The Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, the landward reach of the San Francisco Estuary, provides habitat for threatened delta smelt, endangered winter-run Chinook salmon, and other species of concern. It is also the location of huge freshwater diversion facilities that entrain large numbers of fish. Reducing the entrainment of listed fishes into these facilities has required curtailment of pumping, reducing the reliability of water deliveries. We reviewed the first 5 years (2001–2005) of the Environmental Water Account (EWA), a program instituted to resolve conflicts between protecting listed fishes and providing a reliable water supply. The EWA provided fishery agencies with control over 0.2–0.4 km3 of water to be used for fish protection at no cost to users of exported water, and fish agencies guaranteed no disruption of water supply for fish protection. The EWA was successful in reducing uncertainty in water supply; however, its contribution to the recovery of listed fishes was unclear. We estimated the effectiveness of the EWA to be modest, increasing the survival of winter-run Chinook salmon by 0–6% (dependent on prescreen mortality), adult delta smelt by 0–1%, and juvenile delta smelt by 2–4%. Allocating EWA water for a single life stage of one species could provide larger gains in survival. An optimally allocated EWA of equal size to the median of the first 5 years could increase abundance of juvenile delta smelt up to 7% in the springs of dry years. If the EWA is to become a long-term program, estimates of efficacy should be refined. If the program is to be held accountable for quantitative increases in fish populations, it will be necessary to integrate scientific, possibly experimental, approaches.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00267-008-9213-4","usgsCitation":"Brown, L., Kimmerer, W., and Brown, R., 2009, Managing water to protect fish: A review of California's environmental water account, 2001-2005: Environmental Management, v. 43, no. 2, p. 357-368, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-008-9213-4.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"357","endPage":"368","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241220,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.25036621093749,\n 37.461778479617465\n ],\n [\n -120.90728759765625,\n 37.461778479617465\n ],\n [\n -120.90728759765625,\n 38.66835610151506\n ],\n [\n -122.25036621093749,\n 38.66835610151506\n ],\n [\n -122.25036621093749,\n 37.461778479617465\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-10-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4c9ce4b0c8380cd69d8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, L. R. 0000-0001-6702-4531","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":66391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"L. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kimmerer, W.","contributorId":38325,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kimmerer","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, R.","contributorId":101419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70032973,"text":"70032973 - 2009 - Saturn's Titan: Surface change, ammonia, and implications for atmospheric and tectonic activity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-06T14:52:18","indexId":"70032973","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Saturn's Titan: Surface change, ammonia, and implications for atmospheric and tectonic activity","docAbstract":"Titan is known to have a young surface. Here we present evidence from the Cassini Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer that it is currently geologically active. We report that changes in the near-infrared reflectance of a 73,000 km2 area on Titan (latitude 26° S, longitude 78° W) occurred between July 2004 and March of 2006. The reflectance of the area increased by a factor of two between July 2004 and March–April 2005; it then returned to the July 2004 level by November 2005. By late December 2005 the reflectance had surged upward again, establishing a new maximum. Thereafter, it trended downward for the next three months. Detailed spectrophotometric analyses suggest these changes happen at or very near the surface. The spectral differences between the region and its surroundings rule out changes in the distribution of the ices of reasonably expected materials such as H2O, CO2, and CH4 as possible causes. Remarkably, the change is spectrally consistent with the deposition and removal of NH3 frost over a water ice substrate. NH3 has been proposed as a constituent of Titan's interior and has never been reported on the surface. The detection of NH3 frost on the surface might possibly be explained by episodic effusive events occur which bring juvenile ammonia from the interior to the surface. If so, its decomposition would feed nitrogen to the atmosphere now and in the future. The lateral extent of the region exceeds that of active areas on the Earth (Hawaii) or Io (Loki).
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science B.V.","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2008.08.013","issn":"00191","usgsCitation":"Nelson, R., Kamp, L., Matson, D.L., Irwin, P., Baines, K.H., Boryta, M., Leader, F., Jaumann, R., Smythe, W.D., Sotin, C., Clark, R.N., Cruikshank, D.P., Drossart, P., Pearl, J., Hapke, B., Lunine, J., Combes, M., Bellucci, G., Bibring, J., Capaccioni, F., Cerroni, P., Coradini, A., Formisano, V., Filacchione, G., Langevin, R., McCord, T.B., Mennella, V., Nicholson, P.D., and Sicardy, B., 2009, Saturn's Titan: Surface change, ammonia, and implications for atmospheric and tectonic activity: Icarus, v. 199, no. 2, p. 429-441, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2008.08.013.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"429","endPage":"441","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241147,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Titan","volume":"199","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b86f6e4b08c986b316219","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, R.M.","contributorId":38316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kamp, L.W.","contributorId":16581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kamp","given":"L.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Matson, D. L.","contributorId":59940,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Irwin, P.G.J.","contributorId":100616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irwin","given":"P.G.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baines, K. H.","contributorId":37868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baines","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Boryta, M.D.","contributorId":21337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boryta","given":"M.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Leader, F.E.","contributorId":94048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leader","given":"F.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jaumann, R.","contributorId":81232,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jaumann","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Smythe, W. D.","contributorId":90878,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smythe","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sotin, Christophe","contributorId":53924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sotin","given":"Christophe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Clark, R. N.","contributorId":6568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Cruikshank, D. 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B.","contributorId":69695,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCord","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Mennella, V.","contributorId":88522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mennella","given":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Nicholson, P. D.","contributorId":54330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicholson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"Sicardy, B.","contributorId":57622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sicardy","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29}]}} ,{"id":70034091,"text":"70034091 - 2009 - Dispersal of river sediment in the Southern California Bight","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:45","indexId":"70034091","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dispersal of river sediment in the Southern California Bight","docAbstract":"The rivers of Southern California deliver episodic pulses of water, sediment, nutrients, and pollutants to the region's coastal waters. Although river-sediment dispersal is observed in positively buoyant (hypopycnal) turbid plumes extending tens of kilometers from river mouths, very little of the river sediment is found in these plumes. Rather, river sediment settles quickly from hypopycnal plumes to the seabed, where transport is controlled by bottom-boundary layer processes, presumably including fluid-mud (hyperpycnal) gravity currents. Here we investigate the geographical patterns of river-sediment dispersal processes by examining suspended-sediment concentrations and loads and the continental shelf morphology offshore river mouths. Throughout Southern California, river sediment is discharged at concentrations adequately high to induce enhanced sediment settling, including negative buoyancy. The rivers draining the Western Transverse Range produce suspended-sediment concentrations that are orders of magnitude greater than those in the urbanized region and Peninsular Range to the south, largely due to differences in sediment yield. The majority of sediment discharge from the Santa Clara River and Calleguas Creek occurs above the theoretical negative buoyancy concentration (>40 g/l). These rivers also produce event sediment loading as great as the Eel River, where fluid-mud gravity currents are observed. The continental shelf of Southern California has variable morphology, which influences the ability to transport via gravity currents. Over half of the rivers examined are adjacent to shelf slopes greater than 0.01, which are adequately steep to sustain auto-suspending gravity currents across the shelf, and have little (<10 m) Holocene sediment accumulation. Shelf settings of the Ventura, Santa Clara, and Tijuana Rivers are very broad and low sloped (less than 0.004), which suggests that fluid-mud gravity currents could transport across these shelves, albeit slowly (??10 cm/s) and only with adequate wave-generated shear stress and sediment loading. Calleguas Creek is unique in that it discharges directly into a steepsloped canyon (greater than 0.1) that should allow for violent auto-suspending gravity currents. In light of this, only one shelf setting-the Santa Clara and Ventura-has considerable Holocene sediment accumulation (exceeding 60 m), and here we show that the morphology of this shelf is very similar to an equilibrium shape predicted by gravity-current sediment transport. Thus, we conclude that a wide distribution of river-shelf settings occur in the Southern California Bight, which will directly influence sediment dispersal processes-both dilute suspended and gravity-current transport-and sediment-accumulation patterns. ?? 2009 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2009.2454(2.3)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Warrick, J., and Farnsworth, K., 2009, Dispersal of river sediment in the Southern California Bight: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 454, p. 53-67, https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.2454(2.3).","startPage":"53","endPage":"67","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244606,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216720,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2009.2454(2.3)"}],"issue":"454","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a021be4b0c8380cd4feb5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warrick, J.A.","contributorId":53503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farnsworth, K.L.","contributorId":36746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farnsworth","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70034266,"text":"70034266 - 2009 - Assigning land use to supply wells for the statistical characterization of regional groundwater quality: Correlating urban land use and VOC occurrence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-19T08:47:04","indexId":"70034266","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assigning land use to supply wells for the statistical characterization of regional groundwater quality: Correlating urban land use and VOC occurrence","docAbstract":"Many national and regional groundwater studies have correlated land use \"near\" a well, often using a 500 m radius circle, with water quality. However, the use of a 500 m circle may seem counterintuitive given that contributing areas are expected to extend up-gradient from wells, and not be circular in shape. The objective of this study was to evaluate if a 500 m circle is adequate for assigning land use to a well for the statistical correlation between urban land use and the occurrence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Land use and VOC data came from 277 supply wells in four study areas in California. Land use was computed using ten different-sized circles and wedges (250 m to 10 km in radius), and three different-sized \"searchlights\" (1-2 km in length). We define these shapes as contributing area surrogates (CASs), recognizing that a simple shape is at best a surrogate for the actual contributing area. The presence or absence of correlation between land use and the occurrence of VOCs was evaluated using Kendall's tau (??). Values of ?? were within 10% of one another for wedges and circles ranging in size from 500 m to 2 km, with correlations remaining statistically significant (p < 0.05) for all CAS sizes and shapes, suggesting that a 500 m circular CAS is adequate for assigning land use to a well. Additional evaluation indicated that urban land use is autocorrelated at distances ranging from 8 to 36 km. Thus, urban land use in a 500 m CAS is likely to be predictive of urban land use in the actual contributing area.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.02.056","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Johnson, T., and Belitz, K., 2009, Assigning land use to supply wells for the statistical characterization of regional groundwater quality: Correlating urban land use and VOC occurrence: Journal of Hydrology, v. 370, no. 1-4, p. 100-108, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.02.056.","startPage":"100","endPage":"108","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244780,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216882,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.02.056"}],"volume":"370","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee8be4b0c8380cd49dea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, T.D.","contributorId":32744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belitz, K. 0000-0003-4481-2345","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":10164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70034832,"text":"70034832 - 2009 - Research in thermal biology: Burning questions for coldwater stream fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:42","indexId":"70034832","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3279,"text":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Research in thermal biology: Burning questions for coldwater stream fishes","docAbstract":"With the increasing appreciation of global warming impacts on ecological systems, in addition to the myriad of land management effects on water quality, the number of literature citations dealing with the effects of water temperature on freshwater fish has escalated in the past decade. Given the many biological scales at which water temperature effects have been studied, and the growing need to integrate knowledge from multiple disciplines of thermal biology to fully protect beneficial uses, we held that a survey of the most promising recent developments and an expression of some of the remaining unanswered questions with significant management implications would best be approached collectively by a diverse research community. We have identified five specific topic areas of renewed research where new techniques and critical thought could benefit coldwater stream fishes (particularly salmonids): molecular, organism, population/species, community and ecosystem, and policy issues in water quality. Our hope is that information gained through examination of recent research fronts linking knowledge at various scales will prove useful in managing water quality at a basin level to protect fish populations and whole ecosystems. Standards of the past were based largely on incipient lethal and optimum growth rate temperatures for fish species, while future standards should consider all integrated thermal impacts to the organism and ecosystem. ?? Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/10641260802590152","issn":"10641262","usgsCitation":"McCullough, D., Bartholow, J., Jager, H., Beschta, R.L., Cheslak, E., Deas, M., Ebersole, J.L., Foott, J., Johnson, S.L., Marine, K., Mesa, M., Petersen, J., Souchon, Y., Tiffan, K., and Wurtsbaugh, W., 2009, Research in thermal biology: Burning questions for coldwater stream fishes: Reviews in Fisheries Science, v. 17, no. 1, p. 90-115, https://doi.org/10.1080/10641260802590152.","startPage":"90","endPage":"115","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215817,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10641260802590152"},{"id":243643,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa926e4b0c8380cd85c4b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCullough, D.A.","contributorId":16391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCullough","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bartholow, J.M.","contributorId":54530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholow","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jager, H.I.","contributorId":99734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jager","given":"H.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beschta, R. L.","contributorId":67472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beschta","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cheslak, E.F.","contributorId":87777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheslak","given":"E.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Deas, M.L.","contributorId":41239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deas","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ebersole, J. L.","contributorId":74221,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ebersole","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13529,"text":"US Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":447855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Foott, J.S.","contributorId":89485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foott","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Johnson, S. L.","contributorId":53826,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Marine, K.R.","contributorId":15429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marine","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Mesa, M.G.","contributorId":17386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mesa","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Petersen, J.H.","contributorId":72154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Souchon, Y.","contributorId":102437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Souchon","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Tiffan, K.F.","contributorId":19327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiffan","given":"K.F.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":447848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Wurtsbaugh, W.A.","contributorId":36751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wurtsbaugh","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70036067,"text":"70036067 - 2009 - William \"Bill\" Back: an incisive geochemist and a great mentor.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:05","indexId":"70036067","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"William \"Bill\" Back: an incisive geochemist and a great mentor.","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2008.00534.x","issn":"17456584","usgsCitation":"Baedecker, M., and Wood, W., 2009, William \"Bill\" Back: an incisive geochemist and a great mentor.: Ground Water, v. 47, no. 2, p. 314-318, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2008.00534.x.","startPage":"314","endPage":"318","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218242,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2008.00534.x"},{"id":246234,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd10de4b08c986b32f1dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baedecker, M.J.","contributorId":42702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baedecker","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, W.W.","contributorId":21974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70034194,"text":"70034194 - 2009 - Sources of sediment to the coastal waters of the Southern California Bight","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:45","indexId":"70034194","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sources of sediment to the coastal waters of the Southern California Bight","docAbstract":"The sources of sediment to the Southern California Bight were investigated with new calculations and published records of sediment fluxes, both natural and anthropogenic. We find that rivers are by far the largest source of sediment, producing over 10 ?? 106 t/yr on average, or over 80% of the sediment input to the Bight. This river flux is variable, however, over both space and time. The rivers draining the Transverse Ranges produce sediment at rates approximately an order of magnitude greater than the Peninsular Ranges (600-1500 t/km2/yr versus <90 t/km2/yr, respectively). Although the Transverse Range rivers represent only 23% of the total Southern California watershed drainage area, they are responsible for over 75% of the total sediment flux. River sediment flux is ephemeral and highly pulsed due to the semiarid climate and the influence of infrequent large storms. For more than 90% of the time, negligible amounts of sediment are discharged from the region's rivers, and over half of the post-1900 sediment load has been discharged during events with recurrence intervals greater than 10 yr. These rare, yet important, events are related to the El Ni??o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and the majority of sediment flux occurs during ENSO periods. Temporal trends in sediment discharge due to land-use changes and river damming are also observed. We estimate that there has been a 45% reduction in suspended-sediment flux due to the construction of dams. However, pre-dam sediment loads were likely artificially high due to the massive land-use changes of coastal California to rangeland during the nineteenth century. This increase in sediment production is observed in estuarine deposits throughout coastal California, which reveal that sedimentation rates were two to ten times higher during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries than during pre-European colonization. ?? 2009 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2009.2454(2.2)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Warrick, J., and Farnsworth, K., 2009, Sources of sediment to the coastal waters of the Southern California Bight: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 454, p. 39-52, https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.2454(2.2).","startPage":"39","endPage":"52","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216818,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2009.2454(2.2)"},{"id":244712,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"454","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b938fe4b08c986b31a56c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warrick, J.A.","contributorId":53503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farnsworth, K.L.","contributorId":36746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farnsworth","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70035913,"text":"70035913 - 2009 - Behavioral response and kinetics of terrestrial atrazine exposure in American toads (bufo americanus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-15T11:23:08","indexId":"70035913","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Behavioral response and kinetics of terrestrial atrazine exposure in American toads (bufo americanus)","docAbstract":"Amphibians in terrestrial environments obtain water through a highly vascularized pelvic patch of skin. Chemicals can also be exchanged across this patch. Atrazine (ATZ), a widespread herbicide, continues to be a concern among amphibian ecologists based on potential exposure and toxicity. Few studies have examined its impact on the terrestrial juvenile or adult stages of toads. In the current study, we asked the following questions: (1) Will juvenile American toads (Bufo americanus) avoid soils contaminated with ATZ? (2) Can they absorb ATZ across the pelvic patch? (3) If so, how is it distributed among the organs and eventually eliminated? We conducted a behavioral choice test between control soil and soil dosed with ecologically relevant concentrations of ATZ. In addition, we examined the uptake, distribution, and elimination of water dosed with 14C-labeled ATZ. Our data demonstrate that toads do not avoid ATZ-laden soils. ATZ crossed the pelvic patch rapidly and reached an apparent equilibrium within 5 h. The majority of the radiolabeled ATZ ended up in the intestines, whereas the greatest concentrations were observed in the gall bladder. Thus, exposure of adult life stages of amphibians through direct uptake of ATZ from soils and runoff water should be considered in risk evaluations.
","language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00244-009-9292-0","issn":"00904341","usgsCitation":"Storrs, M., Tillitt, D.E., Rittenhouse, T., and Semlitsch, R.D., 2009, Behavioral response and kinetics of terrestrial atrazine exposure in American toads (bufo americanus): Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 57, no. 3, p. 590-597, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-009-9292-0.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"590","endPage":"597","costCenters":[{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243962,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216116,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-009-9292-0"}],"volume":"57","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f0a9e4b0c8380cd4a835","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Storrs, Mendez","contributorId":17846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storrs","given":"Mendez","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tillitt, D. E.","contributorId":83462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rittenhouse, T.A.G.","contributorId":10247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rittenhouse","given":"T.A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Semlitsch, R. D.","contributorId":22522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Semlitsch","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036781,"text":"70036781 - 2009 - Impacts of stormwater runoff in the Southern California Bight: Relationships among plume constituents","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:58","indexId":"70036781","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1333,"text":"Continental Shelf Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of stormwater runoff in the Southern California Bight: Relationships among plume constituents","docAbstract":"The effects from two winter rain storms on the coastal ocean of the Southern California Bight were examined as part of the Bight '03 program during February 2004 and February-March 2005. The impacts of stormwater from fecal indicator bacteria, water column toxicity, and nutrients were evaluated for five major river discharges: the Santa Clara River, Ballona Creek, the San Pedro Shelf (including the Los Angeles, San Gabriel, and Santa Ana Rivers), the San Diego River, and the Tijuana River. Exceedances of bacterial standards were observed in most of the systems. However, the areas of impact were generally spatially limited, and contaminant concentrations decreased below California Ocean Plan standards typically within 2-3 days. The largest bacterial concentrations occurred in the Tijuana River system where exceedances of fecal indicator bacteria were noted well away from the river mouth. Maximum nitrate concentrations (~40 ??M) occurred in the San Pedro Shelf region near the mouth of the Los Angeles River. Based on the results of general linear models, individual sources of stormwater differ in both nutrient concentrations and the concentration and composition of fecal indicator bacteria. While nutrients appeared to decrease in plume waters due to simple mixing and dilution, the concentration of fecal indicator bacteria in plumes depends on more than loading and dilution rates. The relationships between contaminants (nutrients and fecal indicator bacteria) and plume indicators (salinity and total suspended solids) were not strong indicating the presence of other potentially important sources and/or sinks of both nutrients and fecal indicator bacteria. California Ocean Plan standards were often exceeded in waters containing greater than 10% stormwater (<28-30 salinity range). The median concentration dropped below the standard in the 32-33 salinity range (1-4% stormwater) for total coliforms and Enterococcus spp. and in the 28-30 salinity range (10-16% stormwater) for fecal coliforms. Nutrients showed a similar pattern with the highest median concentrations in water with greater than 10% stormwater. Relationships between colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and salinity and between total suspended solids and beam attenuation indicate that readily measurable, optically active variables can be used as proxies to provide at least a qualitative, if not quantitative, evaluation of the distribution of the dissolved, as well as the particulate, components of stormwater plumes. In this context, both CDOM absorption and the beam attenuation coefficient can be derived from satellite ocean color measurements of inherent optical properties suggesting that remote sensing of ocean color should be useful in mapping the spatial areas and durations of impacts from these contaminants. ?? 2009 Elsevier Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Continental Shelf Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.csr.2009.06.011","issn":"02784343","usgsCitation":"Reifel, K., Johnson, S., DiGiacomo, P., Mengel, M., Nezlin, N., Warrick, J., and Jones, B., 2009, Impacts of stormwater runoff in the Southern California Bight: Relationships among plume constituents: Continental Shelf Research, v. 29, no. 15, p. 1821-1835, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2009.06.011.","startPage":"1821","endPage":"1835","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245795,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217823,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2009.06.011"}],"volume":"29","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a38f6e4b0c8380cd6175f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reifel, K.M.","contributorId":49327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reifel","given":"K.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, S.C.","contributorId":93008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DiGiacomo, P.M.","contributorId":39501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DiGiacomo","given":"P.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mengel, M.J.","contributorId":21267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mengel","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nezlin, N.P.","contributorId":77644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nezlin","given":"N.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Warrick, J.A.","contributorId":53503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jones, B.H.","contributorId":96810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"B.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70034642,"text":"70034642 - 2009 - Modeling aluminum-silicon chemistries and application to Australian acidic playa lakes as analogues for Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:40","indexId":"70034642","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling aluminum-silicon chemistries and application to Australian acidic playa lakes as analogues for Mars","docAbstract":"Recent Mars missions have stimulated considerable thinking about the surficial geochemical evolution of Mars. Among the major relevant findings are the presence in Meridiani Planum sediments of the mineral jarosite (a ferric sulfate salt) and related minerals that require formation from an acid-salt brine and oxidizing environment. Similar mineralogies have been observed in acidic saline lake sediments in Western Australia (WA), and these lakes have been proposed as analogues for acidic sedimentary environments on Mars. The prior version of the equilibrium chemical thermodynamic FREZCHEM model lacked Al and Si chemistries that are needed to appropriately model acidic aqueous geochemistries on Earth and Mars. The objectives of this work were to (1) add Al and Si chemistries to the FREZCHEM model, (2) extend these chemistries to low temperatures (<0 ??C), if possible, and (3) use the reformulated model to investigate parallels in the mineral precipitation behavior of acidic Australian lakes and hypothetical Martian brines. FREZCHEM is an equilibrium chemical thermodynamic model parameterized for concentrated electrolyte solutions using the Pitzer approach for the temperature range from <-70 to 25 ??C and the pressure range from 1 to 1000 bars. Aluminum chloride and sulfate mineral parameterizations were based on experimental data. Aluminum hydroxide and silicon mineral parameterizations were based on Gibbs free energy and enthalpy data. New aluminum and silicon parameterizations added 12 new aluminum/silicon minerals to this Na-K-Mg-Ca-Fe(II)-Fe(III)-Al-H-Cl-Br-SO4-NO3-OH-HCO3-CO3-CO2-O2-CH4-Si-H2O system that now contain 95 solid phases. There were similarities, differences, and uncertainties between Australian acidic, saline playa lakes and waters that likely led to the Burns formation salt accumulations on Mars. Both systems are similar in that they are dominated by (1) acidic, saline ground waters and sediments, (2) Ca and/or Mg sulfates, and (3) iron precipitates such as jarosite and hematite. Differences include: (1) the dominance of NaCl in many WA lakes, versus the dominance of Fe-Mg-Ca-SO4 in Meridiani Planum, (2) excessively low K+ concentrations in Meridiani Planum due to jarosite precipitation, (3) higher acid production in the presence of high iron concentrations in Meridiani Planum, and probably lower rates of acid neutralization and hence, higher acidities on Mars owing to colder temperatures, and (4) lateral salt patterns in WA lakes. The WA playa lakes display significant lateral variations in mineralogy and water chemistry over short distances, reflecting the interaction of acid ground waters with neutral to alkaline lake waters derived from ponded surface runoff. Meridiani Planum observations indicate that such lateral variations are much less pronounced, pointing to the dominant influence of ground water chemistry, vertical ground water movements, and aeolian processes on the Martian surface mineralogy. ?? 2009 Elsevier Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2009.03.013","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Marion, G., Crowley, J., Thomson, B., Kargel, J., Bridges, N., Hook, S., Baldridge, A., Brown, A., Ribeiro da Luz, B., and de Souza, F.C., 2009, Modeling aluminum-silicon chemistries and application to Australian acidic playa lakes as analogues for Mars: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 73, no. 11, p. 3493-3511, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.03.013.","startPage":"3493","endPage":"3511","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215864,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.03.013"},{"id":243696,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5bd1e4b0c8380cd6f812","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marion, G.M.","contributorId":44691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marion","given":"G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crowley, J.K.","contributorId":103690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crowley","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomson, B.J.","contributorId":90936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomson","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kargel, J.S.","contributorId":88096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kargel","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bridges, N.T.","contributorId":23673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bridges","given":"N.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hook, S.J.","contributorId":21711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hook","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Baldridge, A.","contributorId":30316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldridge","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Brown, A.J.","contributorId":54803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ribeiro da Luz, B.","contributorId":28423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ribeiro da Luz","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"de Souza, Filho C.R.","contributorId":103483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"de Souza","given":"Filho","email":"","middleInitial":"C.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70037391,"text":"70037391 - 2009 - Coral disease following massive bleaching in 2005 causes 60% decline in coral cover on reefs in the US Virgin Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:46","indexId":"70037391","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1338,"text":"Coral Reefs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coral disease following massive bleaching in 2005 causes 60% decline in coral cover on reefs in the US Virgin Islands","docAbstract":"In the northeast Caribbean, doldrum-like conditions combined with elevated water temperatures in the summer/fall 2005 created the most severe coral bleaching event ever documented within this region. Video monitoring of 100 randomly chosen, permanent transects at five study sites in the US Virgin Islands revealed over 90% of the scleractinian coral cover showed signs of thermal stress by paling or becoming completely white. Lower water temperatures in October allowed some re-coloring of corals; however, a subsequent unprecedented regional outbreak of coral disease affected all sites. Five known diseases or syndromes were recorded; however, most lesions showed signs similar to white plague. Nineteen scleractinian species were affected by disease, with >90% of the disease-induced lesions occurring on the genus Montastraea. The disease outbreak peaked several months after the onset of bleaching at all sites but did not occur at the same time. The mean number of disease-induced lesions increased 51-fold and the mean area of disease-associated mortality increased 13-fold when compared with pre-bleaching disease levels. In the 12 months following the onset of bleaching, coral cover declined at all sites (average loss: 51.5%, range: 42.4-61.8%) reducing the five-site average from 21.4% before bleaching to 10.3% with most mortality caused by white plague disease, not bleaching. Continued losses through October 2007 reduced the average coral cover of the five sites to 8.3% (average 2-year loss: 61.1%, range: 53.0-79.3%). Mean cover by M. annularis (complex) decreased 51%, Colpophyllia natans 78% and Agaricia agaricites 87%. Isolated disease outbreaks have been documented before in the Virgin Islands, but never as widespread or devastating as the one that occurred after the 2005 Caribbean coral-bleaching event. This study provides insight into the effects of continued seawater warming and subsequent coral bleaching events in the Caribbean and highlights the need to understand links between coral bleaching and disease. ?? The Author(s) 2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coral Reefs","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00338-009-0531-7","issn":"07224028","usgsCitation":"Miller, J., Muller, E., Rogers, C., Waara, R., Atkinson, A., Whelan, K., Patterson, M., and Witcher, B., 2009, Coral disease following massive bleaching in 2005 causes 60% decline in coral cover on reefs in the US Virgin Islands: Coral Reefs, v. 28, no. 4, p. 925-937, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-009-0531-7.","startPage":"925","endPage":"937","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487963,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-009-0531-7","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217005,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00338-009-0531-7"},{"id":244915,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fc07e4b0c8380cd4e0b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, J.","contributorId":16939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Muller, E.","contributorId":34645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muller","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rogers, C.","contributorId":27229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Waara, R.","contributorId":42009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waara","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Atkinson, A.","contributorId":101207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atkinson","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Whelan, K.R.T.","contributorId":11311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whelan","given":"K.R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Patterson, M.","contributorId":16683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patterson","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Witcher, B.","contributorId":74828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witcher","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70037458,"text":"70037458 - 2009 - Threatened fishes of the world: Moapa coriacea Hubbs and Miller, 1948 (cyprinidae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-28T11:21:47","indexId":"70037458","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Threatened fishes of the world: Moapa coriacea Hubbs and Miller, 1948 (cyprinidae)","docAbstract":"Moapa dace. Conservation status: Endangered (U.S. Department of the Interior 1967), Critically Endangered, IUCN (Gimenez 1996). Identification: Small embedded scales, narrow caudal peduncle and a bright black spot at the base of deeply forked tail. Pharyngeal teeth (0,5–4,0) hooked but with a grinding surface. Adults 50 to 120 mm total length. Drawing adapted from La Rivers (1962). Distribution: Endemic to the upper Muddy River system, Clark County, Nevada where the river originates from over 20 thermal springs. Prior to 1995 Moapa dace occupied 9.5 stream km including the upper Muddy River and spring-fed tributaries (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1995). Distribution has contracted to 2 km (unpublished data) since the 1995 invasion of blue tilapia, Oreochromis aurea. Abundance: In 1994 the population was about 3,800, but after tilapia invasion dropped below 1,600 (Scoppettone et al. 1998) where it has remained (unpublished data). Habitat and ecology: Omnivorous but tends toward carnivory. Feed primarily on drift in areas adjacent to fast water 26–32°C. Reproduction: Occurs year round in spring-fed tributaries to the Muddy River in water temperature of 30–32°C (Scoppettone et al. 1992). Threats: Nonnative species (Scoppettone 1993; Scoppettone et al. 1998) and ground-water pumping (Mayer and Congdon 2008). Conservation actions: Moapa Valley National Wildlife Refuge was established in the upper Muddy River for the protection and perpetuation of Moapa dace. Barrier installation and chemical removal of blue tilapia downstream of refuge habitat provides 2 km of stream without tilapia. Conservation recommendations: Eliminate tilapia from the Muddy River system and control or eliminate other nonnative species. Protect spring discharge from excessive water withdrawal. Remarks: Given a high priority for recovery by the U.S. Government.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Science+Business Media B.V. ","doi":"10.1007/s10641-009-9524-1","issn":"03781909","usgsCitation":"Scoppettone, G., and Goodchild, S., 2009, Threatened fishes of the world: Moapa coriacea Hubbs and Miller, 1948 (cyprinidae): Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 86, no. 2, p. 339-340, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-009-9524-1.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"339","endPage":"340","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245389,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217441,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10641-009-9524-1"}],"volume":"86","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb2fbe4b08c986b325af1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scoppettone, G.G.","contributorId":22793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scoppettone","given":"G.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goodchild, S.","contributorId":48419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodchild","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037220,"text":"70037220 - 2009 - Fish passage and abundance around grade control structures on incised streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037220","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Fish passage and abundance around grade control structures on incised streams","docAbstract":"This paper summarizes research from separate studies of fish passage over weirs (Larson et al., 2004; Litvan, 2006; Litvan, et al., 2008a-c) and weir hydraulics (Papanicolaou and Dermisis, 2006; Papanicolaou and Dermisis, in press). Channel incision in the deep loess region of western Iowa has caused decreased biodiversity because streams have high sediment loads, altered flow regimes, lost habitat, and lost lateral connectivity with their former floodplains. In-stream grade control structures (GCS) are built to prevent further erosion, protect infrastructure, and reduce sediment loads. However, GCS can have a detrimental impact on fisheries abundance and migration, biodiversity, and longitudinal connectivity. Fish mark-recapture studies were performed on stretches of streams with and without GCS. GCS with vertical or 1:4 (rise/run) downstream slopes did not allow fish migration, but GCS with slopes ??? 1:15 did. GCS sites were characterized by greater proportions of pool habitat, maximum depths, fish biomass, slightly higher index of biotic integrity (IBI) scores, and greater macroinvertebrate abundance and diversity than non-GCS sites. After modification of three GCS, IBI scores increased and fish species exhibiting truncated distributions before were found throughout the study area. Another study examined the hydraulic performance of GCS to facilitate unimpeded fish passage by determining the mean and turbulent flow characteristics in the vicinity of the GCS via detailed, non-intrusive field tests. Mean flow depth (Y) and velocity (V) atop the GCS were critical for evaluating GCS performance. Turbulent flow measurements illustrated that certain GCS designs cause sudden constrictions which form eddies large enough to disorient fish. GCS with slopes ??? 1:15 best met the minimum requirements to allow catfish passage of a flow depth of ??? 0.31 m and a mean flow velocity of ??? 1.22 m/s. ?? 2009 ASCE.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers","conferenceTitle":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers","conferenceDate":"17 May 2009 through 21 May 2009","conferenceLocation":"Kansas City, MO","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/41036(342)312","isbn":"9780784410363","usgsCitation":"Thomas, J., Papanicolaou, A., Pierce, C., Dermisis, D., Litvan, M., and Larson, C., 2009, Fish passage and abundance around grade control structures on incised streams, in Proceedings of World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers, v. 342, Kansas City, MO, 17 May 2009 through 21 May 2009, p. 3082-3091, https://doi.org/10.1061/41036(342)312.","startPage":"3082","endPage":"3091","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476273,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1015&context=nrem_conf","text":"External Repository"},{"id":217253,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41036(342)312"},{"id":245184,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"342","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a10a0e4b0c8380cd53d44","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, J.T.","contributorId":80119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Papanicolaou, A.N.","contributorId":10208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Papanicolaou","given":"A.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pierce, C.L. 0000-0001-5088-5431","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5088-5431","contributorId":93606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"C.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dermisis, D.C.","contributorId":13465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dermisis","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Litvan, M.E.","contributorId":67734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Litvan","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Larson, C.J.","contributorId":35957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70035596,"text":"70035596 - 2009 - Climatic and limnologic setting of Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:51","indexId":"70035596","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climatic and limnologic setting of Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho","docAbstract":"Bear Lake is a large alkaline lake on a high plateau on the Utah-Idaho border. The Bear River was partly diverted into the lake in the early twentieth century so that Bear Lake could serve as a reservoir to supply water for hydropower and irrigation downstream, which continues today. The northern Rocky Mountain region is within the belt of the strongest of the westerly winds that transport moisture during the winter and spring over coastal mountain ranges and into the Great Basin and Rocky Mountains. As a result of this dominant winter precipitation pattern, most of the water entering the lake is from snowmelt, but with net evaporation. The dominant solutes in the lake water are Ca 2+, Mg2+, and HCO32-, derived from Paleozoic carbonate rocks in the Bear River Range west of the lake. The lake is saturated with calcite, aragonite, and dolomite at all depths, and produces vast amounts of carbonate minerals. The chemistry of the lake has changed considerably over the past 100 years as a result of the diversion of Bear River. The net effect of the diversion was to dilute the lake water, especially the Mg2+ concentration. Bear Lake is oligotrophic and coprecipitation of phosphate with CaCO3 helps to keep productivity low. However, algal growth is colimited by nitrogen availability. Phytoplankton densities are low, with a mean summer chlorophyll a concentration of 0.4 mg L-1. Phytoplankton are dominated by diatoms, but they have not been studied extensively (but see Moser and Kimball, this volume). Zooplankton densities usually are low (<10 L-1) and highly seasonal, dominated by calanoid copepods and cladocera. Benthic invertebrate densities are extremely low; chironomid larvae are dominant at depths <30 m, and are partially replaced with ostracodes and oligochaetes in deeper water. The ostracode species in water depths >10 m are all endemic. Bear Lake has 13 species of fi sh, four of which are endemic. Copyright ?? 2009 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2009.2450(01)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Dean, W., Wurtsbaugh, W., and Lamarra, V., 2009, Climatic and limnologic setting of Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 450, p. 1-14, https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.2450(01).","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216159,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2009.2450(01)"},{"id":244008,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"450","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f65be4b0c8380cd4c703","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dean, W.E.","contributorId":97099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wurtsbaugh, W.A.","contributorId":36751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wurtsbaugh","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lamarra, V.A.","contributorId":47196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamarra","given":"V.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70035133,"text":"70035133 - 2009 - Quality assurance and quality control in light stable isotope laboratories: A case study of Rio Grande, Texas, water samples","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-15T07:07:59","indexId":"70035133","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2114,"text":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quality assurance and quality control in light stable isotope laboratories: A case study of Rio Grande, Texas, water samples","docAbstract":"New isotope laboratories can achieve the goal of reporting the same isotopic composition within analytical uncertainty for the same material analysed decades apart by (1) writing their own acceptance testing procedures and putting them into their mass spectrometric or laser-based isotope-ratio equipment procurement contract, (2) requiring a manufacturer to demonstrate acceptable performance using all sample ports provided with the instrumentation, (3) for each medium to be analysed, prepare two local reference materials substantially different in isotopic composition to encompass the range in isotopic composition expected in the laboratory and calibrated them with isotopic reference materials available from the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) or the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), (4) using the optimum storage containers (for water samples, sealing in glass ampoules that are sterilised after sealing is satisfactory), (5) interspersing among sample unknowns local laboratory isotopic reference materials daily (internationally distributed isotopic reference materials can be ordered at three-year intervals, and can be used for elemental analyser analyses and other analyses that consume less than 1 mg of material) – this process applies to H, C, N, O, and S isotope ratios, (6) calculating isotopic compositions of unknowns by normalising isotopic data to that of local reference materials, which have been calibrated to internationally distributed isotopic reference materials, (7) reporting results on scales normalised to internationally distributed isotopic reference materials (where they are available) and providing to sample submitters the isotopic compositions of internationally distributed isotopic reference materials of the same substance had they been analysed with unknowns, (8) providing an audit trail in the laboratory for analytical results – this trail commonly will be in electronic format and might include a laboratory information management system, (9) making at regular intervals a complete backup of laboratory analytical data (both of samples logged into the laboratory and of mass spectrometric analyses), being sure to store one copy of this backup offsite, and (10) participating in interlaboratory comparison exercises sponsored by the IAEA and other agencies at regular intervals.
We evaluate the utility of three interrelated means of using data to calibrate the fully distributed rainfall‐runoff model TOPKAPI as applied to the Maggia Valley drainage area in Switzerland. The use of error‐based weighting of observation and prior information data, local sensitivity analysis, and single‐objective function nonlinear regression provides quantitative evaluation of sensitivity of the 35 model parameters to the data, identification of data types most important to the calibration, and identification of correlations among parameters that contribute to nonuniqueness. Sensitivity analysis required only 71 model runs, and regression required about 50 model runs. The approach presented appears to be ideal for evaluation of models with long run times or as a preliminary step to more computationally demanding methods. The statistics used include composite scaled sensitivities, parameter correlation coefficients, leverage, Cook's D, and DFBETAS. Tests suggest predictive ability of the calibrated model typical of hydrologic models.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2008WR007255","usgsCitation":"Foglia, L., Hill, M.C., Mehl, S.W., and Burlando, P., 2009, Sensitivity analysis, calibration, and testing of a distributed hydrological model using error‐based weighting and one objective function: Water Resources Research, v. 45, no. 6, Article W06427; 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2008WR007255.","productDescription":"Article W06427; 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-011230","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343431,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595f4c49e4b0d1f9f057e395","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foglia, L.","contributorId":6251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foglia","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, Mary C. mchill@usgs.gov","contributorId":974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Mary","email":"mchill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mehl, Steffen W. swmehl@usgs.gov","contributorId":975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mehl","given":"Steffen","email":"swmehl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":703396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burlando, P.","contributorId":29209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burlando","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70035155,"text":"70035155 - 2009 - Diet and body mass of wintering ducks in adjacent brackish and freshwater habitats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:56","indexId":"70035155","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diet and body mass of wintering ducks in adjacent brackish and freshwater habitats","docAbstract":"Field-collected and hunter-donated ducks obtained during September-January of 1997-98 and 1998-99 were used to determine if food habits and body mass of Northern Pintails (Anas acuta) and Mallards (A. platyrhynchos) wintering in Suisun Marsh (Suisun), California, a managed estuarine brackish marsh, differed from values in the adjacent Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta (the Delta), a freshwater region of grain fields flooded after harvest. Ducks in Suisun fed primarily on seeds of Sea Purslane (Sesuvium verrucosum), followed by Alkali Bulrush (Schoenoplectus maritimus) and Wild Millet (Echinochloa crusgalli), together forming 73-90% (aggregate % dry mass) of the diets. Ducks in the Delta fed primarily on seeds of Smartweed (Polygonum spp.), followed by corn (Zea mays) and tomato seeds (Lycopersicon esculentum), together forming 62-88% of the diets. Pintails and Mallards collected in Suisun each had similar (5 of 11 seasonal comparisons) or greater (6 of the 11 comparisons) body mass compared to their conspecifics collected from the Delta (90% confidence interval analyses), despite a composite diet in the Delta having about 39% greater metabolizable energy content (ME) and 24% greater protein content than in Suisun. Therefore, diet quality alone was not a predictor of body mass in these two areas. Other factors must have been involved, such as greater food abundance and density, lower waterfowl abundance and density, or lower daily energy costs in Suisun. Direct measurement of these factors should explain the apparent inconsistencies in body mass relative to food quality in these brackish and freshwater habitats.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterbirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1675/063.032.0302","issn":"15244695","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.R., Burns, E., Wickland, B., and Eadie, J., 2009, Diet and body mass of wintering ducks in adjacent brackish and freshwater habitats: Waterbirds, v. 32, no. 3, p. 374-387, https://doi.org/10.1675/063.032.0302.","startPage":"374","endPage":"387","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476180,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1675/063.032.0302","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243323,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215513,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1675/063.032.0302"}],"volume":"32","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a00cae4b0c8380cd4f907","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, M. R.","contributorId":19104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burns, E.G.","contributorId":79723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"E.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wickland, B.E.","contributorId":100216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wickland","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eadie, J.M.","contributorId":8034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eadie","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70037465,"text":"70037465 - 2009 - Evolution and preservation potential of fluvial and transgressive deposits on the Louisiana inner shelf: Understanding depositional processes to support coastal management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-29T01:15:19.492407","indexId":"70037465","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1742,"text":"Geo-Marine Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evolution and preservation potential of fluvial and transgressive deposits on the Louisiana inner shelf: Understanding depositional processes to support coastal management","docAbstract":"The barrier-island systems of the Mississippi River Delta plain are currently undergoing some of the highest rates of shoreline retreat in North America (~20 m/year). Effective management of this coastal area requires an understanding of the processes involved in shoreline erosion and measures that can be enacted to reduce loss. The dominant stratigraphy of the delta plain is fluvial mud (silts and clays), delivered in suspension via a series of shallow-water delta lobes that prograded across the shelf throughout the Holocene. Abandonment of a delta lobe through avulsion leads to rapid land subsidence through compaction within the muddy framework. As the deltaic headland subsides below sea level, the marine environment transgresses the bays and wetlands, reworking the available sands into transgressive barrier shorelines. This natural process is further complicated by numerous factors: (1) global sea-level rise; (2) reduced sediment load within the Mississippi River; (3) diversion of the sediment load away from the barrier shorelines to the deep shelf; (4) storm-induced erosion; and (5) human alteration of the littoral process through the construction of hardened shorelines, canals, and other activities. This suite of factors has led to the deterioration of the barrier-island systems that protect interior wetlands and human infrastructure from normal wave activity and periodic storm impact. Interior wetland loss results in an increased tidal prism and inlet cross-sectional areas, and expanding ebb-tidal deltas, which removes sand from the littoral processes through diversion and sequestration. Shoreface erosion of the deltaic headlands does not provide sufficient sand to balance the loss, resulting in thinning and dislocation of the islands. Abatement measures include replenishing lost sediment with similar material, excavated from discrete sandy deposits within the muddy delta plain. These sand bodies were deposited by the same cyclical processes that formed the barrier islands, and understanding these processes is necessary to characterize their location, extent, and resource potential. In this paper we demonstrate the dominant fluvial and marine-transgressive depositional processes that occur on the inner shelf, and identify the preservation and resource potential of fluvio-deltaic deposits for coastal management in Louisiana.
Groundwater pumping has led to extensive water-level declines and seawater intrusion in coastal Los Angeles, California (USA). A SUTRA-based solute-transport model was developed to test the hydraulic implications of a sequence-stratigraphic model of the Dominguez Gap area and to assess the effects of water-management scenarios. The model is two-dimensional, vertical and follows an approximate flow line extending from the Pacific Ocean through the Dominguez Gap area. Results indicate that a newly identified fault system can provide a pathway for transport of seawater and that a stratigraphic boundary located between the Bent Spring and Upper Wilmington sequences may control the vertical movement of seawater. Three 50-year water-management scenarios were considered: (1) no change in water-management practices; (2) installation of a slurry wall; and (3) raising inland water levels to 7.6 m above sea level. Scenario 3 was the most effective by reversing seawater intrusion. The effects of an instantaneous 1-m sea-level rise were also tested using water-management scenarios 1 and 3. Results from two 100-year simulations indicate that a 1-m sea-level rise may accelerate seawater intrusion for scenario 1; however, scenario 3 remains effective for controlling seawater intrusion.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-009-0481-8","issn":"14312174","usgsCitation":"Nishikawa, T., Siade, A.J., Reichard, E.G., Ponti, D.J., Canales, A., and Johnson, T., 2009, Stratigraphic controls on seawater intrusion and implications for groundwater management, Dominguez Gap area of Los Angeles, California, USA: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 17, no. 7, p. 1699-1725, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-009-0481-8.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"1699","endPage":"1725","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245231,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217296,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-009-0481-8"}],"volume":"17","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b98dbe4b08c986b31c167","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nishikawa, Tracy 0000-0002-7348-3838 tnish@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7348-3838","contributorId":1515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nishikawa","given":"Tracy","email":"tnish@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Siade, Adam J. asiade@usgs.gov","contributorId":1533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siade","given":"Adam","email":"asiade@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reichard, Eric G. 0000-0002-7310-3866 egreich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7310-3866","contributorId":1207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reichard","given":"Eric","email":"egreich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":461021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ponti, Daniel J. 0000-0002-2437-5144 dponti@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2437-5144","contributorId":1020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponti","given":"Daniel","email":"dponti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Canales, A.G.","contributorId":23789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Canales","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnson, T.A.","contributorId":72593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70032908,"text":"70032908 - 2009 - An empirical method for estimating instream pre-mining pH and dissolved Cu concentration in catchments with acidic drainage and ferricrete","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-03T10:44:43","indexId":"70032908","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An empirical method for estimating instream pre-mining pH and dissolved Cu concentration in catchments with acidic drainage and ferricrete","docAbstract":"Methods for assessing natural background water quality of streams affected by historical mining are vigorously debated. An empirical method is proposed in which stream-specific estimation equations are generated from relationships between either pH or dissolved Cu concentration in stream water and the Fe/Cu concentration ratio in Fe-precipitates presently forming in the stream. The equations and Fe/Cu ratios for pre-mining deposits of alluvial ferricrete then were used to reconstruct estimated pre-mining longitudinal profiles for pH and dissolved Cu in three acidic streams in Montana, USA. Primary assumptions underlying the proposed method are that alluvial ferricretes and modern Fe-precipitates share a common origin, that the Cu content of Fe-precipitates remains constant during and after conversion to ferricrete, and that geochemical factors other than pH and dissolved Cu concentration play a lesser role in determining Fe/Cu ratios in Fe-precipitates. The method was evaluated by applying it in a fourth, naturally acidic stream unaffected by mining, where estimated pre-mining pH and Cu concentrations were similar to present-day values, and by demonstrating that inflows, particularly from unmined areas, had consistent effects on both the pre-mining and measured profiles of pH and Cu concentration. Using this method, it was estimated that mining has affected about 480 m of Daisy Creek, 1.8 km of Fisher Creek, and at least 1 km of Swift Gulch. Mean values of pH decreased by about 0.6 pH units to about 3.2 in Daisy Creek and by 1-1.5 pH units to about 3.5 in Fisher Creek. In Swift Gulch, mining appears to have decreased pH from about 5.5 to as low as 3.6. Dissolved Cu concentrations increased due to mining almost 40% in Daisy Creek to a mean of 11.7 mg/L and as much as 230% in Fisher Creek to 0.690 mg/L. Uncertainty in the fate of Cu during the conversion of Fe-precipitates to ferricrete translates to potential errors in pre-mining estimates of as much as 0.25 units for pH and 22% for dissolved Cu concentration. The method warrants further testing in other mined and unmined watersheds. Comparison of pre-mining water-quality estimates derived from the ferricrete and other methods in single watersheds would be particularly valuable. The method has potential for use in monitoring remedial efforts at mine sites with ferricrete deposits. A reasonable remediation objective might be realized when the downstream pattern of Fe/Cu ratios in modern streambed Fe-precipitates corresponds to the pattern in pre-mining alluvial ferricrete deposits along a stream valley.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2008.11.007","issn":"08832","usgsCitation":"Nimick, D., Gurrieri, J., and Furniss, G., 2009, An empirical method for estimating instream pre-mining pH and dissolved Cu concentration in catchments with acidic drainage and ferricrete: Applied Geochemistry, v. 24, no. 1, p. 106-119, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2008.11.007.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"106","endPage":"119","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241142,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213512,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2008.11.007"}],"volume":"24","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea36e4b0c8380cd486e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimick, D. A.","contributorId":70399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimick","given":"D. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gurrieri, J.T.","contributorId":21356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gurrieri","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Furniss, G.","contributorId":88567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furniss","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70193174,"text":"70193174 - 2009 - Food supplies of stream-dwelling salmonids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-26T15:58:11","indexId":"70193174","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Food supplies of stream-dwelling salmonids","docAbstract":"Much is known about the importance of the physical characteristics of salmonid habitat in Alaska and the Pacific Northwest, with far less known about the food sources and trophic processes within these habitats, and the role they play in regulating salmonid productivity. Freshwater food webs supporting salmonids in Alaska rely heavily on nutrient, detritus and prey subsidies from both marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Adult salmon provide a massive input of marine biomass to riverine ecosystems each year when they spawn, die, and decompose, and are a critical food source for young salmon in late summer and fall; riparian forests provide terrestrial invertebrates to streams, which at times comprise over half of the food ingested by stream-resident salmonids; and up-slope, fishless headwater streams are a year-round source of invertebrates and detritus for fish downstream. The quantity of these food resources vary widely depending on source, season, and spatial position within a watershed. Terrestrial invertebrate inputs from riparian habitats are generally the most abundant food source in summer. Juvenile salmonids in streams consume roughly equal amounts of freshwater and terrestrially-derived invertebrates during most of the growing season, but ingest substantial amounts of marine resources (salmon eggs and decomposing salmon tissue) when these food items are present. Quantity, quality, and timing of food resources all appear to be important driving forces in aquatic food web dynamics, community nutrition, and salmonid growth and survival in riverine ecosystems.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Fisheries Society Symposium 70","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","usgsCitation":"Wipfli, M.S., 2009, Food supplies of stream-dwelling salmonids, in American Fisheries Society Symposium 70, 14 p.","productDescription":"14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-007611","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350717,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":347778,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://alaska.portal.gina.alaska.edu/catalogs/9657-food-supplies-of-stream-dwelling-salmonids"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6c4c9ae4b06e28e9cabb28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wipfli, Mark S. 0000-0002-4856-6068 mwipfli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4856-6068","contributorId":1425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wipfli","given":"Mark","email":"mwipfli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70035627,"text":"70035627 - 2009 - Effects of fire temperature on the physical and chemical characteristics of the ash from two plots of Cork oak (Quercus Suber)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:52","indexId":"70035627","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2597,"text":"Land Degradation and Development","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of fire temperature on the physical and chemical characteristics of the ash from two plots of Cork oak (Quercus Suber)","docAbstract":"Cork oak, (Quercus suber) is widely distributed in the Mediterranean region, an area subject to frequent fires. The ash produced by burning can have impacts on the soil status and water resources that can differ according to the temperature reached during fire and the characteristics of the litter, defined as the dead organic matter accumulated on the soil surface prior to the fire. The aim of this work is to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of ash produced in laboratory experiments to approximate conditions typical of fires in this region. The litter of Quercus suber collected from two different plots on the Iberian Peninsula, Mas Bassets (Catalonia) and Albufeira (Portugal), was combusted at different temperatures for 2h. We measured Mass Loss (ML per cent), ash colour and CaCO3 content, pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC) and the major cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+ and Na+) released from ash slurries created by mixing ash with deionized water. The results showed that ML per cent is higher at all temperatures in Albufeira samples compared to Mas Bassets samples, except at 550??C, and the rate of loss increases faster with temperature than the Mas Bassets samples. At 150??C the ash colour is yellowish, becoming reddish at 200- 250??C and black at 300??C. Above 400??C the ash is grey/white. This thermal degradation is mostly observed in Albufeira litter. The formation of CaCO3 was identified at a lower temperature in Albufeira litter. At temperatures <300??C, pH and EC values are lower, rising at higher temperatures, especially in Albufeira slurries. The concentration of cations at lower temperatures does not differ substantially from the unburned sample except for Mg2+. The cation concentration increases at medium temperatures and decrease at higher temperatures, especially the concentration of divalent cations. The monovalent cations showed a larger concentration at moderate temperatures, mainly in Albufeira ash slurries. The analysis of the Ca:Mg ratio also showed that for the same temperature, a higher severity results for Albufeira litter. Potential negative effects on soil properties are observed at medium and higher temperatures. These negative effects include a higher percentage of mass loss, meaning more soil may be exposed to erosion, higher pH values and greater cation release from ash, especially monovalalent cations (K+,Na+) in higher proportions than the divalent ions (Ca2+, Mg2+), that can lead to impacts on soil physical properties like aggregate stability. Furthermore, the ions in ash may alter soil chemistry which may be detrimental to some plants thus altering the recovery of these ecosystems after fire. Low intensity prescribed fire can be a useful tool to land management in these sites, due to the reduced effects of fire temperatures on the physical and chemical properties of surface litter, and can reduce the risk of high temperature wildland fires by reducing fuel loadings. From the perspective of water resources, lower fire temperatures produce fewer impacts on the chemistry of overland flow and there is less probability that the soil surface will be eroded. Copyright ?? 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Land Degradation and Development","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/ldr.930","issn":"10853278","usgsCitation":"Ubeda, X., Pereira, P., Outeiro, L., and Martin, D., 2009, Effects of fire temperature on the physical and chemical characteristics of the ash from two plots of Cork oak (Quercus Suber): Land Degradation and Development, v. 20, no. 6, p. 589-608, https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.930.","startPage":"589","endPage":"608","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216129,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ldr.930"},{"id":243976,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a06f1e4b0c8380cd514bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ubeda, X.","contributorId":17847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ubeda","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pereira, P.","contributorId":33947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pereira","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Outeiro, L.","contributorId":52420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Outeiro","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Martin, D.A.","contributorId":61548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70034424,"text":"70034424 - 2009 - Arctic lake physical processes and regimes with implications for winter water availability and management in the national petroleum reserve alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-19T20:06:11","indexId":"70034424","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Arctic lake physical processes and regimes with implications for winter water availability and management in the national petroleum reserve alaska","docAbstract":"Lakes are dominant landforms in the National Petroleum Reserve Alaska (NPRA) as well as important social and ecological resources. Of recent importance is the management of these freshwater ecosystems because lakes deeper than maximum ice thickness provide an important and often sole source of liquid water for aquatic biota, villages, and industry during winter. To better understand seasonal and annual hydrodynamics in the context of lake morphometry, we analyzed lakes in two adjacent areas where winter water use is expected to increase in the near future because of industrial expansion. Landsat Thematic Mapper and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus imagery acquired between 1985 and 2007 were analyzed and compared with climate data to understand interannual variability. Measured changes in lake area extent varied by 0.6% and were significantly correlated to total precipitation in the preceding 12 months (p < 0.05). Using this relation, the modeled lake area extent from 1985 to 2007 showed no long-term trends. In addition, high-resolution aerial photography, bathymetric surveys, water-level monitoring, and lake-ice thickness measurements and growth models were used to better understand seasonal hydrodynamics, surface area-to-volume relations, winter water availability, and more permanent changes related to geomorphic change. Together, these results describe how lakes vary seasonally and annually in two critical areas of the NPRA and provide simple models to help better predict variation in lake-water supply. Our findings suggest that both overestimation and underestimation of actual available winter water volume may occur regularly, and this understanding may help better inform management strategies as future resource use expands in the NPRA. ?? 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00267-008-9241-0","issn":"0364152X","usgsCitation":"Jones, B.M., Arp, C., Hinkel, K.M., Beck, R., Schmutz, J.A., and Winston, B., 2009, Arctic lake physical processes and regimes with implications for winter water availability and management in the national petroleum reserve alaska: Environmental Management, v. 43, no. 6, p. 1071-1084, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-008-9241-0.","startPage":"1071","endPage":"1084","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244823,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216921,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-008-9241-0"}],"volume":"43","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed55e4b0c8380cd4973f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Benjamin M. 0000-0002-1517-4711 bjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1517-4711","contributorId":2286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Benjamin","email":"bjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":445719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arp, C.D.","contributorId":54715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arp","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hinkel, Kenneth M.","contributorId":15405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinkel","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beck, R.A.","contributorId":44246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beck","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":445716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Winston, B.","contributorId":89379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winston","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ]}