Twarakavi et al (2008) compared four packages that can be used to estimate recharge for regional-scale groundwater flow simulations using MODFLOW (Harbaugh, 2005). This comment is focused on the comparisons made between two of these packages, namely, UZF1 (Niswonger et al., 2006) and a derivative of HYDRUS referred to herein as HYDRUS (Seo et al., 2007). In their paper, Twarakavi et al. (2008) stated that HYDRUS more accurately simulates unsaturated flow processes and groundwater recharge as compared to UZF1. However, Twarakavi et al. (2008) did not address several important differences between these models that undermine the advantages of HYDRUS as compared to UZF1 for simulating recharge. These differences were not revealed by the comparisons presented by Twarakavi et al. because the test simulations used to compare the models were too simple
","language":"English","publisher":"Soil Science Society","doi":"10.2136/vzj2008.0155","usgsCitation":"Niswonger, R., and Prudic, D.E., 2009, Comment on \"Evaluating interactions between groundwater and vadose zone using the HYDRUS-based flow package for MODFLOW\" by Navin Kumar C. Twarakavi, Jirka Šimůnek and Sophia Seo: Vadose Zone Journal, v. 8, no. 3, p. 818-819, https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2008.0155.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"818","endPage":"819","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245691,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f7e6e4b0c8380cd4cd75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Niswonger, R.G.","contributorId":103393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niswonger","given":"R.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prudic, David E. deprudic@usgs.gov","contributorId":3430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prudic","given":"David","email":"deprudic@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036557,"text":"70036557 - 2009 - Effects of variation in streamflow and channel structure on smallmouth bass habitat in an alluvial stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:01","indexId":"70036557","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of variation in streamflow and channel structure on smallmouth bass habitat in an alluvial stream","docAbstract":"We evaluated the effects of streamflow-related changes in channel shape and morphology on the quality, quantity, availability and spatial distribution of young-of-year and adult smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu habitat in an alluvial stream, the Baron Fork of the Illinois River, Oklahoma. We developed Habitat Suitability Criteria (HSC) for young-of-year and adult smallmouth bass to assess changes in available smallmouth bass habitat between years, and compare predicted smallmouth bass Weighted Usable Area (WUA) with observed WUA measured the following year. Following flood events between 1999 and 2000, including a record flood, changes in transect cross-sectional area ranged from 62.5% to 93.5% and channel mesohabitat overlap ranged from 29.5% to 67.0% in study three study reaches. Using Physical HABitat SIMulation (PHABSIM) system analysis, we found that both young-of-year and adult smallmouth bass habitat were differentially affected by intra- and inter-annual streamflow fluctuations. Maximum WUA for young-of-year and adults occurred at streamflows of 1.8 and 2.3m3 s-1, respectively, and WUA declined sharply for both groups at lower streamflows. For most microhabitat variables, habitat availability was similar between years. Habitat suitability criteria developed in 1999 corresponded well with observed fish locations in 2000 for adult smallmouth bass but not for young-of-year fish. Our findings suggest that annual variation in habitat availability affects the predictive ability of habitat models for young-of-year smallmouth bass more than for adult smallmouth bass. Furthermore, our results showed that despite the dynamic nature of the gravel-dominated, alluvial Baron Fork, HSC for smallmouth bass were consistent and transferable between years.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"River Research and Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/rra.1178","issn":"15351459","usgsCitation":"Jason, R.W., and Fisher, W., 2009, Effects of variation in streamflow and channel structure on smallmouth bass habitat in an alluvial stream: River Research and Applications, v. 25, no. 6, p. 661-674, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.1178.","startPage":"661","endPage":"674","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217782,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.1178"},{"id":245750,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a082fe4b0c8380cd519f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jason, Remshardt W.","contributorId":96930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jason","given":"Remshardt","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, W.L.","contributorId":87713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036559,"text":"70036559 - 2009 - Evaluation of procedures for prediction of unconventional gas in the presence of geologic trends","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:01","indexId":"70036559","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2832,"text":"Natural Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1573-8981","printIssn":"1520-7439","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of procedures for prediction of unconventional gas in the presence of geologic trends","docAbstract":"This study extends the application of local spatial nonparametric prediction models to the estimation of recoverable gas volumes in continuous-type gas plays to regimes where there is a single geologic trend. A transformation is presented, originally proposed by Tomczak, that offsets the distortions caused by the trend. This article reports on numerical experiments that compare predictive and classification performance of the local nonparametric prediction models based on the transformation with models based on Euclidean distance. The transformation offers improvement in average root mean square error when the trend is not severely misspecified. Because of the local nature of the models, even those based on Euclidean distance in the presence of trends are reasonably robust. The tests based on other model performance metrics such as prediction error associated with the high-grade tracts and the ability of the models to identify sites with the largest gas volumes also demonstrate the robustness of both local modeling approaches. ?? International Association for Mathematical Geology 2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Natural Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11053-009-9100-6","issn":"15207439","usgsCitation":"Attanasi, E.D., and Coburn, T., 2009, Evaluation of procedures for prediction of unconventional gas in the presence of geologic trends: Natural Resources Research, v. 18, no. 3, p. 153-171, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-009-9100-6.","startPage":"153","endPage":"171","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217783,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11053-009-9100-6"},{"id":245752,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0cb0e4b0c8380cd52c61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Attanasi, E. D. 0000-0001-6845-7160","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6845-7160","contributorId":107672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Attanasi","given":"E.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coburn, T.C.","contributorId":100174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coburn","given":"T.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70035963,"text":"70035963 - 2009 - Slip maxima at fault junctions and rupturing of barriers during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:48","indexId":"70035963","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Slip maxima at fault junctions and rupturing of barriers during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake","docAbstract":"The disastrous 12 May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China took the local population as well as scientists by surprise. Although the Longmen Shan fault zonewhich includes the fault segments along which this earthquake nucleatedwas well known, geologic and geodetic data indicate relatively low (<3 mm yr -1) deformation rates. Here we invert Global Positioning System and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar data to infer fault geometry and slip distribution associated with the earthquake. Our analysis shows that the geometry of the fault changes along its length: in the southwest, the fault plane dips moderately to the northwest but becomes nearly vertical in the northeast. Associated with this is a change in the motion along the fault from predominantly thrusting to strike-slip. Peak slip along the fault occurs at the intersections of fault segments located near the towns of Yingxiu, Beichuan and Nanba, where fatalities and damage were concentrated. We suggest that these locations represent barriers that failed in a single event, enabling the rupture to cascade through several fault segments and cause a major moment magnitude (Mw) 7.9 earthquake. Using coseismic slip distribution and geodetic and geological slip rates, we estimate that the failure of barriers and rupture along multiple segments takes place approximately once in 4,000 years. ?? 2009 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature Geoscience","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/ngeo636","issn":"17520894","usgsCitation":"Shen, Z., Sun, J., Zhang, P., Wan, Y., Wang, M., Burgmann, R., Zeng, Y., Gan, W., Liao, H., and Wang, Q., 2009, Slip maxima at fault junctions and rupturing of barriers during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake: Nature Geoscience, v. 2, no. 10, p. 718-724, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo636.","startPage":"718","endPage":"724","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216476,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo636"},{"id":244347,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b914ae4b08c986b31980b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shen, Z.-K.","contributorId":97262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shen","given":"Z.-K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sun, Jielun","contributorId":33443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sun","given":"Jielun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhang, P.","contributorId":92822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wan, Y.","contributorId":51519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wan","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wang, M.","contributorId":98810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Burgmann, R.","contributorId":10167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burgmann","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zeng, Y.","contributorId":23759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeng","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gan, Weijun","contributorId":33083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gan","given":"Weijun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Liao, H.","contributorId":42752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liao","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wang, Q.","contributorId":83761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Q.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70036562,"text":"70036562 - 2009 - Uniform California earthquake rupture forecast, version 2 (UCERF 2)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036562","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Uniform California earthquake rupture forecast, version 2 (UCERF 2)","docAbstract":"The 2007 Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities (WGCEP, 2007) presents the Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast, Version 2 (UCERF 2). This model comprises a time-independent (Poisson-process) earthquake rate model, developed jointly with the National Seismic Hazard Mapping Program and a time-dependent earthquake-probability model, based on recent earthquake rates and stress-renewal statistics conditioned on the date of last event. The models were developed from updated statewide earthquake catalogs and fault deformation databases using a uniform methodology across all regions and implemented in the modular, extensible Open Seismic Hazard Analysis framework. The rate model satisfies integrating measures of deformation across the plate-boundary zone and is consistent with historical seismicity data. An overprediction of earthquake rates found at intermediate magnitudes (6.5 ??? M ???7.0) in previous models has been reduced to within the 95% confidence bounds of the historical earthquake catalog. A logic tree with 480 branches represents the epistemic uncertainties of the full time-dependent model. The mean UCERF 2 time-dependent probability of one or more M ???6.7 earthquakes in the California region during the next 30 yr is 99.7%; this probability decreases to 46% for M ???7.5 and to 4.5% for M ???8.0. These probabilities do not include the Cascadia subduction zone, largely north of California, for which the estimated 30 yr, M ???8.0 time-dependent probability is 10%. The M ???6.7 probabilities on major strike-slip faults are consistent with the WGCEP (2003) study in the San Francisco Bay Area and the WGCEP (1995) study in southern California, except for significantly lower estimates along the San Jacinto and Elsinore faults, owing to provisions for larger multisegment ruptures. Important model limitations are discussed.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120080049","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Field, E.H., Dawson, T.E., Felzer, K., Frankel, A., Gupta, V., Jordan, T., Parsons, T., Petersen, M., Stein, R., Weldon, R.J., and Wills, C., 2009, Uniform California earthquake rupture forecast, version 2 (UCERF 2): Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 99, no. 4, p. 2053-2107, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120080049.","startPage":"2053","endPage":"2107","numberOfPages":"55","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217840,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120080049"},{"id":245812,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"99","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbc7fe4b08c986b328c72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Field, E. H.","contributorId":86915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dawson, T. E.","contributorId":84537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Felzer, K.R.","contributorId":47562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Felzer","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Frankel, A.D.","contributorId":53828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frankel","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gupta, V.","contributorId":10959,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gupta","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jordan, T.H.","contributorId":83320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordan","given":"T.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Parsons, T.","contributorId":48288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Petersen, M.D.","contributorId":51319,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Petersen","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Stein, R.S.","contributorId":8875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Weldon, R. J.","contributorId":44571,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weldon","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wills, C.J.","contributorId":91275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wills","given":"C.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70036615,"text":"70036615 - 2009 - Regional estimates of reef carbonate dynamics and productivity Using Landsat 7 ETM+, and potential impacts from ocean acidification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:01","indexId":"70036615","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional estimates of reef carbonate dynamics and productivity Using Landsat 7 ETM+, and potential impacts from ocean acidification","docAbstract":"Using imagery at 30 m spatial resolution from the most recent Landsat satellite, the Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), we scale up reef metabolic productivity and calcification from local habitat-scale (10 -1 to 100 km2) measurements to regional scales (103 to 104 km2). Distribution and spatial extent of the North Florida Reef Tract (NFRT) habitats come from supervised classification of the Landsat imagery within independent Landsat-derived Millennium Coral Reef Map geomorphologic classes. This system minimizes the depth range and variability of benthic habitat characteristics found in the area of supervised classification and limits misclassification. Classification of Landsat imagery into 5 biotopes (sand, dense live cover, sparse live cover, seagrass, and sparse seagrass) by geomorphologic class is >73% accurate at regional scales. Based on recently published habitat-scale in situ metabolic measurements, gross production (P = 3.01 ?? 109 kg C yr -1), excess production (E = -5.70 ?? 108 kg C yr -1), and calcification (G = -1.68 ?? 106 kg CaCO 3 yr-1) are estimated over 2711 km2 of the NFRT. Simple models suggest sensitivity of these values to ocean acidification, which will increase local dissolution of carbonate sediments. Similar approaches could be applied over large areas with poorly constrained bathymetry or water column properties and minimal metabolic sampling. This tool has potential applications for modeling and monitoring large-scale environmental impacts on reef productivity, such as the influence of ocean acidification on coral reef environments. ?? Inter-Research 2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3354/meps07920","issn":"01718630","usgsCitation":"Moses, C., Andrefouet, S., Kranenburg, C., and Muller-Karger, F., 2009, Regional estimates of reef carbonate dynamics and productivity Using Landsat 7 ETM+, and potential impacts from ocean acidification: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 380, p. 103-115, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps07920.","startPage":"103","endPage":"115","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487884,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps07920","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245630,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217671,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps07920"}],"volume":"380","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a4c6e4b0e8fec6cdbc63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moses, C.S.","contributorId":47617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moses","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andrefouet, S.","contributorId":43134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrefouet","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kranenburg, C.","contributorId":88585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kranenburg","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Muller-Karger, F. E.","contributorId":84542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muller-Karger","given":"F. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036617,"text":"70036617 - 2009 - Quantifying sub-pixel urban impervious surface through fusion of optical and inSAR imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-03T13:42:28.943058","indexId":"70036617","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1722,"text":"GIScience and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying sub-pixel urban impervious surface through fusion of optical and inSAR imagery","docAbstract":"In this study, we explored the potential to improve urban impervious surface modeling and mapping with the synergistic use of optical and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) imagery. We used a Classification and Regression Tree (CART)-based approach to test the feasibility and accuracy of quantifying Impervious Surface Percentage (ISP) using four spectral bands of SPOT 5 high-resolution geometric (HRG) imagery and three parameters derived from the European Remote Sensing (ERS)-2 Single Look Complex (SLC) SAR image pair. Validated by an independent ISP reference dataset derived from the 33 cm-resolution digital aerial photographs, results show that the addition of InSAR data reduced the ISP modeling error rate from 15.5% to 12.9% and increased the correlation coefficient from 0.71 to 0.77. Spatially, the improvement is especially noted in areas of vacant land and bare ground, which were incorrectly mapped as urban impervious surfaces when using the optical remote sensing data. In addition, the accuracy of ISP prediction using InSAR images alone is only marginally less than that obtained by using SPOT imagery. The finding indicates the potential of using InSAR data for frequent monitoring of urban settings located in cloud-prone areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.2747/1548-1603.46.2.161","issn":"15481603","usgsCitation":"Yang, L., Jiang, L., Lin, H., and Liao, M., 2009, Quantifying sub-pixel urban impervious surface through fusion of optical and inSAR imagery: GIScience and Remote Sensing, v. 46, no. 2, p. 161-171, https://doi.org/10.2747/1548-1603.46.2.161.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"171","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":383721,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"China","city":"Hong Kong","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 113.79638671875,\n 22.111088065307705\n ],\n [\n 114.47753906249999,\n 22.111088065307705\n ],\n [\n 114.47753906249999,\n 22.598797546832557\n ],\n [\n 113.79638671875,\n 22.598797546832557\n ],\n [\n 113.79638671875,\n 22.111088065307705\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91dfe4b0c8380cd804fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yang, L.","contributorId":6200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jiang, L.","contributorId":107530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jiang","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lin, H.","contributorId":17854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liao, M.","contributorId":86600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liao","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036629,"text":"70036629 - 2009 - Assessment of lake sensitivity to acidic deposition in national parks of the Rocky Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-25T14:19:24","indexId":"70036629","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of lake sensitivity to acidic deposition in national parks of the Rocky Mountains","docAbstract":"The sensitivity of high-elevation lakes to acidic deposition was evaluated in five national parks of the Rocky Mountains based on statistical relations between lake acid-neutralizing capacity concentrations and basin characteristics. Acid-neutralizing capacity (ANC) of 151 lakes sampled during synoptic surveys and basin-characteristic information derived from geographic information system (GIS) data sets were used to calibrate the statistical models. The explanatory basin variables that were considered included topographic parameters, bedrock type, and vegetation type. A logistic regression model was developed, and modeling results were cross-validated through lake sampling during fall 2004 at 58 lakes. The model was applied to lake basins greater than 1 ha in area in Glacier National Park (n = 244 lakes), Grand Teton National Park (n = 106 lakes), Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve (n = 11 lakes), Rocky Mountain National Park (n = 114 lakes), and Yellowstone National Park (n = 294 lakes). Lakes that had a high probability of having an ANC concentration <100 μeq/L, and therefore sensitive to acidic deposition, are located in basins with elevations >3000 m, with <30% of the catchment having northeast aspect and with >80% of the catchment bedrock having low buffering capacity. The modeling results indicate that the most sensitive lakes are located in Rocky Mountain National Park and Grand Teton National Park. This technique for evaluating the lake sensitivity to acidic deposition is useful for designing long-term monitoring plans and is potentially transferable to other remote mountain areas of the United States and the world.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Ithaca, NY","doi":"10.1890/07-1091.1","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Nanus, L., Williams, M., Campbell, K., Tonnessen, K., Blett, T., and Clow, D.W., 2009, Assessment of lake sensitivity to acidic deposition in national parks of the Rocky Mountains: Ecological Applications, v. 19, no. 4, p. 961-973, https://doi.org/10.1890/07-1091.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"961","endPage":"973","costCenters":[{"id":639,"text":"Water Resources of the United States","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476299,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/07-1091.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217845,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/07-1091.1"},{"id":245817,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado;Idaho;Montana;Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Glacier National Park;Grand Teton National Park;Great Sand Dunes National Park And Preserve;Rocky Mountain National Park;Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.48,37.66 ], [ -114.48,49.0 ], [ -105.43,49.0 ], [ -105.43,37.66 ], [ -114.48,37.66 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"19","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee3ce4b0c8380cd49c3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nanus, L.","contributorId":83239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nanus","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, M.W.","contributorId":15565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Campbell, K.","contributorId":63351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Campbell","given":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":47665,"text":"St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":457066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tonnessen, K.A.","contributorId":30196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tonnessen","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blett, T.","contributorId":67828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blett","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Clow, D. W.","contributorId":23531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70036631,"text":"70036631 - 2009 - Airborne gamma-ray and magnetic anomaly signatures of serpentinite in relation to soil geochemistry, northern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:08","indexId":"70036631","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Airborne gamma-ray and magnetic anomaly signatures of serpentinite in relation to soil geochemistry, northern California","docAbstract":"Serpentinized ultramafic rocks and associated soils in northern California are characterized by high concentrations of Cr and Ni, low levels of radioelements (K, Th, and U) and high amounts of ferrimagnetic minerals (primarily magnetite). Geophysical attributes over ultramafic rocks, which include airborne gamma-ray and magnetic anomaly data, are quantified and provide indirect measurements on the relative abundance of radioelements and magnetic minerals, respectively. Attributes are defined through a statistical modeling approach and the results are portrayed as probabilities in chart and map form. Two predictive models are presented, including one derived from the aeromagnetic anomaly data and one from a combination of the airborne K, Th and U gamma-ray data. Both models distinguish preferential values within the aerogeophysical data that coincide with mapped and potentially unmapped ultramafic rocks. The magnetic predictive model shows positive probabilities associated with magnetic anomaly highs and, to a lesser degree, anomaly lows, which accurately locate many known ultramafic outcrops, but more interestingly, locate potentially unmapped ultramafic rocks, possible extensions of ultramafic bodies that dip into the shallow subsurface, as well as prospective buried ultramafic rocks. The airborne radiometric model shows positive probabilities in association with anomalously low gamma radiation measurements over ultramafic rock, which is similar to that produced by gabbro, metavolcanic rock, and water bodies. All of these features share the characteristic of being depleted in K, Th and U. Gabbro is the only rock type in the study area that shares similar magnetic properties with the ultramafic rock. The aerogeophysical model results are compared to the distribution of ultramafic outcrops and to Cr, Ni, K, Th and U concentrations and magnetic susceptibility measurements from soil samples. Analysis of the soil data indicates high positive correlation between magnetic susceptibilities and concentration of Cr and Ni. Although the study focused on characterizing the geophysical properties of ultramafic rocks and associated soils, it has also yielded information on other rock types in addition to ultramafic rocks, which can also locally host naturally-occurring asbestos; specifically, gabbro and metavolcanic rocks.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.04.007","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"McCafferty, A.E., and Van Gosen, B.S., 2009, Airborne gamma-ray and magnetic anomaly signatures of serpentinite in relation to soil geochemistry, northern California: Applied Geochemistry, v. 24, no. 8, p. 1524-1537, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.04.007.","startPage":"1524","endPage":"1537","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245395,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217446,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.04.007"}],"volume":"24","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e920e4b0c8380cd480f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCafferty, A. E.","contributorId":93499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCafferty","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Gosen, B. S. 0000-0003-4214-3811","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4214-3811","contributorId":97907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Gosen","given":"B.","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036632,"text":"70036632 - 2009 - Size distribution of submarine landslides along the U.S. Atlantic margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T10:02:23","indexId":"70036632","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Size distribution of submarine landslides along the U.S. Atlantic margin","docAbstract":"Assessment of the probability for destructive landslide-generated tsunamis depends on the knowledge of the number, size, and frequency of large submarine landslides. This paper investigates the size distribution of submarine landslides along the U.S. Atlantic continental slope and rise using the size of the landslide source regions (landslide failure scars). Landslide scars along the margin identified in a detailed bathymetric Digital Elevation Model (DEM) have areas that range between 0.89??km2 and 2410??km2 and volumes between 0.002??km3 and 179??km3. The area to volume relationship of these failure scars is almost linear (inverse power-law exponent close to 1), suggesting a fairly uniform failure thickness of a few 10s of meters in each event, with only rare, deep excavating landslides. The cumulative volume distribution of the failure scars is very well described by a log-normal distribution rather than by an inverse power-law, the most commonly used distribution for both subaerial and submarine landslides. A log-normal distribution centered on a volume of 0.86??km3 may indicate that landslides preferentially mobilize a moderate amount of material (on the order of 1??km3), rather than large landslides or very small ones. Alternatively, the log-normal distribution may reflect an inverse power law distribution modified by a size-dependent probability of observing landslide scars in the bathymetry data. If the latter is the case, an inverse power-law distribution with an exponent of 1.3 ?? 0.3, modified by a size-dependent conditional probability of identifying more failure scars with increasing landslide size, fits the observed size distribution. This exponent value is similar to the predicted exponent of 1.2 ?? 0.3 for subaerial landslides in unconsolidated material. Both the log-normal and modified inverse power-law distributions of the observed failure scar volumes suggest that large landslides, which have the greatest potential to generate damaging tsunamis, occur infrequently along the margin. ?? 2008 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2008.08.007","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Chaytor, J., ten Brink, U., Solow, A., and Andrews, B., 2009, Size distribution of submarine landslides along the U.S. Atlantic margin: Marine Geology, v. 264, no. 1-2, p. 16-27, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2008.08.007.","startPage":"16","endPage":"27","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245424,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217474,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2008.08.007"}],"volume":"264","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b911ae4b08c986b319769","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chaytor, J.D.","contributorId":80936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaytor","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":457075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Solow, A.R.","contributorId":9404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solow","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Andrews, B.D.","contributorId":87737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"B.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70035915,"text":"70035915 - 2009 - Understanding CO2 Plume Behavior and Basin-Scale Pressure Changes during Sequestration Projects through the use of Reservoir Fluid Modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:49","indexId":"70035915","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Understanding CO2 Plume Behavior and Basin-Scale Pressure Changes during Sequestration Projects through the use of Reservoir Fluid Modeling","docAbstract":"Large scale geologic sequestration tests are in the planning stages around the world. The liability and safety issues of the migration of CO2 away from the primary injection site and/or reservoir are of significant concerns for these sequestration tests. Reservoir models for simulating single or multi-phase fluid flow are used to understand the migration of CO2 in the subsurface. These models can also help evaluate concerns related to brine migration and basin-scale pressure increases that occur due to the injection of additional fluid volumes into the subsurface. The current paper presents different modeling examples addressing these issues, ranging from simple geometric models to more complex reservoir fluid models with single-site and basin-scale applications. Simple geometric models assuming a homogeneous geologic reservoir and piston-like displacement have been used for understanding pressure changes and fluid migration around each CO2 storage site. These geometric models are useful only as broad approximations because they do not account for the variation in porosity, permeability, asymmetry of the reservoir, and dip of the beds. In addition, these simple models are not capable of predicting the interference between different injection sites within the same reservoir. A more realistic model of CO2 plume behavior can be produced using reservoir fluid models. Reservoir simulation of natural gas storage reservoirs in the Illinois Basin Cambrian-age Mt. Simon Sandstone suggest that reservoir heterogeneity will be an important factor for evaluating storage capacity. The Mt. Simon Sandstone is a thick sandstone that underlies many significant coal fired power plants (emitting at least 1 million tonnes per year) in the midwestern United States including the states of Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, and Ohio. The initial commercial sequestration sites are expected to inject 1 to 2 million tonnes of CO2 per year. Depending on the geologic structure and permeability anisotropy, the CO2 injected into the Mt. Simon are expected to migrate less than 3 km. After 30 years of continuous injection followed by 100 years of shut-in, the plume from a 1 million tonnes a year injection rate is expected to migrate 1.6 km for a 0 degree dip reservoir and over 3 km for a 5 degree dip reservoir. The region where reservoir pressure increases in response to CO2 injection is typically much larger than the CO2 plume. It can thus be anticipated that there will be basin wide interactions between different CO2 injection sources if multiple, large volume sites are developed. This interaction will result in asymmetric plume migration that may be contrary to reservoir dip. A basin- scale simulation model is being developed to predict CO2 plume migration, brine displacement, and pressure buildup for a possible future sequestration scenario featuring multiple CO2 storage sites within the Illinois Basin Mt. Simon Sandstone. Interactions between different sites will be evaluated with respect to impacts on pressure and CO2 plume migration patterns. ?? 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkTitle":"Energy Procedia","conferenceTitle":"9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies, GHGT-9","conferenceDate":"16 November 2008 through 20 November 2008","conferenceLocation":"Washington DC","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.egypro.2009.01.235","issn":"18766102","usgsCitation":"Leetaru, H., Frailey, S., Damico, J., Mehnert, E., Birkholzer, J., Zhou, Q., and Jordan, P., 2009, Understanding CO2 Plume Behavior and Basin-Scale Pressure Changes during Sequestration Projects through the use of Reservoir Fluid Modeling, in Energy Procedia, v. 1, no. 1, Washington DC, 16 November 2008 through 20 November 2008, p. 1799-1806, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2009.01.235.","startPage":"1799","endPage":"1806","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476357,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2009.01.235","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":216176,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2009.01.235"},{"id":244027,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbc48e4b08c986b328b3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leetaru, H.E.","contributorId":47123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leetaru","given":"H.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frailey, S.M.","contributorId":93263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frailey","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Damico, J.","contributorId":86196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Damico","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mehnert, E.","contributorId":64830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mehnert","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Birkholzer, J.","contributorId":84590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birkholzer","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zhou, Q. 0000-0002-1282-8177","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1282-8177","contributorId":93164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhou","given":"Q.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jordan, P.D.","contributorId":75782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordan","given":"P.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70034127,"text":"70034127 - 2009 - Sources, sinks, and spatial ecology of cotton mice in longleaf pine stands undergoing restoration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:44","indexId":"70034127","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sources, sinks, and spatial ecology of cotton mice in longleaf pine stands undergoing restoration","docAbstract":"The Fire and Fire Surrogate studya replicated, manipulative experimentsought the most economically and ecologically efficient way to restore the nation's fire-maintained ecosystems. As part of this study, we conducted a 3-year markrecapture study, comprising 105,000 trap-nights, to assess demographic responses of cotton mice (Peromyscus gossypinus) to Fire and Fire Surrogate treatments at the Gulf Coastal Plain site, where longleaf pine was the ecosystem to be restored. We compared competing models to evaluate restoration effects on variation in apparent survival and recruitment over time, space, and treatment, and incorporated measures of available source habitat for cotton mice with reverse-time modeling to infer immigration from outside the study area. The top-ranked survival model contained only variation over time, but the closely ranked 2nd and 3rd models included variation over space and treatment, respectively. The top 4 recruitment models all included effects for availability of source habitat and treatments. Burning appeared to degrade habitat quality for cotton mice, showing demographic characteristics of a sink, but treatments combining fire with thinning of trees or application of herbicide to the understory appeared to improve habitat quality, possibly creating sources. Bottomland hardwoods outside the study also acted as sources by providing immigrants to experimental units. Models suggested that population dynamics operated over multiple spatial scales. Treatments applied to 15-ha stands probably only caused local variation in vital rates within the larger population. ?? 2009 American Society of Mammalogists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Mammalogy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1644/08-MAMM-A-064R2.1","issn":"00222372","usgsCitation":"Sharp, N., Mitchell, M., and Grand, J., 2009, Sources, sinks, and spatial ecology of cotton mice in longleaf pine stands undergoing restoration: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 90, no. 6, p. 1440-1448, https://doi.org/10.1644/08-MAMM-A-064R2.1.","startPage":"1440","endPage":"1448","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476239,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1644/08-mamm-a-064r2.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":216815,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1644/08-MAMM-A-064R2.1"},{"id":244709,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b93abe4b08c986b31a60a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sharp, N.W.","contributorId":12294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharp","given":"N.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mitchell, M.S.","contributorId":26724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grand, J.B.","contributorId":11150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grand","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70034130,"text":"70034130 - 2009 - Distribution and postbreeding environmental relationships of Northern leopard frogs (Rana [Lithobates] pipiens) in Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:44","indexId":"70034130","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3746,"text":"Western North American Naturalist","onlineIssn":"1944-8341","printIssn":"1527-0904","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution and postbreeding environmental relationships of Northern leopard frogs (Rana [Lithobates] pipiens) in Washington","docAbstract":"Northern leopard frogs (Rana [Lithobates] pipiens) are considered sensitive, threatened, or endangered in all western states and western Canadian provinces. Historically present in eastern Washington in 6 major river drainages, leopard frogs are now only known to occur at 2 localized areas in the Crab Creek drainage in Grant County. During the summers of 2002-2005, we surveyed both areas to document extent of leopard frog distributions and to describe habitat and vertebrate community characteristics associated with leopard frog site occupancy. At Gloyd Seeps, 2 juvenile leopard frogs were observed in a total of 8.2 person-days of searching along a 5-km stream reach. At Potholes Reservoir, we surveyed 243 wetland sites in 7 management units known to have been occupied by leopard frogs during the 1980s. We confirmed leopard frog presence at only 87 sites (36%) in 4 management units. Site occupancy models for individual ponds indicated that, compared to unoccupied sites, occupied sites had slightly greater pond depths, less tall emergent vegetation, more herbaceous vegetative cover, and fewer neighboring ponds containing nonnative predatory fish. Models developed at the 1-km2 scale indicated that occupied areas had greater average midsummer pond depths, fewer ponds occupied by bullfrogs (Rana [Lithobates] catesbeiana) and carp (Cyprinus carpio), and more herbaceous vegetation surrounding ponds. The Gloyd Seeps population now appears defunct, and the Potholes Reservoir population is in sharp decline. Unless management actions are taken to reduce nonnative fish and bullfrogs and to enhance wetland vegetation, leopard frogs may soon be extirpated from both sites and possibly, therefore, from Washington.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Western North American Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3398/064.069.0413","issn":"15270904","usgsCitation":"Germaine, S., and Hays, D., 2009, Distribution and postbreeding environmental relationships of Northern leopard frogs (Rana [Lithobates] pipiens) in Washington: Western North American Naturalist, v. 69, no. 4, p. 537-547, https://doi.org/10.3398/064.069.0413.","startPage":"537","endPage":"547","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":502637,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan/vol69/iss4/13","text":"External Repository"},{"id":216873,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3398/064.069.0413"},{"id":244771,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a029ce4b0c8380cd50116","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Germaine, S.S.","contributorId":101525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Germaine","given":"S.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hays, D.W.","contributorId":70967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hays","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70035907,"text":"70035907 - 2009 - NOAA/West coast and Alaska Tsunami warning center Atlantic Ocean response criteria","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-28T13:59:53","indexId":"70035907","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3351,"text":"Science of Tsunami Hazards","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"NOAA/West coast and Alaska Tsunami warning center Atlantic Ocean response criteria","docAbstract":"West Coast/Alaska Tsunami Warning Center (WCATWC) response criteria for earthquakesoccurring in the Atlantic and Caribbean basins are presented. Initial warning center decisions are based on an earthquake's location, magnitude, depth, distance from coastal locations, and precomputed threat estimates based on tsunami models computed from similar events. The new criteria will help limit the geographical extent of warnings and advisories to threatened regions, and complement the new operational tsunami product suite. Criteria are set for tsunamis generated by earthquakes, which are by far the main cause of tsunami generation (either directly through sea floor displacement or indirectly by triggering of sub-sea landslides).The new criteria require development of a threat data base which sets warning or advisory zones based on location, magnitude, and pre-computed tsunami models. The models determine coastal tsunami amplitudes based on likely tsunami source parameters for a given event. Based on the computed amplitude, warning and advisory zones are pre-set.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of Tsunami Hazards","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"the Tsunami Society","issn":"87556839","usgsCitation":"Whitmore, P., Refidaff, C., Caropolo, M., Huerfano-Moreno, V., Knight, W., Sammler, W., and Sandrik, A., 2009, NOAA/West coast and Alaska Tsunami warning center Atlantic Ocean response criteria: Science of Tsunami Hazards, v. 28, no. 2, p. 86-107.","startPage":"86","endPage":"107","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244373,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268566,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://library.lanl.gov/tsunami/ts282.pdf"}],"volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a614ee4b0c8380cd718e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitmore, P.","contributorId":93186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitmore","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Refidaff, C.","contributorId":53625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Refidaff","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caropolo, M.","contributorId":73850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caropolo","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Huerfano-Moreno, V.","contributorId":40447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huerfano-Moreno","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Knight, W.","contributorId":22992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sammler, W.","contributorId":101489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sammler","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sandrik, A.","contributorId":27706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandrik","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70034155,"text":"70034155 - 2009 - International year of planet earth 7. Oceans, submarine land-slides and consequent tsunamis in Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:45","indexId":"70034155","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1813,"text":"Geoscience Canada","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"International year of planet earth 7. Oceans, submarine land-slides and consequent tsunamis in Canada","docAbstract":"Canada has the longest coastline and largest continental margin of any nation in the World. As a result, it is more likely than other nations to experience marine geohazards such as submarine landslides and consequent tsunamis. Coastal landslides represent a specific threat because of their possible proximity to societal infrastructure and high tsunami potential; they occur without warning and with little time lag between failure and tsunami impact. Continental margin landslides are common in the geologic record but rare on human timescales. Some ancient submarine landslides are massive but more recent events indicate that even relatively small slides on continental margins can generate devastating tsunamis. Tsunami impact can occur hundreds of km away from the source event, and with less than 2 hours warning. Identification of high-potential submarine landslide regions, combined with an understanding of landslide and tsunami processes and sophisticated tsunami propagation models, are required to identify areas at high risk of impact.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geoscience Canada","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"03150941","usgsCitation":"Mosher, D.C., 2009, International year of planet earth 7. Oceans, submarine land-slides and consequent tsunamis in Canada: Geoscience Canada, v. 36, no. 4, p. 179-190.","startPage":"179","endPage":"190","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244644,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3d49e4b0c8380cd6344e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mosher, D. C.","contributorId":57689,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mosher","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70033999,"text":"70033999 - 2009 - Water balance dynamics in the Nile Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-05T11:19:47","indexId":"70033999","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water balance dynamics in the Nile Basin","docAbstract":"Understanding the temporal and spatial dynamics of key water balance components of the Nile River will provide important information for the management of its water resources. This study used satellite-derived rainfall and other key weather variables derived from the Global Data Assimilation System to estimate and map the distribution of rainfall, actual evapotranspiration (ETa), and runoff. Daily water balance components were modelled in a grid-cell environment at 0·1 degree (∼10 km) spatial resolution for 7 years from 2001 through 2007. Annual maps of the key water balance components and derived variables such as runoff and ETa as a percent of rainfall were produced. Generally, the spatial patterns of rainfall and ETa indicate high values in the upstream watersheds (Uganda, southern Sudan, and southwestern Ethiopia) and low values in the downstream watersheds. However, runoff as a percent of rainfall is much higher in the Ethiopian highlands around the Blue Nile subwatershed. The analysis also showed the possible impact of land degradation in the Ethiopian highlands in reducing ETa magnitudes despite the availability of sufficient rainfall. Although the model estimates require field validation for the different subwatersheds, the runoff volume estimate for the Blue Nile subwatershed is within 7·0% of a figure reported from an earlier study. Further research is required for a thorough validation of the results and their integration with ecohydrologic models for better management of water and land resources in the various Nile Basin ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.7364","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Senay, G.B., Asante, K., and Artan, G.A., 2009, Water balance dynamics in the Nile Basin: Hydrological Processes, v. 23, no. 26, p. 3675-3681, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7364.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"3675","endPage":"3681","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244730,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216834,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7364"}],"volume":"23","issue":"26","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-08-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc7c2e4b08c986b32c5f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539 senay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":3114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","email":"senay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":443581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Asante, Kwabena 0000-0001-5408-1852","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5408-1852","contributorId":65948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asante","given":"Kwabena","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Artan, Guleid A. 0000-0001-8409-6182 gartan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8409-6182","contributorId":2938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Artan","given":"Guleid","email":"gartan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":443582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036737,"text":"70036737 - 2009 - Comparison of monkeypox viruses pathogenesis in mice by in vivo imaging","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-21T11:36:39","indexId":"70036737","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of monkeypox viruses pathogenesis in mice by in vivo imaging","docAbstract":"Monkeypox viruses (MPXV) cause human monkeypox, a zoonotic smallpox-like disease endemic to Africa, and are of worldwide public health and biodefense concern. Using viruses from the Congo (MPXV-2003-Congo-358) and West African (MPXV-2003-USA-044) clades, we constructed recombinant viruses that express the luciferase gene (MPXV-Congo/Luc+and MPXV-USA-Luc+) and compared their viral infection in mice by biophotonic imaging. BALB/c mice became infected by both MPXV clades, but they recovered and cleared the infection within 10 days post-infection (PI). However, infection in severe combined immune deficient (SCID) BALB/c mice resulted in 100% lethality. Intraperitoneal (IP) injection of both MPXV-Congo and MPXV-Congo/Luc+resulted in a systemic clinical disease and the same mean time-to-death at 9 (??0) days post-infection. Likewise, IP injection of SCID-BALB/c mice with MPXV-USA or the MPXV-USA-Luc+, resulted in similar disease but longer (P<0.05) mean time-to-death (11??0 days) for both viruses compared to the Congo strains. Imaging studies in SCID mice showed luminescence in the abdomen within 24 hours PI with subsequent spread elsewhere. Animals infected with the MPXV-USA/Luc+had less intense luminescence in tissues than those inoculated with MPXV-Congo/Luc+, and systemic spread of the MPXV-USA/Luc+virus occurred approximately two days later than the MPXV-Congo/Luc+. The ovary was an important target for viral replication as evidenced by the high viral titers and immunohistochemistry. These studies demonstrate the suitability of a mouse model and biophotonic imaging to compare the disease progression and tissue tropism of MPX viruses.","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0006592","issn":"19326203","usgsCitation":"Osorio, J., Iams, K.P., Meteyer, C.U., and Rocke, T.E., 2009, Comparison of monkeypox viruses pathogenesis in mice by in vivo imaging: PLoS ONE, v. 4, no. 8, e6592; 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0006592.","productDescription":"e6592; 10 p.","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476241,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0006592","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245581,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217624,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0006592"}],"volume":"4","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-08-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f878e4b0c8380cd4d11a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Osorio, Jorge E.","contributorId":50392,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Osorio","given":"Jorge E.","affiliations":[{"id":13052,"text":"Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":457580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iams, Keith P.","contributorId":81343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iams","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meteyer, Carol U. 0000-0002-4007-3410 cmeteyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4007-3410","contributorId":111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meteyer","given":"Carol","email":"cmeteyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"U.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":457581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rocke, Tonie E. 0000-0003-3933-1563 trocke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-1563","contributorId":2665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocke","given":"Tonie","email":"trocke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70034180,"text":"70034180 - 2009 - Estimating transition probabilities among everglades wetland communities using multistate models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:46","indexId":"70034180","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating transition probabilities among everglades wetland communities using multistate models","docAbstract":"In this study we were able to provide the first estimates of transition probabilities of wet prairie and slough vegetative communities in Water Conservation Area 3A (WCA3A) of the Florida Everglades and to identify the hydrologic variables that determine these transitions. These estimates can be used in management models aimed at restoring proportions of wet prairie and slough habitats to historical levels in the Everglades. To determine what was driving the transitions between wet prairie and slough communities we evaluated three hypotheses: seasonality, impoundment, and wet and dry year cycles using likelihood-based multistate models to determine the main driver of wet prairie conversion in WCA3A. The most parsimonious model included the effect of wet and dry year cycles on vegetative community conversions. Several ecologists have noted wet prairie conversion in southern WCA3A but these are the first estimates of transition probabilities among these community types. In addition, to being useful for management of the Everglades we believe that our framework can be used to address management questions in other ecosystems. ?? 2009 The Society of Wetland Scientists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1672/09-014S.1","issn":"02775212","usgsCitation":"Hotaling, A., Martin, J., and Kitchens, W., 2009, Estimating transition probabilities among everglades wetland communities using multistate models: Wetlands, v. 29, no. 4, p. 1224-1233, https://doi.org/10.1672/09-014S.1.","startPage":"1224","endPage":"1233","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216606,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1672/09-014S.1"},{"id":244486,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b68e4b0c8380cd526e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hotaling, A.S.","contributorId":102297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hotaling","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, J.","contributorId":18871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kitchens, W.M.","contributorId":87647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kitchens","given":"W.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036740,"text":"70036740 - 2009 - On the use of high-resolution topographic data as a proxy for seismic site conditions (VS30)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:58","indexId":"70036740","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the use of high-resolution topographic data as a proxy for seismic site conditions (VS30)","docAbstract":"An alternative method has recently been proposed for evaluating global seismic site conditions, or the average shear velocity to 30 m depth (VS30), from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) 30 arcsec digital elevation models (DEMs). The basic premise of the method is that the topographic slope can be used as a reliable proxy for VS30 in the absence of geologically and geotechnically based site-condition maps through correlations between VS30 measurements and topographic gradient. Here we evaluate the use of higher-resolution (3 and 9 arcsec) DEMs to examine whether we are able to resolve VS30 in more detail than can be achieved using the lower-resolution SRTM data. High-quality DEMs at resolutions greater than 30 arcsec are not uniformly available at the global scale. However, in many regions where such data exist, they may be employed to resolve finer-scale variations in topographic gradient, and consequently, VS30. We use the U.S. Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Data Center's National Elevation Dataset (NED) to investigate the use of high-resolution DEMs for estimating VS30 in several regions across the United States, including the San Francisco Bay area in California, Los Angeles, California, and St. Louis, Missouri. We compare these results with an example from Taipei, Taiwan, that uses 9 arcsec SRTM data, which are globally available. The use of higher-resolution NED data recovers finer-scale variations in topographic gradient, which better correlate to geological and geomorphic features, in particular, at the transition between hills and basins, warranting their use over 30 arcsec SRTM data where available. However, statistical analyses indicate little to no improvement over lower-resolution topography when compared to VS30 measurements, suggesting that some topographic smoothing may provide more stable VS30 estimates. Furthermore, we find that elevation variability in canopy-based SRTM measurements at resolutions greater than 30 arcsec are too large to resolve reliable slopes, particularly in low-gradient sedimentary basins.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120080255","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Allen, T., and Wald, D., 2009, On the use of high-resolution topographic data as a proxy for seismic site conditions (VS30): Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 99, no. 2 A, p. 935-943, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120080255.","startPage":"935","endPage":"943","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245611,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217654,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120080255"}],"volume":"99","issue":"2 A","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6e0ae4b0c8380cd75467","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, T.I.","contributorId":6659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"T.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wald, D.J. 0000-0002-1454-4514","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1454-4514","contributorId":43809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wald","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70033228,"text":"70033228 - 2009 - An Alaskan legend","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70033228","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1879,"text":"Hart's E and P","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An Alaskan legend","docAbstract":"Jack Lee is a prominent personality, an Alaskan individualist and a skeptic worthy of remembrance if for no other reason than being inextricably associated with the catastrophic Katmai eruption in 1912. Jack remains a provocative reminder of Alaska's pre-1958 drilling and was quite possibly the earliest observer (excepting natives and possibly Russians) of the oil seeps in the area now encompassed by the Becharof National Wildlife Refuge. His observation of the impressive live oil seeps in the Ugashik and Becharof Lakes area, and his subsequent involvement in the early drilling entirely consumed his future interests. He is a firm believer that individualism and suspicion are powerful tools when forced to reconsider alternatives to readily accepted interpretations of modern exploration results. His individualism and sometimes annoying, but thought-provoking skepticism remains useful in any field where clich??s provide safe guards from new concepts.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hart's E and P","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"15274","usgsCitation":"Mann, H., and Blodgett, R.B., 2009, An Alaskan legend: Hart's E and P, no. JAN.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240858,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"JAN.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e9cfe4b0c8380cd4848b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mann, H.","contributorId":60026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mann","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blodgett, R. B.","contributorId":25176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blodgett","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70033200,"text":"70033200 - 2009 - Exotic plant species associations with horse trails, old roads, and intact native communities in the Missouri Ozarks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-21T20:53:03","indexId":"70033200","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2821,"text":"Natural Areas Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Exotic plant species associations with horse trails, old roads, and intact native communities in the Missouri Ozarks","docAbstract":"We compared the extent to which exotic species are associated with horse trails, old roads, and intact communities within three native vegetation types in Ozark National Scenic Riverways, Missouri. We used a general linear model procedure and a Bonferroni multiple comparison test to compare exotic species richness, exotic to native species ratios, and exotic species percent cover across three usage types (horse trails, old roads, and intact communities) and three community types (river bottoms, upland waterways, and glades). We found that both exotic species richness and the ratio of exotic species to native species were greater in plots located along horse trails than in plots located either in intact native communities or along old roads. Native community types did not differ in the number of exotic species present, but river bottoms had a significantly higher exotic to native species ratio than glades. Continued introduction of exotic plant propagules may explain why horse trails contain more exotic species than other areas in a highly disturbed landscape.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Natural Areas Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Natural Areas Association","doi":"10.3375/043.029.0106","issn":"08858","usgsCitation":"Stroh, E., and Struckhoff, M., 2009, Exotic plant species associations with horse trails, old roads, and intact native communities in the Missouri Ozarks: Natural Areas Journal, v. 29, no. 1, p. 50-56, https://doi.org/10.3375/043.029.0106.","startPage":"50","endPage":"56","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240955,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267923,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3375/043.029.0106"}],"volume":"29","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0db2e4b0c8380cd5314c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stroh, E.D.","contributorId":106717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stroh","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Struckhoff, M.A.","contributorId":84985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Struckhoff","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70033199,"text":"70033199 - 2009 - A Mid-Late Quaternary loess-paleosol record in Simmons Farm in southern Illinois, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:34","indexId":"70033199","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A Mid-Late Quaternary loess-paleosol record in Simmons Farm in southern Illinois, USA","docAbstract":"In unglaciated areas of the Mississippi Valley region, the typical full loess-paleosol succession contains the Modern Soil developed in Peoria Silt, weakly developed Farmdale Geosol developed in Roxana Silt, Sangamon Geosol developed in Loveland Silt, and Yarmouth Geosol developed in Crowley's Ridge Silt. Although a fifth loess called the Marianna Silt is reported at one area, the paleosol that separates the Crowley Ridge and Marianna Silts is not well defined. Previous thermoluminescence (TL) and optical stimulated luminescence (OSL) age chronology has suggested multiple phases of Sangamon Geosol developed in Loveland Silt, but clear morphological evidence of polygenetic Sangamon Geosol profiles have not been found. Recently, a thick loess-paleosol sequence has been studied in the middle Mississippi Valley in unglaciated southern Illinois, USA. Soil morphology and analytical results revealed five loesses and associated paleosol units. Two Sangamon Bt horizons were found separated by a thick ACtk horizon, interpreted to indicate two phases of Sangamon Geosol development. This well-preserved loess-paleosol succession provides one of the most complete mid-late Quaternary loess records in the middle Mississippi Valley to date, and is important for studying the stratigraphic framework and paleoclimate and environment changes. ?? 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Science Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.09.021","issn":"02773","usgsCitation":"Wang, H., Lundstrom, C., Zhang, Z., Grimley, D., and Balsam, W., 2009, A Mid-Late Quaternary loess-paleosol record in Simmons Farm in southern Illinois, USA: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 28, no. 1-2, p. 93-106, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.09.021.","startPage":"93","endPage":"106","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240954,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213339,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.09.021"}],"volume":"28","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e2eae4b0c8380cd45d1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Hongfang","contributorId":92635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Hongfang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lundstrom, C.C.","contributorId":72997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lundstrom","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhang, Z.","contributorId":47505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grimley, D.A.","contributorId":18530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grimley","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Balsam, W.L.","contributorId":18164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balsam","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}