Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) are traditionally acquired from a stereo pair of aerial photographs sequentially captured by an airborne metric camera. Standard DEM extraction techniques can be naturally extended to satellite imagery, but the particular characteristics of satellite imaging can cause difficulties. The spacecraft ephemeris with respect to the ground site during image collects is the most important factor in the elevation extraction process. When the angle of separation between the stereo images is small, the extraction process typically produces measurements with low accuracy, while a large angle of separation can cause an excessive number of erroneous points in the DEM from occlusion of ground areas.
The use of three or more images registered to the same ground area can potentially reduce these problems and improve the accuracy of the extracted DEM. The pointing capability of some sensors, such as the Multispectral Thermal Imager (MTI), allows for multiple collects of the same area from different perspectives. This functionality of MTI makes it a good candidate for the implementation of a DEM extraction algorithm using multiple images for improved accuracy. Evaluation of this capability and development of algorithms to geometrically model the MTI sensor and extract DEMs from multi-look MTI imagery are described in this paper. An RMS elevation error of 6.3-meters is achieved using 11 ground test points, while the MTI band has a 5-meter ground sample distance.
When simulating natural and engineered groundwater flow and transport systems, one objective is to produce a model that accurately represents important aspects of the true system. However, using direct measurements of system characteristics, such as hydraulic conductivity, to construct a model often produces simulated values that poorly match observations of the system state, such as hydraulic heads, flows and concentrations (for example, Barth et al., 2001). This occurs because of inaccuracies in the direct measurements and because the measurements commonly characterize system properties at different scales from that of the model aspect to which they are applied. In these circumstances, the conservation of mass equations represented by flow and transport models can be used to test the applicability of the direct measurements, such as by comparing model simulated values to the system state observations. This comparison leads to calibrating the model, by adjusting the model construction and the system properties as represented by model parameter values, so that the model produces simulated values that reasonably match the observations.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Groundwater: Resource Evaluation, Augmentation, Contamination, Restoration, Modeling and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English ","publisher":"Springer Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4020-5729-8_9","usgsCitation":"Tiedeman, C.R., and Hill, M.C., 2007, Model calibration and issues related to validation, sensitivity analysis, post-audit, uncertainty evaluation and assessment of prediction data needs, chap. of Groundwater: Resource Evaluation, Augmentation, Contamination, Restoration, Modeling and Management, p. 237-282, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5729-8_9.","productDescription":"46 p. ","startPage":"237","endPage":"282","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343284,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595ca915e4b0d1f9f054ca18","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tiedeman, Claire R. 0000-0002-0128-3685 tiedeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0128-3685","contributorId":196777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiedeman","given":"Claire","email":"tiedeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, Mary C. mchill@usgs.gov","contributorId":974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Mary","email":"mchill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":79602,"text":"ds241 - 2007 - 3D Visualization of Earthquake Focal Mechanisms Using ArcScene","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T16:44:29","indexId":"ds241","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"241","title":"3D Visualization of Earthquake Focal Mechanisms Using ArcScene","docAbstract":"We created a new tool, 3D Focal Mechanisms (3DFM), for viewing earthquake focal mechanism symbols three dimensionally. This tool operates within the Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI®) GIS software ArcScene® 9.x. The program requires as input a GIS point dataset of earthquake locations containing strike, dip, and rake values for a nodal plane of each earthquake. Other information, such as depth and magnitude of the earthquake, may also be included in the dataset. By default for each focal point, 3DFM will create a black and white sphere or “beach ball” that is oriented based on the strike, dip, and rake values. If depth values for each earthquake are included, the focal symbol will also be placed at its appropriate location beneath the Earth's surface.
\nIn addition to the default settings, there are several other options in 3DFM that can be adjusted. The appearance of the symbols can be changed by (1) creating rings around the fault planes that are colored based on magnitude, (2) showing only the fault planes instead of a sphere, (3) drawing a flat disc that identifies the primary nodal plane, (4) or by displaying the null, pressure, and tension axes. The size of the symbols can be changed by adjusting their diameter, scaling them based on the magnitude of the earthquake, or scaling them by the estimated size of the rupture patch based on earthquake magnitude. It is also possible to filter the data using any combination of the strike, dip, rake, magnitude, depth, null axis plunge, pressure axis plunge, tension axis plunge, or fault type values of the points. For a large dataset, these filters can be used to create different subsets of symbols. Symbols created by 3DFM are stored in graphics layers that appear in the ArcScene® table of contents. Multiple graphics layers can be created and saved to preserve the output from different symbol options.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds241","usgsCitation":"Labay, K., and Haeussler, P.J., 2007, 3D Visualization of Earthquake Focal Mechanisms Using ArcScene (Version 1.1 (Revised Apr 2007)): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 241, Report: 17 p.; 3DFM files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds241.","productDescription":"Report: 17 p.; 3DFM files","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195475,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9224,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2007/241/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.1 (Revised Apr 2007)","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd492de4b0b290850eef1c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Labay, Keith A. 0000-0002-6763-3190 klabay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6763-3190","contributorId":2097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Labay","given":"Keith A.","email":"klabay@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":290339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":79603,"text":"ofr20071023 - 2007 - Summary of Survival Data from Juvenile Coho Salmon in the Klamath River, Northern California, 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:20","indexId":"ofr20071023","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1023","title":"Summary of Survival Data from Juvenile Coho Salmon in the Klamath River, Northern California, 2006","docAbstract":"Little is known about the survival of ESA-listed juvenile coho salmon during their seaward migration in the lower Klamath River. In 2006, the Bureau of Reclamation funded a study to estimate the survival of radio-tagged juvenile coho salmon in the Klamath River downstream of Iron Gate Dam. A series of models were evaluated to determine if survival varied between hatchery and wild fish and among several river reaches between the dam river kilometer 33, a total distance of 276 kilometers. The results from 2006, the first year of study, indicated little support for differences in survival between hatchery and wild fish and lower survival in the most upstream reach than in those farther downstream. This document is a brief summary of survival results to date.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071023","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Beeman, J.W., 2007, Summary of Survival Data from Juvenile Coho Salmon in the Klamath River, Northern California, 2006: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1023, iv, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071023.","productDescription":"iv, 6 p.","numberOfPages":"10","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194644,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9225,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1023/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db6983d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeman, John W. jbeeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"John","email":"jbeeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":79601,"text":"fs20073006 - 2007 - Regional Water-Resources Studies in Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:24","indexId":"fs20073006","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-3006","title":"Regional Water-Resources Studies in Nevada","docAbstract":"Introduction: Water-resources information for the State of Nevada should be readily accessible to community planners and the general public in a user-friendly web environment and should be actively managed and maintained with accurate historic and current hydrologic data. The USGS, in cooperation with State of Nevada and local government agencies, has established a data framework that provides critical hydrologic information to meet the challenges of water resources planning for Nevada.\r\n\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs20073006","usgsCitation":"Bauer, E.M., and Watermolen, S.C., 2007, Regional Water-Resources Studies in Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2007-3006, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20073006.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121350,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2007_3006.jpg"},{"id":9222,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2007/3006/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629c7f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bauer, Eva M.","contributorId":60737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauer","given":"Eva","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Watermolen, Shannon C. scwaterm@usgs.gov","contributorId":3239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watermolen","given":"Shannon","email":"scwaterm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":290336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70074354,"text":"ofr20071047SRP023 - 2007 - Zircon U-Pb Ages from an Ultra-High Temperature Metapelite, Rauer Group, East Antarctica: Implications for Overprints by Grenvillian and Pan-African Events","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-29T12:53:57","indexId":"ofr20071047SRP023","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-29T12:16:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1047-SRP-023","title":"Zircon U-Pb Ages from an Ultra-High Temperature Metapelite, Rauer Group, East Antarctica: Implications for Overprints by Grenvillian and Pan-African Events","docAbstract":"SHRIMP U-Pb dating of zircon from an ultra-high temperature (UHT, ~1000 °C) granulite-facies metapelite \nfrom the Rauer Group, Mather Peninsula, east Antarctica, has yielded evidence for two episodes of metamorphic zircon \ngrowth, at ~1.00 Ga and ~530 Ma, and two episodes of magmatism in the source region for the protolith sediment, at \n~2.53 and ~2.65 Ga, were identified from the zircon cores. Successive zircon growth at ~1.00 Ga and ~530 Ma records \na sequence of distinct, widely spaced high-temperature metamorphic and/or anatectic events related to Grenvillian and \nPan-African orogenesis. This study presents the first robust geochronological evidence for the timing of UHT \nmetamorphism of the Rauer Group, supporting arguments that the peak UHT metamorphic event occurred at ~1.00 Ga \nand was overprinted by a separate high-grade event at ~530 Ma. The new age data indicate that the UHT granulites of \nthe Rauer Group experienced a complex, multi-stage tectonothermal history, which cannot simply be explained via a \nsingle Pan-African (~500 Ma) high-grade tectonic event. This is critical in understanding the role of the eastern Prydz \nBay region during the assembly of the east Gondwana supercontinent, and the newly recognized inherited Archaean \nages (~2.53 and ~2.65 Ga) suggest a close tectonic relationship between the Rauer Group and the adjacent Archaean of \nthe Vestfold Hills","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Antarctica: A Keystone in a Changing World--Online Proceedings for the Tenth International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences. Santa Barbara, California, U.S.A.--August 26 to September 1, 2007","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071047SRP023","usgsCitation":"Wang, Y., Tong, L., and Liu, D., 2007, Zircon U-Pb Ages from an Ultra-High Temperature Metapelite, Rauer Group, East Antarctica: Implications for Overprints by Grenvillian and Pan-African Events: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1047-SRP-023, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071047SRP023.","productDescription":"4 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":281656,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20071047SRP023.png"},{"id":281655,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1047/srp/srp023/of2007-1047srp023.pdf"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 180.0,-90.0 ], [ 180.0,-60.0 ], [ -180.0,-60.0 ], [ -180.0,-90.0 ], [ 180.0,-90.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7defe4b0b2908510fb24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Yanbin","contributorId":18678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Yanbin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tong, Laixi","contributorId":103965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tong","given":"Laixi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liu, Dunyi","contributorId":92173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Dunyi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":79600,"text":"sir20065316 - 2007 - Geostatistical Modeling of Sediment Abundance in a Heterogeneous Basalt Aquifer at the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:19","indexId":"sir20065316","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5316","title":"Geostatistical Modeling of Sediment Abundance in a Heterogeneous Basalt Aquifer at the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho","docAbstract":"The spatial distribution of sediment in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer was evaluated and modeled to improve the parameterization of hydraulic conductivity (K) for a subregional-scale ground-water flow model being developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. The aquifer is hosted within a layered series of permeable basalts within which intercalated beds of fine-grained sediment constitute local confining units. These sediments have K values as much as six orders of magnitude lower than the most permeable basalt, and previous flow-model calibrations have shown that hydraulic conductivity is sensitive to the proportion of intercalated sediment.\r\n\r\nStratigraphic data in the form of sediment thicknesses from 333 boreholes in and around the Idaho National Laboratory were evaluated as grouped subsets of lithologic units (composite units) corresponding to their relative time-stratigraphic position. The results indicate that median sediment abundances of the stratigraphic units below the water table are statistically invariant (stationary) in a spatial sense and provide evidence of stationarity across geologic time, as well. Based on these results, the borehole data were kriged as two-dimensional spatial data sets representing the sediment content of the layers that discretize the ground-water flow model in the uppermost 300 feet of the aquifer.\r\n\r\nMultiple indicator kriging (mIK) was used to model the geographic distribution of median sediment abundance within each layer by defining the local cumulative frequency distribution (CFD) of sediment via indicator variograms defined at multiple thresholds. The mIK approach is superior to ordinary kriging because it provides a statistically best estimate of sediment abundance (the local median) drawn from the distribution of local borehole data, independent of any assumption of normality. A methodology is proposed for delineating and constraining the assignment of hydraulic conductivity zones for parameter estimation, based on the locally estimated CFDs and relative kriging uncertainty. A kriging-based methodology improves the spatial resolution of hydraulic property zones that can be considered during parameter estimation and should improve calibration performance and sensitivity by more accurately reflecting the nuances of sediment distribution within the aquifer.\r\n\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20065316","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Welhan, J.A., Farabaugh, R.L., Merrick, M.J., and Anderson, S.R., 2007, Geostatistical Modeling of Sediment Abundance in a Heterogeneous Basalt Aquifer at the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5316, vi, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065316.","productDescription":"vi, 32 p.","numberOfPages":"38","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192529,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9221,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5316/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b3a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Welhan, John A.","contributorId":12128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welhan","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farabaugh, Renee L.","contributorId":92361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farabaugh","given":"Renee","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Merrick, Melissa J.","contributorId":80368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merrick","given":"Melissa","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, Steven R.","contributorId":6532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":79599,"text":"ofr20061368 - 2007 - U.S. Geological Survey Georgia Water Science Center and City of Brunswick–Glynn County Cooperative Water Program— Summary of activities, July 2005 through June 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-29T20:47:02.580711","indexId":"ofr20061368","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1368","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Georgia Water Science Center and City of Brunswick–Glynn County Cooperative Water Program— Summary of activities, July 2005 through June 2006","docAbstract":"Since 1959, the U.S. Geological Survey has conducted a cooperative water resources program (CWP) with the City of Brunswick and Glynn County in the Brunswick, Georgia, area. Since the late 1950s, the salinity of ground water in the Upper Floridan aquifer near downtown Brunswick, Georgia, has been increasing, and its occurrence has been detected across an area of increasing size. Pumping of the Upper Floridan aquifer near downtown Brunswick has lowered water levels in the aquifer and resulted in an upward hydraulic gradient between the highly saline parts of the Lower Floridan aquifer and the normally fresh Upper Floridan aquifer. Saltwater likely enters the Upper Floridan aquifer through localized, vertically oriented conduits of relatively high permeability and moves laterally in response to the distribution of stresses within the aquifer.\r\n\r\nThe Brunswick-Glynn County CWP for fiscal year 2006 includes the operation and maintenance of 12 continuous water-level recorders. In addition, water-level data were collected from 52 wells and water from 70 wells was analyzed for chloride concentration during June 2005. Geophysical logs were obtained from one well to assess whether the cause of elevated chloride concentration could be due to leaky well casing. A summary of the Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Environmental Protection Division (GaEPD) Georgia Coastal Sound Science Initiative (CSSI) activities that directly benefit the CWP-Brunswick-Glynn County is included in this report. The GaEPD CSSI is a program of scientific and feasibility studies to support development of a final strategy to protect the Upper Floridan aquifer from saltwater contamination. These data presented in this report are needed by State and local authorities to manage water resources effectively in the coastal area of Georgia.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061368","usgsCitation":"Cherry, G.S., 2007, U.S. Geological Survey Georgia Water Science Center and City of Brunswick–Glynn County Cooperative Water Program— Summary of activities, July 2005 through June 2006: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1368, v, 58 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061368.","productDescription":"v, 58 p.","numberOfPages":"70","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2005-07-01","temporalEnd":"2006-06-30","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":389994,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_80641.htm"},{"id":192638,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9220,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1368/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","county":"Glynn County","city":"Brunswick","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.551513671875,\n 31.103509440594742\n ],\n [\n -81.42105102539061,\n 31.103509440594742\n ],\n [\n -81.42105102539061,\n 31.22219703210317\n ],\n [\n -81.551513671875,\n 31.22219703210317\n ],\n [\n -81.551513671875,\n 31.103509440594742\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e4e4b07f02db5e60b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cherry, Gregory S. 0000-0002-5567-1587 gccherry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5567-1587","contributorId":1567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cherry","given":"Gregory","email":"gccherry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70068817,"text":"ofr20071047SRP010 - 2007 - Holocene oceanographic and climatic variability of the Vega Drift deduced through foraminiferal interpretation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-13T13:42:59","indexId":"ofr20071047SRP010","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-23T13:34:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1047-SRP-010","title":"Holocene oceanographic and climatic variability of the Vega Drift deduced through foraminiferal interpretation","docAbstract":"A sediment sequence recovered from the Vega Drift, Antarctica was analyzed for benthic foraminifera to \ndetermine Holocene oceanographic and climatic variability of the northern Antarctic Peninsula margin. Core \nNBP0003-JPC38, collected during cruise 00-03 of the R.V. Nathaniel B. Palmer recovered 20.53 meters of Holocene \nglacio-marine sediments. Samples were collected every 4 cm for foraminiferal analyses. The data were analyzed using \nprincipal component and cluster analyses. Results of these analyses show significant stratigraphic changes in the \nbenthic foraminiferal record of the Vega Drift. \nThree assemblages characterize the core, including the Miliammina arenacea, Textulariawiesneri, and Stainforthia\nfusiformis assemblages. Most agglutinated forms tend to decrease downcore, and comparisons to modern analogues \nimply post-depositional disintegration, while calcareous taxa indicate non-corrosive bottom waters. The lower to \nmiddle Holocene Vega Drift sediments are characterized by the calcareous S. fusiformis assemblage and glacial plume \nsediments. This assemblage is characterized by calcareous forms including Globocassidulina biora, G. subglobosa, and \nNonionella iridea. The planktic species Neogloboquadrina pachyderma is associated with the S. fusiformis assemblage. \nThe S. fusiformis assemblage is faunally similar to assemblages described in fjords of the western Antarctic Peninsula \nand indicates non-corrosive bottom water. Sediments of the mid to upper Holocene interval are characterized by the T. \nwiesneri and M. arenacea assemblages and indicate the presence of Hyper Saline Shelf Water. These assemblages are \nsimilar to modern assemblages directly to the south in the Prince Gustav Channel. The upper Holocene is marked by \nseveral small intervals with taxonomic characteristics similar to the S. fusiformis assemblage, indicating periodic \nintroduction of non-corrosive bottom water to the Vega Drift","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Antarctica: A Keystone in a Changing World--Online Proceedings for the Tenth International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences. Santa Barbara, California, U.S.A.--August 26 to September 1, 2007","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071047SRP010","usgsCitation":"Szymcek, P., Ishman, S.E., Domack, E.W., and Leventer, A., 2007, Holocene oceanographic and climatic variability of the Vega Drift deduced through foraminiferal interpretation: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1047-SRP-010, Text: 4 p.; Plate: 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071047SRP010.","productDescription":"Text: 4 p.; Plate: 36 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":280898,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20071047SRP010.JPG"},{"id":280896,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1047/srp/srp010/of2007-1047srp010_text.pdf"},{"id":280897,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1047/srp/srp010/of2007-1047srp010_plate1.pdf"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -180.0,-90.0 ], [ -180.0,-60.0 ], [ 180.0,-60.0 ], [ 180.0,-90.0 ], [ -180.0,-90.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd60b2e4b0b290850fd180","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Szymcek, Phillip","contributorId":53693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szymcek","given":"Phillip","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ishman, Scott E.","contributorId":102468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ishman","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Domack, Eugene W.","contributorId":27783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domack","given":"Eugene","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Leventer, Amy","contributorId":80580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leventer","given":"Amy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70068782,"text":"ofr20071047SRP007 - 2007 - Sm-Nd and U-Pb isotopic constraints for crustal evolution during Late Neoproterozic from rocks of the Schirmacher Oasis, East Antarctica: geodynamic development coeval with the East African Orogeny","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-13T12:56:23","indexId":"ofr20071047SRP007","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-23T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1047-SRP-007","title":"Sm-Nd and U-Pb isotopic constraints for crustal evolution during Late Neoproterozic from rocks of the Schirmacher Oasis, East Antarctica: geodynamic development coeval with the East African Orogeny","docAbstract":"Recent post-750 Ma continental reconstructions constrain models for East African Orogeny formation and \nalso the scattered remnants of ~640 Ma granulites, whose genesis is controversial. One such Neoproterozoic granulite \nbelt is the Schirmacher Oasis in East Antarctica, isolated from the distinctly younger Pan-African orogen to the south in \nthe central Droning Maud Land. To ascertain the duration of granulite-facies events in these remnants, garnet Sm-Nd \nand monazite and titanite U-Pb IDTIMS geochronology was carried out on a range of metamorphic rocks. Garnet \nformation ages from a websterite enclave and gabbro were 660±48 Ma and 587±9 Ma respectively, and those from Stype granites were 598±4 Ma and 577±4 Ma. Monazites from metapelite and metaquartzite yielded lower intercept UPb ages of 629±3 Ma and 639±5 Ma, respectively. U-Pb titanite age from calcsilicate gneiss was 580±5 Ma. These \nindicate peak metamorphism to have occurred between 640 and 630 Ma, followed by near isobaric cooling to ~580 Ma. \nThough an origin as an exotic terrane from the East African Orogen cannot be discounted, from the present data there is \na greater likelihood that Mesoproterozoic microplate collision between Maud orogen and a northerly Lurio-Nampula \nblock resulted in formation of these granulite belt(s).","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Antarctica: A Keystone in a Changing World--Online Proceedings for the Tenth International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences. Santa Barbara, California, U.S.A.--August 26 to September 1, 2007","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071047SRP007","usgsCitation":"Ravikant, V., Laux, J., and Pimentel, M., 2007, Sm-Nd and U-Pb isotopic constraints for crustal evolution during Late Neoproterozic from rocks of the Schirmacher Oasis, East Antarctica: geodynamic development coeval with the East African Orogeny: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1047-SRP-007, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071047SRP007.","productDescription":"5 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":280882,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20071047SRP007.JPG"},{"id":280881,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1047/srp/srp007/of2007-1047srp007.pdf"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -180.0,-90.0 ], [ -180.0,-60.0 ], [ 180.0,-60.0 ], [ 180.0,-90.0 ], [ -180.0,-90.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7312e4b0b29085108b87","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ravikant, V.","contributorId":6367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ravikant","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Laux, J.H.","contributorId":79013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laux","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pimentel, M.M.","contributorId":99460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pimentel","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":79587,"text":"ofr20061390 - 2007 - Geologic Characterization of Young Alluvial Basin-Fill Deposits from Drill Hole Data in Yucca Flat, Nye County, Nevada","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":79587,"text":"ofr20061390 - 2007 - Geologic Characterization of Young Alluvial Basin-Fill Deposits from Drill Hole Data in Yucca Flat, Nye County, Nevada","indexId":"ofr20061390","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic Characterization of Young Alluvial Basin-Fill Deposits from Drill Hole Data in Yucca Flat, Nye County, Nevada"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":80141,"text":"sir20075062 - 2007 - Geologic Characterization of Young Alluvial Basin-Fill Deposits from Drill-Hole Data in Yucca Flat, Nye County, Nevada","indexId":"sir20075062","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic Characterization of Young Alluvial Basin-Fill Deposits from Drill-Hole Data in Yucca Flat, Nye County, Nevada"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":80141,"text":"sir20075062 - 2007 - Geologic Characterization of Young Alluvial Basin-Fill Deposits from Drill-Hole Data in Yucca Flat, Nye County, Nevada","indexId":"sir20075062","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic Characterization of Young Alluvial Basin-Fill Deposits from Drill-Hole Data in Yucca Flat, Nye County, Nevada"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:12","indexId":"ofr20061390","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1390","title":"Geologic Characterization of Young Alluvial Basin-Fill Deposits from Drill Hole Data in Yucca Flat, Nye County, Nevada","docAbstract":"Yucca Flat is a topographic and structural basin in the northeastern part of the Nevada Test Site (NTS) in Nye County, Nevada, that has been the site of numerous underground nuclear tests; many of these tests occurred within the young alluvial basin-fill deposits. The migration of radionuclides to the Paleozoic carbonate aquifer involves passage through this thick, heterogeneous section of Tertiary and Quaternary rock. An understanding of the lateral and vertical changes in the material properties of young alluvial basin-fill deposits will aid in the further development of the hydrogeologic framework and the delineation of hydrostratigraphic units and hydraulic properties required for simulating ground-water flow in the Yucca Flat area. This report by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, presents data and interpretation regarding the three-dimensional variability of the shallow alluvial aquifers in areas of testing at Yucca Flat, data that are potentially useful in the understanding of the subsurface flow system. This report includes a summary and interpretation of alluvial basin-fill stratigraphy in the Yucca Flat area based on drill hole data from 285 selected drill holes. Spatial variations in lithology and grain size of the Neogene basin-fill sediments can be established when data from numerous drill holes are considered together. Lithologic variations are related to different depositional environments within the basin including alluvial fan, channel, basin axis, and playa deposits.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061390","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Site Office under Interagency Agreement DE-AI52-01NV13944","usgsCitation":"Sweetkind, D., and Drake, R.M., 2007, Geologic Characterization of Young Alluvial Basin-Fill Deposits from Drill Hole Data in Yucca Flat, Nye County, Nevada (Superseded by SIR 2007-5062): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1390, iv, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061390.","productDescription":"iv, 17 p.","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190899,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9206,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1390/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Superseded by SIR 2007-5062","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a870d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sweetkind, Donald S.","contributorId":18732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweetkind","given":"Donald S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drake, Ronald M. II 0000-0002-1770-4667 rmdrake@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1770-4667","contributorId":1353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"Ronald","suffix":"II","email":"rmdrake@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70065939,"text":"ofr20071047SRP001 - 2007 - Advances through collaboration: sharing seismic reflection data via the Antarctic Seismic Data Library System for Cooperative Research (SDLS)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-07T14:09:02","indexId":"ofr20071047SRP001","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-17T13:44:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1047-SRP-001","title":"Advances through collaboration: sharing seismic reflection data via the Antarctic Seismic Data Library System for Cooperative Research (SDLS)","docAbstract":"The Antarctic Seismic Data Library System for Cooperative Research (SDLS) has served for the past 16 \nyears under the auspices of the Antarctic Treaty (ATCM Recommendation XVI-12) as a role model for collaboration \nand equitable sharing of Antarctic multichannel seismic reflection (MCS) data for geoscience studies. During this \nperiod, collaboration in MCS studies has advanced deciphering the seismic stratigraphy and structure of Antarctica’s \ncontinental margin more rapidly than previously. MCS data compilations provided the geologic framework for scientific \ndrilling at several Antarctic locations and for high-resolution seismic and sampling studies to decipher Cenozoic \ndepositional paleoenvironments. The SDLS successes come from cooperation of National Antarctic Programs and \nindividual investigators in “on-time” submissions of their MCS data. Most do, but some do not. The SDLS \ncommunity has an International Polar Year (IPY) goal of all overdue MCS data being sent to the SDLS by end of IPY. \nThe community science objective is to compile all Antarctic MCS data to derive a unified seismic stratigraphy for the \ncontinental margin – a stratigraphy to be used with drilling data to derive Cenozoic circum-Antarctic paleobathymetry \nmaps and local-to-regional scale paleoenvironmental histories.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Antarctica: A Keystone in a Changing World--Online Proceedings for the Tenth International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences. Santa Barbara, California, U.S.A.--August 26 to September 1, 2007","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071047SRP001","usgsCitation":"Wardell, N., Childs, J., and Cooper, A.K., 2007, Advances through collaboration: sharing seismic reflection data via the Antarctic Seismic Data Library System for Cooperative Research (SDLS): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1047-SRP-001, Text: 4 p.; Plate: 1 PDF poster, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071047SRP001.","productDescription":"Text: 4 p.; Plate: 1 PDF poster","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":280663,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20071047SRP001.JPG"},{"id":280660,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1047/srp/srp001/of2007-1047srp001_text.pdf"},{"id":280659,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1047/srp/srp001/of2007-1047srp001_plate1.pdf"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 180.0,-90.0 ], [ 180.0,-60.0 ], [ -180.0,-60.0 ], [ -180.0,-90.0 ], [ 180.0,-90.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4b3ae4b0b290850f03ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wardell, N.","contributorId":71093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wardell","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Childs, J.R.","contributorId":63011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Childs","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cooper, A. 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The purpose of our present study is to determine the distributions of surficial sediments and sedimentary environments in two areas of Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, using sidescan sonar imagery, high-resolution bathymetry, and sediment data. This study provides a framework for future studies on topics such as benthic habitats and oceanographic processes that control the transport and distribution of bottom sediments. This study mapped two separate areas totalling about 33 km² One area lies in West Passage between Plum Point, Quonset Point and Conanicut Island; the other area lies in East Passage around Dyer Island and extends south of Prudence Island.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061199","usgsCitation":"McMullen, K.Y., Poppe, L.J., Signell, R.P., Denny, J.F., Crocker, J.M., Beaver, A.L., and Schattgen, P., 2007, Surficial geology in central Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island: interpretations of sidescan sonar and multibeam bathymetry: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1199, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061199.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":680,"text":"Woods Hole Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":9174,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1199/","text":"Index Page","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":195452,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20061199.PNG"},{"id":395720,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_80461.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Rhode Island","otherGeospatial":"Narragansett Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.41593933105469,\n 41.5198886863019\n ],\n [\n -71.28787994384766,\n 41.5198886863019\n ],\n [\n -71.28787994384766,\n 41.6010669423553\n ],\n [\n -71.41593933105469,\n 41.6010669423553\n ],\n [\n -71.41593933105469,\n 41.5198886863019\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db689168","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McMullen, Katherine Y. kmcmullen@usgs.gov","contributorId":24036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMullen","given":"Katherine","email":"kmcmullen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poppe, Larry J.","contributorId":55913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Signell, Richard P. rsignell@usgs.gov","contributorId":1435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Signell","given":"Richard","email":"rsignell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":290226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Denny, Jane F. 0000-0002-3472-618X jdenny@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3472-618X","contributorId":418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denny","given":"Jane","email":"jdenny@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Crocker, Jim M.","contributorId":36642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crocker","given":"Jim","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Beaver, Andrew L.","contributorId":78832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beaver","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schattgen, P. 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The C aquifer occurs mainly in the eastern and southern parts of the 10,300-square-mile Coconino Plateau study area, and the Redwall-Muav aquifer underlies the entire study area. The C aquifer is a water-table aquifer for most of its occurrence with depths to water that range from a few hundred feet to more than 1,500 feet. In the western part of the Coconino Plateau study area, the C aquifer is dry except for small localized perched water-bearing zones decoupled from the C aquifer to the east. The Redwall-Muav aquifer underlies the C aquifer and ranges from at least 3,000 feet below land surface in the western part of the Coconino Plateau study area to more than 3,200 feet below land surface in the eastern part of the study area. The Redwall-Muav aquifer is a confined aquifer for most of its occurrence with hydraulic heads of several hundred to more than 500 feet above the top of the aquifer in the western part of the study area and more than 2,000 feet above the top of the aquifer in the eastern part of the study area near Flagstaff. In the eastern and northeast parts of the area, the C aquifer and the Redwall-Muav aquifer are in partial hydraulic connection through faults and other fractures. The water discharging from the two aquifers on the Coconino Plateau study area is generally of good quality for most intended uses. Water from sites in the lower Little Colorado River Canyon had high concentrations of most trace elements relative to other springs, rivers, and streams in the study area. Concentrations of barium, arsenic, uranium, and lead, and gross alpha radioactivity were greater than U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Maximum Contaminant Levels for drinking water at some sites. Ground water discharging to most springs, streams, and wells on the Coconino Plateau and in adjacent areas is a calcium magnesium bicarbonate type and has low concentrations of the major dissolved constituents. Ground water discharging from the Redwall-Muav aquifer to springs in the lower Little Colorado River Canyon is a mixture of water from the C aquifer and the Redwall-Muav aquifer and is a sodium chloride type with high concentrations of most major dissolved constituents. Concentrations of sulfate and chloride in ground water discharging from the Redwall-Muav aquifer at springs near the south rim of Grand Canyon increase toward the west. Water samples from the Verde River above Mormon Pocket had higher concentrations of most dissolved constituents than samples from springs that discharge from the Redwall-Muav aquifer at Mormon Pocket and in Sycamore Canyon. Water-chemistry data from C aquifer wells and springs in the Flagstaff area indicate that ground-water ages in the aquifer range from 7,000 years to modern and that samples were a mix of younger and older waters. Ground-water ages for the Redwall-Muav aquifer are estimated to range from 22,600 to 7,500 years, and low tritium values indicate that this water is older than water discharging from the C aquifer. Tritium and carbon-14 results indicate that ground water discharging at most springs and streams is a mixture of young and old ground waters, likely resulting from multiple flow paths and multiple recharge areas. Ground-water withdrawals in the study area increased from about 4,000 acre-feet per year prior to 1975, to about 20,000 acre-feet per year in 2003. About two-thirds of the water withdrawn is from the C aquifer and about one-third is from the Redwall-Muav aquifer. In the study area, most development of the C aquifer has occurred near Flagstaff. Development of the Redwall-Muav aquifer is more extensive in Verde Valley where water-bearing zones of the aquifer are closer to land surface. In recent years, however, development of the Redwall-Muav aquifer in the study area has increased in response to population growth and the atten
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20055222","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Arizona Department of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Bills, D., Flynn, M., and Monroe, S.A., 2007, Hydrogeology of the Coconino Plateau and adjacent areas, Coconino and Yavapai Counties, Arizona (Version 1.0: Originally posted 2007; Version 1.1: March 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5222, Report: xi, 101 p.; 4 Plates: 30.88 x 31.88 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055222.","productDescription":"Report: xi, 101 p.; 4 Plates: 30.88 x 31.88 inches or smaller","numberOfPages":"107","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318944,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5222/sir2005-5222_text.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5222 Report"},{"id":318945,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5222/sir2005-5222_plate1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","size":"9.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2005-5222 Plate 1"},{"id":9173,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5222/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":318946,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5222/sir2005-5222_plate2.pdf","text":"Plate 2","size":"18.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2005-5222 Plate 2"},{"id":318947,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5222/sir2005-5222_plate3.pdf","text":"Plate 3","size":"17.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2005-5222 Plate 3"},{"id":318948,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5222/sir2005-5222_plate4.pdf","text":"Plate 4","size":"17.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2005-5222 Plate 4"},{"id":318949,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5222/coverthb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.25,34.5 ], [ -113.25,36.75 ], [ -111,36.75 ], [ -111,34.5 ], [ -113.25,34.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0: Originally posted 2007; Version 1.1: March 2016","contact":"Director, Arizona Water Science Center
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San Francisco Bight, located near the coast of San Francisco, USA, is an extremely dynamic tidal inlet environmental subject to large waves and strong currents. Wave heights coming from the Pacific Ocean commonly exceed 5 m during winter storms. During peak flow tidal currents approach 3 m/s at the Golden Gate, a 1 km wide entrance that connects San Francisco Bay to the Pacific Ocean. Flow structure in this region varies markedly spatially and temporally due to the complex interaction by wind, waves and tidal currents. A multibeam sonar survey was recently completed that mapped in high resolution, for the first time, the bottom morphology in the region of the ebb tidal delta. This data set includes a giant sand wave field covering an area of approximately 4 square kilometers. The new survey enables the calculation of seabed change that has occurred in the past 50 years, since the last comprehensive survey of the area was completed. This comparison indicates an average erosion of 60 centimeters which equates to a total volume change of approximately 9.3 x 107 m3. Morphologic change also indicates that flood channels have filled and that the entire ebb delta is contracting radially.
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Commonly, debris flow units \nare separated by thin deposits of well-stratified facies, interpreted as predominantly glaciomarine mixed contouritic and \ndistal turbidite deposits. These units could act as weak layers and could have played a major role in the slope instability. \nHigh sedimentation rates, due to large amounts of sediment delivered from a temperate, wet-based ice sheet, constituted \na key factor in the sediment failures. The main trigger mechanism would probably have been earthquakes enhanced by \nisostatic rebound following major ice sheet retreats.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Antarctica: A Keystone in a Changing World--Online Proceedings for the Tenth International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences. 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This digital catalog is designed primarily \nfor use by micropaleontologists working in the field (at sea or on the Antarctic continent) where hard-copy literature \nresources are limited. This new package will also be useful for classroom/lab teaching as well as for any \npaleontologists making or refining taxonomic identifications at the microscope. The database (Cenozoic Antarctic \nDiatomWare) is displayed via a custom software program (BugCam) written in Visual Basic for use on PCs running \nWindows 95 or later operating systems. BugCam is a flexible image display program that utilizes an intuitive \nthumbnail “tree” structure for navigation through the database. 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D.M.","contributorId":10324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harwood","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}} ,{"id":70047537,"text":"sir20075289B - 2007 - Tectonic setting and metallogenesis of volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits in the Bonnifield Mining District, Northern Alaska Range: Chapter B in Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T10:57:48","indexId":"sir20075289B","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T15:21:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5289","chapter":"B","title":"Tectonic setting and metallogenesis of volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits in the Bonnifield Mining District, Northern Alaska Range: Chapter B in Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project","docAbstract":"This paper summarizes the results of field and laboratory investigations, including whole-rock geochemistry and \nradiogenic isotopes, of outcrop and drill core samples from \nvolcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits and associated \nmetaigneous rocks in the Wood River area of the Bonnifield \nmining district, northern Alaska Range (see fig. 1 of Editors’ \nPreface and Overview). U-Pb zircon igneous crystallization \nages from felsic rocks indicate a prolonged period of Late \nDevonian to Early Mississippian (373±3 to 357±4 million \nyears before present, or Ma) magmatism. This magmatism \noccurred in a basinal setting along the ancient Pacific margin \nof North America. The siliceous and carbonaceous compositions of metasedimentary rocks, Precambrian model ages \nbased on U-Pb dating of zircon and neodymium ages, and \nfor some units, radiogenic neodymium isotopic compositions and whole-rock trace-element ratios similar to those of \ncontinental crust are evidence for this setting. Red Mountain \n(also known as Dry Creek) and WTF, two of the largest \nVMS deposits, are hosted in peralkaline metarhyolite of the \nMystic Creek Member of the Totatlanika Schist. The Mystic \nCreek Member is distinctive in having high concentrations of \nhigh-field-strength elements (HFSE) and rare-earth elements \n(REE), indicative of formation in a within-plate (extensional) \nsetting. Mystic Creek metarhyolite is associated with alkalic, \nwithin-plate basalt of the Chute Creek Member; neodymium \nisotopic data indicate an enriched mantle component for both \nmembers of this bimodal (rhyolite-basalt) suite. Anderson \nMountain, the other significant VMS deposit, is hosted by \nthe Wood River assemblage. Metaigneous rocks in the Wood \nRiver assemblage span a wide compositional range, including \nandesitic rocks, which are characteristic of arc volcanism. Our \ndata suggest that the Mystic Creek Member likely formed in \nan extensional, back-arc basin that was associated with an outboard continental-margin volcanic arc that included rocks of the Wood River assemblage. We suggest that elevated HFSE \nand REE trace-element contents of metavolcanic rocks, whose \nmajor-element composition may have been altered, are an \nimportant prospecting tool for rocks of VMS deposit potential \nin east-central Alaska.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project (Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5289)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20075289B","collaboration":"This report is Chapter B in Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project. For more information, see: Scientific Investigation Report 2007-5289.","usgsCitation":"Dusel-Bacon, C., Aleinikoff, J.N., Premo, W.R., Paradis, S., and Lohr-Schmidt, I., 2007, Tectonic setting and metallogenesis of volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits in the Bonnifield Mining District, Northern Alaska Range: Chapter B in Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5289, iii, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075289B.","productDescription":"iii, 7 p.","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":244,"text":"Eastern Mineral Resources Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276243,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20075289b.png"},{"id":276241,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5289/"},{"id":276242,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5289/SIR2007-5289-B.pdf"}],"country":"Canada;United States","state":"Alaska;Yukon","otherGeospatial":"Tintina Gold Province","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -163.0,59.0 ], [ -163.0,67.0 ], [ -126.0,67.0 ], [ -126.0,59.0 ], [ -163.0,59.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5204bdf0e4b0403aa6262a93","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Gough, Larry P. lgough@usgs.gov","contributorId":1230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gough","given":"Larry","email":"lgough@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":509557,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day, Warren C. 0000-0002-9278-2120 wday@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9278-2120","contributorId":1308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"Warren","email":"wday@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509558,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Dusel-Bacon, Cynthia 0000-0001-8481-739X cdusel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-739X","contributorId":2797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusel-Bacon","given":"Cynthia","email":"cdusel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aleinikoff, John N. 0000-0003-3494-6841 jaleinikoff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-6841","contributorId":1478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aleinikoff","given":"John","email":"jaleinikoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Premo, Wayne R. 0000-0001-9904-4801 wpremo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9904-4801","contributorId":1697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Premo","given":"Wayne","email":"wpremo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":482297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paradis, Suzanne","contributorId":31666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paradis","given":"Suzanne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lohr-Schmidt, Ilana","contributorId":93370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lohr-Schmidt","given":"Ilana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70100462,"text":"ofr20071047SRP084 - 2007 - Differences in ice retreat across Pine Island Bay, West Antarctica, since the Last Glacial Maximum: Indications from multichannel seismic reflection data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-01T15:45:20","indexId":"ofr20071047SRP084","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T15:19:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1047-SRP-084","title":"Differences in ice retreat across Pine Island Bay, West Antarctica, since the Last Glacial Maximum: Indications from multichannel seismic reflection data","docAbstract":"An understanding of the glacial history of Pine Island Bay (PIB) is essential for refining models of the future \nstability of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS). New multichannel seismic reflection data from inner PIB are \ninterpreted in context of previously published reconstructions for the retreat history in this area since the Last Glacial \nMaximum. Differences in the behavior of the ice sheet during deglaciation are shown to exist for the western and \neastern parts of PIB. While we can identify only a thin veneer of sedimentary deposits in western PIB, eastern PIB \nshows sedimentary layers ≤ 400 msTWT. This is interpreted as a result of differences in ice retreat: a fast ice retreat in \nwestern PIB accompanied by rapid basal melting led to production of large meltwater streams, a slower ice retreat in \neastern PIB is most probably the result of smaller drainage basins resulting in less meltwater production.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Antarctica: A Keystone in a Changing World--Online Proceedings for the Tenth International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences. 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These results provide for the first time \nevidence for Archaean suturing within East Antarctica. Similar upper mantle sources are likely present in the northern \nMawson Escarpment. A younger age limit of these rocks is 2200 Ma, as indicated by presumably metamorphic zircon \nages while their magmatic age may be constrained by single zircon dates at 2450-2250 Ma. The area of the northern \nMawson Escarpment is most likely of ensimatic origin and includes mafic rocks which were derived from distinct \nmantle source(s) during Palaeoproterozoic time.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Antarctica: A Keystone in a Changing World--Online Proceedings for the Tenth International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences. 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Although rocks from more than eight different \nlithotectonic terranes are exposed within the extended swath of \ndata, we focus on volcanogenic massive sulfides (VMS) and \nporphyry deposits within the Yukon-Tanana terrane (YTT), \nthe largest Mesozoic accretionary terrane exposed between the \nDenali fault system to the south of Fairbanks and the Tintina \nfault system to the north of Fairbanks. \nComparison of thermal-infrared region (TIR) \ndecorrelation stretch data to available geologic maps indicates \nthat rocks from the YTT contain a wide range of rock types \nranging in composition from mafic metavolcanic rocks to \nfelsic rock types such as metarhyolites, pelitic schists, and \nquartzites. The nine-band ASTER visible-near-infrared \nregion--short-wave infrared region (VNIR-SWIR) reflectance \ndata and spectral matched-filter processing were used to map \nhydrothermal alteration patterns associated with VMS and \nporphyry deposit types. In particular, smectite, kaolinite, \nopaline silica, jarosite and (or) other ferric iron minerals \ndefined narrow (less than 250-meter diameter) zonal patterns \naround Red Mountain and other potential VMS targets. Using \nASTER we identified some of the known mineral deposits \nin the region, as well as mineralogically similar targets that \nmay represent potential undiscovered deposits. Some known \ndeposits were not identified and may have been obscured by \nvegetation or snow cover or were too small to be resolved.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project (Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5289)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20075289E","collaboration":"This report is Chapter E in Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project. For more information, see: Scientific Investigation Report 2007-5289.","usgsCitation":"Hubbard, B.E., Dusel-Bacon, C., Rowan, L.C., and Eppinger, R.G., 2007, Mapping known and potential mineral occurrences and host rocks in the Bonnifield Mining District using minimal cloud- and snow-cover ASTER data: Chapter E in Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5289, iii, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075289E.","productDescription":"iii, 8 p.","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":244,"text":"Eastern Mineral Resources Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276589,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20075289e.png"},{"id":276587,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5289/SIR2007-5289-E.pdf"},{"id":276588,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5289/"}],"country":"Canada;United States","state":"Alaska;Yukon","otherGeospatial":"Tintina Gold Province","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -163.0,59.0 ], [ -163.0,67.0 ], [ -126.0,67.0 ], [ -126.0,59.0 ], [ -163.0,59.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"520b822be4b0d6ca46067dd1","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Gough, Larry P. lgough@usgs.gov","contributorId":1230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gough","given":"Larry","email":"lgough@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":509570,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day, Warren C. 0000-0002-9278-2120 wday@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9278-2120","contributorId":1308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"Warren","email":"wday@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509571,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Hubbard, Bernard E. 0000-0002-9315-2032 bhubbard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9315-2032","contributorId":2342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbard","given":"Bernard","email":"bhubbard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dusel-Bacon, Cynthia 0000-0001-8481-739X cdusel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-739X","contributorId":2797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusel-Bacon","given":"Cynthia","email":"cdusel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rowan, Lawrence C.","contributorId":58629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowan","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eppinger, Robert G. eppinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eppinger","given":"Robert","email":"eppinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}