The relative roles of science and human values can be difficult to distinguish when informal processes are used to make complex and contentious decisions in wildlife management. Structured Decision Making (SDM) offers a formal process for making such decisions, where scientific results and concepts can be disentangled from the values of differing stakeholders. We used SDM to formally integrate science and human values for a citizen working group of ungulate hunting advocates, lion hunting advocates, and outfitters convened to address the contentious allocation of harvest quotas for mountain lions (Puma concolor) in west‐central Montana, USA, during 2014. A science team consisting of mountain lion biologists and population ecologists convened to support the working group. The science team used integrated population models that incorporated 4 estimates of mountain lion density to estimate population trajectories for 5 alternative harvest quotas developed by the working group. Results of the modeling predicted that effects of each harvest quota were consistent across the 4 density estimates; harvest quotas affected predicted population trajectories for 5 years after implementation but differences were not strong. Based on these results, the focus of the working group changed to differences in values among stakeholders that were the true impediment to allocating harvest quotas. By distinguishing roles of science and human values in this process, the working group was able to collaboratively recommend a compromise solution. This solution differed little from the status quo that had been the focus of debate, but the SDM process produced understanding and buy‐in among stakeholders involved, reducing disagreements, misunderstanding, and unproductive arguments founded on informal application of scientific data and concepts. Whereas investments involved in conducting SDM may be unnecessary for many decisions in wildlife management, the investment may be beneficial for complex, contentious, and multiobjective decisions that integrate science and human values.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wsb.861","usgsCitation":"Mitchell, M.S., Cooley, H., Gude, J., Kolbe, J., Nowak, J.J., Proffitt, K.M., Sells, S.N., and Thompson, M., 2018, Distinguishing values from science in decision making: Setting harvest quotas for mountain lions in Montana: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 42, no. 1, p. 13-21, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.861.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"21","ipdsId":"IP-089989","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499990,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/821cf25d1bd94a54a95a168864e646fc","text":"External Repository"},{"id":354717,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.740966796875,\n 45.433153642271385\n ],\n [\n -112.093505859375,\n 45.433153642271385\n ],\n [\n -112.093505859375,\n 47.45037978769006\n ],\n [\n -115.740966796875,\n 47.45037978769006\n ],\n [\n -115.740966796875,\n 45.433153642271385\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-03-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e5ade4b060350a15d202","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mitchell, Michael S. 0000-0002-0773-6905 mmitchel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-6905","contributorId":3716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Michael","email":"mmitchel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cooley, Hilary","contributorId":205414,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooley","given":"Hilary","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gude, Justin A.","contributorId":95780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gude","given":"Justin A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kolbe, Jay","contributorId":205415,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kolbe","given":"Jay","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nowak, J. Joshua","contributorId":171707,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nowak","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Joshua","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Proffitt, Kelly M.","contributorId":106783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Proffitt","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sells, Sarah N.","contributorId":171706,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sells","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Thompson, Mike","contributorId":205416,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson","given":"Mike","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70196947,"text":"70196947 - 2018 - Monitoring Least Bitterns (Ixobrychis exilis) in Vermont: Detection probability and occupancy modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-17T15:21:08","indexId":"70196947","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2898,"text":"Northeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Monitoring Least Bitterns (Ixobrychis exilis) in Vermont: Detection probability and occupancy modeling","title":"Monitoring Least Bitterns (Ixobrychis exilis) in Vermont: Detection probability and occupancy modeling","docAbstract":"Ixobrychus exillis (Least Bittern) is listed as a species of high concern in the North American Waterbird Conservation Plan and is a US Fish and Wildlife Service migratory bird species of conservation concern in the Northeast. Little is known about the population of Least Bitterns in the Northeast because of their low population density, tendency to nest in dense wetland vegetation, and secretive behavior. Urban and agricultural development is expected to encroach on and degrade suitable wetland habitat; however, we cannot predict the effects on Least Bittern populations without more accurate information on their abundance and distribution. We conducted surveys of wetlands in Vermont to assess the efficacy of a monitoring protocol and to establish baseline Least Bittern abundance and distribution data at a sample of 29 wetland sites. Surveys yielded detections of 31 individuals at 15 of 29 sites across 3 biophysical regions and at 5 sites where occupancy had not been previously reported. Probability of occupancy was positively related to wetland size and number of patches, though the relationships were not strong enough to conclude if these were true determinants of occupancy. Call—response broadcast surveys yielded 30 detections, while passive surveys yielded 13. Call—response broadcasts (P = 0.897) increased the rate of detection by 55% compared to passive surveys (P = 0.577). Our results suggest that call—response broadcast surveys are an effective means of assessing Least Bittern occupancy and may reduce bias in long-term monitoring programs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Eagle Hill Institute","doi":"10.1656/045.025.0104","usgsCitation":"Cherukuri, A., Strong, A., and Donovan, T.M., 2018, Monitoring Least Bitterns (Ixobrychis exilis) in Vermont: Detection probability and occupancy modeling: Northeastern Naturalist, v. 25, no. 1, p. 56-71, https://doi.org/10.1656/045.025.0104.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"56","endPage":"71","ipdsId":"IP-084582","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354279,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70196225,"text":"70196225 - 2018 - Stability and change in kelp forest habitats at San Nicolas Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-16T16:29:35.001376","indexId":"70196225","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3746,"text":"Western North American Naturalist","onlineIssn":"1944-8341","printIssn":"1527-0904","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stability and change in kelp forest habitats at San Nicolas Island","docAbstract":"Kelp forest communities are highly variable over space and time. Despite this complexity it has been suggested that kelp forest communities can be classified into one of 2 states: kelp dominated or sea urchin dominated. It has been further hypothesized that these represent “alternate stable states” because a site can remain in either of these states for decades before some perturbation causes a rapid shift to the other state. Our research group has maintained a subtidal community monitoring program for 38 years at San Nicolas Island consisting of twice-annual scuba-based surveys at 6 sites distributed within 4 regions around the island. Three types of perturbations are thought to be relevant to subtidal community dynamics at San Nicolas: (1) physical disturbances in the form of major storm and El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events; (2) invertebrate diseases, which periodically decimate urchin populations; and (3) the reintroduction and subsequent increase of sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis). These 3 perturbations differ in spatial and temporal specificity; physical disturbances and disease outbreaks occur periodically and could affect all 4 regions, while sea otter predation has been concentrated primarily at the West End sites over the last 15 years. The different types of perturbations and the duration of the time series at the kelp forests at San Nicolas make the data set ideal for testing the “alternate stable state” hypothesis. We use nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) to examine spatial and temporal patterns of community similarity at the 4 regions. In particular, we evaluate support for the existence of stable states, which are represented on NMDS plots as distinct spatial clusters. Community dynamics at each site approximated a biased random walk in NMDS space, with one or more basins of attraction and occasional jumps between basins. We found evidence for alternative stable states at some sites, and we show that transitions from one stable state to another may be influenced by interactions between multiple perturbations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Western North American Naturalist Publications","doi":"10.3398/064.078.0407","usgsCitation":"Kenner, M.C., and Tinker, M.T., 2018, Stability and change in kelp forest habitats at San Nicolas Island: Western North American Naturalist, v. 78, no. 4, p. 633-643, https://doi.org/10.3398/064.078.0407.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"633","endPage":"643","ipdsId":"IP-086463","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488846,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan/vol78/iss4/14","text":"External Repository"},{"id":352844,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Nicolas Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.58824157714842,\n 33.20881849225547\n ],\n [\n -119.42893981933592,\n 33.20881849225547\n ],\n [\n -119.42893981933592,\n 33.289785856885224\n ],\n [\n -119.58824157714842,\n 33.289785856885224\n ],\n [\n -119.58824157714842,\n 33.20881849225547\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"78","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee710e4b0da30c1bfc0b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kenner, Michael C. 0000-0003-4659-461X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4659-461X","contributorId":203543,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kenner","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tinker, M. Tim 0000-0002-3314-839X ttinker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-839X","contributorId":2796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinker","given":"M.","email":"ttinker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Tim","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70197209,"text":"70197209 - 2018 - Does behavioural thermoregulation underlie seasonal movements in Lake Erie walleye?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-22T15:07:24","indexId":"70197209","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does behavioural thermoregulation underlie seasonal movements in Lake Erie walleye?","docAbstract":"Thermoregulation is presumed to be a widespread determinant of behaviour in fishes, but has not often been investigated as a mechanism shaping long-distance migrations. We used acoustic telemetry and animal-borne thermal loggers to test the hypothesis that seasonal migration in adult walleye (Sander vitreus) in Lake Erie is size- and (or) sex-specific and related to behavioural thermoregulation. Female walleye migrated out of the warm, shallow western basin earlier than did males and were 1.8 times more likely to be detected on acoustic receivers in the deeper and cooler eastern basin. The few fish that remained in the western basin were restricted to a smaller range of higher temperatures (≥20 °C) than those that migrated to the central and eastern basins (∼16–21 °C). However, temperature records from walleye in the central basin were nearly indistinguishable from those in the eastern basin, suggesting thermal preferences alone could not explain migration to the eastern basin. As such, our effort to understand the mechanisms that cause migratory behaviours has generated mixed evidence on the role of temperature and that factors like foraging opportunities may have synergistic roles in the migration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2017-0145","usgsCitation":"Raby, G.D., Vandergoot, C., Hayden, T., Faust, M.D., Kraus, R.T., Dettmers, J.M., Cooke, S., Zhao, Y., Fisk, A.T., and Krueger, C., 2018, Does behavioural thermoregulation underlie seasonal movements in Lake Erie walleye?: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 75, no. 3, p. 488-496, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2017-0145.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"488","endPage":"496","ipdsId":"IP-085286","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460997,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1807/82828","text":"External Repository"},{"id":354397,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Lake Erie","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -78.49731445312499,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -78.49731445312499,\n 43.36512572875844\n ],\n [\n -84,\n 43.36512572875844\n ],\n [\n -84,\n 41\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"75","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b155d9be4b092d9651e1b77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raby, Graham D.","contributorId":205145,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raby","given":"Graham","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":32936,"text":"Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":736214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vandergoot, Christopher 0000-0003-4128-3329 cvandergoot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4128-3329","contributorId":178356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandergoot","given":"Christopher","email":"cvandergoot@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":736213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hayden, Todd A.","contributorId":205146,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayden","given":"Todd A.","affiliations":[{"id":6590,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":736215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Faust, Matthew D.","contributorId":145776,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Faust","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16232,"text":"Ohio Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":736216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kraus, Richard T. 0000-0003-4494-1841 rkraus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4494-1841","contributorId":2609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraus","given":"Richard","email":"rkraus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":736222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dettmers, John M.","contributorId":191256,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dettmers","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cooke, Steven J.","contributorId":56132,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooke","given":"Steven J.","affiliations":[{"id":36574,"text":"Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":736218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Zhao, Yingming","contributorId":205147,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhao","given":"Yingming","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37034,"text":"Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, Aquatic Research and Monitoring Section","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":736219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Fisk, Aaron T.","contributorId":127340,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fisk","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6778,"text":"University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":736220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Krueger, Charles C.","contributorId":67821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krueger","given":"Charles C.","affiliations":[{"id":7019,"text":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":736221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70159602,"text":"sir20155164 - 2018 - Volcanic aquifers of Hawai‘i—Hydrogeology, water budgets, and conceptual models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-08T16:40:09.114831","indexId":"sir20155164","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5164","displayTitle":"Volcanic Aquifers of Hawai‘i—Hydrogeology, Water budgets, and Conceptual Models","title":"Volcanic aquifers of Hawai‘i—Hydrogeology, water budgets, and conceptual models","docAbstract":"Hawai‘i’s aquifers have limited capacity to store fresh groundwater because each island is small and surrounded by saltwater. Saltwater also underlies much of the fresh groundwater. Fresh groundwater resources are, therefore, particularly vulnerable to human activity, short-term climate cycles, and long-term climate change. Availability of fresh groundwater for human use is constrained by the degree to which the impacts of withdrawal—such as lowering of the water table, saltwater intrusion, and reduction in the natural discharge to springs, streams, wetlands, and submarine seeps—are deemed acceptable. This report describes the hydrogeologic framework, groundwater budgets (inflows and outflows), conceptual models of groundwater occurrence and movement, and the factors limiting groundwater availability for the largest and most populated of the Hawaiian Islands—Kaua‘i, O‘ahu, Maui, and Hawai‘i Island.
The bulk of each of Hawai‘i’s islands is built of many thin lava flows erupted from shield volcanoes; the great piles of lava flows form highly permeable aquifers. In some areas, low-permeability dikes cutting across the lava flows, or low-permeability ash and soil horizons interlayered with the lava flows, can substantially alter groundwater flow. On some islands, sedimentary rocks form thick semiconfining coastal-plain deposits, locally known as caprock, that impede natural groundwater discharge to the ocean. In some regions, thick lava flows that ponded in preexisting depressions form aquifers that are much less permeable than aquifers formed by thin lava flows.
Fresh groundwater inflow to Hawai‘i’s aquifers comes from recharge. For predevelopment conditions (1870), estimates of groundwater recharge from this study are 871, 675, 1,279, and 5,291 million gallons per day (Mgal/d) for Kaua‘i, O‘ahu, Maui, and Hawai‘i Island, respectively. Estimates of recharge for recent conditions (2010 land cover and 1978–2007 rainfall for Kaua‘i, O‘ahu, and Maui; 2008 land cover and 1916–1983 rainfall for Hawai‘i Island) are 875, 660, 1,308, and 6,595 Mgal/d for Kaua‘i, O‘ahu, Maui, and Hawai‘i Island, respectively. Recent recharge values differ from predevelopment recharge values by only a few percent for all islands except Hawai‘i Island, where changes in forest cover affected recharge. Spatial distribution of recharge mimics the orographic rainfall pattern—recharge is high on windward slopes and mountain peaks below the top of the trade-wind inversion. Human activity such as irrigation also contributes to recharge in some areas.
Outflows from Hawai‘i’s aquifers include withdrawals from wells and natural groundwater discharge to springs, streams, wetlands, and submarine seeps. Under predevelopment conditions, groundwater withdrawal is assumed to be negligible and natural groundwater discharge probably was equal, or close, to recharge. Under recent conditions (2000–2010), groundwater withdrawal averaged 19, 209, 104, and 103 Mgal/d on Kaua‘i, O‘ahu, Maui, and Hawai‘i Island, respectively. If recent withdrawal and recharge rates are maintained until steady state is achieved, natural groundwater discharge will be reduced by an amount equal to the withdrawal rate. Total recent withdrawal for the four islands is only about 5 percent of total recharge, but about half of the withdrawal comes from O‘ahu, whereas O‘ahu receives only 7 percent of the total recharge. Effects of high withdrawals on O‘ahu cannot be mitigated by the lower withdrawals on other islands because no freshwater flows between islands. Even within an island, high withdrawals from one area cannot be completely mitigated by recharge in another area. Water-level, saltwater/freshwater-transition-zone, spring, and stream base-flow data indicate an overall reduction in storage for most areas where groundwater has been developed.
Groundwater occurrence and movement in Hawai‘i’s volcanic aquifers can be described in terms of four conceptual models: (1) fresh groundwater lenses in high-permeability lava-flow aquifers, (2) aquifers with groundwater impounded by dikes, (3) thickly saturated low-permeability aquifers, and (4) perched aquifers. In Hawai‘i, most fresh groundwater withdrawn for human use comes from freshwater lenses in the dike-free high-permeability lava-flow aquifers where the principal limiting factor to groundwater availability is saltwater intrusion, but impacts of reduced natural groundwater discharge may also limit availability. Dike-impounded groundwater is common near the center of Hawaiian shield volcanoes, where water moves and is stored in permeable lava flows between the dikes; groundwater availability in these aquifers is primarily limited by storage depletion and reduction of flow to adjacent aquifers and natural groundwater discharge. Thickly saturated low-permeability aquifers have been identified on Kaua‘i and Maui; groundwater availability is primarily limited by streamflow depletion and water-table decline. Perched groundwater is postulated to exist in some areas of Hawai‘i, but store much less water than other modes ofgroundwater occurrence. Limits on groundwater availability in perched aquifers include the potential of reducing inflow to other groundwater settings and reducing natural discharge and stream seepage. Some groundwater bodies in Hawai‘i are enigmatic; consequences of groundwater development in these bodies and their relation to groundwater availability are not completely understood.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155164","usgsCitation":"Izuka, S.K., Engott, J.A., Rotzoll, Kolja, Bassiouni, Maoya, Johnson, A.G., Miller, L.D., and Mair, Alan, 2018, Volcanic aquifers of Hawai‘i—Hydrogeology, water budgets, and conceptual models (ver. 2.0, March 2018): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5164, 158 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155164.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 158 p.; Data Releases","numberOfPages":"172","ipdsId":"IP-058142","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351940,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F72F7KH4","linkHelpText":"Mean annual water-budget components for the Island of Oahu, Hawaii, for current conditions, 2001-10 rainfall and 2001-10 land cover (ver. 2.0)"},{"id":351939,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data 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\"}}]}","edition":"Version 1.0: June 13, 2016; Version 2.0: March 1, 2018","contact":"Director,
Pacific Islands Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Inouye Regional Center
1845 Wasp Blvd., B176
Honolulu, HI 96818
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) intercropping is a novel forest management practice for biomass production intended to generate cellulosic feedstocks within intensively managed loblolly pine‐dominated landscapes. These pine plantations are important for early‐successional bird species, as short rotation times continually maintain early‐successional habitat. We tested the efficacy of using community models compared to individual surrogate species models in understanding influences on nest survival. We analysed nest data to test for differences in habitat use for 14 bird species in plots managed for switchgrass intercropping and controls within loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) plantations in Mississippi, USA.
We adapted hierarchical models using hyper‐parameters to incorporate information from both common and rare species to understand community‐level nest survival. This approach incorporates rare species that are often discarded due to low sample sizes, but can inform community‐level demographic parameter estimates. We illustrate use of this approach in generating both species‐level and community‐wide estimates of daily survival rates for songbird nests. We were able to include rare species with low sample size (minimum n = 5) to inform a hyper‐prior, allowing us to estimate effects of covariates on daily survival at the community level, then compare this with a single‐species approach using surrogate species. Using single‐species models, we were unable to generate estimates below a sample size of 21 nests per species.
Community model species‐level survival and parameter estimates were similar to those generated by five single‐species models, with improved precision in community model parameters.
Covariates of nest placement indicated that switchgrass at the nest site (<4 m) reduced daily nest survival, although intercropping at the forest stand level increased daily nest survival.
Synthesis and applications. Community models represent a viable method for estimating community nest survival rates and effects of covariates while incorporating limited data for rarely detected species. Intercropping switchgrass in loblolly pine plantations slightly increased daily nest survival at the research plot scale (0.1 km2), although at a local scale (50 m2) switchgrass negatively influenced nest survival. A likely explanation is intercropping shifted community composition, favouring species with greater disturbance tolerance.
Background
A number of conservation and societal issues require understanding how species are distributed on the landscape, yet ecologists are often faced with a lack of data to develop models at the resolution and extent desired, resulting in inefficient use of conservation resources. Such a situation presented itself in our attempt to develop waterfowl distribution models as part of a multi-disciplinary team targeting the control of the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus in China.
Methods
Faced with limited data, we built species distribution models using a habitat suitability approach for China’s breeding and non-breeding (hereafter, wintering) waterfowl. An extensive review of the literature was used to determine model parameters for habitat modeling. Habitat relationships were implemented in GIS using land cover covariates. Wintering models were validated using waterfowl census data, while breeding models, though developed for many species, were only validated for the one species with sufficient telemetry data available.
Results
We developed suitability models for 42 waterfowl species (30 breeding and 39 wintering) at 1 km resolution for the extent of China, along with cumulative and genus level species richness maps. Breeding season models showed highest waterfowl suitability in wetlands of the high-elevation west-central plateau and northeastern China. Wintering waterfowl suitability was highest in the lowland regions of southeastern China. Validation measures indicated strong performance in predicting species presence. Comparing our model outputs to China’s protected areas indicated that breeding habitat was generally better covered than wintering habitat, and identified locations for which additional research and protection should be prioritized.
Conclusions
These suitability models are the first available for many of China’s waterfowl species, and have direct utility to conservation and habitat planning and prioritizing management of critically important areas, providing an example of how this approach may aid others faced with the challenge of addressing conservation issues with little data to inform decision making.
Lead concentrations in soil organisms are usually well below those in the associated soil and tend to decrease with each higher trophic level in a food chain. Earthworms of the species Eisenoides lonnbergi provide an exception to this observation, accumulating very high concentrations of lead from acidic soils. Earthworms belonging to this species were collected from strongly to extremely acidic soils at 16 sites on a wildlife refuge in Maryland, USA. A lead concentration as high as 766 mg/kg, dry weight, was detected in depurated E. lonnbergi collected from soil containing only 17 mg/kg of lead. Concentration factors (ratio of lead concentration in earthworms to lead concentration in soil, dry wt) were highly variable at the sites, from 1.0 to 83. As suggested previously, lead absorption by earthworms is enhanced in low-calcium soils. The anomalously high concentrations of lead found in E. lonnbergi are more closely correlated with the uptake of calcium from acidic soils than with bioaccessibility of soil lead.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/etc.4031","usgsCitation":"Beyer, W.N., Codling, E.E., and Rutzke, M.A., 2018, Anomalous bioaccumulation of lead in the earthworm Eisenoides lonnbergi (Michaelsen): Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 37, no. 3, p. 914-919, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.4031.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"914","endPage":"919","ipdsId":"IP-086530","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352160,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-11-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee712e4b0da30c1bfc0d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beyer, W. Nelson 0000-0002-8911-9141 nbeyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-9141","contributorId":3301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beyer","given":"W.","email":"nbeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Nelson","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Codling, Eton E.","contributorId":202854,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Codling","given":"Eton","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36534,"text":"USDA-ARS, Adaptive Cropping System Laboratory, Bldg. 007, BARC-West, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rutzke, Michael A.","contributorId":202855,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rutzke","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36535,"text":"College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Nutrient Analysis Lab., Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70195768,"text":"70195768 - 2018 - Environmental risks and challenges associated with neonicotinoid insecticides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-26T13:45:40","indexId":"70195768","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental risks and challenges associated with neonicotinoid insecticides","docAbstract":"Neonicotinoid use has increased rapidly in recent years, with a global shift towards insecticide applications as seed coatings rather than aerial spraying. While the use of seed coatings can lessen the amount of overspray and drift, the near universal and prophylactic use of neonicotinoid seed coatings on major agricultural crops has led to widespread detections in the environment (pollen, soil, water, honey). Pollinators and aquatic insects appear to be especially susceptible to the effects of neonicotinoids with current research suggesting that chronic sub-lethal effects are more prevalent than acute toxicity. Meanwhile, evidence of clear and consistent yield benefits from the use of neonicotinoids remains elusive for most crops. Future decisions on neonicotinoid use will benefit from weighing crop yield benefits versus environmental impacts to non-target organisms and considering whether there are more environmentally benign alternatives.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.7b06388","usgsCitation":"Hladik, M., Main, A., and Goulson, D., 2018, Environmental risks and challenges associated with neonicotinoid insecticides: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 52, no. 6, p. 3329-3335, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b06388.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"3329","endPage":"3335","ipdsId":"IP-092573","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468954,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Environmental_risks_and_challenges_associated_with_neonicotinoid_insecticides/23455121","text":"External Repository"},{"id":352161,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee712e4b0da30c1bfc0d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hladik, Michelle L. 0000-0002-0891-2712 mhladik@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0891-2712","contributorId":189904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hladik","given":"Michelle L.","email":"mhladik@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":729914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Main, Anson 0000-0001-9539-760X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9539-760X","contributorId":202852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Main","given":"Anson","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goulson, Dave 0000-0003-4421-2876","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4421-2876","contributorId":202853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goulson","given":"Dave","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36533,"text":"Univesity of Sussex, Brighton, U.K.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70198130,"text":"70198130 - 2018 - Drivers of variability in public‐supply water use across the contiguous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-17T09:50:48","indexId":"70198130","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Drivers of variability in public‐supply water use across the contiguous United States","docAbstract":"This study explores the relationship between municipal water use and an array of climate, economic, behavioral, and policy variables across the contiguous U.S. The relationship is explored using Bayesian‐hierarchical regression models for over 2,500 counties, 18 covariates, and three higher‐level grouping variables. Additionally, a second analysis is included for 83 cities where water price and water conservation policy information is available. A hierarchical model using the nine climate regions (product of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) as the higher‐level groups results in the best out‐of‐sample performance, as estimated by the Widely Available Information Criterion, compared to counties grouped by urban continuum classification or primary economic activity. The regression coefficients indicate that the controls on water use are not uniform across the nation: e.g., counties in the Northeast and Northwest climate regions are more sensitive to social variables, whereas counties in the Southwest and East North Central climate regions are more sensitive to environmental variables. For the national city‐level model, it appears that arid cities with a high cost of living and relatively low water bills sell more water per customer, but as with the county‐level model, the effect of each variable depends heavily on where a city is located.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2017WR021268","usgsCitation":"Worland, S.C., Steinschneider, S., and Hornberger, G.M., 2018, Drivers of variability in public‐supply water use across the contiguous United States: Water Resources Research, v. 54, no. 3, p. 1868-1889, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017WR021268.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"1868","endPage":"1889","ipdsId":"IP-087770","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488785,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017wr021268","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":355717,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"54","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-03-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc483e4b0f5d57878ea9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Worland, Scott C. 0000-0001-6384-2457 scworland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6384-2457","contributorId":5802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Worland","given":"Scott","email":"scworland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steinschneider, Scott 0000-0002-8882-1908","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8882-1908","contributorId":206359,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Steinschneider","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":740160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hornberger, George M.","contributorId":206360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hornberger","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36656,"text":"Vanderbilt University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":740161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70196690,"text":"70196690 - 2018 - Geoelectric hazard assessment: the differences of geoelectric responses during magnetic storms within common physiographic zones","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-24T16:59:59","indexId":"70196690","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1430,"text":"Earth, Planets and Space","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geoelectric hazard assessment: the differences of geoelectric responses during magnetic storms within common physiographic zones","docAbstract":"Geomagnetic field data obtained through the INTERMAGNET program are convolved with with magnetotelluric surface impedance from four EarthScope USArray sites to estimate the geoelectric variations throughout the duration of a magnetic storm. A duration of time from June 22, 2016, to June 25, 2016, is considered which encompasses a magnetic storm of moderate size recorded at the Brandon, Manitoba and Fredericksburg, Virginia magnetic observatories over 3 days. Two impedance sites were chosen in each case which represent different responses while being within close geographic proximity and within the same physiographic zone. This study produces estimated time series of the geoelectric field throughout the duration of a magnetic storm, providing an understanding of how the geoelectric field differs across small geographic distances within the same physiographic zone. This study shows that the geoelectric response of two sites within 200 km of one another can differ by up to two orders of magnitude (4484 mV/km at one site and 41 mV/km at another site 125 km away). This study demonstrates that the application of uniform 1-dimensional conductivity models of the subsurface to wide geographic regions is insufficient to predict the geoelectric hazard at a given site. This necessitates that an evaluation of the 3-dimensional conductivity distribution at a given location is necessary to produce a reliable estimation of how the geoelectric field evolves over the course of a magnetic storm.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1186/s40623-018-0807-7","usgsCitation":"Cuttler, S.W., Love, J.J., and Swidinsky, A., 2018, Geoelectric hazard assessment: the differences of geoelectric responses during magnetic storms within common physiographic zones: Earth, Planets and Space, v. 70, Article 35; 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-018-0807-7.","productDescription":"Article 35; 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-092919","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468963,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-018-0807-7","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":353688,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-03-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee70fe4b0da30c1bfc0a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cuttler, Stephen W.","contributorId":204450,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cuttler","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Love, Jeffrey J. 0000-0002-3324-0348 jlove@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3324-0348","contributorId":760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jlove@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swidinsky, Andrei","contributorId":146924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swidinsky","given":"Andrei","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70197105,"text":"70197105 - 2018 - Rearing environment influences boldness and prey acquisition behavior, and brain and lens development of bull trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-17T11:46:27","indexId":"70197105","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rearing environment influences boldness and prey acquisition behavior, and brain and lens development of bull trout","docAbstract":"Animals reared in barren captive environments exhibit different developmental trajectories and behaviors than wild counterparts. Hence, the captive phenotypes may influence the success of reintroduction and recovery programs for threatened and endangered species. We collected wild bull trout embryos from the Metolius River Basin, Oregon and reared them in differing environments to better understand how captivity affects the bull trout Salvelinus confluentusphenotype. We compared the boldness and prey acquisition behaviors and development of the brain and eye lens of bull trout reared in conventional barren and more structurally complex captive environments with that of wild fish. Wild fish and captive reared fish from complex habitats exhibited a greater level of boldness and prey acquisition ability, than fish reared in conventional captive environments. In addition, the eye lens of conventionally reared bull trout was larger than complex reared captive fish or same age wild fish. Interestingly, we detected wild fish had a smaller relative cerebellum than either captive reared treatment. Our results suggest that rearing fish in more complex captive environments can create a more wild-like phenotype than conventional rearing practices. A better understanding of the effects of captivity on the development and behavior of bull trout can inform rearing and reintroduction programs though prediction of the performance of released individuals.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10641-017-0705-z","usgsCitation":"Brignon, W.R., Pike, M.M., Ebbesson, L.O., Schaller, H.A., Peterson, J., and Schreck, C.B., 2018, Rearing environment influences boldness and prey acquisition behavior, and brain and lens development of bull trout: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 101, no. 3, p. 383-401, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-017-0705-z.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"383","endPage":"401","ipdsId":"IP-091378","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354261,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"101","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-12-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee70ee4b0da30c1bfc092","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brignon, William R.","contributorId":193087,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brignon","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pike, Martin M.","contributorId":204965,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pike","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37015,"text":"Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ebbesson, Lars O.E.","contributorId":204966,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ebbesson","given":"Lars","email":"","middleInitial":"O.E.","affiliations":[{"id":37016,"text":"University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 53 A/B, Bergen, Norway","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schaller, Howard A.","contributorId":195101,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schaller","given":"Howard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peterson, James T. 0000-0002-7709-8590 james_peterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8590","contributorId":2111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"James","email":"james_peterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schreck, Carl B. 0000-0001-8347-1139 carl.schreck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-1139","contributorId":878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreck","given":"Carl","email":"carl.schreck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70195451,"text":"70195451 - 2018 - 2017 Landsat Science Team Summer Meeting Summary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-28T15:55:02","indexId":"70195451","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3555,"text":"The Earth Observer","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"2017 Landsat Science Team Summer Meeting Summary","docAbstract":"The summer meeting of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)-NASA Landsat Science Team (LST) was held June 11-13, 2017, at the USGS’s Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center near Sioux Falls, SD. This was the final meeting of the Second (2012-2017) LST.1 Frank Kelly [EROS—Center Director] welcomed the attendees and expressed his thanks to the LST members for their contributions. He then introduced video-recorded messages from South Dakota’s U.S. senators, John Thune and Mike Rounds, in which they acknowledged the efforts of the team in advancing the societal impacts of the Landsat Program.
","language":"English","publisher":"NASA","usgsCitation":"Crawford, C.J., Loveland, T.R., Wulder, M.A., and Irons, J.R., 2018, 2017 Landsat Science Team Summer Meeting Summary: The Earth Observer, v. 30, no. 1, p. 21-25.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"25","ipdsId":"IP-092816","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352880,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":351675,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://eospso.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/eo_pdfs/Jan_Feb_2018_color508_0.pdf#page=21"}],"volume":"30","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee712e4b0da30c1bfc0d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crawford, Christopher J. 0000-0002-7145-0709 cjcrawford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7145-0709","contributorId":202517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crawford","given":"Christopher","email":"cjcrawford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":728669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646 loveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":140256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas","email":"loveland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":728670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wulder, Michael A.","contributorId":189990,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wulder","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Irons, James R.","contributorId":59284,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Irons","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":7049,"text":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70196334,"text":"70196334 - 2018 - Integrate urban‐scale seismic hazard analyses with the U.S. National Seismic Hazard Model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-30T06:57:40","indexId":"70196334","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrate urban‐scale seismic hazard analyses with the U.S. National Seismic Hazard Model","docAbstract":"For more than 20 yrs, damage patterns and instrumental recordings have highlighted the influence of the local 3D geologic structure on earthquake ground motions (e.g.,
We recommend that future U.S. national seismic hazard assessment make use of all available regional information, including that in urban models. In this column, we describe the roles of and differences between the urban and national models, and discuss the obstacles to and benefits of integrating the urban models with the national model. Future progress on this issue will require further coordination and implementation efforts between the USGS and external partners.
No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"State wildlife management and conservation","language":"English","publisher":"Johns Hopkins University Press","usgsCitation":"Organ, J.F., 2018, History of state wildlife management in the United States, chap. of State wildlife management and conservation, p. 1-23.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"23","ipdsId":"IP-067985","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352201,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":352200,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://jhupbooks.press.jhu.edu/content/state-wildlife-management-and-conservation"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee712e4b0da30c1bfc0ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Organ, John F. 0000-0002-0959-0639 jorgan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0959-0639","contributorId":189047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Organ","given":"John","email":"jorgan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":730148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70195850,"text":"70195850 - 2018 - Environmental contaminants of health-care origin: Exposure and potential effects in wildlife","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-07T15:10:25","indexId":"70195850","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Environmental contaminants of health-care origin: Exposure and potential effects in wildlife","docAbstract":"A diverse range of fauna could be exposed to active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) via diet, dermal absorption or bioconcentration. Low level exposures of free-ranging wildlife to APIs has only been demonstrated for a few pathways (e.g., ingestion of fish in estuaries by piscivorous birds), and many remain hypothetical (e.g., ingestion of invertebrates in sludge amended fields by terrestrial vertebrates). Our understanding of API dose-response relationships in wildlife have only been assessed for endocrine disrupting compounds and a few veterinary therapeutics. Drug specific responses at various levels of biological organization are poorly characterized for nearly all wildlife species, and thus our understanding of risk is limited. There is interest in using a read-across approach to fill knowledge gaps for risk. This approach, using data collected in laboratory mammals and humans, would enable predictions for likelihood of adverse effects in wildlife. Given the great diversities in physiologies among species, a combination of in vivo, in vitro and in silico approaches will be required to fill the knowledge gaps for exposure, hazard and risk.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Health care and environmental contamination","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","isbn":"9780444638571","usgsCitation":"Bean, T., and Rattner, B.A., 2018, Environmental contaminants of health-care origin: Exposure and potential effects in wildlife, chap. of Health care and environmental contamination, p. 87-122.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"122","ipdsId":"IP-075358","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352302,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee712e4b0da30c1bfc0c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bean, Thomas","contributorId":202972,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bean","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":730299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843 brattner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":4142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett","email":"brattner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":730298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70196051,"text":"70196051 - 2018 - Developing a framework for evaluating tallgrass prairie reconstruction methods and management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-15T11:44:40","indexId":"70196051","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1462,"text":"Ecological Restoration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Developing a framework for evaluating tallgrass prairie reconstruction methods and management","docAbstract":"The thousands of hectares of prairie reconstructed each year in the tallgrass prairie biome can provide a valuable resource for evaluation of seed mixes, planting methods, and post-planting management if methods used and resulting characteristics of the prairies are recorded and compiled in a publicly accessible database. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of such data to understand the outcomes of reconstructions over a 10-year period at two U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service refuges. Variables included number of species planted, seed source (combine-harvest or combine-harvest plus hand-collected), fire history, and planting method and season. In 2015 we surveyed vegetation on 81 reconstructions and calculated proportion of planted species observed; introduced species richness; native species richness, evenness and diversity; and mean coefficient of conservatism. We conducted exploratory analyses to learn how implied communities based on seed mix compared with observed vegetation; which seeding or management variables were influential in the outcome of the reconstructions; and consistency of responses between the two refuges. Insights from this analysis include: 1) proportion of planted species observed in 2015 declined as planted richness increased, but lack of data on seeding rate per species limited conclusions about value of added species; 2) differing responses to seeding and management between the two refuges suggest the importance of geographic variability that could be addressed using a public database; and 3) variables such as fire history are difficult to quantify consistently and should be carefully evaluated in the context of a public data repository.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Wisconsin Press","doi":"10.3368/er.36.1.6","usgsCitation":"Larson, D.L., Ahlering, M., Drobney, P., Esser, R., Larson, J.L., and Viste-Sparkman, K., 2018, Developing a framework for evaluating tallgrass prairie reconstruction methods and management: Ecological Restoration, v. 36, no. 1, p. 6-18, https://doi.org/10.3368/er.36.1.6.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"6","endPage":"18","ipdsId":"IP-082530","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352555,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee712e4b0da30c1bfc0c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, Diane L. 0000-0001-5202-0634 dlarson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5202-0634","contributorId":2120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Diane","email":"dlarson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ahlering, Marissa 0000-0002-3913-428X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3913-428X","contributorId":171943,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ahlering","given":"Marissa","affiliations":[{"id":7041,"text":"The Nature Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Drobney, Pauline","contributorId":178447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drobney","given":"Pauline","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Esser, Rebecca","contributorId":197592,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Esser","given":"Rebecca","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Larson, Jennifer L.","contributorId":178444,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larson","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Viste-Sparkman, Karen","contributorId":197593,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Viste-Sparkman","given":"Karen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70195821,"text":"70195821 - 2018 - Fire and grazing influence site resistance to Bromus tectorum through their effects on shrub, bunchgrass and biocrust communities in the Great Basin (USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T10:03:20","indexId":"70195821","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Fire and grazing influence site resistance to Bromus tectorum through their effects on shrub, bunchgrass and biocrust communities in the Great Basin (USA)","title":"Fire and grazing influence site resistance to Bromus tectorum through their effects on shrub, bunchgrass and biocrust communities in the Great Basin (USA)","docAbstract":"Shrubs, bunchgrasses and biological soil crusts (biocrusts) are believed to contribute to site resistance to plant invasions in the presence of cattle grazing. Although fire is a concomitant disturbance with grazing, little is known regarding their combined impacts on invasion resistance. We are the first to date to test the idea that biotic communities mediate the effects of disturbance on site resistance. We assessed cover of Bromus tectorum, shrubs, native bunchgrasses, lichens and mosses in 99 burned and unburned plots located on similar soils where fires occurred between 12 and 23 years before sampling. Structural equation modeling was used to test hypothesized relationships between environmental and disturbance characteristics, the biotic community and resistance to B. tectorum cover. Characteristics of fire and grazing did not directly relate to cover of B. tectorum. Relationships were mediated through shrub, bunchgrass and biocrust communities. Increased site resistance following fire was associated with higher bunchgrass cover and recovery of bunchgrasses and mosses with time since fire. Evidence of grazing was more pronounced on burned sites and was positively correlated with the cover of B. tectorum, indicating an interaction between fire and grazing that decreases site resistance. Lichen cover showed a weak, negative relationship with cover of B. tectorum. Fire reduced near-term site resistance to B. tectorum on actively grazed rangelands. Independent of fire, grazing impacts resulted in reduced site resistance to B. tectorum, suggesting that grazing management that enhances plant and biocrust communities will also enhance site resistance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10021-018-0230-8","usgsCitation":"Condon, L.A., and Pyke, D.A., 2018, Fire and grazing influence site resistance to Bromus tectorum through their effects on shrub, bunchgrass and biocrust communities in the Great Basin (USA): Ecosystems, v. 21, no. 7, p. 1416-1431, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-018-0230-8.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1416","endPage":"1431","ipdsId":"IP-083278","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352209,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.03662109374999,\n 39.027718840211605\n ],\n [\n -111.796875,\n 39.027718840211605\n ],\n [\n -111.796875,\n 44.213709909702054\n ],\n [\n -120.03662109374999,\n 44.213709909702054\n ],\n [\n -120.03662109374999,\n 39.027718840211605\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee712e4b0da30c1bfc0ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Condon, Lea A. 0000-0002-9357-3881","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9357-3881","contributorId":202908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Condon","given":"Lea","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":730169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pyke, David A. 0000-0002-4578-8335 david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4578-8335","contributorId":3118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pyke","given":"David","email":"david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":730168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70196122,"text":"70196122 - 2018 - Osteopilus septentrionalis (Cuban treefrog)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T09:38:38","indexId":"70196122","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Osteopilus septentrionalis (Cuban treefrog)","docAbstract":"USA: LOUISIANA: east baton Rouge paRish: private property in a garden center on a bromeliad in the 1700 block of Millerville Road in Baton Rouge (ca. 30.443°N, 91.023°W; WGS 84). 29 November 2016. Joseph Roy. Verified by Hardin Waddle. Florida Museum of Natural History (UF 181952; photo voucher). New parish record. This sub-adult was discovered after the bromeliad was bought and placed outdoors under heat lights. It was not collected. A second individual, also not collected, was found at a nursery on a bromeliad in the greenhouse in the 15000 block of Perkins Road in Baton Rouge (ca. 30.357°N, 91.049°W; WGS 84) on 24 January 2017 by Joseph Roy (UF 181953; photo voucher).
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","usgsCitation":"Glorioso, B.M., Vanbergen, P., Roy, J., Walter, M., Leonpacher, L., and Freistak, M., 2018, Osteopilus septentrionalis (Cuban treefrog): Herpetological Review, v. 49, no. 1, p. 70-71.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"70","endPage":"71","ipdsId":"IP-094167","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352678,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":352675,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ssarherps.org/herpetological-review-pdfs/"}],"volume":"49","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee712e4b0da30c1bfc0c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glorioso, Brad M. 0000-0002-5400-7414 gloriosob@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5400-7414","contributorId":4241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glorioso","given":"Brad","email":"gloriosob@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vanbergen, Philip","contributorId":203422,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vanbergen","given":"Philip","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roy, Joseph","contributorId":203423,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roy","given":"Joseph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Walter, Matthew","contributorId":203424,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walter","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leonpacher, Lauren","contributorId":203425,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leonpacher","given":"Lauren","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Freistak, Mark","contributorId":203426,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Freistak","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70198127,"text":"70198127 - 2018 - Improving predictions of hydrological low-flow indices in ungaged basins using machine learning","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-17T09:55:03","indexId":"70198127","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1551,"text":"Environmental Modelling and Software","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improving predictions of hydrological low-flow indices in ungaged basins using machine learning","docAbstract":"We compare the ability of eight machine-learning models (elastic net, gradient boosting, kernel-k-nearest neighbors, two variants of support vector machines, M5-cubist, random forest, and a meta-learning ensemble M5-cubist model) and four baseline models (ordinary kriging, a unit area discharge model, and two variants of censored regression) to generate estimates of the annual minimum 7-day mean streamflow with an annual exceedance probability of 90% (7Q10) at 224 unregulated sites in South Carolina, Georgia, and Alabama, USA. The machine-learning models produced substantially lower cross validation errors compared to the baseline models. The meta-learning M5-cubist model had the lowest root-mean-squared-error of 26.72 cubic feet per second. Partial dependence plots show that 7Q10s are likely moderated by late summer and early fall precipitation and the infiltration capacity of basin soils.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.12.021","usgsCitation":"Worland, S.C., Farmer, W.H., and Kiang, J.E., 2018, Improving predictions of hydrological low-flow indices in ungaged basins using machine learning: Environmental Modelling and Software, v. 101, p. 169-182, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.12.021.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"182","ipdsId":"IP-080308","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468958,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.12.021","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437995,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7CR5S4T","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"7Q10 records and basin characteristics for 224 basins in South Carolina, Georgia, and Alabama 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Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70190387,"text":"70190387 - 2018 - Anthropogenic enhancement of moderate-to-strong El Niño events likely contributed to drought and poor harvests in southern Africa during 2016","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-23T09:00:37","indexId":"70190387","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1112,"text":"Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society","onlineIssn":"1520-0477","printIssn":"0003-0007","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anthropogenic enhancement of moderate-to-strong El Niño events likely contributed to drought and poor harvests in southern Africa during 2016","docAbstract":"In December–February (DJF) of 2015/16, a strong El Niño (Niño‑3.4 SST >29°C) contributed to a severe drought over southern Africa (SA; Funk et al. 2016). A 9-million ton cereal deficit resulted in 26 mil‑ lion people in need of humanitarian assistance (SADC 2016). While SA rainfall has a well-documented nega‑ tive teleconnection with Niño‑3.4 SSTs (Hoell et al. 2015, 2017; Jury et al. 1994; Lindesay 1988; Misra 2003; Nicholson and Entekhabi 1987; Nicholson and Kim 1997; Reason et al. 2000; Rocha and Simmonds 1997), the link between climate change and El Niño remains unclear (Christensen et al. 2013) due to the large natural variability of ENSO SSTs (Wittenberg 2009), uncertainties surrounding measurements and trends (Solomon and Newman 2012), intermodel differences in ENSO representation and feedbacks (Guilyardi et al. 2012; Kim et al. 2014), and difficulties associated with quantifying ENSO strength (Cai et al. 2015).
","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0112.1","usgsCitation":"Funk, C., Davenport, F., Harrison, L., Magadzire, T., Galu, G., Artan, G.A., Shukla, S., Korecha, D., Indeje, M., Pomposi, C., Macharia, D., Husak, G., and Dieudonne Nsadisa, F., 2018, Anthropogenic enhancement of moderate-to-strong El Niño events likely contributed to drought and poor harvests in southern Africa during 2016: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, v. 99, no. 1, p. S91-S94, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0112.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"S91","endPage":"S94","ipdsId":"IP-086759","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461003,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-17-0112.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":352865,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"99","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-03-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee713e4b0da30c1bfc0dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Funk, Chris 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":167070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Chris","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davenport, Frank","contributorId":145816,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davenport","given":"Frank","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7168,"text":"UCSB","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harrison, Laura","contributorId":192382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrison","given":"Laura","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Magadzire, Tamuka","contributorId":145822,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Magadzire","given":"Tamuka","affiliations":[{"id":16236,"text":"UCSB Climate Hazards Group","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Galu, Gideon","contributorId":97360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galu","given":"Gideon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Artan, Guleid A. 0000-0001-8409-6182 gartan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8409-6182","contributorId":2938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Artan","given":"Guleid","email":"gartan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Shukla, Shraddhanand","contributorId":145841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shukla","given":"Shraddhanand","affiliations":[{"id":16255,"text":"Climate Hazards Group University of California Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Korecha, Diriba","contributorId":195983,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Korecha","given":"Diriba","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Indeje, Matayo","contributorId":203615,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Indeje","given":"Matayo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Pomposi, Catherine","contributorId":195984,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pomposi","given":"Catherine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Macharia, Denis","contributorId":195985,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Macharia","given":"Denis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Husak, Gregory","contributorId":145811,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Husak","given":"Gregory","affiliations":[{"id":16236,"text":"UCSB Climate Hazards Group","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Dieudonne Nsadisa, Faka","contributorId":203616,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dieudonne Nsadisa","given":"Faka","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70196538,"text":"70196538 - 2018 - Ecological drought: Accounting for the non-human impacts of water shortage in the Upper Missouri Headwaters Basin, Montana, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-16T16:42:24","indexId":"70196538","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5507,"text":"Resources","printIssn":"2079-9276","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecological drought: Accounting for the non-human impacts of water shortage in the Upper Missouri Headwaters Basin, Montana, USA","docAbstract":"Water laws and drought plans are used to prioritize and allocate scarce water resources. Both have historically been human-centric, failing to account for non-human water needs. In this paper, we examine the development of instream flow legislation and the evolution of drought planning to highlight the growing concern for the non-human impacts of water scarcity. Utilizing a new framework for ecological drought, we analyzed five watershed-scale drought plans in southwestern Montana, USA to understand if, and how, the ecological impacts of drought are currently being assessed. We found that while these plans do account for some ecological impacts, it is primarily through the narrow lens of impacts to fish as measured by water temperature and streamflow. The latter is typically based on the same ecological principles used to determine instream flow requirements. We also found that other resource plans in the same watersheds (e.g., Watershed Restoration Plans, Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Watershed Assessments or United States Forest Service (USFS) Forest Plans) identify a broader range of ecological drought risks. Given limited resources and the potential for mutual benefits and synergies, we suggest greater integration between various planning processes could result in a more holistic consideration of water needs and uses across the landscape.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/resources7010014","usgsCitation":"McEvoy, J., Bathke, D.J., Burkardt, N., Cravens, A.E., Haigh, T., Hall, K.R., Hayes, M., Jedd, T., Podebradska, M., and Wickham, E., 2018, Ecological drought: Accounting for the non-human impacts of water shortage in the Upper Missouri Headwaters Basin, Montana, USA: Resources, v. 7, no. 1, p. 1-16, https://doi.org/10.3390/resources7010014.","productDescription":"Article 14; 16 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","ipdsId":"IP-092941","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/resources7010014","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":353468,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Upper Missouri Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.05957031249999,\n 44.4808302785626\n ],\n [\n -110.67626953125,\n 44.4808302785626\n ],\n [\n -110.67626953125,\n 48.99463598353405\n ],\n [\n -116.05957031249999,\n 48.99463598353405\n ],\n [\n -116.05957031249999,\n 44.4808302785626\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee70fe4b0da30c1bfc0a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McEvoy, Jamie","contributorId":197223,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McEvoy","given":"Jamie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bathke, Deborah J.","contributorId":197224,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bathke","given":"Deborah","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burkardt, Nina 0000-0002-9392-9251 burkardtn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9392-9251","contributorId":2781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkardt","given":"Nina","email":"burkardtn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cravens, Amanda E. 0000-0002-0271-7967 aecravens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0271-7967","contributorId":196752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cravens","given":"Amanda","email":"aecravens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haigh, Tonya","contributorId":204248,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haigh","given":"Tonya","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hall, Kimberly R.","contributorId":197221,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hall","given":"Kimberly","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hayes, Michael J.","contributorId":197222,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayes","given":"Michael J.","affiliations":[{"id":34856,"text":"National Drought Mitigation Center, Unversity of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jedd, Theresa","contributorId":204249,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jedd","given":"Theresa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Podebradska, Marketa","contributorId":204250,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Podebradska","given":"Marketa","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wickham, Elliot","contributorId":204251,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wickham","given":"Elliot","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70196176,"text":"70196176 - 2018 - Fire and climate suitability for woody vegetation communities in the south central United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-28T09:26:31","indexId":"70196176","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1636,"text":"Fire Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fire and climate suitability for woody vegetation communities in the south central United States","docAbstract":"Climate and fire are primary drivers of plant species distributions. Long-term management of south central United States woody vegetation communities can benefit from information on potential changes in climate and fire frequencies, and how these changes might affect plant communities. We used historical (1900 to 1929) and future (2040 to 2069 and 2070 to 2099) projected climate data for the conterminous US to estimate reference and future fire probabilities\nusing a physical chemistry fire frequency model. We then used the fire probability data with additional climate parameters to construct maximum entropy environmental suitability models for three south central US vegetation communities. The modeled communities included an oak type (dominated by post oak, Quercus stellata Wangenh., and blackjack oak, Q. marilandica Münchh.), a mesquite type (dominated by honey mesquite, Prosopis glandulosa Torr., and velvet mesquite, P. velutina Wooton), and a pinyon−juniper type (dominated by pinyon pine, Pinus edulis Engelm., and Utah juniper, Juniperus osteosperma [Torr.] Little). We mapped baseline and future mean fire-climate suitability using data from three global climate models for 2040 to 2069 and 2070 to 2099; we also mapped future locations of threshold conditions for which all three models agreed on suitability for each community. Future projections included northward, southward, and eastward shifts in suitable conditions for the oaks along a broad path of fire-climate stability; an overall reduction in suitable area for historic mesquite communities coupled with potential expansion to new areas; and constriction and isolation of suitable conditions for pinyon−juniper communities. The inclusion of fire probability adds an important driver of vegetation distribution to climate envelope modeling. The simple models showed good fit, but future projections failed to account for future management activities or land use changes. Results provided information on potential future de-coupling and spatial re-arrangement of environmental conditions under which these communities have historically persisted and been managed. In particular, consensus threshold maps can inform long-term planning for maintenance or restoration of these communities, and they can be used as a potential tool for other communities in fire-prone environments within the study area and beyond its borders.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.4996/fireecology.140110612","usgsCitation":"Stroh, E., Struckhoff, M., Stambaugh, M.C., and Guyette, R.P., 2018, Fire and climate suitability for woody vegetation communities in the south central United States: Fire Ecology, v. 14, no. 1, p. 106-124, https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.140110612.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"106","endPage":"124","ipdsId":"IP-088298","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468948,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.140110612","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":352785,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee711e4b0da30c1bfc0bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stroh, Esther 0000-0003-4291-4647","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4291-4647","contributorId":202825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stroh","given":"Esther","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Struckhoff, Matthew 0000-0002-4911-9956","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4911-9956","contributorId":201512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Struckhoff","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stambaugh, Michael C.","contributorId":202826,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stambaugh","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13706,"text":"University of Missouri-Columbia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guyette, Richard P.","contributorId":176595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guyette","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70196173,"text":"70196173 - 2018 - Adaptive influence of extrinsic and intrinsic factors on variation of incubation periods among tropical and temperate passerines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-22T09:59:54","indexId":"70196173","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Adaptive influence of extrinsic and intrinsic factors on variation of incubation periods among tropical and temperate passerines","docAbstract":"Understanding intrinsic (physiological) and extrinsic (e.g., temperature) causes of variation in embryonic development time (incubation period) is important because they can have different impacts on individual quality. Robert Ricklefs and colleagues have argued that longer incubation periods result primarily from intrinsic physiological programs that increase individual quality and adult survival. They claim that incubation periods are largely invariant and that extrinsic factors like temperature have little impact. We have argued that adult survival may be a cause rather than a consequence of much of the variation in embryonic development time. A reduction in extrinsic sources of annual adult mortality (e.g., migration, predation, nonbreeding-season mortality) favors reduced parental effort during incubation to minimize costs to future reproduction and survival. Reduced parental effort, in turn, manifests as cooler average egg temperatures that yield longer incubation periods. Ricklefs and colleagues mischaracterized our hypothesis and deconstructed their own incorrect version, while also making some incorrect statements. We show that reevaluation of previous evidence provided by this group actually supports a role of egg temperature for the variation in incubation periods. We also summarize other observational and experimental evidence that incubation periods are not invariant and that egg temperature has a strong causal influence on variation within and among species. In fact, egg temperature explains ∼60% of the difference in incubation periods among species. The remaining ∼40% reflects intrinsic physiological programs and other factors, potentially providing intrinsic benefits. Ultimately, annual adult mortality explains substantial variation in parental effort and egg temperature, and the latter strongly explains variation in incubation periods. Both intrinsic programs and extrinsic temperature effects need to be considered in attempts to understand incubation strategies.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/AUK-17-124.1","usgsCitation":"Martin, T.E., Ton, R., and Oteyza, J.C., 2018, Adaptive influence of extrinsic and intrinsic factors on variation of incubation periods among tropical and temperate passerines: The Auk, v. 135, no. 1, p. 101-113, https://doi.org/10.1642/AUK-17-124.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"113","ipdsId":"IP-088493","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468965,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1642/auk-17-124.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":352727,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"135","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee711e4b0da30c1bfc0be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martin, Thomas E. 0000-0002-4028-4867 tmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4028-4867","contributorId":1208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Thomas","email":"tmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ton, Riccardo","contributorId":95334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ton","given":"Riccardo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oteyza, Juan C.","contributorId":166761,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oteyza","given":"Juan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}