{"pageNumber":"87","pageRowStart":"2150","pageSize":"25","recordCount":36989,"records":[{"id":70047080,"text":"ofr20131121 - 2013 - Linear extension rates of massive corals from the Dry Tortugas National Park (DRTO), Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-30T11:53:34","indexId":"ofr20131121","displayToPublicDate":"2013-07-16T15:38:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1121","title":"Linear extension rates of massive corals from the Dry Tortugas National Park (DRTO), Florida","docAbstract":"

Colonies of three coral species, Montastraea faveolata, Diploria strigosa, and Siderastrea siderea, located in the Dry Tortugas National Park (DRTO), Florida, were sampled and analyzed to evaluate annual linear extension rates. Montastraea faveolata had the highest average linear extension and variability in (DRTO: C2 = 0.67 centimeters/year (cm yr-1) ± 0.04, B3 = 0.85 cm yr-1 ± 0.07), followed by D. strigosa (DRTO: C1 = 0.73 cm yr-1 ± 0.04; MK = 0.59 cm yr-1 ± 0.06) and S. siderea (DRTO: A1 = 0.41 cm yr-1 ± 0.03). Intercolony comparison of M. faveolata from DRTO yielded a significant correlation (r = 0.34, df = 67, P = 0.005) and similar long-term patterns. DRTO S. siderea core A1 showed an overall increasing trend (r = 0.61, df = 119, P < 0.0001) in extension rates that correlated significantly with International Comprehensive Ocean/Atmosphere Data Set annual sea-surface temperature (r = 0.42, df = 115, P < 0.0001) and an air temperature record from Key West (r = 0.37, df = 111, P < 0.0001). In conclusion, annual linear extension rates are species specific and potentially influence by long-term variability in sea-surface temperature.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131121","usgsCitation":"Muslic, A., Flannery, J.A., Reich, C.D., Umberger, D.K., Smoak, J.M., and Poore, R.Z., 2013, Linear extension rates of massive corals from the Dry Tortugas National Park (DRTO), Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1121, iii, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131121.","productDescription":"iii, 22 p.","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275096,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131121.gif"},{"id":275094,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1121/"},{"id":275095,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1121/pdf/ofr2013-1121.pdf","text":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Dry Tortugas National Park (drto)","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.9275,24.6262 ], [ -82.9275,24.6386 ], [ -82.9146,24.6386 ], [ -82.9146,24.6262 ], [ -82.9275,24.6262 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51e65d57e4b017be1ba34729","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muslic, Adis","contributorId":80809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muslic","given":"Adis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flannery, Jennifer A. 0000-0002-1692-2662 jflannery@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1692-2662","contributorId":4317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flannery","given":"Jennifer","email":"jflannery@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reich, Christopher D. 0000-0002-2534-1456 creich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2534-1456","contributorId":900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reich","given":"Christopher","email":"creich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Umberger, Daniel K.","contributorId":87839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Umberger","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smoak, Joseph M.","contributorId":32392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smoak","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Poore, Richard Z. rpoore@usgs.gov","contributorId":345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poore","given":"Richard","email":"rpoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":481016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70047001,"text":"ofr20131153 - 2013 - Simulation of groundwater flow in the \"1,500-foot\" sand and \"2,000-foot\" sand and movement of saltwater in the \"2,000-foot\" sand of the Baton Rouge area, Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-12T11:20:11","indexId":"ofr20131153","displayToPublicDate":"2013-07-12T11:09:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1153","title":"Simulation of groundwater flow in the \"1,500-foot\" sand and \"2,000-foot\" sand and movement of saltwater in the \"2,000-foot\" sand of the Baton Rouge area, Louisiana","docAbstract":"Groundwater withdrawals have caused saltwater to encroach into freshwater-bearing aquifers beneath Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Groundwater investigations in the 1960s identified a freshwater-saltwater interface located at the Baton Rouge Fault, across which abrupt changes in water levels occur. Aquifers south of the fault generally contain saltwater, and aquifers north of the fault contain freshwater, though limited saltwater encroachment has been detected within 7 of the 10 aquifers north of the fault. The 10 aquifers beneath the Baton Rouge area, which includes East and West Baton Rouge Parishes, Pointe Coupee Parish, and East and West Feliciana Parishes, provided about 167 million gallons per day (Mgal/day) for public supply and industrial use in 2010. Groundwater withdrawals from an aquifer that is 2,000-feet (ft) deep in East Baton Rouge Parish (the “2,000-foot” sand of the Baton Rouge area) have caused water-level drawdown up to 356 ft and induced saltwater movement northward across the fault. Groundwater withdrawals from the “2,000-foot” sand averaged 23.9 Mgal/d during 2010. Saltwater encroachment threatens wells that are located about 3 miles north of the fault, where industrial withdrawals account for about 66 percent of the water withdrawn from the “2,000-foot” sand in East Baton Rouge Parish. Constant and variable-density groundwater models were developed with the MODFLOW and SEAWAT groundwater modeling codes to evaluate strategies to control saltwater migration, including changes in the distribution of groundwater withdrawals and installation of “scavenger” wells to intercept saltwater before it reaches existing production wells.\n\nFive hypothetical scenarios simulated the effects of different groundwater withdrawal options on groundwater levels within the “1,500-foot” sand and the “2,000-foot” sand and the transport of saltwater within the “2,000-foot” sand. Scenario 1 is considered a base case for comparison to the other four scenarios and simulates continuation of 2007 reported groundwater withdrawals. Scenario 2 simulates discontinuation of withdrawals from seven selected industrial wells located in the northwest corner of East Baton Rouge Parish, and water levels within the “1,500-foot” sand were predicted to be about 15 to 20 ft higher under this withdrawal scenario than under scenario 1. Scenario 3 simulates the effects of a scavenger well, which withdraws water from the base of the “2,000-foot” sand at a rate of 2 Mgal/d, at two possible locations on water levels and concentrations within the “2,000-foot” sand. In comparison to the concentrations simulated in scenario 1, operation of the scavenger well in the locations specified in scenario 3 reduces the chloride concentrations at all existing chloride-observation well locations. Scenario 4 simulates a 3.6 Mgal/d reduction in total groundwater withdrawals from selected wells screened in the “2,000-foot” sand that are located in the Baton Rouge industrial district. For scenario 4, the median and mean plume concentrations are slightly lower than scenario 1. Scenario 5 simulates the effect of total cessation of groundwater withdrawals from the “2,000-foot” sand in the industrial district. The simulated chloride-concentration distribution in scenario 5 reflects the change in groundwater flow direction. Although some saltwater would continue to cross the Baton Rouge Fault and encroach toward municipal supply wells, further encroachment toward the industrial district would be abated.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131153","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Capital Area Groundwater Conservation Commission; the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development, Public Works and Water Resources Division; and the City of Baton Rouge and Parish of East Baton Rouge","usgsCitation":"Heywood, C.E., and Griffith, J.M., 2013, Simulation of groundwater flow in the \"1,500-foot\" sand and \"2,000-foot\" sand and movement of saltwater in the \"2,000-foot\" sand of the Baton Rouge area, Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1153, viii, 35 p.; Tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131153.","productDescription":"viii, 35 p.; Tables","numberOfPages":"87","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":274914,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131153.gif"},{"id":274912,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1153/"},{"id":274913,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1153/OFR_2013-1153.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana;Mississippi","city":"Baton Rouge","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.0,30.2 ], [ -92.0,31.5 ], [ -90.25,31.5 ], [ -90.25,30.2 ], [ -92.0,30.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51e11769e4b02f5cae2b7344","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heywood, Charles E. cheywood@usgs.gov","contributorId":2043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heywood","given":"Charles","email":"cheywood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Griffith, Jason M. 0000-0002-8942-0380 jmgriff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8942-0380","contributorId":2923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffith","given":"Jason","email":"jmgriff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70046997,"text":"ofr20131145 - 2013 - Total suspended solids concentrations and yields for water-quality monitoring stations in Gwinnett County, Georgia, 1996-2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-08T16:41:04","indexId":"ofr20131145","displayToPublicDate":"2013-07-12T09:56:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1145","title":"Total suspended solids concentrations and yields for water-quality monitoring stations in Gwinnett County, Georgia, 1996-2009","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Gwinnett County Department of Water Resources, established a water-quality monitoring program during late 1996 to collect comprehensive, consistent, high-quality data for use by watershed managers. As of 2009, continuous streamflow and water-quality data as well as discrete water-quality samples were being collected for 14 watershed monitoring stations in Gwinnett County.\n\nThis report provides statistical summaries of total suspended solids (TSS) concentrations for 730 stormflow and 710 base-flow water-quality samples collected between 1996 and 2009 for 14 watershed monitoring stations in Gwinnett County. Annual yields of TSS were estimated for each of the 14 watersheds using methods described in previous studies. TSS yield was estimated using linear, ordinary least-squares regression of TSS and explanatory variables of discharge, turbidity, season, date, and flow condition. The error of prediction for estimated yields ranged from 1 to 42 percent for the stations in this report; however, the actual overall uncertainty of the estimated yields cannot be less than that of the observed yields (± 15 to 20 percent). These watershed yields provide a basis for evaluation of how watershed characteristics, climate, and watershed management practices affect suspended sediment yield.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131145","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Gwinnett County Department of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Landers, M.N., 2013, Total suspended solids concentrations and yields for water-quality monitoring stations in Gwinnett County, Georgia, 1996-2009: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1145, iv, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131145.","productDescription":"iv, 10 p.","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1996-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-13","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":274911,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131145.gif"},{"id":274909,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1145/"},{"id":274910,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1145/pdf/ofr2013-1145.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","county":"Gwinnett County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.276822,33.747276 ], [ -84.276822,34.168231 ], [ -83.799059,34.168231 ], [ -83.799059,33.747276 ], [ -84.276822,33.747276 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51e1176ae4b02f5cae2b7354","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Landers, Mark N. 0000-0002-3014-0480 landers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3014-0480","contributorId":1103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landers","given":"Mark","email":"landers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70046971,"text":"ofr20131141 - 2013 - Preliminary stratigraphic and hydrogeologic cross sections and seismic profile of the Floridan aquifer system of Broward County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-11T09:48:25","indexId":"ofr20131141","displayToPublicDate":"2013-07-11T09:37:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1141","title":"Preliminary stratigraphic and hydrogeologic cross sections and seismic profile of the Floridan aquifer system of Broward County, Florida","docAbstract":"To help water-resource managers evaluate the Floridan aquifer system (FAS) as an alternative water supply, the U.S. Geological Survey initiated a study, in cooperation with the Broward County Environmental Protection and Growth Management Department, to refine the hydrogeologic framework of the FAS in the eastern part of Broward County. This report presents three preliminary cross sections illustrating stratigraphy and hydrogeology in eastern Broward County as well as an interpreted seismic profile along one of the cross sections. Marker horizons were identified using borehole geophysical data and were initially used to perform well-to-well correlation. Core sample data were integrated with the borehole geophysical data to support stratigraphic and hydrogeologic interpretations of marker horizons. Stratigraphic and hydrogeologic units were correlated across the county using borehole geophysical data from multiple wells. Seismic-reflection data were collected along the Hillsboro Canal. Borehole geophysical data were used to identify and correlate hydrogeologic units in the seismic-reflection profile. Faults and collapse structures that intersect hydrogeologic units were also identified in the seismic profile. The information provided in the cross sections and the seismic profile is preliminary and subject to revision.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131141","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Broward County, Florida","usgsCitation":"Reese, R.S., and Cunningham, K.J., 2013, Preliminary stratigraphic and hydrogeologic cross sections and seismic profile of the Floridan aquifer system of Broward County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1141, iv, 10 p.; 3 Plates: 37 x 38 inches; 4 Tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131141.","productDescription":"iv, 10 p.; 3 Plates: 37 x 38 inches; 4 Tables","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":285,"text":"Florida Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":274861,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131141.gif"},{"id":274852,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1141/"},{"id":274853,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1141/pdf/ofr2013-1141.pdf"},{"id":274856,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1141/Downloads/Plates/Plate03_Z-Z.pdf"},{"id":274854,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1141/Downloads/Plates/Plate01_A-A.pdf"},{"id":274857,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1141/Downloads/Tables/Table01.xlsx"},{"id":274858,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1141/Downloads/Tables/Table02.xlsx"},{"id":274855,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1141/Downloads/Plates/Plate02_C-C.pdf"},{"id":274859,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1141/Downloads/Tables/Table03.xlsx"},{"id":274860,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1141/Downloads/Tables/Table04.xlsx"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Broward County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.8814,25.9567 ], [ -80.8814,26.3347 ], [ -80.0153,26.3347 ], [ -80.0153,25.9567 ], [ -80.8814,25.9567 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51dfc5dce4b0d332bf22f34b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reese, Ronald S. rsreese@usgs.gov","contributorId":1090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reese","given":"Ronald","email":"rsreese@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":480744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cunningham, Kevin J. 0000-0002-2179-8686 kcunning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2179-8686","contributorId":1689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"Kevin","email":"kcunning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70046968,"text":"ofr20131135 - 2013 - Hydrologic conditions in New Hampshire and Vermont, water year 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-11T06:55:38","indexId":"ofr20131135","displayToPublicDate":"2013-07-11T06:45:07","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1135","title":"Hydrologic conditions in New Hampshire and Vermont, water year 2011","docAbstract":"Record-high hydrologic conditions in New Hampshire and Vermont occurred during water year 2011, according to data from 125 streamgages and lake gaging stations, 27 creststage gages, and 41 groundwater wells. Annual runoff for the 2011 water year was the sixth highest on record for New Hampshire and the highest on record for Vermont on the basis of a 111-year reference period (water years 1901–2011). Groundwater levels for the 2011 water year were generally normal in New Hampshire and normal to above normal in Vermont. Record flooding occurred in April, May, and August of water year 2011. Peak-of-record streamflows were recorded at 38 streamgages, 25 of which had more than 10 years of record. Flooding in April 2011 was widespread in parts of northern New Hampshire and Vermont; peak-of-record streamflows were recorded at nine streamgages. Flash flooding in May 2011 was isolated to central and northeastern Vermont; peakof- record streamflows were recorded at five streamgages. Devastating flooding in August 2011 occurred throughout most of Vermont and in parts of New Hampshire as a result of the heavy rains associated with Tropical Storm Irene. Peak-ofrecord streamflows were recorded at 24 streamgages.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131135","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the States of New Hampshire and Vermont and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Kiah, R.G., Jarvis, J.D., Hegemann, R.F., Hilgendorf, G.S., and Ward, S.L., 2013, Hydrologic conditions in New Hampshire and Vermont, water year 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1135, vi, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131135.","productDescription":"vi, 38 p.","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":274842,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131135.gif"},{"id":274840,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1135/"},{"id":274841,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1135/pdf/ofr2013-1135_report_508.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Hampshire;Vermont","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -73.4305,42.7268 ], [ -73.4305,45.3055 ], [ -70.6014,45.3055 ], [ -70.6014,42.7268 ], [ -73.4305,42.7268 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51dfc5dce4b0d332bf22f347","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kiah, Richard G. 0000-0001-6236-2507 rkiah@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6236-2507","contributorId":2637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kiah","given":"Richard","email":"rkiah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jarvis, Jason D. jdjarvis@usgs.gov","contributorId":5146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarvis","given":"Jason","email":"jdjarvis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":480731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hegemann, Robert F. hegemann@usgs.gov","contributorId":5145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hegemann","given":"Robert","email":"hegemann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":480730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hilgendorf, Gregory S. gshilgen@usgs.gov","contributorId":5144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hilgendorf","given":"Gregory","email":"gshilgen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":480729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ward, Sanborn L. sward@usgs.gov","contributorId":5147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"Sanborn","email":"sward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":480732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70046942,"text":"ofr20121255 - 2013 - Groundwater quality and water-well characteristics in the Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma Jurisdictional Area, central Oklahoma, 1948--2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-09T15:46:19","indexId":"ofr20121255","displayToPublicDate":"2013-07-09T15:28:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1255","title":"Groundwater quality and water-well characteristics in the Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma Jurisdictional Area, central Oklahoma, 1948--2011","docAbstract":"In 2012, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma, compiled historical groundwater-quality data collected from 1948 to 2011 and water-well completion information in parts of Lincoln, Oklahoma, and Pottawatomie Counties in central Oklahoma to support the development of a comprehensive water-management plan for the Tribe’s jurisdictional area. In this study, water-quality data from 155 water wells, collected from 1948 to 2011, were retrieved from the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System database; these data include measurements of pH, specific conductance, and hardness and concentrations of the major ions, trace elements, and radionuclides that have Maximum Contaminant Levels or Secondary Maximum Contaminant Levels in public drinking-water supplies. Information about well characteristics includes ranges of well yield and well depth of private water wells in the study area and was compiled from the Oklahoma Water Resources Board Multi-Purpose Well Completion Report database. This report also shows depth to water from land surface by using shaded 30-foot contours that were created by using a geographic information system and spatial layers of a 2009 potentiometric surface (groundwater elevation) and land-surface elevation.\n\nWells in the study area produce water from the North Canadian River alluvial and terrace aquifers, the underlying Garber Sandstone and Wellington Formation that compose the Garber–Wellington aquifer, and the Chase, Council Grove, and Admire Groups. Water quality varies substantially between the alluvial and terrace aquifers and bedrock aquifers in the study area. Water from the alluvial aquifer has relatively high concentrations of dissolved solids and generally is used for livestock only, whereas water from the terrace aquifer has low concentrations of dissolved solids and is used extensively by households in the study area. Water from the bedrock aquifer also is used extensively by households but may have high concentrations of trace elements, including uranium, in some areas where groundwater pH is above 8.0.\n\nWell yields vary and are dependent on aquifer characteristics and well-completion practices. Well yields in the unconsolidated alluvial and terrace aquifers generally are higher than yields from bedrock aquifers but are limited by the thickness and extent of these river deposits. Well yields in the alluvium and terrace aquifers commonly range from 50 to 150 gallons per minute and may exceed 300 gallons per minute, whereas well yields in the bedrock aquifers commonly range from 25 to 50 gallons per minute in the western one-third of study area (Oklahoma County) and generally less than 25 gallons per minute in the eastern two-thirds of the study area (Lincoln and Pottawatomie Counties).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121255","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma","usgsCitation":"Becker, C., 2013, Groundwater quality and water-well characteristics in the Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma Jurisdictional Area, central Oklahoma, 1948--2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1255, iv, 32 p.; Maps: 2 Sheets: 17 x 22 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121255.","productDescription":"iv, 32 p.; Maps: 2 Sheets: 17 x 22 inches","numberOfPages":"39","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1948-01-01","temporalEnd":"2011-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":274808,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20121255.gif"},{"id":274806,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1255/Plate%201.pdf"},{"id":274807,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1255/Plate%202.pdf"},{"id":274804,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1255/"},{"id":274805,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1255/OFR_2012-1255.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"Kickapoo Tribe Of Oklahoma Jurisdictional Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.333333,35.25 ], [ -97.333333,35.833333 ], [ -96.833333,35.833333 ], [ -96.833333,35.25 ], [ -97.333333,35.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51dd22d8e4b0f72b44719c1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Becker, Carol 0000-0001-6652-4542 cjbecker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6652-4542","contributorId":2489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becker","given":"Carol","email":"cjbecker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70046912,"text":"ofr20111015 - 2013 - Quaternary geophysical framework of the northeastern North Carolina coastal system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-09T17:23:46.23576","indexId":"ofr20111015","displayToPublicDate":"2013-07-09T08:37:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1015","title":"Quaternary geophysical framework of the northeastern North Carolina coastal system","docAbstract":"The northeastern North Carolina coastal system, from False Cape, Virginia, to Cape Lookout, North Carolina, has been studied by a cooperative research program that mapped the Quaternary geologic framework of the estuaries, barrier islands, and inner continental shelf. This information provides a basis to understand the linkage between geologic framework, physical processes, and coastal evolution at time scales from storm events to millennia. The study area attracts significant tourism to its parks and beaches, contains a number of coastal communities, and supports a local fishing industry, all of which are impacted by coastal change. Knowledge derived from this research program can be used to mitigate hazards and facilitate effective management of this dynamic coastal system.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111015","usgsCitation":"Thieler, E., Foster, D., Mallinson, D.J., Himmelstoss, E., McNinch, J.E., List, J.H., and Hammar-Klose, E., 2013, Quaternary geophysical framework of the northeastern North Carolina coastal system: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1015, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111015.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":274730,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20111015.gif"},{"id":274728,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1015/"},{"id":274727,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1015/title_page.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.486328125,\n 33.779147331286474\n ],\n [\n -77.67333984375,\n 33.669496972795535\n ],\n [\n -75.87158203125,\n 35.02999636902566\n ],\n [\n -75.146484375,\n 36.19109202182454\n ],\n [\n -75.5859375,\n 36.56260003738545\n ],\n [\n -77.080078125,\n 36.56260003738545\n ],\n [\n -78.79394531249999,\n 34.379712580462204\n ],\n [\n -78.486328125,\n 33.779147331286474\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51dd22dae4b0f72b44719c27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thieler, E.R. 0000-0003-4311-9717","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4311-9717","contributorId":93082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieler","given":"E.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foster, D.S.","contributorId":30641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mallinson, D. J.","contributorId":71745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mallinson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Himmelstoss, E. A.","contributorId":74567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Himmelstoss","given":"E. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McNinch, J. E.","contributorId":50342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNinch","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"List, J. H.","contributorId":70406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"List","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hammar-Klose, E. S.","contributorId":68380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammar-Klose","given":"E. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70046779,"text":"ofr20131154 - 2013 - Theoretical life history responses of juvenile Oncorhynchus mykiss to changes in food availability using a dynamic state-dependent approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-17T09:16:56","indexId":"ofr20131154","displayToPublicDate":"2013-07-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1154","title":"Theoretical life history responses of juvenile Oncorhynchus mykiss to changes in food availability using a dynamic state-dependent approach","docAbstract":"

Marine subsidies can play an important role in the growth, survival, and migratory behavior of rearing juvenile salmonids. Availability of high-energy, marine-derived food sources during critical decision windows may influence the timing of emigration or the decision to forego emigration completely and remain in the freshwater environment. Increasing growth and growth rate during these decision windows may result in an altered juvenile population structure, which will ultimately affect the adult population age-structure. We used a state dependent model to understand how the juvenile Oncorhynchus mykiss population structure may respond to increased availability of salmon eggs in their diet during critical decision windows. Our models predicted an increase in smolt production until coho salmon eggs comprised more than 50 percent of juvenile O. mykiss diet at the peak of the spawning run. At higher-than intermediate levels of egg consumption, smolt production decreased owing to increasing numbers of fish adopting a resident life-history strategy. Additionally, greater growth rates decreased the number of age-3 smolts and increased the number of age-2 smolts. Increased growth rates with higher egg consumption also decreased the age at which fish adopted the resident pathway. Our models suggest that the introduction of a high-energy food source during critical periods of the year could be sufficient to increase smolt production.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131154","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Romine, J.G., Benjamin, J.R., Perry, R.W., Casal, L., Connolly, P., and Sauter, S., 2013, Theoretical life history responses of juvenile Oncorhynchus mykiss to changes in food availability using a dynamic state-dependent approach: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1154, iv, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131154.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p.","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":274472,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131154.png"},{"id":274470,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1154/"},{"id":274471,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1154/pdf/ofr20131154.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51d539d5e4b011afeb0c75d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Romine, Jason G. 0000-0002-6938-1185 jromine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6938-1185","contributorId":2823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romine","given":"Jason","email":"jromine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Benjamin, Joseph R. 0000-0003-3733-6838 jbenjamin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3733-6838","contributorId":3999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benjamin","given":"Joseph","email":"jbenjamin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perry, Russell W. 0000-0003-4110-8619 rperry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4110-8619","contributorId":2820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Russell","email":"rperry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Casal, Lynne","contributorId":8362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casal","given":"Lynne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Connolly, Patrick J. 0000-0001-7365-7618 pconnolly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7365-7618","contributorId":2920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connolly","given":"Patrick J.","email":"pconnolly@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sauter, Sally S.","contributorId":27771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauter","given":"Sally S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70046773,"text":"ofr20131148 - 2013 - Mercury bioaccumulation in fishes from subalpine lakes of the Wallowa-Whitman National Forest, northeastern Oregon and western Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-02T22:35:05","indexId":"ofr20131148","displayToPublicDate":"2013-07-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1148","title":"Mercury bioaccumulation in fishes from subalpine lakes of the Wallowa-Whitman National Forest, northeastern Oregon and western Idaho","docAbstract":"Mercury (Hg) is a globally distributed pollutant that poses considerable risks to human and wildlife health. Over the past 150 years since the advent of the industrial revolution, approximately 80 percent of global emissions have come from anthropogenic sources, largely fossil fuel combustion. As a result, atmospheric deposition of Hg has increased by up to 4-fold above pre-industrial times. Because of their isolation, remote high-elevation lakes represent unique environments for evaluating the bioaccumulation of atmospherically deposited Hg through freshwater food webs, as well as for evaluating the relative importance of Hg loading versus landscape influences on Hg bioaccumulation. The increase in Hg deposition to these systems over the past century, coupled with their limited exposure to direct anthropogenic disturbance make them useful indicators for estimating how changes in Hg emissions may propagate to changes in Hg bioaccumulation and ecological risk. In this study, we evaluated Hg concentrations in fishes of high-elevation, sub-alpine lakes in the Wallowa-Whitman National Forest in northeastern Oregon and western Idaho. Our goals were to (1) assess the magnitude of Hg contamination in small-catchment lakes to evaluate the risk of atmospheric Hg to human and wildlife health, (2) quantify the spatial variability in fish Hg concentrations, and (3) determine the ecological, limnological, and landscape factors that are best correlated with fish total mercury (THg) concentrations in these systems. Across the 28 study lakes, mean THg concentrations of resident salmonid fishes varied as much as 18-fold among lakes. Importantly, our top statistical model explained 87 percent of the variability in fish THg concentrations among lakes with four key landscape and limnological variables— catchment conifer density (basal area of conifers within a lake’s catchment), lake surface area, aqueous dissolved sulfate, and dissolved organic carbon. The basal area of conifers within a lake’s catchment was by far the most important variable explaining fish THg concentrations, with an increase in THg concentrations of more than 400 percent across the forest density spectrum. Across all study lakes, fish THg concentrations ranged from 0.004 to 0.438 milligrams per kilogram wet weight (mg/kg ww). Only a single individual fish sample exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (USEPA) human health tissue residue criteria of 0.3 mg/kg ww. However, 54 percent of fish (N=177) exceeded the more stringent tissue residue criteria (0.04 mg/kg ww) adopted by the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality to better protect subsistence fishers. Additionally, 2 and 10 percent of fish exceeded levels associated with reduced common loon reproduction and behavior, respectively. Whereas 25 and 68 percent of fish sampled exceeded concentrations deemed protective of mink and kingfisher, respectively. These results suggest that THg concentrations may be present in these lakes at levels associated with ecological risk. It is important to note however, that accurate inference on potential impairment cannot be made within the context of this study design and further research is needed to better quantify these risks.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131148","usgsCitation":"Eagles-Smith, C.A., Herring, G., Johnson, B., and Graw, R., 2013, Mercury bioaccumulation in fishes from subalpine lakes of the Wallowa-Whitman National Forest, northeastern Oregon and western Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1148, v, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131148.","productDescription":"v, 38 p.","numberOfPages":"47","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":274447,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131148.png"},{"id":274445,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1148/"},{"id":274446,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1148/pdf/ofr20131148.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon;Idaho","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.8,44.85 ], [ -117.8,46.0 ], [ -116.38,46.0 ], [ -116.38,44.85 ], [ -117.8,44.85 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51d3e859e4b09630fbdc525a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285 ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin","email":"ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herring, Garth 0000-0003-1106-4731 gherring@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1106-4731","contributorId":4403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herring","given":"Garth","email":"gherring@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Branden L. branden_johnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":4168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Branden L.","email":"branden_johnson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Graw, Rick","contributorId":77824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graw","given":"Rick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70046767,"text":"ofr20131143 - 2013 - U.S. Department of the Interior South Central Climate Science Center strategic science plan, 2013--18","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-10T15:59:10.669585","indexId":"ofr20131143","displayToPublicDate":"2013-07-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1143","title":"U.S. Department of the Interior South Central Climate Science Center strategic science plan, 2013--18","docAbstract":"The Department of the Interior (DOI) recognizes and embraces the unprecedented challenges of maintaining our Nation’s rich natural and cultural resources in the 21st century. The magnitude of these challenges demands that the conservation community work together to develop integrated adaptation and mitigation strategies that collectively address the impacts of climate change and other landscape-scale stressors. On September 14, 2009, DOI Secretary Ken Salazar signed Secretarial Order 3289 (amended February 22, 2010) entitled, “Addressing the Impacts of Climate Change on America’s Water, Land, and Other Natural and Cultural Resources.” The Order establishes the foundation for two partner-based conservation science entities to address these unprecedented challenges: Climate Science Centers (CSCs and Landscape Conservation Cooperatives (LCCs). CSCs and LCCs are the Department-wide approach for applying scientific tools to increase understanding of climate change and to coordinate an effective response to its impacts on tribes and the land, water, ocean, fish and wildlife, and cultural-heritage resources that DOI manages. Eight CSCs have been established and are managed through the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center (NCCWSC); each CSC works in close collaboration with their neighboring CSCs, as well as those across the Nation, to ensure the best and most efficient science is produced.\n\nThe South Central CSC was established in 2012 through a cooperative agreement with the University of Oklahoma, Texas Tech University, Louisiana State University, the Chickasaw Nation, the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma, Oklahoma State University, and NOAA’s Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Lab; hereafter termed the ”Consortium” of the South Central CSC. The Consortium has a broad expertise in the physical, biological, natural, and social sciences to address impacts of climate change on land, water, fish and wildlife, ocean, coastal, and cultural resources.\n\nThe South Central CSC will provide scientific information, tools, and techniques that managers and other parties interested in land, water, wildlife, and cultural resources can use to anticipate, monitor, and adapt to climate change, actively engaging LCCs and other partners in translating science into management decisions.\n\nThis document is the first Strategic Science Plan for the South Central CSC (2013-18). Using the January 2011 DOI guidance as a model, this document (1) describes the role and interactions of the South Central CSC among partners and stakeholders including Federal, State, and non-governmental organizations throughout the region; (2) describes a concept of what the center will provide to its partners; (3) defines a context for climate impacts in the south central United States; and (4) establishes the science priorities the center will address through research. Science priorities are currently organized as immediate or future research needs; however, this document is intended to be reevaluated and modified as partner needs change and as scientific work progresses.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131143","usgsCitation":"Winton, K.T., Dalton, M.S., and Shipp, A.A., 2013, U.S. Department of the Interior South Central Climate Science Center strategic science plan, 2013--18: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1143, vii, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131143.","productDescription":"vii, 24 p.","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044291","costCenters":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49157,"text":"Rocky Mountain Regional Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":274435,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131143.gif"},{"id":274433,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1143/"},{"id":274434,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1143/pdf/ofr2013_1143.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51d3e85ae4b09630fbdc526a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winton, Kim T. kwinton@usgs.gov","contributorId":591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"Kim","email":"kwinton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":480194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dalton, Melinda S. 0000-0002-2929-5573 msdalton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2929-5573","contributorId":267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalton","given":"Melinda","email":"msdalton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shipp, Allison A. 0000-0003-2927-8893 aashipp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2927-8893","contributorId":338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shipp","given":"Allison","email":"aashipp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":49157,"text":"Rocky Mountain Regional Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70046762,"text":"ofr20121244 - 2013 - Monitoring of stage and velocity, for computation of discharge in the Summit Conduit near Summit, Illinois, 2010-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-02T10:56:34","indexId":"ofr20121244","displayToPublicDate":"2013-07-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1244","title":"Monitoring of stage and velocity, for computation of discharge in the Summit Conduit near Summit, Illinois, 2010-2012","docAbstract":"Lake Michigan diversion accounting is the process used by the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers to quantify the amount of water that is diverted from the Lake Michigan watershed into the Illinois and Mississippi River Basins. A network of streamgages within the Chicago area waterway system monitor tributary river flows and the major river flow on the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal near Lemont as one of the instrumental tools used for Lake Michigan diversion accounting. The mean annual discharges recorded by these streamgages are used as additions or deductions to the mean annual discharge recorded by the main stream gaging station currently used in the Lake Michigan diversion accounting process, which is the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal near Lemont, Illinois (station number 05536890). A new stream gaging station, Summit Conduit near Summit, Illinois (station number 414757087490401), was installed on September 23, 2010, for the purpose of monitoring stage, velocity, and discharge through the Summit Conduit for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in accordance with Lake Michigan diversion accounting. Summit Conduit conveys flow from a small part of the lower Des Plaines River watershed underneath the Des Plaines River directly into the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal. Because the Summit Conduit discharges into the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal upstream from the stream gaging station at Lemont, Illinois, but does not contain flow diverted from the Lake Michigan watershed, it is considered a flow deduction to the discharge measured by the Lemont stream gaging station in the Lake Michigan diversion accounting process. This report offers a technical summary of the techniques and methods used for the collection and computation of the stage, velocity, and discharge data at the Summit Conduit near Summit, Illinois stream gaging station for the 2011 and 2012 Water Years. The stream gaging station Summit Conduit near Summit, Illinois (station number 414757087490401) is an example of a nonstandard stream gage. Traditional methods of equating stage to discharge historically were not effective. Examples of the nonstandard conditions include the converging tributary flows directly upstream of the gage; the trash rack and walkway near the opening of the conduit introducing turbulence and occasionally entraining air bubbles into the flow; debris within the conduit creating conditions of variable backwater and the constant influx of smaller debris that escapes the trash rack and catches or settles in the conduit and on the equipment. An acoustic Doppler velocity meter was installed to measure stage and velocity to compute discharge. The stage is used to calculate area based the stage-area rating. The index-velocity from the acoustic Doppler velocity meter is applied to the velocity-velocity rating and the product of the two rated values is a rated discharge by the index-velocity method. Nonstandard site conditions prevalent at the Summit Conduit stream gaging station generally are overcome through the index-velocity method. Despite the difficulties in gaging and measurements, improvements continue to be made in data collection, transmission, and measurements. Efforts to improve the site and to improve the ratings continue to improve the quality and quantity of the data available for Lake Michigan diversion accounting.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121244","collaboration":"In cooperation with U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Johnson, K.K., and Goodwin, G.E., 2013, Monitoring of stage and velocity, for computation of discharge in the Summit Conduit near Summit, Illinois, 2010-2012: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1244, vi, 45 p., appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121244.","productDescription":"vi, 45 p., appendixes","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":274421,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20121244.jpg"},{"id":274419,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1244/pdf/ofr2012-1244.pdf"},{"id":274420,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1244/"}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Albers Equal-Area Conic","country":"United States","state":"Illinois","city":"Summit","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -88.249569,41.499964 ], [ -88.249569,42.154369 ], [ -87.399673,42.154369 ], [ -87.399673,41.499964 ], [ -88.249569,41.499964 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51d3e859e4b09630fbdc525e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Kevin K. 0000-0003-2703-5994 johnsonk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2703-5994","contributorId":4220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Kevin","email":"johnsonk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goodwin, Greg E.","contributorId":45987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodwin","given":"Greg","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70046759,"text":"ofr20131140 - 2013 - Quantity and quality of stormwater collected from selected stormwater outfalls at industrial sites, Fort Gordon, Georgia, 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-08T16:40:17","indexId":"ofr20131140","displayToPublicDate":"2013-07-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1140","title":"Quantity and quality of stormwater collected from selected stormwater outfalls at industrial sites, Fort Gordon, Georgia, 2012","docAbstract":"

An assessment of the quantity and quality of stormwater runoff associated with industrial activities at Fort Gordon was conducted from January through August 2012. The assessment was provided to satisfy the requirements from a general permit that authorizes the discharge of stormwater under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System from a site associated with industrial activities. The stormwater quantity refers to the runoff discharge at the point and time of the runoff sampling. The study was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Army Environmental and Natural Resources Management Office of the U.S. Army Signal Center and Fort Gordon.

\n

Stormwater runoff samples were collected from five stations at four industrial sites, including two landfills (SWR11–1 and SWR11–2) and three heating and cooling sites, SWR11–3, SWR11–4, and SWR11–5. The assessment included the collection of physical properties, such as dissolved oxygen and pH; the detection of suspended materials (total suspended solids, total fixed solids, and total volatile solids), nutrients and organic compounds, and major and trace inorganic compounds (metals); and for the three heating and cooling sites, the detection of volatile and semivolatile organic compounds.

\n

Landfill site SWR11–2 had the greatest total suspended solid concentration (214 milligrams per liter) of all sites and exceeded the daily maximum effluent limit for landfills. Heating and cooling site SWR11–3 had the greatest total suspended solid concentration (169 milligrams per liter), total fixed solids (101 milligrams per liter), and total volatile solids (68 milligrams per liter) when compared to the three heating and cooling sites. Total nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations were 1.02 and 0.09, and 1.74 and 0.21 milligrams per liter, respectively, at landfill sites SWR11–1 and SWR11–2. At heating and cooling sites, total nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations ranged from 0.53 to 1.08 milligrams per liter and 0.07 to 0.1 milligram per liter, respectively, with the highest concentrations measured at site SWR11–3. Additionally, oil and grease concentrations at all sites were compared to applicable benchmark standards; no sample concentrations exceeded these standards.

\n

The estimated dissolved concentrations of cadmium, lead, nickel, zinc, mercury, and silver, and the total recoverable concentrations of arsenic and selenium were compared to applicable benchmark levels and to acute and chronic effect aquatic-life criteria for further screening purposes. The estimated dissolved zinc concentration (105 micrograms per liter) at site SWR11–3 was the only constituent to exceed a benchmark standard (40 micrograms per liter). Estimated dissolved zinc concentrations at sites SWR11–4 and SWR11–5 exceeded acute and chronic effect aquatic-life criteria. Estimated dissolved concentrations of lead exceeded the chronic effect aquatic-life criteria at all sites and exceeded the acute effect criteria at site SWR11–3. Acute and chronic effect aquatic-life criteria for dissolved cadmium were exceeded at site SWR11–3.

\n

Samples from sites SWR11–3, SWR11–4, and SWR11–5 were analyzed for 83 volatile and semivolatile organic compounds. Eight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds, benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[ghi]perylene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, chrysene, indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene, phenanthrene, and pyrene, were detected at all three sites. Of the 86 volatile and semivolatile organic compounds that were analyzed in stormwater samples from heating and cooling sites, 15 (18 percent) were detected at site SWR11–3, 12 (14 percent) were detected at site SWR11–4, and 17 (20 percent) were detected at site SWR11–5.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Army Environmental and Natural Resources Management Office of the U.S. Army Signal Center and Fort Gordon","usgsCitation":"Nagle, D.D., 2013, Quantity and quality of stormwater collected from selected stormwater outfalls at industrial sites, Fort Gordon, Georgia, 2012 (Version 1.0: July 2013; Version 1.1: March 20, 2015): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1140, v, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131140.","productDescription":"v, 24 p.","numberOfPages":"34","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2012-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298844,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274409,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1140/"},{"id":274410,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1140/pdf/ofr2013-1140.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.35 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Fort Gordon","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.258333,33.35 ], [ -82.258333,33.433333 ], [ -82.133333,33.433333 ], [ -82.133333,33.35 ], [ -82.258333,33.35 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0: July 2013; Version 1.1: March 20, 2015","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51d3e85ae4b09630fbdc5266","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nagle, Doug D. ddnagle@usgs.gov","contributorId":2697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagle","given":"Doug","email":"ddnagle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":480177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70046757,"text":"ofr20121234 - 2013 - Application of a hydrodynamic and sediment transport model for guidance of response efforts related to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Northern Gulf of Mexico along the coast of Alabama and Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-04T15:49:18","indexId":"ofr20121234","displayToPublicDate":"2013-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1234","title":"Application of a hydrodynamic and sediment transport model for guidance of response efforts related to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Northern Gulf of Mexico along the coast of Alabama and Florida","docAbstract":"

U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists have provided a model-based assessment of transport and deposition of residual Deepwater Horizon oil along the shoreline within the northern Gulf of Mexico in the form of mixtures of sand and weathered oil, known as surface residual balls (SRBs). The results of this USGS research, in combination with results from other components of the overall study, will inform operational decisionmaking. The results will provide guidance for response activities and data collection needs during future oil spills.

\n
\n

In May 2012 the U.S. Coast Guard, acting as the Deepwater Horizon Federal on-scene coordinator, chartered an operational science advisory team to provide a science-based review of data collected and to conduct additional directed studies and sampling. The goal was to characterize typical shoreline profiles and morphology in the northern Gulf of Mexico to identify likely sources of residual oil and to evaluate mechanisms whereby reoiling phenomena may be occurring (for example, burial and exhumation and alongshore transport). A steering committee cochaired by British Petroleum Corporation (BP) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is overseeing the project and includes State on-scene coordinators from four States (Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, and Mississippi), trustees of the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI), and representatives from the U.S. Coast Guard.

\n
\n

This report presents the results of hydrodynamic and sediment transport models and developed techniques for analyzing potential SRB movement and burial and exhumation along the coastline of Alabama and Florida. Results from these modeling efforts are being used to explain the complexity of reoiling in the nearshore environment and to broaden consideration of the different scenarios and difficulties that are being faced in identifying and removing residual oil. For instance, modeling results suggest that larger SRBs are not, under the most commonly observed low-energy wave conditions, likely to move very far alongshore. This finding suggests that SRBs from one source location may not (outside of storm conditions) be redistributed to other up or down coast locations. This information can guide operational response decisions. In addition, because SRBs are less mobile compared with sand, they are likely to become buried and unburied under normal sand transport processes thereby lengthening the time SRBs may take to move onshore. The rate of onshore movement was not specifically addressed by this study, yet the results resolve the cross-shore domain and cross-shore variations in alongshore transport that are relevant to achieving the primary objectives. Furthermore, during infrequent events (for example, winter storms and severe meteorological events such as Hurricane Isaac of August 2012), energy is shown to be sufficient to move a greater range of SRB sizes and potentially expose and break up submerged oil mats. When SRBs do move alongshore, the models indicate that there are regions that are more conducive to accumulation of SRB material than others. Accumulation can occur where there are reversals and decelerations in alongshore currents and where forces created by shear stress drops below critical thresholds to maintain or initiate SRB movement. In addition, flow and SRB mobility patterns around inlets indicate patterns in hydrodynamic forces that influence redistribution of SRBs and the surface oil that mixed with sediment to form oil mats in the first place.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121234","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Operational Science Advisory Team (OSAT3) Steering Committee chartered by the Deepwater Horizon Federal On-Scene Coordinator (FOSC)","usgsCitation":"Plant, N.G., Long, J.W., Dalyander, P., Thompson, D.M., and Raabe, E.A., 2013, Application of a hydrodynamic and sediment transport model for guidance of response efforts related to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Northern Gulf of Mexico along the coast of Alabama and Florida (First posted July 2, 2013; Revised and reposted September 4, 2014, version 1.1): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1234, Report PDF: vii, 47 p.; Report HTML and Digital Data, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121234.","productDescription":"Report PDF: vii, 47 p.; Report HTML and Digital Data","numberOfPages":"60","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":274406,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20121234.PNG"},{"id":274405,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1234/pdf/ofr2012-1234.pdf"},{"id":274403,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1234/"},{"id":274404,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1234/title.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama;Florida","otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -89.2862,29.6323 ], [ -89.2862,30.9921 ], [ -85.3716,30.9921 ], [ -85.3716,29.6323 ], [ -89.2862,29.6323 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"First posted July 2, 2013; Revised and reposted September 4, 2014, version 1.1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51d296cfe4b0ca184833899b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plant, Nathaniel G. 0000-0002-5703-5672 nplant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-5672","contributorId":3503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plant","given":"Nathaniel","email":"nplant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Long, Joseph W. 0000-0003-2912-1992 jwlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2912-1992","contributorId":3303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"Joseph","email":"jwlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dalyander, P. Soupy 0000-0001-9583-0872","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9583-0872","contributorId":65177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalyander","given":"P. Soupy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thompson, David M. 0000-0002-7103-5740 dthompson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7103-5740","contributorId":3502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"David","email":"dthompson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Raabe, Ellen A. eraabe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raabe","given":"Ellen","email":"eraabe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70046722,"text":"ofr20131131 - 2013 - National assessment of hurricane-induced coastal erosion hazards: Mid-Atlantic Coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-01T08:23:52","indexId":"ofr20131131","displayToPublicDate":"2013-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1131","title":"National assessment of hurricane-induced coastal erosion hazards: Mid-Atlantic Coast","docAbstract":"Beaches serve as a natural buffer between the ocean and inland communities, ecosystems, and natural resources. However, these dynamic environments move and change in response to winds, waves, and currents. During extreme storms, changes to beaches can be large, and the results are sometimes catastrophic. Lives may be lost, communities destroyed, and millions of dollars spent on rebuilding.\n\nDuring storms, large waves may erode beaches, and high storm surge shifts the erosive force of the waves higher on the beach. In some cases, the combined effects of waves and surge may cause overwash (when waves and surge overtop the dune, transporting sand inland) or flooding. Building and infrastructure on or near a dune can be undermined during wave attack and subsequent erosion. During Hurricane Ivan in 2004, a five-story condominium in Orange Beach, Alabama, collapsed after the sand dune supporting the foundation eroded. Hurricane Sandy, which made landfall as an extra-tropical cyclone on October 29, 2012, caused erosion and undermining that destroyed roads, boardwalks, and foundations in Seaside Heights, New Jersey.\n\nWaves overtopping a dune can transport sand inland, covering roads and blocking evacuation routes or emergency relief. If storm surge inundates barrier island dunes, currents flowing across the island can create a breach, or a new inlet, completely severing evacuation routes. Waves and surge during Hurricane Sandy, which made landfall on October 29, 2012, left a breach that cut the road and bridge to Mantoloking, N.J.\n\nExtreme coastal changes caused by hurricanes may increase the vulnerability of communities both during a storm and to future storms. For example, when sand dunes on a barrier island are eroded substantially, inland structures are exposed to storm surge and waves. Absent or low dunes also allow water to flow inland across the island, potentially increasing storm surge in the back bay, on the soundside of the barrier, and on the mainland.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131131","usgsCitation":"Doran, K., Stockdon, H.F., Sopkin, K.L., Thompson, D.M., and Plant, N.G., 2013, National assessment of hurricane-induced coastal erosion hazards: Mid-Atlantic Coast: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1131, vi, 28 p.; Mid-Atlantic Coastal Erosion Hazards Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131131.","productDescription":"vi, 28 p.; Mid-Atlantic Coastal Erosion Hazards Dataset","numberOfPages":"34","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":274313,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131131.gif"},{"id":274310,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1131/"},{"id":274311,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1131/pdf/ofr2013-1131.pdf"},{"id":274312,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://olga.er.usgs.gov/data/NACCH/MA_erosion_hazards.zip"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York;New Jersey;Delaware;Maryl;Virginia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -78.49,36.5408 ], [ -78.49,45.02 ], [ -71.11,45.02 ], [ -71.11,36.5408 ], [ -78.49,36.5408 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51d296d8e4b0ca18483389b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doran, Kara S. 0000-0001-8050-5727","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8050-5727","contributorId":33010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doran","given":"Kara S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stockdon, Hilary F. 0000-0003-0791-4676 hstockdon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0791-4676","contributorId":2153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stockdon","given":"Hilary","email":"hstockdon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sopkin, Kristin L. ksopkin@usgs.gov","contributorId":4437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sopkin","given":"Kristin","email":"ksopkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":480096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thompson, David M. 0000-0002-7103-5740 dthompson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7103-5740","contributorId":3502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"David","email":"dthompson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Plant, Nathaniel G. 0000-0002-5703-5672 nplant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-5672","contributorId":3503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plant","given":"Nathaniel","email":"nplant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70046723,"text":"ofr20131130 - 2013 - National assessment of hurricane-induced coastal erosion hazards: Southeast Atlantic Coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-01T08:11:17","indexId":"ofr20131130","displayToPublicDate":"2013-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1130","title":"National assessment of hurricane-induced coastal erosion hazards: Southeast Atlantic Coast","docAbstract":"Beaches serve as a natural barrier between the ocean and inland communities, ecosystems, and natural resources. However, these dynamic environments move and change in response to winds, waves, and currents. During extreme storms, changes to beaches can be large, and the results are sometimes catastrophic. Lives may be lost, communities destroyed, and millions of dollars spent on rebuilding.\n\nDuring storms, large waves may erode beaches, and high storm surge shifts the erosive force of the waves higher on the beach. In some cases, the combined effects of waves and surge may cause overwash or flooding. Building and infrastructure on or near a dune can be undermined during wave attack and subsequent erosion. During Hurricane Ivan in 2004, a five-story condominium in Orange Beach, Alabama, collapsed after the sand dune supporting the foundation eroded. The September 1999 landfall of Hurricane Dennis caused erosion and undermining that destroyed roads, foundations, and septic systems.\n\nWaves overtopping a dune can transport sand inland, covering roads and blocking evacuation routes or emergency relief. If storm surge inundates barrier island dunes, currents flowing across the island can create a breach, or new inlet, completely severing evacuation routes. Waves and surge during the 2003 landfall of Hurricane Isabel left a 200-meter (m) wide breach that cut the only road to and from the village of Hatteras, N.C.\n\nExtreme coastal changes caused by hurricanes may increase the vulnerability of communities both during a storm and to future storms. For example, when sand dunes on a barrier island are eroded substantially, inland structures are exposed to storm surge and waves. Absent or low dunes also allow water to flow inland across the island, potentially increasing storm surge in the back bay, on the soundside of the barrier, and on the mainland. During Hurricane Isabel the protective sand dunes near the breach were completely eroded, increasing vulnerability to future storms.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131130","usgsCitation":"Stockdon, H.F., Doran, K., Thompson, D.M., Sopkin, K.L., and Plant, N.G., 2013, National assessment of hurricane-induced coastal erosion hazards: Southeast Atlantic Coast: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1130, vi, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131130.","productDescription":"vi, 28 p.","numberOfPages":"34","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":564,"text":"Southeast Atlantic Coastal Erosion Hazards Dataset","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":274306,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1130/"},{"id":274307,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1130/pdf/ofr2013-1130.pdf"},{"id":274308,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://olga.er.usgs.gov/data/NACCH/GOM_erosion_hazards.zip"},{"id":274309,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131130.gif"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina;South Carolina;Georgia;Florida","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.9,24.52 ], [ -81.9,36.5882 ], [ -75.37,36.5882 ], [ -75.37,24.52 ], [ -81.9,24.52 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51d296d8e4b0ca18483389b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stockdon, Hilary F. 0000-0003-0791-4676 hstockdon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0791-4676","contributorId":2153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stockdon","given":"Hilary","email":"hstockdon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doran, Kara S. 0000-0001-8050-5727 kdoran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8050-5727","contributorId":2496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doran","given":"Kara S.","email":"kdoran@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":480099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, David M. 0000-0002-7103-5740 dthompson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7103-5740","contributorId":3502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"David","email":"dthompson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sopkin, Kristin L. ksopkin@usgs.gov","contributorId":4437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sopkin","given":"Kristin","email":"ksopkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":480102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Plant, Nathaniel G. 0000-0002-5703-5672 nplant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-5672","contributorId":3503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plant","given":"Nathaniel","email":"nplant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70046725,"text":"ofr20131102 - 2013 - ARRA-funded VS30 measurements using multi-technique approach at strong-motion stations in California and central-eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-08T12:55:16","indexId":"ofr20131102","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1102","title":"ARRA-funded VS30 measurements using multi-technique approach at strong-motion stations in California and central-eastern United States","docAbstract":"Funded by the 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA), we conducted geophysical site characterizations at 191 strong-motion stations: 187 in California and 4 in the Central-Eastern United States (CEUS). The geophysical methods used at each site included passive and active surface-wave and body-wave techniques. Multiple techniques were used at most sites, with the goal of robustly determining VS (shear-wave velocity) profiles and VS30 (the time-averaged shear-wave velocity in the upper 30 meters depth). These techniques included: horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR), two-dimensional (2-D) array microtremor (AM), refraction microtremor (ReMi™), spectral analysis of surface wave (SASW), multi-channel analysis of surface waves (Rayleigh wave: MASRW; and Love wave: MASLW), and compressional- and shear-wave refraction. Of the selected sites, 47 percent have crystalline, volcanic, or sedimentary rock at the surface or at relatively shallow depth, and 53 percent are of Quaternary sediments located in either rural or urban environments. Calculated values of VS30 span almost the full range of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) Site Classes, from D (stiff soils) to B (rock). The NEHRP Site Classes based on VS30 range from being consistent with the Class expected from analysis of surficial geology, to being one or two Site Classes below expected. In a few cases where differences between the observed and expected Site Class occurred, it was the consequence of inaccurate or coarse geologic mapping, as well as considerable degradation of the near-surface rock. Additionally, several sites mapped as rock have Site Class D (stiff soil) velocities, which is due to the extensive weathering of the surficial rock.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131102","usgsCitation":"Yong, A., Martin, A., Stokoe, K., and Diehl, J., 2013, ARRA-funded VS30 measurements using multi-technique approach at strong-motion stations in California and central-eastern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1102, Report: iv, 58 p., appendix; Appendix A: 2610 p.; Data repository folder, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131102.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 58 p., appendix; Appendix A: 2610 p.; Data repository folder","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":152,"text":"California Field Office Earthquake Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":274325,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131102.jpg"},{"id":274323,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1102/data"},{"id":274321,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1102/of2013-1102_text.pdf"},{"id":274324,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1102/of2013-1102_appendix_a.pdf"},{"id":274322,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1102/"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.9148,32.898 ], [ -123.9148,39.2152 ], [ -114.4446,39.2152 ], [ -114.4446,32.898 ], [ -123.9148,32.898 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51d2a4e0e4b0ca18483389ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yong, Alan 0000-0003-1807-5847","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1807-5847","contributorId":23037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yong","given":"Alan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, Antony","contributorId":16731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Antony","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stokoe, Kenneth","contributorId":98199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stokoe","given":"Kenneth","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Diehl, John","contributorId":65744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diehl","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70046718,"text":"ofr20131142 - 2013 - The Regional Salmon Outmigration Study--survival and migration routing of juvenile Chinook salmon in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta during the winter of 2008-09","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-28T11:49:19","indexId":"ofr20131142","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1142","title":"The Regional Salmon Outmigration Study--survival and migration routing of juvenile Chinook salmon in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta during the winter of 2008-09","docAbstract":"Juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) emigrating from natal tributaries of the Sacramento River may use a number of migration routes to navigate the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta (hereafter called “the Delta”), each of which may influence their probability of surviving. We applied a mark-recapture model to data from acoustically tagged juvenile late fall-run Chinook salmon that migrated through the Delta during the winter of 2008–09 to estimate route entrainment, survival, and migration times through the Delta.\n\nA tag-life study was conducted to determine the potential for premature tag failure. Tag failure began after 12 days and continued until the 45th day. Travel times of tagged fish exceeded minimum tag-failure times, indicating that survival estimates obtained from this study were negatively biased due to tag failure prior to fish exiting the Delta. Survival estimates were not adjusted and represent the joint probability of tag survival and fish survival. However, relative comparisons of survival among Chinook salmon choosing different routes appeared to be robust to tag failure, and migration-routing parameters were unaffected by tag failure.\n\nMigration-routing patterns were consistent among release groups. The Sacramento River was the primary migration route for all release groups except one. The percentage of fish entering the Sacramento River ranged from 33 to 55 percent. Sutter and Steamboat Sloughs were the secondary migration route for 9 of the 10 releases. The percentage of fish migrating through this route ranged from 10 to 35 percent. Entrainment into the interior Delta ranged from 15 to 33 percent. The Delta Cross Channel gates were open for 7 of the 10 releases. Entrainment into the interior Delta through the cross channel ranged from 1 to 27 percent.\n\nWe estimated route-specific survival for 10 release groups that were released between November 14, 2008, and January 19, 2009. Population-level survival through the Delta (SDelta) ranged from 0.019 (standard error of 0.012) to 0.277 (standard error of 0.041) among releases, which represent the probability of a fish surviving from Sacramento to Chipps Island with an operational transmitter. Sacramento River flows throughout the study period were approximately 8,000–15,000 cubic feet per second at Freeport, suggesting that variability in flow contributed little to differences in survival between releases. Fish migrating through the Sacramento River had the highest survival for most releases. Survival in Sutter and Steamboat Sloughs was slightly lower than survival in the Sacramento River for 7 of the 10 releases, but higher than survival in the Sacramento River for 3 releases. Survival in the interior Delta was lowest for all release groups except for one release in November. With the exception of this November release, survival patterns across release groups were similar to those of previous studies.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131142","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California Department of Water Resources and Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Romine, J.G., Perry, R.W., Brewer, S.J., Adams, N.S., Liedtke, T.L., Blake, A.R., and Burau, J.R., 2013, The Regional Salmon Outmigration Study--survival and migration routing of juvenile Chinook salmon in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta during the winter of 2008-09: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1142, vi, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131142.","productDescription":"vi, 36 p.","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2008-11-14","temporalEnd":"2009-01-19","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":274296,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131142.jpg"},{"id":274293,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1142/"},{"id":274294,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1142/pdf/ofr20131142_appendixD.zip"},{"id":274295,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1142/pdf/ofr20131142.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento-san Joaquin River Delta","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.0,37.833333 ], [ -122.0,38.583333 ], [ -121.333333,38.583333 ], [ -121.333333,37.833333 ], [ -122.0,37.833333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51cea255e4b044272b8e890a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Romine, Jason G. 0000-0002-6938-1185 jromine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6938-1185","contributorId":2823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romine","given":"Jason","email":"jromine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perry, Russell W. 0000-0003-4110-8619 rperry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4110-8619","contributorId":2820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Russell","email":"rperry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brewer, Scott J. sbrewer@usgs.gov","contributorId":4407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewer","given":"Scott","email":"sbrewer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":480084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Adams, Noah S. 0000-0002-8354-0293 nadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8354-0293","contributorId":3521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Noah","email":"nadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Liedtke, Theresa L. 0000-0001-6063-9867 tliedtke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6063-9867","contributorId":2999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liedtke","given":"Theresa","email":"tliedtke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Blake, Aaron R. 0000-0001-7348-2336 ablake@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7348-2336","contributorId":5059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blake","given":"Aaron","email":"ablake@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Burau, Jon R. 0000-0002-5196-5035 jrburau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5196-5035","contributorId":1500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burau","given":"Jon","email":"jrburau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70046716,"text":"ofr20131115 - 2013 - Assessing the use of existing data to compare plains fish assemblages collected from random and fixed sites in Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-27T16:04:29","indexId":"ofr20131115","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1115","title":"Assessing the use of existing data to compare plains fish assemblages collected from random and fixed sites in Colorado","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Colorado Parks and Wildlife, assessed the potential use of combining recently (2007 to 2010) and formerly (1992 to 1996) collected data to compare plains fish assemblages sampled from random and fixed sites located in the South Platte and Arkansas River Basins in Colorado. The first step was to determine if fish assemblages collected between 1992 and 1996 were comparable to samples collected at the same sites between 2007 and 2010. If samples from the two time periods were comparable, then it was considered reasonable that the combined time-period data could be used to make comparisons between random and fixed sites. In contrast, if differences were found between the two time periods, then it was considered unreasonable to use these data to make comparisons between random and fixed sites. One-hundred samples collected during the 1990s and 2000s from 50 sites dispersed among 19 streams in both basins were compiled from a database maintained by Colorado Parks and Wildlife. Nonparametric multivariate two-way analysis of similarities was used to test for fish-assemblage differences between time periods while accounting for stream-to-stream differences. Results indicated relatively weak but significant time-period differences in fish assemblages. Weak time-period differences in this case possibly were related to changes in fish assemblages associated with environmental factors; however, it is difficult to separate other possible explanations such as limited replication of paired time-period samples in many of the streams or perhaps differences in sampling efficiency and effort between the time periods. Regardless, using the 1990s data to fill data gaps to compare random and fixed-site fish-assemblage data is ill advised based on the significant separation in fish assemblages between time periods and the inability to determine conclusive explanations for these results. These findings indicated that additional sampling will be necessary before unbiased comparisons can be made between fish assemblages collected from random and fixed sites in the South Platte and Arkansas River Basins.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131115","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Colorado Parks and Wildlife","usgsCitation":"Zuellig, R.E., and Crockett, H.J., 2013, Assessing the use of existing data to compare plains fish assemblages collected from random and fixed sites in Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1115, iv, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131115.","productDescription":"iv, 9 p.","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":274279,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131115.gif"},{"id":274278,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1115/OF13-1115_508.pdf"},{"id":274277,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1115/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -0.016666666666666666,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -0.016666666666666666,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -0.016666666666666666,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -0.016666666666666666,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -0.016666666666666666,8.333333333333334E-4 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51cd50d1e4b0e7a904971ba7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zuellig, Robert E. 0000-0002-4784-2905 rzuellig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4784-2905","contributorId":1620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zuellig","given":"Robert","email":"rzuellig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crockett, Harry J.","contributorId":75417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crockett","given":"Harry","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70046672,"text":"ofr20131123 - 2013 - Model documentation for relations between continuous real-time and discrete water-quality constituents in Cheney Reservoir near Cheney, Kansas, 2001--2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-24T08:57:51","indexId":"ofr20131123","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1123","title":"Model documentation for relations between continuous real-time and discrete water-quality constituents in Cheney Reservoir near Cheney, Kansas, 2001--2009","docAbstract":"Cheney Reservoir, located in south-central Kansas, is one of the primary water supplies for the city of Wichita, Kansas. The U.S. Geological Survey has operated a continuous real-time water-quality monitoring station in Cheney Reservoir since 2001; continuously measured physicochemical properties include specific conductance, pH, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, fluorescence (wavelength range 650 to 700 nanometers; estimate of total chlorophyll), and reservoir elevation. Discrete water-quality samples were collected during 2001 through 2009 and analyzed for sediment, nutrients, taste-and-odor compounds, cyanotoxins, phytoplankton community composition, actinomycetes bacteria, and other water-quality measures. Regression models were developed to establish relations between discretely sampled constituent concentrations and continuously measured physicochemical properties to compute concentrations of constituents that are not easily measured in real time. The water-quality information in this report is important to the city of Wichita because it allows quantification and characterization of potential constituents of concern in Cheney Reservoir.\n\nThis report updates linear regression models published in 2006 that were based on data collected during 2001 through 2003. The update uses discrete and continuous data collected during May 2001 through December 2009. Updated models to compute dissolved solids, sodium, chloride, and suspended solids were similar to previously published models. However, several other updated models changed substantially from previously published models. In addition to updating relations that were previously developed, models also were developed for four new constituents, including magnesium, dissolved phosphorus, actinomycetes bacteria, and the cyanotoxin microcystin. In addition, a conversion factor of 0.74 was established to convert the Yellow Springs Instruments (YSI) model 6026 turbidity sensor measurements to the newer YSI model 6136 sensor at the Cheney Reservoir site.\n\nBecause a high percentage of geosmin and microcystin data were below analytical detection thresholds (censored data), multiple logistic regression was used to develop models that best explained the probability of geosmin and microcystin concentrations exceeding relevant thresholds. The geosmin and microcystin models are particularly important because geosmin is a taste-and-odor compound and microcystin is a cyanotoxin.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131123","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Wichita, Kansas","usgsCitation":"Stone, M.L., Graham, J.L., and Gatotho, J.W., 2013, Model documentation for relations between continuous real-time and discrete water-quality constituents in Cheney Reservoir near Cheney, Kansas, 2001--2009: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1123, x, 100 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131123.","productDescription":"x, 100 p.","numberOfPages":"114","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2001-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":274082,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131123.gif"},{"id":274080,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1123/"},{"id":274081,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1123/ofr2013-1123.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","city":"Cheney","otherGeospatial":"Cheney Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.904354,37.717691 ], [ -97.904354,37.824492 ], [ -97.774518,37.824492 ], [ -97.774518,37.717691 ], [ -97.904354,37.717691 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51c95c5be4b0a50a6e8f57bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stone, Mandy L. 0000-0002-6711-1536 mstone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6711-1536","contributorId":4409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Mandy","email":"mstone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graham, Jennifer L. 0000-0002-6420-9335 jlgraham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6420-9335","contributorId":1769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Jennifer","email":"jlgraham@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gatotho, Jackline W.","contributorId":76616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gatotho","given":"Jackline","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70046682,"text":"ofr20121189 - 2013 - Massachusetts Shoreline Change Mapping and Analysis Project, 2013 Update","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-24T14:20:41","indexId":"ofr20121189","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1189","title":"Massachusetts Shoreline Change Mapping and Analysis Project, 2013 Update","docAbstract":"Information on rates and trends of shoreline change can be used to improve the understanding of the underlying causes and potential effects of coastal erosion on coastal populations and infrastructure and can support informed coastal management decisions. In this report, we summarize the changes in the historical positions of the shoreline of the Massachusetts coast for the 165 years from 1844 through 2009. The study area includes the Massachusetts coastal region from Salisbury to Westport, including Cape Cod, as well as Martha’s Vineyard, Nantucket, and the Elizabeth Islands. New statewide shoreline data were developed for approximately 1,804 kilometers (1,121 miles) of shoreline using color aerial orthoimagery from 2008 and 2009 and topographic lidar from 2007.\n\nThe shoreline data were integrated with existing historical shoreline data from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management (CZM) to compute long- (about 150 years) and short-term (about 30 years) rates of shoreline change. A linear regression method was used to calculate long- and short-term rates of shoreline change at 26,510 transects along the Massachusetts coast. In locations where shoreline data were insufficient to use the linear regression method, short-term rates were calculated using an end-point method.\n\nLong-term rates of shoreline change are calculated with (LTw) and without (LTwo) shorelines from the 1970s and 1994 to examine the effect of removing these data on measured rates of change. Regionally averaged rates are used to assess the general characteristics of the two-rate computations, and we find that (1) the rates of change for both LTw and LTwo are essentially the same; (2) including more data slightly reduces the uncertainty of the rate, which is expected as the number of shorelines increases; and (3) the data for the shorelines from the 1970s and 1994 are not outliers with respect to the long-term trend. These findings are true for regional averages, but may not hold at specific transects.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121189","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management","usgsCitation":"Thieler, E.R., Smith, T.L., Knisel, J.M., and Sampson, D.W., 2013, Massachusetts Shoreline Change Mapping and Analysis Project, 2013 Update: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1189, vi, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121189.","productDescription":"vi, 42 p.","numberOfPages":"52","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":274126,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20121189.gif"},{"id":274123,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1189/"},{"id":274124,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1189/pdf/ofr2012-1189_report_508.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -73.5081,41.2384 ], [ -73.5081,42.8868 ], [ -69.9278,42.8868 ], [ -69.9278,41.2384 ], [ -73.5081,41.2384 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51c95c5be4b0a50a6e8f57b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thieler, E. Robert 0000-0003-4311-9717 rthieler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4311-9717","contributorId":2488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieler","given":"E.","email":"rthieler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Theresa L.","contributorId":80163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Theresa","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knisel, Julia M.","contributorId":20630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knisel","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sampson, Daniel W.","contributorId":24259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sampson","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70046667,"text":"ofr20131050 - 2013 - Characterization of major lithologic units underlying the lower American River using water-borne continuous resistivity profiling, Sacramento, California, June 2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-20T08:43:21","indexId":"ofr20131050","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1050","title":"Characterization of major lithologic units underlying the lower American River using water-borne continuous resistivity profiling, Sacramento, California, June 2008","docAbstract":"The levee system of the lower American River in Sacramento, California, is situated above a mixed lithology of alluvial deposits that range from clay to gravel. In addition, sand deposits related to hydraulic mining activities underlie the floodplain and are preferentially prone to scour during high-flow events. In contrast, sections of the American River channel have been observed to be scour resistant. In this study, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, explores the resistivity structure of the American River channel to characterize the extent and thickness of lithologic units that may impact the scour potential of the area. Likely lithologic structures are interpreted, but these interpretations are non-unique and cannot be directly related to scour potential. Additional geotechnical data would provide insightful data on the scour potential of certain lithologic units. Additional interpretation of the resistivity data with respect to these results may improve interpretations of lithology and scour potential throughout the American River channel and floodplain.\n\nResistivity data were collected in three profiles along the American River using a water-borne continuous resistivity profiling technique. After processing and modeling these data, inverted resistivity profiles were used to make interpretations about the extent and thickness of possible lithologic units. In general, an intermittent high-resistivity layer likely indicative of sand or gravel deposits extends to a depth of around 30 feet (9 meters) and is underlain by a consistent low-resistivity layer that likely indicates a high-clay content unit that extends below the depth of investigation (60 feet or 18 meters). Immediately upstream of the Watt Avenue Bridge, the high-resistivity layer is absent, and the low-resistivity layer extends to the surface where a scour-resistant layer has been previously observed in the river bed.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131050","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Sacramento District","usgsCitation":"Ball, L.B., and Teeple, A., 2013, Characterization of major lithologic units underlying the lower American River using water-borne continuous resistivity profiling, Sacramento, California, June 2008: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1050, iv, 13 p.; Maps: 5 Sheets: 45 x 22 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131050.","productDescription":"iv, 13 p.; Maps: 5 Sheets: 45 x 22 inches","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2008-06-01","temporalEnd":"2008-07-01","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":274013,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131050.gif"},{"id":274006,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1050/"},{"id":274007,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1050/OF13-1050.pdf"},{"id":274008,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1050/plate1.pdf"},{"id":274009,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1050/plate2.pdf"},{"id":274010,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1050/plate3.pdf"},{"id":274011,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1050/plate4.pdf"},{"id":274012,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1050/plate5.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Sacramento","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.433333,38.55 ], [ -121.433333,38.591667 ], [ -121.333333,38.591667 ], [ -121.333333,38.55 ], [ -121.433333,38.55 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51c42210e4b03c77dce65a03","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ball, Lyndsay B. 0000-0002-6356-4693 lbball@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6356-4693","contributorId":1138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"Lyndsay","email":"lbball@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Teeple, Andrew 0000-0003-1781-8354 apteeple@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1781-8354","contributorId":1399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teeple","given":"Andrew ","email":"apteeple@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":479959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70046668,"text":"ofr20131128 - 2013 - Internal nutrient sources and nutrient distributions in Alviso Pond A3W, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-23T09:14:48","indexId":"ofr20131128","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1128","title":"Internal nutrient sources and nutrient distributions in Alviso Pond A3W, California","docAbstract":"Within the Alviso Salt Pond complex, California, currently undergoing avian-habitat restoration, pore-water profilers (U.S. Patent 8,051,727 B1) were deployed in triplicate at two contrasting sites in Pond A3W (“Inlet”, near the inflow, and “Deep”, near the middle of the pond; figs. 1 and 2; table 1, note that tables in this report are provided online only as a .xlsx workbook at http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1128/). Deployments were conducted in 2010 and 2012 during the summer algal-growth season. Specifically, three deployments, each about 7 weeks apart, were undertaken each summer. This study provides the first measurements of the diffusive flux of nutrients across the interface between the pond bed and water column (that is, benthic nutrient flux). These nutrient fluxes are crucial to pond restoration efforts because they typically represent a major (if not the greatest) source of nutrients to the water column in both ponds and other lentic systems.\n\nFor soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP, the most biologically available form in solution), benthic flux was positive both years (that is, out of the sediment into the water column; table 2), with the exception of the August 2010 deployment, which exhibited nearly negligible but negative flux. Overall, the average SRP flux was significantly greater at Deep (23.9 ± 8.6 micromoles per square meter per hour (µmol-m-2-h-1); all errors shown reflect the 95-percent confidence interval) than Inlet (12.6 ± 4.9 µmol-m-2-h-1). There was much greater temporal variability in SRP flux in the pond than reported for the lower estuary (Topping and others, 2001).\n\nFor dissolved ammonia, benthic flux was consistently positive on all six sampling trips, and similar to SRP, the fluxes at Deep (258 ± 49 µmol-m-2-h-1) were consistently greater than those at Inlet (28 ± 11 µmol-m-2-h-1). Dissolved ammonia fluxes reported for South San Francisco Bay by Topping and others (2001) fall in between these values. Once again, greater variability for benthic fluxes determined in the pond was observed relative to adjacent South San Francisco Bay. With the near absence of any measurable concentration gradient, dissolved-nitrate fluxes were consistently negligible in the pond.\n\nSilica fluxes are often used to represent sediment diagenetic processes that biogeochemically cycle silica (an important algal macronutrient) between biogenic and inorganic phases (Fanning and Pilson, 1974; Emerson and others, 1984). For South San Francisco Bay, those values are consistently positive from core-incubation experiments. In Pond A3W, dissolved-silica fluxes averaged 49 ± 25 µmol-m-2-h-1 at Inlet and were much higher at Deep (482 ± 370 µmol-m-2-h-1), similar to the spatially variability observed for SRP and dissolved ammonia. An elevated silica flux can stimulate diatom production and subsequent eutrophication effects. Variability in these silica fluxes is consistent with season patterns in pond primary productivity.\n\nOn the basis of comparisons of dissolved-oxygen flux measurements by profilers and core incubations, it appears that diffusive flux estimates for the sediment in this pond, as one might expected in such benthically productive environments, result in a significant underestimation of true sediment oxygen demand. Therefore, a core incubation experiment was conducted to better quantify the demand.\n\nTo complement these benthic-flux studies, a diurnal study of nutrient advective flux into and out of the pond was measured during neap and spring tides to provide comparative estimates for allochthonous solute transport (Garret, 2012). Using the two different tides as the probable upper and lower boundaries, we can estimate a range of probable values throughout the year. After converting this advective flux into kg/yr, we can compare it directly to benthic flux estimates for the pond extrapolated over the 2.27 square kilometer (km2) pond surface. Benthic flux of nitrogen species, averaged over all sites and dates, was about 80,000 kilograms per year (kg/yr), well above the adjective flux range of -50 to 1,500 kg/yr. By contrast, the average benthic flux of orthophosphate was about 12,000 kg/yr, well below the advective flux range of 21,500 to 30,000 kg/yr.\n\nInitial benthic flux estimates were also made for trace metals, including copper, nickel, iron, and manganese. These analyses indicated that the two sites, Inlet and Deep, have different pore-water profiles, with Inlet exhibiting much higher benthic flux estimates for nickel, iron, and manganese.\n\nThese initial benthic-flux values reported for macronutrients are particularly impressive in magnitude when one considers that diffusive flux of dissolved solutes based on pore-water profiles provides a conservative determination that may be enhanced by other biogeochemical processes. These enhancement processes (Boudreau and Jorgensen, 2001) include bioturbation, bioirrigation, wind resuspension, and potential groundwater inflows, some of which are captured in core-incubation experiments (Kuwabara and others, 2009). Hence, the values reported herein represent lower bounds to indicate the potential importance of such internal solute sources. The elevated diffusive fluxes for nutrients in the pond relative to the adjacent estuary indicate that vertical nutrient transport between the pond bed and water column is consistently an important (and at times the most important) source of nutrients that stimulate phytoplankton growth in the water column. One might therefore reasonably hypothesize that this benthic transport of biologically reactive solutes (both nutrients and toxicants) represents the most important step at the base of the food web for trophic transfer.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131128","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Topping, B.R., Kuwabara, J.S., Garrett, K.K., Takekawa, J.Y., Parcheso, F., Piotter, S., Clearwater, I., and Shellenbarger, G., 2013, Internal nutrient sources and nutrient distributions in Alviso Pond A3W, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1128, iv, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131128.","productDescription":"iv, 17 p.","numberOfPages":"23","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":633,"text":"Water Resources National Research Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":274017,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131128.gif"},{"id":274016,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1128/of2013-1128_tables.xlsx"},{"id":274014,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1128/"},{"id":274015,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1128/of2013-1128_text.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Jose","otherGeospatial":"Alviso","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.0912,37.3685 ], [ -122.0912,37.5088 ], [ -121.8669,37.5088 ], [ -121.8669,37.3685 ], [ -122.0912,37.3685 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51c42212e4b03c77dce65a1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Topping, Brent R. 0000-0002-7887-4221 btopping@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7887-4221","contributorId":1484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Topping","given":"Brent","email":"btopping@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kuwabara, James S. 0000-0003-2502-1601 kuwabara@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2502-1601","contributorId":3374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuwabara","given":"James","email":"kuwabara@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garrett, Krista K.","contributorId":54094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrett","given":"Krista","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":479961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Parcheso, Francis 0000-0002-9471-7787 parchaso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9471-7787","contributorId":2590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parcheso","given":"Francis","email":"parchaso@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":479963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Piotter, Sara","contributorId":43464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piotter","given":"Sara","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Clearwater, Iris","contributorId":97406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clearwater","given":"Iris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Shellenbarger, Gregory gshellen@usgs.gov","contributorId":1133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shellenbarger","given":"Gregory","email":"gshellen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":479960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70046645,"text":"ofr20131126 - 2013 - Landscape consequences of natural gas extraction in Somerset and Westmoreland Counties, Pennsylvania,2004--2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-19T17:40:08","indexId":"ofr20131126","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1126","title":"Landscape consequences of natural gas extraction in Somerset and Westmoreland Counties, Pennsylvania,2004--2010","docAbstract":"

Increased demands for cleaner burning energy, coupled with the relatively recent technological advances in accessing unconventional hydrocarbon-rich geologic formations, have led to an intense effort to find and extract natural gas from various underground sources around the country. One of these sources, the Marcellus Shale, located in the Allegheny Plateau, is currently undergoing extensive drilling and production. The technology used to extract gas in the Marcellus Shale is known as hydraulic fracturing and has garnered much attention because of its use of large amounts of fresh water, its use of proprietary fluids for the hydraulic-fracturing process, its potential to release contaminants into the environment, and its potential effect on water resources. Nonetheless, development of natural gas extraction wells in the Marcellus Shale is only part of the overall natural gas story in this area of Pennsylvania. Conventional natural gas wells, which sometimes use the same technique, are commonly located in the same general area as the Marcellus Shale and are frequently developed in clusters across the landscape. The combined effects of these two natural gas extraction methods create potentially serious patterns of disturbance on the landscape. This document quantifies the landscape changes and consequences of natural gas extraction for Somerset County and Westmoreland County in Pennsylvania between 2004 and 2010. Patterns of landscape disturbance related to natural gas extraction activities were collected and digitized using National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) imagery for 2004, 2005/2006, 2008, and 2010. The disturbance patterns were then used to measure changes in land cover and land use using the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) of 2001. A series of landscape metrics is also used to quantify these changes and is included in this publication.

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Survey as part of the Alaska Mineral Resource Assessment Program. That mapping built upon previous USGS work (1963–1988) unraveling the magmatic history of the Alaska–Aleutian Range batholith. Quaternary unit contacts depicted on this map are derived largely from aerial-photograph interpretation. K-Ar ages made prior to this study have been recalculated using 1977 decay constants. The east half of the Lime Hills 1:250,000-scale quadrangle includes part of the Alaska–Aleutian Range batholith and several sequences of sedimentary rocks or mixed sedimentary and volcanic rocks. The Alaska–Aleutian Range batholith contains rocks that represent three major igneous episodes, (1) Early and Middle Jurassic, (2) Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary, and (3) middle Tertiary; only rocks from the latter two episodes are found in this map area. The map area is one of very steep and rugged terrain; elevations range from a little under 1,000 ft (305 m) to 9,828 ft (2,996 m). Foot traverses are generally restricted to lowermost elevations. Areas suitable for helicopter landings can be scarce at higher elevations. Most of the area was mapped from the air, supplemented by direct examination of rocks where possible. This restricted access greatly complicates understanding some of the more complex geologic units. For example, we know there are plutons whose compositions vary from gabbro to granodiorite, but we have little insight as to how these phases are distributed and what their relations might be to each other. It is also possible that some of what we have described as compositionally complex plutons might actually be several distinct intrusions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Service","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131090","usgsCitation":"Gamble, B.M., Reed, B.L., Richter, D.H., and Lanphere, M.A., 2013, Geologic map of the east half of the Lime Hills 1:250,000-scale quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1090, Map: 35 inches x 28 inches; Readme: PDF file; Metadata folder; GIS Data: ZIP file, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131090.","productDescription":"Map: 35 inches x 28 inches; Readme: PDF file; Metadata folder; GIS Data: ZIP file","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273835,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131090.gif"},{"id":273832,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1090/of2013-1090_readme.pdf"},{"id":273830,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1090/"},{"id":273831,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1090/of2013-1090_map.pdf"},{"id":273833,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1090/of2013-1090_metadata/metadata.html"},{"id":273834,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1090/of2013-1090_database.zip"}],"scale":"250000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator, Zone 5N","datum":"North American Datum of 1927","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Lime Hills","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -154.500,61.0000 ], [ -154.500,62.0000 ], [ -153.000,62.0000 ], [ -153.000,61.0000 ], [ -154.500,61.0000 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51c021d5e4b0ee1529ecdeca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gamble, Bruce M. bgamble@usgs.gov","contributorId":560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gamble","given":"Bruce","email":"bgamble@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":479889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reed, Bruce L.","contributorId":19928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richter, Donald H.","contributorId":61021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richter","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lanphere, Marvin A. alder@usgs.gov","contributorId":2696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanphere","given":"Marvin","email":"alder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":479890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70046578,"text":"ofr20131096 - 2013 - Geologic map of southwestern Sequoia National Park, Tulare County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-14T15:25:26","indexId":"ofr20131096","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1096","title":"Geologic map of southwestern Sequoia National Park, Tulare County, California","docAbstract":"This map shows the geology of 675 km2 (260 mi2) on the west slope of the Sierra Nevada, California, mainly in Sequoia National Park and Sequoia National Forest. It was produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) at the request of the National Park Service to complete the geologic map coverage of Kings Canyon and Sequoia National Parks. The area includes the Mineral King 15’ topographic quadrangle (sheet 1) and strips along the east and northeast edges of the Kaweah 15’ topographic quadrangle (sheet 2), both in Tulare County. Mapping was performed mainly on the 1:24,000-scale Mineral King, Silver City, Quinn Peak, Moses Mountain, Case Mountain, and Dennison Peak 7.5’ topographic quadrangle bases. Rocks within the study area are chiefly Cretaceous granites and granodiorites of the Sierra Nevada batholith that intruded coherent masses of Mesozoic metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks. Quaternary till and talus are the principal surficial deposits, with the exception of a large bouldery alluvial apron near the southwest corner of the map area. The study area includes the headwaters of the Kaweah River (East and South Forks), Tule River (North Fork and North Fork of the Middle Fork), and the Little Kern River. Relief is considerable, with elevations spanning from 1,500 feet along the Middle Fork Kaweah River to 12,432 feet at the summit of Florence Peak along the crest of the Great Western Divide.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131096","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Sisson, T.W., and Moore, J.G., 2013, Geologic map of southwestern Sequoia National Park, Tulare County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1096, Pamphlet: ii, 27 p.; 2 Sheets: 38.40 x 52.04 inches; Readme file; Metadata folder; Data folder, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131096.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: ii, 27 p.; 2 Sheets: 38.40 x 52.04 inches; Readme file; Metadata folder; Data folder","numberOfPages":"29","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":619,"text":"Volcano Science Center-Menlo Park","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273742,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131096.gif"},{"id":273737,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1096/of2013-1096_sheet1.pdf"},{"id":273738,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1096/of2013-1096_sheet2.pdf"},{"id":273739,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1096/1_readme.txt"},{"id":273735,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1096/"},{"id":273736,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1096/of2013-1096_pamphlet.pdf"},{"id":273740,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1096/metadata"},{"id":273741,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1096/data"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sequoia National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.92,36.29 ], [ -118.92,36.70 ], [ -118.23,36.70 ], [ -118.23,36.29 ], [ -118.92,36.29 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51bc2d5be4b0c04034a01c74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sisson, Thomas W. 0000-0003-3380-6425 tsisson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3380-6425","contributorId":2341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sisson","given":"Thomas","email":"tsisson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, James G. 0000-0002-7543-2401 jmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7543-2401","contributorId":2892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"James","email":"jmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}