In the northwestern Lake Tahoe Basin, Pleistocene basaltic and trachyandesitic lavas form a small volcanic field comprising ∼1 km3 of lava that erupted from seven vents. Most of these lavas erupted subaerially and produced lava flows. However, where they flowed into an early Lake Tahoe (Proto-Tahoe), they produced deltas consisting of hydrovolcanic breccias as well as pillow lavas draped downslope, pillow breccias, hyaloclastites, and mixtures of lava and wet sediments. Consequently, various former shorelines of Proto-Tahoe are marked by subaerial lava flows overlying subaqueous lava deltas. Isolated explosive interactions produced lapilli tuff cones that built upward from vents on the lake floor or grew as littoral cones where subaerial lava flows crossed the shoreline. Six new 40Ar/39Ar ages define three Pleistocene episodes when lava erupted subaerially and flowed into Proto-Tahoe. Three cycles of canyon damming by lava and down-cutting occurred at the outlet of Proto-Tahoe in the Truckee River Canyon. The canyon was dammed at 2.3 Ma by basaltic lavas at Rampart, which raised lake level from ∼1897 m above sea level to 2048 m. The canyon was again dammed at 2.1 Ma by basaltic lavas at the outlet of Proto-Tahoe near Rampart, which raised lake levels from ∼1914 m to 2073 m. And finally, the canyon was again dammed at 0.94 Ma by trachyandesitic lavas at Thunder Cliffs, which raised lake level to 2085 m. Hence, ancient shorelines that are nearly 200 m above the present lake level are documented at 0.94, 2.1, and 2.3 Ma. The present outlet of Lake Tahoe through the Truckee River canyon has been operative for at least 2.3 million years. Even though the three lava dams are now eroded away, the repeated construction (and removal by erosion) of lava dams has diminished the erosion and deepening of the Truckee River Canyon that otherwise would have occurred. Hence, the soft-sediment sill of Lake Tahoe has been protected, which has helped to maintain the great depth of the lake (500 m). The timing of this repetitive volcanic activity raises implications for future volcanic eruptions and their hazards. The lake could be dammed by lava again causing extensive shoreline flooding as its level rose, or rapid dam failure could cause extensive downstream flooding along the Truckee River on its path to Reno.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES01551.1","usgsCitation":"Kortemeier, W., Calvert, A.T., Moore, J.G., and Schweickert, R., 2018, Pleistocene volcanism and shifting shorelines at Lake Tahoe, California: Geosphere, v. 14, no. 21, p. 812-834, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01551.1.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"812","endPage":"834","ipdsId":"IP-085551","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469005,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01551.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387723,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Lake Tahoe","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.421142578125,\n 38.74551518488265\n ],\n [\n -119.66308593749999,\n 38.74551518488265\n ],\n [\n -119.66308593749999,\n 39.41922073655956\n ],\n [\n -120.421142578125,\n 39.41922073655956\n ],\n [\n -120.421142578125,\n 38.74551518488265\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kortemeier, Winifred","contributorId":261779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kortemeier","given":"Winifred","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":53013,"text":"Western Nevada College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Calvert, Andrew T. 0000-0001-5237-2218 acalvert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2218","contributorId":2694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calvert","given":"Andrew","email":"acalvert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moore, James G. 0000-0002-7543-2401 jmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7543-2401","contributorId":2892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"James","email":"jmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schweickert, Richard","contributorId":261780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schweickert","given":"Richard","affiliations":[{"id":53014,"text":"Department of Geological Sciences and Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70227773,"text":"70227773 - 2018 - Resilience concepts in psychiatry demonstrated with bipolar disorder","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-31T16:24:04.390307","indexId":"70227773","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-09T09:58:51","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10072,"text":"International Journal of Bipolar Disorders","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Resilience concepts in psychiatry demonstrated with bipolar disorder","docAbstract":"The term resilience describes stress–response patterns of subjects across scientific disciplines. In ecology, advances have been made to clearly distinguish resilience definitions based on underlying mechanistic assumptions. Engineering resilience (rebound) is used for describing the ability of subjects to recover from adverse conditions (disturbances), and is the rate of recovery. In contrast, the ecological resilience definition considers a systemic change: when complex systems (including humans) respond to disturbances by reorganizing into a new regime (stable state) where structural and functional aspects have fundamentally changed relative to the prior regime. In this context, resilience is an emergent property of complex systems. We argue that both resilience definitions and uses are appropriate in psychology and psychiatry, but although the differences are subtle, the implications and uses are profoundly different.
We borrow from the field of ecology to discuss resilience concepts in the mental health sciences.
In psychology and psychiatry, the prevailing view of resilience is adaptation to, coping with, and recovery (engineering resilience) from adverse social and environmental conditions. Ecological resilience may be useful for describing vulnerability, onset, and the irreversibility patterns of mental disorders. We discuss this in the context of bipolar disorder.
Rebound, adaptation, and coping are processes that are subsumed within the broader systemic organization of humans, from which ecological resilience emanates. Discerning resilience concepts in psychology and psychiatry has potential for a mechanistically appropriate contextualization of mental disorders at large. This might contribute to a refinement of theory and contextualize clinical practice within the broader systemic functioning of mental illnesses.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1186/s40345-017-0112-6","usgsCitation":"Angeler, D., Allen, C.R., and Persson, M., 2018, Resilience concepts in psychiatry demonstrated with bipolar disorder: International Journal of Bipolar Disorders, v. 6, 2, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s40345-017-0112-6.","productDescription":"2, 8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-092342","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469006,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40345-017-0112-6","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395145,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Angeler, David G.","contributorId":25027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angeler","given":"David G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":832311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":832178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Persson, Maj-Liz","contributorId":272839,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Persson","given":"Maj-Liz","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":832312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70217882,"text":"70217882 - 2018 - Results of the 2010-2011 East-Central Adirondack Stream Survey (ECASS)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-09T13:39:27.05271","indexId":"70217882","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-09T07:35:58","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Results of the 2010-2011 East-Central Adirondack Stream Survey (ECASS)","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"New York State Energy Research and Development Authority","collaboration":"New York State Energy Research and Development Authority","usgsCitation":"Lawrence, G.B., George, S.D., Burns, D., Baldigo, B.P., Passy, S., Roy, K.M., and Pound, K.L., 2018, Results of the 2010-2011 East-Central Adirondack Stream Survey (ECASS), ix, 89 p.","productDescription":"ix, 89 p.","ipdsId":"IP-098505","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":383154,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":383153,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/About/Publications/Research-and-Development-Technical-Reports/Environmental-Research-and-Development-Technical-Reports"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Adirondack region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.69580078125001,\n 43.77109381775648\n ],\n [\n -75.06958007812501,\n 42.988576458321816\n ],\n [\n -73.32275390625,\n 43.11702412135048\n ],\n [\n -73.1689453125,\n 45.07352060670971\n ],\n [\n -74.89379882812501,\n 44.91035917458492\n ],\n [\n -75.69580078125001,\n 43.77109381775648\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lawrence, Gregory B. 0000-0002-8035-2350 glawrenc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-2350","contributorId":867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Gregory","email":"glawrenc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"George, Scott D. 0000-0002-8197-1866 sgeorge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8197-1866","contributorId":3014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"Scott","email":"sgeorge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burns, Douglas A. 0000-0001-6516-2869","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-2869","contributorId":202943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Douglas A.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baldigo, Barry P. 0000-0002-9862-9119 bbaldigo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-9119","contributorId":1234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldigo","given":"Barry","email":"bbaldigo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Passy, Sophia","contributorId":248812,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Passy","given":"Sophia","affiliations":[{"id":50025,"text":"Associate Professor, University of Texas at Arlington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Roy, Karen M.","contributorId":204095,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roy","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36838,"text":"Division of Air Resources, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pound, Katrina L.","contributorId":248833,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pound","given":"Katrina","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":50034,"text":"University of Texas, Arlington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70195350,"text":"70195350 - 2018 - Development of a multimetric index for integrated assessment of salt marsh ecosystem condition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-09T12:23:09","indexId":"70195350","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of a multimetric index for integrated assessment of salt marsh ecosystem condition","docAbstract":"Tools for assessing and communicating salt marsh condition are essential to guide decisions aimed at maintaining or restoring ecosystem integrity and services. Multimetric indices (MMIs) are increasingly used to provide integrated assessments of ecosystem condition. We employed a theory-based approach that considers the multivariate relationship of metrics with human disturbance to construct a salt marsh MMI for five National Parks in the northeastern USA. We quantified the degree of human disturbance for each marsh using the first principal component score from a principal components analysis of physical, chemical, and land use stressors. We then applied a metric selection algorithm to different combinations of about 45 vegetation and nekton metrics (e.g., species abundance, species richness, and ecological and functional classifications) derived from multi-year monitoring data. While MMIs derived from nekton or vegetation metrics alone were strongly correlated with human disturbance (r values from −0.80 to −0.93), an MMI derived from both vegetation and nekton metrics yielded an exceptionally strong correlation with disturbance (r = −0.96). Individual MMIs included from one to five metrics. The metric-assembly algorithm yielded parsimonious MMIs that exhibit the greatest possible correlations with disturbance in a way that is objective, efficient, and reproducible.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-017-0293-3","usgsCitation":"Nagel, J.L., Neckles, H.A., Guntenspergen, G.R., Rocks, E.N., Schoolmaster, D., Grace, J.B., Skidds, D.E., and Stevens, S., 2018, Development of a multimetric index for integrated assessment of salt marsh ecosystem condition: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 41, no. 2, p. 334-348, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-017-0293-3.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"334","endPage":"348","ipdsId":"IP-082798","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351426,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7ec170e4b00f54eb25a745","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nagel, Jessica L. 0000-0002-4437-0324 jnagel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4437-0324","contributorId":3976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagel","given":"Jessica","email":"jnagel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neckles, Hilary A. 0000-0002-5662-2314 hneckles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5662-2314","contributorId":3821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neckles","given":"Hilary","email":"hneckles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guntenspergen, Glenn R. 0000-0002-8593-0244 glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-0244","contributorId":2885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guntenspergen","given":"Glenn","email":"glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rocks, Erika N.","contributorId":202236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rocks","given":"Erika","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":36380,"text":"National Park Service Northeastern Coastal and Barrier Network","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schoolmaster, Donald 0000-0003-0910-4458 schoolmasterd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0910-4458","contributorId":156350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoolmaster","given":"Donald","email":"schoolmasterd@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Grace, James B. 0000-0001-6374-4726 gracej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"James","email":"gracej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Skidds, Dennis E.","contributorId":202237,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skidds","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36381,"text":"National Park Service Northeast Coastal and Barrier Network","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Stevens, Sara","contributorId":202238,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stevens","given":"Sara","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36381,"text":"National Park Service Northeast Coastal and Barrier Network","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70194691,"text":"sir20175145 - 2018 - Distribution of effluent injected into the Boulder Zone of the Floridan aquifer system at the North District Wastewater Treatment Plant, southeastern Florida, 1997–2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-12T14:52:11","indexId":"sir20175145","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5145","title":"Distribution of effluent injected into the Boulder Zone of the Floridan aquifer system at the North District Wastewater Treatment Plant, southeastern Florida, 1997–2011","docAbstract":"Nonhazardous, secondarily treated, domestic wastewater (effluent) has been injected about 1 kilometer below land surface into the Boulder Zone of the Floridan aquifer system at the North District Wastewater Treatment Plant in southeastern Florida. The Boulder Zone contains saline, nonpotable water. Effluent transport out of the injection zone is a risk of underground effluent injection. At the North District Wastewater Treatment Plant, injected effluent was detected outside the Boulder Zone. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Miami-Dade Water and Sewer Department, investigated effluent transport from the Boulder Zone to overlying permeable zones in the Floridan aquifer system.
One conceptual model is presented to explain the presence of effluent outside of the injection zone in which effluent injected into the Boulder Zone was transported to the Avon Park permeable zone, forced by buoyancy and injection pressure. In this conceptual model, effluent injected primarily into the Boulder Zone reaches a naturally occurring feature (a karst-collapse structure) near an injection well, through which the effluent is transported vertically upward to the uppermost major permeable zone of the Lower Floridan aquifer. The effluent is then transported laterally through the uppermost major permeable zone of the Lower Floridan aquifer to another naturally occurring feature northwest of the North District Wastewater Treatment Plant, through which it is then transported vertically upward into the Avon Park permeable zone. In addition, a leak within a monitoring well, between monitoring zones, allowed interflow between the Avon Park permeable zone and the Upper Floridan aquifer. A groundwater flow and effluent transport simulation of the hydrogeologic system at the North District Wastewater Treatment Plant, based on the hypothesized and non-unique conceptualization of the subsurface hydrogeology and flow system, generally replicated measured effluent constituent concentration trends. The model was calibrated to match observed concentration trends for total ammonium (NH4+) and total dissolved solids.
The investigation qualitatively indicates that fractures, karst-collapse structures, faults, or other hydrogeologic features may permit effluent injected into the Boulder Zone to be transported to overlying permeable zones in the Floridan aquifer system. These findings, however, are qualitative because the locations of transport pathways that might exist from the Boulder Zone to the Avon Park permeable zone are largely unknown.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175145","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Miami-Dade Water and Sewer Department","usgsCitation":"King, J.N., and Decker, J.D., 2018, Distribution of effluent injected into the Boulder Zone of the Floridan aquifer system at the North District Wastewater Treatment Plant, southeastern Florida, 1997–2011: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5145, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175145.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 52 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"64","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-049438","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351307,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5145/sir20175145.pdf","text":"Report","size":"14.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017–5145"},{"id":351436,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5145/coverthb3.jpg"},{"id":351308,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F75H7DBF","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"SEAWAT Data Sets for Simulation of Effluent Transport in the Floridan Aquifer System at the North District Wastewater Treatment Plant, Southeastern Florida, 1997-2011: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.5,\n 25.5\n ],\n [\n -80,\n 25.5\n ],\n [\n -80,\n 26.1667\n ],\n [\n -80.5,\n 26.1667\n ],\n [\n -80.5,\n 25.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4446 Pet Lane, Suite 108
Lutz, FL 33559
During 2002−15 we examined the causes of mortality in a population of northern sea otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni). Beachcast sea otters were collected primarily from the coast of Washington. Although there are no permanent sea otter residents in Oregon, several beachcast otters were collected from the Oregon coast. Infectious diseases were the primary cause of death (56%) for otters we examined. Sarcocystosis was the leading infectious cause of death (54%) and was observed throughout the study period. Some infectious diseases, such as morbilliviral encephalitis and leptospirosis, were documented for a limited number of years and then not detected again despite continued testing for these pathogens in necropsied animals. Trauma was the second most common cause of death (14%) during the study period. The continued stable growth of the Washington population of otters suggests they are able to tolerate current mortality rates.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/2017-05-122","usgsCitation":"White, C.L., Lankau, E.W., Lynch, D., Knowles, S., Schuler, K., Dubey, J.P., Shearn-Bochsler, V.I., Isidoro Ayza, M., and Thomas, N.J., 2018, Mortality trends in northern sea otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) collected from the coasts of Washington and Oregon (2002–15): Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 54, no. 2, p. 238-247, https://doi.org/10.7589/2017-05-122.","productDescription":"10 p.; Data Release","startPage":"238","endPage":"247","ipdsId":"IP-087486","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351418,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":418293,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7NK3C6R"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.71103701362539,\n 48.951179588361384\n ],\n [\n -124.94292222763136,\n 48.951179588361384\n ],\n [\n -124.94292222763136,\n 41.92536119057266\n ],\n [\n -121.71103701362539,\n 41.92536119057266\n ],\n [\n -121.71103701362539,\n 48.951179588361384\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"54","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7ec16fe4b00f54eb25a73e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, C. LeAnn 0000-0002-5004-5165 clwhite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5004-5165","contributorId":4315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"C.","email":"clwhite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"LeAnn","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":728007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lankau, Emily W. 0000-0002-7094-7780 elankau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7094-7780","contributorId":175270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lankau","given":"Emily","email":"elankau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":728008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lynch, Deanna","contributorId":202253,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lynch","given":"Deanna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":728009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Knowles, Susan 0000-0002-0254-6491 sknowles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0254-6491","contributorId":5254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knowles","given":"Susan","email":"sknowles@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":728010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schuler, Krysten L.","contributorId":11869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuler","given":"Krysten L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":728011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dubey, Jitender P.","contributorId":41707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dubey","given":"Jitender","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":728012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Shearn-Bochsler, Valerie I. 0000-0002-5590-6518 vbochsler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5590-6518","contributorId":3234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shearn-Bochsler","given":"Valerie","email":"vbochsler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":728013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Isidoro Ayza, Marcos 0000-0002-9380-7254 misidoroayza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9380-7254","contributorId":192509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Isidoro Ayza","given":"Marcos","email":"misidoroayza@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":728014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Thomas, Nancy J. 0000-0002-0161-0391 nthomas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0161-0391","contributorId":1673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Nancy","email":"nthomas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":728015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70195095,"text":"70195095 - 2018 - Elemental, isotopic, and geochronological variability in Mogollon-Datil volcanic province archaeological obsidian, southwestern USA: Solving issues of intersource discrimination","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-27T22:51:20.323809","indexId":"70195095","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1749,"text":"Geoarchaeology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Elemental, isotopic, and geochronological variability in Mogollon-Datil volcanic province archaeological obsidian, southwestern USA: Solving issues of intersource discrimination","docAbstract":"Solving issues of intersource discrimination in archaeological obsidian is a recurring problem in geoarchaeological investigation, particularly since the number of known sources of archaeological obsidian worldwide has grown nearly exponentially in the last few decades, and the complexity of archaeological questions asked has grown equally so. These two parallel aspects of archaeological investigation have required more exacting understanding of the geological relationship between sources and the more accurate analysis of these sources of archaeological obsidian. This is particularly the case in the North American Southwest where the frequency of archaeological investigation is some of the highest in the world, and the theory and method used to interpret that record has become increasingly nuanced. Here, we attempt to unravel the elemental similarity of archaeological obsidian in the Mogollon-Datil volcanic province of southwestern New Mexico where some of the most important and extensively distributed sources are located and the elemental similarity between the sources is great even though the distance between the sources is large. Uniting elemental, isotopic, and geochronological analyses as an intensive pilot study, we unpack this complexity to provide greater understanding of these important sources of archaeological obsidian.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/gea.21672","usgsCitation":"Shackley, M.S., Morgan, L.E., and Pyle, D., 2018, Elemental, isotopic, and geochronological variability in Mogollon-Datil volcanic province archaeological obsidian, southwestern USA: Solving issues of intersource discrimination: Geoarchaeology, v. 33, no. 4, p. 486-497, https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.21672.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"486","endPage":"497","ipdsId":"IP-079709","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469007,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.21672","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438016,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7TB152V","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Argon data for: Elemental, isotopic, and geochronological variability in Mogollon-Datil Volcanic Province, New Mexico"},{"id":351395,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Mogollon-Datil volcanic province","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.061279296875,\n 32.61161640317033\n ],\n [\n -106.787109375,\n 32.61161640317033\n ],\n [\n -106.787109375,\n 34.6241677899049\n ],\n [\n -109.061279296875,\n 34.6241677899049\n ],\n [\n -109.061279296875,\n 32.61161640317033\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-12-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7ec173e4b00f54eb25a764","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shackley, M. Steven","contributorId":201765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shackley","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Steven","affiliations":[{"id":36249,"text":"1Department of Anthropology University of California, Berkeley, USA; 2 Geoarchaeological XRF Laboratory Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morgan, Leah E. 0000-0001-9930-524X lemorgan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9930-524X","contributorId":176174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"Leah","email":"lemorgan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pyle, Douglas","contributorId":201766,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pyle","given":"Douglas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36250,"text":"4SOEST TIMS Laboratory Department of Geology and Geophysics University of Hawai'i, Manoa, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70195349,"text":"70195349 - 2018 - Post-breeding migration and connectivity of red knots in the Western Atlantic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-09T11:55:43","indexId":"70195349","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Post-breeding migration and connectivity of red knots in the Western Atlantic","docAbstract":"Red knots (Calidris canutus rufa) have 3 distinct nonbreeding regions: 1 in the southeastern United States and Caribbean, another on the northeast coast of Brazil in the Maranhão region, and a third along the Patagonian coasts of Chile and Argentina. Effective conservation and recovery of this threatened long-distance migrant will require knowledge of population structure, migration ecology, and abundance and distribution throughout the annual cycle. We conducted a stopover population and biogeographic assessment of knots at the Altamaha River Delta, Georgia, an important stopover area in the southeastern United States. We estimated stopover population size and stopover duration during post-breeding migration in 2011 at the Altamaha study area using mark-resight data, and we inferred nonbreeding regions for this stopover population using stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen in feathers, and observations (sightings and captures) during boreal winter from across the hemisphere. With an integrated Bayesian analysis of all these data, we also estimated the number of birds in the southeastern United States and northern Brazil during boreal winter. For mark-resight analyses in Georgia, we made observations of marked individuals during 14 weeks from early August to early November 2011 and detected 814 individually marked birds. We used the Jolly-Seber mark-recapture model and estimated the southbound passage population at approximately 23,400 red knots. In ongoing studies elsewhere, isotope samples were collected from 175 (21%) of the 814 birds detected in our study, and ≥1 sighting or capture record during boreal winter was located in data repositories for 659 birds (81%). Isotopic signatures and boreal winter records indicate that the majority (82–96%) of the birds that stopped at the Altamaha Delta spend the boreal winter in the northern part of the nonbreeding range (southeast USA, Caribbean, and northern Brazil). Knots migrating to the southeastern United States, Caribbean, or Brazil remained on the Altamaha Delta for 42 days, whereas birds migrating to Tierra del Fuego remained only 21 days. Combining our estimate of the Altamaha stopover population size (23,400 birds) and the estimated proportion in the northern nonbreeding region (82–96%), we derived a minimum estimate of the number of knots in the southeastern United States, Caribbean, and northern South America during the boreal winter: approximately 20,800 knots, of which approximately 10,400 knots occupy the southeastern United States and 5,400 occupy Brazil. Our results provide additional evidence that coastal Georgia is an important migration area for red knots, and provide information about population structure and migratory connectivity that will be valuable for conservation planning.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21389","usgsCitation":"Lyons, J.E., Winn, B., Keyes, T., and Kalasz, K.S., 2018, Post-breeding migration and connectivity of red knots in the Western Atlantic: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 82, p. 383-396, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21389.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"383","endPage":"396","ipdsId":"IP-086607","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351422,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","county":"Gylnn County, McIntosh County","otherGeospatial":"Altamaha River Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.50619506835938,\n 31.208103321325254\n ],\n [\n -81.16561889648438,\n 31.208103321325254\n ],\n [\n -81.16561889648438,\n 31.52470272697062\n ],\n [\n -81.50619506835938,\n 31.52470272697062\n ],\n [\n -81.50619506835938,\n 31.208103321325254\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"82","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-10-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7ec171e4b00f54eb25a747","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lyons, James E. 0000-0002-9810-8751 jelyons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9810-8751","contributorId":177546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"James","email":"jelyons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":727979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winn, Bradford","contributorId":202233,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Winn","given":"Bradford","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36377,"text":"Manomet","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keyes, Timothy","contributorId":202234,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keyes","given":"Timothy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36378,"text":"Georgia Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kalasz, Kevin S.","contributorId":202235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kalasz","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":36379,"text":"Delaware Division of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70195345,"text":"70195345 - 2018 - Vegetation cover, tidal amplitude and land area predict short-term marsh vulnerability in Coastal Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T10:04:51","indexId":"70195345","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vegetation cover, tidal amplitude and land area predict short-term marsh vulnerability in Coastal Louisiana","docAbstract":"The loss of coastal marshes is a topic of great concern, because these habitats provide tangible ecosystem services and are at risk from sea-level rise and human activities. In recent years, significant effort has gone into understanding and modeling the relationships between the biological and physical factors that contribute to marsh stability. Simulation-based process models suggest that marsh stability is the product of a complex feedback between sediment supply, flooding regime and vegetation response, resulting in elevation gains sufficient to match the combination of relative sea-level rise and losses from erosion. However, there have been few direct, empirical tests of these models, because long-term datasets that have captured sufficient numbers of marsh loss events in the context of a rigorous monitoring program are rare. We use a multi-year data set collected by the Coastwide Reference Monitoring System (CRMS) that includes transitions of monitored vegetation plots to open water to build and test a predictive model of near-term marsh vulnerability. We found that despite the conclusions of previous process models, elevation change had no ability to predict the transition of vegetated marsh to open water. However, we found that the processes that drive elevation change were significant predictors of transitions. Specifically, vegetation cover in prior year, land area in the surrounding 1 km2 (an estimate of marsh fragmentation), and the interaction of tidal amplitude and position in tidal frame were all significant factors predicting marsh loss. This suggests that 1) elevation change is likely better a predictor of marsh loss at time scales longer than we consider in this study and 2) the significant predictive factors affect marsh vulnerability through pathways other than elevation change, such as resistance to erosion. In addition, we found that, while sensitivity of marsh vulnerability to the predictive factors varied spatially across coastal Louisiana, vegetation cover in prior year was the best single predictor of subsequent loss in most sites followed by changes in percent land and tidal amplitude. The model’s predicted land loss rates correlated well with land loss rates derived from satellite data, although agreement was spatially variable. These results indicate 1) monitoring the loss of small scale vegetation plots can inform patterns of land loss at larger scales 2) the drivers of land loss vary spatially across coastal Louisiana, and 3) relatively simple models have potential as highly informative tools for bioassessment, directing future research, and management planning.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10021-018-0223-7","usgsCitation":"Schoolmaster, D., Stagg, C.L., Sharp, L.A., McGinnis, T.S., Wood, B., and Piazza, S., 2018, Vegetation cover, tidal amplitude and land area predict short-term marsh vulnerability in Coastal Louisiana: Ecosystems, v. 21, no. 7, p. 1335-1347, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-018-0223-7.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1335","endPage":"1347","ipdsId":"IP-079507","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351402,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.44921875,\n 28.304380682962783\n ],\n [\n -87.71484375,\n 28.304380682962783\n ],\n [\n -87.71484375,\n 31.57853542647338\n ],\n [\n -95.44921875,\n 31.57853542647338\n ],\n [\n -95.44921875,\n 28.304380682962783\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7ec171e4b00f54eb25a74b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoolmaster, Donald 0000-0003-0910-4458 schoolmasterd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0910-4458","contributorId":156350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoolmaster","given":"Donald","email":"schoolmasterd@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stagg, Camille L. 0000-0002-1125-7253 staggc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1125-7253","contributorId":4111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stagg","given":"Camille","email":"staggc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sharp, Leigh Anne","contributorId":178418,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sharp","given":"Leigh","email":"","middleInitial":"Anne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":727962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McGinnis, Tommy S.","contributorId":202225,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGinnis","given":"Tommy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":17778,"text":"Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority of Louisiana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wood, Bernard","contributorId":202226,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"Bernard","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17778,"text":"Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority of Louisiana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Piazza, Sarai 0000-0001-6962-9008 piazzas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6962-9008","contributorId":169024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piazza","given":"Sarai","email":"piazzas@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70194731,"text":"cir1438 - 2018 - Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Units Program—2017 year in review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-07T15:22:40","indexId":"cir1438","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-08T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1438","title":"Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Units Program—2017 year in review","docAbstract":"The Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Units Program was involved in a number of notable events during 2017, many concerning our personnel. Dr. Barry Grand left his position as Leader of the Alabama Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit to become the Cooperative Units Program Supervisor for the South, replacing Dr. Kevin Whalen who took over as Supervisor for the West. We welcomed Dr. Sarah Converse who left the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center to become Leader of the Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit. Dr. Amanda Rosenberger joined the Tennessee Cooperative Fishery Research Unit as Assistant Leader, transferring from the Missouri Cooperative Unit. Dr. Scott Carleton left his position as Assistant Unit Leader in New Mexico to become Chief of the Region 2 Migratory Bird Program of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
We said farewell to many colleagues who retired. Their departure is bittersweet as we wish them health, happiness, and wellness in retirement. We will miss their companionship and the extraordinary contributions they have made to the Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Units Program and conservation.
The Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Units Program has a record high number of vacant scientist positions due to a combination of retirements and base funding short-falls. These issues are affecting our ability to meet cooperator needs. Yet, we remain highly productive. For example, this year we released a report (https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1427) containing abstracts of nearly 600 of our research projects, covering thematic areas ranging from advanced technologies to wildlife diseases. We provided highly competent, trained scientists and natural resource managers for our cooperators’ workforce. We delivered technical training and guidance to professional practitioners. We provided critical information to cooperators for decisions on species status assessments and management of species of greatest conservation need.
This year we had an active presence at major national meetings, including the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference where we co-sponsored a workshop on continuing education as a means to bridge the gap between science and management. During the coming year, with support from the U.S. Geological Survey and our cooperators, we intend to reduce the number of vacancies in the program. It will take time and active support of our cooperators to get back to full strength, but I am committed to this goal and encouraged by the resolve of our partners. We look forward to an even more productive year in 2018!
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1438","isbn":"978-1-4113-4198-2","usgsCitation":"Organ, J.F., Thompson, J.D., Dennerline, D.E., and Childs, D.E., 2018, Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Units Program—2017 year in review (ver. 2.0, February 28, 2018): U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1438, 68 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1438.","productDescription":"iii, 67 p.","numberOfPages":"76","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-090436","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351198,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/cir1424","text":"Circular 1424","linkHelpText":"- Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Units Program—2016 Year in Review "},{"id":351200,"rank":6,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/fs20173022","text":"Fact Sheet 2017-3022","linkHelpText":"- Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Units - A Model Partnership Program"},{"id":351197,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/gip184","text":"General Information Product 184","linkHelpText":"- Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Units Program—2017 Year in Review Postcard"},{"id":351195,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1438/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":351196,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1438/cir1438.pdf","text":"Report","size":"54.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"CIR 1438","linkHelpText":"- It is recommended that you download the document to your computer and open it with Adobe Reader."},{"id":351199,"rank":5,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/cir1427","text":"Circular 1427","linkHelpText":"- U.S. Geological Survey Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Units Program—2016–2017 Research Abstracts"},{"id":351663,"rank":7,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1438/versionHist.txt","size":"1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-66.28243,18.51476],[-65.7713,18.42668],[-65.591,18.22803],[-65.84716,17.97591],[-66.59993,17.98182],[-67.18416,17.94655],[-67.24243,18.37446],[-67.10068,18.5206],[-66.28243,18.51476]]],[[[-155.54211,19.08348],[-155.68817,18.91619],[-155.93665,19.05939],[-155.90806,19.33888],[-156.07347,19.70294],[-156.02368,19.81422],[-155.85008,19.97729],[-155.91907,20.17395],[-155.86108,20.26721],[-155.78505,20.2487],[-155.40214,20.07975],[-155.22452,19.99302],[-155.06226,19.8591],[-154.80741,19.50871],[-154.83147,19.45328],[-155.22217,19.23972],[-155.54211,19.08348]]],[[[-156.07926,20.64397],[-156.41445,20.57241],[-156.58673,20.783],[-156.70167,20.8643],[-156.71055,20.92676],[-156.61258,21.01249],[-156.25711,20.91745],[-155.99566,20.76404],[-156.07926,20.64397]]],[[[-156.75824,21.17684],[-156.78933,21.06873],[-157.32521,21.09777],[-157.25027,21.21958],[-156.75824,21.17684]]],[[[-157.65283,21.32217],[-157.70703,21.26442],[-157.7786,21.27729],[-158.12667,21.31244],[-158.2538,21.53919],[-158.29265,21.57912],[-158.0252,21.71696],[-157.94161,21.65272],[-157.65283,21.32217]]],[[[-159.34512,21.982],[-159.46372,21.88299],[-159.80051,22.06533],[-159.74877,22.1382],[-159.5962,22.23618],[-159.36569,22.21494],[-159.34512,21.982]]],[[[-94.81758,49.38905],[-94.64,48.84],[-94.32914,48.67074],[-93.63087,48.60926],[-92.61,48.45],[-91.64,48.14],[-90.83,48.27],[-89.6,48.01],[-89.27292,48.01981],[-88.37811,48.30292],[-87.43979,47.94],[-86.46199,47.55334],[-85.65236,47.22022],[-84.87608,46.90008],[-84.77924,46.6371],[-84.54375,46.53868],[-84.6049,46.4396],[-84.3367,46.40877],[-84.14212,46.51223],[-84.09185,46.27542],[-83.89077,46.11693],[-83.61613,46.11693],[-83.46955,45.99469],[-83.59285,45.81689],[-82.55092,45.34752],[-82.33776,44.44],[-82.13764,43.57109],[-82.43,42.98],[-82.9,42.43],[-83.12,42.08],[-83.142,41.97568],[-83.02981,41.8328],[-82.69009,41.67511],[-82.43928,41.67511],[-81.27775,42.20903],[-80.24745,42.3662],[-78.93936,42.86361],[-78.92,42.965],[-79.01,43.27],[-79.17167,43.46634],[-78.72028,43.62509],[-77.73789,43.62906],[-76.82003,43.62878],[-76.5,44.01846],[-76.375,44.09631],[-75.31821,44.81645],[-74.867,45.00048],[-73.34783,45.00738],[-71.50506,45.0082],[-71.405,45.255],[-71.08482,45.30524],[-70.66,45.46],[-70.305,45.915],[-69.99997,46.69307],[-69.23722,47.44778],[-68.905,47.185],[-68.23444,47.35486],[-67.79046,47.06636],[-67.79134,45.70281],[-67.13741,45.13753],[-66.96466,44.8097],[-68.03252,44.3252],[-69.06,43.98],[-70.11617,43.68405],[-70.64548,43.09024],[-70.81489,42.8653],[-70.825,42.335],[-70.495,41.805],[-70.08,41.78],[-70.185,42.145],[-69.88497,41.92283],[-69.96503,41.63717],[-70.64,41.475],[-71.12039,41.49445],[-71.86,41.32],[-72.295,41.27],[-72.87643,41.22065],[-73.71,40.9311],[-72.24126,41.11948],[-71.945,40.93],[-73.345,40.63],[-73.982,40.628],[-73.95232,40.75075],[-74.25671,40.47351],[-73.96244,40.42763],[-74.17838,39.70926],[-74.90604,38.93954],[-74.98041,39.1964],[-75.20002,39.24845],[-75.52805,39.4985],[-75.32,38.96],[-75.07183,38.78203],[-75.05673,38.40412],[-75.37747,38.01551],[-75.94023,37.21689],[-76.03127,37.2566],[-75.72205,37.93705],[-76.23287,38.31921],[-76.35,39.15],[-76.54272,38.71762],[-76.32933,38.08326],[-76.99,38.23999],[-76.30162,37.91794],[-76.25874,36.9664],[-75.9718,36.89726],[-75.86804,36.55125],[-75.72749,35.55074],[-76.36318,34.80854],[-77.39763,34.51201],[-78.05496,33.92547],[-78.55435,33.86133],[-79.06067,33.49395],[-79.20357,33.15839],[-80.30132,32.50935],[-80.86498,32.0333],[-81.33629,31.44049],[-81.49042,30.72999],[-81.31371,30.03552],[-80.98,29.18],[-80.53558,28.47213],[-80.53,28.04],[-80.05654,26.88],[-80.08801,26.20576],[-80.13156,25.81677],[-80.38103,25.20616],[-80.68,25.08],[-81.17213,25.20126],[-81.33,25.64],[-81.71,25.87],[-82.24,26.73],[-82.70515,27.49504],[-82.85526,27.88624],[-82.65,28.55],[-82.93,29.1],[-83.70959,29.93656],[-84.1,30.09],[-85.10882,29.63615],[-85.28784,29.68612],[-85.7731,30.15261],[-86.4,30.4],[-87.53036,30.27433],[-88.41782,30.3849],[-89.18049,30.31598],[-89.59383,30.15999],[-89.41373,29.89419],[-89.43,29.48864],[-89.21767,29.29108],[-89.40823,29.15961],[-89.77928,29.30714],[-90.15463,29.11743],[-90.88022,29.14854],[-91.62678,29.677],[-92.49906,29.5523],[-93.22637,29.78375],[-93.84842,29.71363],[-94.69,29.48],[-95.60026,28.73863],[-96.59404,28.30748],[-97.14,27.83],[-97.37,27.38],[-97.38,26.69],[-97.33,26.21],[-97.14,25.87],[-97.53,25.84],[-98.24,26.06],[-99.02,26.37],[-99.3,26.84],[-99.52,27.54],[-100.11,28.11],[-100.45584,28.69612],[-100.9576,29.38071],[-101.6624,29.7793],[-102.48,29.76],[-103.11,28.97],[-103.94,29.27],[-104.45697,29.57196],[-104.70575,30.12173],[-105.03737,30.64402],[-105.63159,31.08383],[-106.1429,31.39995],[-106.50759,31.75452],[-108.24,31.75485],[-108.24194,31.34222],[-109.035,31.34194],[-111.02361,31.33472],[-113.30498,32.03914],[-114.815,32.52528],[-114.72139,32.72083],[-115.99135,32.61239],[-117.12776,32.53534],[-117.29594,33.04622],[-117.944,33.62124],[-118.4106,33.74091],[-118.51989,34.02778],[-119.081,34.078],[-119.43884,34.34848],[-120.36778,34.44711],[-120.62286,34.60855],[-120.74433,35.15686],[-121.71457,36.16153],[-122.54747,37.55176],[-122.51201,37.78339],[-122.95319,38.11371],[-123.7272,38.95166],[-123.86517,39.76699],[-124.39807,40.3132],[-124.17886,41.14202],[-124.2137,41.99964],[-124.53284,42.76599],[-124.14214,43.70838],[-124.02053,44.6159],[-123.89893,45.52341],[-124.07963,46.86475],[-124.39567,47.72017],[-124.68721,48.18443],[-124.5661,48.37971],[-123.12,48.04],[-122.58736,47.096],[-122.34,47.36],[-122.5,48.18],[-122.84,49],[-120,49],[-117.03121,49],[-116.04818,49],[-113,49],[-110.05,49],[-107.05,49],[-104.04826,48.99986],[-100.65,49],[-97.22872,49.0007],[-95.15907,49],[-95.15609,49.38425],[-94.81758,49.38905]]],[[[-153.00631,57.11584],[-154.00509,56.73468],[-154.5164,56.99275],[-154.67099,57.4612],[-153.76278,57.81657],[-153.22873,57.96897],[-152.56479,57.90143],[-152.14115,57.59106],[-153.00631,57.11584]]],[[[-165.57916,59.90999],[-166.19277,59.75444],[-166.84834,59.94141],[-167.45528,60.21307],[-166.46779,60.38417],[-165.67443,60.29361],[-165.57916,59.90999]]],[[[-171.73166,63.78252],[-171.11443,63.59219],[-170.49111,63.69498],[-169.68251,63.43112],[-168.68944,63.29751],[-168.77194,63.1886],[-169.52944,62.97693],[-170.29056,63.19444],[-170.67139,63.37582],[-171.55306,63.31779],[-171.79111,63.40585],[-171.73166,63.78252]]],[[[-155.06779,71.14778],[-154.34417,70.69641],[-153.90001,70.88999],[-152.21001,70.82999],[-152.27,70.60001],[-150.73999,70.43002],[-149.72,70.53001],[-147.61336,70.21403],[-145.68999,70.12001],[-144.92001,69.98999],[-143.58945,70.15251],[-142.07251,69.85194],[-140.98599,69.712],[-140.9925,66.00003],[-140.99777,60.3064],[-140.013,60.27684],[-139.039,60.00001],[-138.34089,59.56211],[-137.4525,58.905],[-136.47972,59.46389],[-135.47583,59.78778],[-134.945,59.27056],[-134.27111,58.86111],[-133.35555,58.41029],[-132.73042,57.69289],[-131.70781,56.55212],[-130.00778,55.91583],[-129.97999,55.285],[-130.53611,54.80275],[-131.08582,55.17891],[-131.96721,55.49778],[-132.25001,56.37],[-133.53918,57.17889],[-134.07806,58.12307],[-135.03821,58.18771],[-136.62806,58.21221],[-137.80001,58.5],[-139.86779,59.53776],[-140.82527,59.72752],[-142.57444,60.08445],[-143.95888,59.99918],[-145.92556,60.45861],[-147.11437,60.88466],[-148.22431,60.67299],[-148.01807,59.97833],[-148.57082,59.91417],[-149.72786,59.70566],[-150.60824,59.36821],[-151.71639,59.15582],[-151.85943,59.74498],[-151.40972,60.7258],[-150.34694,61.03359],[-150.62111,61.28442],[-151.89584,60.7272],[-152.57833,60.06166],[-154.01917,59.35028],[-153.28751,58.86473],[-154.23249,58.14637],[-155.30749,57.72779],[-156.30833,57.42277],[-156.5561,56.97998],[-158.11722,56.46361],[-158.43332,55.99415],[-159.60333,55.56669],[-160.28972,55.64358],[-161.22305,55.36473],[-162.23777,55.02419],[-163.06945,54.68974],[-164.78557,54.40417],[-164.94223,54.57222],[-163.84834,55.03943],[-162.87,55.34804],[-161.80417,55.89499],[-160.5636,56.00805],[-160.07056,56.41806],[-158.68444,57.01668],[-158.4611,57.21692],[-157.72277,57.57],[-157.55027,58.32833],[-157.04167,58.91888],[-158.19473,58.6158],[-158.51722,58.78778],[-159.05861,58.42419],[-159.71167,58.93139],[-159.98129,58.57255],[-160.35527,59.07112],[-161.355,58.67084],[-161.96889,58.67166],[-162.05499,59.26693],[-161.87417,59.63362],[-162.51806,59.98972],[-163.81834,59.79806],[-164.66222,60.26748],[-165.34639,60.5075],[-165.35083,61.0739],[-166.12138,61.50002],[-165.73445,62.075],[-164.91918,62.63308],[-164.56251,63.14638],[-163.75333,63.21945],[-163.06722,63.05946],[-162.26056,63.54194],[-161.53445,63.45582],[-160.77251,63.76611],[-160.95834,64.2228],[-161.51807,64.40279],[-160.77778,64.7886],[-161.39193,64.77724],[-162.45305,64.55944],[-162.75779,64.33861],[-163.54639,64.55916],[-164.96083,64.44695],[-166.42529,64.68667],[-166.845,65.0889],[-168.11056,65.67],[-166.70527,66.08832],[-164.47471,66.57666],[-163.65251,66.57666],[-163.7886,66.07721],[-161.67777,66.11612],[-162.48971,66.73557],[-163.71972,67.11639],[-164.43099,67.61634],[-165.39029,68.04277],[-166.76444,68.35888],[-166.20471,68.88303],[-164.43081,68.91554],[-163.16861,69.37111],[-162.93057,69.85806],[-161.9089,70.33333],[-160.9348,70.44769],[-159.03918,70.89164],[-158.11972,70.82472],[-156.58082,71.35776],[-155.06779,71.14778]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"United States\"}}]}","edition":"Version 1.0: Originally posted February 8, 2018; Version 2.0: February 28, 2018","contact":"Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Units Program
U.S. Geological Survey
Mail Stop 303
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
This postcard provides details about the Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Units Program—2017 Year in Review, U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1438, now available at https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1438. In this report, you will find details about the Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Units (CRU) Program relating to its background, fish and wildlife science, students, staffing, vacancies, research funding, outreach and training, science themes, accolades, and professional services. You will see snapshots of CRU projects with information on how results have been or are being applied by cooperators. This is the essence of what we do: science that matters.
Throughout the year, keep up with CRU research projects at http://www.coopunits.org.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/gip184","usgsCitation":"Organ, J.F., Thompson, J.D., Dennerline, D.E., and Childs, D.E., 2018, Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Units Program—2017 year in review postcard: U.S. Geological Survey General Information Product 184, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/gip184.","productDescription":"Postcard: 6.00 x 4.25 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-093130","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351209,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/cir1438","text":"Circular 1438","linkHelpText":"- Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Units Program—2017 Year in Review"},{"id":351208,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/0184/gip184.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.45 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"GIP 184"},{"id":351207,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/0184/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Units Program
U.S. Geological Survey
Mail Stop 303
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
Contrary to our hypothesis that the Cerutti Mastodon (CM) site represents a 130,000-year-old archaeological site, in the accompanying Comment Ferraro et al. argue that the site formed through ‘common’ geological and taphonomic processes. As a source for the cobbles that we interpreted as hammerstones and anvils, they postulate a previously unrecognized alluvial fan, later removed by fluvial winnowing that somehow left our five cobbles, refitting flakes, and fragments of stone, mastodon bone and teeth in place. There is no sedimentological or geomorphic evidence of an alluvial fan, and their scenario leaves unexplained a number of taphonomic features, including the two discrete concentrations in which were found cobbles, refit stones and bones, impact-fractured bones, side-by-side femoral heads and a tusk oriented vertically.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature ","doi":"10.1038/nature25166","usgsCitation":"Holen, S.R., Demere, T.A., Fisher, D.C., Fullagar, R., Paces, J.B., Jefferson, G.T., Beeton, J.M., Cerutti, R.A., Rountrey, A.N., Vescera, L., and Holen, K.A., 2018, Holen et al. reply: Nature, v. 554, E3; 3 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/nature25166.","productDescription":"E3; 3 p.","ipdsId":"IP-091575","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356686,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"554","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a300e4b0702d0e843016","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holen, Steven R.","contributorId":207197,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holen","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":35320,"text":"Center for American Paleolithic Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Demere, Thomas A.","contributorId":207198,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Demere","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":16175,"text":"San Diego Natural History Museum","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fisher, Daniel C.","contributorId":207199,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fisher","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37387,"text":"University of Michigan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fullagar, Richard","contributorId":207200,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fullagar","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37474,"text":"University of Wollongong","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Paces, James B. 0000-0002-9809-8493 jbpaces@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9809-8493","contributorId":2514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paces","given":"James","email":"jbpaces@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":743151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jefferson, George T.","contributorId":207201,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jefferson","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":35321,"text":"California Department of Parks and Recreation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Beeton, Jared M.","contributorId":207202,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beeton","given":"Jared","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":35322,"text":"Adams State College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cerutti, Richard A.","contributorId":198792,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cerutti","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":16175,"text":"San Diego Natural History Museum","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rountrey, Adam N.","contributorId":207203,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rountrey","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":37387,"text":"University of Michigan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Vescera, Lawrence","contributorId":198790,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vescera","given":"Lawrence","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35321,"text":"California Department of Parks and Recreation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Holen, Kathleen A.","contributorId":207204,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holen","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37475,"text":"Center for American Paleolithic Studies","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70195069,"text":"70195069 - 2018 - Using interviews and biological sign surveys to infer seasonal use of forested and agricultural portions of a human-dominated landscape by Asian elephants in Nepal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-19T10:11:01","indexId":"70195069","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1590,"text":"Ethology Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using interviews and biological sign surveys to infer seasonal use of forested and agricultural portions of a human-dominated landscape by Asian elephants in Nepal","docAbstract":"Understanding how wide-ranging animals use landscapes in which human use is highly heterogeneous is important for determining patterns of human–wildlife conflict and designing mitigation strategies. Here, we show how biological sign surveys in forested components of a human-dominated landscape can be combined with human interviews in agricultural portions of a landscape to provide a full picture of seasonal use of different landscape components by wide-ranging animals and resulting human–wildlife conflict. We selected Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) in Nepal to illustrate this approach. Asian elephants are threatened throughout their geographic range, and there are large gaps in our understanding of their landscape-scale habitat use. We identified all potential elephant habitat in Nepal and divided the potential habitat into sampling units based on a 10 km by 10 km grid. Forested areas within grids were surveyed for signs of elephant use, and local villagers were interviewed regarding elephant use of agricultural areas and instances of conflict. Data were analyzed using single-season and multi-season (dynamic) occupancy models. A single-season occupancy model applied to data from 139 partially or wholly forested grid cells estimated that 0.57 of grid cells were used by elephants. Dynamic occupancy models fit to data from interviews across 158 grid cells estimated that monthly use of non-forested, human-dominated areas over the preceding year varied between 0.43 and 0.82 with a minimum in February and maximum in October. Seasonal patterns of crop raiding by elephants coincided with monthly elephant use of human-dominated areas, and serious instances of human–wildlife conflict were common. Efforts to mitigate human–elephant conflict in Nepal are likely to be most effective if they are concentrated during August through December when elephant use of human-dominated landscapes and human–elephant conflict are most common.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/03949370.2017.1405847","usgsCitation":"Lamichhane, B.R., Subedi, N., Pokheral, C.P., Dhakal, M., Acharya, K.P., Pradhan, N.M., Smith, J.L., Malla, S., Thakuri, B.S., and Yackulic, C.B., 2018, Using interviews and biological sign surveys to infer seasonal use of forested and agricultural portions of a human-dominated landscape by Asian elephants in Nepal: Ethology Ecology and Evolution, v. 30, no. 4, p. 331-347, https://doi.org/10.1080/03949370.2017.1405847.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"331","endPage":"347","ipdsId":"IP-082625","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351344,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Nepal","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[88.12044,27.87654],[88.04313,27.44582],[88.1748,26.81041],[88.06024,26.41462],[87.22747,26.3979],[86.02439,26.63098],[85.25178,26.7262],[84.67502,27.2349],[83.30425,27.36451],[81.99999,27.92548],[81.0572,28.4161],[80.08842,28.79447],[80.47672,29.72987],[81.11126,30.18348],[81.5258,30.42272],[82.32751,30.11527],[83.33712,29.46373],[83.89899,29.32023],[84.23458,28.83989],[85.01164,28.64277],[85.82332,28.20358],[86.95452,27.97426],[88.12044,27.87654]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Nepal\"}}]}","volume":"30","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-12-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7d6ffae4b00f54eb24418e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lamichhane, Babu Ram","contributorId":201694,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lamichhane","given":"Babu","email":"","middleInitial":"Ram","affiliations":[{"id":36232,"text":"National Trust for Nature Conservation, Khumaltar, POB 3712, Lalitpur, Nepal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Subedi, Naresh","contributorId":201695,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Subedi","given":"Naresh","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36232,"text":"National Trust for Nature Conservation, Khumaltar, POB 3712, Lalitpur, Nepal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pokheral, Chiranjibi Prasad","contributorId":201696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pokheral","given":"Chiranjibi","email":"","middleInitial":"Prasad","affiliations":[{"id":36232,"text":"National Trust for Nature Conservation, Khumaltar, POB 3712, Lalitpur, Nepal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dhakal, Maheshwar","contributorId":201698,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dhakal","given":"Maheshwar","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36233,"text":"Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation, Babarmahal, Kathmandu, Nepal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Acharya, Krishna Prasad","contributorId":201699,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Acharya","given":"Krishna","email":"","middleInitial":"Prasad","affiliations":[{"id":36233,"text":"Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation, Babarmahal, Kathmandu, Nepal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pradhan, Narendra Man Babu","contributorId":201700,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pradhan","given":"Narendra","email":"","middleInitial":"Man Babu","affiliations":[{"id":36234,"text":"Bird Conservation Nepal, Lazimpat, Kathmandu, Nepal (Work was done when he was with WWF Nepal, Baluwatar, Kathmandu, Nepal)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Smith, James L. David","contributorId":201701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"L. David","affiliations":[{"id":36235,"text":"Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, Minnesota University, MN, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Malla, Sabita","contributorId":201702,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malla","given":"Sabita","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36236,"text":"WWF Nepal, Baluwatar, Kathmandu","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Thakuri, Bishnu Singh","contributorId":201697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thakuri","given":"Bishnu","email":"","middleInitial":"Singh","affiliations":[{"id":36232,"text":"National Trust for Nature Conservation, Khumaltar, POB 3712, Lalitpur, Nepal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Yackulic, Charles B. 0000-0001-9661-0724 cyackulic@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9661-0724","contributorId":4662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackulic","given":"Charles","email":"cyackulic@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70195132,"text":"70195132 - 2018 - Modeling drivers of phosphorus loads in Chesapeake Bay tributaries and inferences about long-term change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-08T13:24:12","indexId":"70195132","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling drivers of phosphorus loads in Chesapeake Bay tributaries and inferences about long-term change","docAbstract":"Causal attribution of changes in water quality often consists of correlation, qualitative reasoning, listing references to the work of others, or speculation. To better support statements of attribution for water-quality trends, structural equation modeling was used to model the causal factors of total phosphorus loads in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. By transforming, scaling, and standardizing variables, grouping similar sites, grouping some causal factors into latent variable models, and using methods that correct for assumption violations, we developed a structural equation model to show how causal factors interact to produce total phosphorus loads. Climate (in the form of annual total precipitation and the Palmer Hydrologic Drought Index) and anthropogenic inputs are the major drivers of total phosphorus load in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Increasing runoff due to natural climate variability is offsetting purposeful management actions that are otherwise decreasing phosphorus loading; consequently, management actions may need to be reexamined to achieve target reductions in the face of climate variability.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.173","usgsCitation":"Ryberg, K.R., Blomquist, J.D., Sprague, L.A., Sekellick, A.J., and Keisman, J.L., 2018, Modeling drivers of phosphorus loads in Chesapeake Bay tributaries and inferences about long-term change: Science of the Total Environment, v. 616–617, p. 1423-1430, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.173.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1423","endPage":"1430","ipdsId":"IP-080391","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469009,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.173","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":351357,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay ","volume":"616–617","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7d6ff8e4b00f54eb24417b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ryberg, Karen R. 0000-0002-9834-2046 kryberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9834-2046","contributorId":1172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryberg","given":"Karen","email":"kryberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blomquist, Joel D. 0000-0002-0140-6534 jdblomqu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0140-6534","contributorId":197860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blomquist","given":"Joel","email":"jdblomqu@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sprague, Lori A. 0000-0003-2832-6662 lsprague@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2832-6662","contributorId":726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sprague","given":"Lori","email":"lsprague@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sekellick, Andrew J. 0000-0002-0440-7655 ajsekell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0440-7655","contributorId":4125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sekellick","given":"Andrew","email":"ajsekell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Keisman, Jennifer L. 0000-0001-6808-9193 jkeisman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6808-9193","contributorId":198107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keisman","given":"Jennifer","email":"jkeisman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70195099,"text":"70195099 - 2018 - Vegetation responses to sagebrush-reduction treatments measured by satellites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-08T11:26:12","indexId":"70195099","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vegetation responses to sagebrush-reduction treatments measured by satellites","docAbstract":"Time series of vegetative indices derived from satellite imagery constitute tools to measure ecological effects of natural and management-induced disturbances to ecosystems. Over the past century, sagebrush-reduction treatments have been applied widely throughout western North America to increase herbaceous vegetation for livestock and wildlife. We used indices from satellite imagery to 1) quantify effects of prescribed-fire, herbicide, and mechanical treatments on vegetative cover, productivity, and phenology, and 2) describe how vegetation changed over time following these treatments. We hypothesized that treatments would increase herbaceous cover and accordingly shift phenologies towards those typical of grass-dominated systems. We expected prescribed burns would lead to the greatest and most-prolonged effects on vegetative cover and phenology, followed by herbicide and mechanical treatments. Treatments appeared to increase herbaceous cover and productivity, which coincided with signs of earlier senescence − signals expected of grass-dominated systems, relative to sagebrush-dominated systems. Spatial heterogeneity for most phenometrics was lower in treated areas relative to controls, which suggested treatment-induced homogenization of vegetative communities. Phenometrics that explain spring migrations of ungulates mostly were unaffected by sagebrush treatments. Fire had the strongest effect on vegetative cover, and yielded the least evidence for sagebrush recovery. Overall, treatment effects were small relative to those reported from field-based studies for reasons most likely related to sagebrush recovery, treatment specification, and untreated patches within mosaicked treatment applications. Treatment effects were also small relative to inter-annual variation in phenology and productivity that was explained by temperature, snowpack, and growing-season precipitation. Our results indicated that cumulative NDVI, late-season phenometrics, and spatial heterogeneity of several phenometrics may serve as useful indicators of vegetative change in sagebrush ecosystems.
Behavioral differences within a population can allow use of a greater range of resources among individuals. The brown bear (Ursus arctos) is a generalist omnivore that occupies diverse habitats and displays considerable plasticity in food use. We evaluated whether brown bear foraging that resulted in deviations from a proposed optimal diet influenced body condition and, in turn, denning duration in Lake Clark National Park and Preserve, Alaska. To assess assimilated diet, we used sectioned guard hair samples (n = 23) collected in autumn to determine stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios. To index proportional contributions of meat and vegetation to assimilated diets, we compared the carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) values of hair samples with the values identified for major food categories. We then compared percentage body fat and body mass in relation to the proportion of assimilated meat in the diet using linear models. We also examined the influence of autumn percentage body fat and mass on denning duration. Percentage body fat was not influenced by the proportion of assimilated meat in the diet. Additionally, percentage body fat and body mass did not influence denning duration. However, body mass of bears assimilating proportionately more meat was greater than bears assimilating less meat. Our results provide support for previous findings that larger bears consume higher amounts of protein to maintain their body size and therefore forage further from the proposed optimal diet. Additionally, our results demonstrate that individuals can achieve similar biological outcomes (e.g., percentage body fat) despite variable foraging strategies, suggesting that individuals within generalist populations may confer an adaptive advantage through behavioral plasticity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00300-017-2237-6","usgsCitation":"Mangipane, L.S., Belant, J.L., Lafferty, D., Gustine, D.D., Hiller, T.L., Colvin, M., Mangipane, B.A., and Hilderbrand, G., 2018, Dietary plasticity in a nutrient-rich system does not influence brown bear (Ursus arctos) body condition or denning: Polar Biology, v. 41, no. 4, p. 763-772, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-017-2237-6.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"763","endPage":"772","ipdsId":"IP-081926","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351349,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155,\n 59.75\n ],\n [\n -152.75,\n 59.75\n ],\n [\n -152.75,\n 61\n ],\n [\n -155,\n 61\n ],\n [\n -155,\n 59.75\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-12-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7d6ff9e4b00f54eb244183","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mangipane, Lindsey S.","contributorId":200447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mangipane","given":"Lindsey","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belant, Jerrold L.","contributorId":108394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Belant","given":"Jerrold","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":35599,"text":"Carnivore Ecology Laboratory, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lafferty, Diana J. R.","contributorId":201733,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Diana J. R.","affiliations":[{"id":36244,"text":"MSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gustine, David D. dgustine@usgs.gov","contributorId":3776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gustine","given":"David","email":"dgustine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hiller, Tim L.","contributorId":200448,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hiller","given":"Tim","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Colvin, Michael E.","contributorId":140975,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colvin","given":"Michael E.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mangipane, Buck A.","contributorId":200450,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mangipane","given":"Buck","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hilderbrand, Grant V. 0000-0002-0051-8315 ghilderbrand@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0051-8315","contributorId":199764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hilderbrand","given":"Grant V.","email":"ghilderbrand@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":726861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70195341,"text":"70195341 - 2018 - Mercury concentrations in multiple tissues of Kittlitz's murrelets (Brachyramphus brevirostris)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-27T16:43:08","indexId":"70195341","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Mercury concentrations in multiple tissues of Kittlitz's murrelets (Brachyramphus brevirostris)","title":"Mercury concentrations in multiple tissues of Kittlitz's murrelets (Brachyramphus brevirostris)","docAbstract":"Mercury (Hg) is a non-essential, toxic metal that is distributed worldwide. Mercury biomagnifies in food webs and can threaten the health of top predators such as seabirds. The Kittlitz's murrelet (Brachyramphus brevirostris) is a seabird endemic to Alaska and the Russian Far East and is a species of conservation concern in the region. We determined Hg concentrations in eggshells, guano, blood, and feathers of Kittlitz's murrelets sampled from four locations in Alaska. Mercury concentrations in eggshells, guano, and blood were low compared to other seabird species. Mean Hg concentrations of breast feathers from Adak Island and Glacier Bay were significantly greater than those from Agattu Island or Icy Bay. Two Kittlitz's murrelets at Glacier Bay and one Kittlitz's murrelet at Adak Island had Hg concentrations above those associated with impaired reproduction in other bird species, and may merit further investigation as a potential threat to individuals and populations.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.10.055","usgsCitation":"Kenney, L.A., Kaler, R.S., Kissling, M.L., Bond, A.L., and Eagles-Smith, C.A., 2018, Mercury concentrations in multiple tissues of Kittlitz's murrelets (Brachyramphus brevirostris): Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 129, no. 2, p. 675-680, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.10.055.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"675","endPage":"680","ipdsId":"IP-079784","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351386,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -187.55859375,\n 51.069016659603896\n ],\n [\n -135.263671875,\n 51.069016659603896\n ],\n [\n -135.263671875,\n 60.84491057364912\n ],\n [\n -187.55859375,\n 60.84491057364912\n ],\n [\n -187.55859375,\n 51.069016659603896\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"129","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7d6ff8e4b00f54eb24416e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kenney, Leah A.","contributorId":202222,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kenney","given":"Leah","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaler, Robb S.","contributorId":202223,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaler","given":"Robb","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kissling, Michelle L.","contributorId":172675,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kissling","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bond, Alexander L.","contributorId":202224,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bond","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":36373,"text":"Ardenna Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285 ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin","email":"ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70195068,"text":"70195068 - 2018 - Comparison of HSPF and PRMS model simulated flows using different temporal and spatial scales in the Black Hills, South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-08T12:28:05","indexId":"70195068","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2341,"text":"Journal of Hydrologic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of HSPF and PRMS model simulated flows using different temporal and spatial scales in the Black Hills, South Dakota","docAbstract":"The hydrological simulation program Fortran (HSPF) [Hydrological Simulation Program Fortran version 12.2 (Computer software). USEPA, Washington, DC] and the precipitation runoff modeling system (PRMS) [Precipitation Runoff Modeling System version 4.0 (Computer software). USGS, Reston, VA] models are semidistributed, deterministic hydrological tools for simulating the impacts of precipitation, land use, and climate on basin hydrology and streamflow. Both models have been applied independently to many watersheds across the United States. This paper reports the statistical results assessing various temporal (daily, monthly, and annual) and spatial (small versus large watershed) scale biases in HSPF and PRMS simulations using two watersheds in the Black Hills, South Dakota. The Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), Pearson correlation coefficient (
Developing fast, cost-effective assessments of wild animal abundance is an important goal for many researchers, and environmental DNA (eDNA) holds much promise for this purpose. However, the quantitative relationship between species abundance and the amount of DNA present in the environment is likely to vary substantially among taxa and with ecological context. Here, we report a strong quantitative relationship between eDNA concentration and the abundance of spawning sockeye salmon in a small stream in Alaska, USA, where we took temporally- and spatially-replicated samples during the spawning period. This high-resolution dataset suggests that (1) eDNA concentrations vary significantly day-to-day, and likely within hours, in the context of the dynamic biological event of a salmon spawning season; (2) eDNA, as detected by species-specific quantitative PCR probes, seems to be conserved over short distances (tens of meters) in running water, but degrade quickly over larger scales (ca. 1.5 km); and (3) factors other than the mere presence of live, individual fish — such as location within the stream, live/dead ratio, and water temperature — can affect the eDNA-biomass correlation in space or time. A multivariate model incorporating both biotic and abiotic variables accounted for over 75% of the eDNA variance observed, suggesting that where a system is well-characterized, it may be possible to predict species' abundance from eDNA surveys, although we underscore that species- and system-specific variables are likely to limit the generality of any given quantitative model. Nevertheless, these findings provide an important step toward quantitative applications of eDNA in conservation and management.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2018.01.030","usgsCitation":"Tillotson, M.D., Kelly, R.P., Duda, J.J., Hoy, M.S., Kralj, J., and Quinn, T.P., 2018, Concentrations of environmental DNA (eDNA) reflect spawning salmon abundance at fine spatial and temporal scales: Biological Conservation, v. 220, p. 1-11, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2018.01.030.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"11","ipdsId":"IP-089550","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469008,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2018.01.030","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438018,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7K073HH","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Concentrations of environmental DNA (eDNA) during sockeye salmon spawning in 2016, Hansen Creek, Alaska, USA"},{"id":351365,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Hansen Creek","volume":"220","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7d6ff8e4b00f54eb244176","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tillotson, Michael D.","contributorId":202117,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tillotson","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36354,"text":"University of Washington, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195-5020","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelly, Ryan P.","contributorId":202201,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelly","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":36369,"text":"University of Washington, School of Marine and Environmental Affairs, 3710 Brooklyn Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98105. USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duda, Jeffrey J. 0000-0001-7431-8634 jduda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7431-8634","contributorId":148954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jduda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hoy, Marshal S. 0000-0003-2828-9697 mhoy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2828-9697","contributorId":3033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoy","given":"Marshal","email":"mhoy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kralj, James","contributorId":202118,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kralj","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36355,"text":"University of Washington, School of Marine and Environmental Affairs, 3710 Brooklyn Ave. NE, Seattle, WA 98105","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Quinn, Thomas P.","contributorId":167272,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quinn","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":24671,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fsiery Sciences, UW, Box 355020, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70193904,"text":"fs20173082 - 2018 - Assessment of undiscovered continuous oil and gas resources in the Bohaiwan Basin Province, China, 2017","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-08T09:59:04","indexId":"fs20173082","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-07T18:15:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-3082","title":"Assessment of undiscovered continuous oil and gas resources in the Bohaiwan Basin Province, China, 2017","docAbstract":"Using a geology-based assessment methodology, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated mean undiscovered, technically recoverable continuous resources of 2.0 billion barrels of oil and 20.3 trillion cubic feet of gas in the Bohaiwan Basin Province, China.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20173082","usgsCitation":"Schenk, C.J., Tennyson, M.E., Mercier, T.J., Woodall, C.A., Finn, T.M., Brownfield, M.E., Le, P.A., Klett, T.R., Gaswirth, S.B., Marra, K.R., Leathers-Miller, H.M., and Potter, C.J., 2018, Assessment of undiscovered continuous oil and gas resources in the Bohaiwan Basin Province, China, 2017: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2017–3082, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20173082.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-088568","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351203,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20173021","text":"Fact Sheet 2017–3021:","linkHelpText":"Assessment of Permian Tight Oil and Gas Resources in the Junggar Basin of China, 2016"},{"id":351202,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3082/fs20173082.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.06 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2017-3082"},{"id":351205,"rank":5,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3117","text":"Fact Sheet 2012–3117: ","linkHelpText":"Assessment of Undiscovered Conventional Oil and Gas Resources of Six Geologic Provinces of China, 2011"},{"id":351204,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20153087","text":"Fact Sheet 2015–3087:","linkHelpText":"Assessment of Undiscovered Continuous Gas Resources of the Ordos Basin Province, China, 2015"},{"id":351201,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3082/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":351206,"rank":6,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3018","text":"Fact Sheet 2012–3018:","linkHelpText":"Assessment of Potential Unconventional Carboniferous-Permian Gas Resources of the Liaohe Basin Eastern Uplift, Liaoning Province, China, 2011"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"Bohaiwan Basin Province","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 117,\n 35\n ],\n [\n 125,\n 35\n ],\n [\n 125,\n 43\n ],\n [\n 117,\n 43\n ],\n [\n 117,\n 35\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-939
Denver, CO 80225-0046
Ecological restoration is critical for recovering biodiversity and ecosystem services, yet designing interventions to achieve particular outcomes remains fraught with challenges. In the extensive regions where non-native species are firmly established, it is unlikely that historical conditions can be fully reinstated. To what degree, and how rapidly, can human-dominated areas be shifted via restoration into regimes that benefit target species, communities or processes?
We explore this question in a >20-year-old reforestation effort underway at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge in montane Hawaii. This large-scale planting of Acacia koa trees is designed to secure populations of globally threatened bird species by transitioning the site rapidly from pasture to native forest.
We surveyed all forest birds in multiple corridors of young planted trees, remnant corridors of mature trees along gulches and at sites within mature forest. Using a Bayesian hierarchical approach, we identified which factors (distance from forest, habitat type and surrounding tree cover) had the most important influence on native and exotic bird abundance in the reforestation area.
We found that 90% of native and exotic bird species responded quickly, occupying corridors of native trees approximately a decade after planting. However, native and exotic forest birds responded to markedly different characteristics of the reforested area. Native bird abundance was strongly predicted by proximity to mature forest and remnant corridors; conversely, exotic bird abundance was best predicted by overall tree cover throughout the area reforested.
Our results demonstrate that large-scale tree planting in corridors adjacent to mature forest can catalyse rapid recovery (both increased abundance and expanded distribution) of forest birds and that it is possible to design reforestation to benefit native species in novel ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ddi.12723","usgsCitation":"Pejchar, L., Gallo, T., Hooten, M., and Daily, G.C., 2018, Predicting effects of large-scale reforestation on native and exotic birds: Diversity and Distributions, v. 24, no. 6, p. 811-819, https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12723.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"811","endPage":"819","ipdsId":"IP-052845","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489029,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12723","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":394863,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.4,\n 19.8\n ],\n [\n -155.3,\n 19.8\n ],\n [\n -155.3,\n 19.89\n ],\n [\n -155.4,\n 19.89\n ],\n [\n -155.4,\n 19.8\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pejchar, Liba","contributorId":225494,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pejchar","given":"Liba","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":831776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gallo, Travis","contributorId":272224,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gallo","given":"Travis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hooten, Mevin 0000-0002-1614-723X mhooten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1614-723X","contributorId":2958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooten","given":"Mevin","email":"mhooten@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":12963,"text":"Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Fort Collins, CO","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":831667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Daily, Gretchen C.","contributorId":32767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daily","given":"Gretchen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70194701,"text":"sir20175151 - 2018 - Assessment of water resources and the potential effects from oil and gas development in the Bureau of Land Management Tri-County planning area, Sierra, Doña Ana, and Otero Counties, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-07T17:11:00","indexId":"sir20175151","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5151","title":"Assessment of water resources and the potential effects from oil and gas development in the Bureau of Land Management Tri-County planning area, Sierra, Doña Ana, and Otero Counties, New Mexico","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management, conducted a study to assess the water resources and potential effects on the water resources from oil and gas development in the Tri-County planning area, Sierra, Doña Ana, and Otero Counties, New Mexico. Publicly available data were used to assess these resources and effects and to identify data gaps in the Tri-County planning area.
The Tri-County planning area includes approximately 9.3 million acres and is within the eastern extent of the Basin and Range Province, which consists of mountain ranges and low elevation basins. Three specific areas of interest within the Tri-County planning area are the Jornada del Muerto, Tularosa Basin, and Otero Mesa, which is adjacent to the Salt Basin. Surface-water resources are limited in the Tri-County planning area, with the Rio Grande as the main perennial river flowing from north to south through Sierra and Doña Ana Counties. The Tularosa Creek is an important surface-water resource in the Tularosa Basin. The Sacramento River, which flows southeast out of the Sacramento Mountains, is an important source of recharge to aquifers in the Salt Basin. Groundwater resources vary in aquifer type, depth to water, and water quality. For example, the Jornada del Muerto, Tularosa Basin, and Salt Basin each have shallow and deep aquifer systems, and water can range from freshwater, with less than 1,000 milligrams per liter (mg/L) of total dissolved solids, to brine, with greater than 35,000 mg/L of total dissolved solids. Water quality in the Tri-County planning area is affected by the dissolution of salt deposits and evaporation which are common in arid regions such as southern New Mexico.
The potential for oil and gas development exists in several areas within the Tri-County area. As many as 81 new conventional wells and 25 coalbed natural gas wells could be developed by 2035. Conventional oil and gas well construction in the Tri-County planning area is expected to require 1.53 acre-feet (acre-ft) (500,000 gallons) of water per well, similar to requirements in the nearby Permian Basin of New Mexico, while construction of unconventional wells is expected to require 7.3 acre-ft of water per well. Produced waters in the Permian Basin have high total dissolved solids, in the brackish to brine range.
Data gaps identified in this study include the limited detailed data on surface-water resources, the lack of groundwater data in areas of interest, and the lack of water chemistry data related to oil and gas development issues. Surface waters in the Tri-County planning area are sparse; some streams are perennial, and most are ephemeral. A more detailed study of the ephemeral channels and their interaction with groundwater could provide a better understanding of the importance of these surface-water resources. Groundwater data used in this study are from the USGS National Water Information System, which does not have continuous water-level depth data at many of the sites in the Tri-County planning area. On Otero Mesa, no recurrent groundwater-level data are available at any one site. The water-quality data compiled in this study provide a good overview of the general chemistry of groundwater in the Tri-County planning area. To fully understand the groundwater resources, it would be helpful to have more wells in specific areas of interest for groundwater-level and water-quality measurements.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175151","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Blake, J.M., Miltenberger, Keely, Stewart, Anne, Ritchie, Andre, Montoya, Jennifer, Durr, Corey, McHugh, Amy, and Charles, Emmanuel, 2018, Assessment of water resources and the potential effects from oil and gas development in the Bureau of Land Management Tri-County planning area, Sierra, Doña Ana, and Otero Counties, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5151, 87 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175151. ","productDescription":"Report: x, 87 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"102","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-085998","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351050,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5151/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":351051,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5151/sir20175151.pdf","text":"Report","size":"12.0 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017–5151"},{"id":351052,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7DR2T0M","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Geodatabase supporting the assessment of hydrologic resources and the potential effects from oil and gas development in the Bureau of Land Management Tri-County Planning Area, Sierra, Doña Ana, and Otero Counties, New Mexico"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Doña Ana County, Otero County, Sierra County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-106.3733,32.0017],[-106.4575,32.0014],[-106.4743,32.0014],[-106.491,32.0013],[-106.5407,32.0011],[-106.558,32.001],[-106.576,32.001],[-106.6193,32.0012],[-106.619,31.998],[-106.6216,31.996],[-106.6266,31.9951],[-106.6306,31.9937],[-106.633,31.9915],[-106.6362,31.9878],[-106.6364,31.9873],[-106.6384,31.9832],[-106.6389,31.9791],[-106.6367,31.9764],[-106.6329,31.9755],[-106.6291,31.9755],[-106.6248,31.9757],[-106.6209,31.975],[-106.6183,31.9738],[-106.6175,31.9725],[-106.6177,31.9688],[-106.6196,31.966],[-106.622,31.9651],[-106.6247,31.9632],[-106.6268,31.961],[-106.6276,31.9577],[-106.6263,31.9555],[-106.6241,31.9547],[-106.6214,31.9549],[-106.6183,31.9564],[-106.6156,31.9566],[-106.6144,31.9544],[-106.6143,31.9535],[-106.6158,31.9516],[-106.6172,31.9501],[-106.6197,31.9468],[-106.6213,31.9436],[-106.6218,31.94],[-106.6225,31.9356],[-106.6229,31.9333],[-106.6244,31.9319],[-106.6264,31.9304],[-106.6287,31.929],[-106.6304,31.9272],[-106.6298,31.9251],[-106.6282,31.9244],[-106.6249,31.925],[-106.6211,31.9247],[-106.6185,31.9245],[-106.6168,31.9236],[-106.6149,31.9219],[-106.6147,31.9196],[-106.6162,31.9182],[-106.6188,31.9166],[-106.6222,31.9154],[-106.6257,31.9149],[-106.6297,31.9135],[-106.633,31.9121],[-106.6382,31.9091],[-106.6427,31.9047],[-106.6442,31.902],[-106.6458,31.8988],[-106.6452,31.8965],[-106.6431,31.8943],[-106.6393,31.892],[-106.6378,31.8908],[-106.6336,31.8865],[-106.6316,31.8829],[-106.6309,31.8798],[-106.6322,31.8761],[-106.6342,31.8729],[-106.6357,31.8701],[-106.636,31.8694],[-106.6342,31.8673],[-106.6309,31.8633],[-106.6177,31.8509],[-106.6103,31.8452],[-106.6064,31.8451],[-106.6032,31.8453],[-106.6009,31.8441],[-106.6007,31.8409],[-106.6011,31.8384],[-106.6016,31.8343],[-106.6016,31.8302],[-106.6013,31.8285],[-106.5994,31.8254],[-106.5961,31.8247],[-106.5934,31.8253],[-106.5907,31.8244],[-106.589,31.8238],[-106.587,31.8221],[-106.5844,31.8204],[-106.5803,31.816],[-106.5772,31.8116],[-106.5739,31.8109],[-106.5706,31.8102],[-106.5675,31.8107],[-106.5642,31.8115],[-106.5618,31.8119],[-106.5605,31.8121],[-106.5597,31.8122],[-106.5545,31.8122],[-106.5508,31.8118],[-106.544,31.8081],[-106.5416,31.8063],[-106.5394,31.8047],[-106.5363,31.8003],[-106.5334,31.7963],[-106.531,31.7947],[-106.5287,31.793],[-106.5275,31.7918],[-106.5264,31.79],[-106.5264,31.7886],[-106.5274,31.7868],[-106.529,31.7845],[-106.7472,31.7842],[-106.7833,31.7841],[-106.8119,31.7841],[-106.9691,31.784],[-107.001,31.784],[-107.1378,31.7841],[-107.1545,31.7844],[-107.2402,31.7843],[-107.2569,31.7842],[-107.2903,31.7842],[-107.2942,31.8225],[-107.2944,31.838],[-107.2942,31.9247],[-107.2944,31.9393],[-107.2943,31.9958],[-107.2945,32.0113],[-107.2957,32.0528],[-107.2962,32.0829],[-107.2959,32.0975],[-107.2965,32.1709],[-107.2962,32.1859],[-107.297,32.1996],[-107.2967,32.2142],[-107.2964,32.2292],[-107.2969,32.257],[-107.2967,32.2798],[-107.2969,32.2939],[-107.2966,32.3076],[-107.2966,32.345],[-107.2964,32.3605],[-107.296,32.3732],[-107.2959,32.4334],[-107.2956,32.4475],[-107.2965,32.504],[-107.297,32.5336],[-107.2967,32.5486],[-107.2972,32.5764],[-107.2974,32.5901],[-107.2977,32.6074],[-107.314,32.6072],[-107.3314,32.607],[-107.3477,32.6068],[-107.3815,32.6064],[-107.3989,32.6057],[-107.4163,32.606],[-107.4669,32.6067],[-107.4838,32.6065],[-107.5002,32.6067],[-107.5856,32.606],[-107.6052,32.6058],[-107.609,32.6057],[-107.6281,32.6059],[-107.645,32.6061],[-107.6646,32.6067],[-107.6712,32.6103],[-107.6909,32.6168],[-107.7063,32.622],[-107.7096,32.6234],[-107.7113,32.6261],[-107.7141,32.6338],[-107.7199,32.6473],[-107.7266,32.6573],[-107.723,32.6651],[-107.7226,32.671],[-107.7226,32.6742],[-107.7244,32.6796],[-107.7261,32.6841],[-107.7257,32.6896],[-107.7215,32.6961],[-107.7183,32.6984],[-107.7189,32.7011],[-107.7173,32.7048],[-107.7179,32.7084],[-107.7191,32.712],[-107.717,32.7157],[-107.7138,32.7208],[-107.7152,32.7353],[-107.7177,32.7462],[-107.7168,32.7553],[-107.7168,32.7581],[-107.7142,32.7608],[-107.7148,32.7636],[-107.7165,32.7686],[-107.7182,32.7731],[-107.72,32.7794],[-107.7322,32.7861],[-107.7378,32.7965],[-107.7446,32.8046],[-107.7459,32.8145],[-107.7417,32.821],[-107.7429,32.8255],[-107.7473,32.8296],[-107.7509,32.8432],[-107.7587,32.849],[-107.7658,32.8511],[-107.7703,32.8552],[-107.7715,32.8629],[-107.7728,32.8711],[-107.7741,32.8783],[-107.7753,32.8865],[-107.7749,32.8933],[-107.7708,32.9025],[-107.7655,32.9103],[-107.7634,32.9163],[-107.7657,32.9217],[-107.7703,32.9285],[-107.7719,32.9307],[-107.7683,32.9403],[-107.7707,32.9494],[-107.774,32.9512],[-107.7768,32.9511],[-107.7811,32.9497],[-107.7854,32.9474],[-107.7898,32.9487],[-107.7926,32.9509],[-107.7938,32.9527],[-107.7966,32.9563],[-107.7988,32.9581],[-107.8054,32.958],[-107.8086,32.9575],[-107.8136,32.9588],[-107.8152,32.9587],[-107.8175,32.961],[-107.8191,32.9623],[-107.8208,32.9632],[-107.8247,32.9672],[-107.827,32.9704],[-107.8287,32.9726],[-107.8298,32.974],[-107.8315,32.9762],[-107.8327,32.9799],[-107.8333,32.9826],[-107.835,32.9844],[-107.8367,32.9875],[-107.8395,32.9893],[-107.8406,32.9907],[-107.8467,32.9947],[-107.8489,32.9951],[-107.8495,32.9996],[-107.8453,33.0047],[-107.8443,33.0097],[-107.8444,33.0138],[-107.845,33.0179],[-107.8468,33.0242],[-107.8514,33.0319],[-107.852,33.0328],[-107.8537,33.0382],[-107.8489,33.0433],[-107.8496,33.0506],[-107.8459,33.0557],[-107.8422,33.0598],[-107.8374,33.0649],[-107.8342,33.0691],[-107.8326,33.0723],[-107.8322,33.0773],[-107.8345,33.0813],[-107.8389,33.0831],[-107.8434,33.0858],[-107.8429,33.0899],[-107.8408,33.0954],[-107.8414,33.0981],[-107.8426,33.0999],[-107.8442,33.1012],[-107.8454,33.1039],[-107.8455,33.1076],[-107.8462,33.1121],[-107.8473,33.1153],[-107.8474,33.1185],[-107.8485,33.1203],[-107.847,33.1235],[-107.846,33.1281],[-107.8444,33.1322],[-107.8494,33.1348],[-107.8506,33.1366],[-107.8523,33.1425],[-107.8519,33.1475],[-107.8541,33.1493],[-107.8526,33.1543],[-107.8527,33.1584],[-107.8544,33.1602],[-107.855,33.1643],[-107.8508,33.1689],[-107.8421,33.1713],[-107.8378,33.176],[-107.8385,33.1855],[-107.8446,33.1881],[-107.8518,33.1912],[-107.8579,33.1925],[-107.857,33.1993],[-107.8642,33.2038],[-108.0003,33.2042],[-107.9974,33.3289],[-107.9962,33.3927],[-107.9968,33.48],[-107.9181,33.4791],[-107.8113,33.4795],[-107.7304,33.4784],[-107.7116,33.4774],[-107.6748,33.4774],[-107.6401,33.4775],[-107.6236,33.4773],[-107.6038,33.4775],[-107.5036,33.478],[-107.4898,33.4777],[-107.4491,33.4787],[-107.3946,33.4789],[-107.3021,33.4777],[-107.2603,33.4782],[-107.2256,33.4785],[-107.2091,33.4792],[-107.191,33.4794],[-107.1739,33.4791],[-107.1569,33.4793],[-107.1409,33.4794],[-107.1255,33.4796],[-107.1073,33.4788],[-106.9999,33.4757],[-106.8833,33.4771],[-106.831,33.4771],[-106.8145,33.4772],[-106.7974,33.4773],[-106.7809,33.4774],[-106.7617,33.4771],[-106.7441,33.4772],[-106.4684,33.4782],[-106.4684,33.4828],[-106.3693,33.4813],[-106.3683,33.3908],[-106.3403,33.3913],[-106.1028,33.3918],[-106.0935,33.3923],[-106.0676,33.3923],[-106.0594,33.3923],[-106.0495,33.3923],[-106.0418,33.3923],[-106.0313,33.3923],[-106.0143,33.3923],[-105.9978,33.3923],[-105.9879,33.3927],[-105.9285,33.3927],[-105.8774,33.3918],[-105.8411,33.3922],[-105.7218,33.3924],[-105.7221,33.3069],[-105.5179,33.308],[-105.4157,33.3075],[-105.3125,33.3065],[-105.314,33.1323],[-105.3136,33.0485],[-105.3142,33.0044],[-105.3143,32.9629],[-105.3512,32.9628],[-105.3514,32.9276],[-105.3536,32.5218],[-105.3165,32.5221],[-105.2997,32.522],[-105.2828,32.5219],[-105.266,32.5218],[-105.2497,32.5217],[-105.2301,32.5216],[-105.2138,32.5219],[-105.1801,32.5217],[-105.1627,32.5215],[-105.1436,32.5214],[-105.1441,32.5241],[-105.1376,32.5241],[-105.0083,32.5208],[-104.9767,32.5205],[-104.9593,32.5203],[-104.9436,32.5202],[-104.9403,32.5201],[-104.9338,32.5201],[-104.924,32.52],[-104.9164,32.5199],[-104.9071,32.5194],[-104.8658,32.519],[-104.8566,32.5189],[-104.849,32.5188],[-104.8491,32.5124],[-104.8495,32.4427],[-104.8492,32.4286],[-104.8496,32.399],[-104.8493,32.3839],[-104.8495,32.2554],[-104.8457,32.2554],[-104.8461,32.1533],[-104.8463,32.1378],[-104.8462,32.1104],[-104.8464,32.0958],[-104.8466,32.0031],[-104.8612,32.003],[-104.9115,32.0029],[-104.9201,32.0029],[-104.9282,32.0029],[-104.9449,32.0029],[-104.9606,32.003],[-105.0114,32.0026],[-105.0276,32.0028],[-105.0439,32.0029],[-105.0601,32.0027],[-105.0775,32.0028],[-105.1445,32.0025],[-105.1521,32.0025],[-105.1643,32.0024],[-105.1853,32.0022],[-105.2145,32.002],[-105.2486,32.0017],[-105.2534,32.0017],[-105.2619,32.0017],[-105.3015,32.002],[-105.3177,32.0021],[-105.335,32.0023],[-105.3528,32.0019],[-105.3701,32.002],[-105.4204,32.0023],[-105.4372,32.0024],[-105.454,32.0021],[-105.4713,32.0021],[-105.5216,32.0024],[-105.572,32.0022],[-105.6219,32.0022],[-105.6391,32.0022],[-105.6467,32.0018],[-105.6662,32.0019],[-105.7169,32.002],[-105.7337,32.002],[-105.7548,32.0016],[-105.7738,32.0016],[-105.7953,32.0017],[-105.8228,32.0018],[-105.8393,32.0019],[-105.8622,32.0019],[-105.879,32.0019],[-105.9281,32.0019],[-105.9444,32.0019],[-105.9978,32.002],[-106.0439,32.002],[-106.1662,32.0023],[-106.2214,32.0021],[-106.314,32.0018],[-106.3733,32.0017]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Dona Ana\",\"state\":\"NM\"}}]}","contact":"Director, New Mexico Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5338 Montgomery Blvd., NE Suite 400
Albuquerque, NM 87109–1311
Floodplains and streambanks can positively and negatively influence downstream water quality through interacting geomorphic and biogeochemical processes. Few studies have measured those processes in agricultural watersheds. We measured inputs (floodplain sedimentation and dissolved inorganic loading), cycling (floodplain soil nitrogen [N] and phosphorus [P] mineralization), and losses (bank erosion) of sediment, N, and P longitudinally in stream reaches of Smith Creek, an agricultural watershed in the Valley and Ridge physiographic province. All study reaches were net depositional (floodplain deposition > bank erosion), had high N and P sedimentation and loading rates to the floodplain, high soil concentrations of N and P, and high rates of floodplain soil N and P mineralization. High sediment, N, and P inputs to floodplains are attributed to agricultural activity in the region. Rates of P mineralization were much greater than those measured in other studies of nontidal floodplains that used the same method. Floodplain connectivity and sediment deposition decreased longitudinally, contrary to patterns in most watersheds. The net trapping function of Smith Creek floodplains indicates a benefit to water quality. Further research is needed to determine if future decreases in floodplain deposition, continued bank erosion, and the potential for nitrate leaching from nutrient-enriched floodplain soils could pose a long-term source of sediment and nutrients to downstream rivers.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.12624","usgsCitation":"Gillespie, J., Noe, G.E., Hupp, C.R., Gellis, A.C., and Schenk, E., 2018, Floodplain trapping and cycling compared to streambank erosion of sediment and nutrients in an agricultural watershed: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 54, no. 2, p. 565-582, https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12624.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"565","endPage":"582","ipdsId":"IP-081496","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438021,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7Z036BD","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Floodplain sedimentation, bank erosion, and biogeochemical cycling of sediment and nutrients in Smith Creek (Virginia) 2012-2015"},{"id":351245,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.8667,\n 38.4167\n ],\n [\n -78.55,\n 38.4167\n ],\n [\n -78.55,\n 38.7333\n ],\n [\n -78.8667,\n 38.7333\n ],\n [\n -78.8667,\n 38.4167\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"54","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-01-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7c1e6ce4b00f54eb229289","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gillespie, Jaimie 0000-0002-6483-0359","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6483-0359","contributorId":202016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillespie","given":"Jaimie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noe, Gregory E. 0000-0002-6661-2646 gnoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6661-2646","contributorId":139100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"Gregory","email":"gnoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hupp, Cliff R. 0000-0003-1853-9197 crhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1853-9197","contributorId":2344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Cliff","email":"crhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gellis, Allen C. 0000-0002-3449-2889 agellis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-2889","contributorId":197684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gellis","given":"Allen","email":"agellis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schenk, Edward R.","contributorId":202017,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schenk","given":"Edward R.","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}