The California Department of Water Resources and Bureau of Reclamation propose new water intake facilities on the Sacramento River in northern California that would convey some of the water for export to areas south of the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta (hereinafter referred to as the Delta) through tunnels rather than through the Delta. The collection of water intakes, tunnels, pumping facilities, associated structures, and proposed operations are collectively referred to as California WaterFix. The water intake facilities, hereinafter referred to as the North Delta Diversion (NDD), are proposed to be located on the Sacramento River downstream of the city of Sacramento and upstream of the first major river junction where Sutter Slough branches from the Sacramento River. The NDD can divert a maximum discharge of 9,000 cubic feet per second (ft3/s) from the Sacramento River, which reduces the amount of Sacramento River inflow into the Delta.
In this report, we conducted three analyses to investigate the effect of the NDD and its proposed operation on entrainment of juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) into Georgiana Slough and the Delta Cross Channel (DCC). Fish that enter the interior Delta (the network of channels to the south of the Sacramento River) through Georgiana Slough and the DCC survive at lower rates than fish that use other migration routes (Sacramento River, Sutter Slough, and Steamboat Slough). Therefore, fisheries managers were concerned about the extent to which operation of the NDD would increase the proportion of the population entering the interior Delta, which, all else being equal, would lower overall survival through the Delta by increasing the fraction of the population subject to lower survival rates. Operation of the NDD would reduce flow in the Sacramento River, which has the potential to increase the magnitude and duration of reverse flows of the Sacramento River downstream of Georgiana Slough.
In the first analysis, we evaluate the effect of the NDD bypass rules on flow reversals of the Sacramento River downstream of Georgiana Slough. The NDD bypass rules are a set of operational criteria designed to minimize upstream transport of fish into Georgiana Slough and the DCC, and were developed based on previous studies showing that the magnitude and duration of flow reversals increase the proportion of fish entering Georgiana Slough and the DCC. We estimated the frequency and duration of reverse-flow conditions of the Sacramento River downstream of Georgiana Slough under each of the prescribed minimum bypass flows described in the NDD bypass rules. To accommodate adaptive levels of protection during different times of year when juvenile salmon are migrating through the Delta, the NDD bypass rules prescribe a series of minimum allowable bypass flows that vary depending on (1) month of the year, and (2) progressively decreasing levels of protection following a pulse flow event.
We determined that the NDD bypass rules increased the frequency and duration of reverse flows of the Sacramento River downstream of Georgiana Slough, with the magnitude of increase varying among scenarios. Constant low-level pumping, the most protective bypass rule that limits diversion to 10 percent of the maximum diversion and is implemented following a pulse-flow event, led to the smallest increase in frequency and duration of flow reversals. In contrast, we found that some scenarios led to sizeable increases in the fraction of the day with reverse flow. The conditions under which the proportion of the day with reverse flow can increase by greater than or equal to 10 percentage points between October and June, when juvenile salmon are present in the Delta, include October–November bypass rules and level-3 post-pulse operations during December–June. These conditions would be expected to increase the proportion of juvenile salmon entering the interior Delta through Georgiana Slough.
In the second analysis, we assessed bias in Delta Simulation Model 2 (DSM2) flow predictions at the junction of the Sacramento River, DCC, and Georgiana Slough. Because DSM2 was being used to simulate California WaterFix operations, understanding the extent of bias relative to USGS streamgages was important since fish routing models were based on flow data at streamgages. We determined that river flow predicted by DSM2 was biased for Georgiana Slough and the Sacramento River. Therefore, for subsequent analysis, we bias-corrected the DSM2 flow predictions using measured stream flows as predictor variables.
In the third analysis, we evaluated the effect of the NDD on the daily probability of fish entering Georgiana Slough and the DCC. We applied an existing model to predict entrainment from 15-minute flow simulations for an 82-year time series of flows simulated by DSM2 under the Proposed Action (PA), where the North Delta Diversion is implemented under California WaterFix, and the No Action Alternative (NAA), where the diversion is not implemented. To estimate the daily fraction of fish entering each river channel, entrainment probabilities were averaged over each day. To evaluate the two scenarios, we then compared mean annual entrainment probabilities by month, water year classification, and three different assumed run timings. Overall, the probability of remaining in the Sacramento River was lower under the PA scenario, but the magnitude of the difference was small (3/s. At flows greater than 41,000 ft3/s, we hypothesize that entrainment into the interior Delta is relatively constant, which would have caused little difference between scenarios at higher flows.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181028","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with National Atmospheric and Oceanic Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service","usgsCitation":"Perry, R.W., Romine, J.G., Pope, A.C., and Evans, S.D., 2018, Effects of the proposed California WaterFix North\nDelta Diversion on flow reversals and entrainment of juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) into\nGeorgiana Slough and the Delta Cross Channel, northern California: U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report\n2018-1028, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181028.","productDescription":"vi, 46 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-077416","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352094,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1028/ofr20181028.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1028"},{"id":352093,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1028/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.53127670288086,\n 38.22449353550286\n ],\n [\n -121.49771690368652,\n 38.22449353550286\n ],\n [\n -121.49771690368652,\n 38.26466948704442\n ],\n [\n -121.53127670288086,\n 38.26466948704442\n ],\n [\n -121.53127670288086,\n 38.22449353550286\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Fisheries Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6505 NE 65th Street
Seattle, Washington 98115
Commonly, one-dimensional (1-D) Earth impedances have been used to calculate the voltages induced across electric power transmission lines during geomagnetic storms under the assumption that much of the three-dimensional structure of the Earth gets smoothed when integrating along power transmission lines. We calculate the voltage across power transmission lines in the mid-Atlantic region with both regional 1-D impedances and 64 empirical 3-D impedances obtained from a magnetotelluric survey. The use of 3-D impedances produces substantially more spatial variance in the calculated voltages, with the voltages being more than an order of magnitude different, both higher and lower, than the voltages calculated utilizing regional 1-D impedances. During the March 1989 geomagnetic storm 62 transmission lines exceed 100 V when utilizing empirical 3-D impedances, whereas 16 transmission lines exceed 100 V when utilizing regional 1-D impedances. This demonstrates the importance of using realistic impedances to understand and quantify the impact that a geomagnetic storm has on power grids.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2017SW001779","usgsCitation":"Lucas, G.M., Love, J.J., and Kelbert, A., 2018, Calculation of voltages in electric power transmission lines during historic geomagnetic storms: An investigation using realistic earth impedances: Space Weather, v. 16, no. 2, p. 185-195, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017SW001779.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"185","endPage":"195","ipdsId":"IP-094106","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468970,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017sw001779","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":352063,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80,\n 35.23664622093195\n ],\n [\n -74.1357421875,\n 35.23664622093195\n ],\n [\n -74.1357421875,\n 41.30257109430557\n ],\n [\n -80,\n 41.30257109430557\n ],\n [\n -80,\n 35.23664622093195\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee715e4b0da30c1bfc0fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lucas, Greg M. 0000-0003-1331-1863","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1331-1863","contributorId":202808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucas","given":"Greg","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Love, Jeffrey J. 0000-0002-3324-0348 jlove@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3324-0348","contributorId":760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jlove@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kelbert, Anna 0000-0003-4395-398X akelbert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4395-398X","contributorId":184053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelbert","given":"Anna","email":"akelbert@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70195681,"text":"70195681 - 2018 - A flatfile of ground motion intensity measurements from induced earthquakes in Oklahoma and Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-26T14:15:34","indexId":"70195681","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A flatfile of ground motion intensity measurements from induced earthquakes in Oklahoma and Kansas","docAbstract":"We have produced a uniformly processed database of orientation-independent (RotD50, RotD100) ground motion intensity measurements containing peak horizontal ground motions (accelerations and velocities) and 5-percent-damped pseudospectral accelerations (0.1–10 s) from more than 3,800 M ≥ 3 earthquakes in Oklahoma and Kansas that occurred between January 2009 and December 2016. Ground motion time series were collected from regional, national, and temporary seismic arrays out to 500 km. We relocated the majority of the earthquake hypocenters using a multiple-event relocation algorithm to produce a set of near-uniformly processed hypocentral locations. Ground motion processing followed standard methods, with the primary objective of reducing the effects of noise on the measurements. Regional wave-propagation features and the high seismicity rate required careful selection of signal windows to ensure that we captured the entire ground motion record and that contaminating signals from extraneous earthquakes did not contribute to the database. Processing was carried out with an automated scheme and resulted in a database comprising more than 174,000 records (https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F73B5X8N). We anticipate that these results will be useful for improved understanding of earthquake ground motions and for seismic hazard applications.
","language":"English","publisher":"EERI","doi":"10.1193/101916EQS175DP","usgsCitation":"Rennolet, S.B., Moschetti, M.P., Thompson, E.M., and Yeck, W.L., 2018, A flatfile of ground motion intensity measurements from induced earthquakes in Oklahoma and Kansas: Earthquake Spectra, v. 34, no. 1, p. 1-20, https://doi.org/10.1193/101916EQS175DP.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"20","ipdsId":"IP-090009","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352062,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas, Oklahoma","volume":"34","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee715e4b0da30c1bfc100","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rennolet, Steven B.","contributorId":197099,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rennolet","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moschetti, Morgan P. 0000-0001-7261-0295 mmoschetti@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7261-0295","contributorId":1662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moschetti","given":"Morgan","email":"mmoschetti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, Eric M. 0000-0002-6943-4806 emthompson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6943-4806","contributorId":146592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Eric","email":"emthompson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":729686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yeck, William L. 0000-0002-2801-8873 wyeck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2801-8873","contributorId":147558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yeck","given":"William","email":"wyeck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70195671,"text":"70195671 - 2018 - The 2013–2016 induced earthquakes in Harper and Sumner Counties, southern Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T13:52:50","indexId":"70195671","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 2013–2016 induced earthquakes in Harper and Sumner Counties, southern Kansas","docAbstract":"We examine the first four years (2013–2016) of the ongoing seismicity in southern Kansas using high‐precision locations derived from a local seismometer network. The earthquakes occur almost exclusively in the shallow crystalline basement, below the wastewater injection horizon of the Arbuckle Group at the base of the sedimentary section. Multiple lines of evidence lead us to conclude that disposal of wastewater from the production of oil and gas by deep injection is the probable cause for the surge of seismicity that began in 2013. First, the seismicity correlates in space and time with the injection. We observe increases in seismicity subsequent to increases in injection and decreases in seismicity in response to decreases in injection. Second, the earthquake‐rate change is statistically improbable to be of natural origin. From 1974 through the time of the injection increase in 2012, no
The loss of wetland habitats and their often-unique biological communities is a major environmental concern. We examined vegetation data obtained from 380 wetlands sampled in a statistical survey of wetlands in the USA. Our goal was to identify which surrounding land cover types best predict two indices of vegetation quality in wetlands at the regional scale. We considered palustrine wetlands in four regions (Coastal Plains, North Central East, Interior Plains, and West) in which the dominant vegetation was emergent, forested, or scrub-shrub. For each wetland, we calculated weighted proportions of eight land cover types surrounding the area in which vegetation was assessed, in four zones radiating from the edge of the assessment area to 2 km. Using Akaike's Information Criterion, we determined the best 1-, 2- and 3-predictor models of the two indices, using the weighted proportions of the land cover types as potential predictors. Mean values of the two indices were generally higher in the North Central East and Coastal Plains than the other regions for forested and emergent wetlands. In nearly all cases, the best predictors of the indices were not the dominant surrounding land cover types. Overall, proportions of forest (positive effect) and agriculture (negative effect) surrounding the assessment area were the best predictors of the two indices. One or both of these variables were included as predictors in 65 of the 72 models supported by the data. Wetlands surrounding the assessment area had a positive effect on the indices, and ranked third (33%) among the predictors included in supported models. Development had a negative effect on the indices and was included in only 28% of supported models. These results can be used to develop regional management plans for wetlands, such as creating forest buffers around wetlands, or to conserve zones between wetlands to increase habitat connectivity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.107","usgsCitation":"Stapanian, M.A., Gara, B., and Schumacher, W., 2018, Surrounding land cover types as predictors of palustrine wetland vegetation quality in conterminous USA: Science of the Total Environment, v. 619-620, p. 366-375, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.107.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"366","endPage":"375","ipdsId":"IP-088234","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352053,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}\n\n\n","volume":"619-620","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee715e4b0da30c1bfc102","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stapanian, Martin A. 0000-0001-8173-4273 mstapanian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8173-4273","contributorId":3425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stapanian","given":"Martin","email":"mstapanian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gara, Brian","contributorId":52061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gara","given":"Brian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schumacher, William","contributorId":150060,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schumacher","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17898,"text":"Ohio Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70195669,"text":"70195669 - 2018 - An analytical framework for estimating aquatic species density from environmental DNA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T13:45:27","indexId":"70195669","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An analytical framework for estimating aquatic species density from environmental DNA","docAbstract":"Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis of water samples is on the brink of becoming a standard monitoring method for aquatic species. This method has improved detection rates over conventional survey methods and thus has demonstrated effectiveness for estimation of site occupancy and species distribution. The frontier of eDNA applications, however, is to infer species density. Building upon previous studies, we present and assess a modeling approach that aims at inferring animal density from eDNA. The modeling combines eDNA and animal count data from a subset of sites to estimate species density (and associated uncertainties) at other sites where only eDNA data are available. As a proof of concept, we first perform a cross-validation study using experimental data on carp in mesocosms. In these data, fish densities are known without error, which allows us to test the performance of the method with known data. We then evaluate the model using field data from a study on a stream salamander species to assess the potential of this method to work in natural settings, where density can never be known with absolute certainty. Two alternative distributions (Normal and Negative Binomial) to model variability in eDNA concentration data are assessed. Assessment based on the proof of concept data (carp) revealed that the Negative Binomial model provided much more accurate estimates than the model based on a Normal distribution, likely because eDNA data tend to be overdispersed. Greater imprecision was found when we applied the method to the field data, but the Negative Binomial model still provided useful density estimates. We call for further model development in this direction, as well as further research targeted at sampling design optimization. It will be important to assess these approaches on a broad range of study systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.3764","usgsCitation":"Chambert, T., Pilliod, D.S., Goldberg, C.S., Doi, H., and Takahara, T., 2018, An analytical framework for estimating aquatic species density from environmental DNA: Ecology and Evolution, v. 8, no. 6, p. 3468-3477, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3764.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"3468","endPage":"3477","ipdsId":"IP-079053","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468971,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3764","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":352059,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee716e4b0da30c1bfc106","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chambert, Thierry 0000-0002-9450-9080 tchambert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9450-9080","contributorId":191979,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chambert","given":"Thierry","email":"tchambert@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pilliod, David S. 0000-0003-4207-3518 dpilliod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4207-3518","contributorId":149254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pilliod","given":"David","email":"dpilliod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldberg, Caren S.","contributorId":76879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goldberg","given":"Caren","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":5132,"text":"Washington State University, Pullman","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doi, Hideyuki","contributorId":202789,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doi","given":"Hideyuki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36527,"text":"University of Hyogo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Takahara, Teruhiko","contributorId":176873,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Takahara","given":"Teruhiko","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70191450,"text":"tm5D4 - 2018 - Determination of δ13C, δ15N, or δ34S by isotope-ratio-monitoring mass spectrometry using an elemental analyzer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-26T16:34:48","indexId":"tm5D4","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-26T12:05:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"5-D4","displayTitle":"Determination of δ13C, δ15N, or δ34S by isotope-ratio-monitoring mass spectrometry using an elemental analyzer","title":"Determination of δ13C, δ15N, or δ34S by isotope-ratio-monitoring mass spectrometry using an elemental analyzer","docAbstract":"This report describes procedures used in the Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center of the U.S. Geological Survey in Denver, Colorado, to determine the stable-isotope ratios 13C/12C, 15N/14N, and 34S/32S in solid materials. The procedures use elemental analyzers connected directly to gas-source isotope-ratio mass spectrometers. A different elemental–analyzer–mass-spectrometer system is used for 13C/12C and 15N/14N than is used for 34S/32S to accommodate differences in reagents, catalysts, and instrument settings.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section D: Geologic analysis in Book 5: Laboratory analysis","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm5D4","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C.A., Stricker, C.A., Gulbransen, C.A., and Emmons, M.P., 2018, Determination of δ13C, δ15N, or δ34S by isotope-ratio-monitoring mass spectrometry using an elemental analyzer: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, book 5, chap. D4, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm5D4.","productDescription":"vi, 20 p.","numberOfPages":"29","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-083275","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351340,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/05/d4/tm5d4.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.18 MB ","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"T&M 5-D4"},{"id":351338,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/05/d4/coverthb.jpg"}],"publicComments":"This report is Chapter 4 of Section D: Geologic analysis in Book 5: Laboratory analysis.","contact":"Director, Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS 973
Denver, CO 80225
New detrital zircon U-Pb data from the Farewell terrane of interior Alaska illuminate its early provenance evolution and connections with other Alaskan terranes. Five samples come from Neoproterozoic units in the central Farewell terrane. Basal “ferruginous beds” and the overlying Windy Fork Formation have prominent detrital zircon age populations between 2000 and 1800 Ma, with the Windy Fork Formation also having major age peaks between 700 and 600 Ma. Younger (Lone Formation) samples yield grains mainly between 750 and 550 Ma, with fewer older Proterozoic grains. Eleven samples come from deep-water early Paleozoic rocks (southeastern Farewell terrane). Ordovician sandstone (Post River Formation) has a major age population at ca. 490 Ma and subordinate 785–550 Ma populations that overlap age peaks in the Lone Formation. Turbidites in the overlying Terra Cotta Mountains Sandstone (Silurian) yield distinctly different spectra, with major ca. 450–420 Ma age populations and numerous grains between 2000 and 900 Ma. Devonian Barren Ridge Limestone samples have spectra like those of the Terra Cotta Mountains Sandstone, plus some Early Devonian grains. The Silurian shift in detrital zircon age spectra coincides with a major influx of siliciclastic sediment suggestive of a tectonic (collisional?) event involving the Farewell terrane. Neoproterozoic through Devonian successions in the Arctic Alaska–Chukotka and Alexander terranes show a similar up-section shift in detrital zircon spectra, supporting links between these terranes and the Farewell terrane during the early Paleozoic. Detrital zircon ages from the White Mountains and Livengood terranes, adjacent to the northern Farewell terrane, include major early Paleozoic populations that overlap those seen in partly coeval Farewell strata.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES01470.1","usgsCitation":"Dumoulin, J.A., Jones, J.V., Bradley, D., Till, A.B., Box, S.E., and O’Sullivan, P.B., 2018, Neoproterozoic–early Paleozoic provenance evolution of sedimentary rocks in and adjacent to the Farewell terrane (interior Alaska): Geosphere, v. 14, no. 2, p. 367-394, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01470.1.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"367","endPage":"394","ipdsId":"IP-093382","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468972,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01470.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438000,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7PV6JKZ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"U-Pb Isotopic Data and Ages of Detrital Zircon Grains and Graptolite Fossil Data from Selected Rocks from the Western Alaska Range, Livengood area, and Seward Peninsula, Alaska - 2018"},{"id":358811,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"14","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10aa07e4b034bf6a7e55cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, James V. III 0000-0002-6602-5935 jvjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6602-5935","contributorId":201245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"James","suffix":"III","email":"jvjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bradley, Dwight 0000-0001-9116-5289 bradleyorchard2@gmail.com","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-5289","contributorId":2358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Dwight","email":"bradleyorchard2@gmail.com","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Till, Alison B. 0000-0002-6640-6877 atill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6640-6877","contributorId":210053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Till","given":"Alison","email":"atill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Box, Stephen E. 0000-0002-5268-8375 sbox@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5268-8375","contributorId":1843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Box","given":"Stephen","email":"sbox@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"O’Sullivan, Paul B.","contributorId":193544,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Sullivan","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70195621,"text":"70195621 - 2018 - Rayleigh and S wave tomography constraints on subduction termination and lithospheric foundering in central California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-26T12:31:26","indexId":"70195621","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rayleigh and S wave tomography constraints on subduction termination and lithospheric foundering in central California","docAbstract":"The crust and upper mantle structure of central California have been modified by subduction termination, growth of the San Andreas plate boundary fault system, and small-scale upper mantle convection since the early Miocene. Here we investigate the contributions of these processes to the creation of the Isabella Anomaly, which is a high seismic velocity volume in the upper mantle. There are two types of hypotheses for its origin. One is that it is the foundered mafic lower crust and mantle lithosphere of the southern Sierra Nevada batholith. The alternative suggests that it is a fossil slab connected to the Monterey microplate. A dense broadband seismic transect was deployed from the coast to the western Sierra Nevada to fill in the least sampled areas above the Isabella Anomaly, and regional-scale Rayleigh and S wave tomography are used to evaluate the two hypotheses. New shear velocity (Vs) tomography images a high-velocity anomaly beneath coastal California that is sub-horizontal at depths of ∼40–80 km. East of the San Andreas Fault a continuous extension of the high-velocity anomaly dips east and is located beneath the Sierra Nevada at ∼150–200 km depth. The western position of the Isabella Anomaly in the uppermost mantle is inconsistent with earlier interpretations that the Isabella Anomaly is connected to actively foundering foothills lower crust. Based on the new Vs images, we interpret that the Isabella Anomaly is not the dense destabilized root of the Sierra Nevada, but rather a remnant of Miocene subduction termination that is translating north beneath the central San Andreas Fault. Our results support the occurrence of localized lithospheric foundering beneath the high elevation eastern Sierra Nevada, where we find a lower crustal low Vs layer consistent with a small amount of partial melt. The high elevations relative to crust thickness and lower crustal low Vs zone are consistent with geological inferences that lithospheric foundering drove uplift and a ∼3–4 Ma pulse of basaltic magmatism.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2018.02.009","usgsCitation":"Jiang, C., Schmandt, B., Hansen, S.M., Dougherty, S.L., Clayton, R.W., Farrell, J., and Lin, F., 2018, Rayleigh and S wave tomography constraints on subduction termination and lithospheric foundering in central California: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 488, p. 14-26, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2018.02.009.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"14","endPage":"26","ipdsId":"IP-090395","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468974,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180221-090936349","text":"External Repository"},{"id":352018,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124,\n 32\n ],\n [\n -114,\n 32\n ],\n [\n -114,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -124,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -124,\n 32\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"488","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee717e4b0da30c1bfc112","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jiang, Chengxin","contributorId":202749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jiang","given":"Chengxin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36307,"text":"University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmandt, Brandon","contributorId":202750,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmandt","given":"Brandon","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36307,"text":"University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hansen, Steven M.","contributorId":202751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hansen","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36307,"text":"University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dougherty, Sara L. 0000-0002-5327-3286 sdougherty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5327-3286","contributorId":191210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dougherty","given":"Sara","email":"sdougherty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clayton, Robert W.","contributorId":202752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clayton","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7218,"text":"California Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Farrell, Jamie","contributorId":175477,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farrell","given":"Jamie","affiliations":[{"id":13252,"text":"University of Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lin, Fan-Chi","contributorId":175478,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lin","given":"Fan-Chi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13252,"text":"University of Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70195640,"text":"70195640 - 2018 - Assessment of distribution and abundance estimates for Mariana swiftlets (Aerodramus bartschi) via examination of survey methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-27T16:41:14","indexId":"70195640","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3784,"text":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Assessment of distribution and abundance estimates for Mariana swiftlets (Aerodramus bartschi) via examination of survey methods","title":"Assessment of distribution and abundance estimates for Mariana swiftlets (Aerodramus bartschi) via examination of survey methods","docAbstract":"We described past and present distribution and abundance data to evaluate the status of the endangered Mariana Swiftlet (Aerodramus bartschi), a little-known echolocating cave swiftlet that currently inhabits 3 of 5 formerly occupied islands in the Mariana archipelago. We then evaluated the survey methods used to attain these estimates via fieldwork carried out on an introduced population of Mariana Swiftlets on the island of O'ahu, Hawaiian Islands, to derive better methods for future surveys. We estimate the range-wide population of Mariana Swiftlets to be 5,704 individuals occurring in 15 caves on Saipan, Aguiguan, and Guam in the Marianas; and 142 individuals occupying one tunnel on O'ahu. We further confirm that swiftlets have been extirpated from Rota and Tinian and have declined on Aguiguan. Swiftlets have remained relatively stable on Guam and Saipan in recent years. Our assessment of survey methods used for Mariana Swiftlets suggests overestimates depending on the technique used. We suggest the use of night vision technology and other changes to more accurately reflect their distribution, abundance, and status.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wilson Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1676/16-106.1","usgsCitation":"Johnson, N.C., Haig, S.M., and Mosher, S.M., 2018, Assessment of distribution and abundance estimates for Mariana swiftlets (Aerodramus bartschi) via examination of survey methods: Wilson Journal of Ornithology, v. 130, no. 1, p. 23-29, https://doi.org/10.1676/16-106.1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"23","endPage":"29","ipdsId":"IP-080248","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438001,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F79P2ZTD","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Mariana swiftlet (Aerodramus bartschi) survey data from O'ahu, Hawai'i, 2005-2006"},{"id":352001,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":352000,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wjoonline.org/doi/abs/10.1676/16-106.1"}],"volume":"130","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee716e4b0da30c1bfc10e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Nathan C. ncjohnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":196296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Nathan","email":"ncjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":729526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mosher, Stephen M.","contributorId":202753,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mosher","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36522,"text":"U.S. Navy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70122872,"text":"sir20145168 - 2018 - Spatially distributed groundwater recharge estimated using a water-budget model for the Island of Maui, Hawai`i, 1978–2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-04T07:23:44","indexId":"sir20145168","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5168","title":"Spatially distributed groundwater recharge estimated using a water-budget model for the Island of Maui, Hawai`i, 1978–2007","docAbstract":"Demand for freshwater on the Island of Maui is expected to grow. To evaluate the availability of fresh groundwater, estimates of groundwater recharge are needed. A water-budget model with a daily computation interval was developed and used to estimate the spatial distribution of recharge on Maui for average climate conditions (1978–2007 rainfall and 2010 land cover) and for drought conditions (1998–2002 rainfall and 2010 land cover). For average climate conditions, mean annual recharge for Maui is about 1,309 million gallons per day, or about 44 percent of precipitation (rainfall and fog interception). Recharge for average climate conditions is about 39 percent of total water inflow consisting of precipitation, irrigation, septic leachate, and seepage from reservoirs and cesspools. Most recharge occurs on the wet, windward slopes of Haleakalā and on the wet, uplands of West Maui Mountain. Dry, coastal areas generally have low recharge. In the dry isthmus, however, irrigated fields have greater recharge than nearby unirrigated areas. For drought conditions, mean annual recharge for Maui is about 1,010 million gallons per day, which is 23 percent less than recharge for average climate conditions. For individual aquifer-system areas used for groundwater management, recharge for drought conditions is about 8 to 51 percent less than recharge for average climate conditions. The spatial distribution of rainfall is the primary factor determining spatially distributed recharge estimates for most areas on Maui. In wet areas, recharge estimates are also sensitive to water-budget parameters that are related to runoff, fog interception, and forest-canopy evaporation. In dry areas, recharge estimates are most sensitive to irrigated crop areas and parameters related to evapotranspiration.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145168","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the County of Maui Department of Water Supply and the State of Hawai‘i Commission on Water Resource Management","usgsCitation":"Johnson, A.G., Engott, J.A., Bassiouni, Maoya, and Rotzoll, Kolja, 2018, Spatially distributed groundwater recharge estimated using a water-budget model for the Island of Maui, Hawai`i, 1978–2007 (ver. 2.0, February 2018): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014–5168, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145168.","productDescription":"Report: v, 53 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"64","ipdsId":"IP-036379","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351916,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5168/pdf/sir20145168.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2014-5168"},{"id":351915,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5168/images/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":351918,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/get/5a0f91bee4b09af898d09be6","linkHelpText":"Mean annual water-budget components for the Island of Maui, Hawaii, for average climate conditions, 1978-2007 rainfall and 2010 land cover (version 2.0)"},{"id":351917,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5168/sir20145168_versionhist.txt","size":"2 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"SIR 2014-5168"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Maui","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.73507690429688,\n 20.56208154725951\n ],\n [\n -155.972900390625,\n 20.56208154725951\n ],\n [\n -155.972900390625,\n 21.042209507614245\n ],\n [\n -156.73507690429688,\n 21.042209507614245\n ],\n [\n -156.73507690429688,\n 20.56208154725951\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0: Originally posted December 14, 2014; Version 2.0: February 26, 2018","contact":"Director,
Pacific Islands Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Inouye Regional Center
1845 Wasp Blvd., B176
Honolulu, HI 96818
Livestock grazing is an important land use in the western USA and can have positive or negative effects on amphibians. Columbia Spotted Frog (Rana luteiventris) often use ponds that provide water for cattle. We conducted a long-term manipulative study on US Forest Service land in northeastern Oregon to determine the effects of full and partial exclosures that limited cattle access to ponds used by frogs. We found weak evidence of a short-term increase in abundance that did not differ between full and partial exclosures and that diminished with continuing exclusion of cattle. The benefit of exclosures was small relative to the overall decline in breeding numbers that we documented. This suggests that some protection can provide a short-term boost to populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11273-018-9596-9","usgsCitation":"Adams, M.J., Pearl, C., Chambert, T., McCreary, B., Galvan, S., and Rowe, J., 2018, Effect of cattle exclosures on Columbia Spotted Frog abundance: Wetlands Ecology and Management, v. 26, no. 4, p. 627-634, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-018-9596-9.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"627","endPage":"634","ipdsId":"IP-088665","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352015,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee716e4b0da30c1bfc10c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, M. J. 0000-0001-8844-042X mjadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8844-042X","contributorId":3133,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"M.","email":"mjadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pearl, Christopher 0000-0003-2943-7321 christopher_pearl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2943-7321","contributorId":172669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearl","given":"Christopher","email":"christopher_pearl@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chambert, Thierry 0000-0002-9450-9080 tchambert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9450-9080","contributorId":191979,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chambert","given":"Thierry","email":"tchambert@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCreary, Brome 0000-0002-0313-7796 brome_mccreary@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0313-7796","contributorId":3130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCreary","given":"Brome","email":"brome_mccreary@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Galvan, Stephanie 0000-0002-9864-3674 stephanie_galvan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9864-3674","contributorId":3135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galvan","given":"Stephanie","email":"stephanie_galvan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rowe, Jennifer 0000-0002-5253-2223 jrowe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5253-2223","contributorId":172670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowe","given":"Jennifer","email":"jrowe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70195625,"text":"70195625 - 2018 - Temporal shift of sea turtle nest sites in an eroding barrier island beach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-26T12:28:19","indexId":"70195625","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2926,"text":"Ocean and Coastal Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal shift of sea turtle nest sites in an eroding barrier island beach","docAbstract":"Shoreline changes affect functionality of a sandy beach as a wildlife habitat and coastal erosion is among the primary causes of the changes. We examined temporal shifts in locations where loggerheads placed nests in relation to coastal erosion along a barrier island beach in the northern Gulf of Mexico. We first confirmed consistency in long-term (1855–2001), short-term (1976–2001), and more recent (2002–2012) shoreline change rates in two adjacent beach sections, one historically eroding (west beach) and the other accreting (east beach). The mean annual shoreline change rate in the two sections was significantly different in all time periods. The recent (1998–2012) mean change rate was −10.9 ± 9.9 m/year in the west beach and −2.8 ± 4.9 m/year in the east beach, which resulted in the loss of about 70% and 30% of area in the west and east beaches, respectively. Loggerheads nested significantly closer to the vegetation line in 2012 than in 2002 in the west beach but the difference between the two time periods was not significant in the east beach. However, the distance from nests to the vegetation line from 2002 to 2014 was significantly reduced annually in both beaches; on average, loggerheads nested closer to the vegetation line by 9 m/year in the west beach and 5.8 m/year in the east beach. The observed shoreline change rate and corresponding shift of nest placement sites, combined with the forecasted future beach loss, highlighted the importance of addressing the issue of beach erosion to conserve sandy beach habitats.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2017.12.032","usgsCitation":"Fujisaki, I., Lamont, M.M., and Carthy, R.R., 2018, Temporal shift of sea turtle nest sites in an eroding barrier island beach: Ocean and Coastal Management, v. 155, p. 24-29, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2017.12.032.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"24","endPage":"29","ipdsId":"IP-081420","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461017,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2017.12.032","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":352017,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Cape San Blas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85.36582946777342,\n 29.66631496269232\n ],\n [\n -85.3267765045166,\n 29.66631496269232\n ],\n [\n -85.3267765045166,\n 29.67835894854861\n ],\n [\n -85.36582946777342,\n 29.67835894854861\n ],\n [\n -85.36582946777342,\n 29.66631496269232\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"155","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee717e4b0da30c1bfc110","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fujisaki, Ikuko","contributorId":38359,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fujisaki","given":"Ikuko","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lamont, Margaret M. 0000-0001-7520-6669 mlamont@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7520-6669","contributorId":4525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamont","given":"Margaret","email":"mlamont@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carthy, Raymond R. 0000-0001-8978-5083 rayc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8978-5083","contributorId":3685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carthy","given":"Raymond","email":"rayc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70195578,"text":"70195578 - 2018 - A simplified field protocol for genetic sampling of birds using buccal swabs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-27T16:40:31","indexId":"70195578","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3784,"text":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A simplified field protocol for genetic sampling of birds using buccal swabs","docAbstract":"DNA sampling is an essential prerequisite for conducting population genetic studies. For many years, blood sampling has been the preferred method for obtaining DNA in birds because of their nucleated red blood cells. Nonetheless, use of buccal swabs has been gaining favor because they are less invasive yet still yield adequate amounts of DNA for amplifying mitochondrial and nuclear markers; however, buccal swab protocols often include steps (e.g., extended air-drying and storage under frozen conditions) not easily adapted to field settings. Furthermore, commercial extraction kits and swabs for buccal sampling can be expensive for large population studies. We therefore developed an efficient, cost-effective, and field-friendly protocol for sampling wild birds after comparing DNA yield among 3 inexpensive buccal swab types (2 with foam tips and 1 with a cotton tip). Extraction and amplification success was high (100% and 97.2% respectively) using inexpensive generic swabs. We found foam-tipped swabs provided higher DNA yields than cotton-tipped swabs. We further determined that omitting a drying step and storing swabs in Longmire buffer increased efficiency in the field while still yielding sufficient amounts of DNA for detailed population genetic studies using mitochondrial and nuclear markers. This new field protocol allows time- and cost-effective DNA sampling of juveniles or small-bodied birds for which drawing blood may cause excessive stress to birds and technicians alike.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wilson Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1676/16-105.1","usgsCitation":"Vilstrup, J.T., Mullins, T.D., Miller, M.P., McDearman, W., Walters, J.R., and Haig, S.M., 2018, A simplified field protocol for genetic sampling of birds using buccal swabs: Wilson Journal of Ornithology, v. 130, no. 1, p. 326-334, https://doi.org/10.1676/16-105.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"326","endPage":"334","ipdsId":"IP-077020","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468973,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99354","text":"External Repository"},{"id":438002,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7ZK5FVN","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"DNA yields and concentrations from buccal swab samples of red-cockaded woodpeckers"},{"id":352021,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":351890,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wjoonline.org/doi/abs/10.1676/16-105.1"}],"volume":"130","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee717e4b0da30c1bfc114","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vilstrup, Julia T.","contributorId":202694,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vilstrup","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mullins, Thomas D. 0000-0001-8948-9604 tom_mullins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8948-9604","contributorId":3615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullins","given":"Thomas","email":"tom_mullins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":729345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Mark P. 0000-0003-1045-1772 mpmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1045-1772","contributorId":1967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Mark","email":"mpmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":38131,"text":"WMA - Office of Planning and Programming","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McDearman, Will","contributorId":202695,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDearman","given":"Will","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Walters, Jeffrey R.","contributorId":202696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walters","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70222584,"text":"70222584 - 2018 - Rare long-distance dispersal of the Island Night Lizard, Xantusia riversiana, maintains high diversity in a fragmented environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-05T21:06:33.373807","indexId":"70222584","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-24T15:59:40","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Rare long-distance dispersal of the Island Night Lizard, Xantusia riversiana, maintains high diversity in a fragmented environment","title":"Rare long-distance dispersal of the Island Night Lizard, Xantusia riversiana, maintains high diversity in a fragmented environment","docAbstract":"The Island Night Lizard (Xantusia riversiana) is endemic to three of the Channel Islands off the coast of California, USA. Introduced species such as goats, sheep, and cats have profoundly affected the fauna and flora of the islands for over 150 years, but most of these non-native species have been recently removed. We measured the distribution of genetic diversity in Island Night Lizards across San Nicolas Island using DNA microsatellites to assess the impacts of historical habitat change on effective population size, gene flow, and population divergence; to provide baseline data for future monitoring of genetic diversity; and to provide recommendations to inform the restoration of degraded habitat. Despite a history of profound anthropogenic habitat disturbance, genetic diversity was high within sites, and there was no evidence of population bottlenecks. Divergence between sites was extraordinarily high, as expected for this sedentary species. Landscape resistance modeling using circuit theory showed that unsuitable habitat is relatively permeable to gene flow compared to suitable habitat, and yet populations separated by very short geographic distances remain genetically distinct. We found no evidence of a need for short-term intervention such as artificial translocations to maintain genetic diversity. Instead, we suggest that management should focus on maintaining, improving, and increasing habitat, especially in creating patches of habitat to link existing sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10592-018-1055-x","usgsCitation":"O’Donnell, R.P., Drost, C.A., Fellers, G.M., Crabb, B.A., and Mock, K., 2018, Rare long-distance dispersal of the Island Night Lizard, Xantusia riversiana, maintains high diversity in a fragmented environment: Conservation Genetics, v. 19, p. 803-814, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-018-1055-x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"803","endPage":"814","ipdsId":"IP-081802","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387727,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Nicolas Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.42962646484374,\n 33.23007250637392\n ],\n [\n -119.46086883544922,\n 33.258211766248415\n ],\n [\n -119.50000762939452,\n 33.27285208252106\n ],\n [\n -119.52953338623045,\n 33.28691595686207\n ],\n [\n -119.5528793334961,\n 33.28146288679663\n ],\n [\n -119.56523895263673,\n 33.27514838003839\n ],\n [\n -119.58103179931642,\n 33.28117587367123\n ],\n [\n -119.57210540771484,\n 33.24902443255544\n ],\n [\n -119.54635620117188,\n 33.23122122490653\n ],\n [\n -119.50035095214844,\n 33.216861158847486\n ],\n [\n -119.47048187255858,\n 33.21226543987183\n ],\n [\n -119.44061279296875,\n 33.215712251730736\n ],\n [\n -119.42962646484374,\n 33.23007250637392\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Donnell, Ryan P. 0000-0002-8710-7956 rodonnell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8710-7956","contributorId":4657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Donnell","given":"Ryan","email":"rodonnell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drost, Charles A. 0000-0002-4792-7095 charles_drost@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4792-7095","contributorId":3151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drost","given":"Charles","email":"charles_drost@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fellers, Gary M. 0000-0003-4092-0285 gary_fellers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4092-0285","contributorId":3150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fellers","given":"Gary","email":"gary_fellers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crabb, Benjamin A.","contributorId":261781,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crabb","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":53015,"text":"Remote Sensing/Geographic Information Systems Laboratory, College of Natural Resources, 5275 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-5275","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mock, Karen E.","contributorId":261782,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mock","given":"Karen E.","affiliations":[{"id":53016,"text":"Wildland Resources Department, 5230 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-5230","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70195635,"text":"70195635 - 2018 - Gauging resource exploitation by juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in restoring estuarine habitat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-10T11:43:14","indexId":"70195635","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3271,"text":"Restoration Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Gauging resource exploitation by juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in restoring estuarine habitat","title":"Gauging resource exploitation by juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in restoring estuarine habitat","docAbstract":"In the context of delta restoration and its impact on salmonid rearing, success is best evaluated based on whether out-migrating juvenile salmon can access and benefit from suitable estuarine habitat. Here, we integrated 3 years of post-restoration monitoring data including habitat availability, invertebrate prey biomass, and juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) physiological condition to determine whether individuals profited from the addition of 364 ha of delta habitat in South Puget Sound, Washington, United States. Productivity in the restored mudflat was comparable to reference sites 3 years after dike removal, surpassing a mean total of 6 million kJ energy from invertebrate prey. This resulted from the development of a complex network of tidal channels and a resurgence in dipteran biomass that was unique to the restoration area. Consequently, a notable shift in invertebrate consumption occurred between 2010 and 2011, whereby individuals switched from eating primarily amphipods to dipteran flies; however, dietary similarity to the surrounding habitat did not change from year to year, suggesting that this shift was a result of a change in the surrounding prey communities. Growth rates did not differ between restored and reference sites, but catch weight was positively correlated with prey biomass, where greater prey productivity appeared to offset potential density-dependent effects. These results demonstrate how the realized function of restoring estuarine habitat is functionally dependent. High prey productivity in areas with greater connectivity may support healthy juvenile salmon that are more likely to reach the critical size class for offshore survival.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/rec.12643","usgsCitation":"Davis, M.J., Ellings, C.S., Woo, I., Hodgson, S., Larsen, K.A., and Nakai, G., 2018, Gauging resource exploitation by juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in restoring estuarine habitat: Restoration Ecology, v. 26, no. 5, p. 976-986, https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.12643.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"976","endPage":"986","ipdsId":"IP-083280","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351983,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Puget Sound","volume":"26","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-12-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee717e4b0da30c1bfc118","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Melanie J. 0000-0003-1734-7177 melaniedavis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1734-7177","contributorId":172120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Melanie","email":"melaniedavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellings, Christopher S.","contributorId":149343,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ellings","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":17711,"text":"Dep't Natural Resources, Nisqually Indian Tribe, Olympia, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woo, Isa 0000-0002-8447-9236 iwoo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8447-9236","contributorId":2524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woo","given":"Isa","email":"iwoo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hodgson, Sayre","contributorId":172121,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hodgson","given":"Sayre","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":26985,"text":"Nisqually Indian Tribe, Olympia, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Larsen, Kimberly A. 0000-0001-7978-2452 kalarsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7978-2452","contributorId":3744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larsen","given":"Kimberly","email":"kalarsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":729510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nakai, Glynnis","contributorId":172123,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nakai","given":"Glynnis","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":26986,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service, Nisqually Nat'l Wildlife Refuge, Olympia, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70195636,"text":"70195636 - 2018 - Enhanced invertebrate prey production following estuarine restoration supports foraging for multiple species of juvenile salmonids (Oncorhynchus spp.)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-12T16:45:02.037993","indexId":"70195636","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3271,"text":"Restoration Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Enhanced invertebrate prey production following estuarine restoration supports foraging for multiple species of juvenile salmonids (Oncorhynchus spp.)","title":"Enhanced invertebrate prey production following estuarine restoration supports foraging for multiple species of juvenile salmonids (Oncorhynchus spp.)","docAbstract":"Estuaries provide crucial foraging resources and nursery habitat for threatened populations of anadromous salmon. As such, there has been a global undertaking to restore habitat and tidal processes in modified estuaries. The foraging capacity of these ecosystems to support various species of out-migrating juvenile salmon can be quantified by monitoring benthic, terrestrial, and pelagic invertebrate prey communities. Here, we present notable trends in the availability of invertebrate prey at several sites within a restoring large river delta in Puget Sound, Washington, U.S.A. Three years after the system was returned to tidal influence, we observed substantial additions to amphipod, copepod, and cumacean abundances in newly accessible marsh channels (from 0 to roughly 5,000–75,000 individuals/m2). In the restoration area, terrestrial invertebrate colonization was dependent upon vegetative cover, with dipteran and hymenopteran biomass increasing 3-fold between 1 and 3 years post-restoration. While the overall biodiversity within the restoration area was lower than in the reference marsh, estimated biomass was comparable to or greater than that found within the other study sites. This additional prey biomass likely provided foraging benefits for juvenile Chinook, chum, and coho salmon. Primary physical drivers differed for benthic, terrestrial, and pelagic invertebrates, and these invertebrate communities are expected to respond differentially depending on organic matter exchange and vegetative colonization. Restoring estuaries may take decades to meet certain success criteria, but our study demonstrates rapid enhancements in foraging resources understood to be used for estuary-dependent wildlife.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/rec.12658","usgsCitation":"Woo, I., Davis, M.J., Ellings, C.S., Nakai, G., Takekawa, J.Y., and De La Cruz, S.E., 2018, Enhanced invertebrate prey production following estuarine restoration supports foraging for multiple species of juvenile salmonids (Oncorhynchus spp.): Restoration Ecology, v. 26, no. 5, p. 964-975, https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.12658.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"964","endPage":"975","ipdsId":"IP-083281","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351982,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Nisqually River Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.72552490234375,\n 47.05562189093551\n ],\n [\n -122.65068054199219,\n 47.05562189093551\n ],\n [\n -122.65068054199219,\n 47.1248118482342\n ],\n [\n -122.72552490234375,\n 47.1248118482342\n ],\n [\n -122.72552490234375,\n 47.05562189093551\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-12-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee717e4b0da30c1bfc116","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woo, Isa 0000-0002-8447-9236 iwoo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8447-9236","contributorId":2524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woo","given":"Isa","email":"iwoo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, Melanie J. 0000-0003-1734-7177","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1734-7177","contributorId":202773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Melanie","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellings, Christopher S.","contributorId":149343,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ellings","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":17711,"text":"Dep't Natural Resources, Nisqually Indian Tribe, Olympia, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nakai, Glynnis","contributorId":172123,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nakai","given":"Glynnis","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":26986,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service, Nisqually Nat'l Wildlife Refuge, Olympia, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":196611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"De La Cruz, Susan E.W. 0000-0001-6315-0864","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6315-0864","contributorId":202774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De La Cruz","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.W.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70195632,"text":"70195632 - 2018 - Waterbird habitat in California's Central Valley basins under climate, urbanization, and water management scenarios","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-04T16:12:05","indexId":"70195632","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Waterbird habitat in California's Central Valley basins under climate, urbanization, and water management scenarios","docAbstract":"California's Central Valley provides critical, but threatened habitat and food resources for migrating and wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, and other waterbirds. The Central Valley is comprised of nine basins that were defined by the Central Valley Joint Venture (CVJV) to assist in conservation planning. Basins vary in composition and extent of habitats, which primarily include croplands and wetlands that rely on water supplies shared with other competing human and environmental uses. Changes in climate, urban development, and water supply management are uncertain and could reduce future availability of water supplies supporting waterbird habitats and limit effectiveness of wetland restoration planned by the CVJV to support wintering waterbirds. We modeled 17 plausible scenarios including combinations of three climate projections, three urbanization rates, and five water supply management options to promote agricultural and urban water uses, with and without wetland restoration. Our research examines the reduction in quantity and quality of habitats during the fall migration-wintering period by basin under each scenario, and the efficacy of planned wetland restoration to compensate reductions in flooded areas of wetland habitats. Scenario combinations of projected climate, urbanization, and water supply management options reduced availability of flooded cropland and wetland habitats during fall-winter and degraded the quality of seasonal wetlands (i.e., summer-irrigation for improved forage production), though the extent and frequency of impacts varied by basin. Planned wetland restoration may substantially compensate for scenario-related effects on wetland habitats in each basin. However, results indicate that Colusa, Butte, Sutter, San Joaquin, and Tulare Basins may require additional conservation to support summer-irrigation of seasonal wetlands and winter-flooding of cropland habitats. Still further conservation may be required to provide sufficient areas of flooded seasonal and semi-permanent wetlands in San Joaquin and Tulare Basins during fall-winter. The main objective of this research is to provide decision-support for achieving waterbird conservation goals in the valley and to inform CVJV's regional conservation planning.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","doi":"10.3996/122016-JFWM-095","usgsCitation":"Matchett, E., and Fleskes, J.P., 2018, Waterbird habitat in California's Central Valley basins under climate, urbanization, and water management scenarios: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 9, no. 1, p. 75-94, https://doi.org/10.3996/122016-JFWM-095.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"75","endPage":"94","ipdsId":"IP-080053","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468975,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/122016-jfwm-095","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438003,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7NV9GDQ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Recent historical and projected (years 2006-99) areas (km2) of managed, flooded habitats used by waterbirds overwintering in Central Valley, California basins for 17 climate, urbanization, and water management scenarios"},{"id":351987,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Central Valley","volume":"9","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-01-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee718e4b0da30c1bfc11c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Matchett, Elliott 0000-0001-5095-2884 ematchett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5095-2884","contributorId":5541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matchett","given":"Elliott","email":"ematchett@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fleskes, Joseph P. 0000-0001-5388-6675 joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5388-6675","contributorId":177154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleskes","given":"Joseph","email":"joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70195633,"text":"70195633 - 2018 - Occurrence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in anurans of the Mediterranean region of Baja California, México","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-13T10:12:48","indexId":"70195633","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1396,"text":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Occurrence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in anurans of the Mediterranean region of Baja California, México","title":"Occurrence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in anurans of the Mediterranean region of Baja California, México","docAbstract":"Chytridiomycosis is caused by the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) and is regarded as one of the most significant threats to global amphibian populations. In México, Bd was first reported in 2003 and has now been documented in 13 states. We visited 33 localities and swabbed 199 wild-caught anurans from 7 species (5 native, 2 exotic) across the Mediterranean region of the state of Baja California. Using quantitative PCR, Bd was detected in 94 individuals (47.2% of samples) at 25 of the 33 survey localities for 5 native and 1 exotic frog species. The exotic Xenopus laevis was the only species that tested completely negative for Bd. We found that remoteness, distance to agricultural land, and elevation were the best predictors of Bd presence. These are the first Bd-positive results for the state of Baja California and its presence should be regarded as an additional conservation threat to the region’s native frog species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/dao03202","usgsCitation":"Peralta-Garcia, A., Adams, A.J., Briggs, C.J., Galina-Tessaro, P., Valdez-Villavicencio, J.H., Hollingsworth, B., Shaffer, H.B., and Fisher, R.N., 2018, Occurrence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in anurans of the Mediterranean region of Baja California, México: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 127, no. 3, p. 193-200, https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03202.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"193","endPage":"200","ipdsId":"IP-093330","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468976,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03202","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":351986,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","state":"Baja California","volume":"127","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee718e4b0da30c1bfc11a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peralta-Garcia, Anny","contributorId":169074,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peralta-Garcia","given":"Anny","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25409,"text":"Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Roroeste, La Paz, Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, Andrea J.","contributorId":202767,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Briggs, Cheryl J.","contributorId":127721,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Briggs","given":"Cheryl","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6710,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Galina-Tessaro, Patricia","contributorId":169079,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Galina-Tessaro","given":"Patricia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25409,"text":"Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Roroeste, La Paz, Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Valdez-Villavicencio, Jorge H.","contributorId":169076,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Valdez-Villavicencio","given":"Jorge","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":25411,"text":"Conservacion de Fauna del Roroeste, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hollingsworth, Bradford","contributorId":202768,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hollingsworth","given":"Bradford","affiliations":[{"id":36525,"text":"San Diego Museum of Natural History","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Shaffer, H. Bradley","contributorId":202769,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shaffer","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"Bradley","affiliations":[{"id":12763,"text":"University of California, Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":1529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70212485,"text":"70212485 - 2018 - Report of the IAU Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements: 2015","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-17T15:20:09.571703","indexId":"70212485","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-23T10:03:07","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1201,"text":"Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Report of the IAU Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements: 2015","docAbstract":"This report continues the practice where the IAU Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements revises recommendations regarding those topics for the planets, satellites, minor planets, and comets approximately every three years. The Working Group has now become a “functional working group” of the IAU and its membership is open to anyone interested in participating. We describe the procedure for submitting questions about the recommendations given here or the application of these recommendations for creating a new or updated coordinate system for a given body. Regarding body orientation, the following bodies have been updated: Mercury, based on MESSENGER results; Mars, along with a refined longitude definition; Phobos; Deimos; (1) Ceres; (52) Europa; (243) Ida; (2867) Šteins; Neptune; (134340) Pluto and its satellite Charon; comets 9P/Tempel 1, 19P/Borrelly, 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, and 103P/Hartley 2, noting that such information is valid only between specific epochs. The special challenges related to mapping 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko are also discussed. Approximate expressions for the Earth have been removed in order to avoid confusion, and the low precision series expression for the Moon’s orientation has been removed. The previously on-line only recommended orientation model for (4) Vesta is repeated with an explanation of how it was updated. Regarding body shape, text has been included to explain the expected uses of such information, and the relevance of the cited uncertainty information. The size of the Sun has been updated and notation added that the size and the ellipsoidal axes for the Earth and Jupiter have been recommended by an IAU Resolution. The distinction of a reference radius for a body (here, the Moon and Titan) is made between cartographic uses, and for orthoprojection and geophysical uses. The recommended radius for Mercury has been updated based on MESSENGER results. The recommended radius for Titan is returned to its previous value. Size information has been updated for 13 other Saturnian satellites and added for Aegaeon. The sizes of Pluto and Charon have been updated. Size information has been updated for (1) Ceres and given for (16) Psyche and (52) Europa. The size of (25143) Itokawa has been corrected. In addition, the discussion of terminology for the poles (hemispheres) of small bodies has been modified and a discussion on cardinal directions added. Although they continue to be used for planets and their satellites, it is assumed that the planetographic and planetocentric coordinate system definitions do not apply to small bodies. However, planetocentric and planetodetic latitudes and longitudes may be used on such bodies, following the right-hand rule. We repeat our previous recommendations that planning and efforts be made to make controlled cartographic products; newly recommend that common formulations should be used for orientation and size; continue to recommend that a community consensus be developed for the orientation models of Jupiter and Saturn; newly recommend that historical summaries of the coordinate systems for given bodies should be developed, and point out that for planets and satellites planetographic systems have generally been historically preferred over planetocentric systems, and that in cases when planetographic coordinates have been widely used in the past, there is no obvious advantage to switching to the use of planetocentric coordinates. The Working Group also requests community input on the question submitting process, posting of updates to the Working Group website, and on whether recommendations should be made regarding exoplanet coordinate systems.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10569-017-9805-5","usgsCitation":"Archinal, B., Acton, C.H., A’Hearn, M., Conrad, A., Consolmagno, G.J., Duxbury, T., D. Hestroffer, Hilton, J., Kirk, R.L., Klioner, S., McCarthy, D., Meech, K., Oberst, J., Ping, J., Seidelmann, P.K., Tholen, D.J., Thomas, P.C., and Williams, I.P., 2018, Report of the IAU Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements: 2015: Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy, v. 130, 22, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s10569-017-9805-5.","productDescription":"22, 46 p.","ipdsId":"IP-090015","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":377575,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"130","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Archinal, Brent A. 0000-0002-6654-0742","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6654-0742","contributorId":206341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archinal","given":"Brent A.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":796499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Acton, C. H.","contributorId":238761,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Acton","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":47757,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, U.S.A.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"A’Hearn, M. F.","contributorId":238762,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"A’Hearn","given":"M. F.","affiliations":[{"id":47758,"text":"University of Maryland, College Park, MD, U.S.A (deceased)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Conrad, A.","contributorId":238763,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conrad","given":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":47759,"text":"Large Binocular Telescope Observatory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Consolmagno, G. J.","contributorId":238764,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Consolmagno","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":47760,"text":"Vatican Observatory, Vatican City State","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Duxbury, T.","contributorId":238765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duxbury","given":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":47761,"text":"George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, U.S.A.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"D. Hestroffer","contributorId":238766,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"D. Hestroffer","affiliations":[{"id":47762,"text":"IMCCE, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS, Paris, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hilton, J. 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A.","affiliations":[{"id":47765,"text":"Technische Universität Dresden, Lohrmann Observatory, Dresden, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"McCarthy, D.","contributorId":238770,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCarthy","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47766,"text":"U.S. Naval Observatory (retired), Washington, DC, U.S.A.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Meech, K.","contributorId":238771,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meech","given":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":47766,"text":"U.S. Naval Observatory (retired), Washington, DC, U.S.A.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Oberst, J.","contributorId":238772,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oberst","given":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":47767,"text":"DLR Berlin Adlershof, Berlin, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Ping, J.","contributorId":238773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ping","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47768,"text":"Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Shanghai, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Seidelmann, P. 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C.","contributorId":238776,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":47771,"text":"Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, U.S.A.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Williams, I. P.","contributorId":238777,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"I.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":47772,"text":"Queen Mary, University of London, London, U.K.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}} ,{"id":70208286,"text":"70208286 - 2018 - AutoCNet: A Python library for sparse multi-image correspondence identification for planetary data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-03T09:55:23","indexId":"70208286","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-23T09:47:28","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5923,"text":"SoftwareX","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"AutoCNet: A Python library for sparse multi-image correspondence identification for planetary data","docAbstract":"In this work we describe the AutoCNet library, written in Python, to support the application of Computer Vision techniques for n-image correspondence identication in remotely sensed planetary images and subsequent bundle adjustment. The library is designed to support exploratory data analysis, algorithm and processing pipeline development, and application at scale in High Performance Computing (HPC) environments for processing large data sets and generating foundational data products. We also present a brief case study illustrating high level usage for the Apollo 15 Metric camera.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.softx.2018.02.001","usgsCitation":"Laura, J.R., Rodriguez, K., Paquette, A., and Dunn, E., 2018, AutoCNet: A Python library for sparse multi-image correspondence identification for planetary data: SoftwareX, v. 7, p. 37-40, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2018.02.001.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"40","ipdsId":"IP-091361","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488879,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2018.02.001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":371913,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Laura, Jason R. 0000-0002-1377-8159 jlaura@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1377-8159","contributorId":5603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laura","given":"Jason","email":"jlaura@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":781261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rodriguez, Kelvin 0000-0001-7972-0235","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7972-0235","contributorId":222121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Kelvin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":781262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paquette, Adam 0000-0001-5666-1105","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5666-1105","contributorId":222122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paquette","given":"Adam","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":781263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dunn, Evin 0000-0001-9379-7781","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9379-7781","contributorId":222123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunn","given":"Evin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":781264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70187785,"text":"sir20175051 - 2018 - Status and understanding of groundwater quality in the North San Francisco Bay Shallow Aquifer study unit, 2012; California GAMA Priority Basin Project (ver. 1.1, February 2018)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-26T10:42:16","indexId":"sir20175051","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5051","title":"Status and understanding of groundwater quality in the North San Francisco Bay Shallow Aquifer study unit, 2012; California GAMA Priority Basin Project (ver. 1.1, February 2018)","docAbstract":"Groundwater quality in the North San Francisco Bay Shallow Aquifer study unit (NSF-SA) was investigated as part of the Priority Basin Project of the California Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program. The study unit is in Marin, Mendocino, Napa, Solano, and Sonoma Counties and included two physiographic study areas: the Valleys and Plains area and the surrounding Highlands area. The NSF-SA focused on groundwater resources used for domestic drinking water supply, which generally correspond to shallower parts of aquifer systems than that of groundwater resources used for public drinking water supply in the same area. The assessments characterized the quality of untreated groundwater, not the quality of drinking water.
This study included three components: (1) a status assessment, which characterized the status of the quality of the groundwater resources used for domestic supply for 2012; (2) an understanding assessment, which evaluated the natural and human factors potentially affecting water quality in those resources; and (3) a comparison between the groundwater resources used for domestic supply and those used for public supply.
The status assessment was based on data collected from 71 sites sampled by the U.S. Geological Survey for the GAMA Priority Basin Project in 2012. To provide context, concentrations of constituents measured in groundwater were compared to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and California State Water Resources Control Board Division of Drinking Water regulatory and non-regulatory benchmarks for drinking-water quality. The status assessment used a grid-based method to estimate the proportion of the groundwater resources that has concentrations of water-quality constituents approaching or above benchmark concentrations. This method provides statistically unbiased results at the study-area scale and permits comparisons to other GAMA Priority Basin Project study areas.
In the NSF-SA study unit as a whole, inorganic constituents with human-health benchmarks were detected at high relative concentrations (RCs) in 27 percent of the shallow aquifer system, and inorganic constituents with secondary maximum contaminant levels (SMCL) were detected at high RCs in 24 percent of the system. The inorganic constituents detected at high RCs were arsenic, boron, fluoride, manganese, nitrate, iron, sulfate, and total dissolved solids (TDS). Organic constituents with human-health benchmarks were detected at high RCs in 1 percent of the shallow aquifer system. Of the 148 organic constituents analyzed, 30 constituents were detected, although only 1, chloroform, had a detection frequency greater than 10 percent.
Natural and anthropogenic factors that could affect the groundwater quality were evaluated by using results from statistical testing of associations between constituent concentrations and values of potential explanatory factors. Groundwater age class (modern, mixed, or pre-modern), redox class (oxic or anoxic), aquifer lithology class (metamorphic, sedimentary, or volcanic), and dissolved oxygen concentrations were the explanatory factors that explained distribution patterns of most of the inorganic constituents best. Groundwater classified primarily as pre-modern or mixed in age was associated with higher concentrations of arsenic and fluoride than waters classified as modern. Anoxic or mixed redox conditions were associated with higher concentrations of boron, fluoride, and manganese. Similar patterns of association with explanatory variables were seen for inorganic constituents with aesthetic-based benchmarks detected at high concentrations. Nitrate and perchlorate had higher concentrations in oxic than in the anoxic redox class and were positively correlated with urban land use.
The NSF-SA water-quality results were compared to those of the GAMA North San Francisco Bay Public-Supply Aquifer study unit (NSF-PA). The NSF-PA was sampled in 2004 and covers much of the same area as the NSF-SA, but focused on the deeper public-supply aquifer system. The comparison of the NSF-PA to the NSF-SA showed that there were more differences between the Valleys and Plains study areas of the two study units than between the Highlands study areas of the two study units. As expected from the shallower depth of wells, the NSF-SA Valleys and Plains study area had a lesser proportion of pre-modern age groundwater and greater proportion of modern age groundwater than the NSF-PA Valleys and Plains study area. In contrast, well depths and groundwater ages were not significantly different between the two Highlands study areas. Arsenic, manganese, and nitrate were present at high RCs, and perchlorate was detected in greater proportions of the NSF-SA Valleys and Plains study area than the NSF-PA Valleys and Plains study area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175051","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Bennett, G.L., V, 2018, Status and understanding of groundwater quality in the North San Francisco Bay Shallow Aquifer study unit, 2012; California GAMA Priority Basin Project (ver. 1.1, February 2018): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5051, 74 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175051.","productDescription":"Report: x, 74 p.","numberOfPages":"74","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-053824","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344100,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5051/sir20175051_v1.1.pdf","text":"Report","size":"11.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017-5051 Version 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2018","contact":"California Water Science Center
California GAMA
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, California 95819
With many of the world's migratory bird populations in alarming decline, broad-scale assessments of responses to migratory hazards may prove crucial to successful conservation efforts. Most birds migrate at night through increasingly light-polluted skies. Bright light sources can attract airborne migrants and lead to collisions with structures, but might also influence selection of migratory stopover habitat and thereby acquisition of food resources. We demonstrate, using multi-year weather radar measurements of nocturnal migrants across the northeastern U.S., that autumnal migrant stopover density increased at regional scales with proximity to the brightest areas, but decreased within a few kilometers of brightly-lit sources. This finding implies broad-scale attraction to artificial light while airborne, impeding selection for extensive forest habitat. Given that high-quality stopover habitat is critical to successful migration, and hindrances during migration can decrease fitness, artificial lights present a potentially heightened conservation concern for migratory bird populations.
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Earthquake-induced stress changes have been observed as temporal rotations of the principal stress axes following major earthquakes in a variety of tectonic settings. The stress changes due to the 2011 Mw9.0 Tohoku-Oki, Japan, earthquake were particularly well documented. Earthquake stress rotations can inform our understanding of earthquake physics, most notably addressing the long-standing problem of whether the Earth’s crust at plate boundaries is “strong” or “weak.” Many of the observed stress rotations, including that due to the Tohoku-Oki earthquake, indicate near-complete stress drop in the mainshock. This implies low background differential stress, on the order of earthquake stress drop, supporting the weak crust model. Earthquake stress rotations can also be used to address other important geophysical questions, such as the level of crustal stress heterogeneity and the mechanisms of postseismic stress reloading. The quantitative interpretation of stress rotations is evolving from those based on simple analytical methods to those based on more sophisticated numerical modeling that can capture the spatial-temporal complexity of the earthquake stress changes.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2017JB014617","usgsCitation":"Hardebeck, J.L., and Okada, T., 2018, Temporal stress changes caused by earthquakes: A review: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 123, no. 2, p. 1350-1365, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JB014617.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1350","endPage":"1365","ipdsId":"IP-088291","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351902,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Japan","volume":"123","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee719e4b0da30c1bfc120","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hardebeck, Jeanne L. 0000-0002-6737-7780 jhardebeck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6737-7780","contributorId":841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardebeck","given":"Jeanne","email":"jhardebeck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Okada, Tomomi","contributorId":202692,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Okada","given":"Tomomi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36517,"text":"Tohoku University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}