244],[-116.488233,36.459097],[-115.852908,35.96966],[-115.102881,35.379371],[-114.633013,35.002085],[-114.629015,34.986148],[-114.634953,34.958918],[-114.629753,34.938684],[-114.635176,34.875003],[-114.623939,34.859738],[-114.586842,34.835672],[-114.57101,34.794294],[-114.552682,34.766871],[-114.516619,34.736745],[-114.470477,34.711368],[-114.452628,34.668546],[-114.451753,34.654321],[-114.441465,34.64253],[-114.438739,34.621455],[-114.424202,34.610453],[-114.429747,34.591734],[-114.422382,34.580711],[-114.405228,34.569637],[-114.380838,34.529724],[-114.378124,34.507288],[-114.386699,34.457911],[-114.375789,34.447798],[-114.335372,34.450038],[-114.32613,34.437251],[-114.294836,34.421389],[-114.286802,34.40534],[-114.264317,34.401329],[-114.226107,34.365916],[-114.199482,34.361373],[-114.176909,34.349306],[-114.157206,34.317862],[-114.138282,34.30323],[-114.134768,34.268965],[-114.139055,34.259538],[-114.159697,34.258242],[-114.223384,34.205136],[-114.229715,34.186928],[-114.254141,34.173831],[-114.287294,34.170529],[-114.320777,34.138635],[-114.353031,34.133121],[-114.366521,34.118575],[-114.390565,34.110084],[-114.411681,34.110031],[-114.43338,34.088413],[-114.43934,34.057893],[-114.434949,34.037784],[-114.438266,34.022609],[-114.46283,34.008421],[-114.46117,33.994687],[-114.499883,33.961789],[-114.522002,33.955623],[-114.535478,33.934651],[-114.533679,33.926072],[-114.508558,33.906098],[-114.518555,33.889847],[-114.50434,33.876882],[-114.503017,33.867998],[-114.514673,33.858638],[-114.52453,33.858477],[-114.529597,33.848063],[-114.520465,33.827778],[-114.527161,33.816191],[-114.504863,33.760465],[-114.504483,33.750998],[-114.512348,33.734214],[-114.496565,33.719155],[-114.494197,33.707922],[-114.495719,33.698454],[-114.523959,33.685879],[-114.531523,33.675108],[-114.525201,33.661583],[-114.530244,33.65014],[-114.526947,33.637534],[-114.529662,33.622794],[-114.524813,33.611351],[-114.540617,33.591412],[-114.5403,33.580615],[-114.524391,33.553683],[-114.558898,33.531819],[-114.560552,33.518272],[-114.569533,33.509219],[-114.591554,33.499443],[-114.622918,33.456561],[-114.627125,33.433554],[-114.635183,33.422726],[-114.652828,33.412922],[-114.687953,33.417944],[-114.701732,33.408388],[-114.725535,33.404056],[-114.708408,33.384147],[-114.698035,33.352442],[-114.707962,33.323421],[-114.731223,33.302434],[-114.723259,33.288079],[-114.684363,33.276025],[-114.672401,33.26047],[-114.689421,33.24525],[-114.674479,33.225504],[-114.678749,33.203448],[-114.675831,33.18152],[-114.679359,33.159519],[-114.703682,33.113769],[-114.706488,33.08816],[-114.68902,33.084036],[-114.686991,33.070969],[-114.674296,33.057171],[-114.673659,33.041897],[-114.662317,33.032671],[-114.64598,33.048903],[-114.618788,33.027202],[-114.589778,33.026228],[-114.575161,33.036542],[-114.52013,33.029984],[-114.502871,33.011153],[-114.492938,32.971781],[-114.476156,32.975168],[-114.467664,32.966861],[-114.469113,32.952673],[-114.48074,32.937027],[-114.47664,32.923628],[-114.462929,32.907944],[-114.468971,32.845155],[-114.494116,32.823288],[-114.510217,32.816417],[-114.530755,32.793485],[-114.532432,32.776923],[-114.526856,32.757094],[-114.539093,32.756949],[-114.539224,32.749812],[-114.564447,32.749554],[-114.564508,32.742298],[-114.581736,32.742321],[-114.581784,32.734946],[-114.612697,32.734516],[-114.618373,32.728245],[-114.688779,32.737675],[-114.701918,32.745548],[-114.719633,32.718763],[-116.04662,32.623353],[-117.124862,32.534156],[-117.136664,32.618754],[-117.168866,32.671952],[-117.196767,32.688851],[-117.213068,32.687751],[-117.236239,32.671353],[-117.246069,32.669352],[-117.25757,32.72605],[-117.25257,32.752949],[-117.25497,32.786948],[-117.26107,32.803148],[-117.280971,32.822247],[-117.28217,32.839547],[-117.27387,32.851447],[-117.26497,32.848947],[-117.25617,32.859447],[-117.25167,32.874346],[-117.25447,32.900146],[-117.28077,33.012343],[-117.315278,33.093504],[-117.328359,33.121842],[-117.362572,33.168437],[-117.469794,33.296417],[-117.50565,33.334063],[-117.547693,33.365491],[-117.59588,33.386629],[-117.607905,33.406317],[-117.645582,33.440728],[-117.684584,33.461927],[-117.691984,33.456627],[-117.715349,33.460556],[-117.726486,33.483427],[-117.784888,33.541525],[-117.814188,33.552224],[-117.840289,33.573523],[-117.87679,33.592322],[-117.927091,33.605521],[-117.940591,33.620021],[-118.000593,33.654319],[-118.029694,33.676418],[-118.088896,33.729817],[-118.132698,33.753217],[-118.180831,33.763072],[-118.187701,33.749218],[-118.181367,33.717367],[-118.207476,33.716905],[-118.258687,33.703741],[-118.317205,33.712818],[-118.360505,33.736817],[-118.385006,33.741417],[-118.396606,33.735917],[-118.411211,33.741985],[-118.428407,33.774715],[-118.405007,33.800215],[-118.394376,33.804289],[-118.392107,33.840915],[-118.460611,33.969111],[-118.482729,33.995912],[-118.519514,34.027509],[-118.543115,34.038508],[-118.569235,34.04164],[-118.609652,34.036424],[-118.668358,34.038887],[-118.706215,34.029383],[-118.744952,34.032103],[-118.783433,34.021543],[-118.805114,34.001239],[-118.854653,34.034215],[-118.928048,34.045847],[-118.938081,34.043383],[-119.004644,34.066231],[-119.037494,34.083111],[-119.088536,34.09831],[-119.109784,34.094566],[-119.130169,34.100102],[-119.18864,34.139005],[-119.216441,34.146105],[-119.257043,34.213304],[-119.278644,34.266902],[-119.290945,34.274902],[-119.313034,34.275689],[-119.337475,34.290576],[-119.370356,34.319486],[-119.388249,34.317398],[-119.42777,34.353016],[-119.461036,34.374064],[-119.536957,34.395495],[-119.559459,34.413395],[-119.616862,34.420995],[-119.638864,34.415696],[-119.671866,34.416096],[-119.688167,34.412497],[-119.684666,34.408297],[-119.709067,34.395397],[-119.729369,34.395897],[-119.794771,34.417597],[-119.835771,34.415796],[-119.853771,34.407996],[-119.873971,34.408795],[-119.925227,34.433931],[-119.956433,34.435288],[-120.008077,34.460447],[-120.038828,34.463434],[-120.088591,34.460208],[-120.141165,34.473405],[-120.25777,34.467451],[-120.295051,34.470623],[-120.341369,34.458789],[-120.471376,34.447846],[-120.47661,34.475131],[-120.511421,34.522953],[-120.581293,34.556959],[-120.622575,34.554017],[-120.637805,34.56622],[-120.645739,34.581035],[-120.640244,34.604406],[-120.60197,34.692095],[-120.60045,34.70464],[-120.614852,34.730709],[-120.62632,34.738072],[-120.637415,34.755895],[-120.616296,34.816308],[-120.610266,34.85818],[-120.616325,34.866739],[-120.639283,34.880413],[-120.647328,34.901133],[-120.670835,34.904115],[-120.63999,35.002963],[-120.629931,35.061515],[-120.630957,35.101941],[-120.644311,35.139616],[-120.651134,35.147768],[-120.662475,35.153357],[-120.675074,35.153061],[-120.698906,35.171192],[-120.714185,35.175998],[-120.74887,35.177795],[-120.754823,35.174701],[-120.756086,35.160459],[-120.760492,35.15971],[-120.778998,35.168897],[-120.786076,35.177666],[-120.856047,35.206487],[-120.89679,35.247877],[-120.862684,35.346776],[-120.866099,35.393045],[-120.884757,35.430196],[-120.907937,35.449069],[-120.946546,35.446715],[-120.969436,35.460197],[-121.003359,35.46071],[-121.101595,35.548814],[-121.126027,35.593058],[-121.143561,35.606046],[-121.166712,35.635399],[-121.251034,35.656641],[-121.284973,35.674109],[-121.289794,35.689428],[-121.314632,35.71331],[-121.315786,35.75252],[-121.332449,35.783106],[-121.388053,35.823483],[-121.413146,35.855316],[-121.439584,35.86695],[-121.462264,35.885618],[-121.461227,35.896906],[-121.472435,35.91989],[-121.4862,35.970348],[-121.503112,36.000299],[-121.531876,36.014368],[-121.574602,36.025156],[-121.590395,36.050363],[-121.592853,36.065062],[-121.606845,36.072065],[-121.618672,36.087767],[-121.629634,36.114452],[-121.680145,36.165818],[-121.717176,36.195146],[-121.779851,36.227407],[-121.797059,36.234211],[-121.813734,36.234235],[-121.826425,36.24186],[-121.851967,36.277831],[-121.874797,36.289064],[-121.888491,36.30281],[-121.894714,36.317806],[-121.892917,36.340428],[-121.905446,36.358269],[-121.903195,36.393603],[-121.914378,36.404344],[-121.91474,36.42589],[-121.9416,36.485602],[-121.938763,36.506423],[-121.944666,36.521861],[-121.925937,36.525173],[-121.932508,36.559935],[-121.942533,36.566435],[-121.957335,36.564482],[-121.978592,36.580488],[-121.970427,36.582754],[-121.941666,36.618059],[-121.93643,36.636746],[-121.923866,36.634559],[-121.890164,36.609259],[-121.889064,36.601759],[-121.860604,36.611136],[-121.831995,36.644856],[-121.814462,36.682858],[-121.807062,36.714157],[-121.805643,36.750239],[-121.788278,36.803994],[-121.809363,36.848654],[-121.862266,36.931552],[-121.894667,36.961851],[-121.930069,36.97815],[-121.95167,36.97145],[-121.972771,36.954151],[-122.012373,36.96455],[-122.023373,36.96215],[-122.027174,36.95115],[-122.050122,36.948523],[-122.105976,36.955951],[-122.155078,36.98085],[-122.20618,37.013949],[-122.252181,37.059448],[-122.284882,37.101747],[-122.306139,37.116383],[-122.337071,37.117382],[-122.337833,37.135936],[-122.359791,37.155574],[-122.367085,37.172817],[-122.390599,37.182988],[-122.405073,37.195791],[-122.407181,37.219465],[-122.419113,37.24147],[-122.411686,37.265844],[-122.40085,37.359225],[-122.423286,37.392542],[-122.443687,37.435941],[-122.452087,37.48054],[-122.472388,37.50054],[-122.493789,37.492341],[-122.499289,37.495341],[-122.516689,37.52134],[-122.519533,37.537302],[-122.513688,37.552239],[-122.517187,37.590637],[-122.501386,37.599637],[-122.494085,37.644035],[-122.496784,37.686433],[-122.514483,37.780829],[-122.50531,37.788312],[-122.485783,37.790629],[-122.478083,37.810828],[-122.463793,37.804653],[-122.407452,37.811441],[-122.398139,37.80563],[-122.385323,37.790724],[-122.375854,37.734979],[-122.356784,37.729505],[-122.361749,37.71501],[-122.370411,37.717572],[-122.391374,37.708331],[-122.387626,37.67906],[-122.374291,37.662206],[-122.3756,37.652389],[-122.387381,37.648462],[-122.386072,37.637662],[-122.35531,37.615736],[-122.358583,37.611155],[-122.373309,37.613773],[-122.378545,37.605592],[-122.360219,37.592501],[-122.317676,37.590865],[-122.305895,37.575484],[-122.262698,37.572866],[-122.214264,37.538505],[-122.196593,37.537196],[-122.194957,37.522469],[-122.168449,37.504143],[-122.155686,37.501198],[-122.140142,37.507907],[-122.127706,37.500053],[-122.111344,37.50758],[-122.111998,37.528851],[-122.147014,37.588411],[-122.145378,37.600846],[-122.152905,37.640771],[-122.163049,37.667933],[-122.246826,37.72193],[-122.257953,37.739601],[-122.257134,37.745001],[-122.242638,37.753744],[-122.253753,37.761218],[-122.293996,37.770416],[-122.330963,37.786035],[-122.33555,37.799538],[-122.333711,37.809797],[-122.323567,37.823214],[-122.303931,37.830087],[-122.301313,37.847758],[-122.310477,37.873938],[-122.309986,37.892755],[-122.32373,37.905845],[-122.33453,37.908791],[-122.35711,37.908791],[-122.367582,37.903882],[-122.385908,37.908136],[-122.39049,37.922535],[-122.413725,37.937262],[-122.430087,37.963115],[-122.415361,37.963115],[-122.399832,37.956009],[-122.367582,37.978168],[-122.361905,37.989991],[-122.367909,38.01253],[-122.340093,38.003694],[-122.321112,38.012857],[-122.300823,38.010893],[-122.283478,38.022674],[-122.262861,38.0446],[-122.273006,38.07438],[-122.314567,38.115287],[-122.366273,38.141467],[-122.39638,38.149976],[-122.403514,38.150624],[-122.409798,38.136231],[-122.439577,38.116923],[-122.454958,38.118887],[-122.489974,38.112014],[-122.483757,38.071762],[-122.499465,38.032165],[-122.497828,38.019402],[-122.481466,38.007621],[-122.462812,38.003367],[-122.452995,37.996167],[-122.448413,37.984713],[-122.456595,37.978823],[-122.471975,37.981768],[-122.488665,37.966714],[-122.487684,37.948716],[-122.479175,37.941516],[-122.48572,37.937589],[-122.499465,37.939225],[-122.503064,37.928753],[-122.478193,37.918608],[-122.471975,37.910427],[-122.472303,37.902573],[-122.458558,37.894064],[-122.448413,37.89341],[-122.438268,37.880974],[-122.45005,37.871157],[-122.462158,37.868866],[-122.480811,37.873448],[-122.479151,37.825428],[-122.505383,37.822128],[-122.548986,37.836227],[-122.561487,37.851827],[-122.584289,37.859227],[-122.60129,37.875126],[-122.656519,37.904519],[-122.682171,37.90645],[-122.70264,37.89382],[-122.727297,37.904626],[-122.736898,37.925825],[-122.766138,37.938004],[-122.783244,37.951334],[-122.797405,37.976657],[-122.821383,37.996735],[-122.856573,38.016717],[-122.882114,38.025273],[-122.939711,38.031908],[-122.956811,38.02872],[-122.981776,38.009119],[-122.97439,37.992429],[-123.024066,37.994878],[-123.011533,38.003438],[-122.99242,38.041758],[-122.960889,38.112962],[-122.949074,38.15406],[-122.953629,38.17567],[-122.965408,38.187113],[-122.968112,38.202428],[-122.993959,38.237602],[-122.968569,38.242879],[-122.967203,38.250691],[-122.977082,38.267902],[-122.986319,38.273164],[-123.002911,38.295708],[-123.024333,38.310573],[-123.038742,38.313576],[-123.051061,38.310693],[-123.053504,38.299385],[-123.063671,38.302178],[-123.074684,38.322574],[-123.068437,38.33521],[-123.068265,38.359865],[-123.128825,38.450418],[-123.202277,38.494314],[-123.249797,38.511045],[-123.287156,38.540223],[-123.331899,38.565542],[-123.343338,38.590008],[-123.371876,38.607235],[-123.398166,38.647044],[-123.441774,38.699744],[-123.461291,38.717001],[-123.514784,38.741966],[-123.541837,38.776764],[-123.579856,38.802835],[-123.58638,38.802857],[-123.605317,38.822765],[-123.647387,38.845472],[-123.659846,38.872529],[-123.71054,38.91323],[-123.725367,38.917438],[-123.726315,38.936367],[-123.738886,38.95412],[-123.729053,38.956667],[-123.711149,38.977316],[-123.6969,39.004401],[-123.690095,39.031157],[-123.693969,39.057363],[-123.713392,39.108422],[-123.721505,39.125327],[-123.737913,39.143442],[-123.742221,39.164885],[-123.765891,39.193657],[-123.774998,39.212083],[-123.777368,39.237214],[-123.787893,39.264327],[-123.803848,39.278771],[-123.803081,39.291747],[-123.811387,39.312825],[-123.808772,39.324368],[-123.822085,39.343857],[-123.826306,39.36871],[-123.81469,39.446538],[-123.766475,39.552803],[-123.787417,39.604552],[-123.782322,39.621486],[-123.792659,39.684122],[-123.808208,39.710715],[-123.829545,39.723071],[-123.838089,39.752409],[-123.839797,39.795637],[-123.851714,39.832041],[-123.907664,39.863028],[-123.930047,39.909697],[-123.954952,39.922373],[-123.980031,39.962458],[-124.035904,40.013319],[-124.056408,40.024305],[-124.068908,40.021307],[-124.079983,40.029773],[-124.080709,40.06611],[-124.110549,40.103765],[-124.187874,40.130542],[-124.214895,40.160902],[-124.296497,40.208816],[-124.320912,40.226617],[-124.327691,40.23737],[-124.34307,40.243979],[-124.363414,40.260974],[-124.363634,40.276212],[-124.347853,40.314634],[-124.362796,40.350046],[-124.365357,40.374855],[-124.373599,40.392923],[-124.391496,40.407047],[-124.409591,40.438076],[-124.38494,40.48982],[-124.383224,40.499852],[-124.387023,40.504954],[-124.382816,40.519],[-124.329404,40.61643],[-124.158322,40.876069],[-124.137066,40.925732],[-124.118147,40.989263],[-124.112165,41.028173],[-124.125448,41.048504],[-124.138217,41.054342],[-124.153622,41.05355],[-124.154513,41.087159],[-124.160556,41.099011],[-124.159065,41.121957],[-124.165414,41.129822],[-124.158539,41.143021],[-124.149674,41.140845],[-124.1438,41.144686],[-124.106986,41.229678],[-124.072294,41.374844],[-124.063076,41.439579],[-124.066057,41.470258],[-124.081427,41.511228],[-124.081987,41.547761],[-124.092404,41.553615],[-124.101123,41.569192],[-124.097385,41.585251],[-124.100961,41.602499],[-124.114413,41.616768],[-124.120225,41.640354],[-124.135552,41.657307],[-124.147412,41.717955],[-124.164716,41.740126],[-124.17739,41.745756],[-124.194953,41.736778],[-124.23972,41.7708],[-124.248704,41.771459],[-124.255994,41.783014],[-124.245027,41.7923],[-124.230678,41.818681],[-124.208439,41.888192],[-124.203402,41.940964],[-124.204948,41.983441],[-124.211605,41.99846],[-123.656998,41.995137],[-123.624554,41.999837],[-123.347562,41.999108],[-123.145959,42.009247],[-123.045254,42.003049],[-122.893961,42.002605],[-122.289533,42.007764]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"California\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"522aeb6be4b08fd0132e795d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Rick","contributorId":12766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Rick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Kevin H.","contributorId":100727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Kevin H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70048006,"text":"ofr20131170K - 2013 - Communication products for the Science Application for Risk Reduction (SAFRR) tsunami scenario: Chapter K in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-06T02:19:04","indexId":"ofr20131170K","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-06T02:05:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1170","chapter":"K","title":"Communication products for the Science Application for Risk Reduction (SAFRR) tsunami scenario: Chapter K in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>","docAbstract":"Science Application for Risk Reduction (SAFRR), like its predecessor the Multi-Hazards Demonstration Project, has a mission to increase the use of science by decision-makers of all kinds. Thus, an important part of any SAFRR scenario is development of products that enhance usability of the science. In this tsunami scenario, the focus has been on development of three kinds of products: products that augment typical outputs of scientific studies, such as reports, to make the results of the scenario more relevant and usable to nonscientists; products that distill local impacts and allow users in specific locales to identify which aspects of the broad regional study apply to their local area; and\nproducts that effectively deliver disaster preparedness messaging to one group of people who are not usually interested in disaster preparedness—those ages 18 to 34.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario (Open File Report 2013-1170)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Sruvey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131170K","collaboration":"Chapter K:  in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>.  For more information, see: <a href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/\" target=\"_blank\">Open File Report 2013-1170</a>.","usgsCitation":"Perry, S.C., 2013, Communication products for the Science Application for Risk Reduction (SAFRR) tsunami scenario: Chapter K in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1170, iv, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131170K.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-046332","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277339,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/k/"},{"id":277340,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/k/pdf/of2013-1170k.pdf"},{"id":277341,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131170k.gif"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"522aeb66e4b08fd0132e7929","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perry, Suzanne C. 0000-0002-6370-4326 scperry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6370-4326","contributorId":5227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Suzanne","email":"scperry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70048010,"text":"ofr20131170J - 2013 - Emergency management response to a warning-level Alaska-source tsunami impacting California: Chapter J in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-06T02:02:57","indexId":"ofr20131170J","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-06T01:39:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1170","chapter":"J","title":"Emergency management response to a warning-level Alaska-source tsunami impacting California: Chapter J in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>","docAbstract":"This chapter is directed towards two audiences: Firstly, it targets nonemergency management readers, providing them with insight on the process and challenges facing emergency managers in responding to tsunami Warning, particularly given this “short fuse” scenario. It is called “short fuse” because there is only a 5.5-hour window following the earthquake before arrival of the tsunami within which to evaluate the threat, disseminate alert and warning messages, and respond. This action initiates a period when crisis communication is of paramount importance. An additional dynamic that is important to note is that within 15 minutes of the earthquake, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the National Weather Service (NWS) will issue alert bulletins for the entire Pacific Coast. This is one-half the time actually presented by recent tsunamis from Japan, Chile, and Samoa. Second, the chapter provides emergency managers at all levels with insights into key considerations they may need to address in order to augment their existing plans and effectively respond to tsunami events. We look at emergency management response to the tsunami threat from three perspectives:“Top Down” (Threat analysis and Alert/Warning information from the Federal agency charged with Alert and Warning) “Bottom Up” (Emergency management’s Incident Command approach to responding to emergencies and disasters based on the needs of impacted local jurisdictions) “Across Time” (From the initiating earthquake event through emergency response) We focus on these questions: What are the government roles, relationships, and products that support Tsunami Alert and Warning dissemination? (Emergency Planning and Preparedness.) What roles, relationships, and products support emergency management response to Tsunami Warning and impact? (Engendering prudent public safety response.) What are the key emergency management activities, considerations, and challenges brought out by the SAFRR tsunami scenario? (Real emergencies) How do these activities, considerations, and challenges play out as the tsunami event unfolds across the “life” of the event? (Lessons)","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario (Open File Report 2013-1170)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131170J","collaboration":"Chapter J in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>.  For more information, see: <a href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/\" target=\"_blank\">Open File Report 2013-1170</a>","usgsCitation":"Miller, K.M., and Long, K., 2013, Emergency management response to a warning-level Alaska-source tsunami impacting California: Chapter J in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1170, vi, 245 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131170J.","productDescription":"vi, 245 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":553,"text":"Science Application for Risk Reduction (SAFRR)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277338,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131170j.gif"},{"id":277336,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/j/pdf/of2013-1170j.pdf"},{"id":277337,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/j/"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.13,32.53 ], [ -114.13,42.01 ], [ -124.48,42.01 ], [ -124.48,32.53 ], [ -114.13,32.53 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"522aeb68e4b08fd0132e7939","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Kevin M.","contributorId":77035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Long, Kate","contributorId":88641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"Kate","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70048009,"text":"ofr20131170H - 2013 - Economic impacts of the SAFRR tsunami scenario in California: Chapter H in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-06T01:34:29","indexId":"ofr20131170H","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-06T01:12:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1170","chapter":"H","title":"Economic impacts of the SAFRR tsunami scenario in California: Chapter H in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>","docAbstract":"This study evaluates the hypothetical economic impacts of the SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) tsunami scenario to the California economy. The SAFRR scenario simulates a tsunami generated by a hypothetical magnitude 9.1 earthquake that occurs offshore of the Alaska Peninsula (Kirby and others, 2013). Economic impacts are measured by the estimated reduction in California’s gross domestic product (GDP), the standard economic measure of the total value of goods and services produced. Economic impacts are derived from the physical damages from the tsunami as described by Porter and others (2013). The principal physical damages that result in disruption of the California economy are (1) about $100 million in damages to the twin Ports of Los Angeles (POLA) and Long Beach (POLB), (2) about $700 million in damages to marinas, and (3) about $2.5 billion in damages to buildings and contents (properties) in the tsunami inundation zone on the California coast. The study of economic impacts does not include the impacts from damages to roads, bridges, railroads, and agricultural production or fires in fuel storage facilities because these damages will be minimal with respect to the California economy. The economic impacts of damage to other California ports are not included in this study because detailed evaluation of the physical damage to these ports was not available in time for this report. The analysis of economic impacts is accomplished in several steps. First, estimates are made for the direct economic impacts that result in immediate business interruption losses in individual sectors of the economy due to physical damage to facilities or to disruption of the flow of production units (commodities necessary for production). Second, the total economic impacts (consisting of both direct and indirect effects) are measured by including the general equilibrium (essentially quantity and price multiplier effects) of lost production in other sectors by ripple effects upstream and downstream along the supply chain. An appropriate measure of the economic impacts on the California economy for the SAFRR tsunami scenario is the reduction in GDP. The economic impacts are first calculated without resilience, the ability of the economy to adjust to disruptions in ways that mute potential negative impacts. There are many types of resilience, including using existing inventories of materials, using unused capacity, conserving inputs, substituting for disrupted supplies, recapturing production after the disruption is restored, and many others. A method for estimating resilience, identified in the port system and sectors affected by property damages, is applied to indicate potential reductions of direct and total economic impacts. In this SAFRR tsunami scenario analysis of economic impacts to California, we implement established techniques used to model the economic impacts for two previous U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scenarios: the southern California Shakeout earthquake (Rose and others, 2011) and the California ARkStorm severe winter storm (Sue Wing and others, written commun., 2013). For the SAFRR tsunami scenario, we reviewed the relevant studies that assess economic impacts from previous tsunami events affecting California and elsewhere and estimate the economic impacts of potential tsunami and other threats to POLA and POLB. To our knowledge, assessment of impacts to the California economy from distant source tsunamis does not exist. Previous tsunamis, including those from the 1960 Chile earthquake, the 1964 Alaska earthquake, the 2008 Chile earthquake and the 2011 Japan earthquake, had only relatively minor or very localized severe damage (such as that in Crescent City in 1964), and no studies of the economic impacts were completed. A rare study of the economic impacts of a tsunami event has recently been produced for the Tohoku earthquake and tsunami (Kajitani and others, 2013). Quarterly declines in Japan’s GDP are observed to peak at ‒1.63 percent in the second quarter after the event and stagnate for the rest of the year. The majority of the economic impacts are attributed to the tsunami rather than the earthquake. The hardest hit sectors are identified as agriculture, fisheries, manufacturing, retail, and tourism. Other relevant studies have focused on the economic impacts of threats that close POLA and POLB. We find one analysis of a potential tsunami scenario affecting the California economy through disruption of port operations. Borrero and others (2005) estimated economic impacts to the southern California economy of $7 to $40 billion from a locally generated tsunami that closes POLA and POLB for as much as 1 year. There have also been several studies of the economic impacts of non-tsunami events affecting POLA and POLB. Analyses of an 11-day labor lockout produced a range of estimated national impacts of as much as $1.94 billion/day (Park and others 2008, Martin Associates 2001). Examination of a potential terrorist attack that closes the San Pedro port for 1 month yielded a $29 billion impact to the California economy (Park, 2008). These studies have reinforced the importance of recognizing economic resilience in economic impact analyses. Hall (2004) criticized the upper-end estimate of national economic impacts from the labor lockout based on model shortcomings that neglected short-run substitution behavior and fixed the long-run economic behaviors. Following the 2011 Japanese tsunami, resilience was observed in the forms of rapid recovery of manufacturing sectors, energy conservation, and insurance (Kajitani and others, 2013).","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario (Open File Report 2013-1170)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131170H","collaboration":"Chapter H in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>.  For more information, see: <a href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/\" target=\"_blank\">Open File Report 2013-1170</a>","usgsCitation":"Wein, A., Rose, A., Sue Wing, I., and Wei, D., 2013, Economic impacts of the SAFRR tsunami scenario in California: Chapter H in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1170, Report: 50 p.; Table D3: Excel file; Table D4: Excel file; Tsunami Port Direct Impacts without and with Resilience: Excel file, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131170H.","productDescription":"Report: 50 p.; Table D3: Excel file; Table D4: Excel file; Tsunami Port Direct Impacts without and with Resilience: Excel file","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":277335,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131170h.gif"},{"id":277330,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/h/"},{"id":277331,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/h/pdf/of2013-1170h.pdf"},{"id":277332,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/h/downloads/table_d3.xlsx"},{"id":277333,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/h/downloads/table_d4.xlsx"},{"id":277334,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/h/downloads/Tsunami_Port_Direct_Impacts_without_and_with_Resilience.xlsx"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.13,32.53 ], [ -114.13,42.01 ], [ -124.48,42.01 ], [ -124.48,32.53 ], [ -114.13,32.53 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"522aeb68e4b08fd0132e7935","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wein, Anne 0000-0002-5516-3697 awein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5516-3697","contributorId":589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wein","given":"Anne","email":"awein@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rose, Adam","contributorId":82573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"Adam","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sue Wing, Ian","contributorId":54503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sue Wing","given":"Ian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wei, Dan","contributorId":26962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wei","given":"Dan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70047997,"text":"ofr20131171 - 2013 - Evaluation of the groundwater flow model for southern Utah and Goshen Valleys, Utah, updated to conditions through 2011, with new projections and groundwater management simulations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-10T15:27:37","indexId":"ofr20131171","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-05T14:38:53","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1171","title":"Evaluation of the groundwater flow model for southern Utah and Goshen Valleys, Utah, updated to conditions through 2011, with new projections and groundwater management simulations","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Southern Utah Valley Municipal Water Association, updated an existing USGS model of southern Utah and Goshen Valleys for hydrologic and climatic conditions from 1991 to 2011 and used the model for projection and groundwater management simulations. All model files used in the transient model were updated to be compatible with MODFLOW-2005 and with the additional stress periods. The well and recharge files had the most extensive changes. Discharge to pumping wells in southern Utah and Goshen Valleys was estimated and simulated on an annual basis from 1991 to 2011. Recharge estimates for 1991 to 2011 were included in the updated model by using precipitation, streamflow, canal diversions, and irrigation groundwater withdrawals for each year. The model was evaluated to determine how well it simulates groundwater conditions during recent increased withdrawals and drought, and to determine if the model is adequate for use in future planning. In southern Utah Valley, the magnitude and direction of annual water-level fluctuation simulated by the updated model reasonably match measured water-level changes, but they do not simulate as much decline as was measured in some locations from 2000 to 2002. Both the rapid increase in groundwater withdrawals and the total groundwater withdrawals in southern Utah Valley during this period exceed the variations and magnitudes simulated during the 1949 to 1990 calibration period. It is possible that hydraulic properties may be locally incorrect or that changes, such as land use or irrigation diversions, occurred that are not simulated. In the northern part of Goshen Valley, simulated water-level changes reasonably match measured changes. Farther south, however, simulated declines are much less than measured declines. Land-use changes indicate that groundwater withdrawals in Goshen Valley are possibly greater than estimated and simulated. It is also possible that irrigation methods, amount of diversions, or other factors have changed that are not simulated or that aquifer properties are incorrectly simulated. The model can be used for projections about the effects of future groundwater withdrawals and managed aquifer recharge in southern Utah Valley, but rapid changes in withdrawals and increasing withdrawals dramatically may reduce the accuracy of the predicted water-level and groundwater-budget changes. The model should not be used for projections in Goshen Valley until additional withdrawal and discharge data are collected and the model is recalibrated if necessary. Model projections indicate large drawdowns of up to 400 feet and complete cessation of natural discharge in some areas with potential future increases in water use. Simulated managed aquifer recharge counteracts those effects. Groundwater management examples indicate that drawdown could be less, and discharge at selected springs could be greater, with optimized groundwater withdrawals and managed aquifer recharge than without optimization. Recalibration to more recent stresses and seasonal stress periods, and collection of new withdrawal, stream, land-use, and discharge data could improve the model fit to water-level changes and the accuracy of predictions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131171","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Southern Utah Valley Municipal Water Association","usgsCitation":"Brooks, L.E., 2013, Evaluation of the groundwater flow model for southern Utah and Goshen Valleys, Utah, updated to conditions through 2011, with new projections and groundwater management simulations: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1171, vi, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131171.","productDescription":"vi, 35 p.","numberOfPages":"46","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277324,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131171.jpg"},{"id":277322,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1171/"},{"id":277323,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1171/pdf/ofr2013-1171.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Goshen Valley, Southern Utah Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112,39.5 ], [ -112,40.6 ], [ -111.16,40.6 ], [ -111.16,39.5 ], [ -112,39.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"522999dfe4b0f33a3916774c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brooks, Lynette E. 0000-0002-9074-0939 lebrooks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9074-0939","contributorId":2718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Lynette","email":"lebrooks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70047989,"text":"ofr20131003 - 2013 - Sea-floor geology in northeastern Block Island Sound, Rhode Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T18:25:20","indexId":"ofr20131003","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-05T11:10:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1003","title":"Sea-floor geology in northeastern Block Island Sound, Rhode Island","docAbstract":"Multibeam-echosounder and sidescan-sonar data collected by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in northeastern Block Island Sound, combined with sediment samples and bottom photography collected by the U.S. Geological Survey, are used to interpret sea-floor features and sedimentary environments in this 52-square-kilometer-area offshore Rhode Island. Boulders, which are often overgrown with sessile fauna and flora, are mostly in water depths shallower than 20 meters. They are probably part of the southern flank of the Harbor Hill-Roanoke Point-Charlestown-Buzzards Bay moraine, deposited about 18,000 years ago. Scour depressions, areas of the sea floor with a coarser grained, rippled surface lying about 0.5 meter below the finer grained, surrounding sea floor, along with erosional outliers within the depressions are in a band near shore and also offshore in deep parts of the study area. Textural and bathymetric differences between areas of scour depressions and the surrounding sea floor or erosional outliers stand out in the sidescan-sonar imagery with sharp tonal contrasts. Also visible in the sidescan-sonar imagery are broad, low-profile bedforms with coarser grained troughs and finer grained crests.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131003","usgsCitation":"McMullen, K.Y., Poppe, L., Ackerman, S.D., Blackwood, D.S., Lewit, P., and Parker, C.E., 2013, Sea-floor geology in northeastern Block Island Sound, Rhode Island: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1003, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131003.","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277310,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131003.gif"},{"id":277308,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1003/title_page.html"},{"id":277307,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1003/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Rhode Island","otherGeospatial":"Block Island Sound","geographicExtents":"{\"crs\": {\"type\": \"name\", \"properties\": {\"name\": \"urn:ogc:def:crs:OGC:1.3:CRS84\"}}, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [[[-71.5127361083695, 41.374865718724074], [-71.51462070311004, 41.36927422021169], [-71.51318874543256, 41.3683632751069], [-71.51106354641985, 41.371738506543444], [-71.50852399423627, 41.37241636012385], [-71.50926317349098, 41.37335623575238], [-71.5068948074156, 41.373263454169255], [-71.49048647576501, 41.362714462921616], [-71.49036367329842, 41.35957687313061], [-71.48751045285518, 41.36097862174062], [-71.48121025249941, 41.358151265585036], [-71.47882173009191, 41.35943560333122], [-71.47765444441654, 41.357902946888366], [-71.4789560967701, 41.349449833778124], [-71.50071374924102, 41.34417027153665], [-71.49391524028937, 41.33748930712102], [-71.48757435649793, 41.326797236350046], [-71.48708483244633, 41.3175741317338], [-71.49889495951686, 41.31506189270702], [-71.50345443916535, 41.317995851246785], [-71.58562162860615, 41.31784956254495], [-71.58778440304559, 41.319941612472185], [-71.58710923048693, 41.32127764173243], [-71.59124618190611, 41.33218678973423], [-71.59386077742757, 41.33167908798708], [-71.59442201864425, 41.33340476516445], [-71.59180776858346, 41.333922788744744], [-71.59641129412461, 41.34230429998661], [-71.60010486401836, 41.35410546959327], [-71.60499068474991, 41.35576934379792], [-71.60420792464902, 41.35737451918481], [-71.60178406235555, 41.35724755200918], [-71.6039460832202, 41.36287784322058], [-71.5946278180612, 41.36408657018692], [-71.5818296039617, 41.368377398403744], [-71.57016462918762, 41.370217377514166], [-71.56427358411975, 41.369435605244334], [-71.55983530838853, 41.37185053766479], [-71.54891044879882, 41.37318158607775], [-71.54231452272455, 41.36980449400686], [-71.54045204023959, 41.37121259150273], [-71.52953811910157, 41.37184259242489], [-71.527419120655, 41.37583009835655], [-71.52008374206325, 41.37503507413786], [-71.51657022413279, 41.372477853249826], [-71.51494839567096, 41.377648161406746], [-71.5126029050341, 41.377571565273065], [-71.5127361083695, 41.374865718724074]]]}, \"properties\": {\"extentType\": \"Custom\", \"code\": \"\", \"name\": \"\", \"notes\": \"\", \"promotedForReuse\": false, \"abbreviation\": \"\", \"shortName\": \"\", \"description\": \"\"}, \"bbox\": [-71.60499068474991, 41.31506189270702, -71.47765444441654, 41.377648161406746], \"type\": \"Feature\", \"id\": \"3091983\"}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"522999e0e4b0f33a39167754","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McMullen, Kate Y.","contributorId":8582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMullen","given":"Kate","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poppe, Lawrence J. lpoppe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"Lawrence J.","email":"lpoppe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":483515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ackerman, Seth D. 0000-0003-0945-2794 sackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0945-2794","contributorId":178676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Seth","email":"sackerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":483518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blackwood, Dann S. dblackwood@usgs.gov","contributorId":2457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blackwood","given":"Dann","email":"dblackwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lewit, P.G.","contributorId":76028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewit","given":"P.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Parker, Castle E.","contributorId":28684,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parker","given":"Castle","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12448,"text":"U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":483519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70047984,"text":"ofr20131170F - 2013 - Potential Environmental and Environmental-Health Implications of the SAFRR Tsunami Scenario in California: Chapter F in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-04T16:02:54","indexId":"ofr20131170F","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-04T15:43:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1170","chapter":"F","title":"Potential Environmental and Environmental-Health Implications of the SAFRR Tsunami Scenario in California: Chapter F in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>","docAbstract":"The California Tsunami Scenario models the impacts of a hypothetical, yet plausible, tsunami caused by an earthquake offshore from the Alaska Peninsula. In this chapter, we interpret plausible tsunami-related contamination, environmental impacts, potential for human exposures to contaminants and hazardous materials, and implications for remediation and recovery. Inundation-related damages to major ports, boat yards, and many marinas could release complex debris, crude oil, various fuel types and other petroleum products, some liquid bulk cargo and dry bulk cargo, and diverse other pollutants into nearby coastal marine environments and onshore in the inundation zone. Tsunami-induced erosion of contaminated harbor bottom sediments could re-expose previously sequestered metal and organic pollutants (for example, organotin or DDT). Inundation-related damage to many older buildings could produce debris containing lead paint, asbestos, pesticides, and other legacy contaminants. Intermingled household debris and externally derived debris and sediments would be left in flooded buildings. Post tsunami, mold would likely develop in inundated houses, buildings, and debris piles. Tsunamigenic fires in spilled oil, debris, cargo, vehicles, vegetation, and residential, commercial, or industrial buildings and their contents would produce potentially toxic gases and smoke, airborne ash, and residual ash/debris containing caustic alkali solids, metal toxicants, asbestos, and various organic toxicants. Inundation of and damage to wastewater treatment plants in many coastal cities could release raw sewage containing fecal solids, pathogens, and waste chemicals, as well as chemicals used to treat wastewaters. Tsunami-related physical damages, debris, and contamination could have short- and longer-term impacts on the environment and the health of coastal marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Marine habitats in intertidal zones, marshes, sloughs, and lagoons could be damaged by erosion or sedimentation, and could receive an influx of debris, metal and organic contaminants, and sewage-related pathogens. Debris and re-exposed contaminated sediments would be a source of sea- or rain-water-leachable metal and organic contaminants that could pose chronic toxicity threats to ecosystems.\nIf human populations are successfully evacuated prior to the tsunami arrival, there would be no or limited numbers of drownings, other casualties, or related injuries, wounds, and infections. Immediately after the tsunami, human populations away from the inundation zone could be transiently exposed to airborne gases, smoke, and ash from tsunamigenic fires. Cleanup and disposal, particularly of hazardous materials, would pose substantial logistical challenges and economic costs. Given the high value of the coastal residential and commercial properties in the inundation zone, it can be postulated that there would be substantial insurance claims for environmental restoration, mold mitigation, disposal of debris that contains hazardous materials, and costs of litigation related to environmental liability. Post-tsunami cleanup, if done with appropriate mitigation (for example, dust control), personal protection, and disposal measures, would help reduce the potential for cleanup-worker and resident exposures to toxicants and pathogens in harbor waters, debris, soils, ponded waters, and buildings. A number of other steps can be taken by governments, businesses, and residents to help reduce the environmental impacts of tsunamis and to recover more quickly from these environmental impacts. For example, development of State and local policies that foster rapid assessment of potential contamination, as well as rapid decision making for disposal options should hazardous debris or sediment be identified, would help enhance recovery by speeding cleanup.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario (Open File Report 2013-1170)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131170F","collaboration":"Chapter F in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>.  For more information, see: <a href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/\" target=\"_blank\">Open File Report 2013-1170</a>","usgsCitation":"Plumlee, G.S., Morman, S.A., and San Juan, C., 2013, Potential Environmental and Environmental-Health Implications of the SAFRR Tsunami Scenario in California: Chapter F in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1170, v, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131170F.","productDescription":"v, 34 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":553,"text":"Science Application for Risk Reduction (SAFRR)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277295,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/f/index.html"},{"id":277296,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/f/pdf/of2013-1170f.pdf"},{"id":277297,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131170f.gif"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.48,32.53 ], [ -124.48,42.01 ], [ -114.13,42.01 ], [ -114.13,32.53 ], [ -124.48,32.53 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52284861e4b06291bed8039c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plumlee, Geoffrey S. 0000-0002-9607-5626 gplumlee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-5626","contributorId":960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumlee","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gplumlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morman, Suzette A. 0000-0002-2532-1033 smorman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2532-1033","contributorId":996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morman","given":"Suzette","email":"smorman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"San Juan, Carma 0000-0002-9151-1919","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9151-1919","contributorId":64144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"San Juan","given":"Carma","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70047983,"text":"ofr20131170E - 2013 - The SAFRR tsunami scenario-physical damage in California: Chapter E in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-06T07:40:51","indexId":"ofr20131170E","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-04T15:28:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1170","chapter":"E","title":"The SAFRR tsunami scenario-physical damage in California: Chapter E in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>","docAbstract":"his chapter attempts to depict a single realistic outcome of the SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) tsunami scenario in terms of physical damage to and recovery of various aspects of the built environment in California. As described elsewhere in this report, the tsunami is generated by a hypothetical magnitude 9.1 earthquake seaward of the Alaska Peninsula on the Semidi Sector of the Alaska–Aleutian Subduction Zone, 495 miles southwest of Anchorage, at 11:50 a.m. Pacific Daylight Time (PDT) on Thursday March 27, 2014, and arriving at the California coast between 4:00 and 5:40 p.m. (depending on location) the same day. Although other tsunamis could have locally greater impact, this source represents a substantial threat to the state as a whole. One purpose of this chapter is to help operators and users of coastal assets throughout California to develop emergency plans to respond to a real tsunami. Another is to identify ways that operators or owners of these assets can think through options for reducing damage before a future tsunami. A third is to inform the economic analyses for the SAFRR tsunami scenario. And a fourth is to identify research needs to better understand the possible consequences of a tsunami on these assets. The asset classes considered here include the following: Piers, cargo, buildings, and other assets at the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach Large vessels in the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach Marinas and small craft Coastal buildings Roads and roadway bridges Rail, railway bridges, and rolling stock Agriculture Fire following tsunami Each asset class is examined in a subsection of this chapter. In each subsection, we generally attempt to offer a historical review of damage. We characterize and quantify the assets exposed to loss and describe the modes of damage that have been observed in past tsunamis or are otherwise deemed likely to occur in the SAFRR tsunami scenario. Where practical, we offer a mathematical model of the damageability of assets exposed to loss. Then, applying the damageability model and the velocity, wave amplitude, and inundation models discussed in other SAFRR chapters we offer a single realistic depiction of damage. Other outcomes are of course possible for this hypothetical event. Where practical we estimate repair costs and estimate the duration required to restore the assets to their pre-tsunami condition. We identify opportunities to enhance the resiliency of the assets, either through making them less vulnerable to damage or able to recover more quickly in spite of the damage. Finally, we identify uncertainties in the modeling where research would improve our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of damage and loss or otherwise improve our ability to estimate the future impacts of tsunamis and inform risk-management decisions for tsunamis. However, it is certain that the kinds of damages discussed here have occurred in past tsunamis, even in developed nations, and in a sufficiently large event, will occur in California. Our uncertainties can operate in either direction, either leading to an overestimate of damage or an underestimate. Therefore, losses in an actual future tsunami could be greater than depicted here. Furthermore this evaluation is not intended to be an exhaustive depiction of what could happen in this or similar tsunamis. Other impacts could occur that are not presented here.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario (Open File Report 2013-1170)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131170E","collaboration":"Chapter E in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>.  For more information, see: <a href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/\" target=\"_blank\">Open File Report 2013-1170</a>","usgsCitation":"Porter, K., Byers, W., Dykstra, D., Lim, A., Lynett, P., Ratliff, J., Scawthorn, C., Wein, A., and Wilson, R., 2013, The SAFRR tsunami scenario-physical damage in California: Chapter E in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1170, xi, 168 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131170E.","productDescription":"xi, 168 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":553,"text":"Science Application for Risk Reduction (SAFRR)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277294,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131170e.gif"},{"id":277293,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/e/pdf/of2013-1170e.pdf"},{"id":277292,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/e/index.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.48,32.53 ], [ -124.48,42.01 ], [ -114.13,42.01 ], [ -114.13,32.53 ], [ -124.48,32.53 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52284862e4b06291bed803b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Porter, Keith","contributorId":28689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porter","given":"Keith","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Byers, William","contributorId":103556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byers","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dykstra, David","contributorId":12765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dykstra","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lim, Amy","contributorId":106405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lim","given":"Amy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lynett, Patrick","contributorId":53681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynett","given":"Patrick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ratliff, Jaime","contributorId":35633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratliff","given":"Jaime","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Scawthorn, Charles","contributorId":65755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scawthorn","given":"Charles","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wein, Anne 0000-0002-5516-3697 awein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5516-3697","contributorId":589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wein","given":"Anne","email":"awein@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wilson, Rick","contributorId":12766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Rick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70047981,"text":"ofr20131170D - 2013 - Modeling for the SAFRR Tsunami Scenario-generation, propagation, inundation, and currents in ports and harbors: Chapter D in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-04T15:26:33","indexId":"ofr20131170D","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-04T15:06:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1170","chapter":"D","title":"Modeling for the SAFRR Tsunami Scenario-generation, propagation, inundation, and currents in ports and harbors: Chapter D in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>","docAbstract":"This U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Open-File report presents a compilation of tsunami modeling studies for the Science Application for Risk Reduction (SAFRR) tsunami scenario. These modeling studies are based on an earthquake source specified by the SAFRR tsunami source working group (Kirby and others, 2013). The modeling studies in this report are organized into three groups. The first group relates to tsunami generation. The effects that source discretization and horizontal displacement have on tsunami initial conditions are examined in section 1 (Whitmore and others). In section 2 (Ryan and others), dynamic earthquake rupture models are explored in modeling tsunami generation. These models calculate slip distribution and vertical displacement of the seafloor as a result of realistic fault friction, physical properties of rocks surrounding the fault, and dynamic stresses resolved on the fault. The second group of papers relates to tsunami propagation and inundation modeling. Section 3 (Thio) presents a modeling study for the entire California coast that includes runup and inundation modeling where there is significant exposure and estimates of maximum velocity and momentum flux at the shoreline. In section 4 (Borrero and others), modeling of tsunami propagation and high-resolution inundation of critical locations in southern California is performed using the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Method of Splitting Tsunami (MOST) model and NOAA’s Community Model Interface for Tsunamis (ComMIT) modeling tool. Adjustments to the inundation line owing to fine-scale structures such as levees are described in section 5 (Wilson). The third group of papers relates to modeling of hydrodynamics in ports and harbors. Section 6 (Nicolsky and Suleimani) presents results of the model used at the Alaska Earthquake Information Center for the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach, as well as synthetic time series of the modeled tsunami for other selected locales in southern California. Importantly, section 6 provides a comparison of the effect of including horizontal displacements at the source described in section 1 and differences in bottom friction on wave heights and inundation in the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach. Modeling described in section 7 (Lynett and Son) uses a higher order physical model to determine variations of currents during the tsunami and complex flow structures such as jets and eddies. Section 7 also uses sediment transport models to estimate scour and deposition of sediment in ports and harbors—a significant effect that was observed in southern California following the 2011 Tohoku tsunami. Together, all of the sections in this report form the basis for damage, impact, and emergency preparedness aspects of the SAFRR tsunami scenario. Three sections of this report independently calculate wave height and inundation results using the source specified by Kirby and others (2013). Refer to figure 29 in section 3, figure 52 in section 4, and figure 62 in section 6. All of these results are relative to a mean high water (MHW) vertical datum. Slight differences in the results are observed in East Basin of the Port of Los Angeles, Alamitos Bay, and the Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge. However, given that these three modeling efforts involved different implementations of the source, different numerical wave propagation and runup models, and slight differences in the digital elevation models (DEMs), the similarity among the results is remarkable.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario (Open File Report 2013-1170)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131170D","collaboration":"Chapter D in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>.  For more information, see: <a href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/\" target=\"_blank\">Open File Report 2013-1170</a>.","usgsCitation":"SAFRR Tsunami Modeling Working Group, 2013, Modeling for the SAFRR Tsunami Scenario-generation, propagation, inundation, and currents in ports and harbors: Chapter D in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1170, x, 136 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131170D.","productDescription":"x, 136 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-046059","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":438782,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9X1MGE7","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Simulation and visualization of coastal tsunami impacts from the SAFRR tsunami source"},{"id":277291,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131170d.gif"},{"id":277286,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/d/pdf/of2013-1170d.pdf"},{"id":277287,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/d/index.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.48,32.53 ], [ -124.48,42.01 ], [ -114.13,42.01 ], [ -114.13,32.53 ], [ -124.48,32.53 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52284860e4b06291bed80398","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"SAFRR Tsunami Modeling Working Group","contributorId":128010,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"SAFRR Tsunami Modeling Working Group","id":535584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70047973,"text":"ofr20131170B - 2013 - Alaska earthquake source for the SAFRR tsunami scenario: Chapter B in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-08T12:46:27","indexId":"ofr20131170B","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-04T13:42:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1170","chapter":"B","title":"Alaska earthquake source for the SAFRR tsunami scenario: Chapter B in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>","docAbstract":"Tsunami modeling has shown that tsunami sources located along the Alaska Peninsula segment of the Aleutian-Alaska subduction zone have the greatest impacts on southern California shorelines by raising the highest tsunami waves for a given source seismic moment. The most probable sector for a M<sub>w</sub> ~ 9 source within this subduction segment is between Kodiak Island and the Shumagin Islands in what we call the Semidi subduction sector; these bounds represent the southwestern limit of the 1964 M<sub>w</sub> 9.2 Alaska earthquake rupture and the northeastern edge of the Shumagin sector that recent Global Positioning System (GPS) observations indicate is currently creeping. Geological and geophysical features in the Semidi sector that are thought to be relevant to the potential for large magnitude, long-rupture-runout interplate thrust earthquakes are remarkably similar to those in northeastern Japan, where the destructive M<sub>w</sub> 9.1 tsunamigenic earthquake of 11 March 2011 occurred. In this report we propose and justify the selection of a tsunami source seaward of the Alaska Peninsula for use in the Tsunami Scenario that is part of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Science Application for Risk Reduction (SAFRR) Project. This tsunami source should have the potential to raise damaging tsunami waves on the California coast, especially at the ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach. Accordingly, we have summarized and abstracted slip distribution from the source literature on the 2011 event, the best characterized for any subduction earthquake, and applied this synoptic slip distribution to the similar megathrust geometry of the Semidi sector. The resulting slip model has an average slip of 18.6 m and a moment magnitude of M<sub>w</sub> = 9.1. The 2011 Tohoku earthquake was not anticipated, despite Japan having the best seismic and geodetic networks in the world and the best historical record in the world over the past 1,500 years. What was lacking was adequate paleogeologic data on prehistoric earthquakes and tsunamis, a data gap that also presently applies to the Alaska Peninsula and the Aleutian Islands. Quantitative appraisal of potential tsunami sources in Alaska requires such investigations.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario (Open File Report 2013-1170)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131170B","collaboration":"This report is Chapter B in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>.  For more information, see: <a href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/\" target=\"_blank\">Open File Report 2013-1170</a>.","usgsCitation":"Kirby, S., Scholl, D., von Huene, R.E., and Wells, R., 2013, Alaska earthquake source for the SAFRR tsunami scenario: Chapter B in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1170, Report: vi, 40 p.; Table 3: Excel file; Appendix A: Excel file, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131170B.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 40 p.; Table 3: Excel file; Appendix A: Excel file","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277278,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131170b.gif"},{"id":277276,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/b/index.html"},{"id":277277,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/b/pdf/of2013-1170b_text.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -168.93,51.32 ], [ -168.93,58.33 ], [ -155.04,58.33 ], [ -155.04,51.32 ], [ -168.93,51.32 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52284852e4b06291bed8038c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirby, Stephen","contributorId":89412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scholl, David","contributorId":81400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"von Huene, Roland E. 0000-0003-1301-3866 rvonhuene@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1301-3866","contributorId":191070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"von Huene","given":"Roland","email":"rvonhuene@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":7065,"text":"USGS emeritus","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":483478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wells, Ray 0000-0002-7796-0160","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7796-0160","contributorId":71260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"Ray","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70047968,"text":"ofr20131170A - 2013 - SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario--Executive Summary and Introduction: Chapter A in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-04T13:31:45","indexId":"ofr20131170A","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-04T12:01:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1170","chapter":"A","title":"SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario--Executive Summary and Introduction: Chapter A in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>","docAbstract":"The Science Application for Risk Reduction (SAFRR) tsunami scenario depicts a hypothetical but plausible tsunami created by an earthquake offshore from the Alaska Peninsula and its impacts on the California coast. The tsunami scenario is a collaboration between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the California Geological Survey, the California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), other Federal, State, County, and local agencies, private companies, and academic and other institutions. This document presents evidence for past tsunamis, the scientific basis for the source, likely inundation areas, current velocities in key ports and harbors, physical damage and repair costs, economic consequences, environmental and ecological impacts, social vulnerability, emergency management and evacuation challenges, and policy implications for California associated with this hypothetical tsunami. We also discuss ongoing mitigation efforts by the State of California and new communication products. The intended users are those who need to make mitigation decisions before future tsunamis, and those who will need to make rapid decisions during tsunami events. The results of the tsunami scenario will help managers understand the context and consequences of their decisions and how they may improve preparedness and response. An evaluation component will assess the effectiveness of the scenario process for target stakeholders in a separate report to improve similar efforts in the future.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario (Open File Report 2013-1170)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131170A","usgsCitation":"Ross, S.L., Jones, L.M., Miller, K., Porter, K.A., Wein, A., Wilson, R.I., Bahng, B., Barberopoulou, A., Borrero, J.C., Brosnan, D.M., Bwarie, J.T., Geist, E.L., Johnson, L., Kirby, S.H., Knight, W.R., Long, K., Lynett, P., Mortensen, C.E., Nicolsky, D.J., Perry, S.C., Plumlee, G.S., Real, C.R., Ryan, K., Suleimani, E., Thio, H., Titov, V.V., Whitmore, P.M., and Wood, N.J., 2013, SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario--Executive Summary and Introduction: Chapter A in <i>The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1170, xi, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131170A.","productDescription":"xi, 17 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277264,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/a/"},{"id":277265,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/a/pdf/of2013-1170a.pdf"},{"id":277267,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"This Report Is Chapter A In <i>the Safrr (science Application For Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario</i>.  For More Information;See: <a Href=\"http://pubs.Usgs.Gov/of/2013/1170/\" Target=\"_blank\">open File Report 2013-1170</a>","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.48,32.53 ], [ -124.48,42.01 ], [ -114.13,42.01 ], [ -114.13,32.53 ], [ -124.48,32.53 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52284861e4b06291bed803a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ross, Stephanie L. 0000-0003-1389-4405 sross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1389-4405","contributorId":1024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"Stephanie","email":"sross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Lucile M. jones@usgs.gov","contributorId":1014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Lucile","email":"jones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Kevin H.","contributorId":100727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Kevin H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Porter, Keith A.","contributorId":28883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porter","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wein, Anne 0000-0002-5516-3697 awein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5516-3697","contributorId":589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wein","given":"Anne","email":"awein@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wilson, Rick I.","contributorId":56138,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Rick","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bahng, Bohyun","contributorId":68636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bahng","given":"Bohyun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Barberopoulou, Aggeliki","contributorId":71864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barberopoulou","given":"Aggeliki","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Borrero, Jose C.","contributorId":63293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borrero","given":"Jose","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Brosnan, Deborah M.","contributorId":85493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brosnan","given":"Deborah","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Bwarie, John T.","contributorId":78232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bwarie","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Geist, Eric L. 0000-0003-0611-1150 egeist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-1150","contributorId":1956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geist","given":"Eric","email":"egeist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Johnson, Laurie A.","contributorId":66159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Laurie A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Kirby, Stephen H. 0000-0003-1636-4688 skirby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1636-4688","contributorId":2752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"Stephen","email":"skirby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Knight, William R.","contributorId":35631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Long, Kate","contributorId":88641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"Kate","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Lynett, Patrick","contributorId":53681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynett","given":"Patrick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Mortensen, Carl E. cmortensen@usgs.gov","contributorId":3168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mortensen","given":"Carl","email":"cmortensen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":483451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Nicolsky, Dmitry J.","contributorId":83016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nicolsky","given":"Dmitry","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Perry, Suzanne C. 0000-0002-6370-4326 scperry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6370-4326","contributorId":5227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Suzanne","email":"scperry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Plumlee, Geoffrey S. 0000-0002-9607-5626 gplumlee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-5626","contributorId":960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumlee","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gplumlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Real, Charles R.","contributorId":73199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Real","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Ryan, Kenneth","contributorId":50071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"Kenneth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Suleimani, Elena","contributorId":104382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suleimani","given":"Elena","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Thio, Hong Kie","contributorId":52070,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thio","given":"Hong Kie","affiliations":[{"id":13386,"text":"AECOM","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":483457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Titov, Vasily V.","contributorId":67312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Titov","given":"Vasily","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Whitmore, Paul M.","contributorId":93437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitmore","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Wood, Nathan J. 0000-0002-6060-9729 nwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6060-9729","contributorId":3347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Nathan","email":"nwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28}]}}
,{"id":70047964,"text":"ofr20131170 - 2013 - The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70048005,"text":"ofr20131170M - 2013 - Public-policy issues associated with the SAFRR Tsunami Scenario","indexId":"ofr20131170M","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"chapter":"M","title":"Public-policy issues associated with the SAFRR Tsunami Scenario"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70047964,"text":"ofr20131170 - 2013 - The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario","indexId":"ofr20131170","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"title":"The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":70048011,"text":"ofr20131170L - 2013 - Tsunami mitigation and preparedness activities in California","indexId":"ofr20131170L","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"chapter":"L","title":"Tsunami mitigation and preparedness activities in California"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70047964,"text":"ofr20131170 - 2013 - The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario","indexId":"ofr20131170","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"title":"The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario"},"id":2},{"subject":{"id":70048012,"text":"ofr20131170I - 2013 - Population vulnerability and evacuation challenges in California for the SAFRR tsunami scenario","indexId":"ofr20131170I","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"chapter":"I","title":"Population vulnerability and evacuation challenges in California for the SAFRR tsunami scenario"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70047964,"text":"ofr20131170 - 2013 - The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario","indexId":"ofr20131170","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"title":"The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario"},"id":3},{"subject":{"id":70107358,"text":"ofr20131170C - 2014 - The search for geologic evidence of distant-source tsunamis using new field data in California","indexId":"ofr20131170C","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"The search for geologic evidence of distant-source tsunamis using new field data in California"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70047964,"text":"ofr20131170 - 2013 - The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario","indexId":"ofr20131170","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"title":"The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario"},"id":4}],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-13T16:23:51","indexId":"ofr20131170","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-04T11:33:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1170","title":"The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario","docAbstract":"The Science Application for Risk Reduction (SAFRR) tsunami scenario depicts a hypothetical but plausible tsunami created by an earthquake offshore from the Alaska Peninsula and its impacts on the California coast. The tsunami scenario is a collaboration between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the California Geological Survey (CGS), the California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), other Federal, State, County, and local agencies, private companies, and academic and other institutions. This document presents evidence for past tsunamis, the scientific basis for the source, likely inundation areas, current velocities in key ports and harbors, physical damage and repair costs, economic consequences, environmental and ecological impacts, social vulnerability, emergency management and evacuation challenges, and policy implications for California associated with this hypothetical tsunami. We also discuss ongoing mitigation efforts by the State of California and new communication products. The intended users are those who need to make mitigation decisions before future tsunamis, and those who will need to make rapid decisions during tsunami events. The results of the tsunami scenario will help managers understand the context and consequences of their decisions and how they may improve preparedness and response. An evaluation component will assess the effectiveness of the scenario process for target stakeholders in a separate report to improve similar efforts in the future.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131170","usgsCitation":"2013, The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1170, 13 chapters, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131170.","productDescription":"13 chapters","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277263,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131170.PNG"},{"id":277262,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52284862e4b06291bed803a8","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Ross, Stephanie L. 0000-0003-1389-4405 sross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1389-4405","contributorId":1024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"Stephanie","email":"sross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710345,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Lucile M. jones@usgs.gov","contributorId":1014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Lucile","email":"jones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710346,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70047961,"text":"ofr20131232 - 2013 - Using broad landscape level features to predict redd densities of steelhead trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) and Chinook Salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) in the Methow River watershed, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-25T13:05:14.419686","indexId":"ofr20131232","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-04T06:35:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1232","title":"Using broad landscape level features to predict redd densities of steelhead trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) and Chinook Salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) in the Methow River watershed, Washington","docAbstract":"We used broad-scale landscape feature variables to model redd densities of spring Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) and steelhead trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) in the Methow River watershed. Redd densities were estimated from redd counts conducted from 2005 to 2007 and 2009 for steelhead trout and 2005 to 2009 for spring Chinook salmon. These densities were modeled using generalized linear mixed models. Variables examined included primary and secondary geology type, habitat type, flow type, sinuosity, and slope of stream channel. In addition, we included spring effect and hatchery effect variables to account for high densities of redds near known springs and hatchery outflows. Variables were associated with National Hydrography Database reach designations for modeling redd densities within each reach. Reaches were assigned a dominant habitat type, geology, mean slope, and sinuosity. The best fit model for spring Chinook salmon included sinuosity, critical slope, habitat type, flow type, and hatchery effect. Flow type, slope, and habitat type variables accounted for most of the variation in the data. The best fit model for steelhead trout included year, habitat type, flow type, hatchery effect, and spring effect. The spring effect, flow type, and hatchery effect variables explained most of the variation in the data. Our models illustrate how broad-scale landscape features may be used to predict spawning habitat over large areas where fine-scale data may be lacking.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131232","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Romine, J.G., Perry, R.W., and Connolly, P., 2013, Using broad landscape level features to predict redd densities of steelhead trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) and Chinook Salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) in the Methow River watershed, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1232, iv, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131232.","productDescription":"iv, 22 p.","numberOfPages":"30","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277258,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131232.png"},{"id":277256,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1232/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":277257,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1232/pdf/ofr20131232.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Methow River Watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.833333,\n              48.833333\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.833333,\n              48\n            ],\n            [\n              -120,\n              48\n            ],\n            [\n              -120,\n              48.833333\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.833333,\n              48.833333\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52284863e4b06291bed803b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Romine, Jason G. 0000-0002-6938-1185 jromine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6938-1185","contributorId":2823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romine","given":"Jason","email":"jromine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perry, Russell W. 0000-0003-4110-8619 rperry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4110-8619","contributorId":2820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Russell","email":"rperry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Connolly, Patrick J. 0000-0001-7365-7618 pconnolly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7365-7618","contributorId":2920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connolly","given":"Patrick J.","email":"pconnolly@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70047903,"text":"ofr20131184 - 2013 - U.S. mineral dependence—Statistical compilation of U.S. and world mineral production, consumption, and trade, 1990–2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-30T08:22:47","indexId":"ofr20131184","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-30T08:08:56","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1184","title":"U.S. mineral dependence—Statistical compilation of U.S. and world mineral production, consumption, and trade, 1990–2010","docAbstract":"This report provides insight into the dependence of the United States on foreign supply to meet the country’s mineral needs. When determining vulnerabilities to the U.S. supply, it is not enough to look solely at the mining source for each mineral to determine the potential impact that a supply disruption might have on the Nation’s economy. The tables that accompany this report help to illustrate the importance not only of the mining and processing of minerals but also the exporting countries and end uses. Understanding the total risks and costs of supply disruptions along the supply chain are beyond the scope of this report. However, this overview of mineral production, consumption, and trade highlights the importance of understanding what is happening at each point along the supply chain.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131184","usgsCitation":"Barry, J.J., Matos, G.R., and Menzie, W.D., 2013, U.S. mineral dependence—Statistical compilation of U.S. and world mineral production, consumption, and trade, 1990–2010: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1184, Report: ii, 6 p.; Tables 1-85 Excel, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131184.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 6 p.; Tables 1-85 Excel","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277167,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131184.gif"},{"id":277164,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1184/"},{"id":277165,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1184/pdf/ofr2013-1184.pdf"},{"id":277166,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1184/excel/ofr2013-1184_table.xlsx"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5221b0eae4b001cbb8a34eaf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barry, James J. jbarry@usgs.gov","contributorId":501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barry","given":"James","email":"jbarry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matos, Grecia R. 0000-0002-3285-3070 gmatos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3285-3070","contributorId":2656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matos","given":"Grecia","email":"gmatos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":483253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Menzie, W. David","contributorId":15645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menzie","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":483254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70047842,"text":"ofr20131180 - 2013 - Reconnaissance investigation of the alluvial gold deposits in the North Takhar Area of Interest, Takhar Province, Afghanistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-27T09:19:59","indexId":"ofr20131180","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-27T09:06:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1180","title":"Reconnaissance investigation of the alluvial gold deposits in the North Takhar Area of Interest, Takhar Province, Afghanistan","docAbstract":"This study is a reconnaissance assessment of the alluvial gold deposits of the North Takhar Area of Interest (AOI) in Takhar Province, Afghanistan. Soviet and Afghan geologists collected data and calculated the gold deposit reserves in Takhar Province in the 1970s, prior to the development of satellite-based remote-sensing platforms and new methods of geomorphic mapping. The purpose of this study was to integrate new mapping techniques with previously collected borehole sampling and concentration sampling data and geomorphologic interpretations to reassess the alluvial gold placer deposits in the North Takhar AOI. Through a combination of historical borehole and cross-section data and digital terrain modeling, the Samti, Nooraba-Khasar-Anjir, and Kocha River placer deposits were reassessed. Resource estimates were calculated to be 20,927 kilograms (kg) for Samti, 7,626 kg for Nooraba-Khasar-Anjir, 160 kg for the mouth of the Kocha, 1,047 kg for the lower Kocha, 113 kg for the middle Kocha, and 168 kg for the upper Kocha. Previous resource estimates conducted by the Soviets for the Samti and Nooraba-Khasar-Anjir deposits estimated 30,062 kg and 802 kg of gold, respectively. This difference between the new estimates and previous estimates results from the higher resolution geomorphic model and the interpretation of areas outside of the initial work zone studied by Soviet and Afghan geologists.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131180","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Afghan Geological Survey under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Defense Task Force for Business and Stability Operations; USGS Afghanistan Project Product No. 184","usgsCitation":"Chirico, P., Malpeli, K., and Moran, T., 2013, Reconnaissance investigation of the alluvial gold deposits in the North Takhar Area of Interest, Takhar Province, Afghanistan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1180, iv, 14 p.; 6 Figures: 35 x 31 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131180.","productDescription":"iv, 14 p.; 6 Figures: 35 x 31 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277044,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131180.gif"},{"id":277037,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1180/pdf/of2013-1180.pdf"},{"id":277038,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1180/pdf/of2013-1180_figure1.pdf"},{"id":277039,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1180/pdf/of2013-1180_figure2.pdf"},{"id":277040,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1180/pdf/of2013-1180_figure3.pdf"},{"id":277041,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1180/pdf/of2013-1180_figure4.pdf"},{"id":277042,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1180/pdf/of2013-1180_figure5.pdf"},{"id":277043,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1180/pdf/of2013-1180_figure6.pdf"},{"id":277036,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1180/"}],"country":"Afghanistan","state":"Takhar Province","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 74.89,29.38 ], [ 74.89,38.49 ], [ 60.52,38.49 ], [ 60.52,29.38 ], [ 74.89,29.38 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52a64065e4b0a6d695882609","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chirico, Peter G.","contributorId":27086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chirico","given":"Peter G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Malpeli, Katherine C.","contributorId":55106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malpeli","given":"Katherine C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moran, Thomas W.","contributorId":102999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Thomas W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70047841,"text":"ofr20131179 - 2013 - Reconnaissance investigation of the placer gold deposits in the Zarkashan Area of Interest, Ghazni Province, Afghanistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-27T09:20:54","indexId":"ofr20131179","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-27T08:40:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1179","title":"Reconnaissance investigation of the placer gold deposits in the Zarkashan Area of Interest, Ghazni Province, Afghanistan","docAbstract":"This study is a reconnaissance investigation of the placer gold deposits in the Zarkashan Area of Interest (AOI) in Ghazni Province, Afghanistan. Detailed investigations of the Zarkashan gold deposits were conducted by Soviet and Afghan geologists in the 1960s and 1970s, prior to the development of satellite-based remote-sensing platforms and new methods of geomorphic mapping. The purpose of this study was to integrate new mapping techniques with previously collected concentration and borehole sampling data and geomorphologic interpretations to reassess the placer gold deposits in the Zarkashan AOI. A methodology combining the collection and analysis of historical sampling data, digital database development, hydrologic analysis, and geomorphic modeling was used. The analysis led to the reinterpretation of four gold-bearing seams along the Zarkashan River, and the calculation of an estimated gold reserve of approximately 3,000 kilograms (kg). This estimate is approximately 1,500 kg greater than the Soviet estimate. The result differs in large part due to the reinterpretation of the seams based on a much lower cutoff grade of 100 mg/m<sup>3</sup>. Because cutoff grade is dependent in part on the price of gold, the sevenfold increase in the price of gold since the undertaking of the Soviet investigation warranted our re-evaluation of their 500 mg/m<sup>3</sup> cutoff grade.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131179","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Afghan Geological Survey under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Defense Task Force for Business and Stability Operations; USGS Afghanistan Project Product No. 185","usgsCitation":"Malpeli, K., Chirico, P., and McLoughlin, I.H., 2013, Reconnaissance investigation of the placer gold deposits in the Zarkashan Area of Interest, Ghazni Province, Afghanistan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1179, iv, 12 p.; 4 Figures: 40 x 26 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131179.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.; 4 Figures: 40 x 26 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277034,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131179.gif"},{"id":277029,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1179/"},{"id":277028,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1179/pdf/of2013-1179.pdf"},{"id":277030,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1179/pdf/of2013-1179_figure1.pdf"},{"id":277031,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1179/pdf/of2013-1179_figure2.pdf"},{"id":277032,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1179/pdf/of2013-1179_figure3.pdf"},{"id":277033,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1179/pdf/of2013-1179_figure4.pdf"}],"country":"Afghanistan","otherGeospatial":"Ghazni Province","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 67.0,32.583333 ], [ 67.0,33.333333 ], [ 68.5,33.333333 ], [ 68.5,32.583333 ], [ 67.0,32.583333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52a64066e4b0a6d69588260d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Malpeli, Katherine C.","contributorId":55106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malpeli","given":"Katherine C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chirico, Peter G.","contributorId":27086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chirico","given":"Peter G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McLoughlin, Isabel H.","contributorId":63295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLoughlin","given":"Isabel","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70047808,"text":"ofr20131231 - 2013 - Coastal change from Hurricane Sandy and the 2012-13 winter storm season: Fire Island, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-30T13:24:14","indexId":"ofr20131231","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-27T08:30:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1231","title":"Coastal change from Hurricane Sandy and the 2012-13 winter storm season: Fire Island, New York","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) mounted a substantial effort in response to Hurricane Sandy including an assessment of the morphological impacts to the beach and dune system at Fire Island, New York. Field surveys of the beach and dunes collected just prior to and after landfall were used to quantify change in several focus areas. In order to quantify morphologic change along the length of the island, pre-storm (May 2012) and post-storm (November 2012) lidar and aerial photography were used to assess changes to the shoreline and beach, and to measure volumetric changes. The extent and thicknesses of overwash deposits were mapped in the field, and measurements were used to determine volume, distribution, and characteristics of the deposits.\n\nThe beaches and dunes on Fire Island were severely eroded during Hurricane Sandy, and the island breached in three locations on the eastern segment of the island. Landward shift of the upper portion of the beach averaged 19.7 meters (m) but varied substantially along the coast. Shoreline change was also highly variable, but the shoreline prograded during the storm by an average of 11.4 m, due to the deposition of material eroded from the upper beach and dunes onto the lower portion of the beach. The beaches and dunes lost 54.4 percent of their pre-storm volume, and the dunes experienced overwash along 46.6 percent of the island. The inland overwash deposits account for 14 percent of the volume lost from the beaches and dunes, indicating that the majority of material was moved offshore.\n\nIn the winter months following Hurricane Sandy, seven storm events with significant wave heights greater than four m were recorded at a wave buoy 30 nautical miles south of Fire Island. Monthly shoreline and profile surveys indicate that the beach continued to erode dramatically. The shoreline, which exhibited a progradational trend immediately after Sandy, eroded an average of 21.4 m between November 2012 and mid-March 2013, with a maximum landward shift of nearly 60 m. By March 2013 the elevation of the beach in the majority of the surveyed profiles was lowered below the mean high water level (0.46 m), and the beach lost an additional 18.9 percent of its remaining volume. In the final time period of the field surveys (March to April 2013), the beach began to show signs of rapid recovery, and in 90 percent of the profiles, the volume of the beach in April 2013 was similar to the volume measured immediately after Hurricane Sandy.\n\nOverall, Hurricane Sandy profoundly impacted the morphology of Fire Island and resulted in an extremely low elevation, low relief configuration that has left the barrier island vulnerable to future storms. The coastal system subsequently began to show signs of recovery, and although the beach is likely to experience continued recovery in the form of volume gains, the dunes will take years to rebuild. Events such as Sandy result in a coastal environment that is a more vulnerable to future storm impacts, but they are an important natural process of barrier islands that allow these systems to evolve in response to sea-level rise.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131231","usgsCitation":"Hapke, C.J., Brenner, O., Henderson, R., and Reynolds, B., 2013, Coastal change from Hurricane Sandy and the 2012-13 winter storm season: Fire Island, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1231, vi, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131231.","productDescription":"vi, 37 p.","numberOfPages":"43","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2012-05-01","temporalEnd":"2012-11-30","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277023,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131231.gif"},{"id":277022,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1231/"},{"id":277027,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1231/pdf/ofr2013-1231.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Fire Island","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -73.306874,40.62042 ], [ -73.306874,40.779037 ], [ -72.727963,40.779037 ], [ -72.727963,40.62042 ], [ -73.306874,40.62042 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52722a8be4b0ce70249c9816","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hapke, Cheryl J. 0000-0002-2753-4075 chapke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2753-4075","contributorId":2981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hapke","given":"Cheryl","email":"chapke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6676,"text":"USGS (retired)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":483011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brenner, Owen","contributorId":7987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brenner","given":"Owen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Henderson, Rachel E. 0000-0001-5810-7941 rhehre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5810-7941","contributorId":4934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henderson","given":"Rachel E.","email":"rhehre@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":483012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reynolds, B.J.","contributorId":47874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70047830,"text":"ofr20121219 - 2013 - Carolinas coastal change processes project data report for nearshore observations at Cape Hatteras, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-10T15:40:20.72464","indexId":"ofr20121219","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-26T12:44:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1219","title":"Carolinas coastal change processes project data report for nearshore observations at Cape Hatteras, North Carolina","docAbstract":"An oceanographic field study conducted in February 2010 investigated processes that control nearshore flow and sediment transport dynamics at Cape Hatteras, North Carolina. This report describes the project background, field program, instrumentation setup, and locations of the sensor deployments. The data collected, and supporting meteorological and streamflow observations, are presented as time-series plots for data visualization. Additionally, the data are available as part of this report.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121219","usgsCitation":"Armstrong, B., Warner, J., Voulgaris, G., List, J., Thieler, R., Martini, M.A., Montgomery, E., McNinch, J., Book, J.W., and Haas, K., 2013, Carolinas coastal change processes project data report for nearshore observations at Cape Hatteras, North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1219, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121219.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-041522","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277000,"rank":3,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20121219.gif"},{"id":276999,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1219/title_page.html"},{"id":276998,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1219/"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Cape Hatteras","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.601053,35.212835 ], [ -75.601053,35.278065 ], [ -75.513577,35.278065 ], [ -75.513577,35.212835 ], [ -75.601053,35.212835 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"521c6ad2e4b01458f78428f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Armstrong, Brandy N.","contributorId":98981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armstrong","given":"Brandy N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warner, John C. 0000-0002-3734-8903 jcwarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3734-8903","contributorId":2681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"John C.","email":"jcwarner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Voulgaris, George","contributorId":26377,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Voulgaris","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27143,"text":"University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":483090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"List, Jeffrey H. jlist@usgs.gov","contributorId":2416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"List","given":"Jeffrey H.","email":"jlist@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":483085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thieler, Robert","contributorId":17904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieler","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Martini, Marinna A. 0000-0002-7757-5158 mmartini@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7757-5158","contributorId":2456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martini","given":"Marinna","email":"mmartini@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Montgomery, Ellyn T. emontgomery@usgs.gov","contributorId":407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montgomery","given":"Ellyn T.","email":"emontgomery@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":483084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McNinch, Jesse E.","contributorId":93804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNinch","given":"Jesse E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Book, Jeffrey W.","contributorId":68209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Book","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Haas, Kevin","contributorId":23832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haas","given":"Kevin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70047813,"text":"ofr20131122 - 2013 - User’s guide and reference to Ash3d—A three-dimensional model for Eulerian atmospheric tephra transport and deposition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-16T11:44:27.105677","indexId":"ofr20131122","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-23T16:19:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1122","displayTitle":"User’s Guide and Reference to Ash3d—A Three-Dimensional Model for Eulerian Atmospheric Tephra Transport and Deposition","title":"User’s guide and reference to Ash3d—A three-dimensional model for Eulerian atmospheric tephra transport and deposition","docAbstract":"<p>Ash3d is a three-dimensional Eulerian atmospheric model for tephra transport, dispersal, and deposition to study and forecast hazards of volcanic ash clouds and tephra fall. In this report, we explain how to set up simulations using a web interface, and how to view and interpret model output. We also summarize the architecture of the model and some of its properties.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131122","usgsCitation":"Mastin, L.G., Randall, M.J., Schwaiger, H.F., and Denlinger, R.P., 2021, User’s guide and reference to the web interface of Ash3d—A three-dimensional model for Eulerian atmospheric tephra transport and deposition (ver. 2.0, April 2021): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013–1122, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131122.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 25 p.; Version History","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-112934","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276973,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1122/covrthb.jpg"},{"id":276972,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1122/ofr20131122.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":385065,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1122/versionHist.txt","size":"2 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0:May 2013; Version 2.0: April 2021","contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:yvowebteam@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:yvowebteam@usgs.gov\">Contact YVO</a><br><a href=\"https://volcanoes.usgs.gov/yvo/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-mce-href=\"https://volcanoes.usgs.gov/yvo/\">Volcano Science Center, Yellowstone Volcano Observatory</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>345 Middlefield Road, MS 910<br>Menlo Park, CA 94025</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Introduction&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Model Overview&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Examples of Model Output&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>The Web Interface&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Accessing the Interface&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Creating a New Job&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Entering Source Parameters&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Running the Model&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Model Results Page&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Model Output Files&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Limitations of the Graphical User Interface (GUI)&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Concluding Remarks&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>References Cited&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Appendix</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"publishedDate":"2013-08-23","revisedDate":"2021-04-13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5218765fe4b0e27b926cc671","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mastin, Larry G. 0000-0002-4795-1992 lgmastin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4795-1992","contributorId":555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastin","given":"Larry","email":"lgmastin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Randall, Michael J. 0000-0001-7750-9612","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7750-9612","contributorId":44819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Randall","given":"Michael J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schwaiger, Hans F. 0000-0001-7397-8833 hschwaiger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7397-8833","contributorId":4108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwaiger","given":"Hans","email":"hschwaiger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Denlinger, Roger P. 0000-0003-0930-0635 roger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-0635","contributorId":2679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denlinger","given":"Roger","email":"roger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70047760,"text":"ofr20121157 - 2013 - Shallow geology, seafloor texture, and physiographic zones of the Inner Continental Shelf from Nahant to northern Cape Cod Bay, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T18:29:52","indexId":"ofr20121157","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-22T10:42:47","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1157","title":"Shallow geology, seafloor texture, and physiographic zones of the Inner Continental Shelf from Nahant to northern Cape Cod Bay, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"The Massachusetts inner continental shelf between Nahant and northern Cape Cod Bay has been profoundly affected by the occupation and retreat of glacial ice sheets and relative sea-level change during the Quaternary. Marine geologic mapping of this area is a component of a statewide cooperative effort involving the U.S. Geological Survey and the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management. Interpretation of high-resolution geophysical data (interferometric and multibeam swath bathymetry, lidar, backscatter, and seismic reflection), sediment samples, and bottom photographs was used to produce a series of maps that describe the distribution and texture of seafloor sediments, shallow geologic framework, and physiographic zones of this inner-shelf region. These data and interpretations are intended to aid efforts to inventory and manage coastal and marine resources, and provide baseline information for research focused on coastal evolution and environmental change.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121157","usgsCitation":"Pendleton, E., Baldwin, W.E., Barnhardt, W., Ackerman, S.D., Foster, D.S., Andrews, B., and Schwab, W.C., 2013, Shallow geology, seafloor texture, and physiographic zones of the Inner Continental Shelf from Nahant to northern Cape Cod Bay, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1157, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121157.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276892,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20121157.gif"},{"id":276890,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1157/"},{"id":276891,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1157/title_page.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Nahant;Cape Cod Bay","geographicExtents":"{\"crs\": {\"type\": \"name\", \"properties\": {\"name\": \"urn:ogc:def:crs:OGC:1.3:CRS84\"}}, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"MultiPolygon\", \"coordinates\": [[[[-70.80750274658197, 42.26068305969238], [-70.80795288085938, 42.26125144958506], [-70.81057739257807, 42.260816574096715], [-70.81716728210449, 42.26452827453617], [-70.82504844665527, 42.2642498016358], [-70.82961463928211, 42.26797676086429], [-70.85106658935547, 42.267866134643604], [-70.88245582580566, 42.3103351593018], [-70.92227935791017, 42.30456352233897], [-70.90546417236322, 42.30208015441893], [-70.91213798522949, 42.29739570617686], [-70.89678382873537, 42.27495002746576], [-70.92475128173828, 42.286397933960025], [-70.92362976074217, 42.27561759948724], [-70.94181823730457, 42.25859260559081], [-70.93375968933094, 42.278467178344776], [-70.96728134155262, 42.28579139709483], [-70.95779609680176, 42.296255111694315], [-70.994005203247, 42.28985786437989], [-70.94769859313965, 42.330293655395494], [-71.02159881591797, 42.31577873229985], [-71.00152206420898, 42.33288002014171], [-71.03520965576172, 42.34118080139157], [-71.02189636230463, 42.34454917907719], [-71.04960632324219, 42.35721015930173], [-71.0481452941894, 42.38424110412592], [-71.04184532165527, 42.36440086364751], [-71.00728034973139, 42.345758438110344], [-70.98647784401288, 42.35765701318772], [-71.0008810398693, 42.36862560080158], [-70.9978896068838, 42.37737831212973], [-71.01240359655446, 42.371727827601305], [-71.00860381562552, 42.38498680277615], [-70.99289366519935, 42.38162034197056], [-70.9974464316266, 42.37117385852996], [-70.95309066772461, 42.34412193298339], [-70.96962547302245, 42.36082649230957], [-70.96666717529297, 42.388944625854485], [-70.99103164672852, 42.40819358825682], [-70.98069190979004, 42.426984786987354], [-70.94473075866698, 42.4598484039307], [-70.93614959716798, 42.41652488708507], [-70.90240097045893, 42.418905258178704], [-70.9198493957519, 42.43622016906745], [-70.87603187561028, 42.435327529907326], [-70.87768363952624, 42.37240409851078], [-70.82021331787104, 42.37213325500493], [-70.81995964050287, 42.340318679809684], [-70.78577423095697, 42.33432960510254], [-70.73440933227539, 42.29464149475096], [-70.72245407104487, 42.29975318908689], [-70.57551574707031, 42.18752479553227], [-70.54570007324219, 42.17248344421385], [-70.52366447448725, 42.1760845184326], [-70.51846504211424, 42.15399742126469], [-70.44761085510254, 42.1263866424561], [-70.42424583435059, 42.09076881408697], [-70.2235813140869, 42.084989547729535], [-70.24557685852045, 42.06206703186045], [-70.19910049438478, 42.023836135864315], [-70.15420532226562, 41.953207015991254], [-70.40713310241694, 41.9576015472413], [-70.49971961975092, 41.93226814270023], [-70.54767608642578, 41.99836158752451], [-70.57093429565417, 41.991064071655266], [-70.57887077331537, 42.00293922424326], [-70.60340690612782, 41.998086929321325], [-70.59852981567383, 42.0050983428955], [-70.64382553100586, 42.05184364318847], [-70.64212036132814, 42.09179115295421], [-70.70545005798328, 42.162378311157326], [-70.71759223937988, 42.16391181945812], [-70.71383476257319, 42.19848060607911], [-70.72221565246576, 42.19811058044438], [-70.71322250366198, 42.203180313110465], [-70.7540225982666, 42.22703361511229], [-70.76734161376953, 42.25419044494629], [-70.77389717102045, 42.23892784118655], [-70.80750274658197, 42.26068305969238]], [[-70.94805528384194, 42.31344772406312], [-70.95584626047867, 42.31295305887981], [-70.9578249212118, 42.304172751876585], [-70.95423859863297, 42.30367808669324], [-70.94805528384194, 42.31344772406312]], [[-70.9314840002021, 42.304420084468106], [-70.9365543183307, 42.29712377301478], [-70.95411493233718, 42.289580128969746], [-70.93432832500594, 42.283767813066326], [-70.9314840002021, 42.304420084468106]], [[-70.92591901689013, 42.31963103885414], [-70.92703201355249, 42.32160969958721], [-70.92938167317305, 42.321362366995636], [-70.92802134391913, 42.31802337700855], [-70.92591901689013, 42.31963103885414]], [[-70.94000126057017, 42.32460476699976], [-70.93704428329795, 42.32599956759973], [-70.93391992995373, 42.32641800777986], [-70.94094972497822, 42.32758964028396], [-70.94000126057017, 42.32460476699976]], [[-70.92567168429855, 42.3259380199409], [-70.92332202467792, 42.326061686236756], [-70.93024733724388, 42.333605330281834], [-70.93111300131453, 42.32890601104071], [-70.92567168429855, 42.3259380199409]], [[-70.89768301036293, 42.33157877000029], [-70.89946835513102, 42.33021186541219], [-70.89617662571476, 42.33046292952019], [-70.8940565288026, 42.33492629144058], [-70.89768301036293, 42.33157877000029]], [[-70.89037425521833, 42.33827381288074], [-70.88627354145399, 42.33846908496473], [-70.88501822091382, 42.33933386133685], [-70.89185274385437, 42.33835750091681], [-70.89037425521833, 42.33827381288074]], [[-70.89539553737869, 42.33961282145688], [-70.89480972112659, 42.34028232574501], [-70.8951723692827, 42.34404828736524], [-70.89824093060287, 42.34014284568497], [-70.89539553737869, 42.33961282145688]], [[-70.87745840166127, 42.34259769474112], [-70.88047117095755, 42.34220715057305], [-70.88169859548566, 42.34128658217695], [-70.87466880046112, 42.34265348676505], [-70.87745840166127, 42.34259769474112]]], [[[-70.80750274658197, 42.26068305969238], [-70.8076610565185, 42.26054954528803], [-70.80755805969233, 42.260751724243214], [-70.80750274658197, 42.26068305969238]]]]}, \"properties\": {\"extentType\": \"Custom\", \"code\": \"\", \"name\": \"\", \"notes\": \"\", \"promotedForReuse\": false, \"abbreviation\": \"\", \"shortName\": \"\", \"description\": \"\"}, \"bbox\": [-71.05194664001466, 41.93226814270023, -70.15420532226562, 42.4598484039307], \"type\": \"Feature\", \"id\": \"3091979\"}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"521724dee4b043bae8d2e5b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pendleton, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":101312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pendleton","given":"Elizabeth A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baldwin, Wayne E. 0000-0001-5886-0917 wbaldwin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5886-0917","contributorId":1321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldwin","given":"Wayne","email":"wbaldwin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barnhardt, Walter A.","contributorId":80656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhardt","given":"Walter A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ackerman, Seth D. 0000-0003-0945-2794 sackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0945-2794","contributorId":178676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Seth","email":"sackerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":482910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Foster, David S. 0000-0003-1205-0884 dfoster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1205-0884","contributorId":1320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"David","email":"dfoster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Andrews, Brian D.","contributorId":54180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"Brian D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schwab, William C. 0000-0001-9274-5154 bschwab@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9274-5154","contributorId":417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwab","given":"William","email":"bschwab@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70047719,"text":"ofr20131133 - 2013 - Salton Sea ecosystem monitoring and assessment plan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-20T13:02:40","indexId":"ofr20131133","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-20T12:55:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1133","title":"Salton Sea ecosystem monitoring and assessment plan","docAbstract":"The Salton Sea, California’s largest lake, provides essential habitat for several fish and wildlife species and is an important cultural and recreational resource. It has no outlet, and dissolved salts contained in the inflows concentrate in the Salton Sea through evaporation. The salinity of the Salton Sea, which is currently nearly one and a half times the salinity of ocean water, has been increasing as a result of evaporative processes and low freshwater inputs. Further reductions in inflows from water conservation, recycling, and transfers will lower the level of the Salton Sea and accelerate the rate of salinity increases, reduce the suitability of fish and wildlife habitat, and affect air quality by exposing lakebed playa that could generate dust.\n\nLegislation enacted in 2003 to implement the Quantification Settlement Agreement (QSA) stated the Legislature’s intent for the State of California to undertake the restoration of the Salton Sea ecosystem. As required by the legislation, the California Resources Agency (now California Natural Resources Agency) produced the Salton Sea Ecosystem Restoration Study and final Programmatic Environmental Impact Report (PEIR; California Resources Agency, 2007) with the stated purpose to “develop a preferred alternative by exploring alternative ways to restore important ecological functions of the Salton Sea that have existed for about 100 years.” A decision regarding a preferred alternative currently resides with the California State Legislature (Legislature), which has yet to take action.\n\nAs part of efforts to identify an ecosystem restoration program for the Salton Sea, and in anticipation of direction from the Legislature, the California Department of Water Resources (DWR), California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW), U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation), and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) established a team to develop a monitoring and assessment plan (MAP). This plan is the product of that effort.\n\nThe goal of the MAP is to provide a guide for data collection, analysis, management, and reporting to inform management actions for the Salton Sea ecosystem. Monitoring activities are directed at species and habitats that could be affected by or drive future restoration activities. The MAP is not intended to be a prescriptive document. Rather, it is envisioned to be a flexible, program-level guide that articulates high-level goals and objectives, and establishes broad sideboards within which future project-level investigations and studies will be evaluated and authorized. As such, the MAP, by design, does not, for example, include detailed protocols describing how investigations will be implemented. It is anticipated that detailed study proposals will be prepared as part of an implementation plan that will include such things as specific sampling objectives, sampling schemes, and statistical and spatial limits.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131133","collaboration":"Prepared for the California Department of Water Resources, Salton Sea Ecosystem Restoration Program Kent Nelson, Program Manager","usgsCitation":"Case(compiler), H., Boles, J., Delgado, A., Nguyen, T., Osugi, D., Barnum, D.A., Decker, D., Steinberg, S., Steinberg, S., Keene, C., White, K., Lupo, T., Gen, S., and Baerenklau, K.A., 2013, Salton Sea ecosystem monitoring and assessment plan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1133, iv, 220 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131133.","productDescription":"iv, 220 p.","numberOfPages":"241","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":550,"text":"Salton Sea Science Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276810,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131133.jpg"},{"id":276808,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1133/"},{"id":276809,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1133/pdf/ofr20131133.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.28,32.95 ], [ -116.28,33.67 ], [ -115.31,33.67 ], [ -115.31,32.95 ], [ -116.28,32.95 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"521481e1e4b06d85e08fb4c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Case(compiler), H. L. III","contributorId":69461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Case(compiler)","given":"H. L.","suffix":"III","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boles, Jerry","contributorId":102374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boles","given":"Jerry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Delgado, Arturo","contributorId":101176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delgado","given":"Arturo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nguyen, Thang","contributorId":45997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nguyen","given":"Thang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Osugi, Doug","contributorId":66163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osugi","given":"Doug","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Barnum, Douglas A. doug_barnum@usgs.gov","contributorId":3566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnum","given":"Douglas","email":"doug_barnum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":550,"text":"Salton Sea Science Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Decker, Drew ddecker@usgs.gov","contributorId":5513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Decker","given":"Drew","email":"ddecker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Steinberg, Steven","contributorId":71872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steinberg","given":"Steven","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Steinberg, Sheila","contributorId":36449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steinberg","given":"Sheila","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Keene, Charles","contributorId":70279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keene","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"White, Kristina","contributorId":11933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Kristina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Lupo, Tom","contributorId":59338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lupo","given":"Tom","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Gen, Sheldon","contributorId":46406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gen","given":"Sheldon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Baerenklau, Ken A.","contributorId":108020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baerenklau","given":"Ken","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":70047697,"text":"ofr20131190 - 2013 - Knowledge and understanding of dissolved solids in the Rio Grande–San Acacia, New Mexico, to Fort Quitman, Texas, and plan for future studies and monitoring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-19T15:16:39","indexId":"ofr20131190","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-19T15:02:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1190","title":"Knowledge and understanding of dissolved solids in the Rio Grande–San Acacia, New Mexico, to Fort Quitman, Texas, and plan for future studies and monitoring","docAbstract":"Availability of water in the Rio Grande Basin has long been a primary concern for water-resource managers. The transport and delivery of water in the basin have been engineered by using reservoirs, irrigation canals and drains, and transmountain-water diversions to meet the agricultural, residential, and industrial demand. In contrast, despite the widespread recognition of critical water-quality problems, there have been minimal management efforts to improve water quality in the Rio Grande. Of greatest concern is salinization (concentration of dissolved solids approaching 1,000 mg/L), a water-quality problem that has been recognized and researched for more than 100 years because of the potential to limit both agricultural and municipal use. To address the issue of salinization, water-resource managers need to have a clear conceptual understanding of the sources of salinity and the factors that control storage and transport, identify critical knowledge gaps in this conceptual understanding, and develop a research plan to address these gaps and develop a salinity management program. In 2009, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), New Mexico Interstate Stream Commission (NMISC), and New Mexico Environment Department (NMED) initiated a project to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the transport of dissolved solids in the Rio Grande between San Acacia, New Mexico, and Fort Quitman, Texas. The primary objective is to provide hydrologic information pertaining to the spatial and temporal variability present in the concentrations and loads of dissolved solids in the Rio Grande, the source-specific budget for the mass of dissolved solids transported along the Rio Grande, and the locations at which dissolved solids enter the Rio Grande. Dissolved-solids concentration data provide a good indicator of the general quality of surface water and provide information on the factors governing salinization within the Rio Grande study area. The pattern in dissolved-solids concentrations along the Rio Grande is one of increasing concentration with increasing distance downstream from Elephant Butte and Caballo Reservoirs. The concentration of dissolved solids in the Rio Grande doubles (approximately 500 to 1,000 mg/L) from below Elephant Butte Reservoir to El Paso and increases by more than a factor of 5 (approximately 500 to 3,200 mg/L) from below Elephant Butte Reservoir to Fort Quitman. Marked increases in the concentration of dissolved solids commonly coincide with contributions from agricultural drains, wastewater-treatment plants, regional groundwater, and upward-flowing saline groundwater.  The greatest factor, from the surface-water system, in controlling dissolved solids in the Rio Grande is the amount of water that is being transported or stored. Annual variation in streamflow is influenced primarily by climate (precipitation and evaporation) and management of Elephant Butte and Caballo Reservoirs (water storage and release cycles). Seasonal variation in streamflow within the Rio Grande study area is generally categorized generally as irrigation (March–September) and nonirrigation (October–February) seasons; with streamflow in the Rio Grande is highest during the irrigation season and lowest during the nonirrigation season. Dissolved-solids loads during the irrigation season decrease between Leasburg and Fort Quitman primarily because of irrigation diversions and losses to the underlying alluvial aquifer. Conversely, dissolved-solids loads during the nonirrigation season increase between Caballo Dam and Fort Quitman primarily because of the inflow of dissolved solids from agricultural drains, wastewater-treatment plants, and groundwater with elevated concentrations of dissolved solids.  Many studies have mass-balance budgets that account for the mass of dissolved solids transported along the Rio Grande. Results from mass-balance budgets developed for dissolved solids indicated that (1) the inflow of saline groundwater, inflow of regional groundwater, and chemical reactions between mineral phases are the primary sources controlling dissolved solids in the Rio Grande, and (2) groundwater pumping and mineral precipitation are causing a net storage of dissolved solids in the Leasburg to El Paso and El Paso to Fort Quitman reaches of the Rio Grande.  Looking forward, multiple water-resource managers from State and local agencies in New Mexico and Texas and Federal agencies formed the Rio Grande Salinity Management Coalition with the goal to reduce the amount of dissolved solids that are transported and stored in the Rio Grande study area. The recommendations for additional monitoring to assist the coalition are as follows:\n-Monitoring: Couple water-quality and streamflow monitoring in the Rio Grande and agricultural drains; perform groundwater-seepage investigations in the Rio Grande and major agricultural drains; nonitor groundwater water-quality conditions in the Mesilla and Hueco Basins.\n-Focused Hydrogeology Studies at Inflow Sources: Map dissolved-solids concentrations in the Rio Grande and underlying alluvial aquifer; perform hydrogeologic characterization of subsurface areas containing unusually high concentrations of dissolved solids. \n-Modeling of Dissolved Solids: Develop models to simulate the transport and storage of dissolved solids in both surface-water and groundwater systems.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131190","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Mexico Interstate Stream Commission, and New Mexico Environment Department","usgsCitation":"Moyer, D., Anderholm, S.K., Hogan, J., Phillips, F.M., Hibbs, B.J., Witcher, J.C., Matherne, A.M., and Falk, S.E., 2013, Knowledge and understanding of dissolved solids in the Rio Grande–San Acacia, New Mexico, to Fort Quitman, Texas, and plan for future studies and monitoring: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1190, vii, 55 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131190.","productDescription":"vii, 55 p.","numberOfPages":"67","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276776,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1190/"},{"id":276777,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1190/pdf/ofr2013-1190.pdf"},{"id":276779,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131190.gif"}],"country":"Mexico;United States","state":"New Mexico;Texas","otherGeospatial":"Rio Grande Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108,31 ], [ -108,34.15 ], [ -105.15,34.15 ], [ -105.15,31 ], [ -108,31 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52136df9e4b0b08f4461988f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moyer, Douglas 0000-0001-6330-478X dlmoyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6330-478X","contributorId":2670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moyer","given":"Douglas","email":"dlmoyer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":482745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderholm, Scott K.","contributorId":94270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderholm","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hogan, James F.","contributorId":30533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hogan","given":"James F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Phillips, Fred M.","contributorId":57957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Fred","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hibbs, Barry J.","contributorId":55327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hibbs","given":"Barry","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Witcher, James C.","contributorId":99456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witcher","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Matherne, Anne Marie 0000-0002-5873-2226 matherne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5873-2226","contributorId":303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matherne","given":"Anne","email":"matherne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Marie","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Falk, Sarah E. sefalk@usgs.gov","contributorId":1056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Falk","given":"Sarah","email":"sefalk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":482744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70047674,"text":"ofr20131157 - 2013 - Land change in the Central Corn Belt Plains Ecoregion and hydrologic consequences in developed areas: 1939-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-30T13:22:12","indexId":"ofr20131157","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-19T09:51:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1157","title":"Land change in the Central Corn Belt Plains Ecoregion and hydrologic consequences in developed areas: 1939-2000","docAbstract":"This report emphasizes the importance of a multi-disciplinary understanding of how land use and land cover can affect regional hydrology by collaboratively investigating how increases in developed land area may affect stream discharge by evaluating land-cover change from 1939 to 2000, urban housing density data from 1940 to 2010, and changes in annual peak streamflow from water years 1945 to 2009. The results and methods crosscut two mission areas of the U.S. Geological Survey (Climate and Land Use, Water) and can be used to better assess developed land change and hydrologic consequences, which can be used to better assess future management and mitigation strategies.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131157","usgsCitation":"Karstensen, K., Shaver, D., Alexander, R., Over, T., and Soong, D.T., 2013, Land change in the Central Corn Belt Plains Ecoregion and hydrologic consequences in developed areas: 1939-2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1157, vi, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131157.","productDescription":"vi, 21 p.","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1939-01-01","temporalEnd":"2000-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276739,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131157.png"},{"id":276737,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1157/"},{"id":276738,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1157/pdf/ofr2013-1157.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois;Indiana;Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Central Corn Belt Plains Ecoregion","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.0,38.0 ], [ -92.0,43.0 ], [ -86.0,43.0 ], [ -86.0,38.0 ], [ -92.0,38.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52136df9e4b0b08f44619893","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karstensen, Krista","contributorId":97758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karstensen","given":"Krista","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shaver, David","contributorId":24265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaver","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alexander, Randal","contributorId":14285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"Randal","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Over, Thomas","contributorId":31294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Over","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Soong, David T. dsoong@usgs.gov","contributorId":2230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soong","given":"David","email":"dsoong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":482689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70047647,"text":"ofr20131229 - 2013 - Review of a model to assess stranding of juvenile salmon by ship wakes along the Lower Columbia River, Oregon and Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-16T11:13:18","indexId":"ofr20131229","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-16T11:05:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1229","title":"Review of a model to assess stranding of juvenile salmon by ship wakes along the Lower Columbia River, Oregon and Washington","docAbstract":"Long period wake waves from deep draft vessels have been shown to strand small fish, particularly juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tschawytcha, in the lower Columbia River (LCR). The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is responsible for maintaining the shipping channel in the LCR and recently conducted dredging operations to deepen the shipping channel from an authorized depth of 40 feet(ft) to an authorized depth of 43 ft (in areas where rapid shoaling was expected, dredging operations were used to increase the channel depth to 48 ft). A model was developed to estimate stranding probabilities for juvenile salmon under the 40- and 43-ft channel scenarios, to determine if channel deepening was going to affect wake stranding (Assessment of potential stranding of juvenile salmon by ship wakes along the Lower Columbia River under scenarios of ship traffic and channel depth: Report prepared for the Portland District U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Portland, Oregon). The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers funded the U.S. Geological Survey to review this model. A total of 30 review questions were provided to guide the review process, and these questions are addressed in this report. In general, we determined that the analyses by Pearson (2011) were appropriate given the data available. We did identify two areas where additional information could have been provided: (1) a more thorough description of model diagnostics and model selection would have been useful for the reader to better understand the model framework; and (2) model uncertainty should have been explicitly described and reported in the document. Stranding probability estimates between the 40- and 43-ft channel depths were minimally different under most of the scenarios that were examined by Pearson (2011), and a discussion of the effects of uncertainty given these minimal differences would have been useful. Ultimately, however, a stochastic (or simulation) model would provide the best opportunity to illustrate uncertainty within a given set of model predictions, but such an approach would require a substantial amount of additional data collection. Several review questions focused on the accuracy and precision of the model estimates, but we were unable to address these questions because of the limited data that currently exists regarding wake stranding in the LCR. Additional field studies will be required to validate findings from Pearson (2011), if concerns regarding accuracy and precision remain a priority. Although the Pearson (2011) model provided a useful examination of stranding under pre-construction and post-construction conditions, future research will be required to better understand the effects of wake stranding on juvenile salmonids throughout the entire LCR. If additional information on wake stranding is desired in the future, the following topics may be of interest: (1) spatial examination of wake stranding throughout the entire LCR; (2) additional evaluation of juvenile salmonid behavior and population dynamics; (3) assessing and integrating predicted changes in ship development; and (4) assessing and integrating predicted changes in climate on environmental factors known to cause stranding.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131229","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Kock, T.J., Plumb, J.M., and Adams, N.S., 2013, Review of a model to assess stranding of juvenile salmon by ship wakes along the Lower Columbia River, Oregon and Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1229, iv, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131229.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p.","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276680,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131229.jpg"},{"id":276678,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1229/"},{"id":276679,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1229/pdf/ofr20131229.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon;Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.1739,45.5391 ], [ -124.1739,48.9995 ], [ -117.6306,48.9995 ], [ -117.6306,45.5391 ], [ -124.1739,45.5391 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"520f3bece4b0fc50304bc494","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kock, Tobias J. 0000-0001-8976-0230 tkock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8976-0230","contributorId":3038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kock","given":"Tobias","email":"tkock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plumb, John M. 0000-0003-4255-1612 jplumb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4255-1612","contributorId":3569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumb","given":"John","email":"jplumb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, Noah S. 0000-0002-8354-0293 nadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8354-0293","contributorId":3521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Noah","email":"nadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}