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We excluded sampling sites that previous studies had established as unsuitable on the basis of depth and substrate criteria and asked why fish chose particular locations and not others in seemingly suitable habitat. We evaluated surface water velocity, depth, substrate size composition, gravel inflow rates, vertical hydraulic gradient, geomorphic channel units, hyporheic water physicochemistry, cover, and proximity to other redds not in sampling sites during the 2004-2005 spawning season. In univariate comparisons with unused sites, coho salmon selected sites with a smaller median particle diameter, a larger percentage of gravel-pebble substrate, and higher gravel inflow rates. Based on multivariate logistic regression, the probability of a site's being used for spawning was best modeled as a positive function of the gravel-pebble fraction of the substrate, location at a pool or run tail, and the presence of existing redds in close proximity to the site. This model explained 38% of the variation in the data and was a better predictor of spawning habitat use than a more traditional model based on depth, velocity, and substrate. Our results highlight the potential importance of social behavior in contributing to habitat selection by spawning salmonids. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/M06-054.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Mull, K., and Wilzbach, M., 2007, Selection of spawning sites by coho salmon in a northern California stream: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 27, no. 4, p. 1343-1354, https://doi.org/10.1577/M06-054.1.","startPage":"1343","endPage":"1354","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238621,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211346,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M06-054.1"}],"volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8cd4e4b08c986b31815f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mull, K.E.","contributorId":68104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mull","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilzbach, M.A.","contributorId":48505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilzbach","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031256,"text":"70031256 - 2007 - On the choice of statistical models for estimating occurrence and extinction from animal surveys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:19","indexId":"70031256","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the choice of statistical models for estimating occurrence and extinction from animal surveys","docAbstract":"In surveys of natural animal populations the number of animals that are present and available to be detected at a sample location is often low, resulting in few or no detections. Low detection frequencies are especially common in surveys of imperiled species; however, the choice of sampling method and protocol also may influence the size of the population that is vulnerable to detection. In these circumstances, probabilities of animal occurrence and extinction will generally be estimated more accurately if the models used in data analysis account for differences in abundance among sample locations and for the dependence between site-specific abundance and detection. Simulation experiments are used to illustrate conditions wherein these types of models can be expected to outperform alternative estimators of population site occupancy and extinction. ?? 2007 by the Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/07-0006.1","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"Dorazio, R., 2007, On the choice of statistical models for estimating occurrence and extinction from animal surveys: Ecology, v. 88, no. 11, p. 2773-2782, https://doi.org/10.1890/07-0006.1.","startPage":"2773","endPage":"2782","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487661,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/07-0006.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238623,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211347,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/07-0006.1"}],"volume":"88","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6dbce4b0c8380cd752cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dorazio, R.M. 0000-0003-2663-0468","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2663-0468","contributorId":23475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorazio","given":"R.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70031263,"text":"70031263 - 2007 - Mars global digital dune database and initial science results","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-19T09:40:05","indexId":"70031263","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mars global digital dune database and initial science results","docAbstract":"

A new Mars Global Digital Dune Database (MGD3) constructed using Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) infrared (IR) images provides a comprehensive and quantitative view of the geographic distribution of moderate‐ to large‐size dune fields (area >1 km2) that will help researchers to understand global climatic and sedimentary processes that have shaped the surface of Mars. MGD3 extends from 65°N to 65°S latitude and includes ∼550 dune fields, covering ∼70,000 km2, with an estimated total volume of ∼3,600 km3. This area, when combined with polar dune estimates, suggests moderate‐ to large‐size dune field coverage on Mars may total ∼800,000 km2, ∼6 times less than the total areal estimate of ∼5,000,000 km2 for terrestrial dunes. Where availability and quality of THEMIS visible (VIS) or Mars Orbiter Camera narrow‐angle (MOC NA) images allow, we classify dunes and include dune slipface measurements, which are derived from gross dune morphology and represent the prevailing wind direction at the last time of significant dune modification. For dunes located within craters, the azimuth from crater centroid to dune field centroid (referred to as dune centroid azimuth) is calculated and can provide an accurate method for tracking dune migration within smooth‐floored craters. These indicators of wind direction are compared to output from a general circulation model (GCM). Dune centroid azimuth values generally correlate to regional wind patterns. Slipface orientations are less well correlated, suggesting that local topographic effects may play a larger role in dune orientation than regional winds.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2007JE002943","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Hayward, R., Mullins, K.F., Fenton, L.K., Hare, T.M., Titus, T.N., Bourke, M.C., Colaprete, A., and Christensen, P.R., 2007, Mars global digital dune database and initial science results: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 112, no. 11, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JE002943.","productDescription":"17 p.","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477342,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007je002943","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238655,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"112","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-11-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5223e4b0c8380cd6c1a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hayward, Rosalyn K. 0000-0002-7428-0311 rhayward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7428-0311","contributorId":571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayward","given":"Rosalyn K.","email":"rhayward@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":430795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mullins, Kevin F.","contributorId":47950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullins","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fenton, Lori K.","contributorId":208682,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fenton","given":"Lori","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":37319,"text":"SETI Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":430798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hare, Trent M. 0000-0001-8842-389X thare@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8842-389X","contributorId":3188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hare","given":"Trent","email":"thare@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":430796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Titus, Timothy N. 0000-0003-0700-4875 ttitus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0700-4875","contributorId":146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Titus","given":"Timothy","email":"ttitus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":430799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bourke, Mary C.","contributorId":105992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bourke","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Colaprete, Anthony","contributorId":197548,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colaprete","given":"Anthony","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Christensen, Phillip R.","contributorId":18098,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christensen","given":"Phillip","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70031264,"text":"70031264 - 2007 - Near-infrared spectral mapping of Titan's mountains and channels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-07T15:25:15","indexId":"70031264","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Near-infrared spectral mapping of Titan's mountains and channels","docAbstract":"

We investigate the spectral reflectance properties of channels and mountain ranges on Titan using data from Cassini's Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) obtained during the T9 encounter (26 December 2005). We identify the location of channels and mountains using synthetic aperture radar maps obtained from Cassini's RADAR instrument during the T13 (30 April 2006) flyby. Channels are evident even in VIMS imaging with spatial resolution coarser than the channel size. The channels share spectral characteristics with Titan's dark blue terrain (e.g., the Huygens landing site) that is consistent with an enhancement in water ice content relative to the rest of Titan. We use this fact to measure widths of ???1 km for the largest channels. Comparison of the data sets shows that in our study area within the equatorial bright spectral unit east of Xanadu, mountains are darker and bluer than surrounding smooth terrain. These results are consistent with the equatorial bright terrain possessing a veneer of material that is thinner in the regions where there are mountains and streambeds that have likely undergone more recent and extensive erosion. We suggest a model for the geographic relationship of the dark blue, dark brown, and equatorial bright spectral units based on our findings.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2007JE002932","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Barnes, J.W., Radebaugh, J., Brown, R.H., Wall, S., Soderblom, L.A., Lunine, J.I., Burr, D.M., Sotin, C., Le Mouelic, S., Rodriguez, S., Buratti, B.J., Clark, R.N., Baines, K.H., Jaumann, R., Nicholson, P.D., Kirk, R.L., Lopes, R., Lorenz, R.D., Mitchell, K., and Wood, C.A., 2007, Near-infrared spectral mapping of Titan's mountains and channels: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 112, no. E11, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JE002932.","productDescription":"13 p.","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477229,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://u-paris.hal.science/hal-03657632","text":"External Repository"},{"id":239811,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212340,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JE002932"}],"otherGeospatial":"Titan","volume":"112","issue":"E11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-11-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a63fde4b0c8380cd727e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnes, Jason W.","contributorId":147251,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barnes","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Radebaugh, Jani","contributorId":101792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Radebaugh","given":"Jani","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Robert H.","contributorId":147246,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wall, Steve","contributorId":211191,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wall","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Soderblom, Laurence A. 0000-0002-0917-853X lsoderblom@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0917-853X","contributorId":2721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soderblom","given":"Laurence","email":"lsoderblom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":430820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lunine, Jonathan I.","contributorId":82447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lunine","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Burr, Devon M.","contributorId":21853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burr","given":"Devon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sotin, Christophe","contributorId":53924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sotin","given":"Christophe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Le Mouelic, Stephane","contributorId":147254,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Le Mouelic","given":"Stephane","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Rodriguez, Sebastien","contributorId":211192,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Sebastien","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Buratti, Bonnie J.","contributorId":152192,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buratti","given":"Bonnie","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":18876,"text":"California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":430813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Clark, Roger N. 0000-0002-7021-1220 rclark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7021-1220","contributorId":515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Roger","email":"rclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":430818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Baines, Kevin H.","contributorId":193922,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baines","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Jaumann, Ralf","contributorId":147249,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jaumann","given":"Ralf","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Nicholson, Philip D.","contributorId":193925,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicholson","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Kirk, Randolph L. 0000-0003-0842-9226 rkirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226","contributorId":2765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randolph","email":"rkirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":430817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Lopes, Rosaly","contributorId":50280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopes","given":"Rosaly","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Lorenz, Ralph D.","contributorId":56360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lorenz","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Mitchell, Ken","contributorId":8211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Ken","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Wood, Charles A.","contributorId":27599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20}]}} ,{"id":70031272,"text":"70031272 - 2007 - Forest dynamics in Oregon landscapes: Evaluation and application of an individual-based model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:13","indexId":"70031272","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forest dynamics in Oregon landscapes: Evaluation and application of an individual-based model","docAbstract":"The FORCLIM model of forest dynamics was tested against field survey data for its ability to simulate basal area and composition of old forests across broad climatic gradients in western Oregon, USA. The model was also tested for its ability to capture successional trends in ecoregions of the west Cascade Range. It was then applied to simulate present and future (1990-2050) forest landscape dynamics of a watershed in the west Cascades. Various regimes of climate change and harvesting in the watershed were considered in the landscape application. The model was able to capture much of the variation in forest basal area and composition in western Oregon even though temperature and precipitation were the only inputs that were varied among simulated sites. The measured decline in total basal area from tall coastal forests eastward to interior steppe was matched by simulations. Changes in simulated forest dominants also approximated those in the actual data. Simulated abundances of a few minor species did not match actual abundances, however. Subsequent projections of climate change and harvest effects in a west Cascades landscape indicated no change in forest dominance as of 2050. Yet, climate-driven shifts in the distributions of some species were projected. The simulation of both stand-replacing and partial-stand disturbances across western Oregon improved agreement between simulated and actual data. Simulations with fire as an agent of partial disturbance suggested that frequent fires of low severity can alter forest composition and structure as much or more than severe fires at historic frequencies. ?? 2007 by the Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/06-1838.1","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Busing, R.T., Solomon, A., McKane, R., and Burdick, C., 2007, Forest dynamics in Oregon landscapes: Evaluation and application of an individual-based model: Ecological Applications, v. 17, no. 7, p. 1967-1981, https://doi.org/10.1890/06-1838.1.","startPage":"1967","endPage":"1981","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212428,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/06-1838.1"},{"id":239916,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1331e4b0c8380cd5455b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Busing, R. T.","contributorId":72162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busing","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Solomon, A.M.","contributorId":71721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solomon","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKane, R.B.","contributorId":88558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKane","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burdick, C.A.","contributorId":51984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burdick","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031273,"text":"70031273 - 2007 - Application of ground-penetrating radar imagery for three-dimensional visualisation of near-surface structures in ice-rich permafrost, Barrow, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-10T14:14:48","indexId":"70031273","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3032,"text":"Permafrost and Periglacial Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application of ground-penetrating radar imagery for three-dimensional visualisation of near-surface structures in ice-rich permafrost, Barrow, Alaska","docAbstract":"

Three-dimensional ground-penetrating radar (3D GPR) was used to investigate the subsurface structure of ice-wedge polygons and other features of the frozen active layer and near-surface permafrost near Barrow, Alaska. Surveys were conducted at three sites located on landscapes of different geomorphic age. At each site, sediment cores were collected and characterised to aid interpretation of GPR data. At two sites, 3D GPR was able to delineate subsurface ice-wedge networks with high fidelity. Three-dimensional GPR data also revealed a fundamental difference in ice-wedge morphology between these two sites that is consistent with differences in landscape age. At a third site, the combination of two-dimensional and 3D GPR revealed the location of an active frost boil with ataxitic cryostructure. When supplemented by analysis of soil cores, 3D GPR offers considerable potential for imaging, interpreting and 3D mapping of near-surface soil and ice structures in permafrost environments.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ppp.594","issn":"10456740","usgsCitation":"Munroe, J.S., Doolittle, J.A., Kanevskiy, M., Hinkel, K.M., Nelson, F.E., Jones, B.M., Shur, Y., and Kimble, J.M., 2007, Application of ground-penetrating radar imagery for three-dimensional visualisation of near-surface structures in ice-rich permafrost, Barrow, Alaska: Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, v. 18, no. 4, p. 309-321, https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.594.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"309","endPage":"321","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239948,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Barrow","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -157.25,\n 71\n ],\n [\n -155.6,\n 71\n ],\n [\n -155.6,\n 71.4\n ],\n [\n -157.25,\n 71.4\n ],\n [\n -157.25,\n 71\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-09-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eca1e4b0c8380cd493be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Munroe, Jeffrey S.","contributorId":24175,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Munroe","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doolittle, James A.","contributorId":29951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doolittle","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kanevskiy, Mikhail","contributorId":60511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kanevskiy","given":"Mikhail","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hinkel, Kenneth M.","contributorId":15405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinkel","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nelson, Frederick E.","contributorId":107919,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jones, Benjamin M. 0000-0002-1517-4711 bjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1517-4711","contributorId":2286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Benjamin","email":"bjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":430851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Shur, Yuri","contributorId":39302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shur","given":"Yuri","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kimble, John M.","contributorId":99376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kimble","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70031279,"text":"70031279 - 2007 - Reconstructing late Cenozoic stream gradients from high-level chert gravels in central Eastern Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:12","indexId":"70031279","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1358,"text":"Current Research in Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reconstructing late Cenozoic stream gradients from high-level chert gravels in central Eastern Kansas","docAbstract":"Interpreting the evolution of Kansas' landscape east of the Flint Hills provides major challenges. In the Neogene (late Tertiary) and perhaps part of the Pleistocene, streams transported a variety of sedimentary materials, including chert gravels derived from the Flint Hills. Gentle intermittent uplift stimulated the system system to cut down, locally removing and reworking the gravels to create stream-terrace deposits that consist mostly of chert pebbles, which now lie well above the floodplains of modern streams. By correlating the elevations of these gravels, the gradients of the trunk streams that deposited them can be reconstructed. Interestingly, these ancient streams flowed southeast at a little more than a foot per mile (0.2 m/km), roughly the same as the gradient of the trunk streams in the region today. The evolving landscape in eastern Kansas also has been strongly influenced by an extensive network of fractures that is widespread in the midcontinent region and may be worldwide in extent. In northeastern Kansas, glaciation during the Pleistocene disrupted the southeasterly drainage and established the present location of the Kansas River. South of the Kansas River and its immediate tributaries, however, the general southeasterly drainage has been preserved. We have made use of the wealth of topographic-elevation data now available in digital form known as DEMs or digital elevation models. Coupled with GIS procedures, the DEMs helped link the mapped distribution of chert gravels with hypothetical fitted surfaces that represent ancient stream gradients. Furthermore, DEM data placed in shaded-relief map form emphasize the influence of fractures in evolution of the drainage system.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Current Research in Earth Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Harbaugh, J., Merriam, D.F., and Howard, H., 2007, Reconstructing late Cenozoic stream gradients from high-level chert gravels in central Eastern Kansas: Current Research in Earth Sciences, v. 253, no. 2.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240018,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"253","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a24fe4b0e8fec6cdb56b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harbaugh, J.W.","contributorId":43912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harbaugh","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Merriam, D. F.","contributorId":63175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merriam","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Howard, H.H.","contributorId":74256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"H.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031291,"text":"70031291 - 2007 - Basin structure beneath the Santa Rosa Plain, Northern California: Implications for damage caused by the 1969 Santa Rosa and 1906 San Francisco earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-24T11:14:44.764366","indexId":"70031291","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Basin structure beneath the Santa Rosa Plain, Northern California: Implications for damage caused by the 1969 Santa Rosa and 1906 San Francisco earthquakes","docAbstract":"

Regional gravity data in the northern San Francisco Bay region reflect a complex basin configuration beneath the Santa Rosa plain that likely contributed to the significant damage to the city of Santa Rosa caused by the 1969 M 5.6, 5.7 Santa Rosa earthquakes and the 1906 M 7.9 San Francisco earthquake. Inversion of these data indicates that the Santa Rosa plain is underlain by two sedimentary basins about 2 km deep separated by the Trenton Ridge, a shallow west-northwest-striking bedrock ridge west of Santa Rosa. The city of Santa Rosa is situated above the 2- km-wide protruding northeast corner of the southern basin where damage from both the 1969 and 1906 earthquakes was concentrated. Ground-motion simulations of the 1969 and 1906 earthquakes, two events with opposing azimuths, using the gravity- defined basin surface, show enhanced ground motions along the northeastern edge of this corner, suggesting that basin-edge effects contributed to the concentration of shaking damage in this area in the past and may also contribute to strong shaking during future earthquakes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120060269","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"McPhee, D., Langenheim, V., Hartzell, S., McLaughlin, R.J., Aagaard, B.T., Jachens, R., and McCabe, C., 2007, Basin structure beneath the Santa Rosa Plain, Northern California: Implications for damage caused by the 1969 Santa Rosa and 1906 San Francisco earthquakes: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 97, no. 5, p. 1449-1457, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120060269.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1449","endPage":"1457","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489798,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0120060269","text":"External Repository"},{"id":239646,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Rosa Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.88345336914062,\n 38.57286386289748\n ],\n [\n -122.79693603515624,\n 38.576084772796115\n ],\n [\n -122.67745971679688,\n 38.55783104069692\n ],\n [\n -122.54562377929686,\n 38.48154475346391\n ],\n [\n -122.51266479492188,\n 38.41271038284709\n ],\n [\n -122.51678466796874,\n 38.329807044201374\n ],\n [\n -122.6019287109375,\n 38.285624966683756\n ],\n [\n -122.7008056640625,\n 38.257593120395356\n ],\n [\n -122.82302856445312,\n 38.25004423627535\n ],\n [\n -122.91641235351562,\n 38.32226566803644\n ],\n [\n -122.96997070312499,\n 38.43315243882766\n ],\n [\n -122.96722412109374,\n 38.48369476951686\n ],\n [\n -122.88345336914062,\n 38.57286386289748\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"97","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059efeee4b0c8380cd4a50b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McPhee, D.K.","contributorId":96775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPhee","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langenheim, V.E. 0000-0003-2170-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":54956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"V.E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":430916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hartzell, S.","contributorId":12603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartzell","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McLaughlin, R. J. 0000-0002-4390-2288","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4390-2288","contributorId":107271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"R.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Aagaard, Brad T. 0000-0002-8795-9833 baagaard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8795-9833","contributorId":192869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aagaard","given":"Brad","email":"baagaard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":430915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jachens, R.C.","contributorId":55433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McCabe, C.","contributorId":77431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70031297,"text":"70031297 - 2007 - Paleomagnetic and mineral magnetic constraints on Zn-Pb ore genesis in the Pend Oreille Mine, Metaline district, Washington, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:14","indexId":"70031297","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1168,"text":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleomagnetic and mineral magnetic constraints on Zn-Pb ore genesis in the Pend Oreille Mine, Metaline district, Washington, USA","docAbstract":"Zinc-lead mineralization in the Metaline mining district of northeastern Washington, USA, is hosted by the Cambrian Metaline Formation and is classified into Yellowhead-type (YO) and Josephine-type (JO) ore based on texture and mineralogy. Paleomagnetic results are reported for four Cambrian Metaline Formation sites, one Ordovician Ledbetter slate site, 12 YO and 13 JO (including two breccia sites) mineralization sites in the Pend Oreille Mine, and eight sites from the nearby Cretaceous Kaniksu granite batholith. Thermal and alternating field step demagnetization, saturation isothermal remanence analysis, and synthetic specimen tests show that the remanence in the host carbonates and Zn-Pb mineralization is carried mostly by pseudosingle (PSD) to single domain (SD) pyrrhotite and mostly by PSD to SD magnetite in the Kaniksu granite. Based on thermomagnetic measurements, sphalerite and galena concentrates and tailings from the mine's mill contain hexagonal and monoclimc pyrrhotite. The postfolding characteristic remanent magnetization (ChRM), known thermal data, and paleoarc method of dating suggest that the Zn-Pb mineralization carries a primary chemical remanent magnetization (CRM), and Metaline Formation carbonates a secondary CRM that were acquired during the Middle Jurassic (166 ??6 Ma) during the waning stages of the Nevadan orogeny. A paleomagnetic breccia test favours a solution-collapse origin for the Josephine breccia. Finally, the Kaniksu paleopole is concordant with the North American Cretaceous reference paleopole, suggesting the Kootenay terrane has not been rotated since emplacement of the batholith at ???94 Ma. ?? 2007 NRC Canada.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/E07-056","issn":"00084077","usgsCitation":"Pannalal, S., Symons, D.T., and Leach, D.L., 2007, Paleomagnetic and mineral magnetic constraints on Zn-Pb ore genesis in the Pend Oreille Mine, Metaline district, Washington, USA: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 44, no. 12, p. 1661-1673, https://doi.org/10.1139/E07-056.","startPage":"1661","endPage":"1673","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239748,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212285,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/E07-056"}],"volume":"44","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7403e4b0c8380cd773b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pannalal, S.J.","contributorId":78935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pannalal","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Symons, David T. A.","contributorId":26824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Symons","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"T. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leach, D. L.","contributorId":18758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leach","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031298,"text":"70031298 - 2007 - Prime candidate earth targets for the post-launch radiometric calibration of space-based optical imaging instruments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-17T16:56:50.118149","indexId":"70031298","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Prime candidate earth targets for the post-launch radiometric calibration of space-based optical imaging instruments","docAbstract":"This paper provides a comprehensive list of prime candidate terrestrial targets for consideration as benchmark sites for the post-launch radiometric calibration of space-based instruments. The key characteristics of suitable sites are outlined primarily with respect to selection criteria, spatial uniformity, and temporal stability. The establishment and utilization of such benchmark sites is considered an important element of the radiometric traceability of satellite image data products for use in the accurate monitoring of environmental change.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Earth Observing Systems XII","conferenceDate":"Aug 26-28, 2007","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA","language":"English","publisher":"SPIE","doi":"10.1117/12.733156","usgsCitation":"Teillet, P., Barsi, J., Chander, G., and Thome, K.J., 2007, Prime candidate earth targets for the post-launch radiometric calibration of space-based optical imaging instruments, in Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, v. 6677, San Diego, CA, Aug 26-28, 2007, 66770S, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.733156.","productDescription":"66770S","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239749,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6677","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8b9fe4b0c8380cd7e2b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Teillet, P.M.","contributorId":23717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teillet","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barsi, J. A.","contributorId":24085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barsi","given":"J. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chander, G.","contributorId":51449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chander","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thome, K. J.","contributorId":88099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thome","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031311,"text":"70031311 - 2007 - Predicting wetland plant community responses to proposed water-level-regulation plans for Lake Ontario: GIS-based modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-28T13:47:36","indexId":"70031311","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting wetland plant community responses to proposed water-level-regulation plans for Lake Ontario: GIS-based modeling","docAbstract":"

Integrated, GIS-based, wetland predictive models were constructed to assist in predicting the responses of wetland plant communities to proposed new water-level regulation plans for Lake Ontario. The modeling exercise consisted of four major components: 1) building individual site wetland geometric models; 2) constructing generalized wetland geometric models representing specific types of wetlands (rectangle model for drowned river mouth wetlands, half ring model for open embayment wetlands, half ellipse model for protected embayment wetlands, and ellipse model for barrier beach wetlands); 3) assigning wetland plant profiles to the generalized wetland geometric models that identify associations between past flooding / dewatering events and the regulated water-level changes of a proposed water-level-regulation plan; and 4) predicting relevant proportions of wetland plant communities and the time durations during which they would be affected under proposed regulation plans. Based on this conceptual foundation, the predictive models were constructed using bathymetric and topographic wetland models and technical procedures operating on the platform of ArcGIS. An example of the model processes and outputs for the drowned river mouth wetland model using a test regulation plan illustrates the four components and, when compared against other test regulation plans, provided results that met ecological expectations. The model results were also compared to independent data collected by photointerpretation. Although data collections were not directly comparable, the predicted extent of meadow marsh in years in which photographs were taken was significantly correlated with extent of mapped meadow marsh in all but barrier beach wetlands. The predictive model for wetland plant communities provided valuable input into International Joint Commission deliberations on new regulation plans and was also incorporated into faunal predictive models used for that purpose.

","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","doi":"10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[751:PWPCRT]2.0.CO;2","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Wilcox, D., and Xie, Y., 2007, Predicting wetland plant community responses to proposed water-level-regulation plans for Lake Ontario: GIS-based modeling: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 33, no. 4, p. 751-773, https://doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[751:PWPCRT]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"751","endPage":"773","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477141,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12648/2290","text":"External Repository"},{"id":239951,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212461,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[751:PWPCRT]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"33","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a81e1e4b0c8380cd7b7a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilcox, D.A.","contributorId":55382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcox","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xie, Y.","contributorId":107917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xie","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031321,"text":"70031321 - 2007 - Estimating trend precision and power to detect trends across grouped count data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:07","indexId":"70031321","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating trend precision and power to detect trends across grouped count data","docAbstract":"Ecologists commonly use grouped or clustered count data to estimate temporal trends in counts, abundance indices, or abundance. For example, the U.S. Breeding Bird Survey data represent multiple counts of birds from within each of multiple, spatially defined routes. Despite a reliance on grouped counts, analytical methods for prospectively estimating precision of trend estimates or statistical power to detect trends that explicitly acknowledge the characteristics of grouped count data are undescribed. These characteristics include the fact that the sampling variance is an increasing function of the mean, and that sampling and group-level variance estimates are generally estimated on different scales (the sampling and log scales, respectively). We address these issues for repeated sampling of a single population using an analytical approach that has the flavor of a generalized linear mixed model, specifically that of a negative binomial-distributed count variable with random group effects. The count mean, including grand intercept, trend, and random group effects, is modeled linearly on the log scale, while sampling variance of the mean is estimated on the log scale via the delta method. Results compared favorably with those derived using Monte Carlo simulations. For example, at trend = 5% per temporal unit, differences in standard errors and in power were modest relative to those estimated by simulation (???|11|% and ???|16|%, respectively), with relative differences among power estimates decreasing to ???|7|% when power estimated by simulations was ???0.50. Similar findings were obtained using data from nine surveys of fingernail clams in the Mississippi River. The proposed method is suggested (1) where simulations are not practical and relative precision or power is desired, or (2) when multiple precision or power calculations are required and where the accuracy of a fraction of those calculations will be confirmed using simulations. ?? 2007 by the Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/06-1714.1","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"Gray, B., and Burlew, M., 2007, Estimating trend precision and power to detect trends across grouped count data: Ecology, v. 88, no. 9, p. 2364-2372, https://doi.org/10.1890/06-1714.1.","startPage":"2364","endPage":"2372","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212614,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/06-1714.1"},{"id":240128,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b6ae4b0c8380cd526f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, B. R. 0000-0001-7682-9550","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7682-9550","contributorId":14785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"B. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burlew, M.M.","contributorId":69784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burlew","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031322,"text":"70031322 - 2007 - Highstand fans in the California borderland: The overlooked deep-water depositional systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-26T12:01:19.203508","indexId":"70031322","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Highstand fans in the California borderland: The overlooked deep-water depositional systems","docAbstract":"

Contrary to widely used sequence-stratigraphic models, lowstand fans are only part of the turbidite depositional record; our analysis reveals that a comparable volume of coarse-grained sediment has been deposited in California borderland deep-water basins regardless of sea level. Sedimentation rates and periods of active sediment transport have been determined for deep-water canyon-channel systems contributing to the southeastern Gulf of Santa Catalina and San Diego Trough since 40 ka using an extensive grid of high-resolution and deep-penetration seismic-reflection data. A regional seismic-reflection horizon (40 ka) has been correlated across the study area using radiocarbon age dates from the Mohole borehole and U.S. Geological Survey piston cores. This study focused on the submarine fans fed by the Oceanside, Carlsbad, and La Jolla Canyons, all of which head within the length of the Ocean-side littoral cell. The Oceanside Canyon–channel system was active from 45 to 13 ka, and the Carlsbad system was active from 50 (or earlier) to 10 ka. The La Jolla system was active over two periods, from 50 (or earlier) to 40 ka, and from 13 ka to the present. One or more of these canyon-channel systems have been active regardless of sea level. During sea-level fluctuation, shelf width between the canyon head and the littoral zone is the primary control on canyon-channel system activity. Highstand fan deposition occurs when a majority of the sediment within the Oceanside littoral cell is intercepted by one of the canyon heads, currently La Jolla Canyon. Since 40 ka, the sedimentation rate on the La Jolla highstand fan has been >2 times the combined rates on the Oceanside and Carlsbad lowstand fans.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/G23800A.1","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Covault, J.A., Normark, W.R., Romans, B.W., and Graham, S.A., 2007, Highstand fans in the California borderland: The overlooked deep-water depositional systems: Geology, v. 35, no. 9, p. 783-786, https://doi.org/10.1130/G23800A.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"783","endPage":"786","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240129,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.41,32.53 ], [ -124.41,42.01 ], [ -114.13,42.01 ], [ -114.13,32.53 ], [ -124.41,32.53 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"35","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a314ae4b0c8380cd5ddd0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Covault, Jacob A.","contributorId":35951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Covault","given":"Jacob","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Normark, William R.","contributorId":69570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Normark","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Romans, Brian W.","contributorId":40426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romans","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Graham, Stephan A.","contributorId":45902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Stephan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031325,"text":"70031325 - 2007 - Sexual selection in the squirrel treefrog Hyla squirella: the role of multimodal cue assessment in female choice","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-08T10:43:22","indexId":"70031325","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":770,"text":"Animal Behaviour","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sexual selection in the squirrel treefrog Hyla squirella: the role of multimodal cue assessment in female choice","docAbstract":"Anuran amphibians have provided an excellent system for the study of animal communication and sexual selection. Studies of female mate choice in anurans, however, have focused almost exclusively on the role of auditory signals. In this study, we examined the effect of both auditory and visual cues on female choice in the squirrel treefrog. Our experiments used a two-choice protocol in which we varied male vocalization properties, visual cues, or both, to assess female preferences for the different cues. Females discriminated against high-frequency calls and expressed a strong preference for calls that contained more energy per unit time (faster call rate). Females expressed a preference for the visual stimulus of a model of a calling male when call properties at the two speakers were held the same. They also showed a significant attraction to a model possessing a relatively large lateral body stripe. These data indicate that visual cues do play a role in mate attraction in this nocturnal frog species. Furthermore, this study adds to a growing body of evidence that suggests that multimodal signals play an important role in sexual selection.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Animal Behaviour","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.anbehav.2007.03.010","issn":"00033472","usgsCitation":"Taylor, R.C., Buchanan, B.W., and Doherty, J.L., 2007, Sexual selection in the squirrel treefrog Hyla squirella: the role of multimodal cue assessment in female choice: Animal Behaviour, v. 74, no. 6, p. 1753-1763, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2007.03.010.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1753","endPage":"1763","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":212645,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2007.03.010"},{"id":240164,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"74","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8dc1e4b08c986b318549","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, Ryan C.","contributorId":20550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buchanan, Bryant W.","contributorId":30041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buchanan","given":"Bryant","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Doherty, Jessie L.","contributorId":37960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doherty","given":"Jessie","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031326,"text":"70031326 - 2007 - Faunal re-evaluation of Mid-Pliocene conditions in the western equatorial Pacific","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-27T15:25:54","indexId":"70031326","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2735,"text":"Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Faunal re-evaluation of Mid-Pliocene conditions in the western equatorial Pacific","docAbstract":"Mid-Pliocene low-latitude Pacific faunal (planktic foraminifer) sea surface temperature (SST) estimates are normally based upon the Modern Analog Technique (MAT). In the Eastern equatorial Pacific (EEP), where upwelling of cool water predominates, MAT can be used to discern both cooling and warming in Neogene records. SST today is ???30??C in the western equatorial Pacific (WEP) warm pool, the upper limit of the modern calibration data, and past warming above that level is difficult to assess using faunal methods. Mid-Pliocene fossil samples from the WEP have been analyzed using several variations of MAT with different outcomes and associated levels of confidence. While SST above ???30??C in the WEP during the mid-Pliocene cannot be ruled out due to the limitations of the method, temperatures this warm seem unlikely. In addition to the mid-Pliocene, planktic foraminifer assemblages from the coretop, last glacial maximum, last interglacial and the penultimate glacial (Marine Isotope Stage 6) show striking similarity to each other which suggests little to no change in the region between times of global climate extremes. There is generally good agreement between the Mg/Ca paleothermometer and MAT derived faunal SST estimates. Both suggest stability of the WEP warm pool.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Micropaleontology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","doi":"10.2113/gsmicropal.53.6.447","issn":"00262803","usgsCitation":"Dowsett, H., 2007, Faunal re-evaluation of Mid-Pliocene conditions in the western equatorial Pacific: Micropaleontology, v. 53, no. 6, p. 447-456, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsmicropal.53.6.447.","startPage":"447","endPage":"456","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239615,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268484,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsmicropal.53.6.447"}],"volume":"53","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-08-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f2ce4b0c8380cd537e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dowsett, H.","contributorId":44303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70031329,"text":"70031329 - 2007 - Distinguishing wild vs. stocked lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in Lake Ontario: Evidence from carbon and oxygen stable isotope values of otoliths","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-28T13:38:13","indexId":"70031329","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distinguishing wild vs. stocked lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in Lake Ontario: Evidence from carbon and oxygen stable isotope values of otoliths","docAbstract":"

We investigated the potential for using carbon and oxygen isotope values of otolith carbonate as a method to distinguish naturally produced (wild) lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) from hatchery-reared lake trout in Lake Ontario. We determined δ 13C(CaCO3) and δ 18O(CaCO3) values of otoliths from juvenile fish taken from two hatcheries, and of otoliths from wild yearlings. Clear differences in isotope values were observed between the three groups. Subsequently we examined otoliths from large marked and unmarked fish captured in the lake, determining isotope values for regions of the otolith corresponding to the first year of life. Marked (i.e., stocked) fish showed isotope ratios similar to one of the hatchery groups, whereas unmarked fish, (wild fish or stocked fish that lost the mark) showed isotope ratios similar either to one of the hatchery groups or to the wild group. We interpret these data to suggest that carbon and oxygen isotope values can be used to determine the origin of lake trout in Lake Ontario, if a catalogue of characteristic isotope values from all candidate years and hatcheries is compiled.

","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","doi":"10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[912:DWVSLT]2.0.CO;2","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Schaner, T., Patterson, W., Lantry, B., and O'Gorman, R., 2007, Distinguishing wild vs. stocked lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in Lake Ontario: Evidence from carbon and oxygen stable isotope values of otoliths: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 33, no. 4, p. 912-916, https://doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[912:DWVSLT]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"912","endPage":"916","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239648,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212198,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[912:DWVSLT]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"33","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0253e4b0c8380cd4ffe1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schaner, T.","contributorId":12821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaner","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Patterson, W.P.","contributorId":94858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patterson","given":"W.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lantry, B.F.","contributorId":19105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lantry","given":"B.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O'Gorman, R.","contributorId":48896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Gorman","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031334,"text":"70031334 - 2007 - Evaluation of a small beach nourishment project to enhance habitat suitability for horseshoe crabs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:10","indexId":"70031334","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of a small beach nourishment project to enhance habitat suitability for horseshoe crabs","docAbstract":"This field study evaluates the effect of nourishing an estuarine beach with gravel to enhance spawning rates by horseshoe crabs. A total of 564??m3 of coarse sand and gravel were emplaced in two 90??m-long treatment segments at Bowers Beach, Delaware, USA from 9 to 11 April 2002. Field data were gathered between 6 April and 24 May 2002 to characterize the two fill segments and the un-nourished segments between them as well as two control segments at the adjacent Ted Harvey Beach. Sediment samples were taken from the foreshore surface and at depth before and after the nourishment. Bay water levels, wave heights, and beach ground water characteristics were monitored over a 12-hour tidal cycle at one of the nourished (15 May 2002) and the unnourished segment (16 May 2002) at Bowers Beach and at one of the control segments at Ted Harvey Beach (21 May 2002) using piezometers and pressure transducers inserted in wells. The beaches were cored to estimate the density of horseshoe crab eggs deposited during the spawning season. Horseshoe crab eggs were buried in pouches at 0.15 to 0.20??m depth for 30 to 40??days to evaluate their survival in developing into embryo or larval stage. Bulk sediment samples were taken to evaluate moisture characteristics near locations where egg pouches were buried. Density of spawning females at Bowers Beach was 1.04??m- 2 in 2001 and 1.20??m- 2 in 2002. These rates are lower than at Ted Harvey Beach but reveal an increase in spawning while Ted Harvey Beach underwent a considerable decrease (2.63??m- 2 to 1.35??m- 2). Sediments low on the foreshore remained nearly saturated throughout the tidal cycle at both beaches. The average hydraulic conductivity on the upper foreshore at the non-treatment section at Bowers Beach (0.19??cm s- 1) was less than at Ted Harvey Beach (0.27??cm s- 1), and the finer, better sorted sediments at depth at Bowers Beach resulted in a higher porosity, creating greater moisture retention potential. Egg development was greatest at mid foreshore at all sites. Eggs at the lower foreshore elevation remained viable, but did not develop to the embryo stage. Between-beach differences were limited to high elevations where higher mortality occurred at Ted Harvey Beach due to desiccation. Adding small amounts of gravel to a sand beach may change the appearance of the surface but may not appreciably increase mean grain size and sorting at depth or the hydraulic conductivity over the spawning season. The pebble fraction may be important for site selection, but finer sizes may be more important for egg survival because of moisture retention. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geomorphology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.07.017","issn":"0169555X","usgsCitation":"Jackson, N., Smith, D., Tiyarattanachai, R., and Nordstrom, K., 2007, Evaluation of a small beach nourishment project to enhance habitat suitability for horseshoe crabs: Geomorphology, v. 89, no. 1-2 SPEC. ISS., p. 172-185, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.07.017.","startPage":"172","endPage":"185","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212258,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.07.017"},{"id":239719,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"1-2 SPEC. ISS.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0c39e4b0c8380cd52aa9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jackson, N.L.","contributorId":104189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"N.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, D. R. 0000-0001-6074-9257","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":44108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D. R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":431089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tiyarattanachai, R.","contributorId":65285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiyarattanachai","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nordstrom, K.F.","contributorId":17733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"K.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031335,"text":"70031335 - 2007 - Home ranges and habitat use of sloth bears Melursus ursinus inornatus in Wasgomuwa National Park, Sri Lanka","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:14","indexId":"70031335","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3766,"text":"Wildlife Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Home ranges and habitat use of sloth bears Melursus ursinus inornatus in Wasgomuwa National Park, Sri Lanka","docAbstract":"We studied home ranges and habitat selection of 10 adult sloth bears Melursus ursinus inornatus at Wasgomuwa National Park, Sri Lanka during 2002-2003. Very little is known about the ecology and behaviour of M. u. inornatus, which is a subspecies found in Sri Lanka. Our study was undertaken to assess space and habitat requirements typical of a viable population of M. u. inornatus to facilitate future conservation efforts. We captured and radio-collared 10 adult sloth bears and used the telemetry data to assess home-range size and habitat use. Mean 95% fixed kernel home ranges were 2.2 km2 (SE = 0.61) and 3.8 km2 (SE = 1.01) for adult females and males, respectively. Although areas outside the national park were accessible to bears, home ranges were almost exclusively situated within the national park boundaries. Within the home ranges, high forests were used more and abandoned agricultural fields (chenas) were used less than expected based on availability. Our estimates of home-range size are among the smallest reported for any species of bear. Thus, despite its relatively small size, Wasgomuwa National Park may support a sizeable population of sloth bears. The restriction of human activity within protected areas may be necessary for long-term viability of sloth bear populations in Sri Lanka as is maintenance of forest or scrub cover in areas with existing sloth bear populations and along potential travel corridors. ?? Wildlife Biology 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2981/0909-6396(2007)13[272:HRAHUO]2.0.CO;2","issn":"09096396","usgsCitation":"Ratnayeke, S., Van Manen, F., and Padmalal, U., 2007, Home ranges and habitat use of sloth bears Melursus ursinus inornatus in Wasgomuwa National Park, Sri Lanka: Wildlife Biology, v. 13, no. 3, p. 272-284, https://doi.org/10.2981/0909-6396(2007)13[272:HRAHUO]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"272","endPage":"284","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477182,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2981/0909-6396(2007)13[272:hrahuo]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":239750,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212287,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2981/0909-6396(2007)13[272:HRAHUO]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"13","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a320be4b0c8380cd5e495","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ratnayeke, S.","contributorId":33921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratnayeke","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Manen, F.T.","contributorId":45241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Manen","given":"F.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Padmalal, U.K.G.K.","contributorId":9859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Padmalal","given":"U.K.G.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031336,"text":"70031336 - 2007 - Homogeneity of the geochemical reference material BRP-1 (paraná basin basalt) and assessment of minimum mass","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-06T09:43:33","indexId":"70031336","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1822,"text":"Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Homogeneity of the geochemical reference material BRP-1 (paraná basin basalt) and assessment of minimum mass","docAbstract":"

Reference materials (RM) are required for quantitative analyses and their successful use is associated with the degree of homogeneity, and the traceability and confidence limits of the values established by characterisation. During the production of a RM, the chemical characterisation can only commence after it has been demonstrated that the material has the required level of homogeneity. Here we describe the preparation of BRP-1, a proposed geochemical reference material, and the results of the tests to evaluate its degree of homogeneity between and within bottles. BRP-1 is the first of two geochemical RM being produced by Brazilian institutions in collaboration with the United States Geological Survey (USGS) and the International Association of Geoanalysts (IAG). Two test portions of twenty bottles of BRP-1 were analysed by wavelength dispersive-XRF spectrometry and major, minor and eighteen trace elements were determined. The results show that for most of the investigated elements, the units of BRP-1 were homogeneous at conditions approximately three times more rigorous than those strived for by the test of “sufficient homogeneity”. Furthermore, the within bottle homogeneity of BRP-1 was evaluated using small beam (1 mm2) synchrotron radiation XRF spectrometry and, for comparison, the USGS reference materials BCR-2 and GSP-2 were also evaluated. From our data, it has been possible to assign representative minimum masses for some major constituents (1 mg) and for some trace elements (1-13 mg), except Zr in GSP-2, for which test portions of 74 mg are recommended.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1111/j.1751-908X.2007.00111.x","issn":"16394488","usgsCitation":"Cotta, A.J., Enzweiler, J., Wilson, S.A., Perez, C.A., Nardy, A.J., and Larizzatti, J.H., 2007, Homogeneity of the geochemical reference material BRP-1 (paraná basin basalt) and assessment of minimum mass: Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, v. 31, no. 4, p. 379-393, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-908X.2007.00111.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"379","endPage":"393","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239751,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212288,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-908X.2007.00111.x"}],"country":"Brazil","state":"Sao Paulo","city":"Ribeirao Preto","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -35.45013427734375,\n -8.553861881323053\n ],\n [\n -35.45013427734375,\n -8.43569632034908\n ],\n [\n -35.299072265625,\n -8.43569632034908\n ],\n [\n -35.299072265625,\n -8.553861881323053\n ],\n [\n -35.45013427734375,\n -8.553861881323053\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-11-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3213e4b0c8380cd5e4d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cotta, Aloisio J. B.","contributorId":106715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cotta","given":"Aloisio","email":"","middleInitial":"J. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Enzweiler, Jacinta","contributorId":31579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enzweiler","given":"Jacinta","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, Stephen A. 0000-0002-9468-0005 swilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9468-0005","contributorId":1617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Stephen","email":"swilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":431096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Perez, Carlos A.","contributorId":94099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perez","given":"Carlos","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nardy, Antonio J. R.","contributorId":98114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nardy","given":"Antonio","email":"","middleInitial":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Larizzatti, Joao H.","contributorId":12693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larizzatti","given":"Joao","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70031338,"text":"70031338 - 2007 - Monitoring and modeling ice-rock avalanches from ice-capped volcanoes: A case study of frequent large avalanches on Iliamna Volcano, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:14","indexId":"70031338","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring and modeling ice-rock avalanches from ice-capped volcanoes: A case study of frequent large avalanches on Iliamna Volcano, Alaska","docAbstract":"Iliamna is an andesitic stratovolcano of the Aleutian arc with regular gas and steam emissions and mantled by several large glaciers. Iliamna Volcano exhibits an unusual combination of frequent and large ice-rock avalanches in the order of 1 ?? 106??m3 to 3 ?? 107??m3 with recent return periods of 2-4??years. We have reconstructed an avalanche event record for the past 45??years that indicates Iliamna avalanches occur at higher frequency at a given magnitude than other mass failures in volcanic and alpine environments. Iliamna Volcano is thus an ideal site to study such mass failures and its relation to volcanic activity. In this study, we present different methods that fit into a concept of (1) long-term monitoring, (2) early warning, and (3) event documentation and analysis of ice-rock avalanches on ice-capped active volcanoes. Long-term monitoring methods include seismic signal analysis, and space-and airborne observations. Landsat and ASTER satellite data was used to study the extent of hydrothermally altered rocks and surface thermal anomalies at the summit region of Iliamna. Subpixel heat source calculation for the summit regions where avalanches initiate yielded temperatures of 307 to 613??K assuming heat source areas of 1000 to 25??m2, respectively, indicating strong convective heat flux processes. Such heat flow causes ice melting conditions and is thus likely to reduce the strength at the base of the glacier. We furthermore demonstrate typical seismic records of Iliamna avalanches with rarely observed precursory signals up to two hours prior to failure, and show how such signals could be used for a multi-stage avalanche warning system in the future. For event analysis and documentation, space- and airborne observations and seismic records in combination with SRTM and ASTER derived terrain data allowed us to reconstruct avalanche dynamics and to identify remarkably similar failure and propagation mechanisms of Iliamna avalanches for the past 45??years. Simple avalanche flow modeling was able to reasonably replicate Iliamna avalanches and can thus be applied for hazard assessments. Hazards at Iliamna Volcano are low due to its remote location; however, we emphasize the transfer potential of the methods presented here to other ice-capped volcanoes with much higher hazards such as those in the Cascades or the Andes. ?? 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2007.08.009","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Huggel, C., Caplan-Auerbach, J., Waythomas, C.F., and Wessels, R., 2007, Monitoring and modeling ice-rock avalanches from ice-capped volcanoes: A case study of frequent large avalanches on Iliamna Volcano, Alaska: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 168, no. 1-4, p. 114-136, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2007.08.009.","startPage":"114","endPage":"136","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239784,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212318,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2007.08.009"}],"volume":"168","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5d89e4b0c8380cd70439","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huggel, C.","contributorId":89347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huggel","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caplan-Auerbach, J.","contributorId":7057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caplan-Auerbach","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Waythomas, C. F.","contributorId":10065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waythomas","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wessels, R.L.","contributorId":108281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wessels","given":"R.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031346,"text":"70031346 - 2007 - Lethal and sublethal effects of ammonia to juvenile Lampsilis mussels (Unionidae) in sediment and water-only exposures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:13","indexId":"70031346","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lethal and sublethal effects of ammonia to juvenile Lampsilis mussels (Unionidae) in sediment and water-only exposures","docAbstract":"We compared the sensitivity of two juvenile unionid mussels (Lampsilis cardium and Lampsilis higginsii) to ammonia in 96-h water-only and sediment tests by use of mortality and growth measurements. Twenty mussels were placed in chambers buried 2.5 cm into reference sediments to approximate pore-water exposure (sediment tests) or elevated above the bottom of the experimental units (water-only tests). In the sediment tests, a pH gradient existed between the overlying water (mean 8.0), sediment-water interface (mean 7.7), and 2.5 cm depth (mean 7.4). We assumed that mussels were exposed to ammonia in pore water and report effect concentrations in pore water, but if they were exposed to the higher pH water, more of the ammonia would be in the toxic un-ionized (NH 3) form. The only differences in toxicity and growth between mussel species occurred in some of the water-only tests. In sediment tests, median lethal concentrations (LC50s) ranged from 124 to 125 ??g NH3-N/L. In water-only tests, LC50s ranged from 157 to 372 ??g NH3-N/L. In sediment tests, median effective concentrations (EC50s based on growth) ranged from 30 to 32 ??g NH3-N/L. Juvenile mussels in the water-only tests grew poorly and did not exhibit a dose-response relation. These data demonstrate that growth is a sensitive and valuable endpoint for studies on ammonia toxicity with juvenile freshwater mussels and that growth should be measured via sediment tests. ?? 2007 SETAC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1897/06-245R.1","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Newton, T., and Bartsch, M., 2007, Lethal and sublethal effects of ammonia to juvenile Lampsilis mussels (Unionidae) in sediment and water-only exposures: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 26, no. 10, p. 2057-2065, https://doi.org/10.1897/06-245R.1.","startPage":"2057","endPage":"2065","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212463,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1897/06-245R.1"},{"id":239953,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4661e4b0c8380cd67627","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Newton, T.J.","contributorId":104428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bartsch, M.R.","contributorId":42908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartsch","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031352,"text":"70031352 - 2007 - Stability and uncertainty of finite-fault slip inversions: Application to the 2004 Parkfield, California, earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-27T14:16:57","indexId":"70031352","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stability and uncertainty of finite-fault slip inversions: Application to the 2004 Parkfield, California, earthquake","docAbstract":"

The 2004 Parkfield, California, earthquake is used to investigate stability and uncertainty aspects of the finite-fault slip inversion problem with different a priori model assumptions. We utilize records from 54 strong ground motion stations and 13 continuous, 1-Hz sampled, geodetic instruments. Two inversion procedures are compared: a linear least-squares subfault-based methodology and a nonlinear global search algorithm. These two methods encompass a wide range of the different approaches that have been used to solve the finite-fault slip inversion problem. For the Parkfield earthquake and the inversion of velocity or displacement waveforms, near-surface related site response (top 100 m, frequencies above 1 Hz) is shown to not significantly affect the solution. Results are also insensitive to selection of slip rate functions with similar duration and to subfault size if proper stabilizing constraints are used. The linear and nonlinear formulations yield consistent results when the same limitations in model parameters are in place and the same inversion norm is used. However, the solution is sensitive to the choice of inversion norm, the bounds on model parameters, such as rake and rupture velocity, and the size of the model fault plane. The geodetic data set for Parkfield gives a slip distribution different from that of the strong-motion data, which may be due to the spatial limitation of the geodetic stations and the bandlimited nature of the strong-motion data. Cross validation and the bootstrap method are used to set limits on the upper bound for rupture velocity and to derive mean slip models and standard deviations in model parameters. This analysis shows that slip on the northwestern half of the Parkfield rupture plane from the inversion of strong-motion data is model dependent and has a greater uncertainty than slip near the hypocenter.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Stanford","doi":"10.1785/0120070080","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Hartzell, S., Liu, P., Mendoza, C., Ji, C., and Larson, K., 2007, Stability and uncertainty of finite-fault slip inversions: Application to the 2004 Parkfield, California, earthquake: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 97, no. 6, p. 1911-1934, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120070080.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"1911","endPage":"1934","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240060,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212559,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120070080"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Parkfield","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.750732421875,\n 35.84230806912384\n ],\n [\n -120.69854736328125,\n 35.725332497303015\n ],\n [\n -120.64773559570311,\n 35.66399091134812\n ],\n [\n -120.36758422851561,\n 35.649485098277204\n ],\n [\n -120.16708374023438,\n 35.715298012125295\n ],\n [\n -120.16708374023438,\n 35.84564769832635\n ],\n [\n -120.24948120117188,\n 35.97800618085568\n ],\n [\n -120.33462524414061,\n 36.061311571582486\n ],\n [\n -120.49667358398438,\n 36.12900165569652\n ],\n [\n -120.65322875976562,\n 36.12456474813333\n ],\n [\n -120.79055786132812,\n 36.07907198829112\n ],\n [\n -120.80291748046874,\n 35.94910642813857\n ],\n [\n -120.750732421875,\n 35.84230806912384\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"97","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b964be4b08c986b31b40c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hartzell, S.","contributorId":12603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartzell","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, P.","contributorId":98443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mendoza, C.","contributorId":82059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mendoza","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ji, C.","contributorId":31093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ji","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Larson, K.M.","contributorId":84949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70031353,"text":"70031353 - 2007 - Consequences of land-cover misclassification in models of impervious surface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-10T17:53:07.880351","indexId":"70031353","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Consequences of land-cover misclassification in models of impervious surface","docAbstract":"Model estimates of impervious area as a function of landcover area may be biased and imprecise because of errors in the land-cover classification. This investigation of the effects of land-cover misclassification on impervious surface models that use National Land Cover Data (NLCD) evaluates the consequences of adjusting land-cover within a watershed to reflect uncertainty assessment information. Model validation results indicate that using error-matrix information to adjust land-cover values used in impervious surface models does not substantially improve impervious surface predictions. Validation results indicate that the resolution of the landcover data (Level I and Level II) is more important in predicting impervious surface accurately than whether the land-cover data have been adjusted using information in the error matrix. Level I NLCD, adjusted for land-cover misclassification, is preferable to the other land-cover options for use in models of impervious surface. This result is tied to the lower classification error rates for the Level I NLCD. ?? 2007 American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.","language":"English","publisher":"ASPRS","doi":"10.14358/PERS.73.12.1343","usgsCitation":"McMahon, G., 2007, Consequences of land-cover misclassification in models of impervious surface: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 73, no. 12, p. 1343-1353, https://doi.org/10.14358/PERS.73.12.1343.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1343","endPage":"1353","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477076,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14358/pers.73.12.1343","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240061,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f9d5e4b0c8380cd4d7e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McMahon, Gerard 0000-0001-7675-777X gmcmahon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7675-777X","contributorId":191488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"Gerard","email":"gmcmahon@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":431172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70031354,"text":"70031354 - 2007 - Evaluation of sulfate reduction at experimentally induced mixing interfaces using small-scale push-pull tests in an aquifer-wetland system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-17T13:25:58","indexId":"70031354","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of sulfate reduction at experimentally induced mixing interfaces using small-scale push-pull tests in an aquifer-wetland system","docAbstract":"

This paper presents small-scale push–pull tests designed to evaluate the kinetic controls on SO42-\">SO42- reduction in situ at mixing interfaces between a wetland and aquifer impacted by landfill leachate at the Norman Landfill research site, Norman, OK. Quantifying the rates of redox reactions initiated at interfaces is of great interest because interfaces have been shown to be zones of increased biogeochemical transformations and thus may play an important role in natural attenuation. To mimic the aquifer–wetland interface and evaluate reaction rates, SO42-\">SO42--rich anaerobic aquifer water (∼100mg/LSO42-)\">(∼100mg/LSO42-) was introduced into SO42-\">SO42--depleted wetland porewater via push–pull tests. Results showed SO42-\">SO42- reduction was stimulated by the mixing of these waters and first-order rate coefficients were comparable to those measured in other push–pull studies. However, rate data were complex involving either multiple first-order rate coefficients or a more complex rate order. In addition, a lag phase was observed prior to SO42-\">SO42- reduction that persisted until the mixing interface between test solution and native water was recovered, irrespective of temporal and spatial constraints. The lag phase was not eliminated by the addition of electron donor (acetate) to the injected test solution. Subsequent push–pull tests designed to elucidate the nature of the lag phase support the importance of the mixing interface in controlling terminal electron accepting processes. These data suggest redox reactions may occur rapidly at the mixing interface between injected and native waters but not in the injected bulk water mass. Under these circumstances, push–pull test data should be evaluated to ensure the apparent rate is actually a function of time and that complexities in rate data be considered.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.06.006","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Kneeshaw, T., McGuire, J., Smith, E.W., and Cozzarelli, I.M., 2007, Evaluation of sulfate reduction at experimentally induced mixing interfaces using small-scale push-pull tests in an aquifer-wetland system: Applied Geochemistry, v. 22, no. 12, p. 2618-2629, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.06.006.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2618","endPage":"2629","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240093,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212588,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.06.006"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","county":"Norman","volume":"22","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0ccce4b0c8380cd52cd5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kneeshaw, T.A.","contributorId":78552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kneeshaw","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, Jennifer T.","contributorId":53979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"Jennifer T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Erik W.","contributorId":104659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cozzarelli, Isabelle M. 0000-0002-5123-1007 icozzare@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":1693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"Isabelle","email":"icozzare@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":431175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031376,"text":"70031376 - 2007 - Investigation of the groundwater system at Masaya Caldera, Nicaragua, using transient electromagnetics and numerical simulation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:14","indexId":"70031376","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Investigation of the groundwater system at Masaya Caldera, Nicaragua, using transient electromagnetics and numerical simulation","docAbstract":"The distribution of groundwater beneath Masaya Volcano, in Nicaragua, and its surrounding caldera was characterized using the transient electromagnetic method (TEM). Multiple soundings were conducted at 30 sites. Models of the TEM data consistently indicate a resistive layer that is underlain by one or more conductive layers. These two layers represent the unsaturated and saturated zones, respectively, with the boundary between them indicating the water-table elevation. A map of the TEM data shows that the water table in the caldera is a subdued replica of the topography, with higher elevations beneath the edifice in the south-central caldera and lower elevations in the eastern caldera, coinciding with the elevation of Laguna de Masaya. These TEM data, combined with regional hydrologic data, indicate that the caldera in hydrologically isolated from the surrounding region, with as much as 60??m of difference in elevation of the groundwater table across caldera-bounding faults. The water-table information and estimates of fluxes of water through the system were used to constrain a numerical simulation of groundwater flow. The simulation results indicate that basalt flows in the outer parts of the caldera have a relatively high transmissivity, whereas the central edifice has a substantially lower transmissivity. A layer of relatively high transmissivity must be present at depth within the edifice in order to deliver the observed flux of water and steam to the active vent. This hydrologic information about the caldera provides a baseline for assessing the response of this isolated groundwater system to future changes in magmatic activity. ?? 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2007.07.016","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"MacNeil, R., Sanford, W., Connor, C., Sandberg, S., and Diez, M., 2007, Investigation of the groundwater system at Masaya Caldera, Nicaragua, using transient electromagnetics and numerical simulation: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 166, no. 3-4, p. 217-232, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2007.07.016.","startPage":"217","endPage":"232","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212407,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2007.07.016"},{"id":239887,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"166","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3ea1e4b0c8380cd63f05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacNeil, R.E.","contributorId":31981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacNeil","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sanford, W. E. 0000-0002-6624-0280","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6624-0280","contributorId":102112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"W. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Connor, C.B.","contributorId":41653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connor","given":"C.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sandberg, S.K.","contributorId":99375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandberg","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Diez, M.","contributorId":40424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diez","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}