Variation in fish abundance across systems presents a challenge to our understanding of fish populations because it limits our ability to predict and transfer basic ecological principles to applied problems. Yellow perch (Perca flavescens) is an ideal species for exploring environmental and biotic correlates across system because it is widely distributed and physiologically tolerant. In 16 small, adjacent systems that span a wide range of environmental and biotic conditions, yellow perch were sampled with a standard suite of gear. Water quality, morphometry, vegetation, invertebrates and fish communities were concurrently measured. Multimodel inference was used to prioritise regressors for the entire yellow perch sample and three size groups (35-80, 81-180, ≥181 mm TL). Across systems, pH and fish richness were identified as the key drivers of yellow perch abundance. At very low pH (<4.0), few fish species and few yellow perch individuals were found. At ponds with moderately low pH (4.0–4.8), numbers of yellow perch increased. Ponds with high pH (>4.8) had many other species and few yellow perch. Similar patterns for pH and fish community were observed for the two largest‐size classes. Negative interactions were observed between the medium‐ and large‐sized yellow perch and between the largest and smallest yellow perch, although interspecific interactions were weaker than expected. This examination of variability for an indicator species and its component‐size classes provides ecological understanding that can help frame the larger‐scale sampling programs needed for the conservation of freshwater fish.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0633.2008.00335.x","usgsCitation":"Carey, M.P., and Mather, M.E., 2009, Identifying across‐system sources of variation in a generalist freshwater fish: Correlates of total and size‐specific abundance of yellow perch : Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 18, no. 1, p. 145-155, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2008.00335.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"145","endPage":"155","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244061,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3846e4b0c8380cd614e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carey, Michael P. 0000-0002-3327-8995 mcarey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3327-8995","contributorId":5397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carey","given":"Michael","email":"mcarey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":453416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mather, M. E.","contributorId":71708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mather","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70035996,"text":"70035996 - 2009 - Incorporating both physical and kinetic limitations in quantifying dissolved oxygen flux to aquatic sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:51","indexId":"70035996","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2255,"text":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Incorporating both physical and kinetic limitations in quantifying dissolved oxygen flux to aquatic sediments","docAbstract":"Traditionally, dissolved oxygen (DO) fluxes have been calculated using the thin-film theory with DO microstructure data in systems characterized by fine sediments and low velocities. However, recent experimental evidence of fluctuating DO concentrations near the sediment-water interface suggests that turbulence and coherent motions control the mass transfer, and the surface renewal theory gives a more mechanistic model for quantifying fluxes. Both models involve quantifying the mass transfer coefficient (k) and the relevant concentration difference (??C). This study compared several empirical models for quantifying k based on both thin-film and surface renewal theories, as well as presents a new method for quantifying ??C (dynamic approach) that is consistent with the observed DO concentration fluctuations near the interface. Data were used from a series of flume experiments that includes both physical and kinetic uptake limitations of the flux. Results indicated that methods for quantifying k and ??C using the surface renewal theory better estimated the DO flux across a range of fluid-flow conditions. ?? 2009 ASCE.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000093","issn":"07339372","usgsCitation":"O’Connor, B., Hondzo, M., and Harvey, J., 2009, Incorporating both physical and kinetic limitations in quantifying dissolved oxygen flux to aquatic sediments: Journal of Environmental Engineering, v. 135, no. 12, p. 1304-1314, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000093.","startPage":"1304","endPage":"1314","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216094,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000093"},{"id":243936,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"135","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39e7e4b0c8380cd61a98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Connor, B.L.","contributorId":24977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Connor","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hondzo, Miki","contributorId":11816,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hondzo","given":"Miki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12693,"text":"Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo- Engineering and St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, Minneapolis, MN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":453527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harvey, J. W. 0000-0002-2654-9873","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2654-9873","contributorId":39725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70035998,"text":"70035998 - 2009 - The relative influence of geographic location and reach-scale habitat on benthic invertebrate assemblages in six ecoregions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:50","indexId":"70035998","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The relative influence of geographic location and reach-scale habitat on benthic invertebrate assemblages in six ecoregions","docAbstract":"The objective of this study was to determine the relative influence of reach-specific habitat variables and geographic location on benthic invertebrate assemblages within six ecoregions across the Western USA. This study included 417 sites from six ecoregions. A total of 301 taxa were collected with the highest richness associated with ecoregions dominated by streams with coarse substrate (19-29 taxa per site). Lowest richness (seven to eight taxa per site) was associated with ecoregions dominated by fine-grain substrate. Principle component analysis (PCA) on reach-scale habitat separated the six ecoregions into those in high-gradient mountainous areas (Coast Range, Cascades, and Southern Rockies) and those in lower-gradient ecoregions (Central Great Plains and Central California Valley). Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMS) models performed best in ecoregions dominated by coarse-grain substrate and high taxa richness, along with coarse-grain substrates sites combined from multiple ecoregions regardless of location. In contrast, ecoregions or site combinations dominated by fine-grain substrate had poor model performance (high stress). Four NMS models showed that geographic location (i.e. latitude and longitude) was important for: (1) all ecoregions combined, (2) all sites dominated by coarse-grain sub strate combined, (3) Cascades Ecoregion, and (4) Columbia Ecoregion. Local factors (i.e. substrate or water temperature) seem to be overriding factors controlling invertebrate composition across the West, regardless of geographic location. ?? The Author(s) 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10661-008-0372-9","issn":"01676369","usgsCitation":"Munn, M., Waite, I., Larsen, D.P., and Herlihy, A., 2009, The relative influence of geographic location and reach-scale habitat on benthic invertebrate assemblages in six ecoregions: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 154, no. 1-4, p. 1-14, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-008-0372-9.","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487288,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-008-0372-9","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":216122,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-008-0372-9"},{"id":243969,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"154","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-07-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baf2de4b08c986b3245e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Munn, M.D.","contributorId":77908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munn","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waite, I.R.","contributorId":41039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"I.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Larsen, D. P.","contributorId":17012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larsen","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Herlihy, A.T.","contributorId":31168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herlihy","given":"A.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036000,"text":"70036000 - 2009 - Characterization of Santa Catarina (Brazil) coal with respect to human health and environmental concerns","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:50","indexId":"70036000","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1538,"text":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of Santa Catarina (Brazil) coal with respect to human health and environmental concerns","docAbstract":"The current paper presents the concentration, distribution, and modes of occurrence of trace elements of 13 coals from south Brazil. The samples were collected in the state of Santa Catarina. Chemical analyses and the high ash yields indicate that all studied coals are rich in mineral matter, with SiO2 and Al2O3 dominating as determined by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Quartz is the main mineral species and is associated with minor levels of feldspars, kaolinite, hematite, and iron-rich carbonates. The contents of trace elements, including As, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, Mn, Be, V, U, Zn, Li, Cu, Tl, and Ni, in coals were determined. A comparison of ranges and means of elemental concentrations in Santa Catarina, Brazil, and world coals shows that the ranges of most elements in Santa Catarina coal are very close to the usual worldwide concentration ranges in coal. ?? Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10653-008-9200-y","issn":"02694042","usgsCitation":"Silva, L., Oliveira, M., Boit, K., and Finkelman, R.B., 2009, Characterization of Santa Catarina (Brazil) coal with respect to human health and environmental concerns: Environmental Geochemistry and Health, v. 31, no. 4, p. 475-485, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-008-9200-y.","startPage":"475","endPage":"485","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216152,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10653-008-9200-y"},{"id":244001,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-08-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4bce4b0c8380cd4bea1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Silva, L.F.O.","contributorId":23782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silva","given":"L.F.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oliveira, M.L.S.","contributorId":63238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oliveira","given":"M.L.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boit, K.M.","contributorId":45926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boit","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Finkelman, R. B.","contributorId":20341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkelman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036003,"text":"70036003 - 2009 - Late Pleistocene Sea level on the New Jersey Margin: Implications to eustasy and deep-sea temperature","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:03","indexId":"70036003","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1844,"text":"Global and Planetary Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Pleistocene Sea level on the New Jersey Margin: Implications to eustasy and deep-sea temperature","docAbstract":"We assembled and dated a late Pleistocene sea-level record based on sequence stratigraphy from the New Jersey margin and compared it with published records from fossil uplifted coral reefs in New Guinea, Barbados, and Araki Island, as well as a composite sea-level estimate from scaling of Red Sea isotopic values. Radiocarbon dates, amino acid racemization data, and superposition constrain the ages of large (20-80??m) sea-level falls from New Jersey that correlate with Marine Isotope Chrons (MIC) 2, 3b, 4, 5b, and 6 (the past 130??kyr). The sea-level records for MIC 1, 2, 4, 5e, and 6 are similar to those reported from New Guinea, Barbados, Araki, and the Red Sea; some differences exist among records for MIC 3. Our record consistently provides the shallowest sea level estimates for MIC3 (??? 25-60??m below present); it agrees most closely with the New Guinea record of Chappell (2002; ??? 35-70??m), but contrasts with deeper estimates provided by Araki (??? 85-95??m) and the Red Sea (50-90??m). Comparison of eustatic estimates with benthic foraminiferal ??18O records shows that the deep sea cooled ??? 2.5????C between MIC 5e and 5d (??? 120-110??ka) and that near freezing conditions persisted until Termination 1a (14-15??ka). Sea-level variations between MIC 5b and 2 (ca. 90-20??ka) follow a well-accepted 0.1???/10??m linear variation predicted by ice-growth effects on foraminiferal ??18O values. The pattern of deep-sea cooling follows a previously established hysteresis loop between two stable modes of operation. Cold, near freezing deep-water conditions characterize most of the past 130??kyr punctuated only by two warm intervals (the Holocene/MIC 1 and MIC 5e). We link these variations to changes in Northern Component Water (NCW). ?? 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global and Planetary Change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2008.03.013","issn":"09218181","usgsCitation":"Wright, J., Sheridan, R.E., Miller, K., Uptegrove, J., Cramer, B., and Browning, J., 2009, Late Pleistocene Sea level on the New Jersey Margin: Implications to eustasy and deep-sea temperature: Global and Planetary Change, v. 66, no. 1-2, p. 93-99, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2008.03.013.","startPage":"93","endPage":"99","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246291,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218292,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2008.03.013"}],"volume":"66","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4508e4b0c8380cd66f95","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, J.D.","contributorId":34676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sheridan, R. E.","contributorId":36681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheridan","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, K.G.","contributorId":18094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"K.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Uptegrove, J.","contributorId":78902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uptegrove","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cramer, B.S.","contributorId":32020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cramer","given":"B.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Browning, J.V.","contributorId":18889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Browning","given":"J.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70036006,"text":"70036006 - 2009 - Approximation to cutoffs of higher modes of Rayleigh waves for a layered earth model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:04","indexId":"70036006","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3208,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Approximation to cutoffs of higher modes of Rayleigh waves for a layered earth model","docAbstract":"A cutoff defines the long-period termination of a Rayleigh-wave higher mode and, therefore is a key characteristic of higher mode energy relationship to several material properties of the subsurface. Cutoffs have been used to estimate the shear-wave velocity of an underlying half space of a layered earth model. In this study, we describe a method that replaces the multilayer earth model with a single surface layer overlying the half-space model, accomplished by harmonic averaging of velocities and arithmetic averaging of densities. Using numerical comparisons with theoretical models validates the single-layer approximation. Accuracy of this single-layer approximation is best defined by values of the calculated error in the frequency and phase velocity estimate at a cutoff. Our proposed method is intuitively explained using ray theory. Numerical results indicate that a cutoffs frequency is controlled by the averaged elastic properties within the passing depth of Rayleigh waves and the shear-wave velocity of the underlying half space. ?? Birkh??user Verlag, Basel 2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pure and Applied Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00024-008-0443-4","issn":"00334553","usgsCitation":"Xu, Y., Xia, J., and Miller, R., 2009, Approximation to cutoffs of higher modes of Rayleigh waves for a layered earth model: Pure and Applied Geophysics, v. 166, no. 3, p. 339-351, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-008-0443-4.","startPage":"339","endPage":"351","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218323,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-008-0443-4"},{"id":246322,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"166","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed02e4b0c8380cd49584","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xu, Y.","contributorId":47816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xia, J.","contributorId":63513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xia","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, R. D.","contributorId":92693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036019,"text":"70036019 - 2009 - Effects of climate change on soil moisture over China from 1960-2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-19T15:43:09.856133","indexId":"70036019","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Effects of climate change on soil moisture over China from 1960-2006","docAbstract":"Soil moisture is an important variable in the climate system and it has sensitive impact on the global climate. Obviously it is one of essential components in the climate change study. The Integrated Biosphere Simulator (IBIS) is used to evaluate the spatial and temporal patterns of soil moisture across China under the climate change conditions for the period 1960-2006. Results show that the model performed better in warm season than in cold season. Mean errors (ME) are within 10% for all the months and root mean squared errors (RMSE) are within 10% except winter season. The model captured the spatial variability higher than 50% in warm seasons. Trend analysis based on the Mann-Kendall method indicated that soil moisture in most area of China is decreased especially in the northern China. The areas with significant increasing trends in soil moisture mainly locate at northwestern China and small areas in southeastern China and eastern Tibet plateau. ?? 2009 IEEE.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings - 2009 International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology, ESIAT 2009","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"2009 International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology, ESIAT 2009","conferenceDate":"Jul 4-5, 2009","conferenceLocation":"Wuhan, China","language":"English","doi":"10.1109/ESIAT.2009.24","usgsCitation":"Zhu, Q., Jiang, H., and Liu, J., 2009, Effects of climate change on soil moisture over China from 1960-2006, in Proceedings - 2009 International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology, ESIAT 2009, v. 1, Wuhan, China, Jul 4-5, 2009, p. 140-143, https://doi.org/10.1109/ESIAT.2009.24.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"140","endPage":"143","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246525,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[110.33919,18.6784],[109.47521,18.1977],[108.65521,18.50768],[108.62622,19.36789],[109.11906,19.82104],[110.2116,20.10125],[110.78655,20.07753],[111.01005,19.69593],[110.57065,19.25588],[110.33919,18.6784]]],[[[127.65741,49.76027],[129.39782,49.4406],[130.58229,48.72969],[130.98728,47.79013],[132.50667,47.78897],[133.3736,48.18344],[135.02631,48.47823],[134.50081,47.57844],[134.11236,47.21247],[133.76964,46.11693],[133.09713,45.14407],[131.88345,45.32116],[131.02521,44.96795],[131.28856,44.11152],[131.14469,42.92999],[130.63387,42.90301],[130.64002,42.39501],[129.99427,42.98539],[129.59667,42.42498],[128.05222,41.99428],[128.20843,41.46677],[127.34378,41.50315],[126.86908,41.81657],[126.18205,41.10734],[125.07994,40.56982],[124.26562,39.92849],[122.86757,39.63779],[122.13139,39.17045],[121.05455,38.89747],[121.58599,39.36085],[121.37676,39.75026],[122.1686,40.42244],[121.64036,40.94639],[120.76863,40.59339],[119.6396,39.89806],[119.02346,39.25233],[118.04275,39.20427],[117.5327,38.73764],[118.0597,38.06148],[118.87815,37.89733],[118.91164,37.44846],[119.7028,37.15639],[120.82346,37.87043],[121.71126,37.48112],[122.35794,37.45448],[122.51999,36.93061],[121.10416,36.65133],[120.63701,36.11144],[119.66456,35.60979],[119.15121,34.90986],[120.22752,34.36033],[120.62037,33.37672],[121.22901,32.46032],[121.90815,31.69217],[121.89192,30.94935],[121.26426,30.67627],[121.50352,30.14291],[122.09211,29.83252],[121.93843,29.01802],[121.68444,28.22551],[121.12566,28.13567],[120.39547,27.05321],[119.5855,25.74078],[118.65687,24.54739],[117.28161,23.6245],[115.89074,22.78287],[114.76383,22.66807],[114.15255,22.22376],[113.80678,22.54834],[113.24108,22.05137],[111.84359,21.55049],[110.78547,21.39714],[110.44404,20.34103],[109.88986,20.28246],[109.62766,21.00823],[109.86449,21.39505],[108.52281,21.71521],[108.05018,21.55238],[107.04342,21.8119],[106.56727,22.2182],[106.7254,22.79427],[105.81125,22.97689],[105.32921,23.35206],[104.47686,22.81915],[103.50451,22.70376],[102.70699,22.7088],[102.17044,22.46475],[101.65202,22.3182],[101.80312,21.17437],[101.27003,21.20165],[101.18001,21.43657],[101.15003,21.84998],[100.41654,21.55884],[99.98349,21.74294],[99.2409,22.11831],[99.53199,22.94904],[98.89875,23.14272],[98.66026,24.06329],[97.60472,23.8974],[97.72461,25.08364],[98.67184,25.9187],[98.71209,26.74354],[98.68269,27.50881],[98.24623,27.74722],[97.91199,28.33595],[97.32711,28.26158],[96.24883,28.41103],[96.58659,28.83098],[96.11768,29.4528],[95.4048,29.03172],[94.56599,29.27744],[93.41335,28.64063],[92.50312,27.89688],[91.69666,27.77174],[91.25885,28.04061],[90.73051,28.06495],[90.01583,28.29644],[89.47581,28.04276],[88.81425,27.29932],[88.73033,28.08686],[88.12044,27.87654],[86.95452,27.97426],[85.82332,28.20358],[85.01164,28.64277],[84.23458,28.83989],[83.89899,29.32023],[83.33712,29.46373],[82.32751,30.11527],[81.5258,30.42272],[81.11126,30.18348],[79.72137,30.88271],[78.73889,31.51591],[78.45845,32.61816],[79.17613,32.48378],[79.20889,32.99439],[78.81109,33.5062],[78.91227,34.32194],[77.83745,35.49401],[76.19285,35.8984],[75.8969,36.66681],[75.15803,37.13303],[74.98,37.41999],[74.82999,37.99001],[74.86482,38.37885],[74.25751,38.60651],[73.92885,38.50582],[73.67538,39.43124],[73.96001,39.66001],[73.82224,39.89397],[74.77686,40.36643],[75.46783,40.56207],[76.52637,40.42795],[76.90448,41.06649],[78.1872,41.18532],[78.54366,41.58224],[80.11943,42.12394],[80.25999,42.35],[80.18015,42.92007],[80.86621,43.18036],[79.96611,44.91752],[81.94707,45.31703],[82.45893,45.53965],[83.18048,47.33003],[85.16429,47.00096],[85.72048,47.45297],[85.76823,48.45575],[86.59878,48.54918],[87.35997,49.21498],[87.75126,49.2972],[88.01383,48.59946],[88.8543,48.06908],[90.28083,47.69355],[90.97081,46.88815],[90.58577,45.71972],[90.94554,45.28607],[92.13389,45.11508],[93.48073,44.97547],[94.68893,44.35233],[95.30688,44.24133],[95.76245,43.31945],[96.3494,42.72564],[97.45176,42.74889],[99.51582,42.52469],[100.84587,42.6638],[101.83304,42.51487],[103.31228,41.90747],[104.52228,41.90835],[104.96499,41.59741],[106.12932,42.13433],[107.74477,42.48152],[109.2436,42.51945],[110.4121,42.87123],[111.12968,43.40683],[111.82959,43.74312],[111.66774,44.07318],[111.34838,44.45744],[111.87331,45.10208],[112.43606,45.01165],[113.46391,44.80889],[114.46033,45.33982],[115.9851,45.72724],[116.71787,46.3882],[117.4217,46.67273],[118.87433,46.80541],[119.66327,46.69268],[119.77282,47.04806],[118.86657,47.74706],[118.06414,48.06673],[117.29551,47.69771],[116.30895,47.85341],[115.74284,47.72654],[115.48528,48.13538],[116.1918,49.1346],[116.6788,49.88853],[117.87924,49.51098],[119.28846,50.14288],[119.27937,50.58291],[120.18205,51.64357],[120.73819,51.96412],[120.72579,52.51623],[120.17709,52.75389],[121.00308,53.2514],[122.24575,53.43173],[123.57151,53.4588],[125.06821,53.16104],[125.94635,52.7928],[126.5644,51.78426],[126.93916,51.35389],[127.28746,50.7398],[127.65741,49.76027]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"China\"}}]}","volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a06afe4b0c8380cd51388","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhu, Q.","contributorId":93711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Q.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jiang, H.","contributorId":83731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jiang","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liu, J.","contributorId":23672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036025,"text":"70036025 - 2009 - Tidal and flood signatures of settling particles in the Gaoping submarine canyon (SW Taiwan) revealed from radionuclide and flow measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:02","indexId":"70036025","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tidal and flood signatures of settling particles in the Gaoping submarine canyon (SW Taiwan) revealed from radionuclide and flow measurements","docAbstract":"Sediment transport and sedimentation processes in the Gaoping submarine canyon were studied using sediment trap and current meter moorings deployed at a location during the winter (January-March) and the summer (July-September) months in 2008. At the end of each deployment, sediment cores were also collected from the canyon floor at the mooring site. Samples from sediment traps and sediment cores were analyzed for 210Pb and 234Th by gamma spectrometry. In conjunction with particle size and flow measurements, the datasets suggest that sediment transport in the canyon is tidally-modulated in the drier winter season and flood (river)-dominated in the wetter summer season. From the magnitude and temporal variation of sediment flux in the canyon with respect to the burial flux and sediment budget on the open shelf and slope region, we reaffirm that, on annual or longer timescales, the Gaoping submarine canyon is an effective conduit transporting sediments from the Gaoping River's drainage basin (the source) to the deep South China Sea (the ultimate sink). ?? 2009 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2009.09.001","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Huh, C., Liu, J., Lin, H., and Xu, J.P., 2009, Tidal and flood signatures of settling particles in the Gaoping submarine canyon (SW Taiwan) revealed from radionuclide and flow measurements: Marine Geology, v. 267, no. 1-2, p. 8-17, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2009.09.001.","startPage":"8","endPage":"17","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246617,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218591,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2009.09.001"}],"volume":"267","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb361e4b08c986b325d70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huh, C.-A.","contributorId":99711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huh","given":"C.-A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, J.T.","contributorId":6682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lin, H.-L.","contributorId":42077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"H.-L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Xu, J. P.","contributorId":74528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036026,"text":"70036026 - 2009 - A biophysical model of Lake Erie walleye (Sander vitreus) explains interannual variations in recruitment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-31T09:23:12","indexId":"70036026","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A biophysical model of Lake Erie walleye (Sander vitreus) explains interannual variations in recruitment","docAbstract":"We used a three-dimensional coupled hydrodynamic-ecological model to investigate how lake currents can affect walleye (Sander vitreus) recruitment in western Lake Erie. Four years were selected based on a fall recruitment index: two high recruitment years (i.e., 1996 and 1999) and two low recruitment years (i.e., 1995 and 1998). During the low recruitment years, the model predicted that (i) walleye spawning grounds experienced destructive bottom currents capable of dislodging eggs from suitable habitats (reefs) to unsuitable habitats (i.e., muddy bottom), and (ii) the majority of newly hatched larvae were transported away from the known suitable nursery grounds at the start of their first feeding. Conversely, during two high recruitment years, predicted bottom currents at the spawning grounds were relatively weak, and the predicted movement of newly hatched larvae was toward suitable nursery grounds. Thus, low disturbance-based egg mortality and a temporal and spatial match between walleye first feeding larvae and their food resources were predicted for the two high recruitment years, and high egg mortality plus a mismatch of larvae with their food resources was predicted for the two low recruitment years. In general, mild westerly or southwesterly winds during the spawning-nursery period should favour walleye recruitment in the lake.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/F08-188","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"Zhao, Y., Jones, M., Shuter, B.J., and Roseman, E., 2009, A biophysical model of Lake Erie walleye (Sander vitreus) explains interannual variations in recruitment: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 66, no. 1, p. 114-125, https://doi.org/10.1139/F08-188.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"114","endPage":"125","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":218151,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/F08-188"},{"id":246136,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e32ae4b0c8380cd45e5b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhao, Yingming","contributorId":49752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhao","given":"Yingming","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Michael L.","contributorId":7219,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Michael L.","affiliations":[{"id":6590,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":453672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shuter, Brian J.","contributorId":29372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shuter","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roseman, Edward F.","contributorId":100334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roseman","given":"Edward F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036027,"text":"70036027 - 2009 - Hydrochemical analysis of groundwater using multivariate statistical methods - The Volta region, Ghana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:06","indexId":"70036027","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2578,"text":"KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrochemical analysis of groundwater using multivariate statistical methods - The Volta region, Ghana","docAbstract":"Q and R-mode multivariate statistical analyses were applied to groundwater chemical data from boreholes and wells in the northern section of the Volta region Ghana. The objective was to determine the processes that affect the hydrochemistry and the variation of these processes in space among the three main geological terrains: the Buem formation, Voltaian System and the Togo series that underlie the area. The analyses revealed three zones in the groundwater flow system: recharge, intermediate and discharge regions. All three zones are clearly different with respect to all the major chemical parameters, with concentrations increasing from the perceived recharge areas through the intermediate regions to the discharge areas. R-mode HCA and factor analysis (using varimax rotation and Kaiser Criterion) were then applied to determine the significant sources of variation in the hydrochemistry. This study finds that groundwater hydrochemistry in the area is controlled by the weathering of silicate and carbonate minerals, as well as the chemistry of infiltrating precipitation. This study finds that the ??D and ??18O data from the area fall along the Global Meteoric Water Line (GMWL). An equation of regression derived for the relationship between ??D and ??18O bears very close semblance to the equation which describes the GMWL. On the basis of this, groundwater in the study area is probably meteoric and fresh. The apparently low salinities and sodicities of the groundwater seem to support this interpretation. The suitability of groundwater for domestic and irrigation purposes is related to its source, which determines its constitution. A plot of the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and salinity (EC) data on a semilog axis, suggests that groundwater serves good irrigation quality in the area. Sixty percent (60%), 20% and 20% of the 67 data points used in this study fall within the medium salinity - low sodicity (C2-S1), low salinity -low sodicity (C1-S1) and high salinity - low sodicity (C3-S1) fields, which ascribe good irrigation quality to groundwater from this area. Salinities range from 28.1 to 1956 ??S/cm, whilst SAR values fall within the range 0-3. Extremely low sodicity waters of this kind, with salinities lower than 600 ??S/cm, have the tendency to affect the dispersive properties of irrigation soils when used for irrigation. About 50% of the groundwater in the study area fall within this category and need prior treatment before usage. ?? 2009 Korean Society of Civil Engineers and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s12205-009-0055-2","issn":"12267988","usgsCitation":"Banoeng-Yakubo, B., Yidana, S., and Nti, E., 2009, Hydrochemical analysis of groundwater using multivariate statistical methods - The Volta region, Ghana: KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, v. 13, no. 1, p. 55-63, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-009-0055-2.","startPage":"55","endPage":"63","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476120,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-009-0055-2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246137,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218152,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12205-009-0055-2"}],"volume":"13","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a332be4b0c8380cd5edb5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banoeng-Yakubo, B.","contributorId":75332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banoeng-Yakubo","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yidana, S.M.","contributorId":59554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yidana","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nti, E.","contributorId":73044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nti","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036028,"text":"70036028 - 2009 - Volatile selenium flux from the great Salt Lake, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:05","indexId":"70036028","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Volatile selenium flux from the great Salt Lake, Utah","docAbstract":"The removal mechanisms that govern Se concentrations in the Great Salt Lake are unknown despite this terminal lake being an avian habitat of hemispheric importance. However, the volatilization flux of Se from the Great Salt Lake has not been previously measured due to challenges of analysis in this hypersaline environment This paper presents results from recent field studies examining the spatial distribution of dissolved volatile Se (areally and with depth) in the south arm (main body) of the Great Salt Lake. The analyses involved collection of dissolved volatile Se in a cryofocusing trap system via sparging with helium. The cryotrapped volatile Se was digested with nitric acid and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results show concentrations of dissolved volatile Se that increase with depth in the shallow brine, suggesting that phytoplankton in the open waters and bioherms in shallow sites (<4 m in depth) may be responsible for volatile Se production. Volatile Se flux to the atmosphere was determined using mass transport models corrected to simulate the highly saline environment of the south arm of the Great Salt Lake. The estimated annual flux of volatile Se was 1455 kg/year within a range from 560 to 3780 kg Se/year for the 95% confidence interval and from 970 to 2180 kg Se/year within the 68% confidence interval. ?? 2009 American Chemical Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es801638w","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Diaz, X., Johnson, W., Oliver, W., and Naftz, D.L., 2009, Volatile selenium flux from the great Salt Lake, Utah: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 43, no. 1, p. 53-59, https://doi.org/10.1021/es801638w.","startPage":"53","endPage":"59","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218181,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es801638w"},{"id":246167,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc2cae4b08c986b32ad78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Diaz, X.","contributorId":87380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diaz","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, W.P.","contributorId":43315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oliver, W.A.","contributorId":60890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oliver","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Naftz, D. L.","contributorId":40624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naftz","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036029,"text":"70036029 - 2009 - Coral reef evolution on rapidly subsiding margins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:05","indexId":"70036029","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1844,"text":"Global and Planetary Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coral reef evolution on rapidly subsiding margins","docAbstract":"A series of well-developed submerged coral reefs are preserved in the Huon Gulf (Papua New Guinea) and around Hawaii. Despite different tectonics settings, both regions have experienced rapid subsidence (2-6??m/ka) over the last 500??ka. Rapid subsidence, combined with eustatic sea-level changes, is responsible for repeated drowning and backstepping of coral reefs over this period. Because we can place quantitative constraints on these systems (i.e., reef drowning age, eustatic sea-level changes, subsidence rates, accretion rates, basement substrates, and paleobathymetry), these areas represent unique natural laboratories for exploring the roles of tectonics, reef accretion, and eustatic sea-level changes in controlling the evolution of individual reefs, as well as backstepping of the entire system. A review of new and existing bathymetric, radiometric, sedimentary facies and numerical modeling data indicate that these reefs have had long, complex growth histories and that they are highly sensitive, recording drowning not only during major deglaciations, but also during high-frequency, small-amplitude interstadial and deglacial meltwater pulse events. Analysis of five generalized sedimentary facies shows that reef drowning is characterized by a distinct biological and sedimentary sequence. Observational and numerical modeling data indicate that on precessional (20??ka) and sub-orbital timescales, the rate and amplitude of eustatic sea-level changes are critical in controlling initiation, growth, drowning or sub-aerial exposure, subsequent re-initiation, and final drowning. However, over longer timescales (> 100-500??ka) continued tectonic subsidence and basement substrate morphology influence broad scale reef morphology and backstepping geometries. Drilling of these reefs will yield greatly expanded stratigraphic sections compared with similar reefs on slowly subsiding, stable and uplifting margins, and thus they represent a unique archive of sea-level and climate changes, as well as a record of the response of coral reefs to these changes over the last six glacial cycles. ?? 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global and Planetary Change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2008.07.010","issn":"09218181","usgsCitation":"Webster, J., Braga, J., Clague, D., Gallup, C., Hein, J., Potts, D., Renema, W., Riding, R., Riker-Coleman, K., Silver, E., and Wallace, L., 2009, Coral reef evolution on rapidly subsiding margins: Global and Planetary Change, v. 66, no. 1-2, p. 129-148, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2008.07.010.","startPage":"129","endPage":"148","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218211,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2008.07.010"},{"id":246198,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fc08e4b0c8380cd4e0bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Webster, J.M.","contributorId":29630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webster","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Braga, J.C.","contributorId":31195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Braga","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clague, D.A.","contributorId":36129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clague","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gallup, C.","contributorId":76933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallup","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hein, J.R. 0000-0002-5321-899X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5321-899X","contributorId":61429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hein","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Potts, D.C.","contributorId":45908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Potts","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Renema, W.","contributorId":40801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Renema","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Riding, R.","contributorId":75363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riding","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Riker-Coleman, K.","contributorId":11824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riker-Coleman","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Silver, E.","contributorId":94502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silver","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wallace, L.M.","contributorId":102727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70036033,"text":"70036033 - 2009 - Environmental contaminants in freshwater fish and their risk to piscivorous wildlife based on a national monitoring program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:05","indexId":"70036033","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental contaminants in freshwater fish and their risk to piscivorous wildlife based on a national monitoring program","docAbstract":"Organochlorine chemical residues and elemental concentrations were measured in piscivorous and benthivorous fish at 111 sites from large U.S. river basins. Potential contaminant sources such as urban and agricultural runoff, industrial discharges, mine drainage, and irrigation varied among the sampling sites. Our objectives were to provide summary statistics for chemical contaminants and to determine if contaminant concentrations in the fish were a risk to wildlife that forage at these sites. Concentrations of dieldrin, total DDT, total PCBs, toxaphene, TCDD-EQ, cadmium, chromium, mercury, lead, selenium, and zinc exceeded toxicity thresholds to protect fish and piscivorous wildlife in samples from at least one site; most exceedences were for total PCBs, mercury, and zinc. Chemical concentrations in fish from the Mississippi River Basin exceeded the greatest number of toxicity thresholds. Screening level wildlife risk analysis models were developed for bald eagle and mink using no adverse effect levels (NOAELs), which were derived from adult dietary exposure or tissue concentration studies and based primarily on reproductive endpoints. No effect hazard concentrations (NEHC) were calculated by comparing the NOAEL to the food ingestion rate (dietary-based NOAEL) or biomagnification factor (tissue-based NOAEL) of each receptor. Piscivorous wildlife may be at risk from a contaminant if the measured concentration in fish exceeds the NEHC. Concentrations of most organochlorine residues and elemental contaminants represented no to low risk to bald eagle and mink at most sites. The risk associated with pentachloroanisole, aldrin, Dacthal, methoxychlor, mirex, and toxaphene was unknown because NOAELs for these contaminants were not available for bald eagle or mink. Risk differed among modeled species and sites. Our screening level analysis indicates that the greatest risk to piscivorous wildlife was from total DDT, total PCBs, TCDD-EQ, mercury, and selenium. Bald eagles were at greater risk to total DDT and total PCBs than mink, whereas risks of TCDD-EQ, mercury, and selenium were greater to mink than bald eagle. ?? Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10661-008-0331-5","issn":"01676369","usgsCitation":"Hinck, J., Schmitt, C., Chojnacki, K., and Tillitt, D.E., 2009, Environmental contaminants in freshwater fish and their risk to piscivorous wildlife based on a national monitoring program: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 152, no. 1-4, p. 469-494, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-008-0331-5.","startPage":"469","endPage":"494","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218269,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-008-0331-5"},{"id":246265,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"152","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-07-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a09b1e4b0c8380cd5200d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hinck, J.E.","contributorId":47560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinck","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmitt, C. J. 0000-0001-6804-2360","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6804-2360","contributorId":56339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"C. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chojnacki, K.A.","contributorId":85446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chojnacki","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tillitt, D. E.","contributorId":83462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036056,"text":"70036056 - 2009 - Subsurface control on seafloor erosional processes offshore of the Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-30T14:28:59","indexId":"70036056","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1742,"text":"Geo-Marine Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Subsurface control on seafloor erosional processes offshore of the Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana","docAbstract":"The Chandeleur Islands lie on the eastern side of the modern Mississippi River delta plain, near the edge of the St. Bernard Delta complex. Since abandonment approximately 2,000 years b.p., this delta complex has undergone subsidence and ravinement as the shoreline has transgressed across it. High-resolution seismic-reflection, sidescan-sonar, and bathymetry data show that seafloor erosion is influenced by locally variable shallow stratigraphy. The data reveal two general populations of shallow erosional depressions, either linear or subcircular in shape. Linear depressions occur primarily where sandy distributary-channel deposits are exposed on the seafloor. The subcircular pits are concentrated in areas where delta-front deposits crop out, and occasional seismic blanking indicates that gas is present. The difference in erosional patterns suggests that delta-front and distributary-channel deposits respond uniquely to wave and current energy expended on the inner shelf, particularly during stormy periods. Linear depressions may be the result of the sandy distributary-channel deposits eroding more readily by waves and coastal currents than the surrounding delta-front deposits. Pits may develop as gas discharge or liquefaction occurs within fine-grained delta-front deposits, causing seafloor collapse. These detailed observations suggest that ravinement of this inner shelf surface may be ongoing, is controlled by the underlying stratigraphy, and has varied morphologic expression.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00367-009-0150-x","issn":"02760460","usgsCitation":"Twichell, D., Pendleton, E., Baldwin, W.E., and Flocks, J.G., 2009, Subsurface control on seafloor erosional processes offshore of the Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana: Geo-Marine Letters, v. 29, no. 6, p. 349-358, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00367-009-0150-x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"349","endPage":"358","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-012502","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":218592,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00367-009-0150-x"},{"id":246618,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Chandeleur Islands","volume":"29","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9d5ce4b08c986b31d7dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Twichell, David","contributorId":15871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twichell","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pendleton, Elizabeth A. ependleton@usgs.gov","contributorId":2863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pendleton","given":"Elizabeth A.","email":"ependleton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":453814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baldwin, Wayne E. 0000-0001-5886-0917 wbaldwin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5886-0917","contributorId":1321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldwin","given":"Wayne","email":"wbaldwin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":453816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Flocks, James G. 0000-0002-6177-7433 jflocks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6177-7433","contributorId":816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flocks","given":"James","email":"jflocks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":453813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036059,"text":"70036059 - 2009 - Expansion of Dreissena into offshore waters of Lake Michigan and potential impacts on fish populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:06","indexId":"70036059","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Expansion of Dreissena into offshore waters of Lake Michigan and potential impacts on fish populations","docAbstract":"Lake Michigan was invaded by zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) in the late 1980s and then followed by quagga mussels (D. bugensis) around 1997. Through 2000, both species (herein Dreissena) were largely restricted to depths less than 50??m. Herein, we provide results of an annual lake-wide bottom trawl survey in Lake Michigan that reveal the relative biomass and depth distribution of Dreissena between 1999 and 2007 (although biomass estimates from a bottom trawl are biased low). Lake-wide mean biomass density (g/m2) and mean depth of collection revealed no trend between 1999 and 2003 (mean = 0.7??g/m2 and 37??m, respectively). Between 2004 and 2007, however, mean lake-wide biomass density increased from 0.8??g/m2 to 7.0??g/m2, because of increased density at depths between 30 and 110??m, and mean depth of collection increased from 42 to 77??m. This pattern was confirmed by a generalized additive model. Coincident with the Dreissena expansion that occurred beginning in 2004, fish biomass density (generally planktivores) declined 71% between 2003 and 2007. Current understanding of fish population dynamics, however, indicates that Dreissena expansion is not the primary explanation for the decline of fish, and we provide a species-specific account for more likely underlying factors. Nonetheless, future sampling and research may reveal a better understanding of the potential negative interactions between Dreissena and fish in Lake Michigan and elsewhere.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2008.10.002","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Bunnell, D., Madenjian, C., Holuszko, J., Adams, J., and French, J.R., 2009, Expansion of Dreissena into offshore waters of Lake Michigan and potential impacts on fish populations: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 35, no. 1, p. 74-80, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2008.10.002.","startPage":"74","endPage":"80","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246110,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218126,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2008.10.002"}],"volume":"35","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0db5e4b0c8380cd5315e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bunnell, D.B.","contributorId":8610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunnell","given":"D.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Madenjian, C.P.","contributorId":64175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"C.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holuszko, J.D.","contributorId":54786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holuszko","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Adams, J.V.","contributorId":94069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"J.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"French, J. R. P. III","contributorId":47574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"French","given":"J.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"R. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036061,"text":"70036061 - 2009 - Forecasting urban growth across the United States-Mexico border","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:06","indexId":"70036061","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1317,"text":"Computers, Environment and Urban Systems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forecasting urban growth across the United States-Mexico border","docAbstract":"The sister-city area of Nogales, Arizona, and Nogales, Sonora, Mexico, is known collectively as Ambos (both) Nogales. This area was historically one city and was administratively divided by the Gadsden Purchase in 1853. These arid-lands have limited and sensitive natural resources. Environmental planning can support sustainable development to accommodate the predicted influx of population. The objective of this research is to quantify the amount of predicted urban growth for the Ambos Nogales watershed to support future planning for sustainable development. Two modeling regimes are explored. Our goal is to identify possible growth patterns associated with the twin-city area as a whole and with the two cities modeled as separate entities. We analyzed the cross-border watershed using regression analysis from satellite images from 1975, 1983, 1996, and 2002 and created urban area classifications. We used these classifications as input to the urban growth model, SLEUTH, to simulate likely patterns of development and define projected conversion probabilities. Model results indicate that the two cities are undergoing very different patterns of change and identify locations of expected growth based on historical development. Growth in Nogales, Arizona is stagnant while the urban area in Nogales, Sonora is exploding. This paper demonstrates an application that portrays how future binational urban growth could develop and affect the environment. This research also provides locations of potential growth for use in city planning.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Computers, Environment and Urban Systems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2008.10.003","issn":"01989715","usgsCitation":"Norman, L., Feller, M., and Phillip, G.D., 2009, Forecasting urban growth across the United States-Mexico border: Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, v. 33, no. 2, p. 150-159, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2008.10.003.","startPage":"150","endPage":"159","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246139,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218154,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2008.10.003"}],"volume":"33","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a131de4b0c8380cd54515","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Norman, L.M.","contributorId":20455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norman","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Feller, M.","contributorId":94420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feller","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Phillip, Guertin D.","contributorId":92901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillip","given":"Guertin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036068,"text":"70036068 - 2009 - TandEM: Titan and Enceladus mission","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-08T11:58:00","indexId":"70036068","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1607,"text":"Experimental Astronomy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"TandEM: Titan and Enceladus mission","docAbstract":"TandEM was proposed as an L-class (large) mission in response to ESA’s Cosmic Vision 2015–2025 Call, and accepted for further studies, with the goal of exploring Titan and Enceladus. The mission concept is to perform in situ investigations of two worlds tied together by location and properties, whose remarkable natures have been partly revealed by the ongoing Cassini–Huygens mission. These bodies still hold mysteries requiring a complete exploration using a variety of vehicles and instruments. TandEM is an ambitious mission because its targets are two of the most exciting and challenging bodies in the Solar System. It is designed to build on but exceed the scientific and technological accomplishments of the Cassini–Huygens mission, exploring Titan and Enceladus in ways that are not currently possible (full close-up and in situ coverage over long periods of time). In the current mission architecture, TandEM proposes to deliver two medium-sized spacecraft to the Saturnian system. One spacecraft would be an orbiter with a large host of instruments which would perform several Enceladus flybys and deliver penetrators to its surface before going into a dedicated orbit around Titan alone, while the other spacecraft would carry the Titan in situ investigation components, i.e. a hot-air balloon (Montgolfière) and possibly several landing probes to be delivered through the atmosphere.
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Bathymetric and shoreline change datasets separated by shorter time periods (sub-annual) demonstrate that these long-term trends are driven by processes associated with major hurricane impacts, and that rates of shoreface erosion are an order of magnitude greater during active hurricane seasons compared to long-term trends. ?? 2009 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geo-Marine Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00367-009-0156-4","issn":"02760460","usgsCitation":"Miner, M., Kulp, M., FitzGerald, D.M., Flocks, J.G., and Weathers, H., 2009, Delta lobe degradation and hurricane impacts governing large-scale coastal behavior, South-central Louisiana, USA: Geo-Marine Letters, v. 29, no. 6, p. 441-453, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00367-009-0156-4.","startPage":"441","endPage":"453","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218541,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00367-009-0156-4"},{"id":246562,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-08-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe77e4b0c8380cd4ed3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miner, M.D.","contributorId":56069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miner","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kulp, M.A.","contributorId":61138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kulp","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"FitzGerald, D. 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G.","contributorId":92309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flocks","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Weathers, H.D.","contributorId":78975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weathers","given":"H.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036089,"text":"70036089 - 2009 - Relationships between nutritional condition of adult females and relative carrying capacity for rocky mountain Elk","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:02","indexId":"70036089","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3228,"text":"Rangeland Ecology and Management","onlineIssn":"1551-5028","printIssn":"1550-7424","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relationships between nutritional condition of adult females and relative carrying capacity for rocky mountain Elk","docAbstract":"Lactation can have significant costs to individual and population-level productivity because of the high energetic demands it places on dams. Because the difference in condition between lactating and dry Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) cows tends to disappear as nutritional quality rises, the magnitude of that difference could be used to relate condition to habitat quality or the capability of habitats to support elk. We therefore compared nutritional condition of ???2.5-yr-old lactating and dry cows from six free-ranging RockyMountain elk populations throughout the United States.Our goal was to quantify differential accrual of body fat (BF) reserves to determine whether the condition of dry and lactating cows could be used to define relevant management thresholds of habitat quality (i.e., relative carrying capacity) and consequently potential performance of elk populations. Levels of BF that lactating cows were able to accrue in autumn and the proportional difference in BF between dry and lactating cows in autumn were related (F 1-2,10???16.2, P<0.001). Models indicated that elk experienced no negative effects of reproduction on condition when lactating cows were able to accrue ???13.7%BF in autumn.When lactating cows are accruing ???7.9%BF, elk are in a nutritionally stressed condition, which may be limiting population performance. Using the logistic model to predict relative proximity to ecological carrying capacity (ECC), our population-years ranged from3-97%ofECCand proportion of the population lactating (an index of calf survival) was negatively related to proportion of ECC. Results indicate that the proportional difference in accrual of BF between lactating and dry cows can provide a sensitive index to where elk populations reside relative to the quality of their range.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Rangeland Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2111/07-020.1","issn":"15507424","usgsCitation":"Piasecke, J., and Bender, L.C., 2009, Relationships between nutritional condition of adult females and relative carrying capacity for rocky mountain Elk: Rangeland Ecology and Management, v. 62, no. 2, p. 145-152, https://doi.org/10.2111/07-020.1.","startPage":"145","endPage":"152","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476271,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/643014","text":"External Repository"},{"id":218568,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2111/07-020.1"},{"id":246590,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a7abe4b0e8fec6cdc53a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piasecke, J.R.","contributorId":81735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piasecke","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bender, Louis C.","contributorId":72509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bender","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036094,"text":"70036094 - 2009 - The cali meteorite fell: A new H/L ordinary chondrite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:06","indexId":"70036094","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2715,"text":"Meteoritics and Planetary Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The cali meteorite fell: A new H/L ordinary chondrite","docAbstract":"The fall of the Cali meteorite took place on 6 July 2007 at 16 h 32 ?? 1 min local time (21 h 32 ?? 1 min UTC). A daylight fireball was witnessed by hundreds of people in the Cauca Valley in Colombia from which 10 meteorite samples with a total mass of 478 g were recovered near 3??24.3'N, 76??30.6'W. The fireball trajectory and radiant have been reconstructed with moderate accuracy. From the computed radiant and from considering various plausible velocities, we obtained a range of orbital solutions that suggest that the Cali progenitor meteoroid probably originated in the main asteroid belt. Based on petrography, mineral chemistry, magnetic susceptibility, fhermoluminescence, and bulk chemistry, the Cali meteorite is classified as an H/L4 ordinary chondrite breccia.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Meteoritics and Planetary Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1945-5100.2009.tb00729.x","issn":"10869379","usgsCitation":"Rodriguez, J., Llorca, J., Rubin, A., Grossman, J.N., Sears, D., Naranjo, M., Bretzius, S., Tapia, M., and Sepulveda, M., 2009, The cali meteorite fell: A new H/L ordinary chondrite: Meteoritics and Planetary Science, v. 44, no. 2, p. 211-220, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1945-5100.2009.tb00729.x.","startPage":"211","endPage":"220","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476119,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1945-5100.2009.tb00729.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":218184,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1945-5100.2009.tb00729.x"},{"id":246170,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-01-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba9ffe4b08c986b322667","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rodriguez, J.M.T.","contributorId":103128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"J.M.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Llorca, J.","contributorId":57704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Llorca","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rubin, A.E.","contributorId":99308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grossman, J. N.","contributorId":41840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grossman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sears, D.W.G.","contributorId":49162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sears","given":"D.W.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Naranjo, M.","contributorId":13077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naranjo","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bretzius, S.","contributorId":19416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bretzius","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Tapia, M.","contributorId":87403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tapia","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sepulveda, M.H.G.","contributorId":40836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sepulveda","given":"M.H.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70036098,"text":"70036098 - 2009 - Sensitivity and resolution of tomographic pumping tests in an alluvial aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T17:30:40","indexId":"70036098","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sensitivity and resolution of tomographic pumping tests in an alluvial aquifer","docAbstract":"Various investigators have proposed hydraulic tomography, the simultaneous analysis of responses to multiple well tests, as a means to obtain a high‐resolution characterization of aquifer flow properties. This study assesses the information content of drawdown records from a set of tomographic pumping tests in an alluvial aquifer, comparing the parameter sensitivity and resolution associated with transient and steady‐shape formulations of the objective function for the parameter estimation problem. The steady‐shape approach takes advantage of the rapid establishment of constant gradients within the region surrounding a pumping well, comparing observed drawdown differences within this region with drawdown differences predicted by a steady state model. Both the transient and steady‐shape approaches resolve K variations only within a limited distance of the pumping intervals and observation points. Relative to the transient approach, the steady‐shape approach reduces the influence of poorly resolved property variations, including K variations outside the region of investigation and storage coefficient variations throughout the model domain.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2008WR007249","usgsCitation":"Bohling, G.C., 2009, Sensitivity and resolution of tomographic pumping tests in an alluvial aquifer: Water Resources Research, v. 45, no. 2, Article W02420; 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2008WR007249.","productDescription":"Article W02420; 21 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476152,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008wr007249","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246235,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8d25e4b08c986b318298","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bohling, Geoffrey C.","contributorId":43109,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bohling","given":"Geoffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70036115,"text":"70036115 - 2009 - Geotechnical properties of cemented sands in steep slopes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:02","indexId":"70036115","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2327,"text":"Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geotechnical properties of cemented sands in steep slopes","docAbstract":"An investigation into the geotechnical properties specific to assessing the stability of weakly and moderately cemented sand cliffs is presented. A case study from eroding coastal cliffs located in central California provides both the data and impetus for this study. Herein, weakly cemented sand is defined as having an unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of less than 100 kPa, and moderately cemented sand is defined as having UCS between 100 and 400 kPa. Testing shows that both materials fail in a brittle fashion and can be modeled effectively using linear Mohr-Coulomb strength parameters, although for weakly cemented sands, curvature of the failure envelope is more evident with decreasing friction and increasing cohesion at higher confinement. Triaxial tests performed to simulate the evolving stress state of an eroding cliff, using a reduction in confinement-type stress path, result in an order of magnitude decrease in strain at failure and a more brittle response. Tests aimed at examining the influence of wetting on steep slopes show that a 60% decrease in UCS, a 50% drop in cohesion, and 80% decrease in the tensile strength occurs in moderately cemented sand upon introduction to water. In weakly cemented sands, all compressive, cohesive, and tensile strength is lost upon wetting and saturation. The results indicate that particular attention must be given to the relative level of cementation, the effects of groundwater or surficial seepage, and the small-scale strain response when performing geotechnical slope stability analyses on these materials. ?? 2009 ASCE.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000094","issn":"10900241","usgsCitation":"Collins, B., and Sitar, N., 2009, Geotechnical properties of cemented sands in steep slopes: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, v. 135, no. 10, p. 1359-1366, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000094.","startPage":"1359","endPage":"1366","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246494,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218479,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000094"}],"volume":"135","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a28c3e4b0c8380cd5a3b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, B.D.","contributorId":57632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"B.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sitar, N.","contributorId":105092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sitar","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}