{"pageNumber":"868","pageRowStart":"21675","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40783,"records":[{"id":70187395,"text":"70187395 - 2009 - Dust emission at Franklin Lake Playa, Mojave Desert (USA): Response to meteorological and hydrologic changes 2005-2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-01T15:36:44","indexId":"70187395","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2834,"text":"Natural Resources and Environmental Issues","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dust emission at Franklin Lake Playa, Mojave Desert (USA): Response to meteorological and hydrologic changes 2005-2008","docAbstract":"<p><span>Playa type, size, and setting; playa hydrology; and surface-sediment characteristics are important controls on the type and amount of atmospheric dust emitted from playas. Soft, evaporite-rich sediment develops on the surfaces of some Mojave Desert (USA) playas (wet playas), where the water table is shallow (&lt; 4 m). These areas are sources of atmospheric dust because of continuous or episodic replenishment of wind-erodible salts and disruption of the ground surface during salt formation by evaporation of ground water. Dust emission at Franklin Lake playa was monitored between March 2005 and April 2008. The dust record, based on day-time remote digital camera images captured during high wind, and compared with a nearby precipitation record, shows that aridity suppresses dust emission. High frequency of dust generation appears to be associated with relatively wet periods, identified as either heavy precipitation events or sustained regional precipitation over a few months. Several factors may act separately or in combination to account for this relation. Dust emission may respond rapidly to heavy precipitation when the dissolution of hard, wind-resistant evaporite mineral crusts is followed by the development of soft surfaces with thin, newly formed crusts that are vulnerable to wind erosion and (or) the production of loose aggregates of evaporite minerals that are quickly removed by even moderate winds. Dust loading may also increase when relatively high regional precipitation leads to decreasing depth to the water table, thereby increasing rates of vapor discharge, development of evaporite minerals, and temporary softening of playa surfaces. The seasonality of wind strength was not a major factor in dust-storm frequency at the playa. The lack of major dust emissions related to flood-derived sediment at Franklin Lake playa contrasts with some dry-lake systems elsewhere that may produce large amounts of dust from flood sediments. Flood sediments do not commonly accumulate on the surface of Franklin Lake playa because through-going drainage prevents frequent inundation and deposition of widespread flood sediment.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Utah State University","usgsCitation":"Reynolds, R.L., Bogle, R., Vogel, J., Goldstein, H.L., and Yount, J., 2009, Dust emission at Franklin Lake Playa, Mojave Desert (USA): Response to meteorological and hydrologic changes 2005-2008: Natural Resources and Environmental Issues, v. 15, Article 18; 11 p,.","productDescription":"Article 18; 11 p,","ipdsId":"IP-007852","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340701,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/nrei/vol15/iss1/18"},{"id":340702,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59084936e4b0fc4e448ffda4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reynolds, Richard L. 0000-0002-4572-2942 rreynolds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4572-2942","contributorId":139068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Richard","email":"rreynolds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bogle, Rian rbogle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bogle","given":"Rian","email":"rbogle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":693824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vogel, John","contributorId":99825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogel","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goldstein, Harland L. 0000-0002-6092-8818 hgoldstein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6092-8818","contributorId":147881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"Harland","email":"hgoldstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":693826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yount, James","contributorId":65172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yount","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70034953,"text":"70034953 - 2009 - Climatic implications of reconstructed early - Mid Pliocene equilibrium-line altitudes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:43","indexId":"70034953","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":794,"text":"Annals of Glaciology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climatic implications of reconstructed early - Mid Pliocene equilibrium-line altitudes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica","docAbstract":"Early-mid Pliocene moraines in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, are more extensive than the present alpine glaciers in this region, indicating substantial climatic differences between the early-mid Pliocene and the present. To quantify this difference in the glacier-climate regime, we estimated the equilibrium-line altitude (ELA) change since the early-mid Pliocene by calculating the modern ELA and reconstructing the ELAs of four alpine glaciers in Wright and Taylor Valleys at their early-mid Pliocene maxima. The area-altitude balance ratio method was used on modern and reconstructed early-mid Pliocene hypsometry. In Wright and Victoria Valleys, mass-balance data identify present-day ELAs of 800-1600 m a.s.l. and an average balance ratio of 1.1. The estimated ELAs of the much larger early-mid Pliocene glaciers in Wright and Taylor Valleys range from 600 to 950 ?? 170 m a.s.l., and thus are 250-600 ??170 m lower than modern ELAs in these valleys. The depressed ELAs during the early-mid-Pliocene most likely indicate a wetter and therefore warmer climate in the Dry Valleys during this period than previous studies have recognized.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Annals of Glaciology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3189/172756409787769564","issn":"02603055","usgsCitation":"Krusic, A., Prentice, M., and Licciardi, J., 2009, Climatic implications of reconstructed early - Mid Pliocene equilibrium-line altitudes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica: Annals of Glaciology, v. 50, no. 50, p. 31-36, https://doi.org/10.3189/172756409787769564.","startPage":"31","endPage":"36","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476339,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3189/172756409787769564","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":215795,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756409787769564"},{"id":243621,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"50","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-09-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f667e4b0c8380cd4c742","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krusic, A.G.","contributorId":105936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krusic","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prentice, M.L.","contributorId":81227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prentice","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Licciardi, J. M.","contributorId":104721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Licciardi","given":"J. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035739,"text":"70035739 - 2009 - Delayed conifer mortality after fuel reduction treatments: Interactive effects of fuel, fire intensity, and bark beetles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-26T10:12:55","indexId":"70035739","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Delayed conifer mortality after fuel reduction treatments: Interactive effects of fuel, fire intensity, and bark beetles","docAbstract":"<p><span>Many low‐elevation dry forests of the western United States contain more small trees and fewer large trees, more down woody debris, and less diverse and vigorous understory plant communities compared to conditions under historical fire regimes. These altered structural conditions may contribute to increased probability of unnaturally severe wildfires, susceptibility to uncharacteristic insect outbreaks, and drought‐related mortality. Broad‐scale fuel reduction and restoration treatments are proposed to promote stand development on trajectories toward more sustainable structures. Little research to date, however, has quantified the effects of these treatments on the ecosystem, especially delayed and latent tree mortality resulting directly or indirectly from treatments. In this paper, we explore complex hypotheses relating to the cascade of effects that influence ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) and Douglas‐fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) mortality using structural equation modeling (SEM). We used annual census and plot data through six growing seasons after thinning and four growing seasons after burning from a replicated, operational‐scale, completely randomized experiment conducted in northeastern Oregon, USA, as part of the national Fire and Fire Surrogate study. Treatments included thin, burn, thin followed by burn (thin + burn), and control. Burn and thin + burn treatments increased the proportion of dead trees while the proportion of dead trees declined or remained constant in thin and control units, although the density of dead trees was essentially unchanged with treatment. Most of the new mortality (96%) occurred within two years of treatment and was attributed to bark beetles. Bark beetle‐caused tree mortality, while low overall, was greatest in thin + burn treatments. SEM results indicate that the probability of mortality of large‐diameter ponderosa pine from bark beetles and wood borers was directly related to surface fire severity and bole charring, which in turn depended on fire intensity, which was greater in units where thinning increased large woody fuels. These results have implications when deciding among management options for restoring ecosystem health in similar ponderosa pine and Douglas‐fir forests.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/07-1751.1","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Youngblood, A., Grace, J., and Mciver, J., 2009, Delayed conifer mortality after fuel reduction treatments: Interactive effects of fuel, fire intensity, and bark beetles: Ecological Applications, v. 19, no. 2, p. 321-337, https://doi.org/10.1890/07-1751.1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"321","endPage":"337","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487807,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/07-1751.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":244240,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216376,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/07-1751.1"}],"volume":"19","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe5de4b0c8380cd4ecd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Youngblood, A.","contributorId":66085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Youngblood","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grace, J.B. 0000-0001-6374-4726","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":38938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mciver, J.D.","contributorId":71665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mciver","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035745,"text":"70035745 - 2009 - A less field-intensive robust design for estimating demographic parameters with Mark-resight data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:51","indexId":"70035745","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A less field-intensive robust design for estimating demographic parameters with Mark-resight data","docAbstract":"The robust design has become popular among animal ecologists as a means for estimating population abundance and related demographic parameters with mark-recapture data. However, two drawbacks of traditional mark-recapture are financial cost and repeated disturbance to animals. Mark-resight methodology may in many circumstances be a less expensive and less invasive alternative to mark-recapture, but the models developed to date for these data have overwhelmingly concentrated only on the estimation of abundance. Here we introduce a mark-resight model analogous to that used in mark-recapture for the simultaneous estimation of abundance, apparent survival, and transition probabilities between observable and unobservable states. The model may be implemented using standard statistical computing software, but it has also been incorporated into the freeware package Program MARK. We illustrate the use of our model with mainland New Zealand Robin (Petroica australis) data collected to ascertain whether this methodology may be a reliable alternative for monitoring endangered populations of a closely related species inhabiting the Chatham Islands. We found this method to be a viable alternative to traditional mark-recapture when cost or disturbance to species is of particular concern in long-term population monitoring programs. ?? 2009 by the Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/08-0973.1","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"McClintock, B., and White, G.C., 2009, A less field-intensive robust design for estimating demographic parameters with Mark-resight data: Ecology, v. 90, no. 2, p. 313-320, https://doi.org/10.1890/08-0973.1.","startPage":"313","endPage":"320","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476331,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/08-0973.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":216461,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/08-0973.1"},{"id":244332,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e436e4b0c8380cd464e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McClintock, B.T.","contributorId":29108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClintock","given":"B.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, Gary C.","contributorId":26256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70034897,"text":"70034897 - 2009 - Bird-like anatomy, posture, and behavior revealed by an early jurassic theropod dinosaur resting trace","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:42","indexId":"70034897","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bird-like anatomy, posture, and behavior revealed by an early jurassic theropod dinosaur resting trace","docAbstract":"Background: Fossil tracks made by non-avian theropod dinosaurs commonly reflect the habitual bipedal stance retained in living birds. Only rarely-captured behaviors, such as crouching, might create impressions made by the hands. Such tracks provide valuable information concerning the often poorly understood functional morphology of the early theropod forelimb. Methodology/Principal Findings: Here we describe a well-preserved theropod trackway in a Lower Jurassic (???198 millionyear- old) lacustrine beach sandstone in the Whitmore Point Member of the Moenave Formation in southwestern Utah. The trackway consists of prints of typical morphology, intermittent tail drags and, unusually, traces made by the animal resting on the substrate in a posture very similar to modern birds. The resting trace includes symmetrical pes impressions and well-defined impressions made by both hands, the tail, and the ischial callosity. Conclusions/Significance: The manus impressions corroborate that early theropods, like later birds, held their palms facing medially, in contrast to manus prints previously attributed to theropods that have forward-pointing digits. Both the symmetrical resting posture and the medially-facing palms therefore evolved by the Early Jurassic, much earlier in the theropod lineage than previously recognized, and may characterize all theropods.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0004591","issn":"19326203","usgsCitation":"Milner, A.R., Harris, J., Lockley, M., Kirkland, J., and Matthews, N., 2009, Bird-like anatomy, posture, and behavior revealed by an early jurassic theropod dinosaur resting trace: PLoS ONE, v. 4, no. 3, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0004591.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476520,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0004591","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243742,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215906,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0004591"}],"volume":"4","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-03-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f1b7e4b0c8380cd4adc6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milner, Andrew R.C.","contributorId":13422,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Milner","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"R.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harris, J.D.","contributorId":105552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lockley, M.G.","contributorId":34301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockley","given":"M.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kirkland, J.I.","contributorId":47938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirkland","given":"J.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Matthews, N.A.","contributorId":37565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matthews","given":"N.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70033809,"text":"70033809 - 2009 - Trends in concentrations and use of agricultural herbicides for Corn Belt rivers, 1996-2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T15:03:39","indexId":"70033809","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trends in concentrations and use of agricultural herbicides for Corn Belt rivers, 1996-2006","docAbstract":"Trends in the concentrations and agricultural use of four herbicides (atrazine, acetochlor, metolachlor, and alachlor) were evaluated for major rivers of the Corn Belt for two partially overlapping time periods: 1996-2002 and 2000-2006. Trends were analyzed for 11 sites on the mainstems and selected tributaries in the Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Missouri River Basins. Concentration trends were determined using a parametric regression model designed for analyzing seasonal variability, flow-related variability, and trends in pesticide concentrations(SEAWAVE-Q).TheSEAWAVE-Qmodel accounts for the effect of changing flow conditions in order to separate changes caused by hydrologic conditions from changes caused by other factors, such as pesticide use. Most of the trends in atrazine and acetochlor concentrations for both time periods were relatively small and nonsignificant, but metolachlor and alachlor were dominated by varying magnitudes of concentration downtrends. Overall, with trends expressed as a percent change per year, trends in herbicide concentrations were consistent with trends in agricultural use; 84 of 88 comparisons for different sites, herbicides, and time periods showed no significant difference between concentration trends and agricultural use trends. Results indicate that decreasing use appears to have been the primary cause for the concentration downtrends during 1996-2006 and that, while there is some evidence that nonuse management factors may have reduced concentrations in some rivers, reliably evaluating the influence of these factors on pesticides in large streams and rivers will require improved, basin-specific information on both management practices and use over time. ?? 2009 American Chemical Society.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es902122j","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Vecchia, A.V., Gilliom, R.J., Sullivan, D.J., Lorenz, D.L., and Martin, J.D., 2009, Trends in concentrations and use of agricultural herbicides for Corn Belt rivers, 1996-2006: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 43, no. 24, p. 9096-9102, https://doi.org/10.1021/es902122j.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"9096","endPage":"9102","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242134,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214411,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es902122j"}],"volume":"43","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-11-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb7e6e4b08c986b32755e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vecchia, Aldo V. 0000-0002-2661-4401 avecchia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2661-4401","contributorId":1173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vecchia","given":"Aldo","email":"avecchia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilliom, Robert J. rgilliom@usgs.gov","contributorId":488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilliom","given":"Robert","email":"rgilliom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sullivan, Daniel J. 0000-0003-2705-3738 djsulliv@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2705-3738","contributorId":1703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Daniel","email":"djsulliv@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":442608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lorenz, David L. 0000-0003-3392-4034 lorenz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3392-4034","contributorId":1384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenz","given":"David","email":"lorenz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Martin, Jeffrey D. 0000-0003-1994-5285 jdmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1994-5285","contributorId":1066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jdmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70034887,"text":"70034887 - 2009 - Models of pure CO<sub>2</sub> and pure CH<sub>4</sub> adsorption on the late paleozoic coals from the Kailuan Coalfield, Hebei, China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:43","indexId":"70034887","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":634,"text":"Acta Geologica Sinica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Models of pure CO<sub>2</sub> and pure CH<sub>4</sub> adsorption on the late paleozoic coals from the Kailuan Coalfield, Hebei, China","docAbstract":"Isothermal adsorption experiments of pure CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> on different coals in rank (the No. 11 Coal from the Linnancang Mine and the No. 9 Coal from the Majiagou Mine) from the Kailuan Coalfield of Hebei Province, China, have been studied. Four different models (Langmuir, BET, D-R, and D-A) were used to fit the experimental data of CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> adsorption and their fitting degree were investigated. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of the Majiagou coal(R<sub>o, ran</sub> = 1. 21%) is higher than that of the Linnancang coal (R<sub>o, ran</sub> = 0. 58%). The adsorption capacity of CO<sub>2</sub> is higher than that of CH<sub>4</sub> on the same coal under the same pressure. The adsorption isotherms of pure CO <sub>2</sub> and pure CH<sub>4</sub> on the Majiagou coal can be classified as Type I and their fitting errors of curves are very weak; thus the experimental data can be presented using the Langmuir isotherm. However, the adsorption of Linnancang coal is more complicated, and can be presented using D-A model because of its minimum error. Monolayer adsorption occurs during the adsorption of pure CO<sub>2</sub> and pure CH<sub>4</sub> on the No. 11 Coal and that of pure CH<sub>4</sub> on the No. 9 Coal.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Acta Geologica Sinica","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"Chinese","issn":"00015717","usgsCitation":"Dai, S., Zhang, B., Peng, S., Zhang, X., and Chou, C., 2009, Models of pure CO<sub>2</sub> and pure CH<sub>4</sub> adsorption on the late paleozoic coals from the Kailuan Coalfield, Hebei, China: Acta Geologica Sinica, v. 83, no. 5, p. 731-737.","startPage":"731","endPage":"737","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243587,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"83","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c80e4b0c8380cd6fd4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dai, S.","contributorId":9757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dai","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhang, B.","contributorId":62854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peng, S.","contributorId":68688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peng","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zhang, X.","contributorId":30193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chou, C.","contributorId":66056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chou","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70035761,"text":"70035761 - 2009 - Negligible influence of spatial autocorrelation in the assessment of fire effects in a mixed conifer forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:48","indexId":"70035761","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1636,"text":"Fire Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Negligible influence of spatial autocorrelation in the assessment of fire effects in a mixed conifer forest","docAbstract":"Fire is an important feature of many forest ecosystems, although the quantification of its effects is compromised by the large scale at which fire occurs and its inherent unpredictability. A recurring problem is the use of subsamples collected within individual burns, potentially resulting in spatially autocorrelated data. Using subsamples from six different fires (and three unburned control areas) we show little evidence for strong spatial autocorrelation either before or after burning for eight measures of forest conditions (both fuels and vegetation). Additionally, including a term for spatially autocorrelated errors provided little improvement for simple linear models contrasting the effects of early versus late season burning. While the effects of spatial autocorrelation should always be examined, it may not always greatly influence assessments of fire effects. If high patch scale variability is common in Sierra Nevada mixed conifer forests, even following more than a century of fire exclusion, treatments designed to encourage further heterogeneity in forest conditions prior to the reintroduction of fire will likely be unnecessary.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fire Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.4996/fireecology.0502116","issn":"19339747","usgsCitation":"van Mantgem, P.J., and Schwilk, D., 2009, Negligible influence of spatial autocorrelation in the assessment of fire effects in a mixed conifer forest: Fire Ecology, v. 5, no. 2, p. 116-125, https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.0502116.","startPage":"116","endPage":"125","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476393,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.0502116","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":216170,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.0502116"},{"id":244019,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a643ce4b0c8380cd72948","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"van Mantgem, P. J.","contributorId":73527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Mantgem","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwilk, D.W.","contributorId":29770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwilk","given":"D.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70034886,"text":"70034886 - 2009 - Body size and predatory performance in wolves: Is bigger better?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-02T13:34:10","indexId":"70034886","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Body size and predatory performance in wolves: Is bigger better?","docAbstract":"Large body size hinders locomotor performance in ways that may lead to trade-offs in predator foraging ability that limit the net predatory benefit of larger size. For example, size-related improvements in handling prey may come at the expense of pursuing prey and thus negate any enhancement in overall predatory performance due to increasing size. 2. This hypothesis was tested with longitudinal data from repeated observations of 94 individually known wolves (Canis lupus) hunting elk (Cervus elaphus) in Yellowstone National Park, USA. Wolf size was estimated from an individually based sex-specific growth model derived from body mass measurements of 304 wolves. 3. Larger size granted individual wolves a net predatory advantage despite substantial variation in its effect on the performance of different predatory tasks; larger size improved performance of a strength-related task (grappling and subduing elk) but failed to improve performance of a locomotor-related task (selecting an elk from a group) for wolves > 39 kg. 4. Sexual dimorphism in wolf size also explained why males outperformed females in each of the three tasks considered (attacking, selecting, and killing). 5. These findings support the generalization that bigger predators are overall better hunters, but they also indicate that increasing size ultimately limits elements of predatory behaviour that require superior locomotor performance. We argue that this could potentially narrow the dietary niche of larger carnivores as well as limit the evolution of larger size if prey are substantially more difficult to pursue than to handle. ?? 2009 British Ecological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Animal Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2656.2008.01517.x","issn":"00218790","usgsCitation":"MacNulty, D., Smith, D., Mech, L., and Eberly, L., 2009, Body size and predatory performance in wolves: Is bigger better?: Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 78, no. 3, p. 532-539, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2008.01517.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"532","endPage":"539","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476349,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2008.01517.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243586,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215763,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2008.01517.x"}],"volume":"78","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-03-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f1f7e4b0c8380cd4af18","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacNulty, D.R.","contributorId":7661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacNulty","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, D.W.","contributorId":24726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eberly, L.E.","contributorId":75774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberly","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034882,"text":"70034882 - 2009 - Simulating hydrologic and hydraulic processes throughout the Amazon River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T14:57:17","indexId":"70034882","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulating hydrologic and hydraulic processes throughout the Amazon River Basin","docAbstract":"<p><span>Presented here is a model framework based on a land surface topography that can be represented with various degrees of resolution and capable of providing representative channel/floodplain hydraulic characteristics on a daily to hourly scale. The framework integrates two models: (1) a water balance model (WBM) for the vertical fluxes and stores of water in and through the canopy and soil layers based on the conservation of mass and energy, and (2) a routing model for the horizontal routing of surface and subsurface runoff and channel and floodplain waters based on kinematic and diffusion wave methodologies. The WBM is driven by satellite-derived precipitation (TRMM_3B42) and air temperature (MOD08_M3). The model's use of an irregular computational grid is intended to facilitate parallel processing for applications to continental and global scales. Results are presented for the Amazon Basin over the period Jan 2001 through Dec 2005. The model is shown to capture annual runoff totals, annual peaks, seasonal patterns, and daily fluctuations over a range of spatial scales (&gt;1, 000 to &lt; 4·7M km</span><sup>2</sup><span>). For the period of study, results suggest basin-wide total water storage changes in the Amazon vary by approximately + /− 5 to 10 cm, and the fractional components accounting for these changes are: root zone soil moisture (20%), subsurface water being routed laterally to channels (40%) and channel/floodplain discharge (40%). Annual variability in monthly water storage changes by + /− 2·5 cm is likely due to 0·5 to 1 month variability in the arrival of significant rainfall periods throughout the basin. </span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.7252","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Beighley, R., Eggert, K., Dunne, T., He, Y., Gummadi, V., and Verdin, K., 2009, Simulating hydrologic and hydraulic processes throughout the Amazon River Basin: Hydrological Processes, v. 23, no. 8, p. 1221-1235, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7252.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1221","endPage":"1235","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243525,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215703,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7252"}],"volume":"23","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8fd1e4b08c986b31915f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beighley, R.E.","contributorId":104302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beighley","given":"R.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eggert, K.G.","contributorId":42450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eggert","given":"K.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dunne, T.","contributorId":25695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunne","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"He, Y.","contributorId":23319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"He","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gummadi, V.","contributorId":33942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gummadi","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Verdin, K.L.","contributorId":66438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verdin","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70032495,"text":"70032495 - 2009 - Estimating survival of precocial chicks during the prefledging period using a catch-curve analysis and count-based age-class data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:21","indexId":"70032495","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating survival of precocial chicks during the prefledging period using a catch-curve analysis and count-based age-class data","docAbstract":"Estimating reproductive success for birds with precocial young can be difficult because chicks leave nests soon after hatching and individuals or broods can be difficult to track. Researchers often turn to estimating survival during the prefledging period and, though effective, mark-recapture based approaches are not always feasible due to cost, time, and animal welfare concerns. Using a threatened population of Piping Plovers (Charadrius melodus) that breeds along the Missouri River, we present an approach for estimating chick survival during the prefledging period using long-term (1993-2005), count-based, age-class data. We used a modified catch-curve analysis, and data collected during three 5-day sampling periods near the middle of the breeding season. The approach has several ecological and statistical assumptions and our analyses were designed to minimize the probability of violating those assumptions. For example, limiting the sampling periods to only 5 days gave reasonable assurance that population size was stable during the sampling period. Annual daily survival estimates ranged from 0.825 (SD = 0.03) to 0.931 (0.02) depending on year and sampling period, with these estimates assuming constant survival during the prefledging period and no change in the age structure of the population. The average probability of survival to fledging ranged from 0.126 to 0.188. Our results are similar to other published estimates for this species in similar habitats. This method of estimating chick survival may be useful for a variety of precocial bird species when mark-recapture methods are not feasible and only count-based age class data are available. ?? 2009 Association of Field Ornithologists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Field Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1557-9263.2009.00207.x","issn":"02738","usgsCitation":"McGowan, C., Millspaugh, J., Ryan, M., Kruse, C., and Pavelka, G., 2009, Estimating survival of precocial chicks during the prefledging period using a catch-curve analysis and count-based age-class data: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 80, no. 1, p. 79-87, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2009.00207.x.","startPage":"79","endPage":"87","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213943,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2009.00207.x"},{"id":241619,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b4ee4b0c8380cd5267b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGowan, C.P.","contributorId":19760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGowan","given":"C.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Millspaugh, J.J.","contributorId":99105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Millspaugh","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ryan, M.R.","contributorId":92198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kruse, C.D.","contributorId":68120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kruse","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pavelka, G.","contributorId":24579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavelka","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70035370,"text":"70035370 - 2009 - Evaluating abundance estimate precision and the assumptions of a count-based index for small mammals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:55","indexId":"70035370","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating abundance estimate precision and the assumptions of a count-based index for small mammals","docAbstract":"Conservation and management of small mammals requires reliable knowledge of population size. We investigated precision of markrecapture and removal abundance estimates generated from live-trapping and snap-trapping data collected at sites on Guam (n 7), Rota (n 4), Saipan (n 5), and Tinian (n 3), in the Mariana Islands. We also evaluated a common index, captures per unit effort (CPUE), as a predictor of abundance. In addition, we evaluated cost and time associated with implementing live-trapping and snap-trapping and compared species-specific capture rates of selected live- and snap-traps. For all species, markrecapture estimates were consistently more precise than removal estimates based on coefficients of variation and 95 confidence intervals. The predictive utility of CPUE was poor but improved with increasing sampling duration. Nonetheless, modeling of sampling data revealed that underlying assumptions critical to application of an index of abundance, such as constant capture probability across space, time, and individuals, were not met. Although snap-trapping was cheaper and faster than live-trapping, the time difference was negligible when site preparation time was considered. Rattus diardii spp. captures were greatest in Haguruma live-traps (Standard Trading Co., Honolulu, HI) and Victor snap-traps (Woodstream Corporation, Lititz, PA), whereas Suncus murinus and Mus musculus captures were greatest in Sherman live-traps (H. B. Sherman Traps, Inc., Tallahassee, FL) and Museum Special snap-traps (Woodstream Corporation). Although snap-trapping and CPUE may have utility after validation against more rigorous methods, validation should occur across the full range of study conditions. Resources required for this level of validation would likely be better allocated towards implementing rigorous and robust methods.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/2008-180","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Wiewel, A., Adams, A., and Rodda, G., 2009, Evaluating abundance estimate precision and the assumptions of a count-based index for small mammals: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 73, no. 5, p. 761-771, https://doi.org/10.2193/2008-180.","startPage":"761","endPage":"771","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215284,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2008-180"},{"id":243076,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0bd9e4b0c8380cd528eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wiewel, A.S.","contributorId":8682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiewel","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, A.A.Y.","contributorId":50369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"A.A.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rodda, G.H.","contributorId":103998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodda","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70036951,"text":"70036951 - 2009 - A model for the termination of the Ryukyu subduction zone against Taiwan: A junction of collision, subduction/separation, and subduction boundaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036951","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A model for the termination of the Ryukyu subduction zone against Taiwan: A junction of collision, subduction/separation, and subduction boundaries","docAbstract":"The NW moving Philippine Sea plate (PSP) collides with the Eurasian plate (EUP) in the vicinity of Taiwan, and at the same time, it subducts toward the north along SW Ryukyu. The Ryukyu subduction zone terminates against eastern Taiwan. While the Ryukyu Trench is a linear bathym??trie low about 100 km east of Taiwan, closer to Taiwan, it cannot be clearly identified bathymetrically owing to the deformation related to the collision, making the location of the intersection of the Ryukyu with Taiwan difficult to decipher. We propose a model for this complex of boundaries on the basis of seismicity and 3-D velocity structures. In this model the intersection is placed at the latitude of about 23.7??N, placing the northern part of the Coastal Range on EUP. As PSP gets deeper along the subduction zone it collides with EUP on the Taiwan side only where they are in direct contact. Thus, the Eurasian plate on the Taiwan side is being pushed and compressed by the NW moving Philippine Sea plate, at increasing depth toward the north. Offshore of northeastern Taiwan the wedge-shaped EUP on top of the Ryukyu subducting plate is connected to the EUP on the Ryukyu side and coupled to the NW moving PSP by friction at the plate interface. The two sides of the EUP above the western end of the subduction zone are not subjected to the same forces, and a difference in motions can be expected. The deformation of Taiwan as revealed by continuous GPS measurements, geodetic movement along the east coast of Taiwan, and the formation of the Hoping Basin can be understood in terms of the proposed model. Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2008JB005950","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Wu, F., Liang, W., Lee, J., Benz, H., and Villasenor, A., 2009, A model for the termination of the Ryukyu subduction zone against Taiwan: A junction of collision, subduction/separation, and subduction boundaries: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 114, no. 7, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005950.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217723,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005950"},{"id":245684,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e47de4b0c8380cd4666b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wu, F.T.","contributorId":9270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"F.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liang, W.-T.","contributorId":82564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liang","given":"W.-T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lee, J.-C.","contributorId":85805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"J.-C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Benz, H.","contributorId":61953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benz","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Villasenor, A.","contributorId":52733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villasenor","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70034861,"text":"70034861 - 2009 - Estimating the encounter rate variance in distance sampling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:42","indexId":"70034861","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1039,"text":"Biometrics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating the encounter rate variance in distance sampling","docAbstract":"The dominant source of variance in line transect sampling is usually the encounter rate variance. Systematic survey designs are often used to reduce the true variability among different realizations of the design, but estimating the variance is difficult and estimators typically approximate the variance by treating the design as a simple random sample of lines. We explore the properties of different encounter rate variance estimators under random and systematic designs. We show that a design-based variance estimator improves upon the model-based estimator of Buckland et al. (2001, Introduction to Distance Sampling. Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 79) when transects are positioned at random. However, if populations exhibit strong spatial trends, both estimators can have substantial positive bias under systematic designs. We show that poststratification is effective in reducing this bias. ?? 2008, The International Biometric Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biometrics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1541-0420.2008.01018.x","issn":"0006341X","usgsCitation":"Fewster, R., Buckland, S., Burnham, K., Borchers, D., Jupp, P., Laake, J., and Thomas, L., 2009, Estimating the encounter rate variance in distance sampling: Biometrics, v. 65, no. 1, p. 225-236, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0420.2008.01018.x.","startPage":"225","endPage":"236","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476128,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0420.2008.01018.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":215819,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0420.2008.01018.x"},{"id":243645,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-03-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b5ae4b0c8380cd526af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fewster, R.M.","contributorId":44004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fewster","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buckland, S.T.","contributorId":84586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckland","given":"S.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burnham, K.P.","contributorId":63760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burnham","given":"K.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Borchers, D.L.","contributorId":52808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borchers","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jupp, P.E.","contributorId":107523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jupp","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Laake, J.L.","contributorId":50372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laake","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Thomas, L.","contributorId":37678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70034856,"text":"70034856 - 2009 - Impacts of episodic acidification on in-stream survival and physiological impairment of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-05T15:27:28","indexId":"70034856","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of episodic acidification on in-stream survival and physiological impairment of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts","docAbstract":"We conducted field studies to determine the levels of acid and aluminum (Al) that affect survival, smolt development, ion homeostasis, and stress in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts in restoration streams of the Connecticut River in southern Vermont, USA. Fish were held in cages in five streams encompassing a wide range of acid and Al levels for two 6-day intervals during the peak of smolt development in late April and early May. Physiological parameters were unchanged from initial sampling at the hatchery and the high water quality reference site (pH &gt; 7.0, inorganic Al &lt; 12 μg·L<sup>-1</sup>). Mortality, substantial loss of plasma chloride, and gill Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase activity, and elevated gill Al occurred at sites with the lowest pH (5.4-5.6) and highest inorganic Al (50-80 μg·L<sup>-1</sup>). Moderate loss of plasma chloride, increased plasma cortisol and glucose, and moderately elevated gill Al occurred at less severely impacted sites. Gill Al was a better predictor of integrated physiological impacts than water chemistry alone. The results indicate that Al and low pH under field conditions in some New England streams can cause mortality and impair smolt development in juvenile Atlantic salmon and provide direct evidence that episodic acidification is impacting conservation and recovery of Atlantic salmon in the northeastern USA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/F09-002","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"McCormick, S., Keyes, A., Nislow, K., and Monette, M., 2009, Impacts of episodic acidification on in-stream survival and physiological impairment of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 66, no. 3, p. 394-403, https://doi.org/10.1139/F09-002.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"394","endPage":"403","costCenters":[{"id":197,"text":"Conte Anadromous Fish Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":215733,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/F09-002"},{"id":243556,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a38e9e4b0c8380cd61726","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCormick, S. D. 0000-0003-0621-6200","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":20278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"S. D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":447973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keyes, A.","contributorId":92510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keyes","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nislow, K.H.","contributorId":66477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nislow","given":"K.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Monette, M.Y.","contributorId":77646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monette","given":"M.Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035377,"text":"70035377 - 2009 - The effect of moisture content on the thermal conductivity of moss and organic soil horizons from black spruce ecosystems in interior alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:54","indexId":"70035377","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3419,"text":"Soil Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of moisture content on the thermal conductivity of moss and organic soil horizons from black spruce ecosystems in interior alaska","docAbstract":"Organic soil horizons function as important controls on the thermal state of near-surface soil and permafrost in high-latitude ecosystems. The thermal conductivity of organic horizons is typically lower than mineral soils and is closely linked to moisture content, bulk density, and water phase. In this study, we examined the relationship between thermal conductivity and soil moisture for different moss and organic horizon types in black spruce ecosystems of interior Alaska. We sampled organic horizons from feather moss-dominated and Sphagnum-dominated stands and divided horizons into live moss and fibrous and amorphous organic matter. Thermal conductivity measurements were made across a range of moisture contents using the transient line heat source method. Our findings indicate a strong positive and linear relationship between thawed thermal conductivity (K<sub>t</sub>) and volumetric water content. We observed similar regression parameters (?? or slope) across moss types and organic horizons types and small differences in ??<sub>0</sub> (y intercept) across organic horizon types. Live Sphagnum spp. had a higher range of K<sub>t</sub> than did live feather moss because of the field capacity (laboratory based) of live Sphagnum spp. In northern regions, the thermal properties of organic soil horizons play a critical role in mediating the effects of climate warming on permafrost conditions. Findings from this study could improve model parameterization of thermal properties in organic horizons and enhance our understanding of future permafrost and ecosystem dynamics. ?? 2009 by Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Soil Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1097/SS.0b013e3181c4a7f8","issn":"0038075X","usgsCitation":"O'Donnell, J., Romanovsky, V., Harden, J., and McGuire, A., 2009, The effect of moisture content on the thermal conductivity of moss and organic soil horizons from black spruce ecosystems in interior alaska: Soil Science, v. 174, no. 12, p. 646-651, https://doi.org/10.1097/SS.0b013e3181c4a7f8.","startPage":"646","endPage":"651","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215375,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SS.0b013e3181c4a7f8"},{"id":243174,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"174","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bab38e4b08c986b322cd4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O'Donnell, J. A.","contributorId":85367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Donnell","given":"J. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Romanovsky, V.E.","contributorId":54721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romanovsky","given":"V.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harden, J.W. 0000-0002-6570-8259","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":38585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034769,"text":"70034769 - 2009 - Scientific communications: Re-Os sulfide (bornite, chalcopyrite, and pyrite) systematics of the carbonate-hosted copper deposits at ruby creek, southern brooks range, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:41","indexId":"70034769","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Scientific communications: Re-Os sulfide (bornite, chalcopyrite, and pyrite) systematics of the carbonate-hosted copper deposits at ruby creek, southern brooks range, Alaska","docAbstract":"New Re-Os data for chalcopyrite, bornite, and pyrite from the carbonate-hosted Cu deposit at Ruby Creek (Bornite), Alaska, show extremely high Re abundances (hundreds of ppb, low ppm) and contain essentially no common Os. The Re-Os data provide the first absolute ages of ore formation for the carbonate-hosted Ruby Creek Cu-(Co) deposit and demonstrate that the Re-Os systematics of pyrite, chalcopyrite, and bornite are unaffected by greenschist metamorphism. The Re-Os data show that the main phase of Cu mineralization pre dominantly occurred at 384 ?? 4.2 Ma, with an earlier phase possibly at ???400 Ma. The Re-Os data are consistent with the observed paragenetic sequence and coincide with zircon U-Pb ages from igneous rocks within the Ambler metallogenic belt, some of which are spatially and genetically associated with regional volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits. The latter may suggest a temporal link between regional magmatism and hydrothermal mineralization in the Ambler district. The utility of bornite and chalcopyrite, in addition to pyrite, contributes to a new understanding of Re-Os geochronology and permits a refinement of the genetic model for the Ruby Creek deposit. ?? 2009 Society of Economices Geologists, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Economic Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.104.3.437","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Selby, D., Kelley, K., Hitzman, M., and Zieg, J., 2009, Scientific communications: Re-Os sulfide (bornite, chalcopyrite, and pyrite) systematics of the carbonate-hosted copper deposits at ruby creek, southern brooks range, Alaska: Economic Geology, v. 104, no. 3, p. 437-444, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.104.3.437.","startPage":"437","endPage":"444","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":502582,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1554087","text":"External Repository"},{"id":215812,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.104.3.437"},{"id":243638,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"104","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8782e4b08c986b31650a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Selby, D.","contributorId":57623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selby","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelley, K.D. 0000-0002-3232-5809","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3232-5809","contributorId":75157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"K.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hitzman, M.W.","contributorId":107906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitzman","given":"M.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zieg, J.","contributorId":100638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zieg","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034671,"text":"70034671 - 2009 - Analysis of a cryolava flow-like feature on Titan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-14T16:09:40.496529","indexId":"70034671","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3083,"text":"Planetary and Space Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of a cryolava flow-like feature on Titan","docAbstract":"<p><span>This paper reports on the analysis of the highest spatial resolution hyperspectral images acquired by the Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) onboard the Cassini spacecraft during its prime mission. A bright area matches a flow-like feature coming out of a caldera-like feature observed in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data recorded by the Cassini radar experiment [Lopes et al., 2007. Cryovolcanic features on Titan's surface as revealed by the Cassini Titan Radar Mapper. Icarus 186, 395–412, doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2006.09.006]. In this SAR image, the flow extends about 160</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>km east of the caldera. The contrast in brightness between the flow and the surroundings progressively vanishes, suggesting alteration or evolution of the composition of the cryolava during the lifetime of the eruptions. Dunes seem to cover part of this flow on its eastern end. We analyze the different terrains using the Spectral Mixing Analysis (SMA) approach of the Multiple-Endmember Linear Unmixing Model (MELSUM, Combe et al., 2008). The study area can be fully modeled by using only two types of terrains. Then, the VIMS spectra are compared with laboratory spectra of known materials in the relevant atmospheric windows (from 1 to 2.78</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>μm). We considered simple molecules that could be produced during cryovolcanic events, including H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O, CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;(using two different grain sizes), CH</span><sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;and NH</span><sub>3</sub><span>. We find that the mean spectrum of the cryoflow-like feature is not consistent with pure water ice. It can be best fitted by linear combinations of spectra of the candidate materials, showing that its composition is compatible with a mixture of H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O, CH</span><sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;and CO</span><sub>2.</sub></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.pss.2009.03.005","usgsCitation":"Le Corre, L., Le Mouelic, S., Sotin, C., Combe, J.#., Rodriguez, S., Barnes, J.W., Brown, R.H., Buratti, B.J., Jaumann, R., Soderblom, J., Soderblom, L., Clark, R., Baines, K.H., and Nicholson, P.D., 2009, Analysis of a cryolava flow-like feature on Titan: Planetary and Space Science, v. 57, no. 7, p. 870-879, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2009.03.005.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"870","endPage":"879","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243606,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Titan","volume":"57","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb02e4b0c8380cd48b58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Le Corre, L.","contributorId":92874,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Le Corre","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Le Mouelic, S.","contributorId":92786,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Le Mouelic","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sotin, Christophe","contributorId":53924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sotin","given":"Christophe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Combe, J. #NAME?","contributorId":37982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Combe","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"#NAME?","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rodriguez, S.","contributorId":54329,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Barnes, J. W.","contributorId":14554,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barnes","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Brown, R. H.","contributorId":19931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Buratti, B. J.","contributorId":69280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buratti","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Jaumann, R.","contributorId":81232,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jaumann","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Soderblom, J.","contributorId":52699,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Soderblom","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Soderblom, L.A. 0000-0002-0917-853X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0917-853X","contributorId":6139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soderblom","given":"L.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Clark, R.","contributorId":100780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Baines, K. H.","contributorId":37868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baines","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Nicholson, P. D.","contributorId":54330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicholson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":70034764,"text":"70034764 - 2009 - Reducing streamflow forecast uncertainty: Application and qualitative assessment of the upper klamath river Basin, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:42","indexId":"70034764","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reducing streamflow forecast uncertainty: Application and qualitative assessment of the upper klamath river Basin, Oregon","docAbstract":"The accuracy of streamflow forecasts depends on the uncertainty associated with future weather and the accuracy of the hydrologic model that is used to produce the forecasts. We present a method for streamflow forecasting where hydrologic model parameters are selected based on the climate state. Parameter sets for a hydrologic model are conditioned on an atmospheric pressure index defined using mean November through February (NDJF) 700-hectoPascal geopotential heights over northwestern North America [Pressure Index from Geopotential heights (PIG)]. The hydrologic model is applied in the Sprague River basin (SRB), a snowmelt-dominated basin located in the Upper Klamath basin in Oregon. In the SRB, the majority of streamflow occurs during March through May (MAM). Water years (WYs) 1980-2004 were divided into three groups based on their respective PIG values (high, medium, and low PIG). Low (high) PIG years tend to have higher (lower) than average MAM streamflow. Four parameter sets were calibrated for the SRB, each using a different set of WYs. The initial set used WYs 1995-2004 and the remaining three used WYs defined as high-, medium-, and low-PIG years. Two sets of March, April, and May streamflow volume forecasts were made using Ensemble Streamflow Prediction (ESP). The first set of ESP simulations used the initial parameter set. Because the PIG is defined using NDJF pressure heights, forecasts starting in March can be made using the PIG parameter set that corresponds with the year being forecasted. The second set of ESP simulations used the parameter set associated with the given PIG year. Comparison of the ESP sets indicates that more accuracy and less variability in volume forecasts may be possible when the ESP is conditioned using the PIG. This is especially true during the high-PIG years (low-flow years). ?? 2009 American Water Resources Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2009.00307.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Hay, L., McCabe, G., Clark, M., and Risley, J.C., 2009, Reducing streamflow forecast uncertainty: Application and qualitative assessment of the upper klamath river Basin, Oregon: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 45, no. 3, p. 580-596, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2009.00307.x.","startPage":"580","endPage":"596","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215728,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2009.00307.x"},{"id":243550,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a3d1e4b0e8fec6cdb9b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hay, L.E.","contributorId":54253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hay","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCabe, G.J. 0000-0002-9258-2997","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-2997","contributorId":12961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"G.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clark, M.P.","contributorId":49558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"M.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Risley, J. C.","contributorId":88780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risley","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036980,"text":"70036980 - 2009 - Climate alters response of an endemic island plant to removal of invasive herbivores","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036980","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate alters response of an endemic island plant to removal of invasive herbivores","docAbstract":"Islands experience higher rates of species extinction than mainland ecosystems, with biological invasions among the leading causes; they also serve as important model systems for testing ideas in basic and applied ecology. Invasive removal programs on islands are conservation efforts that can also be viewed as powerful manipulative experiments, but few data are available to evaluate their effects. We collected demographic and herbivore damage data for Castilleja mollis Pennell, an endangered plant endemic to Santa Rosa Island, California, over a 12-year period before, during, and after the implementation of control for introduced cattle, deer, and elk. We used these long-term data to explore mechanisms underlying herbivore effects, assess the results of herbivore reduction at the scales of both individual plants and populations, and determine how temporal variability in herbivory and plant demography influenced responses to herbivore removals. For individual plants, herbivore effects mediated by disturbance were greater than those of grazing. Deer and elk scraping of the ground substantially increased plant mortality and dormancy and reduced flowering and growth. Stem damage from browsing did not affect survivorship but significantly reduced plant growth and flower production. Herbivore control successfully lowered damage rates, which declined steeply between 1997 and 2000 and have remained relatively low. Castilleja mollis abundances rose sharply after 1997, suggesting a positive effect of herbivore control, but then began to decline steadily again after 2003. The recent decline appears to be driven by higher mean growing season temperatures; interestingly, not only reductions in scraping damage but a period of cooler conditions were significant in explaining increases in C. mollis populations between 1997 and 2002. Our results demonstrate strong effects of introduced herbivores on both plant demography and population dynamics and show that climate-driven variation may counteract and mask positive responses to herbivore removal. Regional mean temperatures already have risen significantly over the last 50 years, suggesting that climate change could increasingly swamp the effects of management targeted at other environmental problems. Similar interactions between climate and invasive species will play an even greater role in future management, with long-term data sets like this critical to quantifying such effects. ?? 2009 by the Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/08-1574.1","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Kathryn, M.A., Thomson, D., and Chess, K., 2009, Climate alters response of an endemic island plant to removal of invasive herbivores: Ecological Applications, v. 19, no. 6, p. 1574-1584, https://doi.org/10.1890/08-1574.1.","startPage":"1574","endPage":"1584","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217777,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/08-1574.1"},{"id":245745,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f648e4b0c8380cd4c66a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kathryn, Mceachern A.","contributorId":31233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kathryn","given":"Mceachern","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomson, D.M.","contributorId":104740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomson","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chess, K.A.","contributorId":72731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chess","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034372,"text":"70034372 - 2009 - Scaling the effects of moose browsing on forage distribution, from the geometry of plant canopies to landscapes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:48","indexId":"70034372","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1459,"text":"Ecological Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Scaling the effects of moose browsing on forage distribution, from the geometry of plant canopies to landscapes","docAbstract":"Landscape heterogeneity influences large herbivores by altering their feeding rates, but as herbivores attempt to maximize feeding rates they also create spatial heterogeneity by altering plant growth. Herbivore feeding rates thus provide a quantitative link between the causes and consequences of spatial heterogeneity in herbivore-dominated ecosystems. The fractal geometry of plant canopies determines both the density and mass of twigs available to foraging herbivores. These properties determine a threshold distance between plants (d<sup>*</sup>) that distinguishes the mechanisms regulating herbivore intake rates. When d<sup>*</sup> is greater than the actual distance between plants (d), intake is regulated by the rate of food processing in the mouth. But when d<sup>*</sup> &lt; d, intake is regulated by the rate at which the herbivore encounters new plants. Alterations to plant geometry due to past browsing could change the rate at which herbivores encounter and process bites of plant tissue, modify d<sup>*</sup> relative to d, and thus change intake rates and the distribution of mechanisms regulating it across landscapes. We measured changes in the geometry of aspen (Populus tremuloides) and balsam fir (Abies balsamea) saplings along gradients of moose browsing from 2001 to 2005 at Isle Royale National Park, Michigan, USA. For aspen saplings, fractal dimension of bite density, bite mass, and forage biomass responded quadratically to increasing moose browsing and were greatest at -3-4 g-g.m-2.yr\"<sup>1</sup> consumption. For balsam fir, in contrast, these same measures declined steadily with increasing moose browsing. The different responses of plant canopies to increased browsing altered d<sup>*</sup> around plants. In summer, d<sup>*</sup> &gt; d for aspen saplings at all prior consumption levels. Food processing therefore regulated summer moose feeding rates across our landscapes. In winter, changes in bite mass due to past browsing were sufficient to cause d<sup>*</sup> &lt; d for aspen and balsam fir. Therefore, travel velocity and food processing jointly regulated intake rate during winter. Browsing-induced changes in the small-scale geometry of plant canopies can determine intake rate at larger spatial scales by changing d<sup>*</sup> relative to d and, hence, which mechanisms determine intake rate, essentially altering how herbivores sense the distribution of their food resources. ?? 2009 by the Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Monographs","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/08-0149.1","issn":"00129615","usgsCitation":"De Jager, N., Pastor, J., and Hodgson, A., 2009, Scaling the effects of moose browsing on forage distribution, from the geometry of plant canopies to landscapes: Ecological Monographs, v. 79, no. 2, p. 281-297, https://doi.org/10.1890/08-0149.1.","startPage":"281","endPage":"297","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216588,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/08-0149.1"},{"id":244468,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b871be4b08c986b3162ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"De Jager, N. R.","contributorId":72610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Jager","given":"N. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pastor, J.","contributorId":25784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pastor","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hodgson, A.L.","contributorId":6286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodgson","given":"A.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70036946,"text":"70036946 - 2009 - Flood frequency analysis for nonstationary annual peak records in an urban drainage basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036946","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":664,"text":"Advances in Water Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flood frequency analysis for nonstationary annual peak records in an urban drainage basin","docAbstract":"Flood frequency analysis in urban watersheds is complicated by nonstationarities of annual peak records associated with land use change and evolving urban stormwater infrastructure. In this study, a framework for flood frequency analysis is developed based on the Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale and Shape parameters (GAMLSS), a tool for modeling time series under nonstationary conditions. GAMLSS is applied to annual maximum peak discharge records for Little Sugar Creek, a highly urbanized watershed which drains the urban core of Charlotte, North Carolina. It is shown that GAMLSS is able to describe the variability in the mean and variance of the annual maximum peak discharge by modeling the parameters of the selected parametric distribution as a smooth function of time via cubic splines. Flood frequency analyses for Little Sugar Creek (at a drainage area of 110 km<sup>2</sup>) show that the maximum flow with a 0.01-annual probability (corresponding to 100-year flood peak under stationary conditions) over the 83-year record has ranged from a minimum unit discharge of 2.1 m<sup>3</sup> s<sup>- 1</sup> km<sup>- 2</sup> to a maximum of 5.1 m<sup>3</sup> s<sup>- 1</sup> km<sup>- 2</sup>. An alternative characterization can be made by examining the estimated return interval of the peak discharge that would have an annual exceedance probability of 0.01 under the assumption of stationarity (3.2 m<sup>3</sup> s<sup>- 1</sup> km<sup>- 2</sup>). Under nonstationary conditions, alternative definitions of return period should be adapted. Under the GAMLSS model, the return interval of an annual peak discharge of 3.2 m<sup>3</sup> s<sup>- 1</sup> km<sup>- 2</sup> ranges from a maximum value of more than 5000 years in 1957 to a minimum value of almost 8 years for the present time (2007). The GAMLSS framework is also used to examine the links between population trends and flood frequency, as well as trends in annual maximum rainfall. These analyses are used to examine evolving flood frequency over future decades. ?? 2009 Elsevier Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Advances in Water Resources","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2009.05.003","issn":"03091708","usgsCitation":"Villarini, G., Smith, J.A., Serinaldi, F., Bales, J., Bates, P., and Krajewski, W., 2009, Flood frequency analysis for nonstationary annual peak records in an urban drainage basin: Advances in Water Resources, v. 32, no. 8, p. 1255-1266, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2009.05.003.","startPage":"1255","endPage":"1266","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217638,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2009.05.003"},{"id":245595,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a10ebe4b0c8380cd53e61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Villarini, G.","contributorId":25391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villarini","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, J. A.","contributorId":101646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Serinaldi, F.","contributorId":68995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Serinaldi","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bales, J.","contributorId":54050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bales","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bates, P.D.","contributorId":46340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bates","given":"P.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Krajewski, W.F.","contributorId":21799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krajewski","given":"W.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70032458,"text":"70032458 - 2009 - Turbulent stresses and secondary currents in a tidal-forced channel with significant curvature and asymmetric bed forms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-10T17:29:25.087434","indexId":"70032458","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2338,"text":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Turbulent stresses and secondary currents in a tidal-forced channel with significant curvature and asymmetric bed forms","docAbstract":"<div class=\"NLM_sec NLM_sec_level_1 hlFld-Abstract\"><p>Acoustic Doppler current profilers are deployed to measure both the mean flow and turbulent properties in a channel with significant curvature. Direct measurements of the Reynolds stress show a significant asymmetry over the tidal cycle where stresses are enhanced during the flood tide and less prominent over the ebb tide. This asymmetry is corroborated by logarithmic fits using<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"equationTd\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;inline&quot; overflow=&quot;scroll&quot;><mrow><mn>10</mn><mspace width=&quot;0.3em&quot; /><mi>min</mi></mrow></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-1\" class=\"math\"><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-2\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-3\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-4\" class=\"mn\">10</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-5\" class=\"mspace\"></span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-6\" class=\"mi\">min</span></span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">10min</span></span></span><span>&nbsp;</span>averaged velocity data. A smaller yet similar tendency asymmetry in drag coefficient is inferred by fitting the velocity and estimated large-scale pressure gradient to a one-dimensional along-channel momentum balance. This smaller asymmetry is consistent with recent modeling work simulating regional flows in the vicinity of the study site. The asymmetry in drag suggests the importance of previously reported bed forms for this channel and demonstrates spatial and temporarily variations in bed stress. Secondary circulation patterns observed in a relatively straight section of channel appear driven by local curvature rather than being remotely forced by the regions of significant curvature only a few hundred meters from the measurement site.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2009)135:3(198)","usgsCitation":"Fong, D., Monismith, S., Stacey, M., and Burau, J., 2009, Turbulent stresses and secondary currents in a tidal-forced channel with significant curvature and asymmetric bed forms: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, v. 135, no. 3, p. 198-208, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2009)135:3(198).","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"198","endPage":"208","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241547,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"135","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb8f4e4b08c986b327b3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fong, D.A.","contributorId":27624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fong","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Monismith, Stephen G.","contributorId":57228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monismith","given":"Stephen G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stacey, M.T.","contributorId":82874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stacey","given":"M.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burau, J.R. 0000-0002-5196-5035","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5196-5035","contributorId":7307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burau","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035820,"text":"70035820 - 2009 - A one-dimensional heat-transport model for conduit flow in karst aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:49","indexId":"70035820","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A one-dimensional heat-transport model for conduit flow in karst aquifers","docAbstract":"A one-dimensional heat-transport model for conduit flow in karst aquifers is presented as an alternative to two or three-dimensional distributed-parameter models, which are data intensive and require knowledge of conduit locations. This model can be applied for cases where water temperature in a well or spring receives all or part of its water from a phreatic conduit. Heat transport in the conduit is simulated by using a physically-based heat-transport equation that accounts for inflow of diffuse flow from smaller openings and fissures in the surrounding aquifer during periods of low recharge. Additional diffuse flow that is within the zone of influence of the well or spring but has not interacted with the conduit is accounted for with a binary mixing equation to proportion these different water sources. The estimation of this proportion through inverse modeling is useful for the assessment of contaminant vulnerability and well-head or spring protection. The model was applied to 7 months of continuous temperature data for a sinking stream that recharges a conduit and a pumped well open to the Madison aquifer in western South Dakota. The simulated conduit-flow fraction to the well ranged from 2% to 31% of total flow, and simulated conduit velocity ranged from 44 to 353 m/d.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.09.024","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Long, A., and Gilcrease, P., 2009, A one-dimensional heat-transport model for conduit flow in karst aquifers: Journal of Hydrology, v. 378, no. 3-4, p. 230-239, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.09.024.","startPage":"230","endPage":"239","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243955,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216109,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.09.024"}],"volume":"378","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e4cae4b0c8380cd4692b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Long, Andrew J.","contributorId":80023,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Long","given":"Andrew J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilcrease, P.C.","contributorId":58116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilcrease","given":"P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033921,"text":"70033921 - 2009 - Surface complexation modeling of U(VI) adsorption by aquifer sediments from a former mill tailings site at Rifle, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:33","indexId":"70033921","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surface complexation modeling of U(VI) adsorption by aquifer sediments from a former mill tailings site at Rifle, Colorado","docAbstract":"A study of U(VI) adsorption by aquifer sediment samples from a former uranium mill tailings site at Rifle, Colorado, was conducted under oxic conditions as a function of pH, U(VI), Ca, and dissolved carbonate concentration. Batch adsorption experiments were performed using &lt;2mm size sediment fractions, a sand-sized fraction, and artificial groundwater solutions prepared to simulate the field groundwater composition. To encompass the geochemical conditions of the alluvial aquifer at the site, the experimental conditions ranged from 6.8 ?? 10<sup>-8</sup> to 10<sup>-5</sup> M in [U(VI)]tot, 7.2 to 8.0 in pH, 3.0 ?? 10<sup>-3</sup> to 6.0 ?? 10 <sup>-3</sup> M in [Ca<sup>2+</sup>], and 0.05 to 2.6% in partial pressure of carbon dioxide. Surface area normalized U(VI) adsorption Kd values for the sand and &lt;2 mm sediment fraction were similar, suggesting a similar reactive surface coating on both fractions. A two-site two-reaction, nonelectrostatic generalized composite surface complexation model was developed and successfully simulated the U(VI) adsorption data. The model successfully predicted U(VI) adsorption observed from a multilevel sampling well installed at the site. A comparison of the model with the one developed previously for a uranium mill tailings site at Naturita, Colorado, indicated that possible calcite nonequilibrium of dissolved calcium concentration should be evaluated. The modeling results also illustrate the importance of the range of data used in deriving the best fit model parameters. ?? 2009 American Chemical Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es902164n","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Hyun, S., Fox, P., Davis, J., Campbell, K., Hayes, K., and Long, P., 2009, Surface complexation modeling of U(VI) adsorption by aquifer sediments from a former mill tailings site at Rifle, Colorado: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 43, no. 24, p. 9368-9373, https://doi.org/10.1021/es902164n.","startPage":"9368","endPage":"9373","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214186,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es902164n"},{"id":241880,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9f9ce4b08c986b31e6f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hyun, S.P.","contributorId":88164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hyun","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fox, P.M.","contributorId":47949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fox","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, J.A.","contributorId":71694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Campbell, K.M.","contributorId":42438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hayes, K.F.","contributorId":103089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"K.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Long, P.E.","contributorId":37514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
]}