The Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) and other state departments of transportation need quantitative information about the percentages of different land cover categories above any given stream crossing in the state to assess and address roadway contributions to water-quality impairments and resulting total maximum daily loads. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with ODOT and the FHWA, added roadway and land cover information to the online StreamStats application to facilitate analysis of stormwater runoff contributions from different land covers. Analysis of 25 delineated basins with drainage areas of about 100 mi2 indicates the diversity of land covers in the Willamette Valley, Oregon. On average, agricultural, developed, and undeveloped land covers comprise 15%, 2.3%, and 82% of these basin areas. On average, these basins contained about 10 mi of state highways and 222 mi of non-state roads. The Stochastic Empirical Loading and Dilution Model was used with available water-quality data to simulate long-term yields of total phosphorus from highways, non-highway roadways, and agricultural, developed, and undeveloped areas. These yields were applied to land cover areas obtained from StreamStats for the Willamette River above Wilsonville, Oregon. This analysis indicated that highway yields were larger than yields from other land covers because highway runoff concentrations were higher than other land covers and the highway is fully impervious. However, the total highway area was a fraction of the other land covers. Accordingly, highway runoff mitigation measures can be effective for managing water quality locally, they may have limited effect on achieving basin-wide stormwater reduction goals.
The Gunnison Basin Selenium Management Program implemented a water-quality monitoring network in 2011 in the lower Gunnison River Basin in Colorado. Selenium is a trace element that bioaccumulates in aquatic food chains and can cause reproductive failure, deformities, and other harmful effects. This report presents the percentile values of selenium because regulatory agencies in Colorado make decisions based on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Clean Water Act Section 303(d) that uses percentile values of concentration. Also presented are dissolved-selenium loads at 18 sites in the lower Gunnison River Basin for water years (WYs) 2011–2016 (October 1, 2010, through September 30, 2016). Annual dissolved-selenium loads were calculated for five sites with continuous U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamflow-gaging stations. Annual dissolved-selenium loads for WY 2011 through WY 2016 ranged from 179 and 391 pounds (lb) at Uncompahgre River at Colona to 11,100 and 17,300 lb at Gunnison River near Grand Junction (herein called Whitewater), respectively.
Instantaneous loads were calculated for five sites with continuous U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamflow-gaging stations and 13 ancillary sites where discrete water-quality sampling also took place, using discrete water-quality samples and the associated discharge measurements collected during the period. Median instantaneous loads ranged from 0.01 pound per day (lb/d) at Smith Fork near Lazear to 33.0 lb/d at Whitewater. Mean instantaneous loads ranged from 0.06 lb/d at Smith Fork near Lazear to 36.2 lb/d at Whitewater. Most tributary sites in the basin had a median instantaneous dissolved-selenium load of less than 20.0 lb/day. In general, dissolved-selenium loads at Gunnison River main-stem sites showed an increase from upstream to downstream.
The State of Colorado water-quality standard for dissolved selenium of 4.6 micrograms per liter (µg/L) was compared to the 85th percentiles for dissolved selenium at selected sites. Annual 85th percentiles for dissolved selenium were calculated for the five core sites having USGS streamflow-gaging stations using estimated dissolved-selenium concentrations from linear regression models. The 85th-percentile concentrations for WYs 2011–2016 based on this method ranged from 0.62 µg/L and 1.1µg/L at Uncompahgre River at Colona to 12.1 µg/L and 18.7 µg/L at Uncompahgre River at Delta.
The 85th percentiles for dissolved selenium also were calculated for sites with sufficient data using water-quality samples collected during WYs 2011–2016. The annual 85th-percentile concentrations based on the discrete samples ranged from 0.16 µg/L and 0.17 µg/L at Gunnison River below Gunnison Tunnel to 62.2 µg/L and 170 µg/L at Loutzenhizer Arroyo at North River Road.
A trend analysis was completed for Whitewater to determine if dissolved-selenium loads are increasing or decreasing. The trend analysis indicates a decrease of 9,100 lb from WY 1986 to WY 2016, a 40.8 percent reduction during the time period. The trend analysis for the annual dissolved-selenium load for WY 1994 to WY 2016 indicates a decrease of 6,300 lb per year, or 33.3 percent.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20185001","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Henneberg, M.F., 2018, Assessment of dissolved-selenium concentrations and loads in the lower Gunnison River Basin, Colorado, as part of the Selenium Management Program, from 2011 to 2016: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018–5001, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20185001.","productDescription":"v, 23 p.","numberOfPages":"33","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-090932","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353466,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5001/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":353467,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5001/sir20185001.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.95 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2018–5001"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Lower Gunnison River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.5,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -107.25,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -107.25,\n 39.25\n ],\n [\n -108.5,\n 39.25\n ],\n [\n -108.5,\n 38\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Colorado Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS 415
Denver, CO 80225
Direct covariance observations of the mean flow Reynolds stress and sonar images of the seafloor collected on a wave‐exposed inner continental shelf demonstrate that the drag exerted by the seabed on the overlying flow is consistent with boundary layer models for wave‐current interaction, provided that the orientation and anisotropy of the bed roughness are appropriately quantified. Large spatial and temporal variations in drag result from nonequilibrium ripple dynamics, ripple anisotropy, and the orientation of the ripples relative to the current. At a location in coarse sand characterized by large two‐dimensional orbital ripples, the observed drag shows a strong dependence on the relative orientation of the mean current to the ripple crests. At a contrasting location in fine sand, where more isotropic sub‐orbital ripples are observed, the sensitivity of the current to the orientation of the ripples is reduced. Further, at the coarse site under conditions when the currents are parallel to the ripple crests and the wave orbital diameter is smaller than the wavelength of the relic orbital ripples, the flow becomes hydraulically smooth. This transition is not observed at the fine site, where the observed wave orbital diameter is always greater than the wavelength of the observed sub‐orbital ripples. Paradoxically, the dominant along‐shelf flows often experience lower drag at the coarse site than at the fine site, despite the larger ripples, highlighting the complex dynamics controlling drag in wave‐exposed environments with heterogeneous roughness.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2017JC013252","usgsCitation":"Scully, M., Trowbridge, J., Sherwood, C.R., Jones, K.R., and Traykovski, P.A., 2018, Direct measurements of mean Reynolds stress and ripple roughness in the presence of energetic forcing by surface waves: Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, v. 123, no. 4, p. 2494-2512, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JC013252.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"2494","endPage":"2512","ipdsId":"IP-088590","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468815,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017jc013252","text":"External Repository"},{"id":353643,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"123","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-04-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6d3e4b0da30c1bfbe76","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scully, Malcolm","contributorId":174993,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scully","given":"Malcolm","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trowbridge, John","contributorId":174994,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trowbridge","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sherwood, Christopher R. 0000-0001-6135-3553 csherwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6135-3553","contributorId":2866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherwood","given":"Christopher","email":"csherwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jones, Katie R. 0000-0003-3373-3924","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3373-3924","contributorId":204379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Katie","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Traykovski, Peter A. 0000-0002-8163-6857","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8163-6857","contributorId":69487,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Traykovski","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6706,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70196635,"text":"70196635 - 2018 - Natural hazards in Goma and the surrounding villages, East African Rift System","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-13T13:20:40","indexId":"70196635","displayToPublicDate":"2018-04-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2822,"text":"Natural Hazards","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Natural hazards in Goma and the surrounding villages, East African Rift System","docAbstract":"The city of Goma and its surrounding villages (Democratic Republic of the Congo, DRC) are among the world’s most densely populated regions strongly affected by volcanic hazards. In 2002, Nyiragongo volcano erupted destroying 10–15% of Goma and forced a mass evacuation of the population. Hence, the ~ 1.5 million inhabitants of Goma and Gisenyi (Rwanda) continue to live with the threat of new lava flows and other eruptive hazards from this volcano. The current network of fractures extends from Nyiragongo summit to Goma and continues beneath Lake Kivu, which gives rise to the fear that an eruption could even produce an active vent within the center of Goma or within the lake. A sub-lacustrine volcanic eruption with vents in the floor of the main basin and/or Kabuno Bay of Lake Kivu could potentially release about 300 km3 of carbon dioxide (CO2) and 60 km3 of methane (CH4) dissolved in its deep waters that would be catastrophic to populations (~ 2.5 million people) along the lake shores. For the time being, ongoing hazards related to Nyiragongo and Nyamulagira volcanoes silently kill people and animals, slowly destroy the environment, and seriously harm the health of the population. They include mazuku (CO2-rich locations where people often die of asphyxiation), the highly fluoridated surface and ground waters, and other locally neglected hazards. The volcanic gas plume causes poor air quality and acid rain, which is commonly used for drinking water. Given the large number of people at risk and the continued movement of people to Goma and the surrounding villages, there is an urgent need for a thorough natural hazards assessment in the region. This paper presents a general view of natural hazards in the region around Goma based on field investigations, CO2 measurements in mazuku, and chemistry data for Lake Kivu, rivers and rainwater. The field investigations and the datasets are used in conjunction with extremely rich-historical (1897–2000) and recently published information about Nyiragongo and Nyamulagira volcanoes and Lake Kivu. We also present maps of mazuku and fractures in Goma, describe the volcanic eruption history with hazard assessment and mitigation implications, and consider social realities useful for an integrated risk management strategy.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11069-018-3288-x","usgsCitation":"Balagizi, C.M., Kies, A., Kasereka, M.M., Tedesco, D., Yalire, M.M., and McCausland, W.A., 2018, Natural hazards in Goma and the surrounding villages, East African Rift System: Natural Hazards, v. 93, no. 1, p. 31-66, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-018-3288-x.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"66","ipdsId":"IP-061455","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353654,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","city":"Goma","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 20.1708984375,\n -5.353521355337321\n ],\n [\n 31.3330078125,\n -5.353521355337321\n ],\n [\n 31.3330078125,\n 6.18424616128059\n ],\n [\n 20.1708984375,\n 6.18424616128059\n ],\n [\n 20.1708984375,\n -5.353521355337321\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"93","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-03-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6d3e4b0da30c1bfbe74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Balagizi, Charles M.","contributorId":204381,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Balagizi","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36925,"text":"Goma Volcano Observatory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kies, Antoine","contributorId":204383,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kies","given":"Antoine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36926,"text":"University of Luxembourg","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kasereka, Marcellin M.","contributorId":204382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kasereka","given":"Marcellin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36925,"text":"Goma Volcano Observatory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tedesco, Dario","contributorId":204384,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tedesco","given":"Dario","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36927,"text":"Second University of Naples","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yalire, Mathieu M.","contributorId":204385,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yalire","given":"Mathieu","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36925,"text":"Goma Volcano Observatory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McCausland, Wendy A. 0000-0002-8683-1440","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8683-1440","contributorId":204380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCausland","given":"Wendy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70196644,"text":"70196644 - 2018 - Establishment of the exotic invasive Cuban treefrog (Osteopilus septentrionalis) in Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-20T16:33:13","indexId":"70196644","displayToPublicDate":"2018-04-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1018,"text":"Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Establishment of the exotic invasive Cuban treefrog (Osteopilus septentrionalis) in Louisiana","title":"Establishment of the exotic invasive Cuban treefrog (Osteopilus septentrionalis) in Louisiana","docAbstract":"The Cuban treefrog, Osteopilus septentrionalis, is native to Cuba, the Bahamas, and the Cayman Islands, and is invasive in areas where it has been introduced and established in the Caribbean as well as Florida. Despite repeated occurrences in several states over many years, it was not believed that Cuban treefrogs had successfully established outside of Florida in the mainland United States. From mid-September to mid-November 2017, we captured and removed 367 Cuban treefrogs in just four surveys in New Orleans, Louisiana. The impacts of this population on native treefrogs in this area is unknown but possibly severe as indicated by the paucity of observations of native treefrogs during our surveys. Eradication of this seemingly established population is improbable, but continued surveys will facilitate learning about the ecology and genetics of this novel population.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10530-018-1732-1","usgsCitation":"Glorioso, B.M., Waddle, J.H., Muse, L.J., Jennings, N.D., Litton, M., Hamilton, J., Gergen, S., and Heckard, D., 2018, Establishment of the exotic invasive Cuban treefrog (Osteopilus septentrionalis) in Louisiana: Biological Invasions, v. 20, no. 10, p. 2707-2713, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-018-1732-1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"2707","endPage":"2713","ipdsId":"IP-093682","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437939,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7TM79B4","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Body measurements of the exotic invasive Cuban treefrog (Osteopilus septentrionalis) in Louisiana"},{"id":353668,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","city":"New Orleans","otherGeospatial":"Audubon Zoo","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.13591289520264,\n 29.915178359464193\n ],\n [\n -90.12042045593262,\n 29.915178359464193\n ],\n [\n -90.12042045593262,\n 29.93622992067419\n ],\n [\n -90.13591289520264,\n 29.93622992067419\n ],\n [\n -90.13591289520264,\n 29.915178359464193\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-04-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6d3e4b0da30c1bfbe6c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glorioso, Brad M. 0000-0002-5400-7414 gloriosob@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5400-7414","contributorId":4241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glorioso","given":"Brad","email":"gloriosob@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waddle, J. Hardin 0000-0003-1940-2133 waddleh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1940-2133","contributorId":138953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddle","given":"J.","email":"waddleh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Hardin","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Muse, Lindy J.","contributorId":172438,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Muse","given":"Lindy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":27041,"text":"Cherokee at USGS-WARC Lafayette","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jennings, Nicole D.","contributorId":204399,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jennings","given":"Nicole","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Litton, Melanie","contributorId":204400,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Litton","given":"Melanie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36933,"text":"Audubon Nature Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hamilton, Joel","contributorId":204401,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Joel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36933,"text":"Audubon Nature Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gergen, Steven","contributorId":204402,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gergen","given":"Steven","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36933,"text":"Audubon Nature Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Heckard, David","contributorId":204403,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heckard","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36934,"text":"Living Desert Zoo & Gardens State Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70196642,"text":"70196642 - 2018 - Numerical models of pore pressure and stress changes along basement faults due to wastewater injection: Applications to the 2014 Milan, Kansas Earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-21T13:09:45","indexId":"70196642","displayToPublicDate":"2018-04-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1757,"text":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Numerical models of pore pressure and stress changes along basement faults due to wastewater injection: Applications to the 2014 Milan, Kansas Earthquake","docAbstract":"We have developed groundwater flow models to explore the possible relationship between wastewater injection and the 12 November 2014 Mw 4.8 Milan, Kansas earthquake. We calculate pore pressure increases in the uppermost crust using a suite of models in which hydraulic properties of the Arbuckle Formation and the Milan earthquake fault zone, the Milan earthquake hypocenter depth, and fault zone geometry are varied. Given pre‐earthquake injection volumes and reasonable hydrogeologic properties, significantly increasing pore pressure at the Milan hypocenter requires that most flow occur through a conductive channel (i.e., the lower Arbuckle and the fault zone) rather than a conductive 3‐D volume. For a range of reasonable lower Arbuckle and fault zone hydraulic parameters, the modeled pore pressure increase at the Milan hypocenter exceeds a minimum triggering threshold of 0.01 MPa at the time of the earthquake. Critical factors include injection into the base of the Arbuckle Formation and proximity of the injection point to a narrow fault damage zone or conductive fracture in the pre‐Cambrian basement with a hydraulic diffusivity of about 3–30 m2/s. The maximum pore pressure increase we obtain at the Milan hypocenter before the earthquake is 0.06 MPa. This suggests that the Milan earthquake occurred on a fault segment that was critically stressed prior to significant wastewater injection in the area. Given continued wastewater injection into the upper Arbuckle in the Milan region, assessment of the middle Arbuckle as a hydraulic barrier remains an important research priority.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2017GC007194","usgsCitation":"Hearn, E.H., Koltermann, C., and Rubinstein, J.R., 2018, Numerical models of pore pressure and stress changes along basement faults due to wastewater injection: Applications to the 2014 Milan, Kansas Earthquake: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 19, no. 4, p. 1178-1198, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GC007194.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1178","endPage":"1198","ipdsId":"IP-087532","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468814,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017gc007194","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":353667,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -97.3,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -97.3,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -98,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -98,\n 37\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"19","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-04-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6d3e4b0da30c1bfbe6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hearn, Elizabeth H.","contributorId":204395,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hearn","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":36931,"text":"Capstone Geopysics, Portola Valley, California,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koltermann, Christine","contributorId":204396,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koltermann","given":"Christine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36932,"text":"Pegasus Geoscience, Santa Clara, California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rubinstein, Justin R. 0000-0003-1274-6785","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1274-6785","contributorId":204394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubinstein","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70196795,"text":"70196795 - 2018 - Helping decision makers frame, analyze, and implement decisions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-01T15:40:41","indexId":"70196795","displayToPublicDate":"2018-04-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5682,"text":"Decision Point Online","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Helping decision makers frame, analyze, and implement decisions","docAbstract":"Seismic hazard assessments that are based on a variety of data and the best available science, coupled with rapid synthesis of real-time information from continuous monitoring networks to guide post-earthquake response, form a solid foundation for effective earthquake loss reduction. With this in mind, the Earthquake Hazards Program (EHP) of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Natural Hazards Mission Area (NHMA) engages in a variety of undertakings, both established and emergent, in order to provide high quality products that enable stakeholders to take action in advance of and in response to earthquakes. Examples include the National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM), development of tools for improved situational awareness such as earthquake early warning (EEW) and operational earthquake forecasting (OEF), research about induced seismicity, and new efforts to advance comprehensive subduction zone science and monitoring. Geodetic observations provide unique and complementary information directly relevant to advancing many aspects of these efforts (fig. 1). EHP scientists have long leveraged geodetic data for a range of influential studies, and they continue to develop innovative observation and analysis methods that push the boundaries of the field of geodesy as applied to natural hazards research. Given the ongoing, rapid improvement in availability, variety, and precision of geodetic measurements, considering ways to fully utilize this observational resource for earthquake loss reduction is timely and essential. This report presents strategies, and the underlying scientific rationale, by which the EHP could achieve the following outcomes:
A geodesy program that encompasses a balanced mix of activities to sustain missioncritical capabilities, grows new competencies through the continuum of fundamental to applied research, and ensures sufficient resources for these endeavors provides a foundation by which the EHP can be a leader in the application of geodesy to earthquake science. With this in mind the following objectives provide a framework to guide EHP efforts:
Maintaining a vibrant internal research program provides the foundation by which the EHP can remain an effective and trusted source for earthquake science. Exploiting abundant new data sources, evaluating and assimilating the latest science, and pursuing novel avenues of investigation are means to fulfilling the EHP’s core responsibilities and realizing the important scientific advances envisioned by its scientists. Central to the success of such a research program is engaging personnel with a breadth of competencies and a willingness and ability to adapt these to the program’s evolving priorities, enabling current staff to expand their skills and responsibilities, and planning holistically to meet shared workforce needs.
In parallel, collaboration with external partners to support scientific investigations that complement ongoing internal research enables the EHP to strengthen earthquake information products by incorporating alternative perspectives and approaches and to study topics and geographic regions that cannot be adequately covered internally.
With commensurate support from technical staff who possess diverse skills, including engineering, information technology, and proficiency in quantitative analysis combined with basic geophysical knowledge, the EHP can achieve the geodetic outcomes identified in this document.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181037","usgsCitation":"Murray, J.R., Roeloffs, E.A., Brooks, B.A., Langbein, J., Leith, W., Minson, S.E., Svarc, J., and Thatcher, W., 2018, Leveraging geodetic data to reduce losses from earthquakes: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1037, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181037.","productDescription":"vi, 34 p.","numberOfPages":"43","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-089859","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353651,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1037/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":353652,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1037/ofr20181037.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1037"}],"contact":"Contact Information, Menlo Park, Calif.
Office—Earthquake Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road, MS 977
Menlo Park, CA 94025
https://earthquake.usgs.gov/
In 2007, the California Ocean Protection Council initiated the California Seafloor Mapping Program (CSMP), designed to create a comprehensive seafloor map of high-resolution bathymetry, marine benthic habitats, and geology within the 3-nautical-mile limit of California’s State Waters. The CSMP approach is to create highly detailed seafloor maps through collection, integration, interpretation, and visualization of swath sonar data, acoustic backscatter, seafloor video, seafloor photography, high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles, and bottom-sediment sampling data. The map products display seafloor morphology and character, identify potential marine benthic habitats, and illustrate both the surficial seafloor geology and shallow subsurface geology.
The Offshore of Point Conception map area is in the westernmost part of the Western Transverse Ranges geologic province, which is north of the California Continental Borderland. Significant clockwise rotation—at least 90°—since the early Miocene has been proposed for the Western Transverse Ranges province, and this region is presently undergoing north-south shortening. The offshore part of the map area lies south of the steep south and west flanks of the Santa Ynez Mountains. The crest of the range, which has a maximum elevation of about 340 m in the map area, lies about 5 km north and east of the arcuate shoreline.
The onland part of the coastal zone is remote and sparsely populated. The road to Jalama Beach County Park provides the only public coastal access in the entire map area. North of this county park, the coastal zone is part of Vandenberg Air Force Base. South of Jalama Beach County Park, most of the coastal zone is part of the Cojo-Jalama Ranch, purchased by the Nature Conservancy in December 2017. A relatively small part of the coastal zone in the eastern part of the map area lies within the privately owned Hollister Ranch. The nearest significant commercial centers are Lompoc (population, about 42,000), about 10 km north of the map area, and Goleta (population, about 30,000), about 50 km east of the map area. The Union Pacific railroad tracks run west and northwest along the coast through the entire map area, within a few hundred meters of the shoreline. The map area has a long history of petroleum exploration, and the seafloor notably includes large asphalt mounds and pockmarks that result from petroleum seepage. Several offshore gas and oil fields were discovered, and some were developed, in and on the margin of California’s State Waters.
Much of the shoreline in the Offshore of Point Conception map area is characterized by narrow beaches that have thin sediment cover above bedrock platforms, backed by low (10- to 20-m-high) cliffs that are capped by a coastal terrace. Beaches are subject to wave erosion during winter storms, followed by gradual sediment recovery or accretion in the late spring, summer, and fall months during the gentler wave climate. The map area lies in the west-central part of the Santa Barbara littoral cell, which is characterized by west-to-east transport of sediment from Point Arguello on the northwest to Hueneme and Mugu Canyons on the southeast. Sediment supply to the map area is mainly from relatively small coastal watersheds, including the Jalama Creek–Espada Creek drainage basin (about 63 km2), as well as Cañada del Jolloru, Black Canyon, Wood Canyon, Cañada del Cojo, and Barranca Honda. Coastal-watershed discharge and sediment load are highly variable, characterized by brief large events during major winter storms and long periods of low (or no) flow and minimal sediment load between storms. In recent (recorded) history, the majority of high-discharge, high-sediment-flux events have been associated with El Niño phases of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation climatic pattern.
Following the coastline, the shelf bends to the north and northwest around Point Conception, and the trend of the shelf break changes from about 298° to 241° azimuth. Shelf width ranges from about 5 km south of Point Conception to about 11 km northwest of it; the slope ranges from about 1.0° to 1.2° to about 0.7° south and northwest of Point Conception, respectively. Southwest of Point Conception, the shelf break and upper slope are incised by a 600-m-wide, 20- to 30-m-deep, south-facing trough, one of five heads of the informally named Arguello submarine canyon.
The map area is located at a major biogeographic transition zone between the east-west-trending Santa Barbara Channel region of the Southern California Bight and the northwest-trending central California coast. North of Point Conception, the coast is subjected to high wave exposure from the north, west, and south, as well as consistently strong upwelling that brings cold, nutrient-rich waters to the surface. Southeast of Point Conception, the Santa Barbara Channel is largely protected from strong north swells by Point Conception and from south swells by the Channel Islands; surface waters are warmer, and upwelling is weak and seasonal.
Seafloor habitats in the broad Santa Barbara Channel region consist of significant amounts of soft, unconsolidated sediment interspersed with isolated areas of rocky habitat that support kelp-forest communities in the nearshore and rocky-reef communities in deeper water. The potential marine benthic habitat types mapped in the Offshore of Point Conception map area are directly related to its Quaternary geologic history, geomorphology, and active sedimentary processes. These potential habitats lie primarily within the Shelf (continental shelf) but also partly within the Flank (basin flank or continental slope) megahabitats. The fairly homogeneous seafloor of sediment and low-relief bedrock provides characteristic habitat for rockfish, groundfish, crabs, shrimp, and other marine benthic organisms. Several areas of smooth sediment form nearshore terraces that have relatively steep, smooth fronts, which are attractive to groundfish. Below the steep shelf break, soft, unconsolidated sediment is interrupted by the heads of several submarine canyons, gullies, and rills, also good potential habitat for rockfish. The map area includes the large (58.3 km2) Point Conception State Marine Reserve.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181024","usgsCitation":"Johnson, S.Y., Dartnell, P., Cochrane, G.R., Hartwell, S.R., Golden, N.E., Kvitek, R.G., and Davenport, C.W. (S.Y. Johnson and S.A. Cochran, eds.), 2018, California State Waters Map Series— Offshore of Point Conception, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1024, pamphlet 36 p., 9 sheets, scale 1:24,000, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181024.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: iv, 36 p.; 9 Sheets: 55.0 x 36.0 inches or smaller; Dataset; Metadata","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-082855","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437940,"rank":23,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7QN64XQ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series Data Catalog--Offshore of Point Conception, California"},{"id":353525,"rank":9,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1024/ofr20181024_sheet8.pdf","text":"Sheet 8","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1024 Sheet 8","linkHelpText":"Local (Offshore of Point Conception Map Area) and Regional (Offshore from Point Conception to Hueneme Canyon) Shallow-Subsurface Geology and Structure, Santa Barbara Channel, California By Samuel Y. Johnson and Stephen R. Hartwell"},{"id":353524,"rank":8,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1024/ofr20181024_sheet7.pdf","text":"Sheet 7","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1024 Sheet 7","linkHelpText":"Seismic-Reflection Profiles, Offshore of Point Conception Map Area, California By Samuel Y. Johnson and Stephen R. Hartwell"},{"id":353532,"rank":16,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3302","text":"Scientific Investigations Map 3302","description":"Scientific Investigations Map 3302","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of Coal Oil Point, California, by Sam Y. Johnson and others."},{"id":353531,"rank":15,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3319","text":"Scientific Investigations Map 3319","description":"Scientific Investigations Map 3319","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of Refugio Beach, California, by Sam Y. Johnson and others."},{"id":353530,"rank":14,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181023","text":"Open-File Report 2018–1023","description":"Open-File Report 2018–1023","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of Gaviota, California, by Sam Y. Johnson and others."},{"id":353528,"rank":12,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7QN64XQ","text":"Data Catalog","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2018-1024 Data Catalog","linkHelpText":"The GIS data layers for this map are accessible from “California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of Point Conception, California” which is part of California State Waters Map Series Data Catalog. Each GIS data file is listed with a brief description, a small image, and links to the metadata files and the downloadable data files."},{"id":353526,"rank":10,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1024/ofr20181024_sheet9.pdf","text":"Sheet 9","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1024 Sheet 9","linkHelpText":"Offshore and Onshore Geology and Geomorphology, Offshore of Point Conception Map Area, California By Samuel Y. Johnson, Stephen R. Hartwell, and Clifton W. Davenport"},{"id":353529,"rank":13,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/","text":"Data Series 781","description":"Data Series 781","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series Data Catalog"},{"id":353523,"rank":7,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1024/ofr20181024_sheet6.pdf","text":"Sheet 6","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1024 Sheet 6","linkHelpText":"Marine Benthic Habitats from the Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard, Offshore of Point Conception Map Area, California By Guy R. Cochrane, Stephen R. Hartwell, and Samuel Y. Johnson"},{"id":353535,"rank":19,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3254/","text":"Scientific Investigations Map 3254","description":"Scientific Investigations Map 3254","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of Ventura, California, by Sam Y. Johnson and others."},{"id":353534,"rank":18,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3261/","text":"Scientific Investigations Map 3261","description":"Scientific Investigations Map 3261","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of Carpinteria, California, by Sam Y. Johnson and others."},{"id":353533,"rank":17,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3281","text":"Scientific Investigations Map 3281","description":"Scientific Investigations Map 3281","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of Santa Barbara, California, by Sam Y. Johnson and others."},{"id":399118,"rank":22,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_107162.htm"},{"id":353555,"rank":21,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1024/ofr20181024_metadata.html","text":"Metadata","description":"OFR 2018-1024 Metadata"},{"id":353536,"rank":20,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3225/","text":"Scientific Investigations Map 3225","description":"Scientific Investigations Map 3225","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series—Hueneme Canyon and Vicinity, California, by Sam Y. Johnson and others."},{"id":353527,"rank":11,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1024/ofr20181024_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1024 Pamphlet"},{"id":353522,"rank":6,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1024/ofr20181024_sheet5.pdf","text":"Sheet 5","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1024 Sheet 5","linkHelpText":"Seafloor Character, Offshore of Point Conception Map Area, California By Stephen R. Hartwell and Guy R. Cochrane"},{"id":353521,"rank":5,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1024/ofr20181024_sheet4.pdf","text":"Sheet 4","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1024 Sheet 4","linkHelpText":"Data Integration and Visualization, Offshore of Point Conception Map Area, California By Peter Dartnell"},{"id":353520,"rank":4,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1024/ofr20181024_sheet3.pdf","text":"Sheet 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1024 Sheet 3","linkHelpText":"Acoustic Backscatter, Offshore of Point Conception Map Area, California By Peter Dartnell and Rikk G. Kvitek"},{"id":353519,"rank":3,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1024/ofr20181024_sheet2.pdf","text":"Sheet 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1024 Sheet 2","linkHelpText":"Shaded-Relief Bathymetry, Offshore of Point Conception Map Area, California By Peter Dartnell and Rikk G. Kvitek"},{"id":353518,"rank":2,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1024/ofr20181024_sheet1.pdf","text":"Sheet 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1024 Sheet 1","linkHelpText":"Colored Shaded-Relief Bathymetry, Offshore of Point Conception Map Area, California By Peter Dartnell and Rikk G. Kvitek"},{"id":353517,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1024/coverthb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Point Conception","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.5636,\n 34.3917\n ],\n [\n -120.3717,\n 34.3917\n ],\n [\n -120.3717,\n 34.5422\n ],\n [\n -120.5636,\n 34.5422\n ],\n [\n -120.5636,\n 34.3917\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Contact Information
Pacific Coastal & Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Pacific Science Center
2885 Mission St.
Santa Cruz, CA 95060
http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/
In 2007, the California Ocean Protection Council initiated the California Seafloor Mapping Program (CSMP), designed to create a comprehensive seafloor map of high-resolution bathymetry, marine benthic habitats, and geology within the 3-nautical-mile limit of California’s State Waters. The CSMP approach is to create highly detailed seafloor maps through collection, integration, interpretation, and visualization of swath sonar data, acoustic backscatter, seafloor video, seafloor photography, high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles, and bottom-sediment sampling data. The map products display seafloor morphology and character, identify potential marine benthic habitats, and illustrate both the surficial seafloor geology and shallow subsurface geology.
The map area is in the southern part of the Western Transverse Ranges geologic province, which is north of the California Continental Borderland. Significant clockwise rotation—at least 90°—since the early Miocene has been proposed for the Western Transverse Ranges province, and the region is presently undergoing north-south shortening. The offshore part of the map area lies south of the steep south flank of the Santa Ynez Mountains. The crest of the range, which has a maximum elevation of about 760 m in the map area, lies about 4 km north of the shoreline.
Gaviota is an unincorporated community that has a sparse population (less than 100), and the coastal zone is largely open space that is locally used for cattle grazing. The Union Pacific railroad tracks extend westward along the coast through the entire map area, within a few hundred meters of the shoreline. Highway 101 crosses the eastern part of the map area, also along the coast, then turns north (inland) and travels through Cañada de la Gaviota and Gaviota Pass en route to Buellton. Gaviota State Park lies at the mouth of Cañada de la Gaviota. West of Gaviota, the onland coastal zone is occupied by the Hollister Ranch, a privately owned, gated community that has no public access.
The map area has a long history of petroleum exploration and development. Several offshore gas fields were discovered and were developed by onshore directional drilling in the 1950s and 1960s. Three offshore petroleum platforms were installed in adjacent federal waters in 1976 (platform “Honda”) and 1989 (platforms “Heritage” and “Harmony”). Local offshore and onshore operations were serviced for more than a century by the Gaviota marine terminal, which is currently being decommissioned and will be abandoned in an intended transition to public open space.
The Offshore of Gaviota map area lies within the western Santa Barbara Channel region of the Southern California Bight, and it is somewhat protected from large Pacific swells from the north and northwest by Point Conception and from south and southwest swells by offshore islands and banks. Much of the shoreline in the map area is characterized by narrow beaches that have thin sediment cover, backed by low (10- to 20-m-high) cliffs that are capped by a narrow coastal terrace. Beaches are subject to wave erosion during winter storms, followed by gradual sediment recovery or accretion in the late spring, summer, and fall months during the gentler wave climate.
The map area lies in the western-central part of the Santa Barbara littoral cell, which is characterized by west-to-east transport of sediment from Point Arguello on the northwest to Hueneme and Mugu Canyons on the southeast. Sediment supply to the western and central part of the littoral cell is mainly from relatively small coastal watersheds. In the map area, sediment sources include Cañada de la Gaviota (52 km2), as well as Cañada de la Llegua, Arroyo el Bulito, Cañada de Santa Anita, Cañada de Alegria, Cañada del Agua Caliente, Cañada del Barro, Cañada del Leon, Cañada San Onofre, and many others. Coastal-watershed discharge and sediment load are highly variable, characterized by brief large events during major winter storms and long periods of low (or no) flow and minimal sediment load between storms. In recent (recorded) history, the majority of high-discharge, high-sediment-flux events have been associated with El Niño phases of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation climatic pattern.
Shelf width in the Offshore of Gaviota map area ranges from about 4.3 to 4.7 km, and shelf slopes average about 1.0° to 1.2° but are highly variable because of the presence of the large Gaviota sediment bar. This bar extends southwestward for about 9 km from the mouth of Cañada de la Gaviota to the shelf break, is as wide as 2 km, and is by far the largest shore-attached sediment bar in the Santa Barbara Channel. The shelf is underlain by bedrock and variable amounts (0 to as much as 36 m in the Gaviota bar) of upper Quaternary sediments deposited as sea level fluctuated in the late Pleistocene. The trend of the shelf break changes from about 276° to 236° azimuth over a distance of about 12 km, and it ranges in depth from about 91 m to as shallow as 62 to 73 m where significant shelf-break and upper-slope failure and landsliding has apparently occurred. The shelf break in the western part of the map area is notably embayed by the heads of three large (150- to 300-m-wide) channels that have been referred to as “the Gaviota Canyons” or as “Drake Canyon,” “Sacate Canyon,” and “Alegria Canyon.”
Seafloor habitats in the broad Santa Barbara Channel region consist of significant amounts of soft, unconsolidated sediment interspersed with isolated areas of rocky habitat that support kelp-forest communities in the nearshore and rocky-reef communities in deeper water. The potential marine benthic habitat types mapped in the Offshore of Gaviota map area are directly related to its Quaternary geologic history, geomorphology, and active sedimentary processes. These potential habitats lie primarily within the Shelf (continental shelf) but also partly within the Flank (basin flank or continental slope) megahabitats. The fairly homogeneous seafloor of sediment and low-relief bedrock provides characteristic habitat for rockfish, groundfish, crabs, shrimp, and other marine benthic organisms. Several areas of smooth sediment form nearshore terraces that have relatively steep, smooth fronts, which may be attractive to groundfish. Below the steep shelf break, soft, unconsolidated sediment is interrupted by the heads of several submarine canyons and rills, some bedrock exposures, and small carbonate mounds associated with asphalt mounds and pockmarks, also good potential habitat for rockfish. The map area includes the relatively small (5.2 km2) Kashtayit State Marine Conservation Area, which largely occupies the inner part of the Gaviota sediment bar.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181023","usgsCitation":"Johnson, S.Y., Dartnell, P., Cochrane, G.R., Hartwell, S.R., Golden, N.E., Kvitek, R.G., and Davenport, C.W. (S.Y. Johnson and S.A. Cochran, eds.), 2018, California State Waters Map Series— Offshore of Gaviota, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1023, pamphlet 41 p., 9 sheets, scale 1:24,000, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181023.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: iv, 41 p.; 9 Sheets: 52.0 x 36.0 inches or smaller; Dataset; Metadata","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-082722","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437941,"rank":23,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7TH8JWJ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series Data Catalog--Offshore of Gaviota, California"},{"id":399119,"rank":22,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_107161.htm"},{"id":353556,"rank":21,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1023/ofr20181023_metadata.html","text":"Metadata","description":"OFR 2018-1023 Metadata"},{"id":353516,"rank":20,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1023/ofr20181023_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1023 Pamphlet"},{"id":353515,"rank":19,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7TH8JWJ","text":"Data Catalog","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2018-1023 Data Catalog","linkHelpText":"The GIS data layers for this map are accessible from “California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of Gaviota, California” which is part of California State Waters Map Series Data Catalog. Each GIS data file is listed with a brief description, a small image, and links to the metadata files and the downloadable data files."},{"id":353514,"rank":18,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3225/","text":"Scientific Investigations Map 3225","description":"Scientific Investigations Map 3225","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series—Hueneme Canyon and Vicinity, California, by Sam Y. Johnson and others."},{"id":353513,"rank":17,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3254/","text":"Scientific Investigations Map 3254","description":"Scientific Investigations Map 3254","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of Ventura, California, by Sam Y. Johnson and others."},{"id":353511,"rank":15,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3281","text":"Scientific Investigations Map 3281","description":"Scientific Investigations Map 3281","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of Santa Barbara, California, by Sam Y. Johnson and others."},{"id":353510,"rank":14,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3302","text":"Scientific Investigations Map 3302","description":"Scientific Investigations Map 3302","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of Coal Oil Point, California, by Sam Y. Johnson and others."},{"id":353501,"rank":5,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1023/ofr20181023_sheet5.pdf","text":"Sheet 5","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1023 Sheet 5","linkHelpText":"Seafloor Character, Offshore of Gaviota Map Area, California By Stephen R. Hartwell and Guy R. Cochrane"},{"id":353500,"rank":4,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1023/ofr20181023_sheet4.pdf","text":"Sheet 4","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1023 Sheet 4","linkHelpText":"Data Integration and Visualization, Offshore of Gaviota Map Area, California By Peter Dartnell"},{"id":353499,"rank":3,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1023/ofr20181023_sheet3.pdf","text":"Sheet 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1023 Sheet 3","linkHelpText":"Acoustic Backscatter, Offshore of Gaviota Map Area, California By Peter Dartnell and Rikk G. Kvitek"},{"id":353498,"rank":2,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1023/ofr20181023_sheet2.pdf","text":"Sheet 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1023 Sheet 2","linkHelpText":"Shaded-Relief Bathymetry, Offshore of Gaviota Map Area, California By Peter Dartnell and Rikk G. Kvitek"},{"id":353497,"rank":1,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1023/ofr20181023_sheet1.pdf","text":"Sheet 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1023 Sheet 1","linkHelpText":"Colored Shaded-Relief Bathymetry, Offshore of Gaviota Map Area, California By Peter Dartnell and Rikk G. Kvitek"},{"id":353512,"rank":16,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3261/","text":"Scientific Investigations Map 3261","description":"Scientific Investigations Map 3261","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of Carpinteria, California, by Sam Y. Johnson and others."},{"id":353509,"rank":13,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3319","text":"Scientific Investigations Map 3319","description":"Scientific Investigations Map 3319","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of Refugio Beach, California, by Sam Y. Johnson and others."},{"id":353508,"rank":12,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181024","text":"Open-File Report 2018–1024","description":"Open-File Report 2018–1024","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of Point Conception, California, by Sam Y. Johnson and others."},{"id":353507,"rank":11,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/","text":"Data Series 781","description":"Data Series 781","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series Data Catalog"},{"id":353505,"rank":9,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1023/ofr20181023_sheet9.pdf","text":"Sheet 9","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1023 Sheet 9","linkHelpText":"Offshore and Onshore Geology and Geomorphology, Offshore of Gaviota Map Area, California By Stephen R. Hartwell, Samuel Y. Johnson, and Clifton W. Davenport"},{"id":353504,"rank":8,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1023/ofr20181023_sheet8.pdf","text":"Sheet 8","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1023 Sheet 8","linkHelpText":"Local (Offshore of Gaviota Map Area) and Regional (Offshore from Point Conception to Hueneme Canyon) Shallow-Subsurface Geology and Structure, Santa Barbara Channel, California By Samuel Y. Johnson and Stephen R. Hartwell"},{"id":353503,"rank":7,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1023/ofr20181023_sheet7.pdf","text":"Sheet 7","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1023 Sheet 7","linkHelpText":"Seismic-Reflection Profiles, Offshore of Gaviota Map Area, California By Samuel Y. Johnson and Stephen R. Hartwell"},{"id":353502,"rank":6,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1023/ofr20181023_sheet6.pdf","text":"Sheet 6","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1023 Sheet 6","linkHelpText":"Marine Benthic Habitats from the Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard, Offshore of Gaviota Map Area, California By Guy R. Cochrane, Stephen R. Hartwell, and Samuel Y. Johnson"},{"id":353506,"rank":10,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1023/coverthb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Gaviota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.3753,\n 34.4056\n ],\n [\n -120.1833,\n 34.4056\n ],\n [\n -120.1833,\n 34.5425\n ],\n [\n -120.3753,\n 34.5425\n ],\n [\n -120.3753,\n 34.4056\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Contact Information
Pacific Coastal & Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Pacific Science Center
2885 Mission St.
Santa Cruz, CA 95060
http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/
The bedrock geologic map of the Lisbon quadrangle, and parts of the Sugar Hill and East Haverhill quadrangles, Grafton County, New Hampshire, covers an area of approximately 73 square miles (189 square kilometers) in west-central New Hampshire. This map was created as part of a larger effort to produce a new bedrock geologic map of Vermont through the collection of field data at a scale of 1:24,000. A large part of the map area consists of the Bronson Hill anticlinorium, a post-Early Devonian structure that is cored by metamorphosed Cambrian to Devonian sedimentary, volcanic, and plutonic rocks.
The Bronson Hill anticlinorium is the apex of the Middle Ordovician to earliest-Silurian Bronson Hill magmatic arc that contains the Ammonoosuc Volcanics, Partridge Formation, and Oliverian Plutonic Suite, and extends from Maine, through western New Hampshire (down the eastern side of the Connecticut River), through southern New England to Long Island Sound. The deformed and partially eroded arc is locally overlain by a relatively thin Silurian section of metasedimentary rocks (Clough Quartzite and Fitch Formation) that thickens to the east. The Silurian section near Littleton is disconformably overlain by a thicker, Lower Devonian section that includes mostly metasedimentary and minor metavolcanic rocks of the Littleton Formation. The Bronson Hill anticlinorium is bisected by a series of northeast-southwest trending Mesozoic normal faults. Primarily among them is the steeply northwest-dipping Ammonoosuc fault that divides older and younger units (lower and upper sections) of the Ammonoosuc Volcanics. The Ammonoosuc Volcanics are lithologically complex and predominantly include interlayered and interfingered rhyolitic to basaltic volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks, as well as lesser amounts of slate, phyllite, ironstone, chert, sandstone, and pelite. The Albee Formation underlies the Ammonoosuc Volcanics and is predominantly composed of interbedded metamorphosed sandstone, siltstone, and phyllite.
During the Late Ordovician, a series of arc-related plutons intruded the Ammonoosuc Volcanics including the Moody Ledge pluton and the Scrag granite of Billings (1937). Subsequent plutonism related to the Acadian orogeny occurred after volcanism and deposition resulted in the Littleton Formation during the Late Devonian, including the intrusion of the Haverhill pluton and French Pond Granite found in the southern part of the map.
This report consists of a geologic map and an online geographic information systems database that includes contacts of bedrock geologic units, faults, outcrops, and structural geologic information. The geologic map is intended to serve as a foundation for applying geologic information to problems involving land use decisions, groundwater availability and quality, earth resources such as natural aggregate for construction, assessment of natural hazards, and engineering and environmental studies for waste disposal sites and construction projects.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181016","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Vermont, Vermont Agency of Natural Resources, Vermont Geological Survey, and the State of New Hampshire, Department of Environmental Services, New Hampshire Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Rankin, D.W., 2018, Bedrock geologic map of the Lisbon quadrangle, and parts of the Sugar Hill and East Haverhill quadrangles, Grafton County, New Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1016, 1 sheet, scale 1:24,000, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181016.","productDescription":"1 Sheet: 34.66 x 37.08 inches; Databases; Metadata; Spatial Data","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-082431","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":399117,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_107159.htm"},{"id":353552,"rank":6,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1016/metadata/ofr20181016_lisbonnh-metadata.zip","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":"- Lisbon, New Hampshire, Metadata"},{"id":353550,"rank":5,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1016/metadata/ofr20181016_lisbonnh.gdb.zip","text":"Database","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":"- Lisbon, New Hampshire, Geodatabase"},{"id":353549,"rank":4,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1016/metadata/ofr20181016_lisbonnh-basemap.zip","text":"Base Map","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":"- Lisbon, New Hampshire, Base Map"},{"id":353551,"rank":3,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1016/metadata/ofr20181016_lisbonnh-geologicmap.mxd","text":"Geologic Map (ArcGIS 10.5)","linkHelpText":"- Lisbon, New Hampshire, Geologic Map"},{"id":353540,"rank":2,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1016/ofr20181016_lisbon-geologic-map.pdf","text":"Geologic Map","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1016"},{"id":353539,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1016/coverthb2.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"New Hampshire","county":"Grafton County","otherGeospatial":"Lisbon quadrangle, Sugar Hill and East Haverhill quadrangles","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -71.75,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -71.75,\n 44.25\n ],\n [\n -72,\n 44.25\n ],\n [\n -72,\n 44\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate
Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
926A National Center
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
The bedrock geologic map of the Miles Pond and Concord quadrangles covers an area of approximately 107 square miles (276 square kilometers) in east-central Vermont and adjacent New Hampshire, north of and along the Connecticut River. This map was created as part of a larger effort to produce a new bedrock geologic map of Vermont through the collection of field data at a scale of 1:24,000. The majority of the map area consists of the Bronson Hill anticlinorium, a post-Early Devonian structure that is cored by metamorphosed Cambrian to Silurian sedimentary, volcanic, and plutonic rocks. A major feature on the map is the Monroe fault, interpreted to be a west-directed, steeply dipping Late Devonian (Acadian) thrust fault. To the west of the Monroe fault, rocks of the Connecticut Valley-Gaspé trough dominate and consist primarily of metamorphosed Silurian and Devonian sedimentary rocks. To the north, the Victory pluton intrudes the Bronson Hill anticlinorium. The Bronson Hill anticlinorium consists of the metamorphosed Albee Formation, the Ammonoosuc Volcanics, the Comerford Intrusive Complex, the Highlandcroft Granodiorite, and the Joselin Turn tonalite. The Albee Formation is an interlayered, feldspathic metasandstone and pelite that is locally sulfidic. Much of the deformed metasandstone is tectonically pinstriped. In places, one can see compositional layering that was transposed by a steeply southeast-dipping foliation. The Ammonoosuc Volcanics are lithologically complex and predominantly include interlayered and interfingered rhyolitic to basaltic volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks, as well as lesser amounts of siltstone, phyllite, graywacke, and grit. The Comerford Intrusive Complex crops out east of the Monroe fault and consists of metamorphosed gabbro, diorite, tonalite, aplitic tonalite, and crosscutting diabase dikes. Abundant mafic dikes from the Comerford Intrusive Complex intruded the Albee Formation and Ammonoosuc Volcanics east of the Monroe fault. The Highlandcroft Granodiorite and Joslin Turn tonalite plutons intruded during the Middle to Late Ordovician.
West of the Monroe fault, the Connecticut Valley-Gaspé trough consists of the Silurian and Devonian Waits River and Gile Mountain Formations. The Waits River Formation is a carbonaceous muscovite-biotite-quartz (±garnet) phyllite containing abundant beds of micaceous quartz-rich limestone. The Gile Mountain Formation consists of interlayered metasandstone and graphitic (and commonly sulfidic) slate, along with minor calcareous metasandstone and ironstone. Graded bedding is common in the Gile Mountain Formation. Rocks of the Devonian New Hampshire Plutonic Suite intruded as plutons, dikes, and sills. The largest of these is the Victory pluton, which consists of weakly foliated, biotite granite and granodiorite. The Victory pluton also intruded a large part of the Albee Formation to the north.
This report consists of a geologic map and an online geographic information systems database that includes contacts of bedrock geologic units, faults, outcrops, and structural geologic information. The geologic map is intended to serve as a foundation for applying geologic information to problems involving land use decisions, groundwater availability and quality, earth resources such as natural aggregate for construction, assessment of natural hazards, and engineering and environmental studies for waste disposal sites and construction projects.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181025","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Vermont, Vermont Agency of Natural Resources, Vermont Geological Survey, and the State of New Hampshire, Department of Environmental Services, New Hampshire Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Rankin, D.W., 2018, Bedrock geologic map of the Miles Pond and Concord quadrangles, Essex and Caledonia Counties, Vermont, and Grafton County, New Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1025, 1 sheet, scale 1:24,000, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181025.","productDescription":"1 Sheet: 34.47 x 40.58 inches; Databases; Metadata; Spatial Data","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-081110","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353546,"rank":3,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1025/metadata/ofr20181025_milespond-concordnh-geologicmap.mxd","text":"Geologic Map (ArcGIS 10.5)","linkHelpText":"- Miles Pond and Concord, Vermont, and New Hampshire, Geologic Map"},{"id":353538,"rank":2,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1025/ofr20181025_concord-miles-pond-geologicmap10.pdf","text":"Geologic Map","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1025"},{"id":399116,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_107158.htm"},{"id":353547,"rank":6,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1025/metadata/ofr20181025_milespond-concordnh-metadata.zip","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":"- Miles Pond and Concord, Vermont, and New Hampshire, Metadata"},{"id":353545,"rank":5,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1025/metadata/ofr20181025_milespond-concordnh.gdb.zip","text":"Database","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":"- Miles Pond and Concord, Vermont, and New Hampshire, Geodatabase"},{"id":353544,"rank":4,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1025/metadata/ofr20181025_milespond-concordnh-basemap.zip","text":"Base Map","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":"- Miles Pond and Concord, Vermont, and New Hampshire, Base Map"},{"id":353537,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1025/coverthb3.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"New Hampshire, Vermont","county":"Caledonia County, Essex County, Grafton County","otherGeospatial":"Miles Pond and Concord quadrangles","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72,\n 44.375\n ],\n [\n -71.75,\n 44.375\n ],\n [\n -71.75,\n 44.5\n ],\n [\n -72,\n 44.5\n ],\n [\n -72,\n 44.375\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate
Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
926A National Center
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
The collection of high-frequency (in other words, “continuous”) water data has been made easier over the years because of advances in technologies to measure, transmit, store, and query large, temporally dense datasets. Commercially available, in-situ sensors and data-collection platforms—together with new techniques for data analysis—provide an opportunity to monitor water quantity and quality at time scales during which meaningful changes occur. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Continuous Monitoring Workshop was held to build stronger collaboration within the Water Mission Area on the collection, interpretation, and application of continuous monitoring data; share technical approaches for the collection and management of continuous data that improves consistency and efficiency across the USGS; and explore techniques and tools for the interpretation of continuous monitoring data, which increases the value to cooperators and the public. The workshop was organized into three major themes: Collecting Continuous Data, Understanding and Using Continuous Data, and Observing and Delivering Continuous Data in the Future. Presentations each day covered a variety of related topics, with a special session at the end of each day designed to bring discussion and problem solving to the forefront.
The workshop brought together more than 70 USGS scientists and managers from across the Water Mission Area and Water Science Centers. Tools to manage, assure, control quality, and explore large streams of continuous water data are being developed by the USGS and other organizations and will be critical to making full use of these high-frequency data for research and monitoring. Disseminating continuous monitoring data and findings relevant to critical cooperator and societal issues is central to advancing the USGS networks and mission. Several important outcomes emerged from the presentations and breakout sessions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181059","usgsCitation":"Sullivan, D.J., Joiner, J.K., Caslow, K.A., Landers, M.N., Pellerin, B.A., Rasmussen, P.P., and Sheets, R.A., 2018, U.S. Geological Survey continuous monitoring workshop—Workshop summary report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1059, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181059.","productDescription":"iv, 29 p.","numberOfPages":"33","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-092143","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353586,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1059/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":353587,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1059/ofr20181059.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.01 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1059"}],"contact":"Director, Upper Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8505 Research Way
Middleton, WI 53562
The waveforms generated by the 2014 Long Valley Caldera earthquake swarm recorded at station MLH show clear reflected waves that are often stronger than direct P and S waves. With waveform analyses, we discover that these waves are reflected at the top of a low-velocity body, which may be residual magma from the ∼767 ka caldera-forming eruption. The polarity of the reflection compared to direct P and S waves suggests that the reflection is SP waves (S from hypocenters to reflector and then convert to P waves to the surface). Because the wavefields are coherent among different earthquakes and hold high signal-to-noise ratios, we apply them to a wavefield migration method for imaging reflectors. The depth of the imaged magmatic system roof is around 8.2 km below the surface. This is consistent with previous studies. Even though we use only one station and waveforms from one earthquake swarm, the dense cluster of accurately located earthquakes provides a high-resolution image of the roof.
We surveyed for Least Bell’s Vireos (LBVI) (Vireo bellii pusillus) and Southwestern Willow Flycatchers (SWFL) (Empidonax traillii extimus) along the San Luis Rey River, between College Boulevard in Oceanside and Interstate 15 in Fallbrook, California (middle San Luis Rey River), in 2017. Surveys were conducted from April 13 to July 11 (LBVI) and from May 16 to July 28 (SWFL). We found 146 LBVI territories, at least 107 of which were occupied by pairs. Five additional transient LBVIs were detected. LBVIs used five different habitat types in the survey area: mixed willow, willow-cottonwood, willow-sycamore, riparian scrub, and upland scrub. Forty-four percent of the LBVIs occurred in habitat characterized as mixed willow and 89 percent of the LBVI territories occurred in areas with greater than 50 percent native plant cover. Of 16 banded LBVIs detected in the survey area, 8 had been given full color-band combinations prior to 2017. Four other LBVIs with single (natal) federal bands were recaptured and banded in 2017. Three LBVIs with single dark blue federal bands indicating that they were banded as nestlings on the lower San Luis Rey River and one LBVI with a single gold federal band indicating that it was banded as a nestling on Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton (MCBCP) could not be recaptured for identification. One banded LBVI emigrated from the middle San Luis Rey River to the lower San Luis Rey River in 2017.
One resident SWFL territory and one transient Willow Flycatcher of unknown subspecies (WIFL) were observed in the survey area in 2017. The resident SWFL territory, which was comprised of mixed willow habitat (5–50 percent native plant cover), was occupied by a single male from May 22 to June 21, 2017. No evidence of pairing or nesting activity was observed. The SWFL male was banded with a full color-combination indicating that he was originally banded as a nestling on the middle San Luis Rey River in 2014 and successfully bred in the survey area in 2016. The male SWFL left the middle San Luis Rey River after June 21, 2017 and subsequently was detected on the San Dieguito River on June 26, 2017, by USGS biologists. The transient WIFL was detected on May 30, 2017, in mixed willow habitat comprised of 50–95 percent of native plant cover.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds1082","usgsCitation":"Allen, L.D., Howell, S.L., and Kus, B.E., 2018, Distribution and abundance of Least Bell’s Vireos (Vireo bellii pusillus) and Southwestern Willow Flycatchers (Empidonax traillii extimus) on the Middle San Luis Rey River, San Diego County, southern California—2017 data summary: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1082, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1082.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-094720","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353635,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1082/ds1082.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 1082"},{"id":353634,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1082/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Diego County","otherGeospatial":"Middle San Luis Rey River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.30016708374022,\n 33.24859375258743\n ],\n [\n -117.15854644775389,\n 33.24859375258743\n ],\n [\n -117.15854644775389,\n 33.32421729380816\n ],\n [\n -117.30016708374022,\n 33.32421729380816\n ],\n [\n -117.30016708374022,\n 33.24859375258743\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819
Constraining coral reef metabolism and carbon chemistry dynamics are fundamental for understanding and predicting reef vulnerability to rising coastal CO2 concentrations and decreasing seawater pH. However, few studies exist along reefs occupying densely inhabited shorelines with known input from land-based sources of pollution. The shallow coral reefs off Kahekili, West Maui, are exposed to nutrient-enriched, low-pH submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) and are particularly vulnerable to the compounding stressors from land-based sources of pollution and lower seawater pH. To constrain the carbonate chemistry system, nutrients and carbonate chemistry were measured along the Kahekili reef flat every 4 h over a 6-d sampling period in March 2016. Abiotic process – primarily SGD fluxes – controlled the carbonate chemistry adjacent to the primary SGD vent site, with nutrient-laden freshwater decreasing pH levels and favoring undersaturated aragonite saturation (Ωarag) conditions. In contrast, diurnal variability in the carbonate chemistry at other sites along the reef flat was driven by reef community metabolism. Superimposed on the diurnal signal was a transition during the second sampling period to a surplus of total alkalinity (TA) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) compared to ocean end-member TA and DIC measurements. A shift from net community production and calcification to net respiration and carbonate dissolution was identified. This transition occurred during a period of increased SGD-driven nutrient loading, lower wave height, and reduced current speeds. This detailed study of carbon chemistry dynamics highlights the need to incorporate local effects of nearshore oceanographic processes into predictions of coral reef vulnerability and resilience.
","language":"English","publisher":"Copernicus Publications","doi":"10.5194/bg-2018-35","usgsCitation":"Prouty, N.G., Yates, K.K., Smiley, N., Gallagher, C., Cheriton, O., and Storlazzi, C.D., 2018, Carbonate system parameters of an algal-dominated reef along west Maui: Biogeosciences, v. 15, p. 2467-2480, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2018-35.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2467","endPage":"2480","ipdsId":"IP-088330","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468818,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2018-35","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":353620,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Maui","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.6889,\n 20.9361\n ],\n [\n -156.6944,\n 20.9361\n ],\n [\n -156.6944,\n 20.9431\n ],\n [\n -156.6889,\n 20.9431\n ],\n [\n -156.6889,\n 20.9361\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6d8e4b0da30c1bfbe84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prouty, Nancy G. 0000-0002-8922-0688 nprouty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8922-0688","contributorId":3350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prouty","given":"Nancy","email":"nprouty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yates, Kimberly K. 0000-0001-8764-0358 kyates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8764-0358","contributorId":420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yates","given":"Kimberly","email":"kyates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smiley, Nathan A. 0000-0002-5190-6860 nsmiley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5190-6860","contributorId":3907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smiley","given":"Nathan A.","email":"nsmiley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gallagher, Christopher","contributorId":204364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gallagher","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6948,"text":"UC Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cheriton, Olivia 0000-0003-3011-9136 ocheriton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3011-9136","contributorId":149003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheriton","given":"Olivia","email":"ocheriton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490 cstorlazzi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":140584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt","email":"cstorlazzi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70196552,"text":"ofr20181066 - 2018 - Juvenile Lost River and shortnose sucker year class strength, survival, and growth in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, and Clear Lake Reservoir, California—2016 Monitoring Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-23T12:59:59","indexId":"ofr20181066","displayToPublicDate":"2018-04-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-1066","title":"Juvenile Lost River and shortnose sucker year class strength, survival, and growth in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, and Clear Lake Reservoir, California—2016 Monitoring Report","docAbstract":"The largest populations of federally endangered Lost River (Deltistes luxatus) and shortnose suckers (Chasmistes brevirostris) exist in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, and Clear Lake Reservoir, California. Upper Klamath Lake populations are decreasing because adult mortality, which is relatively low, is not being balanced by recruitment of young adult suckers into known spawning aggregations. Most Upper Klamath Lake juvenile sucker mortality appears to occur within the first year of life. Annual production of juvenile suckers in Clear Lake Reservoir appears to be highly variable and may not occur at all in very dry years. However, juvenile sucker survival is much higher in Clear Lake, with non-trivial numbers of suckers surviving to join spawning aggregations. Long-term monitoring of juvenile sucker populations is needed to (1) determine if there are annual and species-specific differences in production, survival, and growth, (2) to identify the season (summer or winter) in which most mortality occurs, and (3) to help identify potential causes of high juvenile sucker mortality, particularly in Upper Klamath Lake.
We initiated an annual juvenile sucker monitoring program in 2015 to track cohorts in 3 months (June, August, and September) annually in Upper Klamath Lake and Clear Lake Reservoir. We tracked annual variability in age-0 sucker apparent production, juvenile sucker apparent survival, and apparent growth. Using genetic markers, we were able to classify suckers as one of three taxa: shortnose or Klamath largescale suckers, Lost River, or suckers with genetic markers of both species (Intermediate Prob[LRS]). Using catch data, we generated taxa-specific indices of year class strength, August–September apparent survival, and overwinter apparent survival. We also examined prevalence and severity of afflictions such as parasites, wounds, and deformities.
Indices of year class strength in Upper Klamath Lake were similar for shortnose suckers in 2015 and 2016, but about twice as high for Lost River suckers and suckers having intermediate Prob[LRS] in 2016 than in 2015. Indices of apparent August–September survival were lower in 2016 (0.41) than in 2015 (1.07) for shortnose suckers and suckers identified as having intermediate Prob [LRS] (0.14 in 2016 and 1.69 in 2015). Indices of apparent August—September survival were similar in 2016 (0.16) and 2015 (0.07) for Lost River suckers. Indices of apparent survival were lower for age-0 Lost River suckers than age-0 shortnose suckers in both years. Although samples sizes are small, a declining trend in the ratio of Lost River to shortnose suckers from 28/23 (1.22) as age-0 fish in September of 2015 to 1/9 (0.11) as age-1 fish in June of 2016 is consistent with higher over winter apparent mortality for Lost River suckers than shortnose suckers in Upper Klamath Lake.
Shortnose sucker year class strength was greater in years with high Willow Creek inflows and Clear Lake surface elevation during the spawning season, indicating that access to spawning habitat was an important contributing factor. In previous sampling, age-0 sucker catch per unit effort (CPUE) was relatively high in 2011 and 2012, moderately high in 2013, and zero in 2014 and 2015. The 2011 and 2012 year classes continued to be detected, but the 2013 year class went undetected for the first time in 2016. The 2014 year class continued to be undetected in 2016. Three suckers with one annulus each on fin rays were captured in Clear Lake in 2016. Although these fish are potential representatives of the 2015 year class, they were small for their age, indicating they may have hatched in 2016. Age-0 shortnose and Lost River suckers were captured in Clear Lake in 2016, indicating new cohorts of both taxa were produced. Moderate to abundant year classes were produced in 2011, 2012, and 2016 when lake surface elevation greater than 1,378.9 m (4,524 ft) during the February–June spawning season. Also in 2011 and 2016, rapid increases in lake-surface elevation indicated potentially high Willow Creek inflows. A somewhat less abundant year class produced in 2012 than in 2011 and 2016 was associated with lower spawning season inflows. The apparently smaller 2013 year class was formed when Willow Creek inflows were apparently low and lake surface never exceeded 1,379.2 m (4,524.9 ft). In 2014 and 2015, when year-classes were small or not detected, the Clear Lake surface elevations were at or below 1,378.2 m (4,522 ft), and there was very little spring time Willow Creek inflow.
Age-0 shortnose sucker CPUE in Clear Lake was correlated with seasonal decreases in water volumes in 2016 and could not be used to create indices of August–September survival. Age-0 shortnose sucker catch rates in Clear Lake Reservoir were about seven times less in August than in September. Meanwhile, the water volume in Clear Lake Reservoir declined by about 36 percent between these two sampling periods. Higher September catch rates may have resulted from additional age-0 suckers entering the lake from the river, a concentrating effect of declining water volumes, or both.
Differences in August standard length, apparent growth rates, and the prevalence of abnormalities were consistent with healthier age-0 suckers in Clear Lake Reservoir than in Upper Klamath Lake. Age-0 suckers were larger in August in Clear Lake Reservoir than in Upper Klamath Lake, which may be due to an earlier hatch date, faster growth, or both in Clear Lake Reservoir. Sample sizes were only large enough to compare growth rates of age-0 shortnose suckers from Upper Klamath Lake in 2015 to Clear Lake Reservoir in 2016. Age-0 shortnose suckers grew more between August and September in Clear Lake Reservoir in 2016 than in Upper Klamath Lake in 2015. Petechial hemorrhages of the skin on age-0 suckers were more prevalent in Upper Klamath Lake than in Clear Lake Reservoir in 2016. Deformed opercula, black-spot forming parasites, and infections presumed to be Columnaris sp. were observed on less than 12 percent of suckers from Upper Klamath Lake but were not observed on suckers from Clear Lake Reservoir in 2016.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181066","usgsCitation":"Burdick, S.M., Ostberg, C.O., and Hoy, M.S., 2018, Juvenile Lost River and shortnose sucker year class strength, survival, and growth in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, and Clear Lake Reservoir, California—2016 Monitoring Report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1066, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181066.","productDescription":"vi, 43 p.","numberOfPages":"54","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-094193","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353625,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1066/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":353626,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1066/ofr20181066.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1066"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon","county":"Klamath County, Modoc County","otherGeospatial":"Clear Lake Reservoir, Upper Klamath Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.11509704589845,\n 42.222924262739824\n ],\n [\n -121.75186157226561,\n 42.222924262739824\n ],\n [\n -121.75186157226561,\n 42.61829672418602\n ],\n [\n -122.11509704589845,\n 42.61829672418602\n ],\n [\n -122.11509704589845,\n 42.222924262739824\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.23687744140624,\n 41.781552998900345\n ],\n [\n -121.04736328125,\n 41.781552998900345\n ],\n [\n -121.04736328125,\n 41.94365947797709\n ],\n [\n -121.23687744140624,\n 41.94365947797709\n ],\n [\n -121.23687744140624,\n 41.781552998900345\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Fisheries Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6505 NE 65th Street
Seattle, Washington 98115
The Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) has limited diversity in the immunoglobulin heavy chain. We therefore investigated the antigen receptor loci of the other arm of the adaptive immune system: the T cell receptor. Manatees are the first species from Afrotheria, a basal eutherian superorder, to have an in-depth characterization of all T cell receptor loci. By annotating the genome and expressed transcripts, we found that each chain has distinct features that correlates to their individual functions. The genomic organization also plays a role in modulating sequence conservation between species. There were extensive V subgroup synteny blocks in the TRA and TRB loci between T. m. latirostrisand human. Increased genomic locus complexity correlated to increased locus synteny. We also identified evidence for a VHD pseudogene for the first time in a eutherian mammal. These findings emphasize the value of including species within this basal eutherian radiation in comparative studies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2018.04.007","usgsCitation":"Breaux, B., Hunter, M., Cruz-Schneider, M.P., Sena, L., Bonde, R.K., and Criscitiello, M.F., 2018, The Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) T cell receptor loci exhibit V subgroup synteny and chain-specific evolution: Developmental and Comparative Immunology, v. 85, p. 71-85, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2018.04.007.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"71","endPage":"85","ipdsId":"IP-093270","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468817,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2018.04.007","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":353618,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"85","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6d8e4b0da30c1bfbe82","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Breaux, Breanna","contributorId":196396,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breaux","given":"Breanna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunter, Margaret 0000-0002-4760-9302 mhunter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-9302","contributorId":140627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"Margaret","email":"mhunter@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cruz-Schneider, Maria Paula","contributorId":196400,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cruz-Schneider","given":"Maria","email":"","middleInitial":"Paula","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sena, Leonardo","contributorId":196401,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sena","given":"Leonardo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bonde, Robert K. 0000-0001-9179-4376 rbonde@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9179-4376","contributorId":2675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonde","given":"Robert","email":"rbonde@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Criscitiello, Michael F.","contributorId":196403,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Criscitiello","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70196090,"text":"fs20183018 - 2018 - Assessment of undiscovered continuous gas resources in Upper Devonian Shales of the Appalachian Basin Province, 2017","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-13T10:35:23","indexId":"fs20183018","displayToPublicDate":"2018-04-19T15:45:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-3018","title":"Assessment of undiscovered continuous gas resources in Upper Devonian Shales of the Appalachian Basin Province, 2017","docAbstract":"Using a geology-based assessment methodology, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated mean undiscovered, technically recoverable continuous resources of 10.7 trillion cubic feet of natural gas in Upper Devonian shales of the Appalachian Basin Province.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20183018","usgsCitation":"Enomoto, C.B., Trippi, M.H., Higley, D.K., Rouse, W.A., Dulong, F.T., Klett, T.R., Mercier, T.J., Brownfield, M.E., Leathers-Miller, H.M., Finn, T.M., Marra, K.R., Le, P.A., Woodall, C.A., and Schenk, C.J., 2018, Assessment of undiscovered continuous gas resources in Upper Devonian Shales of the Appalachian Basin Province, 2017: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2018–3018, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20183018.\n","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-091695","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437943,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9Z1E62L","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"USGS National and Global Oil and Gas Assessment Project-Appalachian Basin Province, Upper Devonian Shales Assessment Unit Boundaries and Assessment Input Forms"},{"id":353542,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2018/3018/fs20183018.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.69 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2018-3018"},{"id":360239,"rank":4,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9Z1E62L","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"USGS National and Global Oil and Gas Assessment Project-Appalachian Basin Province, Upper Devonian Shales Assessment Unit Boundaries and Assessment Input Forms"},{"id":353541,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2018/3018/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":353543,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20163085","text":"Fact Sheet 2016–3085:","linkHelpText":"Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources of the Mississippian Sunbury Shale and Devonian–Mississippian Chattanooga Shale in the Appalachian Basin Province, 2016"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Appalachian Basin Province","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -86,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -86,\n 36\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Eastern Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, MS-954
Reston, VA 20192
The year 2017 was a year of review and renewal for the Department of the Interior (DOI) Climate Science Centers (CSCs) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center (NCCWSC). The Southeast, Northwest, Alaska, Southwest, and North Central CSCs’ 5-year summary review reports were released in 2017 and contain the findings of the external review teams led by the Cornell University Human Dimensions Research Unit in conjunction with the American Fisheries Society. The reports for the Pacific Islands, South Central, and Northeast CSCs are planned for release in 2018. The reviews provide an opportunity to evaluate aspects of the cooperative agreement, such as the effectiveness of the CSC in meeting project goals and assessment of the level of scientific contribution and achievement. These reviews serve as a way for the CSCs and NCCWSC to look for ways to recognize and enhance our network’s strengths and identify areas for improvement. The reviews were followed by the CSC recompetition, which led to new hosting agreements at the Northwest, Alaska, and Southeast CSCs. Learn more about the excellent science and activities conducted by the network centers in the 2017 annual report.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181049","usgsCitation":"Varela Minder, Elda, 2018, U.S. Department of the Interior Climate Science Centers and U.S. Geological Survey National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center—Annual report for 2017: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1049, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181049.","productDescription":"14 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-093217","costCenters":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36940,"text":"National Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353570,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1049/ofr20181049.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.30 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1049"},{"id":353569,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1049/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Director, National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center (NCCWSC)
U.S. Geological Survey
Mail Stop 516
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
The first U.S. Department of the Interior Economics Workshop was held April 5–7, 2017 in Washington, D.C., to identify, highlight, and better understand needs and opportunities for economic analysis to support the Department of the Interior’s mission. The Economics Workshop, jointly convened by the Department of the Interior Office of Policy Analysis and the U.S. Geological Survey Science and Decisions Center, provided an opportunity for Department of the Interior’s economists to share expertise and experiences and to build collaboration and communication channels across the Department of the Interior.
Natural and cultural resource managers face complex questions and often have to balance competing stakeholder interests. Per the mission statement, the Department of the Interior “protects and manages the Nation’s natural resources and cultural heritage; provides scientific and other information about those resources; and honors its trust responsibilities or special commitments to American Indians, Alaska Natives, and affiliated island communities.” Economic analysis is relevant to issues integral to nearly all the land and water management decisions made by the Department of the Interior. More than 80 Department of the Interior economists gathered at the Economics Workshop to share their work, discuss common challenges, and identify approaches to advance the use and contribution of economics at the Department of the Interior.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181054","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Office of Policy Analysis, U.S. Department of the Interior","usgsCitation":"Pindilli, E.J., Crowley, C.S.L., Cline, S.A., Good, A.J., Shapiro, C.D., and Simon, B.M., 2018, Supporting natural resource management—The role of economics at the Department of the Interior—A workshop report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1054, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181054.","productDescription":"iv, 32 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-093562","costCenters":[{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353564,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1054/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":353565,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1054/ofr20181054.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1054"}],"contact":"Director, Science and Decisions Center
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
Preserving remaining nonhybridized populations Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii is a conservation priority often requiring management action. Although proactive programs for Rainbow Trout O. mykiss and hybrid suppression offer a flexible tool, particularly in large interconnected river basins, this management approach is used less frequently than alternatives such as barriers and piscicides. We describe the results of a targeted Rainbow Trout hybrid suppression program spanning 15 years in the upper Snake River, Wyoming, a core stronghold for Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout O. clarkii bouvieri. Initially, Rainbow Trout hybrids were relatively common in the Gros Ventre River, a major tributary to the Snake River. Between 2002 and 2016, 926 individuals of Rainbow Trout ancestry were removed from the Gros Ventre River. Relative abundance of Rainbow Trout hybrids decreased over this time, while the Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout population increased. Temporal genetic data collected in 2007–2008 and again in 2014 demonstrate that the overall proportion Rainbow Trout admixture and the proportion of hybrids in a sample both significantly decreased in the Gros Ventre River and did not increase elsewhere in the Snake River basin. In conclusion, proactive Rainbow Trout suppression appears to have reduced the threat of Rainbow Trout hybridization in this river basin and helped protect an interconnected metapopulation that has a highly diverse life history and genetic variation important for long-term persistence.
We have conducted a gravity survey of the Coso geothermal field to continue the time-lapse gravity study of the area initiated in 1991. In this report, we outline a method of processing the gravity data that minimizes the random errors and instrument bias introduced into the data by the Scintrex CG-5 relative gravimeters that were used. After processing, the standard deviation of the data was estimated to be ±13 microGals. These data reveal that the negative gravity anomaly over the Coso geothermal field, centered on gravity station CER1, is continuing to increase in magnitude over time. Preliminary modeling indicates that water-table drawdown at the location of CER1 is between 65 and 326 meters over the last two decades. We note, however, that several assumptions on which the model results depend, such as constant elevation and free-water level over the study period, still require verification.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181053","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Navy Geothermal Program Office","usgsCitation":"Phelps, G., Cronkite-Ratcliff, C., and Blake, K., 2018, A time-lapse gravity survey of the Coso geothermal field, China Lake Naval Air Weapons Station, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1053, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181053.","productDescription":"Report: v, 25 p.; Table","numberOfPages":"31","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-082096","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353589,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1053/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":353590,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1053/ofr20181053.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1053"},{"id":353607,"rank":3,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1053/ofr20181053_table1.xlsx","text":"Table 1","size":"22 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"OFR 2018-1053"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Coso Geothermal Field, China Lake Naval Air Weapons Station","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118,\n 35.88682489453265\n ],\n [\n -117.625,\n 35.88682489453265\n ],\n [\n -117.625,\n 36.25\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 36.25\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 35.88682489453265\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Coastal communities are increasingly concerned about the dynamic balance between freshwater and saltwater because of its implications for societal, economic, and ecological resources. While the mixing of freshwater and saltwater sources defines coastal estuaries and lagoons, sudden changes in this balance can have a large effect on critical ecosystems and infrastructure. Any change to the delivery of water from either source has the potential to affect the health of both humans and natural biota and also to damage coastal infrastructure. This fact sheet discusses the potential of major shifts in the dynamic freshwater-saltwater balance to alter the environment and coastal stability.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20183022","usgsCitation":"Conrads, P.A., Rodgers, K.D., Passeri, D.L., Prinos, S.T., Smith, C., Swarzenski, C.M., and Middleton, B.A., 2018, Coastal estuaries and lagoons: The delicate balance at the edge of the sea: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2018–3022, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20183022. ","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-094263","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353584,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2018/3022/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":353585,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2018/3022/fs20183022.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.11 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2018–3022"}],"contact":"Director, South Atlantic Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern
Columbia, SC 29210
Water temperature influences most physical and biological processes in streams, and along with streamflows is a major driver of ecosystem processes. Collecting data to measure water temperature is therefore imperative, and relatively straightforward. Several protocols exist for collecting stream temperature data, but these are frequently directed towards specialists. This document was developed to address the need for a protocol intended for non-specialists (non-aquatic) staff. It provides specific step-by-step procedures on (1) how to launch data loggers, (2) check the factory calibration of data loggers prior to field use, (3) how to install data loggers in streams for year-round monitoring, (4) how to download and retrieve data loggers from the field, and (5) how to input project data into organizational databases.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section A: Surface-water techniques in Book 3: Applications of hydraulics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm3A25","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Heck, M.P., Schultz, L.D., Hockman-Wert, D., Dinger, E.C., and Dunham, J.B., 2018, Monitoring stream temperatures—A guide for non-specialists: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, book 3, chap. A25, 76 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm3A25.","productDescription":"iv, 76 p.","numberOfPages":"84","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-090007","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353592,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/03/a25/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":353593,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/03/a25/tm3a25.pdf","text":"Report","size":"45 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"TM 3A25"}],"publicComments":"This report is Chapter 25 of Section A: Surface-water techniques in Book 3: Applications of hydraulics.","contact":"Director, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
777 NW 9th St., Suite 400
Corvallis, Oregon 97330