{"pageNumber":"874","pageRowStart":"21825","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184582,"records":[{"id":70196876,"text":"70196876 - 2018 - Increased scientific rigor will improve reliability of research and effectiveness of management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-08T13:21:48","indexId":"70196876","displayToPublicDate":"2018-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Increased scientific rigor will improve reliability of research and effectiveness of management","docAbstract":"<p><span>Rigorous science that produces reliable knowledge is critical to wildlife management because it increases accurate understanding of the natural world and informs management decisions effectively. Application of a rigorous scientific method based on hypothesis testing minimizes unreliable knowledge produced by research. To evaluate the prevalence of scientific rigor in wildlife research, we examined 24 issues of the&nbsp;</span><i>Journal of Wildlife Management</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>from August 2013 through July 2016. We found 43.9% of studies did not state or imply<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>a priori</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>hypotheses, which are necessary to produce reliable knowledge. We posit that this is due, at least in part, to a lack of common understanding of what rigorous science entails, how it produces more reliable knowledge than other forms of interpreting observations, and how research should be designed to maximize inferential strength and usefulness of application. Current primary literature does not provide succinct explanations of the logic behind a rigorous scientific method or readily applicable guidance for employing it, particularly in wildlife biology; we therefore synthesized an overview of the history, philosophy, and logic that define scientific rigor for biological studies. A rigorous scientific method includes 1) generating a research question from theory and prior observations, 2) developing hypotheses (i.e., plausible biological answers to the question), 3) formulating predictions (i.e., facts that must be true if the hypothesis is true), 4) designing and implementing research to collect data potentially consistent with predictions, 5) evaluating whether predictions are consistent with collected data, and 6) drawing inferences based on the evaluation. Explicitly testing<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>a priori</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>hypotheses reduces overall uncertainty by reducing the number of plausible biological explanations to only those that are logically well supported. Such research also draws inferences that are robust to idiosyncratic observations and unavoidable human biases. Offering only<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>post hoc</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>interpretations of statistical patterns (i.e.,<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>a posteriori</i><span>hypotheses) adds to uncertainty because it increases the number of plausible biological explanations without determining which have the greatest support. Further,<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>post hoc</i><span>interpretations are strongly subject to human biases. Testing hypotheses maximizes the credibility of research findings, makes the strongest contributions to theory and management, and improves reproducibility of research. Management decisions based on rigorous research are most likely to result in effective conservation of wildlife resources.<span>&nbsp;</span></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21413","usgsCitation":"Sells, S.N., Bassing, S.B., Barker, K.J., Forshee, S.C., Keever, A., Goerz, J.W., and Mitchell, M.S., 2018, Increased scientific rigor will improve reliability of research and effectiveness of management: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 82, no. 3, p. 485-494, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21413.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"485","endPage":"494","ipdsId":"IP-091041","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468873,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21413","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":354011,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6ece4b0da30c1bfbf75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sells, Sarah N.","contributorId":171706,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sells","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bassing, Sarah B.","contributorId":198688,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bassing","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barker, Kristin J.","contributorId":204755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barker","given":"Kristin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Forshee, Shannon C.","contributorId":204756,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Forshee","given":"Shannon","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Keever, Allison","contributorId":187743,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keever","given":"Allison","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Goerz, James W.","contributorId":204757,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goerz","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mitchell, Michael S. 0000-0002-0773-6905 mmitchel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-6905","contributorId":3716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Michael","email":"mmitchel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":734889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70196473,"text":"70196473 - 2018 - Springs as hydrologic refugia in a changing climate? A remote sensing approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-10T16:51:18","indexId":"70196473","displayToPublicDate":"2018-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Springs as hydrologic refugia in a changing climate? A remote sensing approach","docAbstract":"<p><span>Spring‐fed wetlands are ecologically important habitats in arid and semi‐arid regions. Springs have been suggested as possible hydrologic refugia from droughts and climate change; however, springs that depend on recent precipitation or snowmelt for recharge may be vulnerable to warming and drought intensification. Springs that are expected to maintain their ecohydrologic function in a warmer, drier climate may be priorities for conservation and restoration. Identifying such springs is difficult because many springs lack hydrologic records of adequate temporal extent and resolution to assess their resilience to water cycle changes. This study demonstrates proof‐of‐concept for the assessment of certain spring types (i.e., helocrene, hypocrene, and hillslope springs) in terms of hydrologic and ecological resilience to climatic water stress using freely available remote‐sensing and climate data. We used the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) from 1985 through 2011 to delineate surface‐moisture zones (SMZs) associated with 39 clusters of 172 springs in a montane sage‐steppe landscape in southeastern Oregon, USA. We developed and synthesized seven NDVI‐based indicators of SMZ resilience to interannual changes in water availability: (1) mean and (2) standard deviation of July NDVI; (3) mean difference in July NDVI and (4) difference in coefficient of variation for July NDVI between each SMZ and its surrounding watershed; (5) response of SMZ July NDVI to 90‐day antecedent precipitation; (6) response of SMZ July NDVI to the previous winter's snowpack; and (7) range of NDVI values from an exceptionally wet year followed by three dry years. Because all resilience indicators were highly inter‐correlated, we derived an overall metric of SMZ resilience using principal components analysis that accounted for 66% of total variance. This overall resilience score was positively correlated with SMZ elevation, slope, mean annual precipitation, and with the number of associated springs. Resilience was greater for SMZs on topographically shaded, north‐facing slopes. Several high‐resilience SMZs were located immediately below persistent snowbanks, suggesting a possible source of steady recharge throughout the growing season. The approach presented here—if combined with field assessments of spring hydrogeology, discharge, and groundwater age—could help identify spring‐fed wetlands that are most likely to serve as hydrologic refugia from climate change.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2155","usgsCitation":"Cartwright, J.M., and Johnson, H.M., 2018, Springs as hydrologic refugia in a changing climate? A remote sensing approach: Ecosphere, v. 9, no. 3, p. 1-22, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2155.","productDescription":"e02155; 22 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"22","ipdsId":"IP-088217","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468874,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2155","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":353310,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Steens Mountain Cooperative Manage-ment and Protection Area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119,\n              42.3333\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.1667,\n              42.3333\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.1667,\n              43.1667\n            ],\n            [\n              -119,\n              43.1667\n            ],\n            [\n              -119,\n              42.3333\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-03-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6ede4b0da30c1bfbf93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cartwright, Jennifer M. 0000-0003-0851-8456 jmcart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0851-8456","contributorId":5386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cartwright","given":"Jennifer","email":"jmcart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Henry M. 0000-0002-7571-4994 hjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7571-4994","contributorId":869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Henry","email":"hjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70196944,"text":"70196944 - 2018 - River flow and riparian vegetation dynamics - implications for management of the Yampa River through Dinosaur National Monument","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-21T15:23:20","indexId":"70196944","displayToPublicDate":"2018-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":53,"text":"Natural Resource Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"NPS/NRSS/WRD/NRR—2018/1619","title":"River flow and riparian vegetation dynamics - implications for management of the Yampa River through Dinosaur National Monument","docAbstract":"<p>This report addresses the relation between flow of the Yampa River and occurrence of herbaceous and woody riparian vegetation in Dinosaur National Monument (DINO) with the goal of informing management decisions related to potential future water development. The Yampa River in DINO flows through diverse valley settings, from the relatively broad restricted meanders of Deerlodge Park to narrower canyons, including debris fan-affected reaches in the upper Yampa Canyon and entrenched meanders in Harding Hole and Laddie Park. Analysis of occurrence of all plant species measured in 1470 quadrats by multiple authors over the last 24 years shows that riparian vegetation along the Yampa River is strongly related to valley setting and geomorphic surfaces, defined here as active channel, active floodplain, inactive floodplain, and upland. Principal Coordinates Ordination arrayed quadrats and species along gradients of overall cover and moisture availability, from upland and inactive floodplain quadrats and associated xeric species like western wheat grass (Pascopyrum smithii), cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum), and saltgrass (Distichlis spicata) to active channel and active floodplain quadrats supporting more mesic species including sandbar willow (Salix exigua), wild licorice (Glycyrrhiza lepidota), and cordgrass (Spartina spp.). Indicator species analysis identified plants strongly correlated with geomorphic surfaces. These species indicate state changes in geomorphic surfaces, such as the conversion of active channel to floodplain during channel narrowing. </p><p>The dominant woody riparian species along the Yampa River are invasive tamarisk (Tamarix ramosissima), and native Fremont cottonwood (Populus deltoides ssp. wislizenii), box elder (Acer negundo L. var. interius), and sandbar willow (Salix exigua). These species differ in tolerance of drought, salinity, inundation, flood disturbance and shade, and in seed size, timing of seed dispersal and ability to form root sprouts. These physiological and ecological differences interact with flow variation and geomorphic setting, resulting in differential patterns of occurrence. For example, in park settings cottonwood is far more abundant than box elder, while the reverse is true in canyons. </p><p>Synthesis of existing knowledge from the Yampa and Green rivers and elsewhere suggests that the following flow-vegetation relations can be used to assess effects of future flow alterations in the Yampa River.</p><ul><li>High variability in flow within and between years removes vegetation through erosion, extended inundation and desiccation, creating the broad, open surfaces in and near the channel that are characteristic of lightly regulated rivers in western North America. This flow variability provides opportunities for establishment of disturbance-dependent riparian species.<br></li><li>Flow regulation that results in lower peak flows and higher low flows allows proliferation of woody riparian vegetation, mostly tamarisk in canyon reaches, but both tamarisk and cottonwood in parks. Denser near-channel vegetation promotes sediment deposition leading to channel narrowing. Decreasing flow variability also increases area of species associated with extremely high and low inundation durations relative to species associated with moderate inundation duration. In addition, such flow regulation decreases occurrence of species tolerant of fluvial disturbance, while increasing occurrence of species tolerant of extended inundation.<br></li><li>Over the long term, establishment of cottonwood and tamarisk requires disturbance by large floods, which provides openings for new individuals. At the annual time scale, establishment can occur in any year or location that provides a moist, open surface free from frequent future disturbance. In canyons, where channel movement is limited, low surfaces are too frequently disturbed for long-term survival of cottonwood, and establishment requirements are generally met only in years of moderate to high peak flows. In park settings cottonwood establishment may also occur in years of low peak flows where survival is promoted by movement of the channel away from the seedling.<br></li><li>Peak flows early in the growing season promote establishment of cottonwood and sandbar willow seedlings relative to those of tamarisk. This is because cottonwood and willow seed release occurs early in the summer, while that of tamarisk occurs later. Late season seed release of tamarisk allows it to establish lower on the floodplain than cottonwood.<br></li><li>Because of its shade tolerance and the energy stored in its large seeds, box elder can become established beneath existing vegetation, an ability not shared by cottonwood, tamarisk or willow. Although box elder does not require flood disturbance, it does take advantage of soil moisture from floods, which allow this species to become established high above the channel.<br></li><li>Decreases in flow peaks, volumes or base flows decrease growth and survival of cottonwood relative to drought-tolerant tamarisk. Storing water from the spring peak in a reservoir for release after the April-July cottonwood growth window may also decrease growth and survival of cottonwood relative to tamarisk. Decreases in peak flows decrease floodplain inundation, which can reduce growth of floodplain species by preventing recharge of the floodplain aquifer.<br></li><li>Two or more years in a row with similar flows promote establishment of woody vegetation. Subsequent sediment deposition around this vegetation, especially if the vegetation is tamarisk, results in channel narrowing and simplification.<br></li><li>Rapid declines in the descending limb of the hydrograph kill riparian woody seedlings by desiccation. Fluctuations in the descending limb can kill seedlings by desiccation and inundation. Thus rapid declines and fluctuations would be counterproductive following early-season peaks prescribed to promote cottonwood, but would be consistent with the goal of preventing tamarisk establishment following a late-season peak.<br></li><li>The tendency of regulated flows to keep returning to a small number of fixed discharge values (such as power plant capacity or a fixed minimum flow) can cause unnaturally sharp banding of geomorphic surfaces, topography and vegetation that is not necessarily erased by large flood peaks.<br></li><li>Changes in sediment load relative to transport capacity may promote channel change especially in alluvial settings. For example, decreases in sediment input from the Little Snake River Basin since 1960 (or earlier) could be associated with channel narrowing and temporary increases in establishment of both cottonwood and tamarisk along the Yampa River.<br></li><li>Increases in salinity of water or soil promote tamarisk over the native woody species. Even if water salinity does not increase, floodplain soil salinity can be increased by decreasing the flushing caused by overbank flooding.<br></li></ul>","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Scott, M.L., and Friedman, J.M., 2018, River flow and riparian vegetation dynamics - implications for management of the Yampa River through Dinosaur National Monument: Natural Resource Report NPS/NRSS/WRD/NRR—2018/1619, vii, 42 p.","productDescription":"vii, 42 p.","ipdsId":"IP-088242","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354363,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":354105,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/DownloadFile/600930"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Dinosaur National Monument, Yampa River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109.35104370117188,\n              40.40199342239122\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.48587036132812,\n              40.40199342239122\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.48587036132812,\n              40.8034148344062\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.35104370117188,\n              40.8034148344062\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.35104370117188,\n              40.40199342239122\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b155d93e4b092d9651e1b72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, Michael L.","contributorId":204827,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scott","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":36206,"text":"Retired","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Friedman, Jonathan M. 0000-0002-1329-0663 friedmanj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1329-0663","contributorId":2473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"Jonathan","email":"friedmanj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70196531,"text":"70196531 - 2018 - Tropical cyclone activities: Asia Pacific Region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-20T16:44:37.061189","indexId":"70196531","displayToPublicDate":"2018-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"6","title":"Tropical cyclone activities: Asia Pacific Region","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.<br></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Exploring natural hazards: A case study approach","language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","isbn":"9781138054424","usgsCitation":"Harriman, L.M., 2018, Tropical cyclone activities: Asia Pacific Region, chap. 6 <i>of</i> Exploring natural hazards: A case study approach, p. 141-158.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"141","endPage":"158","ipdsId":"IP-055953","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353483,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":353422,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.crcpress.com/Exploring-Natural-Hazards-A-Case-Study-Approach/Bartlett-Singh/p/book/9781138054424"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6ede4b0da30c1bfbf8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harriman, Lindsey M. 0000-0001-9312-7622 lharriman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9312-7622","contributorId":5404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harriman","given":"Lindsey","email":"lharriman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70196965,"text":"70196965 - 2018 - Tundra landform and vegetation productivity trend maps for the Arctic Coastal Plain of northern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-15T16:50:33","indexId":"70196965","displayToPublicDate":"2018-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3907,"text":"Scientific Data","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tundra landform and vegetation productivity trend maps for the Arctic Coastal Plain of northern Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>Arctic tundra landscapes are composed of a complex mosaic of patterned ground features, varying in soil moisture, vegetation composition, and surface hydrology over small spatial scales (10–100 m). The importance of microtopography and associated geomorphic landforms in influencing ecosystem structure and function is well founded, however, spatial data products describing local to regional scale distribution of patterned ground or polygonal tundra geomorphology are largely unavailable. Thus, our understanding of local impacts on regional scale processes (e.g., carbon dynamics) may be limited. We produced two key spatiotemporal datasets spanning the Arctic Coastal Plain of northern Alaska (~60,000 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>) to evaluate climate-geomorphological controls on arctic tundra productivity change, using (1) a novel 30 m classification of polygonal tundra geomorphology and (2) decadal-trends in surface greenness using the Landsat archive (1999–2014). These datasets can be easily integrated and adapted in an array of local to regional applications such as (1) upscaling plot-level measurements (e.g., carbon/energy fluxes), (2) mapping of soils, vegetation, or permafrost, and/or (3) initializing ecosystem biogeochemistry, hydrology, and/or habitat modeling.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/sdata.2018.58","usgsCitation":"Lara, M.J., Nitze, I., Grosse, G., and McGuire, A.D., 2018, Tundra landform and vegetation productivity trend maps for the Arctic Coastal Plain of northern Alaska: Scientific Data, v. 5, p. 1-10, https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.58.","productDescription":"Article number: 180058; 10 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"10","ipdsId":"IP-088497","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468870,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.58","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":354201,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Arctic Coastal Plain","volume":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-04-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6ece4b0da30c1bfbf73","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lara, Mark J.","contributorId":194640,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lara","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nitze, Ingmar","contributorId":191057,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nitze","given":"Ingmar","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grosse, Guido","contributorId":101475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grosse","given":"Guido","affiliations":[{"id":34291,"text":"University of Potsdam, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McGuire, A. David 0000-0003-4646-0750 ffadm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4646-0750","contributorId":166708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A.","email":"ffadm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":735151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70196773,"text":"70196773 - 2018 -  Incorporating an approach to aid river and reservoir fisheries in an altered landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-01T16:42:28","indexId":"70196773","displayToPublicDate":"2018-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5373,"text":"Cooperator Science Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"129-2018","title":" Incorporating an approach to aid river and reservoir fisheries in an altered landscape","docAbstract":"<p>Reservoir construction for human-use services alters connected riverine flow patterns and influences fish production. We sampled two pelagic fishes from two rivers and two reservoirs and related seasonal and annual hydrology patterns to the recruitment and growth of each species. River and reservoir populations of Freshwater Drum Aplodinotus grunniens reached similar ages (32 and 31, respectively). Likewise, longevity of Gizzard Shad Dorosoma cepedianum between the two systems was also similar (7 and 8 years, respectively). However, both species grew larger in the rivers compared to reservoir residents. Recruitment of Freshwater Drum in reservoirs was negatively related to water retention time (r2=0.59) suggesting moving water through the reservoir was beneficial. Riverine recruitment of Freshwater Drum populations was negatively related to the annual number of flow reversals and positively related to prespawn discharge (r2 = 0.33). Unlike Freshwater Drum, there was no relationship between flow metrics and Gizzard Shad recruitment in reservoirs. However, recruitment of riverine Gizzard Shad was positively related to high flow pulses during the prespawn and spawning seasons (r2 = 0.48). The growth of both species in reservoirs was positively related to the number of days each year that water levels were above the conservation pool. Growth of Freshwater Drum was also negatively related to minimum reservoir summer water levels (r2 = 0.84). Growth of both Freshwater Drum and Gizzard Shad occupying lotic systems was positively related to May (r2 = 0.86) and July discharge (r2 = 0.84), respectively. In general, growth and recruitment of the reservoir populations was more related to annual water patterns, whereas riverine fishes responded more to seasonal flow patterns. Results of this study provide important information on the relationship between hydrology and pelagic fish production in both rivers and reservoirs. This information is useful if agencies are interested in developing holistic river-reservoir water-allocation plans.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Brewer, S.K., Shoup, D.E., and Dattillo, J., 2018,  Incorporating an approach to aid river and reservoir fisheries in an altered landscape: Cooperator Science Series 129-2018, ii, 66 p.","productDescription":"ii, 66 p.","ipdsId":"IP-094065","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353904,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":353860,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://digitalmedia.fws.gov/cdm/singleitem/collection/document/id/2228/rec/4"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6ece4b0da30c1bfbf7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brewer, Shannon K. 0000-0002-1537-3921 skbrewer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-3921","contributorId":2252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewer","given":"Shannon","email":"skbrewer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":734314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shoup, Daniel E.","contributorId":141325,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shoup","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dattillo, John","contributorId":204603,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dattillo","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70196731,"text":"70196731 - 2018 - Factors impacting hunter access to private lands in southeast Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-27T13:41:04","indexId":"70196731","displayToPublicDate":"2018-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1909,"text":"Human Dimensions of Wildlife","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors impacting hunter access to private lands in southeast Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p><span>White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) have important socioeconomic and ecological impacts in the United States. Hunting is considered to be important for the effective management of deer and relies on access to privately owned lands. In 2013, we surveyed nonindustrial private landowners in southeast Minnesota and created two logit models to examine factors that impact landowners’ decision to (a) allow public hunting access and (b) post private property. Parcel characteristics were found to impact landowner decisions to allow hunting access, particularly the size of the property and whether it was posted. Hunting access to small properties was more likely to be restricted to family, friends, and neighbors (83%) compared to medium (74%) or large properties (60%). Hunter concerns (e.g., liability) and knowledge about deer management was significant in both models, suggesting there are opportunities to educate landowners about the importance of allowing public hunting access and available liability protections.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10871209.2018.1396510","usgsCitation":"Walberg, E., Cornicelli, L., and Fulton, D.C., 2018, Factors impacting hunter access to private lands in southeast Minnesota: Human Dimensions of Wildlife, v. 23, no. 2, p. 101-114, https://doi.org/10.1080/10871209.2018.1396510.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"114","ipdsId":"IP-076425","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353777,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","volume":"23","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-12-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6ece4b0da30c1bfbf83","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walberg, Eric","contributorId":204490,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walberg","given":"Eric","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":734152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cornicelli, Louis","contributorId":199551,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cornicelli","given":"Louis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fulton, David C. 0000-0001-5763-7887 dcf@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5763-7887","contributorId":2208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulton","given":"David","email":"dcf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":734151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70205660,"text":"70205660 - 2018 - The bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) of Louisiana: an updated, annotated checklist","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-02T16:40:57","indexId":"70205660","displayToPublicDate":"2018-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3152,"text":"Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) of Louisiana: an updated, annotated checklist","docAbstract":"An annotated checklist is provided for 243 species and subspecies of bees collected from or thought to occur in the state of Louisiana, where 163 are confirmed records, 46 are probable records, and 34 are possible records. We also list twelve records considered to be “dubious” because of the absence of supporting collection data and extralimital reported ranges. Data on parish localities, seasonality, and floral records are provided when available. Specimen data are provided from two separate surveys in the state, one focusing on the fauna of longleaf pine savannas and another focusing on Cajun prairie habitat in southwestern Louisiana. Data from a previous annotated checklist of bees from longleaf pine savannas (Bartholomew et al. 2006) are included, as well as online records from the Discover Life checklist (Ascher and Pickering 2016), and bee holdings of the Louisiana State Arthropod Museum (LSAM, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA).We highlight the role that this museum and similar small institutional insect collections play in documenting faunas on local and regional scales.","language":"English","publisher":"Entomological Society of Washington","doi":"10.4289/0013-8797.120.2.272","usgsCitation":"Owens, B.E., Allain, L.K., VanGorder, E.C., Bossart, J.L., and Carlton, C.E., 2018, The bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) of Louisiana: an updated, annotated checklist: Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, v. 120, no. 2, p. 272-307, https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.120.2.272.","productDescription":"36 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,{"id":70197880,"text":"70197880 - 2018 - 2018 one‐year seismic hazard forecast for the central and eastern United States from induced and natural earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-25T11:02:24","indexId":"70197880","displayToPublicDate":"2018-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"2018 one‐year seismic hazard forecast for the central and eastern United States from induced and natural earthquakes","docAbstract":"<p><span>This article describes the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 2018 one‐year probabilistic seismic hazard forecast for the central and eastern United States from induced and natural earthquakes. For consistency, the updated 2018 forecast is developed using the same probabilistic seismicity‐based methodology as applied in the two previous forecasts. Rates of earthquakes across the United States&nbsp;</span><span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mi xmlns=&quot;&quot; mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;>M</mi><mo xmlns=&quot;&quot;>&amp;#x2265;</mo><mn xmlns=&quot;&quot;>3.0</mn></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-1\" class=\"math\"><span><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-2\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-3\" class=\"mi\">M</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-4\" class=\"mo\">≥</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-5\" class=\"mn\">3.0</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span><span>&nbsp;</span>grew rapidly between 2008 and 2015 but have steadily declined over the past 3&nbsp;years, especially in areas of Oklahoma and southern Kansas where fluid injection has decreased. The seismicity pattern in 2017 was complex with earthquakes more spatially dispersed than in the previous years. Some areas of west‐central Oklahoma experienced increased activity rates where industrial activity increased. Earthquake rates in Oklahoma (429 earthquakes of<span>&nbsp;</span></span><span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-2-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mi xmlns=&quot;&quot; mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;>M</mi><mo xmlns=&quot;&quot;>&amp;#x2265;</mo><mn xmlns=&quot;&quot;>3</mn></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-6\" class=\"math\"><span><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-7\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-8\" class=\"mi\">M</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-9\" class=\"mo\">≥</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-10\" class=\"mn\">3&nbsp;</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span>and 4<span>&nbsp;</span></span><span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-3-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mi xmlns=&quot;&quot; mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;>M</mi><mo xmlns=&quot;&quot;>&amp;#x2265;</mo><mn xmlns=&quot;&quot;>4</mn></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-11\" class=\"math\"><span><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-12\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-13\" class=\"mi\">M</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-14\" class=\"mo\">≥</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-15\" class=\"mn\">4</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span>), Raton basin (Colorado/New Mexico border, six earthquakes<span>&nbsp;</span></span><span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-4-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mi xmlns=&quot;&quot; mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;>M</mi><mo xmlns=&quot;&quot;>&amp;#x2265;</mo><mn xmlns=&quot;&quot;>3</mn></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-16\" class=\"math\"><span><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-17\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-18\" class=\"mi\">M</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-19\" class=\"mo\">≥</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-20\" class=\"mn\">3</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span>), and the New Madrid seismic zone (11 earthquakes<span>&nbsp;</span></span><span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-5-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mi xmlns=&quot;&quot; mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;>M</mi><mo xmlns=&quot;&quot;>&amp;#x2265;</mo><mn xmlns=&quot;&quot;>3</mn></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-21\" class=\"math\"><span><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-22\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-23\" class=\"mi\">M</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-24\" class=\"mo\">≥</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-25\" class=\"mn\">3</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span>) continue to be higher than historical levels. Almost all of these earthquakes occurred within the highest hazard regions of the 2017 forecast. Even though rates declined over the past 3 years, the short‐term hazard for damaging ground shaking across much of Oklahoma remains at high levels due to continuing high rates of smaller earthquakes that are still hundreds of times higher than at any time in the state’s history. Fine details and variability between the 2016–2018 forecasts are obscured by significant uncertainties in the input model. These short‐term hazard levels are similar to active regions in California. During 2017,<span>&nbsp;</span></span><span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-6-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mi xmlns=&quot;&quot; mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;>M</mi><mo xmlns=&quot;&quot;>&amp;#x2265;</mo><mn xmlns=&quot;&quot;>3</mn></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-26\" class=\"math\"><span><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-27\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-28\" class=\"mi\">M</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-29\" class=\"mo\">≥</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-30\" class=\"mn\">3</span></span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\" mce-data-marked=\"1\"> </span></span></span><span>earthquakes also occurred in or near Ohio, West Virginia, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Illinois, Oklahoma, Kansas, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Research Letters","doi":"10.1785/0220180005","usgsCitation":"Petersen, M.D., Mueller, C., Moschetti, M.P., Hoover, S.M., Rukstales, K.S., McNamara, D.E., Williams, R., Shumway, A., Powers, P.M., Earle, P.S., Llenos, A.L., Michael, A.J., Rubinstein, J.L., Norbeck, J., and Cochran, E.S., 2018, 2018 one‐year seismic hazard forecast for the central and eastern United States from induced and natural earthquakes: Seismological Research Letters, v. 89, no. 3, p. 1049-1061, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220180005.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1049","endPage":"1061","ipdsId":"IP-095223","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437970,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7CF9PC4","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data Release for 2018 One-Year Seismic Hazard Forecast for the Central and Eastern United States from Induced and Natural 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jrubinstein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1274-6785","contributorId":2404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubinstein","given":"Justin","email":"jrubinstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":738923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Norbeck, Jack 0000-0002-6139-9591 jnorbeck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6139-9591","contributorId":191211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norbeck","given":"Jack","email":"jnorbeck@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":738924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Cochran, Elizabeth S. 0000-0003-2485-4484 ecochran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2485-4484","contributorId":2025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochran","given":"Elizabeth","email":"ecochran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":738925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}}
,{"id":70196759,"text":"70196759 - 2018 - From top to bottom: Do Lake Trout diversify along a depth gradient in Great Bear Lake, NT, Canada?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-30T10:35:55","indexId":"70196759","displayToPublicDate":"2018-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"From top to bottom: Do Lake Trout diversify along a depth gradient in Great Bear Lake, NT, Canada?","docAbstract":"<p><span>Depth is usually considered the main driver of Lake Trout intraspecific diversity across lakes in North America. Given that Great Bear Lake is one of the largest and deepest freshwater systems in North America, we predicted that Lake Trout intraspecific diversity to be organized along a depth axis within this system. Thus, we investigated whether a deep-water morph of Lake Trout co-existed with four shallow-water morphs previously described in Great Bear Lake. Morphology, neutral genetic variation, isotopic niches, and life-history traits of Lake Trout across depths (0–150 m) were compared among morphs. Due to the propensity of Lake Trout with high levels of morphological diversity to occupy multiple habitat niches, a novel multivariate grouping method using a suite of composite variables was applied in addition to two other commonly used grouping methods to classify individuals. Depth alone did not explain Lake Trout diversity in Great Bear Lake; a distinct fifth deep-water morph was not found. Rather, Lake Trout diversity followed an ecological continuum, with some evidence for adaptation to local conditions in deep-water habitat. Overall, trout caught from deep-water showed low levels of genetic and phenotypic differentiation from shallow-water trout, and displayed higher lipid content (C:N ratio) and occupied a higher trophic level that suggested an potential increase of piscivory (including cannibalism) than the previously described four morphs. Why phenotypic divergence between shallow- and deep-water Lake Trout was low is unknown, especially when the potential for phenotypic variation should be high in deep and large Great Bear Lake. Given that variation in complexity of freshwater environments has dramatic consequences for divergence, variation in the complexity in Great Bear Lake (i.e., shallow being more complex than deep), may explain the observed dichotomy in the expression of intraspecific phenotypic diversity between shallow- vs. deep-water habitats. The ambiguity surrounding mechanisms driving divergence of Lake Trout in Great Bear Lake should be seen as reflective of the highly variable nature of ecological opportunity and divergent natural selection itself.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0193925","usgsCitation":"Chavarie, L., Howland, K.L., Harris, L.N., Hansen, M.J., Harford, W.J., Gallagher, C.P., Baillie, S.M., Malley, B., Tonn, W.M., Muir, A., and Krueger, C., 2018, From top to bottom: Do Lake Trout diversify along a depth gradient in Great Bear Lake, NT, Canada?: PLoS ONE, v. 13, no. 3, p. 1-28, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193925.","productDescription":"e0193925; 28 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"28","ipdsId":"IP-094088","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468876,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193925","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":353850,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"Northwest Territories","otherGeospatial":"Great Bear Lake","volume":"13","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-03-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6ece4b0da30c1bfbf7f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chavarie, Louise","contributorId":156227,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chavarie","given":"Louise","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":734262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Howland, Kimberly L.","contributorId":72682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howland","given":"Kimberly","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harris, Les N.","contributorId":204527,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harris","given":"Les","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":13677,"text":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":734264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hansen, Michael J. 0000-0001-8522-3876 michaelhansen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8522-3876","contributorId":5006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Michael","email":"michaelhansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":734261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harford, William J.","contributorId":71078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harford","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gallagher, Colin P.","contributorId":204529,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gallagher","given":"Colin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":13677,"text":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":734266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Baillie, Shauna M.","contributorId":176176,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baillie","given":"Shauna","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Malley, Brendan","contributorId":204531,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malley","given":"Brendan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13677,"text":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":734268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Tonn, William M.","contributorId":204532,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tonn","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36696,"text":"University of Alberta","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":734269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Muir, Andrew M.","contributorId":103933,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Muir","given":"Andrew M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Krueger, Charles C.","contributorId":73131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krueger","given":"Charles C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70196379,"text":"70196379 - 2018 - Juvenile Chinook Salmon mortality in a Snake River Reservoir: Smallmouth Bass predation revisited","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-04T14:11:06","indexId":"70196379","displayToPublicDate":"2018-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Juvenile Chinook Salmon mortality in a Snake River Reservoir: Smallmouth Bass predation revisited","docAbstract":"<p><span>Predation by nonnative fishes has been identified as a contributing factor in the decline of juvenile salmonids in the Columbia River basin. We examined the diet composition of Smallmouth Bass&nbsp;</span><i>Micropterus dolomieu</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and estimated the consumption and predation loss of juvenile Chinook Salmon<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>in Lower Granite Reservoir on the Snake River. We examined 4,852 Smallmouth Bass stomachs collected from shoreline habitats during April–September 2013–2015. Chinook Salmon were the second most commonly consumed fish by all size‐classes of Smallmouth Bass (≥150&nbsp;mm TL) throughout the study. Over the 3&nbsp;years studied, we estimated that a total of 300,373 Chinook Salmon were consumed by Smallmouth Bass in our 22‐km study area, of which 97% (291,884) were subyearlings (age 0) based on length frequency data. A majority of the loss (61%) occurred during June, which coincided with the timing of hatchery releases of subyearling fall Chinook Salmon. Compared to an earlier study, mean annual predation loss increased more than 15‐fold from 2,670 Chinook Salmon during 1996–1997 to 41,145 Chinook Salmon during 2013–2015 (in reaches that could be compared), despite lower contemporary Smallmouth Bass abundances. This increase can be explained in part by increases in Smallmouth Bass consumption rates, which paralleled increases in subyearling Chinook Salmon densities—an expected functional response by an opportunistic consumer. Smallmouth Bass are currently significant predators of subyearling Chinook Salmon in Lower Granite Reservoir and could potentially be a large source of unexplained mortality.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10026","usgsCitation":"Erhardt, J.M., Tiffan, K.F., and Connor, W.P., 2018, Juvenile Chinook Salmon mortality in a Snake River Reservoir: Smallmouth Bass predation revisited: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 147, no. 2, p. 316-328, https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10026.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"316","endPage":"328","ipdsId":"IP-090925","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353157,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Lower Granite Reservoir, Snake River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.19390869140625,\n              46.322274857040256\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.94225311279295,\n              46.322274857040256\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.94225311279295,\n              46.44684686803493\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.19390869140625,\n              46.44684686803493\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.19390869140625,\n              46.322274857040256\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"147","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-03-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6ede4b0da30c1bfbf97","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erhardt, John M. 0000-0002-5170-285X jerhardt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5170-285X","contributorId":5380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erhardt","given":"John","email":"jerhardt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":732680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tiffan, Kenneth F. 0000-0002-5831-2846 ktiffan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5831-2846","contributorId":3200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiffan","given":"Kenneth","email":"ktiffan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":732679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Connor, William P.","contributorId":107589,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Connor","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":16677,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Idaho Fishery Resource Office, 276 Dworshak Complex Drive, Orofino, ID  83544","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":732681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70198078,"text":"70198078 - 2018 - Monogenetic origin of Ubehebe Crater maar volcano, Death Valley, California: Paleomagnetic and stratigraphic evidence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-13T09:56:43","indexId":"70198078","displayToPublicDate":"2018-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monogenetic origin of Ubehebe Crater maar volcano, Death Valley, California: Paleomagnetic and stratigraphic evidence","docAbstract":"<p id=\"sp0040\"><span>Paleomagnetic data for samples collected from outcrops&nbsp;of basaltic spatter at the Ubehebe Crater cluster, Death Valley National Park, California, record a single direction of&nbsp;remanent magnetization&nbsp;indicating that these materials were emplaced during a short duration, monogenetic eruption sequence ~</span>&nbsp;2100&nbsp;<span>years ago. This conclusion is supported by geochemical data encompassing a narrow range of&nbsp;oxide&nbsp;variation, by detailed stratigraphic studies of conformable phreatomagmatic&nbsp;tephra&nbsp;deposits showing no evidence of erosion between layers, by draping of sharp rimmed craters by later tephra falls, and by oxidation of later tephra layers by the remaining heat of earlier spatter.&nbsp;</span>This model is also supported through a reinterpretation and recalculation of the published<span>&nbsp;</span><span>age results (Sasnett et al., 2012) from an innovative and bold exposure-age study on very young materials. Their conclusion of multiple and protracted eruptions at Ubehebe Crater cluster is here modified through the understanding that some of their quartz-bearing<span>&nbsp;clasts&nbsp;</span>inherited</span><span>&nbsp;from previous exposure on the fan surface (too old), and that other clasts were only exposed at the surface by wind and/or<span>&nbsp;water erosion</span><span>&nbsp;</span>centuries after their eruption (too young).&nbsp;</span>Ubehebe Crater cluster is a well preserved example of young monogenetic<span>&nbsp;maar</span><span><span>&nbsp;</span>type<span>&nbsp;volcanism&nbsp;</span>protected within a National Park, and it represents neither a protracted eruption sequence as previously thought, nor a continuing volcanic hazard near its location.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.12.018","usgsCitation":"Champion, D.E., Cyr, A.J., Fierstein, J., and Hildreth, E., 2018, Monogenetic origin of Ubehebe Crater maar volcano, Death Valley, California: Paleomagnetic and stratigraphic evidence: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 354, p. 67-73, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.12.018.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"73","ipdsId":"IP-091275","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355657,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Death Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.73223876953124,\n              36.75539006003673\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.08404541015625,\n              36.75539006003673\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.08404541015625,\n              37.22048689588553\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.73223876953124,\n              37.22048689588553\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.73223876953124,\n              36.75539006003673\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"354","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc473e4b0f5d57878ea8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Champion, Duane E. 0000-0001-7854-9034 dchamp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7854-9034","contributorId":2912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Champion","given":"Duane","email":"dchamp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cyr, Andrew J. 0000-0003-2293-5395 acyr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2293-5395","contributorId":3539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cyr","given":"Andrew","email":"acyr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fierstein, Judith 0000-0001-8024-1426 jfierstn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8024-1426","contributorId":147000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fierstein","given":"Judith","email":"jfierstn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hildreth, Edward 0000-0002-7925-4251 hildreth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-4251","contributorId":146999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildreth","given":"Edward","email":"hildreth@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70196381,"text":"70196381 - 2018 - Migratory behavior and physiological development as potential determinants of life history diversity in fall Chinook Salmon in the Clearwater River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-04T14:07:21","indexId":"70196381","displayToPublicDate":"2018-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Migratory behavior and physiological development as potential determinants of life history diversity in fall Chinook Salmon in the Clearwater River","docAbstract":"<p><span>We studied the influence of behavior, water velocity, and physiological development on the downstream movement of subyearling fall‐run Chinook Salmon&nbsp;</span><i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>in both free‐flowing and impounded reaches of the Clearwater and Snake rivers as potential mechanisms that might explain life history diversity in this stock. Movement rates and the percentage of radio‐tagged fish that moved faster than the average current velocity were higher in the free‐flowing Clearwater River than in impounded reaches. This supports the notion that water velocity is a primary determinant of downstream movement regardless of a fish's physiological development. In contrast, movement rates slowed and detections became fewer in impounded reaches, where water velocities were much lower. The percentage of fish that moved faster than the average current velocity continued to decline and reached zero in the lowermost reach of Lower Granite Reservoir, suggesting that the behavioral disposition to move downstream was low. These findings contrast with those of a similar, previous study of Snake River subyearlings despite similarity in hydrodynamic conditions between the two studies. Physiological differences between Snake and Clearwater River migrants shed light on this disparity. Subyearlings from the Clearwater River were parr‐like in their development and never showed the increase in gill Na</span><sup>+</sup><span>/K</span><sup>+</sup><span>‐ATPase activity displayed by smolts from the Snake River. Results from this study provide evidence that behavioral and life history differences between Snake and Clearwater River subyearlings may have a physiological basis that is modified by environmental conditions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10035","usgsCitation":"Tiffan, K.F., Kock, T.J., Connor, W.P., Richmond, M.C., and Perkins, W., 2018, Migratory behavior and physiological development as potential determinants of life history diversity in fall Chinook Salmon in the Clearwater River: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 147, no. 2, p. 400-413, https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10035.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"400","endPage":"413","ipdsId":"IP-091661","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353156,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"nited States","state":"Idaho, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Clearwater River, Snake River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.476806640625,\n              46.11322971817248\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.1639404296875,\n              46.11322971817248\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.1639404296875,\n              46.71350244599995\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.476806640625,\n              46.71350244599995\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.476806640625,\n              46.11322971817248\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"147","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-03-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6ede4b0da30c1bfbf95","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tiffan, Kenneth F. 0000-0002-5831-2846 ktiffan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5831-2846","contributorId":3200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiffan","given":"Kenneth","email":"ktiffan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":732684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kock, Tobias J. 0000-0001-8976-0230 tkock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8976-0230","contributorId":3038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kock","given":"Tobias","email":"tkock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":732685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Connor, William P.","contributorId":107589,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Connor","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":16677,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Idaho Fishery Resource Office, 276 Dworshak Complex Drive, Orofino, ID  83544","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":732686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Richmond, Marshall C.","contributorId":203937,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Richmond","given":"Marshall","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36766,"text":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA  99352","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":732687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Perkins, William A.","contributorId":203938,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perkins","given":"William A.","affiliations":[{"id":36766,"text":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA  99352","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":732688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70197440,"text":"70197440 - 2018 - Habitat mosaics and path analysis can improve biological conservation of aquatic biodiversity in ecosystems with low-head dams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-05T10:09:58","indexId":"70197440","displayToPublicDate":"2018-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat mosaics and path analysis can improve biological conservation of aquatic biodiversity in ecosystems with low-head dams","docAbstract":"<p><span>Conserving native biodiversity&nbsp;depends on restoring functional habitats in the face of human-induced disturbances. Low-head dams are a ubiquitous human impact that degrades aquatic ecosystems&nbsp;worldwide. To improve our understanding of how low-head dams impact habitat and associated biodiversity, our research examined complex interactions among three spheres of the total environment. i.e., how low-head dams (</span><i>anthroposphere</i><span>) affect aquatic habitat (</span><span><i>hydrosphere</i></span><span>), and native biodiversity (<i>biosphere</i></span><span><span><span>) in streams and rivers. Creation of lake-like habitats upstream of low-head dams is a well-documented major impact of dams. Alterations downstream of low head dams also have important consequences, but these downstream dam effects are more challenging to detect. In a multidisciplinary field study at five dammed and five undammed sites within the Neosho River basin, KS, we tested hypotheses about two types of habitat sampling (transect and mosaic) and two types of statistical analyses (analysis of covariance and path analysis). We used fish as our example of biodiversity alteration. Our research provided three insights that can aid environmental professionals who seek to conserve and restore fish biodiversity in aquatic ecosystems threatened by human modifications. First, a mosaic approach identified habitat alterations below low-head dams (e.g. increased proportion of riffles) that were not detected using the more commonly-used transect sampling approach. Second, the&nbsp;habitat mosaic<span>&nbsp;</span>approach illustrated how low-head dams reduced natural variation in stream habitat. Third,<span> path analysis,</span></span>&nbsp;a statistical approach that tests indirect effects, showed how dams, habitat, and fish biodiversity interact. Specifically, path analysis revealed that low-head dams increased the proportion of riffle habitat below dams, and, as a result, indirectly increased fish<span> species richness</span></span>. Furthermore, the pool habitat that was created above low-head dams dramatically decreased fish species richness. As we show here, mosaic habitat sampling and path analysis can help conservation practitioners improve science-based management plans for disturbed aquatic systems worldwide.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.272","usgsCitation":"Hitchman, S.M., Mather, M.E., Smith, J.M., and Fencl, J.S., 2018, Habitat mosaics and path analysis can improve biological conservation of aquatic biodiversity in ecosystems with low-head dams: Science of the Total Environment, v. 619-620, p. 221-231, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.272.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"221","endPage":"231","ipdsId":"IP-087904","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354713,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"Neosho River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -97.174072265625,\n              38.19502155795575\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.7568359375,\n              38.19502155795575\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.7568359375,\n              38.7283759182398\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.174072265625,\n              38.7283759182398\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.174072265625,\n              38.19502155795575\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"619-620","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e5a2e4b060350a15d1f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hitchman, Sean M.","contributorId":204805,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hitchman","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mather, Martha E. 0000-0003-3027-0215 mather@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3027-0215","contributorId":2580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mather","given":"Martha","email":"mather@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Joseph M.","contributorId":106712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17855,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":6932,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":737224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fencl, Jane S.","contributorId":166699,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fencl","given":"Jane","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70197082,"text":"70197082 - 2018 - Bat activity following restoration prescribed burning in the central Appalachian Upland and riparian habitats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-16T12:47:32","indexId":"70197082","displayToPublicDate":"2018-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2821,"text":"Natural Areas Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bat activity following restoration prescribed burning in the central Appalachian Upland and riparian habitats","docAbstract":"<p><span>After decades of fire suppression in eastern North America, land managers now are prioritizing prescribed fire as a management tool to restore or maintain fire-adapted vegetation communities. However, in long—fire-suppressed landscapes, such as the central and southern Appalachians, it is unknown how bats will respond to prescribed fire in both riparian and upland forest habitats. To address these concerns, we conducted zero-crossing acoustic surveys of bat activity in burned, unburned, riparian, and non-riparian areas in the central Appalachians, Virginia, USA. Burn and riparian variables had model support (ΔAICc &lt; 4) to explain activity of all bat species. Nonetheless, parameter estimates for these conditions were small and confidence intervals overlapped zero for all species, indicating effect sizes were marginal. Our results suggest that bats respond to fire differently between upland and riparian forest habitats, but overall, large landscape-level prescribed fire has a slightly positive to neutral impact on all bats species identified at our study site post—fire application.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Natural Areas Association","doi":"10.3375/043.038.0208","usgsCitation":"Austin, L.V., Silvis, A., Ford, W., Muthersbaugh, M., and Powers, K.E., 2018, Bat activity following restoration prescribed burning in the central Appalachian Upland and riparian habitats: Natural Areas Journal, v. 38, no. 2, p. 183-195, https://doi.org/10.3375/043.038.0208.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"195","ipdsId":"IP-090018","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468869,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99326","text":"External Repository"},{"id":354216,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","county":"Bath County","otherGeospatial":"George Washington National Forest","volume":"38","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6ebe4b0da30c1bfbf6f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Austin, Lauren V.","contributorId":204944,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Austin","given":"Lauren","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Silvis, Alexander","contributorId":171585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Silvis","given":"Alexander","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":26923,"text":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg, VA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":735520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ford, W. Mark 0000-0002-9611-594X wford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9611-594X","contributorId":172499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"W. Mark","email":"wford@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":735504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Muthersbaugh, Michael","contributorId":204945,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Muthersbaugh","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Powers, Karen E.","contributorId":171456,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Powers","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70196698,"text":"70196698 - 2018 - Reexamining the frequency range of hearing in silver (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead (H. nobilis) carp","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-26T11:00:16","indexId":"70196698","displayToPublicDate":"2018-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Reexamining the frequency range of hearing in silver (<i>Hypophthalmichthys molitrix</i>) and bighead (<i>H. nobilis</i>) carp","title":"Reexamining the frequency range of hearing in silver (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead (H. nobilis) carp","docAbstract":"<p><span>Silver (</span><i>Hypophthalmichthys molitrix</i><span>) and bighead (</span><i>H</i><span>.<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>nobilis</i><span>) carp (collectively bigheaded carp) are invasive fish that threaten aquatic ecosystems in the upper Midwest United States and the Laurentian Great Lakes. Controlling bigheaded carp is a priority of fisheries managers and one area of focus involves developing acoustic deterrents to prevent upstream migration. For an acoustic deterrent to be effective however, the hearing ability of bigheaded carp must be characterized. A previous study showed that bigheaded carp detected sound up to 3 kHz but this range is narrower than what has been reported for other ostariophysans. Therefore, silver and bighead carp frequency detection was evaluated in response to 100 Hz to 9 kHz using auditory evoked potentials (AEPs). AEPs were recorded from 100 Hz to 5 kHz. The lowest thresholds were at 500 Hz for both species (silver carp threshold: 80.6 ± 3.29 dB re 1 μPa SPL</span><sub>rms</sub><span>, bighead carp threshold: 90.5 ± 5.75 dB re 1 μPa SPL</span><sub>rms</sub><span>; mean ± SD). These results provide fisheries managers with better insight on effective acoustic stimuli for deterrent systems, however, to fully determine bigheaded carp hearing abilities, these results need to be compared with behavioral assessments.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0192561","usgsCitation":"Vetter, B.J., Brey, M.K., and Meninger, A.F., 2018, Reexamining the frequency range of hearing in silver (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead (H. nobilis) carp: PLoS ONE, v. 13, no. 3, p. 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192561.","productDescription":"e0192561; 15 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","ipdsId":"IP-089923","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468875,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192561","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437974,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7M61JH0","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Reexamining silver (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead (H. nobilis) carp hearing: Data"},{"id":353725,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-03-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6ece4b0da30c1bfbf87","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vetter, Brooke J.","contributorId":189377,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vetter","given":"Brooke","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brey, Marybeth K. 0000-0003-4403-9655 mbrey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4403-9655","contributorId":187651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brey","given":"Marybeth","email":"mbrey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":734018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meninger, Allen F. 0000-0002-9850-798X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9850-798X","contributorId":204458,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meninger","given":"Allen","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":18006,"text":"University of Minnesota Duluth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":734020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70196780,"text":"70196780 - 2018 - Multiple drivers, scales, and interactions influence southern Appalachian stream salamander occupancy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-01T10:56:00","indexId":"70196780","displayToPublicDate":"2018-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multiple drivers, scales, and interactions influence southern Appalachian stream salamander occupancy","docAbstract":"<p><span>Understanding how factors that vary in spatial scale relate to population abundance is vital to forecasting species responses to environmental change. Stream and river ecosystems are inherently hierarchical, potentially resulting in organismal responses to fine‐scale changes in patch characteristics that are conditional on the watershed context. Here, we address how populations of two salamander species are affected by interactions among hierarchical processes operating at different scales within a rapidly changing landscape of the southern Appalachian Mountains. We modeled reach‐level occupancy of larval and adult black‐bellied salamanders (</span><i>Desmognathus quadramaculatus</i><span>) and larval Blue Ridge two‐lined salamanders (</span><i>Eurycea wilderae</i><span>) as a function of 17 different terrestrial and aquatic predictor variables that varied in spatial extent. We found that salamander occurrence varied widely among streams within fully forested catchments, but also exhibited species‐specific responses to changes in local conditions. While<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>D. quadramaculatus</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>declined predictably in relation to losses in forest cover, larval occupancy exhibited the strongest negative response to forest loss as well as decreases in elevation. Conversely, occupancy of<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>E. wilderae</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>was unassociated with watershed conditions, only responding negatively to higher proportions of fast‐flowing stream habitat types. Evaluation of hierarchical relationships demonstrated that most fine‐scale variables were closely correlated with broad watershed‐scale variables, suggesting that local reach‐scale factors have relatively smaller effects within the context of the larger landscape. Our results imply that effective management of southern Appalachian stream salamanders must first focus on the larger scale condition of watersheds before management of local‐scale conditions should proceed. Our findings confirm the results of some studies while refuting the results of others, which may indicate that prescriptive recommendations for range‐wide management of species or the application of a single management focus across large geographic areas is inappropriate.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2150","usgsCitation":"Cecala, K.K., Maerz, J.C., Halstead, B., Frisch, J.R., Gragson, T.L., Hepinstall-Cymerman, J., Leigh, D.S., Jackson, C.R., Peterson, J., and Pringle, C.M., 2018, Multiple drivers, scales, and interactions influence southern Appalachian stream salamander occupancy: Ecosphere, v. 9, no. 3, p. 1-19, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2150.","productDescription":"e02150; 19 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"19","ipdsId":"IP-069181","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468871,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2150","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":353865,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia, North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Upper Little Tennessee River watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.59222412109375,\n              34.88705743313571\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.10745239257812,\n              34.88705743313571\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.10745239257812,\n              35.3308118573182\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.59222412109375,\n              35.3308118573182\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.59222412109375,\n              34.88705743313571\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-03-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6ece4b0da30c1bfbf7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cecala, Kristen K.","contributorId":171762,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cecala","given":"Kristen","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maerz, John C.","contributorId":171763,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maerz","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Halstead, Brian J. 0000-0002-5535-6528 bhalstead@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5535-6528","contributorId":3051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halstead","given":"Brian J.","email":"bhalstead@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":734347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Frisch, John R.","contributorId":171761,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frisch","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gragson, Ted L.","contributorId":171764,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gragson","given":"Ted","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hepinstall-Cymerman, Jeffrey","contributorId":51998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hepinstall-Cymerman","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Leigh, David S.","contributorId":204561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leigh","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jackson, C. Rhett","contributorId":119155,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jackson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Rhett","affiliations":[{"id":13267,"text":"Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":734356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Peterson, James T. 0000-0002-7709-8590 james_peterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8590","contributorId":2111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"James","email":"james_peterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":734346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Pringle, Catherine M.","contributorId":176292,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pringle","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70196716,"text":"70196716 - 2018 - Developing a shared understanding of the Upper Mississippi River: the foundation of an ecological resilience assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-26T16:11:29","indexId":"70196716","displayToPublicDate":"2018-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1468,"text":"Ecology and Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Developing a shared understanding of the Upper Mississippi River: the foundation of an ecological resilience assessment","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Upper Mississippi River System (UMRS) is a large and complex floodplain river ecosystem that spans the jurisdictions of multiple state and federal agencies. In support of ongoing ecosystem restoration and management by this broad partnership, we are undertaking a resilience assessment of the UMRS. We describe the UMRS in the context of an ecological resilience assessment. Our description articulates the temporal and spatial extent of our assessment of the UMRS, the relevant historical context, the valued services provided by the system, and the fundamental controlling variables that determine its structure and function. An important objective of developing the system description was to determine the simplest, adequate conceptual understanding of the UMRS. We conceptualize a simplified UMRS as three interconnected subsystems: lotic channels, lentic off-channel areas, and floodplains. By identifying controlling variables within each subsystem, we have developed a shared understanding of the basic structure and function of the UMRS, which will serve as the basis for ongoing quantitative evaluations of factors that likely contribute to the resilience of the UMRS. As we undertake the subsequent elements of a resilience assessment, we anticipate our improved understanding of interactions, feedbacks, and critical thresholds will assist natural resource managers to better recognize the system’s ability to adapt to existing and new stresses.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"E&S","doi":"10.5751/ES-10014-230206","usgsCitation":"Bouska, K.L., Houser, J.N., De Jager, N.R., and Hendrickson, J.S., 2018, Developing a shared understanding of the Upper Mississippi River: the foundation of an ecological resilience assessment: Ecology and Society, v. 23, no. 2, p. 1-6, https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-10014-230206.","productDescription":"Article 6; 19 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"6","ipdsId":"IP-080369","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":460977,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5751/es-10014-230206","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":353751,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6ece4b0da30c1bfbf85","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bouska, Kristen L. 0000-0002-4115-2313 kbouska@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4115-2313","contributorId":178005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bouska","given":"Kristen","email":"kbouska@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":734111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Houser, Jeffrey N. 0000-0003-3295-3132 jhouser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3295-3132","contributorId":2769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houser","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jhouser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":734112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"De Jager, Nathan R. 0000-0002-6649-4125","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6649-4125","contributorId":104616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Jager","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":734113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hendrickson, Jon S.","contributorId":177520,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hendrickson","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":734114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70229333,"text":"70229333 - 2018 - A multistate open robust design: population dynamics, reproductive effort, and phenology of sea turtles from tagging data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-03T23:44:02.137553","indexId":"70229333","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-31T17:32:47","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1459,"text":"Ecological Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A multistate open robust design: population dynamics, reproductive effort, and phenology of sea turtles from tagging data","docAbstract":"Understanding population dynamics, and how it is influenced by exogenous and endogenous factors, is important to the study and conservation of species. Moreover, for migratory species, the phenology and duration of use of a given location can also influence population structure and dynamics. For many species, breeding abundance, survival, and reproductive performance, as well as phenology of nesting, are often the most accessible, and therefore practical, elements of their life history to study.  For a population of hawksbill sea turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata), we modeled population change for nesters and total adult females, survival, and breeding probability, from 25 years of intensive tagging data. We modeled breeding probability as a function of the number of years since last breeding, and tested for differences between neophyte and experienced nesters. For each year, we also estimated the number of clutches deposited per female, and phenology of use, for neophytes and experienced nesters. In order to implement the analysis we developed a novel generalized multistate open robust design mark-recapture modeling framework, with parameters for survival and transition probabilities, and for each primary period, state structure and arrival, persistence, and detection probabilities. Derived parameters included abundance of observable and unobservable components of the population, residence time, expected arrival and departure periods, and per-period intensity of study area use.  Abundance of nesters increased over most of the time series. Survival probability was 0.935 (se = 0.01). All hawksbills skipped at least one year of nesting. Breeding probability increased by skipping a second year, but then decreased thereafter. Subsequent breeding probability was lower for neophyte nesters than for experienced nesters, but the effect was weaker than the effect of years since breeding. Clutch frequency varied by year, with no discernable pattern of differences between neophytes and experienced nesters. Mean arrival and departure dates also varied, with a slight shift of nesting activity to earlier in the season. The multistate open robust design model developed here provides a flexible framework for modeling the dynamics of structured migratory populations, and the phenology and duration of their seasonal use of study areas.","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecm.1329","usgsCitation":"Kendall, W.L., Stapleton, S., White, G., Richardson, J.I., Pearson, K., and Mason, P., 2018, A multistate open robust design: population dynamics, reproductive effort, and phenology of sea turtles from tagging data: Ecological Monographs, v. 89, no. 1, e01329, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1329.","productDescription":"e01329, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-092105","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":396735,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Antigua","otherGeospatial":"Caribbean,  Jumby Bay  Leeward Islands, Long Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -61.7677116394043,\n              17.148171901233166\n            ],\n            [\n              -61.74179077148437,\n              17.148171901233166\n            ],\n            [\n              -61.74179077148437,\n              17.163918137304176\n            ],\n            [\n              -61.7677116394043,\n              17.163918137304176\n            ],\n            [\n              -61.7677116394043,\n              17.148171901233166\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"89","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kendall, William L. 0000-0003-0084-9891","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0084-9891","contributorId":204844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":837068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stapleton, Seth","contributorId":287796,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stapleton","given":"Seth","affiliations":[{"id":54555,"text":"umn","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, Gary C.","contributorId":287795,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Gary C.","affiliations":[{"id":13606,"text":"CSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Richardson, James I.","contributorId":287794,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Richardson","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":54555,"text":"umn","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pearson, Kristen N.","contributorId":287793,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pearson","given":"Kristen N.","affiliations":[{"id":13606,"text":"CSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mason, Peri","contributorId":287792,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mason","given":"Peri","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":32856,"text":"Queens College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70196368,"text":"70196368 - 2018 - Size, growth, and size‐selective mortality of subyearling Chinook Salmon during early marine residence in Puget Sound","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-04T10:57:07","indexId":"70196368","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Size, growth, and size‐selective mortality of subyearling Chinook Salmon during early marine residence in Puget Sound","docAbstract":"<p><span>In marine ecosystems, survival can be heavily influenced by size‐selective mortality during juvenile life stages. Understanding how and when size‐selective mortality operates on a population can reveal underlying growth dynamics and size‐selective ecological processes affecting the population and thus can be used to guide conservation efforts. For subyearling Chinook Salmon&nbsp;</span><i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>in Puget Sound, previous research reported a strong positive relationship between marine survival and body mass during midsummer in epipelagic habitats within Puget Sound, suggesting that early marine growth drives survival. However, a fine‐scale analysis of size‐selective mortality is needed to identify specific critical growth periods and habitats. The objectives of this study were to (1) describe occupancy patterns across estuarine delta, nearshore marine, and offshore epipelagic habitats in Puget Sound; (2) describe changes in FL and weight observed across habitats and time; (3) evaluate evidence for size‐selective mortality; and (4) illustrate how marine survival of the stocks studied may be affected by variation in July weight. In 2014 and 2015, we sampled FLs, weights, and scales from seven hatchery‐origin and two natural‐origin stocks of subyearling Chinook Salmon captured every 2&nbsp;weeks during out‐migration and rearing in estuary, nearshore, and offshore habitats within Puget Sound. Natural‐origin stocks had more protracted habitat occupancy patterns than hatchery‐origin stocks and were smaller than hatchery‐origin stocks in both years. Regardless of origin, subyearlings were longer and heavier and grew faster in offshore habitats compared to estuary and nearshore habitats. For all stocks, we found little evidence of size‐selective mortality among habitats in Puget Sound. These patterns were consistent in both years. Finally, the weights of subyearlings sampled during July in the offshore habitat predicted Puget Sound‐wide marine survival rates of 0.4% for 2014 and 2.0% for 2015, with stock‐specific predictions ranging from 0.18% to 11.70%.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10032","usgsCitation":"Gamble, M.M., Connelly, K.A., Gardner, J.R., Chamberlin, J.W., Warheit, K.I., and Beauchamp, D.A., 2018, Size, growth, and size‐selective mortality of subyearling Chinook Salmon during early marine residence in Puget Sound: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 147, no. 2, p. 370-289, https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10032.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"370","endPage":"289","ipdsId":"IP-080203","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353136,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Puget Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.61267089843751,\n              46.856434763486966\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.025390625,\n              46.856434763486966\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.025390625,\n              49.01625665778159\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.61267089843751,\n              49.01625665778159\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.61267089843751,\n              46.856434763486966\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"147","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-03-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6f4e4b0da30c1bfbf99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gamble, Madilyn M.","contributorId":203908,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gamble","given":"Madilyn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36751,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, University of Washington, Box 355020, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":732629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Connelly, Kristin A.","contributorId":174523,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Connelly","given":"Kristin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":732630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gardner, Jennifer R.","contributorId":175505,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gardner","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":732631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chamberlin, Joshua W.","contributorId":203910,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chamberlin","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":36753,"text":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - Fisheries, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":732633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Warheit, Kenneth I.","contributorId":202110,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Warheit","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":36349,"text":"Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Fish Program, 600 Capitol Way N., Olympia, WA 98501","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":732634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Beauchamp, David A. 0000-0002-3592-8381 fadave@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3592-8381","contributorId":4205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beauchamp","given":"David","email":"fadave@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":732628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70196047,"text":"ofr20181038 - 2018 - Factors affecting long-term trends in surface-water quality in the Gwynns Falls watershed, Baltimore City and County, Maryland, 1998–2016","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-30T16:32:53","indexId":"ofr20181038","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-30T16:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-1038","title":"Factors affecting long-term trends in surface-water quality in the Gwynns Falls watershed, Baltimore City and County, Maryland, 1998–2016","docAbstract":"<p>Factors affecting water-quality trends in urban streams are not well understood, despite current regulatory requirements and considerable ongoing investments in gray and green infrastructure. To address this gap, long-term water-quality trends and factors affecting these trends were examined in the Gwynns Falls, Maryland, watershed during 1998–2016 in cooperation with Blue Water Baltimore. Data on water-quality constituents and potential factors of influence were obtained from multiple sources and compiled for analysis, with a focus on data collected as part of the National Science Foundation funded Long-Term Ecological Research project, the Baltimore Ecosystem Study.</p><p>Variability in climate (specifically, precipitation) and land cover can overwhelm actions taken to improve water quality and can present challenges for meeting regulatory goals. Analysis of land cover during 2001–11 in the Gwynns Falls watershed indicated minimal change during the study time frame; therefore, land-cover change is likely not a factor affecting trends in water quality. However, a modest increase in annual precipitation and a significant increase in winter precipitation were apparent in the region. A higher proportion of runoff producing storms was observed in the winter and a lower proportion in the summer, indicating that climate change may affect water quality in the watershed. The increase in precipitation was not reflected in annual or seasonal trends of streamflow in the watershed. Nonetheless, these precipitation changes may exacerbate the inflow and infiltration of water to gray infrastructure and reduce the effectiveness of green infrastructure. For streamflow and most water-quality constituents examined, no discernable trends were noted over the timeframe examined. Despite the increases in precipitation, no trends were observed for annual or seasonal discharge at the various sites within the study area. In some locations, nitrate, phosphate, and total nitrogen show downward trends, and total phosphorus and chloride show upward trends.</p><p>Sanitary sewer overflows (gray infrastructure) and best management practices (green infrastructure) were identified as factors affecting water-quality change. The duration of sanitary sewer overflows was positively correlated with annual loads of nutrients and bacteria, and the drainage area of best management practices was negatively correlated with annual loads of phosphate and sulfate. Results of the study indicate that continued investments in gray and green infrastructure are necessary for urban water-quality improvement. Although this outcome is not unexpected, long-term datasets such as the one used in this study, allow the effects of gray and green infrastructures to be quantified.</p><p>Results of this study have implications for the Gwynns Falls watershed and its residents and Baltimore City and County managers. Moreover, outcomes are relevant to other watersheds in the metropolitan region that do not have the same long-term dataset. Further, this study has established a framework for ongoing statistical analysis of primary factors affecting urban water-quality trends as regulatory programs mature.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181038","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Blue Water Baltimore","usgsCitation":"Majcher, E.H., Woytowitz, E.L., Reisinger, A.J., and Groffman, P.M., 2018, Factors affecting long-term trends in surface-water quality in the Gwynns Falls watershed, Baltimore City and County, Maryland, 1998–2016: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1038, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181038.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 27 p.; Data release","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-094705","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352999,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1038/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":353000,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1038/ofr20181038.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1038"},{"id":353001,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F76T0KTJ","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Nutrient, bacteria, ammonia, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, & total suspended solids annual loads; green & gray infrastructure; land cover change; & climate data in the Gwynns Falls subwatersheds, Baltimore, Maryland, 1998-2016 "}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","county":"Baltimore County","city":"Baltimore","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.8833,\n              39.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.5,\n              39.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.5,\n              39.1667\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.8833,\n              39.1667\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.8833,\n              39.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:dc_md@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:dc_md@usgs.gov\">Director, </a><a href=\"http://md.water.usgs.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"http://md.water.usgs.gov/\">MD-DE-DC Water Science Center</a><br> U.S. Geological Survey<br> 5522 Research Park Drive<br> Baltimore, MD 21228</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Acknowledgments</li><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Why the Gwynns Falls Watershed?</li><li>Is the Water Quality of the Gwynns Falls Watershed Changing?</li><li>What Factors are Affecting Water-Quality Trends in the Gwynns Falls?</li><li>Conclusions</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"publishedDate":"2018-03-30","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-03-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6f4e4b0da30c1bfbf9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Majcher, Emily H. 0000-0001-7144-6809","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7144-6809","contributorId":203335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Majcher","given":"Emily","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia  Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woytowitz, Ellen L. 0000-0001-9880-8160","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9880-8160","contributorId":203336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woytowitz","given":"Ellen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reisinger, Alexander J. 0000-0003-4096-2637","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4096-2637","contributorId":203337,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reisinger","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36601,"text":"Soil and Water Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Groffman, Peter M. 0000-0001-8371-6255","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8371-6255","contributorId":203338,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Groffman","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36602,"text":"City University of New York, Advanced Science Research Center and Brooklyn College, Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, New York, NY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70227972,"text":"70227972 - 2018 - Explicitly reporting tests of hypotheses improves communication of science","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-03T22:04:51.572501","indexId":"70227972","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-30T14:38:49","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Explicitly reporting tests of hypotheses improves communication of science","docAbstract":"<p><span dir=\"ltr\">Hypothesis testing is fundamental to producing the</span><span dir=\"ltr\">rigorous biological inferences needed to reliably inform </span><span dir=\"ltr\">wildlife managemen</span></p>","language":"English","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21461","usgsCitation":"Mitchell, M.S., Sells, S.N., Bassing, S.B., Barker, K.J., Keever, A., Forshee, S.C., and Goerz, J.W., 2018, Explicitly reporting tests of hypotheses improves communication of science: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 82, no. 4, p. 671-673, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21461.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"671","endPage":"673","ipdsId":"IP-096082","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468877,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21461","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395416,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-03-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mitchell, Michael S. 0000-0002-0773-6905 mmitchel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-6905","contributorId":3716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Michael","email":"mmitchel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":832838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sells, Sarah N.","contributorId":171706,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sells","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bassing, Sarah B.","contributorId":198688,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bassing","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barker, Kristin J.","contributorId":204755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barker","given":"Kristin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Keever, Allison","contributorId":187743,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keever","given":"Allison","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Forshee, Shannon C.","contributorId":204756,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Forshee","given":"Shannon","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Goerz, James W.","contributorId":204757,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goerz","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70211906,"text":"70211906 - 2018 - Proximate composition, lipid utilization and validation of a non‐lethal method to determine lipid content in migrating American shad Alosa sapidissima","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-11T19:01:50.454924","indexId":"70211906","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-30T13:55:33","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2285,"text":"Journal of Fish Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Proximate composition, lipid utilization and validation of a non‐lethal method to determine lipid content in migrating American shad <i>Alosa sapidissima</i>","title":"Proximate composition, lipid utilization and validation of a non‐lethal method to determine lipid content in migrating American shad Alosa sapidissima","docAbstract":"<p><span>Lipid content forms the most important energy reserve in anadromous fish and can limit survival, migration and reproductive success. A fat meter was evaluated and compared with a traditional extractive method of measuring available lipid for migrating American shad&nbsp;</span><i>Alosa sapidissima<span>&nbsp;</span></i><span>in the Connecticut River, U.S.A. The fat meter gives rapid (&lt;10 s) and non‐lethal lipid measurements, whereas traditional methods require lethal sampling that is both time consuming and expensive. The fat‐meter readings had a strong relationship to traditional lipid extractions for 60 fish, 30 whole body (</span><i>R<span>&nbsp;</span></i><sup>2</sup><span> = 0·72) and 30 fillet only (</span><i>R<span>&nbsp;</span></i><sup>2</sup><span> = 0·81). Additional validation showed that fat‐meter readings captured the gradual decrease of lipid in individual fish over time, were not affected by removal of gonads or scales and were stable for fish exposed to water or air for 24 h after death. These experiments indicate that the fat meter can be used as a reliable tool for future&nbsp;</span><i>A. sapidissima<span>&nbsp;</span></i><span>energetic studies, allowing for larger sample sizes and non‐lethal sampling.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jfb.13624","usgsCitation":"Bayse, S.M., Regish, A.M., and McCormick, S.D., 2018, Proximate composition, lipid utilization and validation of a non‐lethal method to determine lipid content in migrating American shad Alosa sapidissima: Journal of Fish Biology, v. 92, no. 6, p. 1832-1848, https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.13624.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1832","endPage":"1848","ipdsId":"IP-090293","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":377368,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont","city":"Holyoke, Old 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,{"id":70196146,"text":"sir20185047 - 2018 - One-meter topobathymetric digital elevation model for Majuro Atoll, Republic of the Marshall Islands, 1944 to 2016","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-22T16:49:51.433887","indexId":"sir20185047","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-30T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-5047","title":"One-meter topobathymetric digital elevation model for Majuro Atoll, Republic of the Marshall Islands, 1944 to 2016","docAbstract":"<p>Atoll and island coastal communities are highly exposed to sea-level rise, tsunamis, storm surges, rogue waves, king tides, and the occasional combination of multiple factors, such as high regional sea levels, extreme high local tides, and unusually strong wave set-up. The elevation of most of these atolls averages just under 3 meters (m), with many areas roughly at sea level. The lack of high-resolution topographic data has been identified as a critical data gap for hazard vulnerability and adaptation efforts and for high-resolution inundation modeling for atoll nations. Modern topographic survey equipment and airborne lidar surveys can be very difficult and costly to deploy. Therefore, unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) were investigated for collecting overlapping imagery to generate topographic digital elevation models (DEMs). Medium- and high-resolution satellite imagery (Landsat 8 and WorldView-3) was investigated to derive nearshore bathymetry.</p><p>The Republic of the Marshall Islands is associated with the United States through a Compact of Free Association, and Majuro Atoll is home to the capital city of Majuro and the largest population of the Republic of the Marshall Islands. The only elevation datasets currently available for the entire Majuro Atoll are the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission and the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Global Digital Elevation Model Version 2 elevation data, which have a 30-m grid-cell spacing and a 8-m vertical root mean square error (RMSE). Both these datasets have inadequate spatial resolution and vertical accuracy for inundation modeling.</p><p>The final topobathymetric DEM (TBDEM) developed for Majuro Atoll is derived from various data sources including charts, soundings, acoustic sonar, and UAS and satellite imagery spanning over 70 years of data collection (1944 to 2016) on different sections of the atoll. The RMSE of the TBDEM over the land area is 0.197 m using over 70,000 Global Navigation Satellite System real-time kinematic survey points for validation, and 1.066 m for Landsat 8 and 1.112 m for WorldView-3 derived bathymetry using over 16,000 and 9,000 lidar bathymetry points, respectively.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20185047","usgsCitation":"Palaseanu-Lovejoy, M., Poppenga, S.K., Danielson, J.J., Tyler, D.J., Gesch, D.B., Kottermair, M., Jalandoni, A., Carlson, E., Thatcher, C.A., and Barbee, M.M., 2018, One-meter topobathymetric digital elevation model for Majuro Atoll, Republic of the Marshall Islands, 1944 to 2016: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018–5047, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185047.","productDescription":"vii, 16 p.","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-090429","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352868,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5047/sir20185047.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.59 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2018-5047"},{"id":352867,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5047/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"Republic of the Marshall Islands","otherGeospatial":"Majuro Atoll","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              170.96923828125,\n              7.009578865370235\n            ],\n            [\n              171.42654418945312,\n              7.009578865370235\n            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,{"id":70194381,"text":"sir20175146 - 2018 - Overview of the geologic effects of the November 14, 2016, Mw 7.8 Kaikoura, New Zealand, earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-30T11:40:14","indexId":"sir20175146","displayToPublicDate":"2018-03-30T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5146","displayTitle":"Overview of the geologic effects of the November 14, 2016, M<sub>w</sub> 7.8 Kaikoura, New Zealand, earthquake","title":"Overview of the geologic effects of the November 14, 2016, Mw 7.8 Kaikoura, New Zealand, earthquake","docAbstract":"<p>The November 14, 2016, Kaikoura, New Zealand, earthquake (moment magnitude [Mw] 7.8) triggered more than 10,000 landslides over an area of about 12,000 square kilometers in the northeastern part of the South Island of New Zealand. In collaboration with GNS Science (the Institute of Geological and Nuclear Science Limited), we conducted ground and helicopter reconnaissance of the affected areas and assisted in rapid hazard evaluation. The majority of the triggered landslides were shallow- to moderate-depth (1–10 meters), highly disrupted falls and slides in rock and debris from Lower Cretaceous graywacke sandstone in the Seaward Kaikoura Range. Deeper, more coherent landslides in weak Upper Cretaceous to Neogene sedimentary rock also were numerous in the gentler topography south and inland (west) of the Seaward Kaikoura Range. The principal ground-failure hazards from the earthquake were the hundreds of valley-blocking landslides, many of which impounded lakes and ponds that posed potential downstream flooding hazards. Both large and small landslides also blocked road and rail corridors in many locations, including the main north-south highway (State Highway 1), which was still closed in October 2017. As part of our investigation, we compared post-earthquake field observations to the output of models used to estimate near-real-time landslide probabilities following earthquakes. The models generally over-predicted landslide occurrence and thus need further refinement.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175146","usgsCitation":"Jibson, R.W., Allstadt, K.E., Rengers, F.K., and Godt, J.W., 2018, Overview of the geologic effects of the November 14, 2016, M<sub>w</sub> 7.8 Kaikoura, New Zealand, earthquake: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5146, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175146.","productDescription":"vii, 39 p.","numberOfPages":"52","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-089881","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352924,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5146/sir20175146.pdf","text":"Report","size":"13.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017–5146"},{"id":352923,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5146/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"New Zealand","city":"Kaikoura","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              172.5677490234375,\n              -43.03276068583201\n            ],\n            [\n              174.39697265625,\n              -43.03276068583201\n            ],\n            [\n              174.39697265625,\n              -41.53325414281323\n            ],\n            [\n              172.5677490234375,\n              -41.53325414281323\n            ],\n            [\n              172.5677490234375,\n              -43.03276068583201\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p>Director, <a href=\"https://geohazards.cr.usgs.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"https://geohazards.cr.usgs.gov/\">Geologic Hazards Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>Box 25046, MS 966<br>Denver, CO 80225</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Acknowledgments</li><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>The 2016 Kaikoura, New Zealand, Earthquake</li><li>Overview of Geologic Effects of the Kaikoura Earthquake</li><li>Effects on People and Infrastructure</li><li>Comparison of Observed and Modeled Landslide Distribution</li><li>Summary and Conclusions</li><li>References Cited</li><li>Appendix. Field Reconnaissance Observations</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"publishedDate":"2018-03-30","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-03-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee6f4e4b0da30c1bfbf9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jibson, Randall W. 0000-0003-3399-0875 jibson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3399-0875","contributorId":2985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jibson","given":"Randall","email":"jibson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allstadt, Kate E. 0000-0003-4977-5248 kallstadt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4977-5248","contributorId":167684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allstadt","given":"Kate","email":"kallstadt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":723633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rengers, Francis K. 0000-0002-1825-0943 frengers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1825-0943","contributorId":150422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rengers","given":"Francis","email":"frengers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Godt, Jonathan W. 0000-0002-8737-2493 jgodt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8737-2493","contributorId":1166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godt","given":"Jonathan","email":"jgodt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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