{"pageNumber":"86","pageRowStart":"2125","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10956,"records":[{"id":70230828,"text":"70230828 - 2018 - Late Holocene paleoceanography in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas, Arctic Ocean, based on benthic foraminifera and ostracodes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-26T14:23:18.006537","indexId":"70230828","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-08T09:16:05","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10575,"text":"Arktos: The Journal of Arctic Geosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Holocene paleoceanography in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas, Arctic Ocean, based on benthic foraminifera and ostracodes","docAbstract":"

Calcareous microfossil assemblages in late Holocene sediments from the western Arctic continental shelf provide an important baseline for evaluating the impacts of today’s changing Arctic oceanography. This study compares 14C-dated late Holocene microfaunal assemblages of sediment cores SWERUS-L2-2-PC1, 2-MC4 and 2-KL1 (57 mwd), which record the last 4200 years in the Herald Canyon (Chukchi Sea shelf), and HLY1302-JPC-32, GGC-30, MC-29 (60 mwd), which record the last 3000 years in the Beaufort Sea shelf off the coast of Canada. Foraminiferal and ostracode assemblages are typical of Arctic continental shelf environments with annual sea-ice cover and show relatively small changes in terms of variability of dominant species. Important microfaunal changes in the Beaufort site include a spike in Spiroplectammina biformis coinciding with a decrease in Cassidulina reniforme in the last few centuries suggesting an increase of Pacific Water influence and decreased sea-ice. There is low-amplitude centennial-scale variability in proportions of benthic foraminiferal species, such as C. reniforme. In addition to these species, Cassidulina teretis s.l., Elphidium excavatum clavatum and Stainforthia feylingi are also common at this site. At the Herald Canyon site in the last few centuries, C. reniforme peaks around 150 years BP and then decreases while Spiroplectammina earlandi spikes and Acanthocythereis dunelmensis decreases also suggesting an increase in Pacific Water influence and decreased sea-ice at this site. This site also includes Buccella spp. and Elphidium excavatum clavatum. Differences in benthic foraminifera and ostracode species dominance between the two sites may be due to a greater influence of Pacific Water in the Chukchi shelf, compared to the more distal Beaufort shelf, which is also affected by the Beaufort Gyre and the Mackenzie River.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s41063-018-0058-7","usgsCitation":"Seidenstein, J.L., Cronin, T.M., Gemery, L., Keigwin, L., Pearce, C., Jakobsson, M., Coxall, H.K., Wei, E., and Driscoll, N., 2018, Late Holocene paleoceanography in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas, Arctic Ocean, based on benthic foraminifera and ostracodes: Arktos: The Journal of Arctic Geosciences, v. 4, no. 1, p. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1007/s41063-018-0058-7.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","ipdsId":"IP-138468","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":399666,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, Russia, United States","otherGeospatial":"Arctic Ocean, Beaufort Sea, Chukchi Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -179.9,\n 69\n ],\n [\n -105.46875,\n 69\n ],\n [\n -105.46875,\n 81.72318761821155\n ],\n [\n -179.9,\n 81.72318761821155\n ],\n [\n -179.9,\n 69\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -178.9453125,\n 64\n ],\n [\n -161.015625,\n 64\n ],\n [\n -161.015625,\n 69\n ],\n [\n -178.9453125,\n 69\n ],\n [\n -178.9453125,\n 64\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seidenstein, Julia Lynn 0000-0002-0585-1977","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0585-1977","contributorId":290625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seidenstein","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"Lynn","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":841420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cronin, Thomas M. 0000-0002-2643-0979 tcronin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":2579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"Thomas","email":"tcronin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":841421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gemery, Laura 0000-0003-1966-8732","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1966-8732","contributorId":245413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gemery","given":"Laura","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":841422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keigwin, Lloyd D","contributorId":290627,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keigwin","given":"Lloyd D","affiliations":[{"id":62458,"text":"Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":841423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pearce, Christof","contributorId":197126,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pearce","given":"Christof","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25421,"text":"Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":841424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jakobsson, Martin","contributorId":166854,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jakobsson","given":"Martin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24562,"text":"Stockholm University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":841425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Coxall, Helen K","contributorId":290629,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coxall","given":"Helen","email":"","middleInitial":"K","affiliations":[{"id":62460,"text":"Stockholm University, Stockholm Sweden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":841426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wei, Emily A","contributorId":290630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wei","given":"Emily A","affiliations":[{"id":62462,"text":"University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":841427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Driscoll, Neal W.","contributorId":261210,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Neal W.","affiliations":[{"id":38264,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":841428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70198485,"text":"70198485 - 2018 - Seismic evidence for significant melt beneath the Long Valley Caldera, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-30T14:51:45","indexId":"70198485","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-06T12:14:31","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic evidence for significant melt beneath the Long Valley Caldera, California, USA","docAbstract":"

A little more than 760 ka ago, a supervolcano on the eastern edge of California (United States) underwent one of North America's largest Quaternary explosive eruptions. Over this ~6-day-long eruption, pyroclastic flows blanketed the surrounding ~50 km with more than 1400 km3 of the now-iconic Bishop Tuff, with ashfall reaching as far east as Nebraska. Collapse of the volcano's magma reservoir created the restless Long Valley Caldera. Although no rhyolitic eruptions have occurred in 100 k.y., beginning in 1978, ongoing uplift suggests new magma may have intruded into the reservoir. Alternatively, the reservoir could be approaching final crystallization, with present-day uplift related to the expulsion of fluid from the last vestiges of melt. Despite 40 years of diverse investigations, the presence of large volumes of melt in Long Valley's magma reservoir remain unresolved. Here we show, through full waveform seismic tomography, a mid-crustal zone of low shear-wave velocity. We estimate the reservoir contains considerable quantities of melt, >1000 km3, at melt fractions as high as ~27%. While supervolcanoes like Long Valley are rare, understanding the volume and concentration of melt in their magma reservoirs is critical for determining their potential hazard.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/G45094.1","usgsCitation":"Flinders, A.F., Shelly, D.R., Dawson, P.B., Hill, D.P., Tripoli, B., and Shen, Y., 2018, Seismic evidence for significant melt beneath the Long Valley Caldera, California, USA: Geology, v. 46, no. 9, p. 799-802, https://doi.org/10.1130/G45094.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"799","endPage":"802","ipdsId":"IP-094906","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460869,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/g45094.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":356189,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Long Valley Caldera","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 38.75\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 38.75\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 37\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc3dce4b0f5d57878e90d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flinders, Ashton F. 0000-0003-2483-4635 aflinders@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2483-4635","contributorId":196960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flinders","given":"Ashton","email":"aflinders@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":153,"text":"California Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":741635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shelly, David R. 0000-0003-2783-5158 dshelly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2783-5158","contributorId":206750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelly","given":"David","email":"dshelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dawson, Phillip B. 0000-0003-4065-0588 dawson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4065-0588","contributorId":206751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"Phillip","email":"dawson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hill, David P. 0000-0002-1619-2006 dhill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1619-2006","contributorId":206752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"David","email":"dhill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tripoli, Barbara 0000-0002-1663-3991","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1663-3991","contributorId":206753,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tripoli","given":"Barbara","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37390,"text":"Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shen, Yang","contributorId":206754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shen","given":"Yang","affiliations":[{"id":37391,"text":"University of Rhode Island, Graduate School of Oceanography","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70197182,"text":"sim3407 - 2018 - Geologic map of the Hayfield quadrangle, Frederick County, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-06T11:27:20","indexId":"sim3407","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-01T16:45:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3407","displayTitle":"Geologic Map of the Hayfield Quadrangle, Frederick County, Virginia","title":"Geologic map of the Hayfield quadrangle, Frederick County, Virginia","docAbstract":"

The Hayfield 7.5-minute quadrangle is located within the Valley and Ridge physiographic province of northern Virginia. The quadrangle includes the topographical lowland area of the northern Great Valley to the southeast, the narrow ridge of Little North Mountain along the western edge of the Great Valley, and the broad region of elongated valleys and ridges west of Little North Mountain. The most prominent physiographic feature within the quadrangle is Great North Mountain, which extends across the northwestern portion of the quadrangle. All exposed bedrock units are Paleozoic sedimentary rocks ranging from Middle Cambrian to Late Devonian, approximately 513 to 359 Ma. The clastic and carbonate sedimentary strata in the quadrangle reflect nearshore and offshore marine and deltaic depositional environments. The deposits indicate minor sea level transgression and regression cycles along a passive continental margin during the Late Cambrian to Middle Ordovician, and major sea level changes resulting from tectonic uplift during the Late Ordovician Taconian orogeny and the Middle to Late Devonian Acadian orogeny. Compressive forces caused by the continental collision during the Paleozoic Alleghanian orogeny resulted in folding and faulting of the sedimentary rock strata, with northwestward tectonic transport. The North Mountain fault zone, spanning across the southeastern part of the quadrangle, forms the western border of the Great Valley in northern Virginia and is a series of northeast-trending thrust faults with multiple splays that separate the Silurian and Devonian shales, siltstones, and sandstones from the Cambrian and Ordovician carbonate rocks and shales. Topographic ridges in the quadrangle are primarily held up by sandstones and orthoquartzites that are relatively resistant to erosion. Surficial materials include unconsolidated alluvium, colluvium, debris flow, and terrace deposits that are assumed to be of Quaternary age. Alluvium was mapped along the larger streams; locally, some low alluvial terraces exist but have not been broken out within this unit. Debris flow deposits were mapped where recognized in the lidar-derived topographic imagery on the flanks of Great North Mountain. Colluvium (not mapped separately) covers most of the steeper slopes and fills the bottoms of many of the mountain hollows, and is composed mainly of sandstone boulders and cobbles, and fragments of chert.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3407","usgsCitation":"Doctor, D.H., and Parker, R.A., 2018, Geologic map of the Hayfield quadrangle, Frederick County, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3407, scale 1:24,000, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3407.","productDescription":"Sheet: 51.92 x 39.43 inches; Geodatabase; Metadata; Spatial Data; Readme","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-086133","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355995,"rank":4,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3407/sim3407_geodatabase.zip","text":"Geodatabase","size":"139 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":354353,"rank":2,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3407/sim3407.pdf","size":"40.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3407"},{"id":355996,"rank":5,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3407/sim3407_shapefiles.zip","text":"Shapefiles","size":"1.09 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":355997,"rank":6,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3407/sim3407_readme.txt","text":"Readme","size":"1.94 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":354354,"rank":3,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3407/sim3407_metadata.zip","text":"Metadata","size":"202 KB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":354352,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3407/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":361043,"rank":7,"type":{"id":12,"text":"Errata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3407/errata.txt","text":"SIM 3407","size":"1 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","county":"Frederick County","otherGeospatial":"Hayfield Quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.25,\n 39.125\n ],\n [\n -78.375,\n 39.125\n ],\n [\n -78.375,\n 39.25\n ],\n [\n -78.25,\n 39.25\n ],\n [\n -78.25,\n 39.125\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, MS 926A
Reston, VA 20192

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"publishedDate":"2018-08-01","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc3e9e4b0f5d57878e92f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doctor, Daniel H. 0000-0002-8338-9722 dhdoctor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8338-9722","contributorId":2037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doctor","given":"Daniel","email":"dhdoctor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parker, Ronald A.","contributorId":205044,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parker","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37024,"text":"unaffiliated, formerly with the USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70198632,"text":"70198632 - 2018 - Gas emissions, tars, and secondary minerals at the Ruth Mullins and Tiptop coal mine fires","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-14T13:33:07","indexId":"70198632","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-01T13:33:02","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gas emissions, tars, and secondary minerals at the Ruth Mullins and Tiptop coal mine fires","docAbstract":"

Both the Tiptop and Ruth Mullins coal fires, Kentucky, were reinvestigated in 2009 and 2010. The Tiptop fire was not as active in 2009 and may have been on the path to burning out at the time of the 2009 visit. The Ruth Mullins coal mine fire, Perry County, Kentucky, has been the subject of several field investigations, including November 2009–February 2010 investigations in which we measured gas emissions, collected minerals and tars, and characterized the nature of the fire. Vents exhibiting the greatest gas flux (>100,000 mg/s/m2) are those with the largest amount of condensate minerals and tars. Vents with moderate gas flux (10,000–100,000 mg/s/m2) are less likely to contain condensate minerals, but are collocated with tars, and vents with the lowest flux (<10,000 mg/s/m2) generally lack both minerals and tars. Aliphatic hydrocarbons present in the gases include C1-C9 compounds, and aromatics include BTEX compounds. Diffuse-CO2emissions are concentrated along the fracture zones overlying abandoned mine works. The area of peak diffuse flux corresponds to the trend of the collapsed portal that forms vent 5. The greatest vent emissions were also recorded at vent 5. The snow-melt zone mapped in January 2010 overlies the areas of peak diffuse-CO2 emissions measured in November; together they delineate the zone of active combustion. Comparison of greenhouse gas emissions from the two sources shows that vent emissions exceed diffuse emissions. The highly fractured, quartz-cemented roof rock funnels the majority of emissions toward the vents. Significant decreases are seen in estimates of yearly greenhouse emissions based on data gathered from November 2009 to February 2010, with estimates from November significantly exceeding any previously published estimates. For example, September 2009 estimates from vent 3 alone indicated that 19 ± 7.5 T CO2/yr were emitted while the November 2009 estimates were 1800 ± 690 T/yr. Barometric pressure was lower in November than September. This implies that there are many factors influencing the seasonal variations in fire emissions and that more frequent monitoring will be necessary to derive accurate estimates of coal fires' contribution to the carbon budget.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2018.06.012","usgsCitation":"O’Keefe, J.M., Neace, E.R., Hammond, M.L., Hower, J., Engle, M.A., East, J.A., Geboy, N., Olea, R.A., Henke, K., Copley, G.C., Lemley, E.W., Hatch Nally, R.S., Hansen, A.E., Richardson, A.R., Satterwhite, A.B., Stracher, G.B., Radke, L.F., Smeltzer, C., Romanek, C., Blake, D.R., Schroeder, P.A., Emsbo-Mattingly, S.D., and Stout, S.A., 2018, Gas emissions, tars, and secondary minerals at the Ruth Mullins and Tiptop coal mine fires: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 195, p. 304-316, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2018.06.012.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"304","endPage":"316","ipdsId":"IP-091697","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468538,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2018.06.012","text":"Publisher Index 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Understanding multiple challenges that restrict conservation success is a central task of applied ecology, especially when resources are limited and actions are expensive, such as with reintroduction programs. Simultaneous consideration of multiple hypotheses can expedite identification of factors that most limit conservation success. Since 2001, reintroduction of a migratory population of Whooping Cranes (Grus americana) has been under way in eastern North America. Hatching success, however, has been extremely low. In our study area, in and near Necedah National Wildlife Refuge in central Wisconsin, USA, we simultaneously tested 3 hypotheses explaining poor hatching success: harassment of incubating birds by black flies (Simuliidae), effects of captivity, and inexperience of breeders. When black flies were experimentally suppressed, hatching probability doubled. Daily nest survival for Whooping Cranes was strongly and negatively related to an index of black fly abundance, particularly of Simulium annulus. Daily nest survival was negatively but only weakly related to the number of generations that ancestors of breeding Whooping Cranes had been in captivity and was not related to nesting experience. We also examined whether Whooping Cranes were nesting later to avoid stress from black flies. Phenology shifted earlier with more growing degree days and greater nesting experience and was only weakly related to year. Overall, improved hatching success did not lead to better reproductive success. Although effects of black flies on hatching success can be mitigated through management, such actions would not be adequate to generate satisfactory population growth. Recognition of this limitation was hastened through experimentation.

","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1650/CONDOR-17-263.1","usgsCitation":"Barzen, J.A., Converse, S.J., Adler, P.H., Lacy, A.E., Gray, E., and Gossens, A., 2018, Examination of multiple working hypotheses to address reproductive failure in reintroduced Whooping Cranes: Condor, v. 120, no. 3, p. 632-649, https://doi.org/10.1650/CONDOR-17-263.1.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"632","endPage":"649","ipdsId":"IP-085770","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":366255,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Necedah National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.2471923828125,\n 44.01010167593619\n ],\n [\n -90.0830841064453,\n 44.01010167593619\n ],\n [\n -90.0830841064453,\n 44.25110134697976\n ],\n [\n -90.2471923828125,\n 44.25110134697976\n ],\n [\n -90.2471923828125,\n 44.01010167593619\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"120","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barzen, Jeb A.","contributorId":190797,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barzen","given":"Jeb","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":767674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Converse, Sarah J. 0000-0002-3719-5441 sconverse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3719-5441","contributorId":173772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Converse","given":"Sarah","email":"sconverse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adler, Peter H.","contributorId":89797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adler","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":767675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lacy, Anne E","contributorId":174362,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lacy","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":16606,"text":"International Crane Foundation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gray, Elmer","contributorId":9969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Elmer","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":767677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gossens, Andrew","contributorId":217848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gossens","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":767678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70198375,"text":"70198375 - 2018 - Mississippi Delta: Chapter G in Emergent wetlands status and trends in the northern Gulf of Mexico: 1950-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-31T11:57:46","indexId":"70198375","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-31T11:46:29","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"chapter":"G","title":"Mississippi Delta: Chapter G in Emergent wetlands status and trends in the northern Gulf of Mexico: 1950-2010","docAbstract":"The Mississippi River Delta, the tip of the longest river in North America, is\nlocated in the coastal plains of southeastern Louisiana. The study area included in the\nMississippi River Delta vignette of southeastern Louisiana follows the Mississippi River\nsouthward from Port Sulphur within the modern Plaquemines-Balize Delta lobe (Figure\n1). It extends eastward through Long Bay into California Bay and then encapsulates most\nof the land to the east of the river; it extends south into Lake Washington and Lake\nRobinson, then to the Gulf of Mexico, and includes the land to the west of the river. All\nof this area is within Plaquemines Parish. The mouth of the Mississippi includes four\nsubdeltas (West Bay, Cubit’s Gap, Baptiste Collette, and Garden Island Bay) which\nbegan formation between 1839 and 1891 (Coleman and others, 1998). As of 2010, the\ntotal land area from Venice, LA to the gulf was 357.50 square km (138.03 square miles)\nand had ranged from 208.08 square km (80.34 square miles) to 393.70 square km (152.01\nsquare miles) since 1973 (Couvillion and others, 2011).","largerWorkTitle":"Emergent Wetlands Status and Trends in the Northern Gulf of Mexico: 1950-2010 report","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Lawrence Handley, Spear, K.A., Zapletal, M., Thatcher, C.A., Jones, W.R., and Wilson, S.A., 2018, Mississippi Delta: Chapter G in Emergent wetlands status and trends in the northern Gulf of Mexico: 1950-2010, 19 p.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"19","ipdsId":"IP-096198","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356094,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://gom.usgs.gov/web/documents/Chapter_G_MississippiDelta.pdf"},{"id":356997,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.5,\n 29.5\n ],\n [\n -89,\n 29.5\n ],\n [\n -89,\n 28.9\n ],\n [\n -89.5,\n 28.9\n ],\n [\n -89.5,\n 29.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a297e4b0702d0e842f83","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lawrence Handley","contributorId":206612,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lawrence Handley","affiliations":[{"id":7065,"text":"USGS emeritus","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spear, Kathryn A. 0000-0001-8942-2856 speark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8942-2856","contributorId":1949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spear","given":"Kathryn","email":"speark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zapletal, Mirka","contributorId":206613,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zapletal","given":"Mirka","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25340,"text":"Cherokee Nation Technologies","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thatcher, Cindy A. 0000-0003-0331-071X thatcherc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0331-071X","contributorId":2868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thatcher","given":"Cindy","email":"thatcherc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":741287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jones, William R. 0000-0002-5493-4138 jonesb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5493-4138","contributorId":463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"William","email":"jonesb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wilson, Scott A. 0000-0001-8055-8618 wilsons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8055-8618","contributorId":2360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Scott","email":"wilsons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70197746,"text":"sir20185081 - 2018 - Spatial and temporal trends in selenium in the upper Blackfoot River watershed, southeastern Idaho, 2001–16","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-27T10:23:28","indexId":"sir20185081","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-26T11:59:30","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-5081","title":"Spatial and temporal trends in selenium in the upper Blackfoot River watershed, southeastern Idaho, 2001–16","docAbstract":"

Phosphate mining in southeastern Idaho has been an important economic driver for the region and State for over 100 years, but weathering of mining waste rock has also released selenium into the Blackfoot River. This report analyzes and presents data from three separate but complementary studies monitoring selenium in streams in the region. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management, has been collecting streamflow and water-quality samples year-round on the Blackfoot River above reservoir near Henry, Idaho, (USGS streamgage 13063000) since 2001. Over the same period, the Idaho Department of Environmental Quality (IDEQ) has collected streamflow and water-quality samples from the Blackfoot River and tributaries during spring runoff. Data collected from 2001 to 2012 during these two studies were analyzed previously. This report extends the analysis using new data collected through 2016. This report also presents the results of a joint USGS and IDEQ seepage study conducted in June 2016 in the Blackfoot River near Dry Valley. Although limited in scope, this study explored the hypothesis that unaccounted selenium loading (loading in excess of tributary inputs) in this reach could be caused by groundwater inflow.

USGS dissolved selenium concentration data from streamgage 13063000 on the Blackfoot River and IDEQ data from the mainstem and mining-affected tributaries are highest shortly after peak runoff and correlate with streamflow magnitude. Although earlier analyses indicated increasing selenium concentrations from 2001 to 2012, this study shows that runoff and baseflow dissolved selenium concentrations increased and then decreased during 2001–16. High median runoff concentrations from 2005 through 2011 are associated with high snowpack and streamflow. This result suggests that more snowmelt moving through selenium-bearing waste rock leads to increased instream concentrations. The time lag between peak runoff and then peak selenium concentrations suggests that selenium mobilization may occur as snowmelt percolates through waste rock rather than by faster surface runoff. However, variability in local snow accumulation and snowmelt conditions likely affects interannual variability in selenium concentrations in the mainstem Blackfoot River and tributaries.

In contrast to runoff selenium concentrations, median baseflow (August to October) dissolved selenium concentrations were highest from 2009 to 2013. Aquatic plant senescence and release of selenium is an unlikely explanation for this trend because plants are still growing during this time of year. In addition, this trend is observed during and shortly after the observed period of high snowpack. Thus, increased baseflow selenium concentrations suggest that increased selenium loading to alluvial groundwater may occur during periods of high snowmelt and manifest in later years as higher instream concentrations during baseflows when the majority of streamflow is attributable to groundwater gains.

Runoff-period streamflow and selenium loads were calculated for the tributaries and mainstem Blackfoot River. Selenium loads vary from year to year with mainstem loads greater than the total tributary contributions in some years and less than tributary contributions in other years. In general, East Mill Creek usually accounted for the largest proportion of the total Blackfoot River load, and unaccounted loads (loads in excess of tributary inputs) often occurred in the vicinity of Spring Creek and Dry Valley. The latter observation led the USGS and IDEQ to conduct a seepage study to further investigate groundwater and selenium loading to the Blackfoot River near Dry Valley.

The seepage study results show consistent albeit small unaccounted increases in streamflow and dissolved selenium load in the Blackfoot River near Dry Valley. Field observation of a spring to the north of the river and independent groundwater monitoring data from Dry Valley to the south of the river suggest that alluvial groundwater may discharge to the river from both sides. However, the small unaccounted selenium load measured in the June 2016 study relative to loads measured during runoff suggest that groundwater loading in this reach may occur primarily during runoff. An improved understanding of alluvial groundwater extent, gradient, hydraulic conductivity, and quality would aid in interpreting unaccounted gains and losses in selenium loads in the Blackfoot River.

Finally, State of Idaho selenium water-quality criteria have recently shifted to a hierarchical fish tissue and water concentration scheme. This report summarizes existing fish tissue and water-quality data in the mainstem and offers considerations for future selenium monitoring in the Blackfoot River.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20185081","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management and the Idaho Department of Environmental Quality","usgsCitation":"Zinsser, L.M., Mebane, C.A., Mladenka, G.C., Van Every, L.R., and Williams, M.L., 2018, Spatial and temporal trends in selenium in the upper Blackfoot River watershed, southeastern Idaho, 2001–16: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018-5081, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185081.","productDescription":"vi, 37 p.","numberOfPages":"48","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-090359","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355978,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5081/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":355979,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5081/sir20185081.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 20185081"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Upper Blackfoot River Watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.63414001464844,\n 42.5\n ],\n [\n -111,\n 42.5\n ],\n [\n -111,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -111.63414001464844,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -111.63414001464844,\n 42.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Idaho Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
230 Collins Road
Boise, Idaho 83702

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"publishedDate":"2018-07-26","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc3f3e4b0f5d57878e969","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zinsser, Lauren M. 0000-0002-8582-066X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8582-066X","contributorId":206486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zinsser","given":"Lauren M.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":738367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mebane, Christopher A. 0000-0002-9089-0267 cmebane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9089-0267","contributorId":110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mebane","given":"Christopher","email":"cmebane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":738368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mladenka, Greg C.","contributorId":206502,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mladenka","given":"Greg","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6912,"text":"Idaho Department of Environmental Quality","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":738369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Van Every, Lynn R.","contributorId":206503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Every","given":"Lynn","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6912,"text":"Idaho Department of Environmental Quality","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":738370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Williams, Marshall L.","contributorId":206504,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Marshall L.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":738371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70198172,"text":"sir20185073 - 2018 - Geochemistry and microbiology of groundwater and solids from extraction and monitoring wells and their relation to well efficiency at a Federally operated confined disposal facility, East Chicago, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-24T12:44:39","indexId":"sir20185073","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-24T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-5073","title":"Geochemistry and microbiology of groundwater and solids from extraction and monitoring wells and their relation to well efficiency at a Federally operated confined disposal facility, East Chicago, Indiana","docAbstract":"

In cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Chicago District, the U.S. Geological Survey investigated the processes affecting water quality, geochemistry, and microbiology in representative extraction and monitoring wells at a confined disposal facility (CDF) in East Chicago, Indiana. The CDF is a 140-acre Federally-managed facility that was the former location of an oil refinery and is now used for the long-term disposal and storage of dredge material from the Indiana Harbor and Indiana Harbor Canal. Residual petroleum hydrocarbons and leachate from the CDF are contained within the facility by use of a groundwater cutoff wall. The wall consists of a soil-bentonite slurry and a gradient control system made up of an automated network of 96 extraction wells, 42 monitoring wells, and 2 ultrasonic sensors that maintain an inward hydraulic gradient at the site. The pumps in the extraction wells require vigilant maintenance and must be replaced when unable to withdraw water at a rate sufficient to maintain the required inward gradient. The wells are screened in the Calumet aquifer, a coarse-grained sand and gravel unit that extends approximately 35 feet below the land surface and is not utilized for drinking-water supply at the CDF or in the surrounding area. This study was initiated to identify the cause of decreased pump discharges and to identify potential mitigation strategies.

For this study, the U.S. Geological Survey collected groundwater and solids from monitoring and extraction wells. Groundwater samples were collected during June 2014 for precautionary health screening and on four occasions during September 2014 through November 2014. Groundwater samples collected from two extraction wells during June 2014 were analyzed for concentrations of anthropogenic organic constituents. During September through November 2014, groundwater samples were collected from one additional extraction well, and samples from three monitoring wells were analyzed for concentrations of inorganic and organic constituents, dissolved gases, and bacterial abundance and diversity. Solid samples were collected during April 2014, during September 2014 through November 2014, and during November 2016. Solid samples were collected from the exterior of extraction-well pumps and as flocculent from water samples. Solid samples were collected from 10 wells, including 1 extraction well and 3 monitoring wells sampled for water quality. Solid samples were analyzed for mineralogy, solid-phase habit, geochemistry, and organic composition.

The following is a list of observations that were made during this study: (1) the water quality is substantially variable among the six well locations sampled as part of this study—lower (more negative) redox values and higher concentrations of many constituents (including calcium, magnesium, sodium, and sulfate) and properties (including dissolved solids, hardness, and turbidity) were detected in sampled wells located near the extraction wells with the highest frequency of failure; (2) water-level drawdown is variable between extraction wells—wells with the greatest drawdown may pull deeper groundwater into the borehole; (3) dissolved gas results indicate reducing oxidation-reduction processes in the aquifer material that can feasibly contribute iron, carbon dioxide, and other byproducts from hydrocarbon degradation to precipitates and solids that accumulate on and impair pump operation; (4) crystalline and amorphous solid-phase minerals are precipitating in the borehole; (5) several types of bacteria are present in water pumped from extraction wells and are likely responsible for bonding mineral and microbiologic matter to the pump (and other well components); and (6) bacteria may create microenvironments that facilitate precipitation of solids or inhibit dissolution of unstable minerals once the bacteria adhere to biofilm attached to the pump. Results of the study indicate that bacteria may be accumulating and entrapping solid material on the exterior of pumps. This accumulation reduces heat transfer and water discharge from the pump and may lead to decreased efficiency or mechanical failure. Observations could not be made on the well screen, gravel pack, or surrounding geologic formation; therefore, mitigating measures in the borehole may not solve well-productivity issues.

Remedies for the pump fouling problems were derived from the review and interpretation of data collected during this study and from information documented in other sources about groundwater well fouling. Potential remedies to problems associated with pump fouling at the CDF may include the following: (1) reducing attractiveness of the extraction wells for microbiological growth by modifying the chemical or physical environment of the well, (2) modifying the pump exterior to decrease microbiological adherence, (3) changing the pumping regime to control the chemistry of water entering the well from the surrounding aquifer material, (4) modifying the pumps to be less physically and thermally attractive, and (5) removing hydrocarbons from groundwater and the aquifer material surrounding the wells or adding surfactants to make them more mobile. Pilot scale testing may be necessary to identify the most effective treatment or combination of treatments.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20185073","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Bayless, E.R., Cole, T.R., Lampe, D.C., Travis, R.E., Schulz, M.S, and Buszka, P.M., 2018, Geochemistry and microbiology of groundwater and solids from extraction and monitoring wells and their relation to well efficiency at a Federally operated confined disposal facility, East Chicago, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018–5073, 134 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185073.","productDescription":"Report: xi, 134 p.","numberOfPages":"150","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-077148","costCenters":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355818,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5073/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":355819,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5073/sir20185073.pdf","text":"Report","size":"20.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2018-5073"},{"id":355825,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5b1feed8e4b092d96525b0a2","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"X-ray diffraction trace analysis of solid phase samples collected from groundwater wells at a confined disposal facility in East Chicago, Indiana"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","city":"East Chicago","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.52395629882812,\n 41.59105362325491\n ],\n [\n -87.32585906982422,\n 41.59105362325491\n ],\n [\n -87.32585906982422,\n 41.71444263601197\n ],\n [\n -87.52395629882812,\n 41.71444263601197\n ],\n [\n -87.52395629882812,\n 41.59105362325491\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5957 Lakeside Boulevard
Indianapolis, IN 46278

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"publishedDate":"2018-07-24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc3f4e4b0f5d57878e96f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bayless, Randall E. 0000-0002-0357-3635 ebayless@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0357-3635","contributorId":191766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bayless","given":"Randall","email":"ebayless@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":740415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cole, Travis R. 0000-0002-0935-381X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0935-381X","contributorId":206437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"Travis","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lampe, David C. 0000-0002-8904-0337 dclampe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8904-0337","contributorId":2441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lampe","given":"David","email":"dclampe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Travis, R. E. 0000-0001-8601-7791 rtravis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8601-7791","contributorId":206438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Travis","given":"R.","email":"rtravis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schulz, Marjorie S. 0000-0001-5597-6447 mschulz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5597-6447","contributorId":3720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"Marjorie S.","email":"mschulz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Buszka, Paul M. 0000-0001-8218-826X pmbuszka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8218-826X","contributorId":1786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buszka","given":"Paul","email":"pmbuszka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70197819,"text":"sir20185082 - 2018 - Preliminary groundwater salinity mapping near selected oil fields using historical water-sample data, central and southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-25T09:35:33","indexId":"sir20185082","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-5082","title":"Preliminary groundwater salinity mapping near selected oil fields using historical water-sample data, central and southern California","docAbstract":"

The distribution of groundwater salinity was mapped for 31 oil fields and adjacent aquifers and summarized by 8 subregions across major oil-producing areas of central and southern California. The objectives of this study were to describe the distribution of groundwater near oil fields having total dissolved solids less than 10,000 milligrams per liter (mg/L) based on available data and to document where data gaps exist. Salinity was represented by the measured or calculated concentration of total dissolved solids (TDS) in samples of produced water obtained from petroleum wells and groundwater obtained from water wells. The water chemistry data were used to estimate the minimum depths of TDS greater than 3,000 mg/L and greater than 10,000 mg/L in areas near selected oil fields using historical water-chemistry data coupled with available well-location and construction information.

The 10,000 mg/L threshold, representing the highest level of TDS concentration of water that could be considered as a potential source of drinking water, was present in all but 4 (Jasmin, Kern Bluff, Kern Front, and Mount Poso) of the 31 individual oil fields. Among petroleum wells, the median TDS concentration of produced water ranged from 500 mg/L for the Jasmin field to 32,636 mg/L for the Elk Hills field. Among water wells, median TDS concentrations, either reported or calculated from specific conductance, ranged from 151 mg/L for wells within 2 miles of the Ten Section field to 9,750 mg/L for wells within 2 miles of the combined North and South Belridge fields.

In general, TDS across the eight geographic subregions increased with depth, but the relation of TDS with depth varied regionally. The most pronounced increases in TDS with depth were across the West Kern Valley Floor and West Kern Valley Margin subregions on the west side of the San Joaquin Valley, and in the vicinity of the Wilmington field in the Los Angeles Basin subregion; in these areas, relatively high TDS concentrations greater than 10,000 mg/L were present within the upper few hundred to several thousand feet of land surface. Total dissolved solids concentrations increased more gradually with depth in the Middle Kern Valley Floor subregion, in the South Kern Valley Margin subregion, in the vicinity of the Montebello and Santa Fe Springs fields in the Los Angeles Basin subregion, and in the Central Coast Basin subregion. The Kern Sierran Foothills and East Kern Valley Floor subregions, on the east side of the San Joaquin Valley, had the most gradual increases in TDS with depth. Fields in the East Kern Valley Floor subregion generally had groundwater and produced water with TDS less than 10,000 mg/L that extended to a large depth compared to most other subregions.

Overall, the west side of the San Joaquin Valley in Kern County and the Wilmington field in Los Angeles County generally have the highest TDS values and the shallowest depths to high TDS. High TDS at relatively shallow depths on the west side of the San Joaquin Valley may be because of a combination of natural conditions and anthropogenic factors. In the vicinity of the Wilmington field in the Los Angeles Basin subregion, high TDS at relatively shallow depths is attributable at least in part to seawater intrusion. Fields on the east side of the San Joaquin Valley in Kern County have the lowest TDS and greatest depths to TDS greater than 10,000 mg/L because of their geologic setting adjacent to Sierra Nevada recharge areas.

Reconnaissance salinity mapping was limited by several factors. The primary limitation was the lack of well-construction data for a significant number of water wells. Bottom perforation, well depth, or hole depth were not available for 35 percent of wells used for salinity mapping. A second limitation was variability in data quality. Total dissolved solids and specific conductance data were compiled from different data sources with varying degrees of documentation that ranged from comprehensive to very little or none. As a result, it was not always possible to assess the quality of the provided data with respect to either conditions at each well during sampling or the methodology used for sample collection and analysis. A third limitation was the lack of wells, either petroleum or water, and associated TDS data over large vertical intervals for some fields. As a result, the distribution of salinity and the depths at which TDS concentration exceeds the 3,000 and 10,000 mg/L thresholds could not always be precisely determined. This analysis highlights key gaps that need to be filled with additional analysis of other sources of information, such as borehole geophysical logs and new water sample or geophysical data collection.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20185082","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board and the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Metzger, L.F., and Landon, M.K., 2018, Preliminary groundwater salinity mapping near selected oil fields using historical water-sample data, central and southern California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018–5082, 54 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185082.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 54 p.; Data release","numberOfPages":"64","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-075027","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355849,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7RN373C","linkHelpText":"Water and petroleum well data used for preliminary regional groundwater salinity mapping near selected oil fields in central and southern California"},{"id":355613,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5082/sir20185082_.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2018-5082"},{"id":355612,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5082/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.75622558593749,\n 33.280027811732154\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 33.280027811732154\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -120.75622558593749,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -120.75622558593749,\n 33.280027811732154\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"
Director,
California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, California 95819
","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"publishedDate":"2018-07-24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc3f4e4b0f5d57878e973","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Metzger, Loren F. 0000-0003-2454-2966 lmetzger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2454-2966","contributorId":1378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metzger","given":"Loren","email":"lmetzger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":738649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Landon, Matthew K. 0000-0002-5766-0494 landon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5766-0494","contributorId":392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landon","given":"Matthew","email":"landon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":738648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70198263,"text":"ofr20181118 - 2018 - Survival, travel time, and utilization of Yolo Bypass, California, by outmigrating acoustic-tagged late-fall Chinook salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-24T10:57:48","indexId":"ofr20181118","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-1118","title":"Survival, travel time, and utilization of Yolo Bypass, California, by outmigrating acoustic-tagged late-fall Chinook salmon","docAbstract":"

Juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) migrating through California's Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta toward the Pacific Ocean face numerous challenges to their survival. The Yolo Bypass is a broad floodplain of the Sacramento River that floods in about 70 percent of years in response to large, uncontrolled runoff events. As one of the routes juvenile salmon may utilize, the Yolo Bypass has recently received attention for having potential benefit to rearing and migrating salmon. Consideration is being given to a plan to build a cut or “notch” in the Fremont Weir to increase juvenile salmon access to the Yolo Bypass. To help provide information about the potential benefit of such a plan, we analyzed data from a telemetry study conducted in February and March 2016 by the U.S. Geological Survey and California Department of Water Resources to estimate entrainment into and distribution of juvenile Chinook salmon within the Yolo Bypass, and to compare survival and travel time through the Yolo Bypass to other routes in the Delta. We also estimated juvenile Chinook salmon survival through three short reaches of the Sacramento River where the proposed California WaterFix North Delta Diversion intakes would divert water to export facilities to provide baseline information against which any effects of those intakes could be measured in the future.

We found that entrainment into the Yolo Bypass varied widely and was quite high only at the peak of the March 2016 flood. Spatial distribution of juvenile Chinook salmon within the Yolo Bypass was fairly even for fish entering the Yolo Bypass over the Fremont Weir, but increasingly skewed toward the east bank for fish released within the Yolo Bypass. Survival within Yolo Bypass was not significantly different for fish based on spatial distribution. Survival through the Delta for fish migrating through the Yolo Bypass was generally on par with the weighted survival through the Delta of fish migrating through all other routes. Survival was highest for fish remaining in the Sacramento River and lowest for those entrained into the Interior Delta via Georgiana Slough. Survival through the short section of the Sacramento River near the proposed North Delta Diversion intakes was high.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181118","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California Department of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Pope, A.C., Perry, R.W., Hance, D.J., and Hansel, H.C., 2018, Survival, travel time, and utilization of Yolo Bypass, California, by outmigrating acoustic-tagged late-fall Chinook salmon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018-1118, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181118.","productDescription":"vi, 33 p.","numberOfPages":"44","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-097769","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355940,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1118/ofr20181118.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1118"},{"id":355939,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1118/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Yolo Bypass","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -121.4,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -121.4,\n 38.8\n ],\n [\n -122,\n 38.8\n ],\n [\n -122,\n 38\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Western Fisheries Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6505 NE 65th Street
Seattle, Washington 98115

","tableOfContents":"","publishedDate":"2018-07-23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc3f4e4b0f5d57878e975","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pope, Adam C. 0000-0002-7253-2247 apope@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7253-2247","contributorId":5664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Adam","email":"apope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":740798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perry, Russell W. 0000-0003-4110-8619 rperry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4110-8619","contributorId":2820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Russell","email":"rperry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hance, Dalton J. 0000-0002-4475-706X dhance@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4475-706X","contributorId":206496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hance","given":"Dalton","email":"dhance@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hansel, Hal C. 0000-0002-3537-8244 hhansel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3537-8244","contributorId":2887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansel","given":"Hal","email":"hhansel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70226824,"text":"70226824 - 2018 - Linking the Ukinrek 1977 maar-eruption observations to the tephra deposits: New insights into maar depositional processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-14T12:44:30.908574","indexId":"70226824","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-19T06:39:09","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking the Ukinrek 1977 maar-eruption observations to the tephra deposits: New insights into maar depositional processes","docAbstract":"

The Ukinrek Maars erupted 30 March to 9 April 1977, forming two maars, a line of small pit craters and a tephra blanket extending to ~2 km from the vents. We combine photographic and written observations with stratigraphic analysis to reconstruct the eruption. The eruption began with very low (a few meters high) fountaining from small craters above an inferred east-west-trending dike, creating local scoria/spatter agglomerate ramparts with a sandy matrix. The eruption very quickly (in minutes to hours) centered on the West Maar. The West Maar eruption lasted 1–2 days, starting and ending with phreatomagmatic explosions with weak phreato-Strombolian activity in between. Initial explosions formed a 30-m-wide crater, enlarged by crater-wall collapse, and columns as high as 6500 m. Phreato-Strombolian activity produced ~72% of the erupted volume, including a small spatter cone and a scoria blanket around the vent. A final explosion series emplaced a lithic-rich breccia as ballistic blocks, possibly as the northern half of the final crater collapsed into the southern vent area. The East Maar formed over the last nine days of the eruption and represents ~93% of the total volume (4.6 × 106 m3) of the Ukinrek eruption. Initial explosions were probably shallower than 10–20 m but most of the eruption occurred from explosions at 50–60 m below the pre-eruptive surface, with evidence of explosions to 90 m depth only at the very end of the eruption. The East Maar eruption mostly produced columns of lapilli, ash, and steam and the deposits are mostly fallout. Winds blew fallout mostly to the north for the first 5–6 days and to the south for the last three days of the eruption. Wind-directed pyroclastic density currents collapsed from the column, producing fines-rich layers within the coarser fallout. Sporadic explosions produced weak density currents in the first few days and lithic-and juvenile-block-rich breccias in the last few days of the eruption. We interpret that collapse of the crater walls made a slurry that in part provided the water for phreatomagmatic interaction. Explosions came from depths <90 m below the pre-eruptive surface except for a few explosions at the end of the eruption, with most occurring at <70 m depth. The East Maar crater was open to 40–60 m depth throughout most of the eruption, so the explosions were rarely, if ever, deeper than 30 m below the crater floor. Thus, we infer there is no classic, well-formed diatreme structure below the maar. Collapse of the East Maar crater walls provided a supply of water-saturated sediment for much of the phreatomagmatic activity, which came from two vents that did not migrate much, if at all, during the eruption. The Ukinrek Maars deposits were nearly entirely emplaced by fallout, rather than density currents, from explosions and low columns.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2018.07.005","usgsCitation":"Ort, M., Lefebvre, N., Neal, C.A., McConnell, V., and Wohletz, K., 2018, Linking the Ukinrek 1977 maar-eruption observations to the tephra deposits: New insights into maar depositional processes: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 360, p. 36-60, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2018.07.005.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"36","endPage":"60","ipdsId":"IP-096925","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":392844,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Ukinrek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.80099487304688,\n 57.69240553526455\n ],\n [\n -156.30661010742188,\n 57.69240553526455\n ],\n [\n -156.30661010742188,\n 57.921412337667526\n ],\n [\n -156.80099487304688,\n 57.921412337667526\n ],\n [\n -156.80099487304688,\n 57.69240553526455\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"360","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ort, Michael","contributorId":270100,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ort","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lefebvre, Nathalie","contributorId":270102,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lefebvre","given":"Nathalie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12483,"text":"ETH Zurich","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Neal, Christina A. 0000-0002-7697-7825 tneal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-7825","contributorId":131135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Christina","email":"tneal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McConnell, Vicki","contributorId":270106,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McConnell","given":"Vicki","affiliations":[{"id":56079,"text":"Geological Society of America","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wohletz, Ken","contributorId":270107,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wohletz","given":"Ken","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48588,"text":"Los Alamos National Lab","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70197890,"text":"sir20185067 - 2018 - Geohydrology, geochemistry, and numerical simulation of groundwater flow and land subsidence in the Bicycle Basin, Fort Irwin National Training Center, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-20T10:09:20","indexId":"sir20185067","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-5067","title":"Geohydrology, geochemistry, and numerical simulation of groundwater flow and land subsidence in the Bicycle Basin, Fort Irwin National Training Center, California","docAbstract":"
Groundwater pumping from Bicycle Groundwater Basin (referred to as Bicycle Basin) in the Fort Irwin National Training Center, California, began in 1967. From 1967 to December 2010, about 46,000 acre-feet of water had been pumped from the basin and transported to the Irwin Basin. During this time, not only did water levels in the basin decline by as much as 100 feet, the quality of the groundwater pumped from the basin also deteriorated in some wells. The U.S. Geological Survey collected geohydrologic data from existing wells, test holes, and 16 additional monitoring wells installed at 6 sites in Bicycle Basin during 1992–2011 to determine the quantity and quality of groundwater available in the basin. Geophysical surveys, including electrical, gravity, and seismic refraction surveys, were completed to help determine the geometry of the structural basin, delineate depths to the interface between Quaternary and Tertiary rocks, map the depth to the water table, and used to develop a geohydrologic framework and groundwater-flow model for Bicycle Basin. Water samples were used to determine the groundwater quality in the basin and to delineate potential sources of poor-quality groundwater. Analysis of stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen in groundwater indicated that presentday precipitation is not a major source of recharge to the basin. Tritium and carbon-14 data indicated that most of the groundwater in the basin was recharged prior to 1952 and had an apparent age of 15,625–39,350 years. Natural recharge to the basin was not sufficient to replenish the groundwater pumped from the basin. Interferograms from synthetic aperture radar data (InSAR), analyzed to evaluate land-surface subsidence between 1993 and 2010, showed 0.23 to 1.1 feet of subsidence during this period near one production well north of Bicycle Lake (dry) playa. A groundwater-flow model of Bicycle Basin was developed and calibrated using groundwater levels for 1964– 2010, and a subsidence model using land-surface deformation data for 1993–2010. Between January 1967 and December 2010, the simulated total recharge from precipitation runoff and underflow from adjacent basins was about 5,100 acre-feet and pumpage from the Bicycle Basin was about 47,000 acrefeet of water. Total outflows exceeded natural recharge during this period, resulting in a net loss of about 42,100 acre-feet of groundwater storage in the basin. The Fort Irwin National Training Center is considering various groundwater-management options in the Bicycle Basin. The groundwater-flow model was used to (1) evaluate changes in groundwater levels and subsidence with the addition of capture and recharge of simulated runoff in retention basins (scenario 1) for predevelopment through 2010; (2) simulate a base case (scenario 2) for reference; and (3) compare projections of alternative future pumping strategies for 2011–60 (scenarios 3–5). Model results from the runoff-capture simulation (scenario 1) indicated that total recharge, including runoff captured using retention basins, locally increased water levels, which partially offset, but did not mitigate, groundwater depletion associated with pumping. Groundwater-storage depletion in scenario 1 was about 14 percent less than without runoff capture. Simulated-drawdown results in model layer 1 in the eastern part of the basin indicated that, because of the captured runoff, simulated heads were as much as 100 feet higher in December 2010 than prior to the onset of development in 1967. In contrast, simulated drawdown for model without runoff capture indicated that, without captured runoff, simulated heads for December 2010 in this area were 80–90 feet lower than during the predevelopment period. Subsidence was mitigated slightly in scenario 1 compared to without runoff capture; the largest decrease in subsidence at observation sites was about 0.07 feet.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20185067","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Fort Irwin National Training Center","usgsCitation":"Densmore, J.N., Woolfenden L.R., Rewis, D.L., Martin, P.M., Sneed, M., Ellett, K.M., Solt, M., and Miller, D.M., 2018, Geohydrology, geochemistry, and numerical simulation of groundwater flow and land subsidence in the Bicycle Basin, Fort Irwin National Training Center, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018–5067, 176 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185067.","productDescription":"xi, 176 p.","numberOfPages":"192","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-077955","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355865,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5067/sir20185067.pdf","text":"Report","size":"12 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2018-5067"},{"id":355864,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5067/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Bicycle Basin, Fort Irwin National Training Center","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.667,\n 35.2667\n ],\n [\n -116.5667,\n 35.2667\n ],\n [\n -116.5667,\n 35.3333\n ],\n [\n -116.667,\n 35.3333\n ],\n [\n -116.667,\n 35.2667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"
Director,
California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, California 95819
","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"publishedDate":"2018-07-19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc3f6e4b0f5d57878e98f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Densmore, Jill N. 0000-0002-5345-6613 jidensmo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5345-6613","contributorId":1474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Densmore","given":"Jill","email":"jidensmo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":738947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woolfenden, Linda R. 0000-0003-3500-4709 lrwoolfe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3500-4709","contributorId":1476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woolfenden","given":"Linda","email":"lrwoolfe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":738948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rewis, Diane L.","contributorId":205953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rewis","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37196,"text":"Retired USGS employee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":738949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Martin, Peter M.","contributorId":205954,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martin","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37196,"text":"Retired USGS employee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":738950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sneed, Michelle 0000-0002-8180-382X micsneed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8180-382X","contributorId":155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sneed","given":"Michelle","email":"micsneed@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":738951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ellett, Kevin M.","contributorId":205955,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ellett","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37197,"text":"Indiana Geological and Water Survey, Indiana University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":738952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Solt, Michael msolt@usgs.gov","contributorId":156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solt","given":"Michael","email":"msolt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":740642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Miller, David M. 0000-0003-3711-0441 dmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":131040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"David M.","email":"dmiller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":740643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70206816,"text":"70206816 - 2018 - Cadmium isotope fractionation during coal combustion: Insights from two U.S. coal-fired power plants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-22T15:17:13","indexId":"70206816","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-18T15:07:40","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cadmium isotope fractionation during coal combustion: Insights from two U.S. coal-fired power plants","docAbstract":"

Coal combustion, one of the principal energy sources of electricity in the United States, produces over 100 million tons of coal combustion products (CCPs) per year in the U.S. The reuse and disposal of CCPs has the potential to release toxic trace elements, including cadmium (Cd), into the environment. In this study, we investigated CCPs, including bottom ash (BA), economizer fly ash (EFA), and fly ash (FA), as well as feed coal (FC) and pulverized coal (PC) collected from two U.S. coal-fired power plants in New Mexico and Ohio with different coal supplies. The New Mexico plant uses high volatile C bituminous, low-sulfur coals mined from the San Juan Basin (Cretaceous Fruitland Formation) and the Ohio plant uses high volatile A bituminous, high-sulfur central Appalachian Basin coals (Upper Pennsylvanian Monongahela Formation). Mineralogical and elemental analysis showed that these CCP samples consist of ∼70% amorphous Al-Si-rich glasses and ∼30% mineral phases of quartz (SiO2) and mullite (Ai6Si2O13). The Cd isotope compositions (δ114Cd, normalized to NIST Cd standard 3108) of FA and EFA samples (ranging from −0.51 to +0.47‰) are distinctively heavier than those of BA samples (−0.75 to −0.52‰) in both power plants. We interpret this Cd isotope difference as a result of Cd condensation from the gas phase during flue gas cooling, instead of evaporation of Cd phase during coal combustion. Cd condensation is the main process to generate the isotopically heavy Cd signatures that preferentially partition on the fine FA particles. We also investigated Cd isotope compositions in different leachate products from a series of batch-leaching experiments with these CCPs, using diluted acetic acid, hydroxyl ammonium chloride, hydrogen peroxide followed by ammonium acetate, and 5% nitric acid, as a possible means to identify CCP-released Cd in the environment. Unusually and significantly heavier Cd isotope compositions were observed in each leachate of FA samples (+1.10 to +7.09‰), which fall far outside from the range of Cd isotope ratios observed in natural soils and rocks, but less so for the EFA samples (−0.43 to +1.18‰). Such an observation is consistent with the interpretation that isotopically heavy Cd preferentially partitions on the fine FA particles after coal combustion and is readily to be released during these leaching experiments. This study demonstrates that high-temperature coal combustion can lead to a very large degree of fractionation of Cd isotopes that can be used as a unique tracer for identifying anthropogenic metal inputs in the environment. The major Cd isotope fractionation process occurs as the Cd gas phase condenses on fine FA particles during the flue gas cooling stage after coal combustion.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2018.06.007","usgsCitation":"Fouskas, F., Lin, M., Engle, M.A., Ruppert, L.F., Geboy, N., and Costa, M.A., 2018, Cadmium isotope fractionation during coal combustion: Insights from two U.S. coal-fired power plants: Applied Geochemistry, v. 96, p. 100-112, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2018.06.007.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"100","endPage":"112","ipdsId":"IP-087791","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468576,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2018.06.007","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":369496,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico, Ohio","volume":"96","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fouskas, Fotio","contributorId":220837,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fouskas","given":"Fotio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":775910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lin, Ma","contributorId":57896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"Ma","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":775911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Engle, Mark A. 0000-0001-5258-7374 engle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5258-7374","contributorId":584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engle","given":"Mark","email":"engle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":775912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ruppert, Leslie F. 0000-0002-7453-1061 lruppert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7453-1061","contributorId":660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppert","given":"Leslie","email":"lruppert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":775913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Geboy, Nicholas J. ngeboy@usgs.gov","contributorId":3860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geboy","given":"Nicholas J.","email":"ngeboy@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":775914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Costa, Matthew A.","contributorId":220838,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Costa","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":775915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70210391,"text":"70210391 - 2018 - Exploring viable geologic interpretations of gravity models using distance-based global sensitivity analysis and kernel methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-02T12:59:15.958554","indexId":"70210391","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-18T07:53:13","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Exploring viable geologic interpretations of gravity models using distance-based global sensitivity analysis and kernel methods","docAbstract":"We have explored ways to integrate alternative geologic interpretations into the modeling of gravity data. These methods are applied to the Vaca Fault east of Fairfield, California, USA, where the structure across the fault is in question, and the Vaca Fault is used as a case study to demonstrate the method. The Vaca Fault is modeled using gravity data collected along a 10 km line perpendicular to the strike of the fault. Of particular interest is how the gravity data might inform on the dip of the Vaca Fault and thickness of the nonmarine section and whether spatial autocorrelation of density internal to the geologic units significantly influences the resulting gravity anomaly. We approach these questions by creating a suite of structural geologic models, which we then populate with geostatistically generated densities and from which the respective synthetic gravity anomalies are calculated. We perform distance-based generalized sensitivity analysis to identify which model inputs most leverage the calculated gravity anomaly. We then use multidimensional scaling to transform the gravity anomalies into a metric space and estimate the posterior probabilities of each structural geologic model using a Bayesian approach. We find that the gravity anomalies are particularly sensitive to zones of autocorrelated density values generated from geostatistical modeling. The structural geologic models most likely to produce gravity anomalies that match the observed data are the moderately dipping normal faults, 45° and 60°, although the probability that the fault dips more steeply, including in a strike slip or reverse fault orientation, is approximately 30%. The probability of a thicker nonmarine unit is 67%, more probable than a thinner nonmarine unit. This suggests that the Vaca Fault dips moderately to the east and truncates a thicker nonmarine unit, but that any further process modeling should include alternatives of the geologic structures.","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/geo2017-0742.1","usgsCitation":"Phelps, G., Scheidt, C., and Caers, J., 2018, Exploring viable geologic interpretations of gravity models using distance-based global sensitivity analysis and kernel methods: Geophysics, v. 5, no. 83, p. G79-G92, https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2017-0742.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"G79","endPage":"G92","ipdsId":"IP-089675","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375240,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.98071289062499,\n 36.721273880045004\n ],\n [\n -118.3447265625,\n 36.721273880045004\n ],\n [\n -118.3447265625,\n 39.791654835253425\n ],\n [\n -123.98071289062499,\n 39.791654835253425\n ],\n [\n -123.98071289062499,\n 36.721273880045004\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"83","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phelps, Geoffrey 0000-0003-1958-2736 gphelps@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1958-2736","contributorId":127489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phelps","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gphelps@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scheidt, Celine","contributorId":225060,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scheidt","given":"Celine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":41031,"text":"Stanford Center for Reservoir Forecasting","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caers, Jef","contributorId":225061,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caers","given":"Jef","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":41032,"text":"Dept of Geological Sciences Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":790145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70198165,"text":"70198165 - 2018 - Controls on submarine canyon head evolution: Monterey Canyon, offshore central California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-19T09:40:54","indexId":"70198165","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Controls on submarine canyon head evolution: Monterey Canyon, offshore central California","docAbstract":"The Monterey submarine canyon, incised across the continental shelf in Monterey Bay, California, provides a record of the link between onshore tectonism, fluvial transport, and deep-marine deposition. High-resolution seismic-reflection imaging in Monterey Bay reveals an extensive paleocanyon unit buried below the seafloor of the continental shelf around Monterey and Soquel canyon heads. Paleocanyons shifted position through numerous phases of cut-and-fill in response to Salinas, Pajaro, and San Lorenzo river extensions and avulsions across the continental shelf during high-frequency Pleistocene sea-level and climatic variations. Five seismic facies within the Monterey paleocanyon unit and below the modern canyon are defined to interpret canyon evolution during the Pleistocene. Repeated sea-level oscillations appear to have switched the main fairway(s) of sediment transport. Large-scale erosion and fill occurred in marine environments. Paleocanyon fill is characterized by paleo-axial channel deposits and mass transport deposits, followed by canyon head abandonment and marine sedimentation. The upper portion of the paleocanyon unit contains relatively small channels that were likely incised by erosion in the paleo-Salinas and Pajaro rivers and filled with a mix of nonmarine and marine deposits. Shifting position of submarine canyons over time is characteristic of Monterey Bay, east of the Monterey Bay Fault Zone, and is likely unidentified in other submarine canyon head regions that lack dense high-resolution seismic-reflection subbottom images. We show that canyon heads can be areas of sediment accumulation linked to sea-level oscillations, providing new insights into submarine canyon evolution and sequence stratigraphy.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2018.06.014","usgsCitation":"Maier, K.L., Johnson, S.Y., and Hart, P.E., 2018, Controls on submarine canyon head evolution: Monterey Canyon, offshore central California: Marine Geology, v. 404, p. 24-40, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2018.06.014.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"24","endPage":"40","ipdsId":"IP-097161","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468577,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2018.06.014","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":355820,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Monterey Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.92529296875,\n 34.831841149828655\n ],\n [\n -121.28906250000001,\n 34.831841149828655\n ],\n [\n -121.28906250000001,\n 38.90813299596705\n ],\n [\n -125.92529296875,\n 38.90813299596705\n ],\n [\n -125.92529296875,\n 34.831841149828655\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"404","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc40ee4b0f5d57878e9ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maier, Katherine L. 0000-0003-2908-3340 kcoble@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2908-3340","contributorId":4926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maier","given":"Katherine","email":"kcoble@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Samuel Y. 0000-0001-7972-9977 sjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7972-9977","contributorId":2607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Samuel","email":"sjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hart, Patrick E. 0000-0002-5080-1426 hart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5080-1426","contributorId":2879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Patrick","email":"hart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70197776,"text":"sir20185080 - 2018 - Simulation of potential groundwater recharge for the glacial aquifer system east of the Rocky Mountains, 1980–2011, using the Soil-Water-Balance Model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-18T14:21:54","indexId":"sir20185080","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-5080","title":"Simulation of potential groundwater recharge for the glacial aquifer system east of the Rocky Mountains, 1980–2011, using the Soil-Water-Balance Model","docAbstract":"

An understanding of the spatial and temporal extent of groundwater recharge is critical for many types of hydrologic assessments involving water quality, contaminant transport, ecosystem health, and sustainable use of groundwater. Annual potential groundwater recharge was simulated at a 1-kilometer resolution with the Soil-Water-Balance (SWB) model for the glacial aquifer system east of the Rocky Mountains, from central Montana east to Maine, for calendar years 1980–2011. The SWB model used high resolution meteorological, land cover, and soil hydrology datasets that are nationally consistent and publicly available. The SWB model computed daily potential groundwater recharge as precipitation in excess of interception, runoff, evapotranspiration, and soil-water storage capacity. Daily potential recharge values within each year of the simulation were summed to produce annual potential recharge rates. Potential recharge as described in this report is water that infiltrates vertically below the plant rooting zone and is assumed to reach the water table.

The calibrated SWB model in this report is called the glacial SWB model. Model calibration assumed that the area contributing to groundwater discharge equaled the surface watershed. The model was calibrated to stream base flows from 39 watersheds throughout the model domain that had hydrologic conditions appropriate for hydrograph separation. Base flows were calculated from daily streamflow records with the HYSEP local minimum hydrograph separation method The glacial SWB model reproduced the mean annual base-flow calibration targets well; the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient was 0.94, and the root mean squared error was 1.28 inches per year.

The glacial SWB model provides insight into the spatial and temporal variability in potential annual recharge across the glacial aquifer system. About 20 percent of the active model area had an average potential recharge rate of less than 1 inch per year. Total precipitation, total recharge, and recharge as a percentage of precipitation increased from west to east. A substantial amount of the recharge water (39 percent) entering the glacial aquifer system travels through developed (urbanized) and agricultural landscapes, which are known to cause water-quality impairments. Regional climatic events, such as the 1988 to 1989 drought, are apparent in the potential recharge time series. Potential recharge generally increased across the glacial aquifer system between 2001 and 2011.

A comparison of the potential recharge from the glacial SWB model to previous broad-scale recharge estimates reveals several important considerations for future SWB modeling applications. Shifts in the overall distribution of potential recharge between separate models can be explained by methods used to generate base-flow calibration target datasets. Spatial patterns in potential recharge simulated by SWB models are strongly dependent on the data and assumptions used to assign model cells to hydrologic soil groups. A review of several SWB models used to estimate groundwater recharge (and not surface runoff) revealed that model results are most sensitive to input climatic data, followed by surface runoff (curve number) and root-zone depth parameters.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20185080","collaboration":"Prepared as part of the Glacial Aquifer System Groundwater Availability Study, a cooperative effort between the U.S. Department of the Interior’s WaterSMART Initiative and the U.S. Geological Survey’s Water Availability and Use Science Program","usgsCitation":"Trost, J.J., Roth, J.L., Westenbroek, S.M., and Reeves, H.W., 2018, Simulation of potential groundwater recharge for the glacial aquifer system east of the Rocky Mountains, 1980–2011, using the Soil-Water-Balance model: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018–5080, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185080.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 51 p.; Tables; Data Release","numberOfPages":"64","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-088856","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science 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Director, Upper Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2280 Woodale Drive
Mounds View, MN 55112

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"publishedDate":"2018-07-18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc410e4b0f5d57878e9b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Trost, Jared J. 0000-0003-0431-2151 jtrost@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0431-2151","contributorId":3749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trost","given":"Jared","email":"jtrost@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":738463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roth, Jason L. 0000-0001-5440-2775","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5440-2775","contributorId":191768,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roth","given":"Jason L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":738464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Westenbroek, Stephen M. 0000-0002-6284-8643 smwesten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6284-8643","contributorId":2210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westenbroek","given":"Stephen","email":"smwesten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":738465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reeves, Howard W. 0000-0001-8057-2081 hwreeves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-2081","contributorId":2307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeves","given":"Howard","email":"hwreeves@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":738466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70198151,"text":"70198151 - 2018 - Assessing the effectiveness of riparian restoration projects using Landsat and precipitation data from the cloud-computing application ClimateEngine.org","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-18T09:48:42","indexId":"70198151","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1454,"text":"Ecological Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the effectiveness of riparian restoration projects using Landsat and precipitation data from the cloud-computing application ClimateEngine.org","docAbstract":"Riparian vegetation along streams provides a suite of ecosystem services in rangelands and thus is the target of restoration when degraded by over-grazing, erosion, incision, or other disturbances. Assessments of restoration effectiveness depend on defensible monitoring data, which can be both expensive and difficult to collect. We present a method and case study to evaluate the effectiveness of restoration of riparian vegetation using a web-based cloud-computing and visualization tool (ClimateEngine.org) to access and process remote sensing and climate data. Restoration efforts on an Eastern Oregon ranch were assessed by analyzing the riparian areas of four creeks that had in-stream restoration structures constructed between 2008 and 2011. Within each study area, we retrieved spatially and temporally aggregated values of summer (June, July, August) normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and total precipitation for each water year (October-September) from 1984 to 2017. We established a pre-restoration (1984–2007) linear regression between total water year precipitation and summer NDVI for each study area, and then compared the post-restoration (2012–2017) data to this pre-restoration relationship. In each study area, the post-restoration NDVI-precipitation relationship was statistically distinct from the pre-restoration relationship, suggesting a change in the fundamental relationship between precipitation and NDVI resulting from stream restoration. We infer that the in-stream structures, which raised the water table in the adjacent riparian areas, provided additional water to the streamside vegetation that was not available before restoration and reduced the dependence of riparian vegetation on precipitation. This approach provides a cost-effective, quantitative method for assessing the effects of stream restoration projects on riparian vegetation.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2018.06.024","usgsCitation":"Hausner, M.B., Huntington, J., Nash, C., Morton, C., McEvoy, D.J., Pilliod, D.S., Hegewisch, K.C., Daudert, B., Abatzoglou, J.T., and Grant, G., 2018, Assessing the effectiveness of riparian restoration projects using Landsat and precipitation data from the cloud-computing application ClimateEngine.org: Ecological Engineering, v. 120, p. 432-440, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2018.06.024.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"432","endPage":"440","ipdsId":"IP-087503","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468582,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2018.06.024","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":355750,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Silvies Valley Ranch","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.2783203125,\n 43.54854811091286\n ],\n [\n -117.59765625,\n 43.54854811091286\n ],\n [\n -117.59765625,\n 45.767522962149876\n ],\n [\n -120.2783203125,\n 45.767522962149876\n ],\n [\n -120.2783203125,\n 43.54854811091286\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"120","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc410e4b0f5d57878e9bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hausner, Mark 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Charles","contributorId":178787,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morton","given":"Charles","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McEvoy, Daniel J.","contributorId":206375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McEvoy","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16138,"text":"Desert Research Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":740268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pilliod, David S. 0000-0003-4207-3518 dpilliod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4207-3518","contributorId":149254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pilliod","given":"David","email":"dpilliod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":740263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hegewisch, Katherine C.","contributorId":195698,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hegewisch","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Daudert, Britta","contributorId":206376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Daudert","given":"Britta","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16138,"text":"Desert Research Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":740270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Abatzoglou, John T.","contributorId":191729,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Abatzoglou","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":33345,"text":" University of Idaho","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":740271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Grant, Gordon E.","contributorId":30881,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grant","given":"Gordon E.","affiliations":[{"id":12647,"text":"U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":740272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70226629,"text":"70226629 - 2018 - Accurate predictions of microscale oxygen barometry in basaltic glasses using V K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy: A multivariate approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-01T12:43:42.425767","indexId":"70226629","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-13T06:39:35","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":738,"text":"American Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accurate predictions of microscale oxygen barometry in basaltic glasses using V K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy: A multivariate approach","docAbstract":"

Because magmatic oxygen fugacity (fO2) exerts a primary control on the discrete vanadium (V) valence states that will exist in quenched melts, V valence proxies for fO2, measured using X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES), can provide highly sensitive measurements of the redox conditions in basaltic melts. However, published calibrations for basaltic glasses primarily relate measured intensities of specific spectral features to V valence or oxygen fugacity. These models have not exploited information contained within the entire XANES spectrum, which also provide a measure of changes in V chemical state as a function of fO2. Multivariate analysis (MVA) holds significant promise for the development of calibration models that employ the full XANES spectral range. In this study, new calibration models are developed using MVA partial least-squares (PLS) regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression to predict the fO2 of equilibration in glasses of basaltic composition directly. The models are then tested on a suite of natural glasses from mid-ocean ridge basalts and from Kilauea. The models relate the measured XANES spectral features directly to buffer-relative fO2 as the predicted variable, avoiding the need for an external measure of the V valence in the experimental glasses used to train the models. It is also shown that by predicting buffer-relative fO2 directly, these models also minimize temperature-relative uncertainties in the calibration. The calibration developed using the Lasso regression model, using a Lasso hyperparameter value of α = 0.0008, yields nickel-nickel oxide (NNO) relative fO2 predictions with a root-mean-square-error of ±0.33 log units. When applied to natural basaltic glasses, the V MVA calibration model generally yields predicted NNO-relative fO2 values that are within the analytical uncertainty of what is calculated using Fe XANES to predict Fe3+/ΣFe. When applied to samples of natural basaltic glass collected in 2014 from an active lava flow at Kilauea, a mean fO2 of NNO-1.15 ± 0.19 (1σ) is calculated, which is generally consistent with other published fO2 estimates for subaerial Kilauea lavas. When applied to a sample of pillow-rim basaltic glass dredged from the East Pacific Rise, calculated fO2 varies from NNO-2.67 (±0.33) to NNO-3.72 (±0.33) with distance from the quenched pillow rim. Fe oxybarometry in this sample provides an fO2 of NNO-2.54 ± 0.19 (1σ), which is in good agreement with that provided by the V oxybarometry within the uncertainties of the modeling. However, the data may indicate that V XANES oxybarometry has greater sensitivity to small changes in fO2 at these more reduced redox conditions than can be detected using Fe XANES.

","language":"English","publisher":"De Gruyter","doi":"10.2138/am-2018-6319","usgsCitation":"Lanzirotti, A., Dyar, M., Sutton, S., Newville, M., Head, E., Carey, C., McCanta, M., Lee, R.L., King, P., and Jones, J., 2018, Accurate predictions of microscale oxygen barometry in basaltic glasses using V K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy: A multivariate approach: American Mineralogist, v. 103, no. 8, https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2018-6319.","ipdsId":"IP-091620","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":392289,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.4174041748047,\n 19.188623199306065\n ],\n [\n -155.05760192871094,\n 19.188623199306065\n ],\n [\n -155.05760192871094,\n 19.484718252643226\n ],\n [\n -155.4174041748047,\n 19.484718252643226\n ],\n [\n -155.4174041748047,\n 19.188623199306065\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"103","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lanzirotti, Antonio 0000-0002-7597-5924","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7597-5924","contributorId":223780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lanzirotti","given":"Antonio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36705,"text":"University of Chicago","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dyar, M. Darby","contributorId":269611,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dyar","given":"M. Darby","affiliations":[{"id":56007,"text":"Department of Astronomy, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, MA 01075, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sutton, Steve","contributorId":269612,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sutton","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56009,"text":"Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Argonne, IL 60439, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Newville, Matthew","contributorId":269613,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Newville","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[{"id":56009,"text":"Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Argonne, IL 60439, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Head, Elisabet","contributorId":269614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Head","given":"Elisabet","affiliations":[{"id":56010,"text":"Department of Earth Science, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL 60625, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Carey, CJ","contributorId":269615,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carey","given":"CJ","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56011,"text":"College of Information and Computer Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McCanta, Molly","contributorId":269616,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCanta","given":"Molly","affiliations":[{"id":56012,"text":"Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lee, R. Lopaka 0000-0002-6352-0340","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6352-0340","contributorId":223777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Lopaka","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":827546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"King, Penelope L.","contributorId":269617,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"King","given":"Penelope L.","affiliations":[{"id":56013,"text":"Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Jones, John","contributorId":269618,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"John","affiliations":[{"id":56014,"text":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration/Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70198093,"text":"70198093 - 2018 - Icebergs in the Nordic Seas throughout the Late Pliocene","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-16T10:46:19","indexId":"70198093","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3002,"text":"Paleoceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Icebergs in the Nordic Seas throughout the Late Pliocene","docAbstract":"The Arctic cryosphere is changing and making a significant contribution to sea level rise. The Late Pliocene had similar CO2 levels to the present and a warming comparable to model predictions for the end of this century. However, the state of the Arctic cryosphere during the Pliocene remains poorly constrained. For the first time we combine outputs from a climate model with a thermodynamic iceberg model to simulate likely source regions for ice‐rafted debris (IRD) found in the Nordic Seas from Marine Isotope Stage M2 to the mid‐Piacenzian Warm Period and what this implies about the nature of the Arctic cryosphere at this time. We compare the fraction of melt given by the model scenarios with IRD data from four Ocean Drilling Program sites in the Nordic Seas. Sites 911A, 909C, and 907A show a persistent occurrence of IRD that model results suggest is consistent with permanent ice on Svalbard. Our results indicate that icebergs sourced from the east coast of Greenland do not reach the Nordic Seas sites during the warm Late Pliocene but instead travel south into the North Atlantic. In conclusion, we suggest a continuous occurrence of marine‐terminating glaciers on Svalbard and on East Greenland (due to the elevation of the East Greenland Mountains during the Late Pliocene). The study has highlighted the usefulness of coupled climate model‐iceberg trajectory modeling for understanding ice sheet behavior when proximal geological records for Pliocene ice presence or absence are absent or are inconclusive.","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2017PA003240","usgsCitation":"Smith, Y.M., Hill, D., Dolan, A.M., Haywood, A.M., Dowsett, H.J., and Risebrobakken, B., 2018, Icebergs in the Nordic Seas throughout the Late Pliocene: Paleoceanography, v. 33, no. 3, p. 318-335, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017PA003240.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"318","endPage":"335","ipdsId":"IP-091705","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468590,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017pa003240","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":355676,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-03-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc416e4b0f5d57878e9d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Yvonne M.","contributorId":206285,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Yvonne","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":739980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, Daniel","contributorId":206286,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hill","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":739981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dolan, Aisling M","contributorId":206287,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dolan","given":"Aisling","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":739982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haywood, Alan M","contributorId":206288,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haywood","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":739983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dowsett, Harry J. 0000-0003-1983-7524 hdowsett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-7524","contributorId":949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"Harry","email":"hdowsett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Risebrobakken, Bjorg","contributorId":206289,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Risebrobakken","given":"Bjorg","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37301,"text":"Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, University of Norway","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":739984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70198798,"text":"70198798 - 2018 - The flathead catfish invasion of the Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-12T15:54:22","indexId":"70198798","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-12T14:06:01","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The flathead catfish invasion of the Great Lakes","docAbstract":"

A detailed review of historical literature and museum data revealed that flathead catfish were not historically native in the Great Lakes Basin, with the possible exception of a relict population in Lake Erie. The species has invaded Lake Erie, Lake St. Clair, Lake Huron, nearly all drainages in Michigan, and the Fox/Wolf and Milwaukee drainages in Wisconsin. They have not been collected from Lake Superior yet, and the temperature suitability of that lake is questionable. Flathead catfish have been stocked sparingly in the Great Lakes and is not the mechanism responsible for their spread. A stocking in 1968 in Ohio may be one exception to this. Dispersal resulted from both natural range expansions and unauthorized introductions. The invasion is ongoing, with the species invading both from the east and the west to meet in northern Lake Michigan. Much of this invasion has likely taken place since the 1990s. This species has been documented to have significant impacts on native fishes in other areas where it has been introduced; therefore, educating the public not to release them into new waters is important. Frequent monitoring of rivers and lakes for the presence of this species would detect new populations early so that management actions could be utilized on new populations if desired.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2018.07.001","usgsCitation":"Fuller, P.L., and Whelan, G., 2018, The flathead catfish invasion of the Great Lakes: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 44, no. 5, p. 1081-1092, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2018.07.001.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1081","endPage":"1092","ipdsId":"IP-090192 ","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460877,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2018.07.001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437829,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7V69HSC","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Flathead catfish occurrence data for the Great Lakes Basin 1890-2017"},{"id":356594,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 49.5\n ],\n [\n -92,\n 49.5\n ],\n [\n -92,\n 40\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"44","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc02fcbe4b0fc368eb53986","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuller, Pamela L. 0000-0002-9389-9144 pfuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9389-9144","contributorId":3217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Pamela","email":"pfuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":742993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whelan, Gary","contributorId":146115,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whelan","given":"Gary","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16584,"text":"Fisheries Division, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, P.O. Box 30446, Lansing, MI 48909","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70205251,"text":"70205251 - 2018 - Reestablishing a host–affiliate relationship: Migratory fish reintroduction increases native mussel recruitment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-13T09:58:58","indexId":"70205251","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-10T11:10:54","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reestablishing a host–affiliate relationship: Migratory fish reintroduction increases native mussel recruitment","docAbstract":"

Co‐extirpation among host–affiliate species is thought to be a leading cause of biodiversity loss worldwide. Freshwater mussels (Unionida) are at risk globally and face many threats to survival, including limited access to viable host fish required to complete their life history. We examine the relationship between the common eastern elliptio mussel (Elliptio complanata) and its migratory host fish the American eel (Anguilla rostrata), whose distribution in the Chesapeake Bay watershed is limited, in part, by dams. We examined population demographics of E. complanata across locations in the Chesapeake Bay watershed, primarily in the Susquehanna River in the absence of American eels, and conducted experimental restocking of eels to assess potential impacts on mussel recruitment. Compared to surveys completed ~20 yr prior, E. complanata could be experiencing declines at several historically abundant sites. These sites also had extremely limited evidence of recruitment. Restoration of host fish improved recruitment, but results were not equivalent between stocking sites, indicating that host reintroduction alone may not be fully effective in reestablishing mussel populations. One site where eels were introduced (Pine Creek, Tioga County, Pennsylvania, USA) experienced an increase from 0 juveniles found during quantitative surveys prior to eel stocking to 151 (21% of individuals collected during quantitative surveys) E. complanata juveniles found four years after stocking. A second site (Buffalo Creek, Union County, Pennsylvania) experienced a more moderate increase from 2 to 7 juveniles found during 2010 and 2014 quantitative surveys, respectively. Continued examination of other potential interacting factors affecting recruitment, including water quality or habitat conditions, is necessary to target favorable sites for successful restoration.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/eap.1775","usgsCitation":"Galbraith, H.S., Devers, J.L., Blakeslee, C.J., Cole, J.C., St. John White, B., Minkkinen, S., and Lellis, W.A., 2018, Reestablishing a host–affiliate relationship: Migratory fish reintroduction increases native mussel recruitment: Ecological Applications, v. 28, no. 7, p. 1841-1852, https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1775.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1841","endPage":"1852","ipdsId":"IP-090648","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":367318,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Buffalo Creek, Pine Creek, Susquehanna 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White","given":"Barbara","email":"bwhite@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":770573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Minkkinen, Steven","contributorId":16734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minkkinen","given":"Steven","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":770574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lellis, William A. 0000-0001-7806-2904 wlellis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7806-2904","contributorId":2369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lellis","given":"William","email":"wlellis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":770575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70197577,"text":"ofr20181097 - 2018 - Preliminary evaluation of the hydrogeology and groundwater quality of the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer and Memphis aquifer at the Tennessee Valley Authority Allen Power Plants, Memphis, Shelby County, Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-19T21:07:45.52464","indexId":"ofr20181097","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-1097","title":"Preliminary evaluation of the hydrogeology and groundwater quality of the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer and Memphis aquifer at the Tennessee Valley Authority Allen Power Plants, Memphis, Shelby County, Tennessee","docAbstract":"

The hydrogeology, groundwater quality, and potential for hydraulic connection between the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer and the Memphis aquifer in the area of the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) Allen Combined Cycle and Allen Fossil Plants in southwestern Memphis, Tennessee, were evaluated from September through December 2017. The study was designed as a preliminary assessment of the potential for leakage of groundwater from the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer through the underlying upper Claiborne confining unit into the underlying Memphis aquifer at the plants. A short-term aquifer test of four of the five Memphis aquifer production wells installed at the Allen Combined Cycle Plant induced drawdown in water levels in the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer, locally. The largest drawdown occurred in the eastern and southeastern parts of the TVA plants area, and generally was coincident with locations where stratigraphic data show increased thickness of and depth to the base of the alluvium and decreased thickness and inferred offset in the base of the confining unit relative to nearby locations. In contrast, stratigraphic data for most other locations at the site indicate shallower depths to the base of the alluvium and more consistent thickness of and depth to the base of the confining unit, which corresponds with areas where less drawdown was observed during the test. Water-quality results for samples from the production wells and from monitoring wells screened in the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer indicate that groundwater with higher dissolved-solids concentrations and tritium from this shallow aquifer has mixed with water in the upper part of the Memphis aquifer at one of the production wells. Results of the study collectively confirm that the Mississippi River Valley alluvial and Memphis aquifers are hydraulically connected near the TVA plants area.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181097","collaboration":"Prepared for the Tennessee Valley Authority in cooperation with the University of Memphis, Center for Applied Earth Science and Engineering Research","usgsCitation":"Carmichael, J.K., Kingsbury, J.A., Larsen, Daniel, and Schoefernacker, Scott, 2018, Preliminary evaluation of the hydrogeology and groundwater quality of the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer and Memphis aquifer at the Tennessee Valley Authority Allen Power Plants, Memphis, Shelby County, Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1097, 66 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181097.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 66 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"78","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-095383","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355577,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9LSM5YU","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Water-level models used to estimate drawdown in 32 monitoring wells screened in the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer and 4 observation wells screened in the Memphis aquifer during an aquifer test at the Tennessee Valley Authority Allen power plants, Memphis, Shelby County, Tennessee, October 2017"},{"id":399134,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_107532.htm"},{"id":355576,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1097/ofr20181097.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018–1097"},{"id":355575,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1097/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","county":"Shelby County","city":"Memphis","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.2208,\n 35.0428\n ],\n [\n -90.1211,\n 35.0428\n ],\n [\n -90.1211,\n 35.1\n ],\n [\n -90.2208,\n 35.1\n ],\n [\n -90.2208,\n 35.0428\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center—Tennessee
U.S. Geological Survey
640 Grassmere Park, Suite 100
Nashville, TN 37211

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"publishedDate":"2018-07-10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e53ee4b060350a15d055","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carmichael, John K. 0000-0003-1099-841X jkcarmic@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1099-841X","contributorId":4554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carmichael","given":"John","email":"jkcarmic@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kingsbury, James A. 0000-0003-4985-275X jakingsb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4985-275X","contributorId":883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kingsbury","given":"James","email":"jakingsb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Larsen, Daniel","contributorId":199300,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larsen","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17864,"text":"University of Memphis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":737821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schoefernacker, Scott","contributorId":205566,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schoefernacker","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17864,"text":"University of Memphis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":737822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70198041,"text":"70198041 - 2018 - Bat community response to silvicultural treatments in bottomland hardwood forests managed for wildlife in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-10T10:13:52","indexId":"70198041","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bat community response to silvicultural treatments in bottomland hardwood forests managed for wildlife in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley","docAbstract":"

Silvicultural treatments (e.g., selective timber harvests) that are prescribed to promote wildlife habitat are intended to alter the physical structure of forests to achieve conditions deemed beneficial for wildlife. Such treatments have been advocated for management of bottomland hardwood forests on public conservation lands in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley. Although some songbirds respond positively to these management actions, and wildlife-forestry indirectly promotes bat prey availability, bat response is largely unknown. Forest structure may affect bat use of bottomland forests due to differences in foraging space or roost sites. We examined the effects of silvicultural treatments that were implemented to promote wildlife habitat on bat species activity. We conducted vegetation surveys and sampled insect biomass within 64 treated and 64 reference stands located on 15 public conservation areas in Arkansas, Louisiana, and Mississippi, USA. We examined the influence of vegetation metrics and insect biomass on acoustic detections of bats during passive nocturnal surveys in these stands. Detections of bat activity were similar between silviculturally treated stands and reference stands, indicating that both managed and reference stands provide habitat for generalist and forest interior bat species. Generalist bat species (e.g., evening bats, eastern red bats, and Seminole bats) were positively associated with increased insect biomass and the amount of dead wood within a stand. Basal area of large trees was positively associated with detection of tri-colored bats and bottomland specialists (Rafinesque’s big-eared bats and myotine bats). Conversely, acoustic detection of bats was negatively associated with increased vegetative density (i.e., clutter). Managers that implement silvicultural treatments to improve desired forest conditions for wildlife can provide habitat for both generalist and forest interior bat species by providing heterogeneous forest structure that includes dead wood, high basal area of large trees, high tree species diversity, and gaps that are sufficiently thinned to allow unimpeded flight by bats.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2018.02.047","usgsCitation":"Ketzler, L.P., Comer, C.E., and Twedt, D.J., 2018, Bat community response to silvicultural treatments in bottomland hardwood forests managed for wildlife in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 417, p. 40-48, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.02.047.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"40","endPage":"48","ipdsId":"IP-095614","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468596,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.02.047","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":355574,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi Alluvial Valley","volume":"417","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e53de4b060350a15d053","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ketzler, Loraine P.","contributorId":187409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ketzler","given":"Loraine","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":32360,"text":"Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":739759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Comer, Christopher E.","contributorId":166690,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Comer","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":32360,"text":"Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":739760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Twedt, Daniel J. 0000-0003-1223-5045 dtwedt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1223-5045","contributorId":398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twedt","given":"Daniel","email":"dtwedt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70197579,"text":"sim3410 - 2018 - Map of recently active traces of the Rodgers Creek Fault, Sonoma County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-16T13:25:56","indexId":"sim3410","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3410","title":"Map of recently active traces of the Rodgers Creek Fault, Sonoma County, California","docAbstract":"

The accompanying map and digital data identify recently active strands of the Rodgers Creek Fault in Sonoma County, California, interpreted primarily from the geomorphic expression of recent faulting on aerial photography and hillshade imagery derived from airborne lidar data. A recently active fault strand is defined here as having evidence consistent with slip during the Holocene epoch (approximately the past 11,700 years). The purpose of the map is to update the fundamental fault dataset for characterizing surface-rupture hazard, siting slip-rate and paleoseismic studies, and studying the geometry and evolution of slip. To serve a range of users, the map is presented in several formats: as an image map, as a digital database for use within GIS, and as a KML file for visualizing the fault using virtual globe software.

Important outcomes of this mapping revision include the following: (1) a northward 17-km increase in the known length of Holocene-active faulting to include most of the Healdsburg Fault, a structural continuation of the Rodgers Creek Fault northwest of a bend in the fault at Santa Rosa; (2) first-time identification of fault strands across the Santa Rosa Creek floodplain in central Santa Rosa; (3) increases in the known width and complexity of faulting; and (4) identification of fault splays that project toward the Bennett Valley-Maacama Fault system to the east and toward a recently mapped active extension of the Hayward Fault to the south beneath San Pablo Bay.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3410","usgsCitation":"Hecker, S., and Randolph Loar, C.E., 2018, Map of recently active traces of the Rodgers Creek Fault, Sonoma County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3410, 7 p., 1 sheet, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3410.","productDescription":"Sheet: 39.85 x 40.25 inches; Pamphlet: iii, 7 p.; Metadata; Spatial data; Read Me","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-094680","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355540,"rank":3,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3410/sim3410_mapsheet.pdf","text":"Map sheet","size":"17.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3410"},{"id":355541,"rank":4,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3410/sim3410_rcf_hfsec.shp.xml","text":"Northern section","size":"40 KB xml","description":"SIM 3410","linkHelpText":" - Healdsburg Fault section of the Rodgers Creek Fault "},{"id":355542,"rank":5,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3410/sim3410_rcf_rcfsec.shp.xml","text":"Southern section","size":"40 KB xml","description":"SIM 3410","linkHelpText":" - Rodgers Creek Fault section of the Rodgers Creek Fault"},{"id":355543,"rank":6,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3410/sim3410_data.zip","text":"Database","size":"1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"SIM 3410"},{"id":355544,"rank":7,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3410/sim3410_rodgerscreekfault.kmz","text":"KMZ file","size":"450 KB kmz","description":"SIM 3410"},{"id":355545,"rank":8,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3410/sim3410_readme.txt","text":"Read Me","size":"3 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"SIM 3410"},{"id":355538,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3410/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":355539,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3410/sim3410_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","size":"350 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3410"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Rodgers Creek Fault","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.4167,\n 38.16667\n ],\n [\n -122.4833,\n 38.16667\n ],\n [\n -122.9833,\n 38.68333\n ],\n [\n -122.8667,\n 38.68333\n ],\n [\n -122.4167,\n 38.16667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Contact Information
Earthquake Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road, MS 977
Menlo Park, CA 94025

","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"publishedDate":"2018-07-06","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e543e4b060350a15d071","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hecker, Suzanne 0000-0002-5054-372X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-372X","contributorId":205568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hecker","given":"Suzanne","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Randolph Loar, Carolyn E.","contributorId":205569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Randolph Loar","given":"Carolyn","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37115,"text":"Stantec Consulting Services Inc","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":737819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70198084,"text":"70198084 - 2018 - Modeling the distributions of tegu lizards in native and potential invasive ranges","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-13T10:13:21","indexId":"70198084","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling the distributions of tegu lizards in native and potential invasive ranges","docAbstract":"

Invasive reptilian predators can have substantial impacts on native species and ecosystems. Tegu lizards are widely distributed in South America east of the Andes, and are popular in the international live animal trade. Two species are established in Florida (U.S.A.) - Salvator merianae (Argentine black and white tegu) and Tupinambis teguixin sensu lato (gold tegu) – and a third has been recorded there— S. rufescens (red tegu). We built species distribution models (SDMs) using 5 approaches (logistic regression, multivariate adaptive regression splines, boosted regression trees, random forest, and maximum entropy) based on data from the native ranges. We then projected these models to North America to develop hypotheses for potential tegu distributions. Our results suggest that much of the southern United States and northern México probably contains suitable habitat for one or more of these tegu species. Salvator rufescens had higher habitat suitability in semi-arid areas, whereas S. merianae and T. teguixin had higher habitat suitability in more mesic areas. We propose that Florida is not the only state where these taxa could become established, and that early detection and rapid response programs targeting tegu lizards in potentially suitable habitat elsewhere in North America could help prevent establishment and abate negative impacts on native ecosystems.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1038/s41598-018-28468-w","usgsCitation":"Jarnevich, C.S., Hayes, M., Fitzgerald, L.A., Yackel, A., Falk, B., Collier, M., Bonewell, L., Klug, P., Naretto, S., and Reed, R., 2018, Modeling the distributions of tegu lizards in native and potential invasive ranges: Scientific Reports, v. 8, e10193; 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-28468-w.","productDescription":"e10193; 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-090713","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468602,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-28468-w","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437831,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9JZZE4W","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data for modeling tegu lizard distributions in the Americas"},{"id":355667,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc418e4b0f5d57878e9e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jarnevich, Catherine S. 0000-0002-9699-2336 jarnevichc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9699-2336","contributorId":3424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarnevich","given":"Catherine","email":"jarnevichc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayes, Mark","contributorId":206268,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayes","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":739938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fitzgerald, Lee A.","contributorId":141035,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fitzgerald","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":739939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yackel, Amy 0000-0002-7044-8447 yackela@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7044-8447","contributorId":152310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackel","given":"Amy","email":"yackela@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Falk, Bryan 0000-0002-9690-5626 bfalk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9690-5626","contributorId":150075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Falk","given":"Bryan","email":"bfalk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Collier, Michelle 0000-0001-5715-448X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5715-448X","contributorId":206269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collier","given":"Michelle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bonewell, Lea","contributorId":206270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonewell","given":"Lea","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Klug, Page 0000-0002-0836-3901","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0836-3901","contributorId":206271,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klug","given":"Page","affiliations":[{"id":37295,"text":"USDA APHIS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":739944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Naretto, Sergio","contributorId":206272,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Naretto","given":"Sergio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37296,"text":"Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":739945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Reed, Robert 0000-0001-8349-6168 reedr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8349-6168","contributorId":152301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Robert","email":"reedr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ]}