We describe swarming behavior in the invasive cladoceran Daphnia lumholtzi Sars, 1885 in a Kentucky, USA, reservoir during winter 2017. The taxon is a highly successful tropical invader and has spread throughout the lower latitude systems in the USA since its discovery in 1991. Other than a few isolated reports, the abundance of D. lumholtzi is often <1 organism L-1. Previous studies indicate that D. lumholtzi is a largely thermophilic species often peaking in abundance in late summer after native daphnids are gone from the water column of lakes and reservoirs. Prior to our study, there have been no published reports of swarming behavior by this species. We document the occurrence of massive swarms (>10,000 organisms L-1) of sexually reproducing females of this exotic cladoceran at water column temperatures <10°C.
","language":"English","publisher":"REABIC","doi":"10.3391/bir.2018.7.1.06","usgsCitation":"Beaver, J.R., Renicker, T.R., Tausz, C.E., Young, J.L., Thomason, J.C., Wolf, Z.L., Russell, A.L., Cherry, M.A., Scotese, K.C., and Koenig, D.T., 2018, Winter swarming behavior by the exotic cladoceran Daphnia lumholtzi Sars, 1885 in a Kentucky (USA) reservoir : BioInvasions Records, v. 7, no. 1, p. 43-50, https://doi.org/10.3391/bir.2018.7.1.06.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"50","ipdsId":"IP-088884","costCenters":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469031,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3391/bir.2018.7.1.06","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438025,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7BZ657V","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Zooplankton, phytoplankton, and water-quality data for Nolin Lake near Finney, Kentucky during a midwinter swarm by the exotic cladoceran Daphnia lumholtzi, 2016-2017"},{"id":351217,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","otherGeospatial":"Nolin Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.25984191894531,\n 37.27036454209622\n ],\n [\n -86.21366500854492,\n 37.27036454209622\n ],\n [\n -86.21366500854492,\n 37.29904630714422\n ],\n [\n -86.25984191894531,\n 37.29904630714422\n ],\n [\n -86.25984191894531,\n 37.27036454209622\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7acd17e4b00f54eb20c579","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beaver, John R. 0000-0003-0091-2387","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0091-2387","contributorId":202089,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beaver","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36339,"text":"BSA Environmental Services, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Renicker, Thomas R.","contributorId":202090,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Renicker","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36339,"text":"BSA Environmental Services, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tausz, Claudia E.","contributorId":202091,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tausz","given":"Claudia","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36339,"text":"BSA Environmental Services, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Young, Jade L.","contributorId":202092,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Young","given":"Jade","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thomason, Jennifer C.","contributorId":202093,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomason","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wolf, Zachary L.","contributorId":202094,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wolf","given":"Zachary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Russell, Amber L.","contributorId":202095,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Russell","given":"Amber","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cherry, Mac A. 0000-0001-6153-7010 macherry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6153-7010","contributorId":191313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cherry","given":"Mac","email":"macherry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":727606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Scotese, Kyle C.","contributorId":201592,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scotese","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36339,"text":"BSA Environmental Services, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":727720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Koenig, Dawn T.","contributorId":90688,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koenig","given":"Dawn","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":36339,"text":"BSA Environmental Services, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70195039,"text":"70195039 - 2018 - Semi-arid grassland bird responses to patch-burn grazing and drought","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T09:33:33","indexId":"70195039","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Semi-arid grassland bird responses to patch-burn grazing and drought","docAbstract":"As grassland birds of central North America experience steep population declines with changes in land use, management of remaining tracts becomes increasingly important for population viability. The integrated use of fire and grazing may enhance vegetation heterogeneity and diversity in breeding birds, but the subsequent effects on reproduction are unknown. We examined the influence of patch-burn grazing management in shortgrass steppe in eastern Colorado on habitat use and reproductive success of 3 grassland bird species, horned lark (Eremophila alpestris), lark bunting (Calamospiza melanocorys), and McCown’s longspur (Rhynchophanes mccownii), at several spatial scales during 2011 and 2012. Although no simple direct relationship to patch-burn grazing treatment existed, habitat selection depended on precipitation- and management-induced vegetation conditions and spatial scale. All species selected taller-than-expected vegetation at the nest site, whereas at the territory scale, horned larks and McCown’s longspurs selected areas with low vegetation height and sparse cover of tall plants (taller than the dominant shortgrasses). Buntings nested primarily in unburned grassland under average rainfall. Larks and longspurs shifted activity from patch burns during average precipitation (2011) to unburned pastures during drought (2012). Daily survival rate (DSR) of nests varied with time in season, species, weather, and vegetation structure. Daily survival rate of McCown’s longspur nests did not vary with foliar cover of relatively tall vegetation at the nest under average precipitation but declined with increasing cover during drought. At the 200-m scale, increasing cover of shortgrasses, rather than taller plant species, improved DSR of larks and longspurs. These birds experience tradeoffs in the selection of habitat at different spatial scales: tall structure at nests may reduce visual detection by predators and provide protection from sun, wind, and rain, yet taller structure surrounding territories may host nest predators. Patch-burn grazing management in combination with other strategies that retain taller-structured vegetation may help sustain a diversity of breeding habitats for shortgrass birds under varying weather conditions.","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21379","usgsCitation":"Skagen, S., Augustine, D.J., and Derner, J.D., 2018, Semi-arid grassland bird responses to patch-burn grazing and drought: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 82, p. 445-456, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21379.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"445","endPage":"456","ipdsId":"IP-073515","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351037,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-10-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7acd1be4b00f54eb20c586","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skagen, Susan K. 0000-0002-6744-1244 skagens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6744-1244","contributorId":167829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skagen","given":"Susan K.","email":"skagens@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":726691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Augustine, David J.","contributorId":189957,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Augustine","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Derner, Justin D.","contributorId":169766,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Derner","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":25583,"text":"USDA-ARS Central Plains Experimental Range, Cheyenne, WY 82009","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70195226,"text":"70195226 - 2018 - Hydroclimatology of the Missouri River basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T18:16:45","indexId":"70195226","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2344,"text":"Journal of Hydrometeorology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydroclimatology of the Missouri River basin","docAbstract":"Despite the importance of the Missouri River for navigation, recreation, habitat, hydroelectric power, and agriculture, relatively little is known about the basic hydroclimatology of the Missouri River basin (MRB). This is of particular concern given the droughts and floods that have occurred over the past several decades and the potential future exacerbation of these extremes by climate change. Here, observed and modeled hydroclimatic data and estimated natural flow records in the MRB are used to 1) assess the major source regions of MRB flow, 2) describe the climatic controls on streamflow in the upper and lower basins , and 3) investigate trends over the instrumental period. Analyses indicate that 72% of MRB runoff is generated by the headwaters in the upper basin and by the lowest portion of the basin near the mouth. Spring precipitation and temperature and winter precipitation impacted by changes in zonal versus meridional flow from the Pacific Ocean play key roles in surface water supply variability in the upper basin. Lower basin flow is significantly correlated with precipitation in late spring and early summer, indicative of Atlantic-influenced circulation variability affecting the flow of moisture from the Gulf of Mexico. Although increases in precipitation in the lower basin are currently overriding the effects of warming temperatures on total MRB flow, the upper basin’s long-term trend toward decreasing flows, reduction in snow versus rain fraction, and warming spring temperatures suggest that the upper basin may less often provide important flow supplements to the lower basin in the future.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorology Society","doi":"10.1175/JHM-D-17-0155.1","usgsCitation":"Wise, E.K., Woodhouse, C.A., McCabe, G.J., Pederson, G.T., and St. Jacques, J., 2018, Hydroclimatology of the Missouri River basin: Journal of Hydrometeorology, v. 19, no. 1, p. 161-182, https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-17-0155.1.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"182","ipdsId":"IP-089104","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469027,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.17615/er6r-bm17","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":351220,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Missouri River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.2197265625,\n 38.42777351132902\n ],\n [\n -91.97753906249999,\n 41.178653972331674\n ],\n [\n -94.921875,\n 43.54854811091286\n ],\n [\n -104.0185546875,\n 49.095452162534826\n ],\n [\n -111.26953125,\n 49.52520834197442\n ],\n [\n -114.43359375,\n 46.5739667965278\n ],\n [\n -104.94140625,\n 38.58252615935333\n ],\n [\n -90.2197265625,\n 38.42777351132902\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"19","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-01-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7acd1ae4b00f54eb20c581","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wise, Erika K.","contributorId":202071,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wise","given":"Erika","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":27051,"text":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woodhouse, Connie A.","contributorId":187601,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woodhouse","given":"Connie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":32413,"text":"University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, 85721","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCabe, Gregory J. 0000-0002-9258-2997 gmccabe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-2997","contributorId":200854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"Gregory","email":"gmccabe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pederson, Gregory T. 0000-0002-6014-1425 gpederson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6014-1425","contributorId":3106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pederson","given":"Gregory","email":"gpederson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"St. Jacques, Jeannine-Marie","contributorId":195063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"St. Jacques","given":"Jeannine-Marie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":727529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70195228,"text":"70195228 - 2018 - Investigating runoff efficiency in upper Colorado River streamflow over past centuries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-22T12:50:21","indexId":"70195228","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Investigating runoff efficiency in upper Colorado River streamflow over past centuries","docAbstract":"With increasing concerns about the impact of warming temperatures on water resources, more attention is being paid to the relationship between runoff and precipitation, or runoff efficiency. Temperature is a key influence on Colorado River runoff efficiency, and warming temperatures are projected to reduce runoff efficiency. Here, we investigate the nature of runoff efficiency in the upper Colorado River (UCRB) basin over the past 400 years, with a specific focus on major droughts and pluvials, and to contextualize the instrumental period. We first verify the feasibility of reconstructing runoff efficiency from tree-ring data. The reconstruction is then used to evaluate variability in runoff efficiency over periods of high and low flow, and its correspondence to a reconstruction of late runoff season UCRB temperature variability. Results indicate that runoff efficiency has played a consistent role in modulating the relationship between precipitation and streamflow over past centuries, and that temperature has likely been the key control. While negative runoff efficiency is most common during dry periods, and positive runoff efficiency during wet years, there are some instances of positive runoff efficiency moderating the impact of precipitation deficits on streamflow. Compared to past centuries, the 20th century has experienced twice as many high flow years with negative runoff efficiency, likely due to warm temperatures. These results suggest warming temperatures will continue to reduce runoff efficiency in wet or dry years, and that future flows will be less than anticipated from precipitation due to warming temperatures.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2017WR021663","usgsCitation":"Woodhouse, C.A., and Pederson, G.T., 2018, Investigating runoff efficiency in upper Colorado River streamflow over past centuries: Water Resources Research, v. 54, no. 1, p. 286-300, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017WR021663.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"286","endPage":"300","ipdsId":"IP-082478","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469029,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/627610","text":"External Repository"},{"id":351219,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River","volume":"54","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-01-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7acd18e4b00f54eb20c57e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodhouse, Connie A.","contributorId":187601,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woodhouse","given":"Connie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":32413,"text":"University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, 85721","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pederson, Gregory T. 0000-0002-6014-1425 gpederson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6014-1425","contributorId":3106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pederson","given":"Gregory","email":"gpederson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70195250,"text":"70195250 - 2018 - Occupancy modeling of autonomously recorded vocalizations to predict distribution of rallids in tidal wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-13T13:03:41","indexId":"70195250","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occupancy modeling of autonomously recorded vocalizations to predict distribution of rallids in tidal wetlands","docAbstract":"Conservation and management for a species requires reliable information on its status, distribution, and habitat use. We identified occupancy and distributions of king (Rallus elegans) and clapper (R. crepitans) rail populations in marsh complexes along the Pamunkey and Mattaponi Rivers in Virginia, USA by modeling data on vocalizations recorded from autonomous recording units (ARUs). Occupancy probability for both species combined was 0.64 (95% CI: 0.53, 0.75) in marshes along the Pamunkey and 0.59 (0.45, 0.72) in marshes along the Mattaponi. Occupancy probability along the Pamunkey was strongly influenced by salinity, increasing logistically by a factor of 1.62 (0.6, 2.65) per parts per thousand of salinity. In contrast, there was not a strong salinity gradient on the Mattaponi and therefore vegetative community structure determined occupancy probability on that river. Estimated detection probability across both marshes was 0.63 (0.62, 0.65), but detection rates decreased as the season progressed. Monitoring wildlife within wetlands presents unique challenges for conservation managers. Our findings provide insight not only into how rails responded to environmental variation but also into the general utility of ARUs for occupancy modeling of the distribution and habitat associations of rails within tidal marsh systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s13157-018-1003-z","usgsCitation":"Stiffler, L.L., Anderson, J.T., and Katzner, T., 2018, Occupancy modeling of autonomously recorded vocalizations to predict distribution of rallids in tidal wetlands: Wetlands, v. 38, no. 3, p. 605-612, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-018-1003-z.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"605","endPage":"612","ipdsId":"IP-088312","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351216,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Mattaponi River, Pamunkey River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.96678161621094,\n 37.51190453731693\n ],\n [\n -76.75804138183594,\n 37.51190453731693\n ],\n [\n -76.75804138183594,\n 37.6359849542696\n ],\n [\n -76.96678161621094,\n 37.6359849542696\n ],\n [\n -76.96678161621094,\n 37.51190453731693\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-01-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7acd15e4b00f54eb20c576","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stiffler, Lydia L.","contributorId":198904,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stiffler","given":"Lydia","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12697,"text":"University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":12432,"text":"West Virginia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, James T.","contributorId":28071,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":12432,"text":"West Virginia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Katzner, Todd E. 0000-0003-4503-8435 tkatzner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4503-8435","contributorId":191353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katzner","given":"Todd E.","email":"tkatzner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70273480,"text":"70273480 - 2018 - Aeolian stratigraphy describes ice-age paleoenvironments in unglaciated Arctic Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-16T15:02:31.587765","indexId":"70273480","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aeolian stratigraphy describes ice-age paleoenvironments in unglaciated Arctic Alaska","docAbstract":"Terrestrial paleoenvironmental records with high dating resolution extending into the last ice age are rare from the western Arctic. Such records can test the synchronicity and extent of ice-age climatic events and define how Arctic landscapes respond to rapid climate changes. Here we describe the stratigraphy and sedimentology of a yedoma deposit in Arctic Alaska (the Carter Section) dating to between 37,000 and 9000 calibrated radiocarbon years BP (37–9 ka) and containing detailed records of loess and sand-sheet sedimentation, soil development, carbon storage, and permafrost dynamics. Alternation between sand-sheet and loess deposition provides a proxy for the extent and activity of the Ikpikpuk Sand Sea (ISS), a large dune field located immediately upwind. Warm, moist interstadial times (ca. 37, 36.3–32.5, and 15–13 ka) triggered floodplain aggradation, permafrost thaw, reduced loess deposition, increased vegetation cover, and rapid soil development accompanied by enhanced carbon storage. During the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, ca. 28–18 ka), rapid loess deposition took place on a landscape where vegetation was sparse and non-woody. The most intense aeolian activity occurred after the LGM between ca. 18 and 15 ka when sand sheets fringing the ISS expanded over the site, possibly in response to increasingly droughty conditions as summers warmed and active layers deepened. With the exception of this lagged LGM response, the record of aeolian activity at the Carter Section correlates with other paleoenvironmental records from unglaciated Siberia and Alaska. Overall, rapid shifts in geomorphology, soils, vegetation, and permafrost portray an ice-age landscape where, in contrast to the Holocene, environmental change was chronic and dominated by aeolian processes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.01.002","usgsCitation":"Gaglioti, B.V., Mann, D.H., Groves, P., Kunz, M.L., Farquharson, L.M., Reanier, R.E., Jones, B.M., and Wooller, M.J., 2018, Aeolian stratigraphy describes ice-age paleoenvironments in unglaciated Arctic Alaska: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 182, p. 175-190, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.01.002.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"175","endPage":"190","ipdsId":"IP-080444","costCenters":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498738,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"North Slope","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -169.01434119137934,\n 69.46006826079085\n ],\n [\n -167.21578223335098,\n 68.03869926703291\n ],\n [\n -151.13574463185043,\n 67.84176222340056\n ],\n [\n -149.15883154858946,\n 71.72244393088454\n ],\n [\n -164.17595949150558,\n 70.9129056043337\n ],\n [\n -169.01434119137934,\n 69.46006826079085\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"182","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gaglioti, Benjamin V.","contributorId":365187,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gaglioti","given":"Benjamin","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":7171,"text":"Columbia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mann, Daniel H.","contributorId":175207,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mann","given":"Daniel","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":6695,"text":"UAF","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Groves, Pamela","contributorId":193132,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Groves","given":"Pamela","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":953889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kunz, Michael L.","contributorId":365189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kunz","given":"Michael","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":953890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Farquharson, Louise M.","contributorId":175206,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farquharson","given":"Louise","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6695,"text":"UAF","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Reanier, Richard E.","contributorId":365190,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reanier","given":"Richard","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":87073,"text":"Reanier Associates","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jones, Benjamin M. 0000-0002-1517-4711 bjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1517-4711","contributorId":2286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Benjamin","email":"bjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wooller, Matthew J.","contributorId":267776,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wooller","given":"Matthew","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70196342,"text":"70196342 - 2018 - Snow sublimation in mountain environments and its sensitivity to forest disturbance and climate warming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T11:07:44","indexId":"70196342","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Snow sublimation in mountain environments and its sensitivity to forest disturbance and climate warming","docAbstract":"Snow sublimation is an important component of the snow mass balance, but the spatial and temporal variability of this process is not well understood in mountain environments. This study combines a process‐based snow model (SnowModel) with eddy covariance (EC) measurements to investigate (1) the spatio‐temporal variability of simulated snow sublimation with respect to station observations, (2) the contribution of snow sublimation to the ablation of the snowpack, and (3) the sensitivity and response of snow sublimation to bark beetle‐induced forest mortality and climate warming across the north‐central Colorado Rocky Mountains. EC‐based observations of snow sublimation compared well with simulated snow sublimation at stations dominated by surface and canopy sublimation, but blowing snow sublimation in alpine areas was not well captured by the EC instrumentation. Water balance calculations provided an important validation of simulated sublimation at the watershed scale. Simulated snow sublimation across the study area was equivalent to 28% of winter precipitation on average, and the highest relative snow sublimation fluxes occurred during the lowest snow years. Snow sublimation from forested areas accounted for the majority of sublimation fluxes, highlighting the importance of canopy and sub‐canopy surface sublimation in this region. Simulations incorporating the effects of tree mortality due to bark‐beetle disturbance resulted in a 4% reduction in snow sublimation from forested areas. Snow sublimation rates corresponding to climate warming simulations remained unchanged or slightly increased, but total sublimation losses decreased by up to 6% because of a reduction in snow covered area and duration.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2017WR021172","usgsCitation":"Sexstone, G., Clow, D.W., Fassnacht, S.R., Liston, G.E., Hiemstra, C.A., Knowles, J.F., and Penn, C.A., 2018, Snow sublimation in mountain environments and its sensitivity to forest disturbance and climate warming: Water Resources Research, v. 54, no. 2, p. 1191-1211, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017WR021172.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1191","endPage":"1211","ipdsId":"IP-087155","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469034,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017wr021172","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438026,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F75M64QQ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"SnowModel simulations and supporting observations for the north-central Colorado Rocky Mountains during water years 2011 through 2015"},{"id":353081,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee73fe4b0da30c1bfc1bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sexstone, Graham A. 0000-0001-8913-0546","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8913-0546","contributorId":203850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sexstone","given":"Graham A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":732483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clow, David W. 0000-0001-6183-4824 dwclow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-4824","contributorId":1671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"David","email":"dwclow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":732484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fassnacht, Steven R.","contributorId":177135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fassnacht","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":732485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liston, Glen E.","contributorId":203852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liston","given":"Glen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36729,"text":"Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":732486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hiemstra, Christopher A.","contributorId":147379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hiemstra","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12537,"text":"USACE","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":732487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Knowles, John F.","contributorId":203853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knowles","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13693,"text":"University of Colorado Boulder","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":732488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Penn, Colin A. 0000-0002-5195-2744","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5195-2744","contributorId":203851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Penn","given":"Colin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":732489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70194995,"text":"ofr20181014 - 2018 - Relations between total phosphorus and orthophosphorus concentrations and rainfall, surface-water discharge, and groundwater levels in Big Cypress Seminole Indian Reservation, Florida, 2014–16","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-07T10:51:43","indexId":"ofr20181014","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-1014","title":"Relations between total phosphorus and orthophosphorus concentrations and rainfall, surface-water discharge, and groundwater levels in Big Cypress Seminole Indian Reservation, Florida, 2014–16","docAbstract":"The Seminole Tribe of Florida (the Tribe) is partnering with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to develop a numeric phosphorus criterion for the 52,000-acre Big Cypress Seminole Indian Reservation (BCSIR), which is located downgradient of the Everglades Agricultural Area, and of other public and private lands, in southeastern Hendry County and northwestern Broward County in southern Florida. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Tribe, used water-quality data collected between October 2014 and September 2016 by the Tribe and the South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD), along with data from rainfall gages, surface-water stage and discharge gages, and groundwater monitoring wells, to (1) examine the relations between local hydrology and measured total phosphorus (TP) and orthophosphorus (OP) concentrations and (2) identify explanatory variables for TP concentrations. Of particular concern were conditions when TP exceeded 10 parts per billion (ppb) (0.01 milligram per liter [mg/L]) given that the State of Florida and the Miccosukee Tribe of Indians Alligator Alley Reservation (located downstream of the BCSIR) have adopted a 10-ppb maximum TP criterion for surface waters.
From October 2014 to September 2016, the Tribe collected 47–52 samples at each of nine water-quality sites for analysis of TP and OP, except at one site where 28 samples were collected. For all sites sampled, concentrations of TP (as phosphorus [P]) ranged from less than 0.002 mg/L (2 ppb) to a maximum of nearly 0.50 mg/L (500 ppb), whereas concentrations of OP (as P), the reactive form of inorganic phosphorus readily absorbed by plants and (or) abiotically absorbed, ranged from less than 0.003 mg/L (3 ppb) to a maximum of 0.24 mg/L (240 ppb). The median and interquartile ranges of concentrations of TP and OP in the samples collected in 2014–16 by the Tribe were similar to the median and interquartile ranges of concentrations in samples collected by the SFWMD at nearby sites during the same period. Differences in concentrations can likely be explained by differences in sample collection methods, sampling locations, sample collection time, and the hydrology during sampling or by the number of samples collected. A major limitation of this study was the short duration of sample collection, which covers a limited range of hydrologic conditions within the BCSIR.
The effect of surface-water and groundwater hydrologic conditions on TP and OP concentrations was assessed by using rainfall data and surface-water stage and discharge records. The highest TP and OP concentrations occurred during peak surface-water flows in the canals following long dry periods. Concentrations of TP and OP increased internal to the BCSIR in the western half of the BCSIR during wet periods, but increased concentrations tended to lag behind rainfall events, likely because control structures upstream of sampling sites do not release flows until the water levels in the canals reach predetermined levels. This pattern may indicate that bed sediments in the canals contain high concentrations of phosphorus that becomes resuspended during high flows or that phosphorus salts that had accumulated on dry land during dry periods are carried into the canals by runoff. The largest TP spikes usually occurred at the beginning of high-flow events, but then quickly tapered off even when flows remained high.
Groundwater flows were assessed in the BCSIR by using groundwater level observations from two preexisting USGS monitoring well clusters, each characterized by a shallow well installed in the surficial aquifer system and a deeper well installed in the intermediate aquifer system. Groundwater levels were evaluated with respect to surface-water levels and discharge in the BCSIR during the period of surface-water sampling. During dry conditions water levels in canals were often higher than groundwater levels in the surficial aquifer, indicating the potential for surface water to recharge the surficial aquifer. During wetter conditions, this trend reversed, and there was potential for shallow groundwater discharge into the canals.
From October 2014 to September 2016, concentrations of TP tended to decrease as surface-water inflows moved across the BCSIR from north to south. In both the western and eastern halves of the reservation, the mean concentration of TP was lower in the surface-water outflows from the BCSIR than in the inflows. The mean concentration of TP in the inflows to the western reservation was 0.04 mg/L (40 ppb), whereas the mean concentration of TP in the outflows was 0.03 mg/L (30 ppb). In the eastern reservation, the mean concentration of TP in the inflows was 0.07 mg/L (70 ppb), whereas the mean concentration of TP in the outflows was 0.04 mg/L (40 ppb).
TP and OP concentrations were evaluated relative to other water-quality parameters, including turbidity, suspended solids, nitrate plus nitrite, dissolved oxygen, pH, and specific conductance, to determine if any relations existed between TP and other variables. Weak relations were indicated for turbidity and suspended solids at two sites, which indicates that there may be a relation of increased TP to mobilization of sediment.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181014","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Seminole Tribe of Florida","usgsCitation":"McBride, W.S., and Sifuentes, D.F., 2018, Relations between total phosphorus and orthophosphorus concentrations and rainfall, surface-water discharge, and groundwater levels in Big Cypress Seminole Indian Reservation, Florida, 2014–16: U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report 2018–1014, 63 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181014.","productDescription":"xi, 63 p.","numberOfPages":"79","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-086087","costCenters":[{"id":270,"text":"FLWSC-Tampa","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351046,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1014/ofr20181014.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.52 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018–1014"},{"id":351045,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1014/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Big Cypress Seminole Indian Reservation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.8333,\n 26.1667\n ],\n [\n -81.0833,\n 26.1667\n ],\n [\n -81.0833,\n 26.4167\n ],\n [\n -80.8333,\n 26.4167\n ],\n [\n -80.8333,\n 26.1667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4446 Pet Lane
Lutz, FL 33559
Major flooding occurred August 24–25, 2016, in the Upper Iowa River Basin and Turkey River Basin in northeastern Iowa following severe thunderstorm activity over the region. About 8 inches of rain were recorded for the 24-hour period ending at 4 p.m., August 24, at Decorah, Iowa, and about 6 inches of rain were recorded for the 24-hour period ending at 7 a.m., August 24, at Cresco, Iowa, about 14 miles northwest of Spillville, Iowa. A maximum peak-of-record discharge of 38,000 cubic feet per second in the Upper Iowa River at streamgage 05388250 Upper Iowa River near Dorchester, Iowa, occurred on August 24, 2016, with an annual exceedance-probability range of 0.2–1 percent. High-water marks were measured at six locations along the Upper Iowa River between State Highway 26 near the mouth at the Mississippi River and State Highway 76 about 3.5 miles south of Dorchester, Iowa, a distance of 15 river miles. Along the profiled reach of the Turkey River, a maximum peak-of-record discharge of 15,300 cubic feet per second at streamgage 05411600 Turkey River at Spillville, Iowa, occurred on August 24, 2016, with an annual exceedance-probability range of 1–2 percent. A maximum peak discharge of 35,700 cubic feet per second occurred on August 25, 2016, along the profiled reach of the Turkey River at streamgage 05411850 Turkey River near Eldorado, Iowa, with an annual exceedance-probability range of 0.2–1 percent. High-water marks were measured at 11 locations along the Turkey River between County Road B64 in Elgin and 220th Street, located about 4.5 miles northwest of Spillville, Iowa, a distance of 58 river miles. The high-water marks were used to develop flood profiles for the Upper Iowa River and Turkey River.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171128","isbn":"978-1-4113-4201-9","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Iowa Department of Transportation and the Iowa Highway Research Board (Project HR–140)","usgsCitation":"Linhart, S.M., and O’Shea, P.S., 2018, Flood of August 24–25, 2016, Upper Iowa River and Turkey River, northeastern Iowa: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017–1128, 20 p., with appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171128.","productDescription":"viii, 19 p.","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-088630","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350963,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1128/of20171128.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.45 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1128"},{"id":350962,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1128/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","otherGeospatial":"Turkey River, Upper Iowa River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.6667,\n 42.60869548716231\n ],\n [\n -91.065673828125,\n 42.60869548716231\n ],\n [\n -91.065673828125,\n 43.574421623084234\n ],\n [\n -92.6667,\n 43.574421623084234\n ],\n [\n -92.6667,\n 42.60869548716231\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
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Iowa City, IA 52240
Understanding the causes of human-induced earthquakes is paramount to reducing societal risk. We investigated five cases of seismicity associated with hydraulic fracturing (HF) in Ohio since 2013 that, because of their isolation from other injection activities, provide an ideal setting for studying the relations between high-pressure injection and earthquakes. Our analysis revealed two distinct groups: (i) deeper earthquakes in the Precambrian basement, with larger magnitudes (M > 2), b-values < 1, and many post–shut-in earthquakes, versus (ii) shallower earthquakes in Paleozoic rocks ∼400 m below HF, with smaller magnitudes (M < 1), b-values > 1.5, and few post–shut-in earthquakes. Based on geologic history, laboratory experiments, and fault modeling, we interpret the deep seismicity as slip on more mature faults in older crystalline rocks and the shallow seismicity as slip on immature faults in younger sedimentary rocks. This suggests that HF inducing deeper seismicity may pose higher seismic hazards. Wells inducing deeper seismicity produced more water than wells with shallow seismicity, indicating more extensive hydrologic connections outside the target formation, consistent with pore pressure diffusion influencing seismicity. However, for both groups, the 2 to 3 h between onset of HF and seismicity is too short for typical fluid pressure diffusion rates across distances of ∼1 km and argues for poroelastic stress transfer also having a primary influence on seismicity.
Understanding the evolution of the Colorado River system has direct implications for (1) the processes and timing of continental-scale river system integration, (2) the formation of iconic landscapes like those in and around Grand Canyon, and (3) the availability of groundwater resources. Spatial patterns in the position and type of Colorado River deposits, only discernible through geologic mapping, can be used to test models related to Colorado River evolution. This is particularly true downstream from Grand Canyon where ancestral Colorado River deposits are well-exposed. We are principally interested in (1) regional patterns in the minimum and maximum elevation of each depositional unit, which are affected by depositional mechanism and postdepositional deformation; and (2) the volume of each unit, which reflects regional changes in erosion, transport efficiency, and accommodation space. The volume of Colorado River deposits below Grand Canyon has implications for groundwater resources, as the primary regional aquifer there is composed of those deposits. To this end, we are presently mapping Colorado River deposits and compiling and updating older mapping. This preliminary data release shows the current status of our mapping and compilation efforts. We plan to update it at regular intervals in conjunction with ongoing mapping.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181005","usgsCitation":"Crow, R.S., Block, D., Felger, T.J., House, P.K., Pearthree, P.A., Gootee, B.F., Youberg, A.M., Howard, K.A., and Beard, L.S., 2018, The Colorado River and its deposits downstream from Grand Canyon in Arizona, California, and Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1005, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181005.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 6 p.; Geodatabase","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-080360","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351008,"rank":3,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1005/ofr20181005_gdb.zip","text":"Geodatabase","size":"4.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"OFR 2018-1005"},{"id":351006,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1005/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":351007,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1005/ofr20181005.pdf","text":"Report","size":"250 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1005"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115,\n 33.00866349457558\n ],\n [\n -114,\n 33.00866349457558\n ],\n [\n -114,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -115,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -115,\n 33.00866349457558\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Cytokines have important roles in the mammalian response to viral and bacterial infections, trauma, and wound healing. Because of early cytokine production after physiologic stresses, the regulation of messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts can be used to assess immunologic responses before changes in protein production. To detect and assess early immune changes in endangered Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris), we developed and validated a panel of quantitative PCR assays to measure mRNA transcription levels for the cytokines interferon (IFN)-γ; interleukin (IL)-2, -6, and -10; tumor necrosis factor-α, and the housekeeping genes glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and β-actin (reference genes). Assays were successfully validated using blood samples from free-ranging, apparently healthy manatees from the east and west coasts of central Florida. No cytokine or housekeeping gene transcription levels were significantly different among age classes or sexes. However, the transcription levels for GAPDH, IL-2, IL-6, and IFN-γ were significantly higher (P<0.05) in manatees from the east coast of Florida than they were from those from the west coast. We found IL-10 and β-actin to be consistent between sites and identified β-actin as a good candidate for use as a reference gene in future studies. Our assays can aid in the investigation of manatee immune response to physical trauma and novel or ongoing environmental stressors.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/2017-06-139","usgsCitation":"Ferrante, J.A., Hunter, M., and Wellehan, J.F., 2018, Development and validation of quantitative PCR assays to measure cytokine transcript levels in the Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris): Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 54, no. 2, p. 283-294, https://doi.org/10.7589/2017-06-139.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"283","endPage":"294","ipdsId":"IP-080601","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438027,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7TB163Q","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Quantitative PCR assays to measure Florida manatee cytokine mRNA and preliminary data from free-ranging manatees, 2013-14"},{"id":351011,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","volume":"54","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a797b91e4b00f54eb1f5e0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ferrante, Jason A. 0000-0003-3453-4636 jferrante@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3453-4636","contributorId":201638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrante","given":"Jason","email":"jferrante@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunter, Margaret 0000-0002-4760-9302 mhunter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-9302","contributorId":140627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"Margaret","email":"mhunter@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wellehan, James F.X.","contributorId":201640,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wellehan","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"F.X.","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70217681,"text":"70217681 - 2018 - Hydrogeophysics at societally relevant scales: Airborne electromagnetic applications and model structural uncertainty quantification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-03T21:11:57.836552","indexId":"70217681","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-02T12:04:45","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Hydrogeophysics at societally relevant scales: Airborne electromagnetic applications and model structural uncertainty quantification","docAbstract":"There is a critical and growing need for information about subsurface geological properties and processes over sufficiently large areas that can inform key scientific and societal studies. Airborne geophysical methods fill a unique role in Earth observation because of their ability to detect deep subsurface properties at regional scales and with high spatial resolution that cannot be achieved with groundbased measurements. Airborne electromagnetics, or AEM, is one technique that is rapidly emerging as a foundational tool for geological mapping, with widespread application to studies of water and mineral resources, geologic hazards, infrastructure, the cryosphere, and the environment. Applications of AEM are growing worldwide, with rapid developments in instrumentation and data analysis software. In this study, we summarize several recent hydrogeophysical applications of AEM, including examples drawn from a recent survey in the Mississippi Alluvial Plain (MAP). In addition, we discuss developments in computational methods for geophysical and geological model structural uncertainty quantification using AEM data, and how these results are used in a sequential hydrogeophysical approach to characterize hydrologic parameters and prediction uncertainty.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"SEG technical program expanded abstracts 2018","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/segam2018-2989187.1","usgsCitation":"Minsley, B.J., Foks, N.L., Kress, W., and Rigby, J., 2018, Hydrogeophysics at societally relevant scales: Airborne electromagnetic applications and model structural uncertainty quantification, in SEG technical program expanded abstracts 2018, p. 4894-4898, https://doi.org/10.1190/segam2018-2989187.1.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"4894","endPage":"4898","ipdsId":"IP-096781","costCenters":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382890,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Minsley, Burke J. 0000-0003-1689-1306 bminsley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1689-1306","contributorId":697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minsley","given":"Burke","email":"bminsley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foks, Nathan Leon 0000-0002-4907-3679","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4907-3679","contributorId":203470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foks","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"Leon","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":208,"text":"Core Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kress, Wade 0000-0002-6833-028X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6833-028X","contributorId":203539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kress","given":"Wade","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rigby, James R. 0000-0002-5611-6307","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5611-6307","contributorId":196374,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rigby","given":"James R.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":809255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70227916,"text":"70227916 - 2018 - Geomorphic identification of physical habitat features in a large, altered river system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-02T16:46:51.256361","indexId":"70227916","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-02T10:09:54","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Geomorphic identification of physical habitat features in a large, altered river system","docAbstract":"Altered flow regimes in streams can significantly affect ecosystems and disturb ecological processes, leading to species loss and extinction. Many river management projects use stream classification and habitat assessment approaches to design practical solutions to reverse or mitigate adverse effects of flow regime alteration on stream systems. The objective of this study was to develop a methodology to provide a primary identification of physical habitats in an 80-km long segment of the Canadian River in central Oklahoma. The methodology relied on basic geomorphic Geomorphic identification of physical habitat features in a large, altered river system erial imagery and Lidar data using Geographic Information Systems. Geostatistical tests were implemented to delineate habitat units. This approach based on high resolution data and did not require in-site inspection provided a relatively refined habitat delineation, consistent with visual observations. Future efforts will focus on validation via field surveys and coupling with hydro-sedimentary modeling to provide a tool for environmental flow decisions.
","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"River flow 2018 - Ninth international conference on fluvial hydraulics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Lyon-Villeurbance, France","doi":"10.1051/e3sconf/20184002031","usgsCitation":"Guertault, L., Fox, G., and Brewer, S.K., 2018, Geomorphic identification of physical habitat features in a large, altered river system, in River flow 2018 - Ninth international conference on fluvial hydraulics, v. 40, 02031,8 p., https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184002031.","productDescription":"02031,8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-094756","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469037,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184002031","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395280,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"Canadian River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.92138671875,\n 34.863397850419524\n ],\n [\n -96.12487792968749,\n 34.863397850419524\n ],\n [\n -96.12487792968749,\n 35.003003395276714\n ],\n [\n -96.92138671875,\n 35.003003395276714\n ],\n [\n -96.92138671875,\n 34.863397850419524\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-09-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guertault, L.","contributorId":273103,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guertault","given":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fox, G.","contributorId":273105,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fox","given":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brewer, Shannon K. 0000-0002-1537-3921 skbrewer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-3921","contributorId":2252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewer","given":"Shannon","email":"skbrewer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":832572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70212316,"text":"70212316 - 2018 - Development of a species status assessment process for decisions under the U.S. Endangered Species Act","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-17T12:36:08.764155","indexId":"70212316","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-02T10:04:43","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of a species status assessment process for decisions under the U.S. Endangered Species Act","docAbstract":"Decisions under the U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA) require scientific input on the risk that the species will become extinct. A series of critiques on the role of science in ESA decisions have called for improved consistency and transparency in species risk assessments and clear distinctions between science input and policy application. To address the critiques and document the emerging practice of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), we outline an assessment process based on principles and practices of risk and decision analyses that results in a scientific report on species status. The species status assessment (SSA) process has three successive stages: 1) document the life history and ecological relationships of the species in question to provide the foundation for the assessment, 2) describe and hypothesize causes for the current condition of the species, and 3) forecast the species' future condition. The future condition refers to the ability of a species to sustain populations in the wild under plausible future scenarios. The scenarios help explore the species' response to future environmental stressors and to assess the potential for conservation to intervene to improve its status. The SSA process incorporates modeling and scenario planning for prediction of extinction risk and applies the conservation biology principles of representation, resiliency, and redundancy to evaluate the current and future condition. The SSA results in a scientific report distinct from policy application, which contributes to streamlined, transparent, and consistent decision-making and allows for greater technical participation by experts outside of the USFWS, for example, by state natural resource agencies. We present two case studies based on assessments of the eastern massasauga rattlesnake Sistrurus catenatus and the Sonoran Desert tortoise Gopherus morafkai to illustrate the process. The SSA builds upon the past threat-focused assessment by including systematic and explicit analyses of a species' future response to stressors and conservation, and as a result, we believe it provides an improved scientific analysis for ESA decisions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service","doi":"10.3996/052017-JFWM-041","usgsCitation":"Smith, D.R., Allan, N.L., McGowan, C.P., Szymankski, J.A., Oetker, S.R., and Bell, H.M., 2018, Development of a species status assessment process for decisions under the U.S. Endangered Species Act: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 9, no. 1, p. 302-320, https://doi.org/10.3996/052017-JFWM-041.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"302","endPage":"320","ipdsId":"IP-079068","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469038,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/052017-jfwm-041","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":377524,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, David R. 0000-0001-6074-9257 drsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":168442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"drsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":796340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allan, Nathan L.","contributorId":193025,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allan","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":796341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGowan, Conor P. 0000-0002-7330-9581 cmcgowan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7330-9581","contributorId":167162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGowan","given":"Conor","email":"cmcgowan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":796342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Szymankski, Jennifer A.","contributorId":238520,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Szymankski","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Oetker, Susan R.","contributorId":238519,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oetker","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bell, Heather M.","contributorId":238521,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bell","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70224306,"text":"70224306 - 2018 - Case study comparing multiple irrigated land datasets in Arizona and Colorado, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-31T15:28:32.190561","indexId":"70224306","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-02T07:50:47","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6465,"text":"Journal of American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Case study comparing multiple irrigated land datasets in Arizona and Colorado, USA","docAbstract":"While there are currently a number of irrigated land datasets available for the western United States (U.S.), there is uncertainty regarding in how they relate to each other. To help understand the characteristics of available irrigated datasets, we compared (1) the Cropland Data Layer (CDL), (2) Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer Irrigated Agriculture Dataset (IAD), (3) Digitized Irrigated Land (DIL), and (4) Consumptive Use for Irrigation (CUI) data in Arizona and Colorado, U.S. These datasets were derived from multiple sources at various spatial resolutions and temporal scales. We found spatial and temporal trends among all of them. The datasets showed decreases in irrigated land area in Arizona during the 2000–2010 time period. The change ranges and ratios were similar in all Arizona datasets. Irrigated land in Colorado decreased in DIL and CUI but increased in IAD and CDL. The agreement within the same type of dataset during different time periods was from 60% to 80% (R2 from 0.35 to 0.72) in Arizona and from 50% to 80% (R2 from 0.23 to 0.68) in Colorado. DIL had the highest agreement (80%) in both states. The agreement among different datasets acquired at approximately the same time frame ranged from 51% to 63% (R2 from 0.14 to 0.31) in Arizona and from 47% to 69% (R2 from 0.32 to 0.40) in Colorado. The results from this study support a greater understanding of the multiresolution and multitemporal nature of these datasets for various applications.
Earthquake magnitude distributions among faults within a fault system are determined from regional seismicity and fault slip rates using binary integer programming. A synthetic earthquake catalog (i.e., list of randomly sampled magnitudes) that spans millennia is first formed, assuming that regional seismicity follows a Gutenberg-Richter relation. Each earthquake in the synthetic catalog can occur on any fault and at any location. The objective is to minimize misfits in the target slip rate for each fault, where slip for each earthquake is scaled from its magnitude. The decision vector consists of binary variables indicating which locations are optimal among all possibilities. Uncertainty estimates in fault slip rates provide explicit upper and lower bounding constraints to the problem. An implicit constraint is that an earthquake can only be located on a fault if it is long enough to contain that earthquake. A general mixed-integer programming solver, consisting of a number of different algorithms, is used to determine the optimal decision vector. A case study is presented for the State of California, where a 4 kyr synthetic earthquake catalog is created and faults with slip ≥3 mm/yr are considered, resulting in >106 variables. The optimal magnitude distributions for each of the faults in the system span a rich diversity of shapes, ranging from characteristic to power-law distributions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.cageo.2017.11.018","usgsCitation":"Geist, E.L., and Parsons, T.E., 2018, Determining on-fault earthquake magnitude distributions from integer programming: Computers & Geosciences, v. 111, p. 244-259, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2017.11.018.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"244","endPage":"259","ipdsId":"IP-087879","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461051,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2017.11.018","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":354247,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"111","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee73fe4b0da30c1bfc1c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geist, Eric L. 0000-0003-0611-1150 egeist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-1150","contributorId":1956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geist","given":"Eric","email":"egeist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parsons, Thomas E. 0000-0002-0582-4338 tparsons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0582-4338","contributorId":2314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"Thomas","email":"tparsons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70196502,"text":"70196502 - 2018 - Unifying concepts linking dissolved organic matter composition to persistence in aquatic ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-12T15:59:24","indexId":"70196502","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Unifying concepts linking dissolved organic matter composition to persistence in aquatic ecosystems","docAbstract":"The link between composition and reactivity of dissolved organic matter (DOM) is central to understanding the role aquatic systems play in the global carbon cycle; yet, unifying concepts driving molecular composition have yet to be established. We characterized 37 DOM isolates from diverse aquatic ecosystems, including their stable and radiocarbon isotopes (δ13C-dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and Δ14C-DOC), optical properties (absorbance and fluorescence), and molecular composition (ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry). Isolates encompassed end-members of allochthonous and autochthonous DOM from sites across the United States, the Pacific Ocean, and Antarctic lakes. Modern Δ14C-DOC and optical properties reflecting increased aromaticity, such as carbon specific UV absorbance at 254 nm (SUVA254), were directly related to polyphenolic and polycyclic aromatic compounds, whereas enriched δ13C-DOC and optical properties reflecting autochthonous end-members were positively correlated to more aliphatic compounds. Furthermore, the two sets of autochthonous end-members (Pacific Ocean and Antarctic lakes) exhibited distinct molecular composition due to differences in extent of degradation. Across all sites and end-members studied, we find a consistent shift in composition with aging, highlighting the persistence of certain biomolecules concurrent with degradation time.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.7b05513","usgsCitation":"Kellerman, A.M., Guillemette, F., Podgorski, D.C., Aiken, G.R., Butler, K.D., and Spencer, R.G., 2018, Unifying concepts linking dissolved organic matter composition to persistence in aquatic ecosystems: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 52, no. 5, p. 2538-2548, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b05513.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2538","endPage":"2548","ipdsId":"IP-090644","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353383,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee73fe4b0da30c1bfc1c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kellerman, Anne M.","contributorId":204172,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kellerman","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7092,"text":"Florida State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guillemette, Francois","contributorId":204173,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guillemette","given":"Francois","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7092,"text":"Florida State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Podgorski, David C.","contributorId":178153,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Podgorski","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Butler, Kenna D. 0000-0001-9604-4603 kebutler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9604-4603","contributorId":178885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"Kenna","email":"kebutler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Spencer, Robert G. M.","contributorId":204174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spencer","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G. M.","affiliations":[{"id":7092,"text":"Florida State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70269688,"text":"70269688 - 2018 - Satellite psychrometric formulation of the operational simplified surface energy balance (SSEBop) model for quantifying and mapping evapotranspiration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-30T14:57:03.354604","indexId":"70269688","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":833,"text":"Applied Engineering in Agriculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Satellite psychrometric formulation of the operational simplified surface energy balance (SSEBop) model for quantifying and mapping evapotranspiration","docAbstract":"Remote sensing-based evapotranspiration (ET) can be derived using various methods, from soil moisture accounting to vegetation-index based approaches to simple and complex surface energy balance techniques. Due to the complexity of fully representing and parameterizing ET sub-processes, different models tend to diverge in their estimations. However, most models appear to provide reasonable estimations that can meet user requirements for seasonal water use estimation and drought monitoring. One such model is the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop). This study presents a formulation of the SSEBop model using the psychrometric principle for vapor pressure/relative humidity measurements where the “dry-bulb” and “wet-bulb” equivalent readings can be obtained from satellite-based land surface temperature estimates. The difference in temperature between the dry (desired location) and wet limit (reference value) is directly correlated to the soil-vegetation composite moisture status (surface humidity) and thus producing a fractional value (0-1) to scale the reference ET. The reference ET is independently calculated using available weather data through the standardized Penman-Monteith equation. Satellite Psychrometric Approach (SPA) explains the SSEBop model more effectively than the energy balance principle because SSEBop does not solve all terms of the surface energy balance such as sensible and ground-heat fluxes. The SPA explanation demonstrates the psychrometric constant for the air can be readily adapted to a comparable constant for the surface, thus allowing the creation of a “surface” psychrometric constant that is unique to a location and day-of-year. This new surface psychrometric constant simplifies the calculation and explanation of satellite-based ET for several applications in agriculture and hydrology. The SPA formulation of SSEBop was found to be an enhancement of the ET equation formulated in 1977 by pioneering researchers. With only two key parameters, improved model results can be obtained using a one-time calibration for any bias correction. The model can be set up quickly for routine monitoring and assessment of ET at landscape scales and beyond.","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers","doi":"10.13031/aea.12614","usgsCitation":"Senay, G.B., 2018, Satellite psychrometric formulation of the operational simplified surface energy balance (SSEBop) model for quantifying and mapping evapotranspiration: Applied Engineering in Agriculture, v. 34, no. 3, p. 555-566, https://doi.org/10.13031/aea.12614.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"555","endPage":"566","ipdsId":"IP-094223","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":493303,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.13031/aea.12614","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":493186,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.97952160594414,\n 32.43068897810058\n ],\n [\n -109.97952160594414,\n 32.11045287871744\n ],\n [\n -109.67205252300127,\n 32.11045287871744\n ],\n [\n -109.67205252300127,\n 32.43068897810058\n ],\n [\n -109.97952160594414,\n 32.43068897810058\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539 senay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":3114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","email":"senay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":944449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70194993,"text":"70194993 - 2018 - Patterns of circulating corticosterone in a population of rattlesnakes afflicted with snake fungal disease: Stress hormones as a potential mediator of seasonal cycles in disease severity and outcomes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-02T13:44:57","indexId":"70194993","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3075,"text":"Physiological and Biochemical Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Patterns of circulating corticosterone in a population of rattlesnakes afflicted with snake fungal disease: Stress hormones as a potential mediator of seasonal cycles in disease severity and outcomes","docAbstract":"Snake fungal disease (SFD) is an emerging threat to snake populations in the United States. Fungal pathogens are often associated with a physiological stress response mediated by the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA), and afflicted individuals may incur steep coping costs. The severity of SFD can vary seasonally; however, little is known regarding (1) how SFD infection relates to HPA activity and (2) how seasonal shifts in environment, life history, or HPA activity may interact to drive seasonal patterns of infection severity and outcomes. To test the hypothesis that SFD is associated with increased HPA activity and to identify potential environmental or physiological drivers of seasonal infection, we monitored baseline corticosterone, SFD infection severity, foraging success, body condition, and reproductive status in a field-active population of pigmy rattlesnakes. Both plasma corticosterone and the severity of clinical signs of SFD peaked in the winter. Corticosterone levels were also elevated in the fall before the seasonal rise in SFD severity. Severely symptomatic snakes were in low body condition and had elevated corticosterone levels compared to moderately infected and uninfected snakes. The monthly mean severity of SFD in the population was negatively related to population-wide estimates of body condition and temperature measured in the precedent month and positively correlated with corticosterone levels measured in the precedent month. Symptomatic females were less likely to enter reproductive bouts compared to asymptomatic females. We propose the hypothesis that the seasonal interplay among environment, host energetics, and HPA activity initiates trade-offs in the fall that drive the increase in SFD prevalence, symptom severity, and decline in condition observed in the population through winter.","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/695747","usgsCitation":"Lind, C.M., Moore, I.T., Akcay, C., Vernasco, B.J., Lorch, J.M., and Farrell, T.M., 2018, Patterns of circulating corticosterone in a population of rattlesnakes afflicted with snake fungal disease: Stress hormones as a potential mediator of seasonal cycles in disease severity and outcomes: Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, v. 91, no. 2, p. 765-775, https://doi.org/10.1086/695747.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"765","endPage":"775","ipdsId":"IP-091446","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469041,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99353","text":"External Repository"},{"id":350950,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7586d4e4b00f54eb1d81ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lind, Craig M.","contributorId":201569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lind","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":27623,"text":"Stetson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, Ignacio T.","contributorId":201570,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"Ignacio","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Akcay, Caglar","contributorId":201571,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Akcay","given":"Caglar","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vernasco, Ben J.","contributorId":166945,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vernasco","given":"Ben","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":24577,"text":"University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lorch, Jeffrey M. 0000-0003-2239-1252 jlorch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2239-1252","contributorId":5565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorch","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jlorch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Farrell, Terence M.","contributorId":176253,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farrell","given":"Terence","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70263665,"text":"70263665 - 2018 - Euler-vector clustering of GPS velocities defines microplate geometry in southwest Japan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-19T15:45:33.491099","indexId":"70263665","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7501,"text":"JGR Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Euler-vector clustering of GPS velocities defines microplate geometry in southwest Japan","docAbstract":"I have used Euler-vector clustering to assign 469 GEONET stations in southwest Japan to k clusters (k = 2, 3,..., 9) so that, for any k, the velocities of stations within each cluster are most consistent with rigid-block motion on a sphere. That is, I attempt to explain the raw (i.e., uncorrected for strain accumulation), 1996–2006 velocities of those 469 Global Positioning System stations by rigid motion of k clusters on the surface of a spherical Earth. Because block geometry is maintained as strain accumulates, Euler-vector clustering may better approximate the block geometry than the values of the associated Euler vectors. The microplate solution for each k is constructed by merging contiguous clusters that have closely similar Euler vectors. The best solution consists of three microplates arranged along the Nankaido Trough-Ryukyu Trench between the Amurian and Philippine Sea Plates. One of these microplates, the South Kyushu Microplate (an extension of the Ryukyu forearc into the southeast corner of Kyushu), had previously been identified from paleomagnetic rotations. Relative to ITRF2000 the three microplates rotate at different rates about neighboring poles located close to the northwest corner of Shikoku. The microplate model is identical to that proposed in the block model of Wallace et al. (2009, https://doi.org/10.1130/G2522A.1) except in southernmost Kyushu. On Shikoku and Honshu, but not Kyushu, the microplate model is consistent with that proposed in the block models of Nishimura and Hashimoto (2006, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2006.04.017) and Loveless and Meade (2010, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB006248) without the low-slip-rate boundaries proposed in the latter.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2017JB014874","usgsCitation":"Savage, J.C., 2018, Euler-vector clustering of GPS velocities defines microplate geometry in southwest Japan: JGR Solid Earth, v. 123, no. 2, p. 1954-1968, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JB014874.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1954","endPage":"1968","ipdsId":"IP-088924","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482214,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Japan","otherGeospatial":"southwest Japan","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[134.63843,34.14923],[134.76638,33.80633],[134.20342,33.20118],[133.79295,33.52199],[133.28027,33.28957],[133.01486,32.70457],[132.36311,32.98938],[132.37118,33.46364],[132.92437,34.0603],[133.49297,33.94462],[133.90411,34.36493],[134.63843,34.14923]]],[[[140.97639,37.14207],[140.59977,36.34398],[140.77407,35.84288],[140.25328,35.13811],[138.97553,34.6676],[137.2176,34.60629],[135.79298,33.46481],[135.12098,33.84907],[135.07943,34.59654],[133.34032,34.37594],[132.15677,33.90493],[130.98614,33.88576],[132.00004,33.14999],[131.33279,31.45035],[130.68632,31.02958],[130.20242,31.41824],[130.44768,32.31947],[129.81469,32.61031],[129.40846,33.29606],[130.35394,33.60415],[130.87845,34.23274],[131.88423,34.74971],[132.61767,35.43339],[134.6083,35.73162],[135.67754,35.52713],[136.72383,37.30498],[137.39061,36.82739],[138.8576,37.82748],[139.4264,38.21596],[140.05479,39.43881],[139.88338,40.56331],[140.30578,41.19501],[141.36897,41.37856],[141.91426,39.99162],[141.8846,39.18086],[140.95949,38.174],[140.97639,37.14207]]],[[[143.91016,44.1741],[144.61343,43.96088],[145.32083,44.38473],[145.54314,43.26209],[144.05966,42.98836],[143.18385,41.99521],[141.61149,42.67879],[141.06729,41.58459],[139.95511,41.56956],[139.81754,42.56376],[140.31209,43.33327],[141.38055,43.38882],[141.67195,44.77213],[141.96764,45.55148],[143.14287,44.51036],[143.91016,44.1741]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Japan\"}}]}","volume":"123","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, James C. 0000-0002-5114-7673 jasavage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-7673","contributorId":2412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"James","email":"jasavage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70199153,"text":"70199153 - 2018 - High-energy, high-fat lifestyle challenges an Arctic apex predator, the polar bear","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-07T15:58:27","indexId":"70199153","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-01T15:58:19","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High-energy, high-fat lifestyle challenges an Arctic apex predator, the polar bear","docAbstract":"Regional declines in polar bear (Ursus maritimus) populations have been attributed to changing sea ice conditions, but with limited information on the causative mechanisms. By simultaneously measuring field metabolic rates, daily activity patterns, body condition, and foraging success of polar bears moving on the spring sea ice, we found that high metabolic rates (1.6 times greater than previously assumed) coupled with low intake of fat-rich marine mammal prey resulted in an energy deficit for more than half of the bears examined. Activity and movement on the sea ice strongly influenced metabolic demands. Consequently, increases in mobility resulting from ongoing and forecasted declines in and fragmentation of sea ice are likely to increase energy demands and may be an important factor explaining observed declines in body condition and survival.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.aan8677","usgsCitation":"Pagano, A.M., Durner, G.M., Rode, K.D., Atwood, T.C., Atkinson, S.N., Peacock, E., Costa, D.P., Owen, M.A., and Williams, T.M., 2018, High-energy, high-fat lifestyle challenges an Arctic apex predator, the polar bear: Science, v. 359, no. 6375, p. 568-572, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aan8677.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"568","endPage":"572","ipdsId":"IP-086305","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469042,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/60050","text":"External Repository"},{"id":438028,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7XW4H0P","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Metabolic Rate, Body Composition, Foraging Success, Behavior, and GPS Locations of Female Polar Bears 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