Following dam installations in the remote Rainy Lake Basin during the early 1900s, water-level fluctuations were considered extreme (1914–1949) compared to more natural conditions. In 1949, the International Joint Commission (IJC), which sets rules governing dam operation on waters shared by the United States and Canada, established the first rule curves to regulate water levels on these waterbodies. However, rule curves established prior to 2000 were determined to be detrimental to the ecosystem. Therefore, the IJC implemented an order in 2000 to change rule curves and to restore a more natural water regime. After 2000, measured chlorophyll-a concentrations in the two most eutrophic water bodies decreased whereas concentrations in oligotrophic lakes did not show significant water-quality differences. Fish mercury data were inconclusive, due to the variation in water levels and fish mercury concentrations, but can be used by the IJC as part of a long term data set.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018","conferenceDate":"June 3-7, 2018","conferenceLocation":"Minneapolis, MN","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","doi":"10.1061/9780784481394.017","usgsCitation":"Christensen, V.G., Maki, R., and LeDuc, J.F., 2018, Voyageurs National Park: Water-level regulation and effects on water quality and aquatic biology, in World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018, Minneapolis, MN, June 3-7, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784481394.017.","ipdsId":"IP-093049","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355183,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Voyageurs","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-05-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e56de4b060350a15d141","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christensen, Victoria G. 0000-0003-4166-7461 vglenn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4166-7461","contributorId":2354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"Victoria","email":"vglenn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":738323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maki, Ryan P.","contributorId":100111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maki","given":"Ryan P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":738324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"LeDuc, Jaime F.","contributorId":190132,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LeDuc","given":"Jaime","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":738325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70197732,"text":"70197732 - 2018 - A history of trade routes and water-level regulation on waterways in Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-19T17:00:09","indexId":"70197732","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A history of trade routes and water-level regulation on waterways in Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota, USA","docAbstract":"Unlike most national parks, main access to Voyageurs National Park is by boat. This remote system of interconnected waterways along the USA-Canada border was an important transportation route for thousands of years of American Indian occupation, leading up to and including the trade route of the voyageurs, or French-Canadian fur traders from around 1680 to 1870. The Ojibwe people collaborated with the voyageurs and the two cultures developed a trade network that continued to rely on these waterways. By the mid-1800s, European fashion changed, and the fur trade dwindled while the Ojibwe remained tied to the land and waters. The complexity of the waterways increased with the installation of dams on two of the natural lakes in the early 1900s. Modern water levels have affected—and in some cases destabilized—vulnerable landforms within the past century. The knowledge of these effects can be used by resource managers to weigh the consequences of hydrologic manipulation in Voyageurs National Park.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018","conferenceDate":"June 3-7, 2018","conferenceLocation":"Minneapolis, MN","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/9780784481394.014","usgsCitation":"Christensen, V.G., and LaBounty, A.E., 2018, A history of trade routes and water-level regulation on waterways in Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota, USA, in World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018, Minneapolis, MN, June 3-7, 2018, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784481394.014.","productDescription":"12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-092923","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355182,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Voyageurs National Park","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-05-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e56de4b060350a15d143","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christensen, Victoria G. 0000-0003-4166-7461 vglenn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4166-7461","contributorId":2354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"Victoria","email":"vglenn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":738319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LaBounty, Andrew E.","contributorId":205738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LaBounty","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":738320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70198019,"text":"70198019 - 2018 - GIS-based method for estimating surficial groundwater levels in coastal Virginia using limited information","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-16T11:09:37","indexId":"70198019","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2362,"text":"Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"GIS-based method for estimating surficial groundwater levels in coastal Virginia using limited information","docAbstract":"In many coastal areas, high water tables are present, complicating installation of some stormwater best management practices (BMPs) that rely on infiltration. Regional estimates of the seasonal high water table (SHWT) often rely on sources such as soil surveys taken over a decade ago; these data are static and do not account for groundwater withdrawals or other anthropogenic impacts. To improve estimates of the SHWT, we developed a GIS-based methodology relying on surface water elevations. Data sources included a 1.5-m (5.0 ft) resolution Lidar-derived digital elevation model (DEM), aerial imagery, and publicly available shapefiles of water boundaries. Twenty-six groundwater monitoring wells were screened to eliminate well locations influenced by pumping, yielding 22 wells. In coastal Virginia, tidal water bodies and ditches form terminal boundaries for discharge from the water-table aquifers and permit water table elevations to be fixed at the landward boundaries of surface water bodies. Water table elevations interpolated from well data and boundary elevations were used to create a triangulated irregular network representing the water table elevations for November 2012, which was the date of the DEM. An adjustment factor, calculated from the highest recorded April water table depth from long-term groundwater monitoring data, was added to estimate the SHWT elevation. SHWT elevations were subtracted from the DEM to yield SHWT depth, which was compared with long-term monitoring well data, yielding an R2 value of 0.91. Residual errors were random, although the method underpredicted the highest expected SHWT and overpredicted the median SHWT. The SHWT depth map was validated by using water table depths from 57 soil borings at 10 different sites, and consistently matched observations better than available soil survey estimates. The SHWT depth map could be useful for BMP siting and feasibility studies in similar hydrogeological settings.
","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0001313","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R., Sample, D., and McCoy, K.J., 2018, GIS-based method for estimating surficial groundwater levels in coastal Virginia using limited information: Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, v. 144, no. 7, p. 1-14, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0001313.","productDescription":"Article 05018004; 14 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","ipdsId":"IP-075767","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":642,"text":"West Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468670,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ir.1943-4774.0001313","text":"External Repository"},{"id":355518,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","volume":"144","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e56de4b060350a15d13f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, R.D.","contributorId":62360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":739631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sample, David J.","contributorId":204837,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sample","given":"David J.","affiliations":[{"id":36990,"text":"Virginia Tech Biological Systems Engineering Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":739630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCoy, Kurt J. 0000-0002-9756-8238 kjmccoy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9756-8238","contributorId":1391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCoy","given":"Kurt","email":"kjmccoy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70221334,"text":"70221334 - 2018 - Ground-nesting great horned owl in Suisun Marsh, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-10T12:28:18.88242","indexId":"70221334","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-10T07:24:53","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1153,"text":"California Fish and Game","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground-nesting great horned owl in Suisun Marsh, California","docAbstract":"Great horned owls (Bubo virginianus) are widespread throughout North, Central, and parts of South America (Artuso et al. 2013). Across this range, great horned owls are generalists, occupying a diverse range of habitats including deciduous and coniferous forests, wetlands, and agricultural landscapes. Within these habitats, great horned owls are generally found near upland or short-vegetation habitat suitable for locating prey (Artuso et al. 2013). In Suisun Marsh, California, great horned owls primarily occupy stands of non-native eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.), as well as man-made structures like waterfowl-nesting platforms (Figure 1) and on dock pilings over water (Figure 2), and they forage in nearby upland fields and seasonally flooded, diked wetlands managed primarily for waterfowl (USGS unpublished data).","language":"English","publisher":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","usgsCitation":"Skalos, S., Falcon, M.J., Wang, O., Mott, A.L., Hunt, M., Rocha, O., Ackerman, J.T., Casazza, M.L., and Hull, J.M., 2018, Ground-nesting great horned owl in Suisun Marsh, California: California Fish and Game, v. 104, no. 4, p. 164-172.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"164","endPage":"172","ipdsId":"IP-101149","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386387,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":386385,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=164330&inline"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Suisun Marsh","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.59643554687499,\n 38.043765107439675\n ],\n [\n -121.9976806640625,\n 38.043765107439675\n ],\n [\n -121.9976806640625,\n 38.37826858136171\n ],\n [\n -122.59643554687499,\n 38.37826858136171\n ],\n [\n -122.59643554687499,\n 38.043765107439675\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"104","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skalos, Shannon 0000-0003-1229-8580 sskalos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1229-8580","contributorId":167191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skalos","given":"Shannon","email":"sskalos@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":817352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Falcon, Matthew J.","contributorId":260146,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Falcon","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":39913,"text":"former WERC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":817353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wang, Olivia","contributorId":260147,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Olivia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52524,"text":"University of California, Davis, Department of Animal Science, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA (SS, OW, JH)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":817354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mott, Andrea Lynn 0000-0001-9586-9590","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9586-9590","contributorId":260149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mott","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"Lynn","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":817355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hunt, Melissa","contributorId":260150,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hunt","given":"Melissa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39913,"text":"former WERC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":817356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rocha, Orlando","contributorId":260151,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rocha","given":"Orlando","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52526,"text":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Grizzly Island Wildlife Area, 2548 Grizzly Island Road, Suisun City, CA 94585, USA (OR)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":817357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":202848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":817358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":817359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hull, Joshua M.","contributorId":127686,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hull","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70197048,"text":"ofr20181057 - 2018 - Preliminary geologic framework developed for a proposed environmental monitoring study of a deep, unconventional Marcellus Shale drill site, Washington County, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-11T11:47:49","indexId":"ofr20181057","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-08T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-1057","title":"Preliminary geologic framework developed for a proposed environmental monitoring study of a deep, unconventional Marcellus Shale drill site, Washington County, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"In the fall of 2011, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) was afforded an opportunity to participate in an environmental monitoring study of the potential impacts of a deep, unconventional Marcellus Shale hydraulic fracturing site. The drill site of the prospective case study is the “Range Resources MCC Partners L.P. Units 1-5H” location (also referred to as the “RR–MCC” drill site), located in Washington County, southwestern Pennsylvania. Specifically, the USGS was approached to provide a geologic framework that would (1) provide geologic parameters for the proposed area of a localized groundwater circulation model, and (2) provide potential information for the siting of both shallow and deep groundwater monitoring wells located near the drill pad and the deviated drill legs.
The lead organization of the prospective case study of the RR–MCC drill site was the Groundwater and Ecosystems Restoration Division (GWERD) of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Aside from the USGS, additional partners/participants were to include the Department of Energy, the Pennsylvania Geological Survey, the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, and the developer Range Resources LLC. During the initial cooperative phase, GWERD, with input from the participating agencies, drafted a Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) that proposed much of the objectives, tasks, sampling and analytical procedures, and documentation of results.
Later in 2012, the proposed cooperative agreement between the aforementioned partners and the associated land owners for a monitoring program at the drill site was not executed. Therefore, the prospective case study of the RR–MCC site was terminated and no installation of groundwater monitoring wells nor the collection of nearby soil, stream sediment, and surface-water samples were made.
Prior to the completion of the QAPP and termination of the perspective case study the geologic framework was rapidly conducted and nearly completed. This was done for three principal reasons. First, there was an immediate need to know the distribution of the relatively undisturbed surface to near-surface bedrock geology and unconsolidated materials for the collection of baseline surface data prior to drill site development (drill pad access road, drill pad leveling) and later during monitoring associated with well drilling, well development, and well production. Second, it was necessary to know the bedrock geology to support the siting of: (1) multiple shallow groundwater monitoring wells (possibly as many as four) surrounding and located immediately adjacent to the drill pad, and (2) deep groundwater monitoring wells (possibly two) located at distance from the drill pad with one possibly being sited along one of the deviated production drill legs. Lastly, the framework geology would provide the lateral extent, thickness, lithology, and expected discontinuities of geologic units (to be parsed or grouped as hydrostratigraphic units) and regional structure trends as inputs into the groundwater model.
This report provides the methodology of geologic data accumulation and aggregation, and its integration into a geographic information system (GIS) based program. The GIS program will allow multiple data to be exported in various formats (shapefiles [.shp], database files [.dbf], and Keyhole Markup Language files [.KML]) for use in surface and subsurface geologic site characterization, for sampling strategies, and for inputs for groundwater modeling.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181057","usgsCitation":"Stamm, R.G., 2018, Preliminary geologic framework developed for a proposed environmental monitoring study of a deep, unconventional Marcellus Shale drill site, Washington County, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1057, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181057.","productDescription":"vi, 49 p.","numberOfPages":"59","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069591","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354769,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1057/ofr20181057.pdf","text":"Report","size":"129 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1057"},{"id":354768,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1057/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Washington County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.4833,\n 40.3\n ],\n [\n -80.3833,\n 40.3\n ],\n [\n -80.3833,\n 40.3833\n ],\n [\n -80.4833,\n 40.3833\n ],\n [\n -80.4833,\n 40.3\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
926A National Center
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
Director, Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, Mail Stop 980
Denver, CO 80225
http://gec.cr.usgs.gov/
A review is given of the present feasibility for accurately mapping geoelectric fields across North America in near-realtime by modeling geomagnetic monitoring and magnetotelluric survey data. Should this capability be successfully developed, it could inform utility companies of magnetic-storm interference on electric-power-grid systems. That real-time mapping of geoelectric fields is a challenge is reflective of (1) the spatiotemporal complexity of geomagnetic variation, especially during magnetic storms, (2) the sparse distribution of ground-based geomagnetic monitoring stations that report data in realtime, (3) the spatial complexity of three-dimensional solid-Earth impedance, and (4) the geographically incomplete state of continental-scale magnetotelluric surveys.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181043","usgsCitation":"Love, J.J., Rigler, E.J., Kelbert, Anna, Finn, C.A., Bedrosian, P.A., and Balch, C.C., 2018, On the feasibility of real-time mapping of the geoelectric field across North America: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018-1043, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181043.","productDescription":"v, 16 p.","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-093233","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354843,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1043/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":354844,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1043/ofr20181043.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.45 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1043"}],"contact":"Director, Geologic Hazards Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, Mail Stop 966
Denver, CO 80225
The oil-prone maceral bituminite (and its equivalents: ‘amorphous organic matter’, ‘sapropelinite’, ‘amorphinite’, etc.) converts to petroleum during thermal maturation of source rocks, resulting in formation of a mobile saturate-rich hydrocarbon and a polar-rich residue of solid bitumen. Evidence of this transition is preserved in immature to early mature source rocks (e.g., Alum, Bakken, Kimmeridge, New Albany, Ohio shales, among many others), where organic petrography reveals a continuum of textures, reflectance, and fluorescence intensity occurring between bituminite and solid bitumen. Bituminite generally is characterized by high(er) intensity fluorescence, low contrast to the inorganic matrix, lower reflectance (compared to solid bitumen), and heterogeneous wispy or ‘schlieren’ textures. In comparison, solid bitumen generally shows lower intensity or no fluorescence compared to bituminite, a distinct contrast to the mineral matrix which usually includes a gray homogeneous surface of low to moderate reflectance, and may possess void-filling, embayment or groundmass textures suggesting evidence of migration or its in situ exsolution. However, these properties may manifest across a continuous spectrum in a sample or in a single microscope field, often making identification inconclusive. Unambiguous identification is further hampered by sample preparation, e.g., mechanical polish may improve homogeneity of larger accumulations, whereas smaller accumulations, or those sheltered by hard minerals, may appear more heterogeneous, leading to identification of the same organic matter as solid bitumen or bituminite, respectively. The disruptive innovation of ion milling in shale sample preparation leads to increased organic reflectance and surface homogeneity, causing bituminite and other oil-prone macerals, e.g., alginite, to develop a gray reflecting surface which is easy to confuse with solid bitumen, especially when obvious void-filling or embayment textures of the latter are absent. Herein we review distinction of solid bitumen from bituminite and alginite in immature to early mature source rocks, providing examples from nine samples illustrated by typical organic petrography images, including samples from hydrous pyrolysis experiments. Based on a review of the literature, we observe an arbitrary reflectance limit of 0.30% in mechanically polished samples seems to differentiate bituminite (<0.30%) from confident identifications of homogeneous solid bitumen (which otherwise lacks obvious void-filling or identifying embayment textures) as individual macerals on a continuous spectrum in immature and early mature source rocks. Future work conducted by governing bodies such as the International Committee for Coal and Organic Petrology (ICCP) should consider interlaboratory studies conducted on multiple immature source rock samples to develop consensus guidelines for bituminite and solid bitumen discrimination.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2018.06.004","usgsCitation":"Hackley, P.C., Valentine, B.J., and Hatcherian, J.J., 2018, On the petrographic distinction of bituminite from solid bitumen in immature to early mature source rocks: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 196, p. 232-245, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2018.06.004.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"232","endPage":"245","ipdsId":"IP-097216","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468672,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2018.06.004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":384588,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"196","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":812680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Valentine, Brett J. 0000-0002-8678-2431 bvalentine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8678-2431","contributorId":3846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine","given":"Brett","email":"bvalentine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":812681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hatcherian, Javin J. 0000-0001-9151-6798 jhatcherian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9151-6798","contributorId":195770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatcherian","given":"Javin","email":"jhatcherian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":812682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70197122,"text":"70197122 - 2018 - Against the current— The Mojave River from sink to source: The 2018 Desert Symposium field trip road log","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-11T12:44:48","indexId":"70197122","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Against the current— The Mojave River from sink to source: The 2018 Desert Symposium field trip road log","docAbstract":"The Mojave River evolved over the past few million years by “fill and spill” from upper basins near its source in the Transverse Ranges to lower basins. Each newly “spilled into” basin in the series? sustained a long-lived lake but gradually filled with Mojave River sediment, leading to spill to a yet lower elevation? basin. The Mojave River currently terminates at Silver Lake, near Baker, CA, but previously overflowed this terminus onward to Lake Manly in Death Valley during the last glacial cycle. The river’s origin and evolution are intricately interwoven with tectonic, climatic, and geomorphic processes through time, beginning with San Andreas fault interactions that created a mountain range across a former externally draining river. We will see and discuss the Mojave River’s predecessor streams and basins, its evolution as it lengthened to reach the central Mojave Desert, local and regional tectonic controls, groundwater flow, flood history, and support of isolated perennial stream reaches that host endemic species. In association with these subjects are supporting studies such as paleoclimate records, location and timing for groundwater and wetlands in the central Mojave Desert, and effects of modern water usage. The trip introduces new findings for the groundwater basin of Hinkley Valley, including an ongoing remediation project that provides a wealth of information on past and present river flow and associated development of the groundwater system.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Against the Current: The Mojave River from Sink to Source; 2018 Desert Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Against the Current: The Mojave River from Sink to Source","conferenceDate":"April 20-23, 2018","conferenceLocation":"Zzyzx, CA","language":"English","publisher":"Desert Symposium Inc.","usgsCitation":"Miller, D., Reynolds, R., Groover, K.D., Buesch, D.C., Brown, H.J., Cromwell, G., Densmore, J.N., Garcia, A., Hughson, D., Knott, J., and Lovich, J.E., 2018, Against the current— The Mojave River from sink to source: The 2018 Desert Symposium field trip road log, in Against the Current: The Mojave River from Sink to Source; 2018 Desert Symposium, Zzyzx, CA, April 20-23, 2018, p. 7-34.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"7","endPage":"34","ipdsId":"IP-096223","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354863,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":364596,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.desertsymposium.org/2018%20DS%20Against%20the%20Current.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.257080078125,\n 34.1890858311724\n ],\n [\n -115.037841796875,\n 34.1890858311724\n ],\n [\n -115.037841796875,\n 35.55457449014312\n ],\n [\n -117.257080078125,\n 35.55457449014312\n ],\n [\n -117.257080078125,\n 34.1890858311724\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e56ee4b060350a15d14f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, David M. 0000-0003-3711-0441 dmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":140769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"David M.","email":"dmiller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reynolds, R.E.","contributorId":205013,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reynolds","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36206,"text":"Retired","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Groover, Krishangi D. 0000-0002-5805-8913 kgroover@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-8913","contributorId":5626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Groover","given":"Krishangi","email":"kgroover@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":735745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buesch, David C. 0000-0002-4978-5027 dbuesch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4978-5027","contributorId":1154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buesch","given":"David","email":"dbuesch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brown, H. J.","contributorId":205014,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36206,"text":"Retired","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cromwell, Geoffrey 0000-0001-8481-405X gcromwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-405X","contributorId":5920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cromwell","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gcromwell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Densmore, Jill N. 0000-0002-5345-6613 jidensmo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5345-6613","contributorId":197491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Densmore","given":"Jill","email":"jidensmo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Garcia, A.L.","contributorId":205015,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garcia","given":"A.L.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37020,"text":"Mojave Water Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hughson, D.","contributorId":205016,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hughson","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37021,"text":"Mojave National Preserve","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Knott, J.R.","contributorId":205017,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knott","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37022,"text":"CSU Fullerton","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Lovich, Jeffrey E. 0000-0002-7789-2831 jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7789-2831","contributorId":458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovich","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70198054,"text":"70198054 - 2018 - Flooding alters plant-mediated carbon cycling independently of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-23T12:53:44","indexId":"70198054","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2320,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Flooding alters plant-mediated carbon cycling independently of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations","title":"Flooding alters plant-mediated carbon cycling independently of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations","docAbstract":"Plant‐mediated processes determine carbon (C) cycling and storage in many ecosystems; how plant‐associated processes may be altered by climate‐induced changes in environmental drivers is therefore an essential question for understanding global C cycling. In this study, we hypothesize that environmental alterations associated with near‐term climate change can exert strong control on plant‐associated ecosystem C cycling and that investigations along an extended hydrologic gradient may give mechanistic insight into C cycling. We utilize a mesocosm approach to investigate the response of plant, soil, and gaseous C cycling to changing hydrologic regimes and elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations expected by 2100 in a coastal salt marsh in Louisiana, USA. Although elevated CO2 had no significant effects on C cycling, we demonstrate that greater average flooding depth stimulated C exchange, with higher rates of labile C decomposition, plant CO2 assimilation, and soil C respiration. Greater average flooding depth also significantly decreased the soil C pool and marginally increased the aboveground biomass C pool, leading to net losses in total C stocks. Further, flooding depths along an extended hydrologic gradient garnered insight into decomposition mechanisms that was not apparent from other data. In C‐4 dominated salt marshes, sea‐level rise will likely overwhelm effects of elevated CO2 with climate change. Deeper flooding associated with sea‐level rise may decrease long‐term soil C pools and quicken C exchange between soil and atmosphere, thereby threatening net C storage in salt marsh habitats. Manipulative studies will be indispensable for understanding biogeochemical cycling under future conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2017JG004369","usgsCitation":"Jones, S., Stagg, C.L., Hester, M.W., and Krauss, K.W., 2018, Flooding alters plant-mediated carbon cycling independently of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations: Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, v. 123, no. 6, p. 1976-1987, https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JG004369.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1976","endPage":"1987","ipdsId":"IP-091480","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460897,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2017jg004369","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437869,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7NK3D7M","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Salt marsh carbon dynamics under altered hydrologic regimes and elevated CO2 conditions, Louisiana, USA (2014-2015)"},{"id":355626,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"123","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-06-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e56ee4b060350a15d14d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Scott F. 0000-0002-1056-3785","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-3785","contributorId":204137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Scott F.","affiliations":[{"id":36864,"text":"University of Louisiana Lafayette","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":739900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stagg, Camille L. 0000-0002-1125-7253 staggc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1125-7253","contributorId":4111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stagg","given":"Camille","email":"staggc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Krauss, Ken W. 0000-0003-2195-0729 kraussk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":2017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","email":"kraussk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hester, Mark W.","contributorId":195572,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hester","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":34316,"text":"University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":739797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70197187,"text":"sir20185069 - 2018 - Bend-scale geomorphic classification and assessment of the Lower Missouri River from Sioux City, Iowa, to the Mississippi River for application to pallid sturgeon management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-13T15:41:02","indexId":"sir20185069","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-07T15:10:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-5069","title":"Bend-scale geomorphic classification and assessment of the Lower Missouri River from Sioux City, Iowa, to the Mississippi River for application to pallid sturgeon management","docAbstract":"Management actions intended to increase growth and survival of pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) age-0 larvae on the Lower Missouri River require a comprehensive understanding of the geomorphic habitat template of the river. The study described here had two objectives relating to where channel-reconfiguration projects should be located to optimize effectiveness. The first objective was to develop a bend-scale (that is, at the scale of individual bends, defined as “cross-over to cross-over”) geomorphic classification of the Lower Missouri River to help in the design of monitoring and evaluation of such projects. The second objective was to explore whether geomorphic variables could provide insight into varying capacities of bends to intercept drifting larvae. The bend-scale classification was based on geomorphic and engineering variables for 257 bends from Sioux City, Iowa, to the confluence with the Mississippi River near St. Louis, Missouri. We used k-means clustering to identify groupings of bends that shared the same characteristics. Separate 3-, 4-, and 6-cluster classifications were developed and mapped. The three classifications are nested in a hierarchical structure. We also explored capacities of bends to intercept larvae through evaluation of linear models that predicted persistent sand area or catch per unit effort (CPUE) of age-0 sturgeon as a function of the same geomorphic variables used in the classification. All highly ranked models that predict persistent sand area contained mean channel width and standard deviation of channel width as significant variables. Some top-ranked models also included contributions of channel sinuosity and density of navigation structures. The sand-area prediction models have r-squared values of 0.648–0.674. In contrast, the highest-ranking CPUE models have r-squared values of 0.011–0.170, indicating much more uncertainty for the biological response variable. Whereas the persistent sand model documents that physical processes of transport and accumulation are systematic and predictable, the poor performance of the CPUE models indicate that additional processes will need to be considered to predict biological transport and accumulation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20185069","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Missouri River Recovery Program","usgsCitation":"Jacobson, R.B., Colvin, M., Bulliner, E.A., Pickard, D., and Elliott, C.M., 2018, Bend-scale geomorphic classification and assessment of the Lower Missouri River from Sioux City, Iowa, to the Mississippi River for application to pallid sturgeon management: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018–5069, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185069.","productDescription":"Report: v, 35 p.; Data release","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-092292","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354774,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5069/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":354775,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5069/sir20185069.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.48 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2018-5069"},{"id":354776,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7FF3R9D","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Missouri River bend classification data sets"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Missouri","city":"Sioux City","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River, Missouri River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.4491567118774,\n 38.50189470857183\n ],\n [\n -89.94978522543485,\n 38.50189470857183\n ],\n [\n -89.94978522543485,\n 42.54769669366206\n ],\n [\n -96.4491567118774,\n 42.54769669366206\n ],\n [\n -96.4491567118774,\n 38.50189470857183\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Columbia Environmental Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4200 New Haven Road
Columbia, MO 65201
(573) 875–5399
As questions regarding the influence of increasing urbanization on water quality in the Edwards aquifer are raised, a better understanding of the sources, fate, and transport of compounds of concern in the aquifer—in particular, nutrients and pesticides—is needed to improve water management decision-making capabilities. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System, performed a study from 2010 to 2016 to better understand how water quality changes under a range of hydrologic conditions and in contrasting land-cover settings (rural and urban) in the Edwards aquifer. The study design included continuous hydrologic monitoring, continuous water-quality monitoring, and discrete sample collection for a detailed characterization of water quality at a network of sites throughout the aquifer system. The sites were selected to encompass a “source-to-sink” (that is, from aquifer recharge to aquifer discharge) approach. Network sites were selected to characterize rainfall, recharging surface water, and groundwater; groundwater sites included wells in the unconfined part of the aquifer (unconfined wells) and in the confined part of the aquifer (confined wells) and a major discharging spring. Storm-related samples—including rainfall samples, stormwater-runoff (surface-water) samples, and groundwater samples—were collected to characterize the aquifer response to recharge.
Elevated nitrate concentrations relative to national background values and the widespread detection of pesticides indicate that the Edwards aquifer is vulnerable to contamination and that vulnerability is affected by factors such as land cover, aquifer hydrogeology, and changes in hydrologic conditions. Greater vulnerability of groundwater in urban areas relative to rural areas was evident from results for urban groundwater sites, which generally had higher nitrate concentrations, elevated δ15N-nitrate values, a greater diversity of pesticides, and higher pesticide concentrations. The continuum of water quality from unconfined rural groundwater sites (least affected by anthropogenic contamination) to unconfined urban groundwater sites (most affected by anthropogenic contamination) demonstrates enhanced vulnerability of urban versus rural land cover. Differences in contaminant occurrences and concentration among unconfined urban wells indicate that the urban parts of the aquifer are not uniformly vulnerable, but rather are affected by spatial differences in the sources of nutrients and pesticides. In urban areas, the shallow, unconfined groundwater sites showed greater temporal variability in both nutrient and pesticide concentrations, as well as a greater degree of contamination, than did deeper, confined groundwater sites. In comparison to that of the shallow, unconfined groundwater sites, the water quality of the deeper, confined groundwater sites was relatively invariant during this multiyear study. Although aquifer hydrogeology is an important factor related to aquifer vulnerability, land cover likely has a greater influence on pesticide contamination of groundwater. Temporal variability in hydrologic conditions for the Edwards aquifer is apparent in data for surface water as a source of groundwater recharge, water-level altitude in wells, spring discharge, and groundwater quality. This temporal variability affects recharge sources, recharge amounts, groundwater traveltimes, flow routing, water-rock interaction processes, dilution, mixing, and, in turn, water quality. Relations of land cover, aquifer hydrogeology, and changing hydrologic conditions to water quality are complex but provide insight into the vulnerability of Edwards aquifer groundwater—a vital drinking-water resource.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20185060","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System","usgsCitation":"Opsahl, S.P., Musgrove, M., Mahler, B.J., and Lambert, R.B., 2018, Water-quality observations of the San Antonio segment of the Edwards aquifer, Texas, with an emphasis on processes influencing nutrient and pesticide geochemistry and factors affecting aquifer vulnerability, 2010–16: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018–5060, 67 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185060.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 67 p.; Data release","numberOfPages":"79","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-093387","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science 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Texas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1505 Ferguson Lane
Austin, TX 78754
We present the details of a multi-institutional effort to develop an open-access shear-wave velocity (VS) profile database (PDB), which will include a public repository for VS profile data in the United States. VS profiles are an essential resource for ground motion modeling and other applications. The minimum requirements for a site to be included in the database are in situ geophysical VS measurements and location metadata (geodetic coordinates and elevation). Other information is included as available, including geotechnical logs, penetration resistance, laboratory test data, ground water elevation, and P-wave velocity profiles. The project is currently at the stage of data collection (over 4500 VS profiles) and prototype data model development. The database will be presented as an online map-based interface with downloadable VS profile and metadata information. This paper serves as a progress report to the geotechnical and earthquake engineering communities, as we seek community engagement and support.
","conferenceTitle":"Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics V","conferenceDate":"June 10–13, 2018","conferenceLocation":"Austin, TX","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/9780784481462.032","usgsCitation":"Ahdi, S., Sadiq, S., Ilhan, O., Bozorgnia, Y., Hashash, Y.M., Kwak, D., Park, D., Yong, A., and Stewart, J.P., 2018, Development of a United States community shear wave velocity profile database, Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics V, Austin, TX, June 10–13, 2018, p. 330-339, https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784481462.032.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"330","endPage":"339","ipdsId":"IP-091755","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":481976,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-06-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ahdi, Sean K.","contributorId":350843,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ahdi","given":"Sean K.","affiliations":[{"id":83846,"text":"Dept. Civil & Env. Eng., UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; email: sahdi@ucla.edu","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":927103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sadiq, Shamsher","contributorId":350844,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sadiq","given":"Shamsher","affiliations":[{"id":83848,"text":"Dept. Civil & Env. Eng., Hanyang Univ.; email: shamshersadi@hanyang.ac.kr","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":927104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ilhan, Okan","contributorId":294751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ilhan","given":"Okan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":63637,"text":"Ankara Bildirim Beyazıt University, Turkey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":927105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bozorgnia, Yousef","contributorId":40101,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bozorgnia","given":"Yousef","affiliations":[{"id":6643,"text":"University of California - Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":927106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hashash, Youssef M. A.","contributorId":294752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hashash","given":"Youssef","email":"","middleInitial":"M. A.","affiliations":[{"id":27130,"text":"UIUC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":927107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kwak, Dong Youp","contributorId":350845,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kwak","given":"Dong Youp","affiliations":[{"id":83850,"text":"RMS, Inc., Newark, CA; email: Dongyoup.Kwak@rms.com","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":927108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Park, Duhee","contributorId":350846,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Park","given":"Duhee","affiliations":[{"id":83851,"text":"Dept. Civil & Env. Eng., Hanyang Univ.; email: dpark@hanyang.ac.kr","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":927109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Yong, Alan 0000-0003-1807-5847","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1807-5847","contributorId":204730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yong","given":"Alan","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Stewart, Jonathan P.","contributorId":100110,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":7081,"text":"University of California - Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":927111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70237325,"text":"70237325 - 2018 - Ongoing bedrock incision of the Fortymile River driven by Pliocene–Pleistocene Yukon River capture, eastern Alaska, USA, and Yukon, Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-07T11:50:15.326428","indexId":"70237325","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-07T06:44:31","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ongoing bedrock incision of the Fortymile River driven by Pliocene–Pleistocene Yukon River capture, eastern Alaska, USA, and Yukon, Canada","docAbstract":"Quantification of river incision via process rate laws represents a key goal of geomorphic research, but such models often fail to reproduce traits of natural rivers responding to base-level lowering. The Fortymile River flows from eastern Alaska in the United States to the Yukon River in Canada across a tectonically quiescent region with near-uniform precipitation and bedrock erosivity. We exploit these stable boundary conditions to quantify bedrock incision evident in a gravel-capped strath terrace that flanks the lower ∼175 km of the river and grades to the minimally incised headwaters. The terrace gravel yields a cosmogenic isochron burial age of 2.44 ± 0.24 Ma, consistent with abandonment triggered by late Pliocene–early Pleistocene Yukon River headwater capture. The deeply incised reach forms a linear knickzone where basin relief nearly doubles and inferred bedrock incision rates (∼19–110 m/m.y.) averaged since ca. 2.44 Ma increase downstream toward the Fortymile–Yukon River confluence. Basin-scale 10Be-based erosion rates of tributaries to the Fortymile River trunk nearly double from the headwaters (∼9 mm/k.y.) to the knickzone (average ∼16 mm/k.y.), revealing the pace of ongoing landscape response to knickzone incision over 104 yr. Our observations calibrate a stream-power model (erosion coefficient K ∼ 1.1 × 10–6 m0.2) that closely reproduces the knickzone profile and thus implies long-term (104–106 yr) efficacy of a simple stream-power bedrock incision law.
The National Park Service (NPS) manages the Nation’s most iconic destinations that attract millions of visitors from across the Nation and around the world. Trip-related spending by NPS visitors generates and supports a considerable amount of economic activity within park gateway communities. This economic effects analysis measures how NPS visitor spending cycles through local economies, generating business sales and supporting jobs and income. In 2017, the National Park System received an estimated 331 million recreation visits. Visitors to National Parks spent an estimated \\$18.2 billion in local gateway regions (defined as communities within 60 miles of a park). The contribution of this spending to the national economy was 306 thousand jobs, \\$11.9 billion in labor income, \\$20.3 billion in value added, and \\$35.8 billion in economic output. The lodging sector saw the highest direct contributions with \\$5.5 billion in economic output directly contributed to local gateway economies nationally. The sector with the next greatest direct contributions was the restaurants and bars sector, with \\$3.7 billion in economic output directly contributed to local gateway economies nationally. Results from the Visitor Spending Effects report series are available online via an interactive tool. Users can view year-by-year trend data and explore current year visitor spending, jobs, labor income, value added, and economic output effects by sector for national, state, and local economies. This interactive tool is available at https://www.nps.gov/subjects/socialscience/vse.htm.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Cullinane Thomas, C., Koontz, L., and Cornachione, E., 2018, 2017 National Park visitor spending effects : Economic contributions to local communities, states, and the Nation : Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NRSS/EQD/NRR—2018/1616 , iv, 56 p.","productDescription":"iv, 56 p.","ipdsId":"IP-096074","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354886,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":354889,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nps.gov/subjects/socialscience/vse.htm"},{"id":354887,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.nps.gov/nature/customcf/NPS_Data_Visualization/docs/NPS_2017_Visitor_Spending_Effects.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e56ee4b060350a15d155","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cullinane Thomas, Catherine M. 0000-0001-8168-1271 ccullinanethomas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8168-1271","contributorId":5281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cullinane Thomas","given":"Catherine M.","email":"ccullinanethomas@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":737590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koontz, Lynne koontzl@usgs.gov","contributorId":131112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koontz","given":"Lynne","email":"koontzl@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cornachione, Egan 0000-0001-9248-4118","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9248-4118","contributorId":205507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cornachione","given":"Egan","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":737592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}