Airport ice control products contributed to total phosphorus (TP) loadings in a study of surface water runoff at a medium-sized airport from 2015 to 2021. Eleven airport ice control products had TP concentrations from 1–807 mg L–1 in liquid formulas, while solid pavement deicer had a TP concentration of 805 mg kg–1. Product application data, formula TP concentrations, and surface water sampling results were used to estimate TP concentration and loading contributions from these ice control products to receiving streams. Airport ice control products were found to contribute to TP in 84% of the water samples collected at downstream sites during deicing events, and TP concentrations at those sites exceeded aquatic life benchmarks in 70% of samples collected during deicing. A receiving stream 6 km downstream had TP attributed to airport ice control sources in 78% of the samples. TP loadings at an upstream site and the receiving stream site were greatest during the largest runoff events as is typical in urban runoff, but this pattern was not always followed at airport outfall sites due to the influence of TP in deicer products. Products analyzed in this study are used at airports across the United States and abroad, and findings suggest that airport deicers could represent a previously unrecognized source of phosphorus to adjacent waterways.
A significant amount of the base flow of the Santa Ana River, located within California's arid Los Angeles metropolitan region, originates from two wastewater treatment facilities: the Rialto wastewater treatment facility and Rapid Infiltration and Extraction facility. The Santa Ana sucker (Pantosteus santaanae, syn. Catostomus santaanae) and arroyo chub (Gila orcuttii) are two native species listed in the Upper Santa Ana Habitat Conservation Plan, which aims to balance water supply needs with the ecological needs of native fauna. Consequently, an understanding of the habitat needs of these fishes will play a crucial role in achieving the goals outlined by the conservation plan. We used fish presence during snorkel surveys with habitat availability surveys to quantify habitat selection by both native fish species within a resource selection function analytical framework. We found that both species selected habitat near structures that could serve as refugia from potential predators. In addition, Santa Ana sucker selected habitats with high gravel and cobble substrate composition, presumably to fulfill complementary habitat needs such as foraging and spawning. Our results suggest that habitat alterations due to water management infrastructure and an increasing population size of nonnative predators may also affect native fish habitat selection in the Santa Ana River.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1894/0038-4909-67.3.192","usgsCitation":"Huntsman, B., Brown, L.R., May, J., Palenscar, K., Russell, K., Dyer, H., Wulff, M.L., Mills, B., and Jones, C., 2023, Microhabitat use of native Santa Ana sucker and arroyo chub in an effluent-dominated southern California stream: Southwestern Naturalist, v. 67, no. 3, p. 192-204, https://doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909-67.3.192.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"192","endPage":"204","ipdsId":"IP-140003","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":423135,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.48718456308515,\n 34.50109468962208\n ],\n [\n -119.48718456308515,\n 33.24233286033618\n ],\n [\n -116.24621776621026,\n 33.24233286033618\n ],\n [\n -116.24621776621026,\n 34.50109468962208\n ],\n [\n -119.48718456308515,\n 34.50109468962208\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"67","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huntsman, Brock 0000-0003-4090-1949","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4090-1949","contributorId":223101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huntsman","given":"Brock","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":269405,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":55970,"text":"USGS CAWSC (not in system - posthumous)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"May, Jason 0000-0002-5699-2112","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5699-2112","contributorId":224991,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"May","given":"Jason","affiliations":[{"id":41015,"text":"Deceased (ex-USGS)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Palenscar, Kai","contributorId":297131,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palenscar","given":"Kai","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64298,"text":"San Bernardino Valley Municipal Water District","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Russell, Kerwin","contributorId":297133,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Russell","given":"Kerwin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64299,"text":"Riverside-Corona Resource Conservation District","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dyer, Heather","contributorId":297134,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dyer","given":"Heather","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64298,"text":"San Bernardino Valley Municipal Water District","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wulff, Marissa L. 0000-0003-0121-9066","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0121-9066","contributorId":229534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wulff","given":"Marissa","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Mills, Brett","contributorId":297135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mills","given":"Brett","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64299,"text":"Riverside-Corona Resource Conservation District","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Jones, Chris","contributorId":297132,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Chris","affiliations":[{"id":64298,"text":"San Bernardino Valley Municipal Water District","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70250151,"text":"70250151 - 2023 - Isothermal recombinant polymerase amplification and CRIPSR (CAS12A) assay detection of Renibacterium salmoninarum as an example for wildlife pathogen detection in environmental DNA samples","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-22T16:25:11.322652","indexId":"70250151","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-24T10:20:03","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Isothermal recombinant polymerase amplification and CRIPSR (CAS12A) assay detection of Renibacterium salmoninarum as an example for wildlife pathogen detection in environmental DNA samples","title":"Isothermal recombinant polymerase amplification and CRIPSR (CAS12A) assay detection of Renibacterium salmoninarum as an example for wildlife pathogen detection in environmental DNA samples","docAbstract":"Improving rapid detection methods for pathogens is important for research as we collectively aim to improve the health of ecosystems globally. In the northern hemisphere, the success of salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) populations is vitally important to the larger marine, aquatic, and terrestrial ecosystems they inhabit. This has led to managers cultivating salmon in hatcheries and aquaculture to bolster their populations, but young salmon face many challenges, including diseases such as bacterial kidney disease (BKD). Early detection of the BKD causative agent, Renibacterium salmoninarum, is useful for managers to avoid outbreaks in hatcheries and aquaculture stocks to enable rapid treatment with targeted antibiotics. Isothermal amplification and CRIPSR-Cas12a systems may enable sensitive, relatively rapid, detection of target DNA molecules from environmental samples compared to quantitative PCR (qPCR) and culture methods. We used these technologies to develop a sensitive and specific rapid assay to detect R. salmoninarum from water samples using isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and an AsCas12a RNA-guided nuclease detection. The assay was specific to R. salmoninarum (0/10 co-occurring or closely related bacteria detected) and sensitive to 0.0128 pg/µL of DNA (approximately 20–40 copies/µL) within 10 min of Cas activity. This assay successfully detected R. salmoninarum environmental DNA in 14/20 water samples from hatcheries with known quantification for the pathogen via previous qPCR (70% of qPCR-positive samples). The RPA-CRISPR/AsCas12a assay had a limit of detection (LOD) of >10 copies/µL in the hatchery water samples and stochastic detection below 10 copies/µL, similar to but slightly higher than the qPCR assay. This LOD enables 37 C isothermal detection, potentially in the field, of biologically relevant levels of R. salmoninarum in water. Further research is needed to develop easy-to-use, cost-effective, sensitive RPA/CRISPR-AsCas12a assays for rapidly detecting low concentrations of wildlife pathogens in environmental samples.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/JWD-D-22-00128","usgsCitation":"D’Agnese, E., Chase, D.M., and Andruszkiewicz-Allan, E., 2023, Isothermal recombinant polymerase amplification and CRIPSR (CAS12A) assay detection of Renibacterium salmoninarum as an example for wildlife pathogen detection in environmental DNA samples: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 59, no. 4, p. 545-556, https://doi.org/10.7589/JWD-D-22-00128.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"545","endPage":"556","ipdsId":"IP-145740","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441781,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.7589/jwd-d-22-00128","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":422840,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"D’Agnese, Erin","contributorId":331720,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"D’Agnese","given":"Erin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79273,"text":"University of Washington, School of Marine and Environmental Affairs, 3737 Brooklyn Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":888579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chase, Dorothy M. 0000-0002-7759-2687","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7759-2687","contributorId":203926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chase","given":"Dorothy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":888580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andruszkiewicz-Allan, Elizabeth","contributorId":331721,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Andruszkiewicz-Allan","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79274,"text":"Wild EcoHealth LLC, Seattle, WA 98117","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":888581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70249721,"text":"70249721 - 2023 - A watershed moment for western U.S. dams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-25T12:04:00.771127","indexId":"70249721","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-24T07:00:44","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A watershed moment for western U.S. dams","docAbstract":"The summer of 2023 is a notable time for water-resource management in the western United States: Glen Canyon Dam, on the Colorado River, turns 60 years old while the largest dam-removal project in history is beginning on the Klamath River. This commentary discusses these events in the context of a changing paradigm for dam and reservoir management in this region. Since the era of large dam building began to wane six decades ago, new challenges have arisen for dam and reservoir management owing to climate change, population increase, reservoir sedimentation, declining safety of aging dams, and more environmentally focused management objectives. Today we also better understand dams' benefits, costs, and environmental impacts, including some that were unforeseen and took decades to become apparent. Where dams have become unsafe, obsolete (e.g., due to excessive reservoir sedimentation), and uneconomical beyond saving, dam removal has become common. The science and practice of dam removal are accelerating rapidly, and some long-term physical and biological response studies are now available. Removal of four hydroelectric dams on the Klamath River will be a larger and more complex project than any previous dam removal. The imminency of this project reflects a very different situation for dam and reservoir management than 60 years ago. Looking forward, dam and reservoir management in the western United States and worldwide will require continued collaboration and innovative thinking to meet a wide range of objectives and to manage water resources sustainably for future generations.
Shallow freshwater ecosystems emit large amounts of greenhouse gases (GHGs), such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4), yet emissions are highly variable. The role that aquatic macrophytes play in regulating aquatic GHG emissions is uncertain despite their ability to dominate shallow waterbodies. Here, we studied the effects of submersed macrophyte (Ceratophyllum demersum) density on CO2 and CH4 concentrations and fluxes. We conducted a 61-days experiment using mesocosms containing one of the following C. demersum density treatments: 0, 10, 20, or 30 individual shoots (n = 3). We found that high density C. demersum had the highest CO2 and CH4 surface water concentrations and emissions while there was no significant difference in CH4 in the low and medium densities and no plant control. The high density treatment lost biomass over the course of the experiment, indicating die-off and additions of organic matter to the sediment. High organic matter loading and low dissolved oxygen likely stimulated GHG production in the high density treatment. Our results emphasize that submersed macrophyte density and periods of growth and dieback are important in regulating GHG emissions, which may help explain why shallow waterbodies are high yet variable sources of GHGs to the atmosphere.
Understanding sources of mercury (Hg) and methylmercury (MeHg) to a water body is critical for management but is often complicated by poorly characterized Hg inputs and in situ processes, such as inorganic Hg methylation. In this study, we determined inorganic Hg and MeHg concentrations and loads (filter-passing and particulate fractions) for a semi-arid 164-kilometer stretch of the Snake River above the Hells Canyon Complex, a Hg-impaired hydroelectric reservoir complex on the Idaho-Oregon border, and used water quality measurements and Hg stable isotope ratios to create a comprehensive Hg source budget for the river. Results show that whereas most of the streamflow to the study reach comes from the main branch of the Snake River (i.e., the upstream watershed), major tributaries within the study reach contribute a greater proportion of inorganic Hg and MeHg loads. Mercury stable-isotope analyses highlight that Hg within the tributaries is predominantly associated with geologic deposits and snowmelt sources, the latter reflecting wet deposition. Surprisingly, irrigation return drains contribute 40–50 % of particulate inorganic Hg loads despite being ≤4.3 % of the overall water budget. Together, tributaries and irrigation return drains account for 97–100 % of the inorganic Hg and streamflow to the study reach, but ~65 % of the MeHg, indicating in-stream and riparian methylation may be an important and previously unrecognized source of MeHg. Streamflow, total suspended solids, dissolved organic carbon, and agricultural land cover were found to be important controls on the mobilization and transport of different Hg species and fractions. This study represents the first fluvial budget for Hg in the Snake River that accounts for particulate and filter-passing Hg species from both major tributaries and irrigation return drains, and expands our understanding of Hg sources and methylation processes within semi-arid environments. This information is critical to inform management decisions related to elevated Hg burdens in biota.
Habitat selection analyses provide a window into the perceived value of habitats by animals and how those perceptions compare with other animals, change across time, or change in relation to availability (termed functional responses). Habitat selection analysis and functional responses can be used to develop strategies to avoid habitat limitations, guide habitat management, and set attainable conservation goals. GPS relocations of marked animals are the principal data used in habitat selection analysis. The accuracy and frequency with which tracking devices collect data are increasing and may result in non-stationary point processes that result from latent behaviors previously unidentifiable in sparse data.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers","doi":"10.3389/fevo.2023.1232704","usgsCitation":"Overton, C.T., and Casazza, M.L., 2023, Movement behavior, habitat selection, and functional responses to habitat availability among four species of wintering waterfowl in California: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, v. 11, 1232704, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2023.1232704.","productDescription":"1232704, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-154265","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441800,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2023.1232704","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435143,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9ELSUHN","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Movements, Used Habitats, and Available Habitats Identified using Step Selection Processes for Four Species of Waterfowl in California's Central 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\"}}]}","volume":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Overton, Cory T. 0000-0002-5060-7447 coverton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5060-7447","contributorId":3262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overton","given":"Cory","email":"coverton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70250147,"text":"70250147 - 2023 - Annual and inter-annual variability in the diffuse attenuation coefficient and turbidity in an urbanized Washington lake from 2013 to 2022 assessed using Landsat-8/9","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-22T15:55:03.53343","indexId":"70250147","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-21T09:47:05","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Annual and inter-annual variability in the diffuse attenuation coefficient and turbidity in an urbanized Washington lake from 2013 to 2022 assessed using Landsat-8/9","docAbstract":"Water clarity, defined in this study using measurements of the downwelling diffuse light attenuation coefficient (Kd) and turbidity, is an important indicator of lake trophic status and ecosystem health. We used in-situ measurements to evaluate existing semi-analytical models for Kd and turbidity, developed a regional turbidity model based on spectral shape, and evaluated the spatial and temporal trends in Lake Washington from 2013 to 2022 using Landsat-8/9 Operational Land Imager (OLI). We found no significant trends from 2013 to 2022 in Kd or turbidity when both the annual and full datasets were considered. In addition to the spring peak lasting from April through June, autumn Kd peaks were present at all sites, a pattern consistent with seasonal chlorophyll a and zooplankton concentrations. There existed no autumn peak in the monthly turbidity dataset, and the spring peak occurred two months before the Kd peak, nearly mirroring seasonal variability in the Cedar River discharge rates over the same period. The Kd and turbidity algorithms were thus each more sensitive to different sources of water clarity variability in Lake Washington.
","language":"English","publisher":"MPDI","doi":"10.3390/rs15205055","usgsCitation":"Schulien, J.A., Code, T.J., DeGasperi, C.L., Beauchamp, D., Tonus Ellis, A., and Litt, A.H., 2023, Annual and inter-annual variability in the diffuse attenuation coefficient and turbidity in an urbanized Washington lake from 2013 to 2022 assessed using Landsat-8/9: Remote Sensing, v. 15, no. 20, 5055, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15205055.","productDescription":"5055, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-158607","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441806,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15205055","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":422837,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Lake Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.29668187426911,\n 47.76219367672758\n ],\n [\n -122.2936983290256,\n 47.49342533323215\n ],\n [\n -122.1703784589545,\n 47.49342533323215\n ],\n [\n -122.19822488122844,\n 47.75617656843582\n ],\n [\n -122.29668187426911,\n 47.76219367672758\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-10-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schulien, Jennifer A.","contributorId":331715,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schulien","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":79272,"text":"Schulien Consulting","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":888561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Code, Tessa Julianne 0000-0003-1481-020X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1481-020X","contributorId":331687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Code","given":"Tessa","email":"","middleInitial":"Julianne","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":888562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeGasperi, Curtis L.","contributorId":257393,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeGasperi","given":"Curtis","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":888563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beauchamp, David 0000-0002-3592-8381","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3592-8381","contributorId":217816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beauchamp","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":888564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tonus Ellis, Arielle","contributorId":331716,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tonus Ellis","given":"Arielle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36795,"text":"University of Washington, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":888565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Litt, Arni H.","contributorId":331717,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Litt","given":"Arni","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":36795,"text":"University of Washington, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":888566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70250905,"text":"70250905 - 2023 - Impacts of acute and chronic suspended solids exposure on juvenile freshwater mussels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-11T13:46:37.840986","indexId":"70250905","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-21T07:44:17","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of acute and chronic suspended solids exposure on juvenile freshwater mussels","docAbstract":"Construction activities may affect adjacent water systems by introducing increased levels of suspended solids into the water body and may subsequently affect the survival and growth of freshwater mussels. We tested three sediment types from sites in Missouri, including Spring River sediment (SRS), Osage River bank clay soil (ORC), and quarried limestone from Columbia (LMT). We prepared series of suspensions of each sediment with total suspended solids concentrations ranging from 0 to 5000 mg/L. Juveniles from three mussel species, Fatmucket (Lampsilis siliquoidea), Arkansas Brokenray (Lampsilis reeveiana), and Washboard (Megalonaias nervosa) were exposed to these suspensions in both acute (96-h) and chronic (28-d) tests. No clear impact on survival was observed from the acute or chronic exposures, but chronic test showed that juvenile mussels' growth was strongly affected. Interestingly, growth was enhanced at lower levels of SRS and ORC (≤500 mg/L, p < 0.05), and the juvenile mussels exposed to 500 mg/L SRS exhibited approximately 60 % more dry weight than those reared in the control. LMT did not enhance growth. Growth was slowed by high concentrations (>1000 mg/L) of all three sediments, implying that high suspended solids levels could reduce survival in the long term. Our findings may help to inform regulations and guidelines for construction activities to minimize adverse effects on juvenile mussels.
The purpose of this review is to better understand the full life cycle and influence of ammonia from an aquatic biology perspective. While ammonia has toxic properties in water and air, it also plays a central role in the biogeochemical nitrogen (N) cycle and regulates mechanisms of normal and abnormal fish physiology. Additionally, as the second most synthesized chemical on Earth, ammonia contributes economic value to many sectors, particularly fertilizers, energy storage, explosives, refrigerants, and plastics. But, with so many uses, industrial N2-fixation effectively doubles natural reactive N concentrations in the environment. The consequence is global, with excess fixed nitrogen driving degradation of soils, water, and air; intensifying eutrophication, biodiversity loss, and climate change; and creating health risks for humans, wildlife, and fisheries. Thus, the need for ammonia research in aquatic systems is growing. In response, we prepared this review to better understand the complexities and connectedness of environmental ammonia. Even the term “ammonia” has multiple meanings. So, we have clarified the nomenclature, identified units of measurement, and summarized methods to measure ammonia in water. We then discuss ammonia in the context of the N-cycle, review its role in fish physiology and mechanisms of toxicity, and integrate the effects of human N-fixation, which continuously expands ammonia's sources and uses. Ammonia is being developed as a carbon-free energy carrier with potential to increase reactive nitrogen in the environment. With this in mind, we review the global impacts of excess reactive nitrogen and consider the current monitoring and regulatory frameworks for ammonia. The presented synthesis illustrates the complex and interactive dynamics of ammonia as a plant nutrient, energy molecule, feedstock, waste product, contaminant, N-cycle participant, regulator of animal physiology, toxicant, and agent of environmental change. Few molecules are as influential as ammonia in the management and resilience of Earth's resources.
We present the validation methodology and results of Dynamic Surface Water eXtent from Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 (DSWx-HLS). The DSWx-HLS product is the first of the DSWx suite, comprised of products each which map water from Earth Observation optical and SAR satellites. We detail the generation of high-resolution (3 m) validation datasets from a globally-stratified sample of dry, moderate, and wet sites. We provide the precise accounting of the classification metrics used to verify the Observational Products for End-users from Remote Sensing Analysis (OPERA) project requirements. We also report broader classification metrics across the validation datasets considered. OPERA performs validation in the public domain to ensure that the validation activities are transparent and reproducible. The resulting validation datasets and provisional OPERA products are publicly available; the software used for validation is also open-source.
","conferenceTitle":"IGARSS 2023 - 2023 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","conferenceDate":"July 16-21, 2023","conferenceLocation":"Pasadena, CA","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS52108.2023.10283397","usgsCitation":"Arena, N., Bato, G., Bekaert, D., Bonnema, M., Chan, S., Chapman, B., Jones, J., Handwerger, A., Lewandowski, A., Marshak, C., Sangha, S., and Venkataramani, K., 2023, Opera Dynamic Surface Water extents for Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 (DSWX-HLS) validation activities, IGARSS 2023 - 2023 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Pasadena, CA, July 16-21, 2023, p. 2723-2726, https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS52108.2023.10283397.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"2723","endPage":"2726","ipdsId":"IP-153954","costCenters":[{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":428363,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arena, Nicholas","contributorId":336167,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arena","given":"Nicholas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36392,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bato, Grace","contributorId":336168,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bato","given":"Grace","affiliations":[{"id":36392,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bekaert, David","contributorId":336169,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bekaert","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":36392,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bonnema, Matthew","contributorId":336170,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bonnema","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36392,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chan, Steven","contributorId":336171,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chan","given":"Steven","affiliations":[{"id":36392,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chapman, Bruce","contributorId":336172,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chapman","given":"Bruce","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36392,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jones, John 0000-0001-6117-3691 jwjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6117-3691","contributorId":2220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"John","email":"jwjones@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":900093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Handwerger, Alexander L.","contributorId":336174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Handwerger","given":"Alexander L.","affiliations":[{"id":36392,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lewandowski, Alex","contributorId":336176,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewandowski","given":"Alex","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36392,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Marshak, Charlie","contributorId":336178,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marshak","given":"Charlie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36392,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Sangha, Simran","contributorId":336183,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sangha","given":"Simran","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36392,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Venkataramani, Karthik","contributorId":336185,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Venkataramani","given":"Karthik","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36392,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70259714,"text":"70259714 - 2023 - An integrated framework for examining groundwater vulnerability in the Mekong River Delta region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-19T13:06:25.936468","indexId":"70259714","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-20T08:04:22","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An integrated framework for examining groundwater vulnerability in the Mekong River Delta region","docAbstract":"The Mekong River provides water, food security, and many other valuable benefits to the more than 60 million Southeast Asian residents living within its basin. However, the Mekong River Basin is increasingly stressed by changes in climate, land cover, and infrastructure. These changes can affect water quantity and quality and exacerbate related hazards such as land subsidence and saltwater intrusion, resulting in multiple compounding risks for neighboring communities. In this study, we demonstrate the connection between climate change, groundwater availability, and social vulnerability by linking the results of a numerical groundwater model to land cover and socioeconomic data at the Cambodia-Vietnam border in the Mekong River Delta region. We simulated changes in groundwater availability across 20 years and identified areas of potential water stress based on domestic and agriculture-related freshwater demands. We then assessed adaptive capacity to understand how communities may be able to respond to this stress to better understand the growing risk of groundwater scarcity driven by climate change and overextraction. This study offers a novel approach for assessing risk of groundwater scarcity by linking the effects of climate change to the socioeconomic context in which they occur. Increasing our understanding of how changes in groundwater availability may affect local populations can help water managers better plan for the future, leading to more resilient communities.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Ground Water Association","doi":"10.1111/gwmr.12621","usgsCitation":"Rosenberry, D.O., 2023, In my experience: Groundwater-surface-water interactions reflect the path of least resistance: Groundwater Monitoring and Remediation, v. 43, no. 4, p. 119-121, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwmr.12621.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"119","endPage":"121","ipdsId":"IP-153839","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499266,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gwmr.12621","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":422449,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":887768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70254447,"text":"70254447 - 2023 - Restructuring and serving web-accessible streamflow data from the NOAA National Water Model historic simulations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-24T11:53:28.457658","indexId":"70254447","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-20T06:50:26","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":17783,"text":"Nature, Scientific Data","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Restructuring and serving web-accessible streamflow data from the NOAA National Water Model historic simulations","docAbstract":"In 2016, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration deployed the first iteration of an operational National Water Model (NWM) to forecast the water cycle in the continental United States. With many versions, an hourly, multi-decadal historic simulation is made available to the public. In all released to date, the files containing simulated streamflow contain a snapshot of model conditions across the entire domain for a single timestep which makes accessing time series a technical and resource-intensive challenge. In the most recent release, extracting a complete streamflow time series for a single location requires managing 367,920 files (~16.2 TB). In this work we describe a reproducible process for restructuring a sequential set of NWM steamflow files for efficient time series access and provide restructured datasets for versions 1.2 (1993–2018), 2.0 (1993–2020), and 2.1 (1979–2022). These datasets have been made accessible via an OPeNDAP enabled THREDDS data server for public use and a brief analysis highlights the latest version of the model should not be assumed best for all locations. Lastly we describe an R package that expedites data retrieval with examples for multiple use-cases.
Large-scale dam removals provide opportunities to restore river function in the long-term and are massive disturbances to riverine ecosystems in the short-term. The removal of two dams on the Elwha River (WA, USA) between 2011 and 2014 was the largest dam removal project to be completed by that time and has since resulted in major changes to channel dynamics, river substrates, in-stream communities, and the size and shape of the river delta. To assess ecosystem function across the restored Elwha watershed, we compared leaf litter decomposition at twenty sites: 1) four tributary sites not influenced by restoration activities; 2) four river sites downstream of the upper dam (Glines Canyon Dam); 3) four river sites within the footprint of the former Aldwell Reservoir upstream of the lower dam (Elwha Dam); 4) four river sites downstream of the lower dam; and 5) four lentic sites in the newly developing Elwha delta. Three major findings emerged: 1) decomposition rates differed among sections of the Elwha watershed, with slowest decomposition rates at the delta sites and fastest decomposition rates just downstream of the upper dam; 2) aquatic macroinvertebrate communities establishing in leaf litterbags differed significantly among sections of the Elwha watershed; and 3) aquatic fungal communities growing on leaf litter differed significantly among sections. Aquatic macroinvertebrate and fungal diversity were sensitive to differences in canopy cover, water chemistry, and river bottom sediments across sites, with a stronger relationship to elevation for aquatic macroinvertebrates. As the Elwha River undergoes recovery following the massive sediment flows associated with dam removal, we expect to see changes in leaf litter processing dynamics and shifts in litter-dependent decomposer communities (both fungal and invertebrate) involved in this key ecosystem process.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/fevo.2023.1231689","usgsCitation":"LeRoy, C.J., Morley, S.A., Duda, J.J., Zinck, A.A., Lamoureux, P.J., Pennell, C., Bailey, A., Oswell, C., Silva, M., Kamakawiwo’ole, B.K., Hartford, S., Van Der Hout, J., Peters, R., Mahan, R., Stapleton, J., Johnson, R.C., and Foley, M.M., 2023, Leaf litter decomposition and detrital communities following the removal of two large dams on the Elwha River (Washington, USA): Frontiers of Ecology and Evolution, v. 11, 1231689, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2023.1231689.","productDescription":"1231689, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-154059","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441841,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2023.1231689","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":422096,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Elwha River watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.70384847912715,\n 48.18248970246785\n ],\n [\n -123.69747256054883,\n 47.89956988612926\n ],\n [\n -123.36728352594747,\n 47.903844451880445\n ],\n [\n -123.3573654303813,\n 48.18248970246785\n ],\n [\n -123.70384847912715,\n 48.18248970246785\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LeRoy, Carri J.","contributorId":331098,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LeRoy","given":"Carri","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":79118,"text":"Environmental 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Justin","contributorId":241974,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stapleton","given":"Justin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47700,"text":"Natural Resources Department, Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe, Port Angeles, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Johnson, Rachelle Carina 0000-0003-1480-4088","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1480-4088","contributorId":241962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Rachelle","email":"","middleInitial":"Carina","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Foley, Melissa M.","contributorId":316727,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Foley","given":"Melissa","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12703,"text":"San Francisco Estuary Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}} ,{"id":70252521,"text":"70252521 - 2023 - Use of physical blockers to control invasive red swamp crayfish in burrows","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-27T12:06:47.68054","indexId":"70252521","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-19T07:05:55","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2655,"text":"Management of Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of physical blockers to control invasive red swamp crayfish in burrows","docAbstract":"The red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii is native to the southeast United States\nbut has successfully invaded nearly every continent around the world. Although physical,\nbiological, and chemical controls are employed to reduce or eliminate populations\nin open-water systems, terrestrial burrows provide a potential refuge from aquatic\ncontrol treatments. We conducted burrow trials to test whether two physical blocker\ntreatments would kill P. clarkii in their burrows. Bentonite clay (a sealing agent) and\nexpanding foam (an insulating sealant) were each applied to 37 crayfish burrows,\nand 36 burrows served as treatment controls (i.e., 110 total burrows). Burrows were\nexcavated 48 hr after the application of the physical blockers to assess the status of\ncrayfish in treated and control burrows. There was 74% mortality of crayfish in\noccupied burrows treated with bentonite clay, 62% in burrows treated with expanding\nfoam, and 6% mortality in control burrows. We believe bentonite clay should continue\nto be field-tested; however, because expanding foam is toxic to aquatic organisms and\nis expected to persist in the environment, we do not believe it is a suitable physical\nblocker for the control of invasive crayfish in burrows. Bentonite clay applications\nlikely will not need permits, will mitigate damage to banks and levees caused by\nburrowing crayfish, and can be used with other control agents such as pesticides.\nHowever, the use of physical blockers may be limited at field sites that have burrows\nwith complex morphologies. We believe the use of bentonite clay to control invasive\ncrayfish in terrestrial burrows will provide resource managers with an effective tool\nfor their integrative pest management programs.","language":"English","publisher":"Reabic","doi":"10.3391/mbi.2023.14.4.09","usgsCitation":"Bates, B.L., Allert, A., Wildhaber, M.L., and Stoeckel, J., 2023, Use of physical blockers to control invasive red swamp crayfish in burrows: Management of Biological Invasions, v. 14, no. 4, p. 709-729, https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2023.14.4.09.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"709","endPage":"729","ipdsId":"IP-153209","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441843,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2023.14.4.09","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435147,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P96V08D0","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Crayfish morphometric measurements, burrow attributes and occupancy in response to physical burrow barriers"},{"id":427139,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bates, Benjamin Lee 0000-0001-5142-8881","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5142-8881","contributorId":330857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bates","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":897398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allert, Ann 0000-0001-7063-8016 aallert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7063-8016","contributorId":178200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allert","given":"Ann","email":"aallert@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":897399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wildhaber, Mark L. 0000-0002-6538-9083 mwildhaber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6538-9083","contributorId":1386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wildhaber","given":"Mark","email":"mwildhaber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":897400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stoeckel, Jim","contributorId":299806,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stoeckel","given":"Jim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":897401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70249598,"text":"fs20233043 - 2023 - Hydrologic investigations of green infrastructure by the Central Midwest Water Science Center","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-09T17:47:45.10106","indexId":"fs20233043","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-18T16:01:18","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2023-3043","displayTitle":"Hydrologic Investigations of Green Infrastructure by the Central Midwest Water Science Center","title":"Hydrologic investigations of green infrastructure by the Central Midwest Water Science Center","docAbstract":"The water management system within developed communities includes stormwater, wastewater, and drinking-water sources and sinks. Each water management system component provides critical services that support public health in these areas. Stormwater can be quite variable and difficult to manage in developed communities because the amount of stormwater that must be routed through a developed area depends on changing land cover and variable precipitation. In addition to flooding concerns, stormwater also is a major cause of water contamination in developed communities because it carries contaminants such as trash, bacteria, heavy metals, and sediments to local waterways. Historically, communities have managed stormwater with gray infrastructure such as street gutters, culverts, sewer systems, and tunnels. Although these structures efficiently capture and route stormwater to a local waterway or treatment plant, they do not filter any contaminants. Furthermore, many older communities have combined storm sewer and sanitary sewer systems. These combined systems result in an excessive amount of wastewater to be treated before being released into receiving water or the untreated waters are released directly to receiving waters during storms.
Many communities are now incorporating green infrastructure stormwater mitigating solutions—pervious surfaces (allows water through), grassed swales, bioretention basins, and rain gardens—into their stormwater-management systems. Green infrastructure can absorb and filter stormwater where it falls by taking advantage of natural soil and plant storage and filtration capabilities. Thus, green infrastructure projects can potentially reduce the amount of stormwater and the concentration and transport of contaminants. Increasing green infrastructure in a developed community may reduce the requirements for new storm sewer infrastructure, improve the water quality of nearby waterways, and enhance aesthetics.
The U.S. Geological Survey has partnered with several cooperators to quantify the effects of green infrastructure projects in several developed communities throughout the central Midwest. As part of these green infrastructure projects, the U.S. Geological Survey Central Midwest Water Science Center and cooperators installed, calibrated, and monitored equipment to measure hydrologic responses (including flooding and water movement) and selected water-quality constituents in developed communities.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20233043","usgsCitation":"Atkinson, A.A., Heimann, D.C., and Bailey, C.R., 2023, Hydrologic investigations of green infrastructure by the Central Midwest Water Science Center: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2023–3043, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20233043.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-147766","costCenters":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499695,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_115581.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":499694,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_115580.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":421980,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2023/3043/fs20233043.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.31 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2023–3043"},{"id":421979,"rank":3,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2023/3043/images"},{"id":421978,"rank":2,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2023/3043/fs20233043.XML","text":"XML"},{"id":421976,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2023/3043/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":421981,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/fs20233043/full","text":"HTML","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"contact":"Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
405 North Goodwin
Urbana, IL 61801
We rarely consider light limitation in ecosystem productivity, yet light limitation is a major constraint on river autotrophy. Because the light that reaches benthic autotrophs must first pass through terrestrial vegetation and an overlying water column that can be loaded with sediments or colored organic material, there is strong selection for river autotrophs to have high light use efficiencies (LUEs), that is, the efficiency at which light energy is converted to biomass. In contrast to prior studies that have estimated river LUE on single days, we calculated continuous LUE over more than 6 full years for 64 free-flowing rivers across the United States. This dataset represents the largest compilation of continuous estimates of daily rates of gross primary productivity (GPP) and daily light inputs from which we calculated daily estimates of LUE. Early estimates of LUE in rivers found that clearwater springs with stable flows could achieve LUEs of 4%, much higher than LUEs reported for terrestrial plants. We found that 53% of the rivers in our dataset have LUEs that exceed 4% on at least one day of their time series. Because of the high variability in daily LUE, measurements taken on any given day may misrepresent a river ecosystem's annual LUE. Though most rivers share a high potential, the mean annual LUE of all rivers in our dataset is much lower, only 0.5%. We found that rivers with more variable flow regimes had lower annual LUEs, which indicates that LUE is constrained by hydrologic disturbances that remove, bury, or shade autotrophic biomass. Comparisons of LUE across ecosystems allow us to reframe our view of rivers, by recognizing the high efficiency with which they convert light to biomass compared with lentic, marine, and terrestrial ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4659","usgsCitation":"Thellman, A., Savoy, P., and Bernhardt, E., 2023, High potential but low achievement: Frequent disturbance constrains the light use efficiency of river ecosystems: Ecosphere, v. 14, no. 10, e4659, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4659.","productDescription":"e4659, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-151660","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":492879,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4659","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":492731,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"conterminous United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"MultiPolygon\",\n 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0000-0002-6075-837X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6075-837X","contributorId":300288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savoy","given":"Philip","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":943677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bernhardt, Emily S.","contributorId":92143,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bernhardt","given":"Emily S.","affiliations":[{"id":27331,"text":"Duke University, Durham, NC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70252187,"text":"70252187 - 2023 - Respiratory acclimation of tropical forest roots in response to in situ experimental warming and hurricane disturbance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-19T11:44:29.944909","indexId":"70252187","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-17T06:41:36","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Respiratory acclimation of tropical forest roots in response to in situ experimental warming and hurricane disturbance","docAbstract":"Climate projections predict higher temperatures and more frequent hurricanes in the tropics. Tropical plants subjected to these stresses may respond by acclimating their physiology. We investigated tropical forest root respiration in response to in situ experimental warming and hurricane disturbance in eastern Puerto Rico. We measured mass-normalized root specific respiration, root biomass, and root traits at the Tropical Responses to Altered Climate Experiment (TRACE), where understory vegetation is warmed + 4 °C above ambient. Our measurements span 5 years, including before and after two major hurricanes, to quantify root contributions to ecosystem carbon fluxes. Experimental warming did not affect root specific respiration at a standard temperature of 25° (RSR25, mean = 3.89 nmol CO2 g−1 s−1) or the temperature sensitivity of root respiration (Q10, mean = 1.75), but did result in decreased fine-root biomass, thereby decreasing area-based estimations of ecosystem-level root respiration in warmed plots by ~ 35%. RSR25 of newer roots, which increased with increasing root nitrogen, showed greater rates 6 months after the hurricanes, but subsequently decreased after 12 months. Root specific respiration did not acclimate to higher temperatures, based on lack of adjustments in either Q10 or RSR25 in the warmed plots; however, decreased root biomass indicates the root contribution to soil carbon dioxide efflux was overall lower with warming. Lower root biomass may also limit nutrient and water uptake, having potential negative effects on carbon assimilation. Our results show that warming and hurricane disturbance have strong potential to affect tropical forest roots, as well as ecosystem carbon fluxes.
Trace elements within groundwater that originate from aquifer materials and pose potential public-health hazards if consumed are known as geogenic contaminants. The geogenic contaminants arsenic, chromium, and vanadium can form negatively charged ions with oxygen known as oxyanions. Uranium complexes with bicarbonate and carbonate to form negatively charged ions having aqueous chemistry similar to oxyanions. The concentrations of arsenic, chromium, uranium, and vanadium in groundwater result from the combined effects of (1) geologic abundance within aquifer materials; (2) the fraction of these elements that have weathered from and sorbed to the surfaces of mineral grains and are potentially available to groundwater; and (3) the aqueous chemistry of dissolved oxyanions in groundwater during different redox conditions and pH, both of which are affected by hydrogeology, including the length of time groundwater has been in contact with aquifer materials. Concentrations of arsenic, chromium, uranium, and vanadium were measured in samples of (1) rock, surficial alluvium, and drill cuttings using portable (handheld) X-ray fluorescence (pXRF); (2) operationally defined fractions extractable from these materials; and (3) water from wells sampled between 2000 and 2018 within the 3,500 square mile Mojave River area and Morongo area of the western Mojave Desert, southern California.
Regionally, rock and surficial alluvium in the Mojave River and Morongo areas are high in arsenic, low in chromium and uranium, and near the average bulk continental crust concentration for vanadium. Locally, high chromium concentrations are present in mafic rock within the San Gabriel Mountains; high uranium concentrations are present in felsic rock within the San Bernardino Mountains; and high arsenic, uranium, and vanadium concentrations are present in extrusive (volcanic) felsic rock within uplands surrounding groundwater basins along the Mojave River downstream from Barstow, California. Elemental assemblages identified using principal component analyses (PCA) of pXRF data were used to characterize felsic, mafic, and felsic volcanic source terranes in rock, surficial alluvium, and in geologic material penetrated by selected monitoring wells drilled between 1994 and 2018. Highly felsic alluvium associated with recent deposition from the Mojave River was identified along the 90-mile length of the floodplain aquifer along the river. The thickness of these highly felsic alluvial deposits ranged from 200 feet (ft) near Victorville and near Barstow to a thin veneer about 30 ft thick downstream from Victorville and downstream portions of the floodplain aquifer within the Mojave Valley.
Groundwater in the Mojave River and Morongo areas was generally oxic and alkaline (pH≥7.5). Maximum concentrations of arsenic, hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], uranium, and vanadium in water from as many as 498 wells sampled between 2000 and 2018 were 360, 140, 1,470, and 690 micrograms per liter (μg/L), respectively. Water from 22 percent of sampled wells exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) maximum contaminant level (MCL) for arsenic of 10 μg/L, with arsenic concentrations commonly exceeding the MCL in water from wells east of Barstow, deep wells in the Victorville fan, and in suboxic or reduced groundwater within the floodplain aquifer. Water from about 1 percent of sampled wells had Cr(VI) concentrations greater than the California MCL for total chromium of 50 μg/L, whereas 13 percent of sampled wells had Cr(VI) concentrations greater than the former California MCL of 10 μg/L. Hexavalent chromium concentrations were highest in water from wells in the Sheep Creek alluvial fan, eroded from mafic rock in the San Gabriel Mountains, although Cr(VI) concentrations greater than the former California MCL also were present elsewhere in the study area where mafic materials or older groundwater were present. Water from about 9 percent of sampled wells exceeded the EPA MCL for uranium of 30 μg/L, with concentrations exceeding the MCL commonly associated with irrigation return from agricultural land overlying the floodplain aquifer. Water from about 7 percent of sampled wells had vanadium concentrations greater than the California notification level of 50 μg/L; most of these wells were in the Victorville fan within the Mojave River area. In general, arsenic concentrations were higher in suboxic or reduced water; chromium concentrations were higher in oxic, alkaline (pH≥7.5) water; uranium concentrations were higher in circumneutral to slightly alkaline water (pH≤7.4); and vanadium concentrations were higher in highly alkaline (pH≥8.0) water, independent of redox status.
Concentrations within geologic source terranes are not the sole factor controlling the concentrations of geogenic elements in groundwater. Differences in mineral weathering, pH-dependent sorption to surface-exchange sites on mineral grains, and aqueous geochemistry (especially redox status and pH) affect geogenic element concentrations in groundwater. Consequently, the relative abundances of arsenic, Cr(VI), uranium, and vanadium in groundwater differ from their relative abundances in the average bulk continental crust and their regional abundances in rock and surficial alluvium within groundwater basins of the western Mojave Desert. Processes that control the concentrations of arsenic, chromium, uranium, and vanadium in groundwater operate at the mineral-grain and aquifer scale.
At the mineral-grain scale, sequential chemical extraction data show arsenic and uranium are more available to groundwater (under specific geochemical conditions) than chromium or vanadium, which largely are unavailable within unweathered mineral grains. Additionally, chromium and vanadium form few aqueous complexes and bind tightly with iron minerals within surface coatings on mineral grains making them less available to groundwater, whereas complexation with other dissolved ions enhances the solubility of uranium and, to a lesser extent, arsenic. Complexation also increases the valence (less negative charge) and increases the size of dissolved oxyanions and uranium complexes with bicarbonate and carbonate making them less readily sorbed to aquifer materials.
At the aquifer scale, hydrogeology (including isolation of water in aquifers from surface sources of recharge, older groundwater age, and long contact times between groundwater and aquifer materials) combined with geochemical processes (such as silicate weathering) to produce alkaline groundwater. Desorption from sorption sites on the surfaces of mineral grains with increasing pH increases arsenic, chromium, and vanadium concentrations in water from wells and increases Cr(VI) concentrations as long as water remains oxic.
Aqueous geochemistry and concentrations of geogenic contaminants also are affected by anthropogenic activities including (1) discharge of treated municipal wastewater, which may change the redox status of groundwater; (2) return from irrigated agriculture, which may alter the chemistry of groundwater and increase the solubility of trace elements such as uranium; and (3) groundwater pumping and subsequent water-level declines, which may change the source of water yielded by wells. The quality of water imported from northern California and infiltrated from ponds for groundwater recharge may be altered by naturally present trace elements, especially uranium in areas of agricultural land use or chromium within mafic alluvium.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20235089","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Mojave Water Agency","programNote":"U.S. Geological Survey Cooperative Water Program","usgsCitation":"Izbicki, J.A., Groover, K.D., and Seymour, W.A., 2023, Arsenic, chromium, uranium, and vanadium in rock, alluvium, and groundwater, western Mojave Desert, southern California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2023–5089, 96 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235089.","productDescription":"Report: xiii, 96 p., 3 Data Releases; 2 Tables","numberOfPages":"96","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-101005","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501053,"rank":11,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_115509.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":421873,"rank":4,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5089/sir20235089_table2.1.csv","text":"Table 2.1","size":"3 KB","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"},"linkHelpText":"- Well Identification and National Water Information System Record Numbers for Wells Sampled in the Mojave River and Morongo Groundwater Basins as Part of This Study July 2016 to October 2016 and for Wells Sampled as Part of the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring Assessment Program Priority Basin Project Mojave Basin Domestic-Supply Aquifer Study January to May 2018 western Mojave Desert southern California"},{"id":421877,"rank":7,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9C7U6DW","text":"USGS Data Release","description":"Groover, K.D., Goldrath, D.A., Bennett, G.L., Johnson, T.D., and Watson, E.E., 2019, Groundwater-quality data in the Mojave Basin Shallow Aquifer Study Unit, 2018—Results from the California GAMA Priority Basin Project: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9C7U6DW.","linkHelpText":"Groundwater-quality data in the Mojave Basin Shallow Aquifer Study Unit, 2018—Results from the California GAMA Priority Basin Project"},{"id":421878,"rank":8,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://ca.water.usgs.gov/mojave/mojave-water-quality.html","text":"USGS Data Release","description":"Metzger, L.F., Landon, M.K., House, S.F., and Olsen, L.D., 2015, Mapping selected trace elements and major ions, 2000–2012, Mojave River and Morongo Groundwater Basins, Southwestern Mojave Desert, San Bernardino County, California: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://ca.water.usgs.gov/mojave/mojave-water-quality.html.","linkHelpText":"Mapping selected trace elements and major ions, 2000–2012, Mojave River and Morongo Groundwater Basins, Southwestern Mojave Desert, San Bernardino County, California"},{"id":421923,"rank":9,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20235089/full"},{"id":421973,"rank":10,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5089/sir_20235089.pdf","text":"Report","size":"30 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":421869,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5089/covrthb.jpg"},{"id":421871,"rank":2,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5089/sir20235089.xml"},{"id":421872,"rank":3,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5089/sir20235089_table1.1.csv","text":"Table 1.1","size":"3 KB","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"},"linkHelpText":"- Boreholes having portable (handheld) X-ray fluoresence (pXRF) data from drill cuttings, Mojave River and Morongo groundwater basins, western Mojave Desert, southern California"},{"id":421874,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2023/5089/images"},{"id":421876,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9CU0EH3","text":"USGS Data Release","description":"Groover, K.D., and Izbicki, J.A., 2018, Field portable X-ray fluorescence and associated quality control data for the western Mojave Desert, San Bernardino County, California: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9CU0EH3.","linkHelpText":"Field portable X-ray fluorescence and associated quality control data for the western Mojave Desert, San Bernardino County, California"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Western Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.4,\n 35.2\n ],\n [\n -117.4,\n 34.00\n ],\n [\n -116.0,\n 34\n ],\n [\n -116,\n 35.2\n ],\n [\n -117.4,\n 35.2\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, California 95819
Depth-based and radar-based remote sensing methods (e.g., lidar, synthetic aperture radar) are promising approaches for remotely measuring snow water equivalent (SWE) at high spatial resolution. These approaches require snow density estimates, obtained from in-situ measurements or density models, to calculate SWE. However, in-situ measurements are operationally limited, and few density models have seen extensive evaluation. Here, we combine near-coincident, lidar-measured snow depths with ground-penetrating radar (GPR) two-way travel times (twt) of snowpack thickness to derive >20 km of relative permittivity estimates from nine dry and two wet snow surveys at Grand Mesa, Cameron Pass, and Ranch Creek, Colorado. We tested three equations for converting dry snow relative permittivity to snow density and found the Kovacs et al. (1995) equation to yield the best comparison with in-situ measurements (RMSE = 54 kg m−3). Variogram analyses revealed a 19 m median correlation length for relative permittivity and snow density in dry snow, which increased to >30 m in wet conditions. We compared derived densities with estimated densities from several empirical models, the Snow Data Assimilation System (SNODAS), and the physically based iSnobal model. Estimated and derived densities were combined with snow depths and twt to evaluate density model performance within SWE remote sensing methods. The Jonas et al. (2009) empirical model yielded the most accurate SWE from lidar snow depths (RMSE = 51 mm), whereas SNODAS yielded the most accurate SWE from GPR twt (RMSE = 41 mm). Densities from both models generated SWE estimates within ±10% of derived SWE when SWE averaged >400 mm, however, model uncertainty increased to >20% when SWE averaged <300 mm. The development and refinement of density models, particularly in lower SWE conditions, is a high priority to fully realize the potential of SWE remote sensing methods.
Land use practices and climate change have driven substantial soil degradation across global drylands, impacting ecosystem functions and human livelihoods. Biological soil crusts, a common feature of dryland ecosystems, are under extensive exploration for their potential to restore the stability and fertility of degraded soils through the development of inoculants. However, stressful abiotic conditions often result in the failure of inoculation-based restoration in the field and may hinder the long-term success of biocrust restoration efforts. Taking an assisted migration approach, we cultivated biocrust inocula sourced from multiple hot-adapted sites (Mojave and Sonoran Deserts) in an outdoor facility at a cool desert site (Colorado Plateau). In addition to cultivating inoculum from each site, we created an inoculum mixture of biocrust from the Mojave Desert, Sonoran Desert, and Colorado Plateau. We then applied two habitat amelioration treatments to the cultivation site (growth substrate and shading) to enhance soil stability and water availability and reduce UV stress. Using marker gene sequencing, we found that the cultivated mixed inoculum comprised both local- and hot-adapted cyanobacteria at the end of cultivation but had similar cyanobacterial richness as each unmixed inoculum. All cultivated inocula had more cyanobacterial 16S rRNA gene copies and higher cyanobacterial richness when cultivated with a growth substrate and shade. Our work shows that it is possible to field cultivate biocrust inocula sourced from different deserts, but that community composition shifts toward that of the cultivation site unless habitat amelioration is employed. Future assessments of the function of a mixed inoculum in restoration and its resilience in the face of abiotic stressors are needed to determine the relative benefit of assisted migration compared to the challenges and risks of this approach.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms11102570","usgsCitation":"Jech, S., Day, N.K., Barger, N., Antoninka, A., Bowker, M., Reed, S., and Tucker, C.L., 2023, Cultivating resilience in dryland soils: An assisted migration approach to biological soil crust restoration: Microorganisms, v. 11, no. 10, 2570, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11102570.","productDescription":"2570, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-158175","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":491458,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11102570","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":491103,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Utah","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.34802973632918,\n 35.587070771119116\n ],\n [\n -116.01065534573146,\n 33.040451734318665\n ],\n [\n -113.56337647791864,\n 32.106918121662446\n ],\n [\n -109.03550909420508,\n 38.80883012106955\n ],\n [\n -108.98810398779125,\n 39.80828416894897\n ],\n [\n -110.68898438844218,\n 39.2840311835302\n ],\n [\n -113.98561161383276,\n 36.06454545435385\n ],\n [\n -117.34802973632918,\n 35.587070771119116\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jech, Sierra","contributorId":292726,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jech","given":"Sierra","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36627,"text":"University of Colorado, Boulder","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":941062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day, Natalie K. 0000-0002-8768-5705","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8768-5705","contributorId":207302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"Natalie","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":941063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barger, Nichole 0000-0002-8765-7974","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8765-7974","contributorId":245370,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barger","given":"Nichole","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49167,"text":"University of Colorado Boulder, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":941064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Antoninka, Anita","contributorId":166769,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Antoninka","given":"Anita","affiliations":[{"id":24503,"text":"Northern Arizona University, School of Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":941065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bowker, Matthew A.","contributorId":240683,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowker","given":"Matthew A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":941066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Reed, Sasha C. 0000-0002-8597-8619","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8597-8619","contributorId":205372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Sasha C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":941067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tucker, Colin L","contributorId":270737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tucker","given":"Colin","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":56205,"text":"U.S. National Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Houghton, MI 49931","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":941068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70257389,"text":"70257389 - 2023 - Seven dam challenges for migratory fish: Insights from the Penobscot River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-05T16:35:50.264408","indexId":"70257389","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-15T09:16:26","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3910,"text":"Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution","onlineIssn":"2296-701X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seven dam challenges for migratory fish: Insights from the Penobscot River","docAbstract":"More than a century of impoundments in the Penobscot River, Maine, USA, has contributed to population declines in migratory fish in the system. A decade of change, research, and monitoring has revealed direct and indirect ways that dams have influenced the river habitat, connectivity for migratory fish, and the food web. The removal of two main-stem dams (in 2012 and 2013) and bolstering of fish passage have been part of coordinated restoration efforts in the watershed. Integral to this undertaking was support for short- and long-term monitoring and research that included physical habitat, fish passage, and broad scale ecological assessments. Herein we discuss the seven interconnected and complex ways that dams have affected the Penobscot River ecosystem, particularly for migratory fish. These include familiar influences ascribed to dams: i) impaired access to habitat, ii) injury and mortality, and iii) delays of migration. Other ecological influences are less studied and more subtle: iv) facilitation of predation, v) community shifts, and vi) demographic shifts. Lastly, dams result in vii) a loss of ecosystem services that would otherwise be intact in an unimpounded system. We draw on both direct examples from the Penobscot River and broader information to characterize how impoundments have transformed this ecosystem for more than a century. Recent dam removals and mitigation efforts have reestablished some of these ecological functions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/fevo.2023.1253657","usgsCitation":"Zydlewski, J.D., Coghlan, S., Dillingham, C., Figueroa-Munoz, G., Merriam, C., Smith, S., Smith, R., Stich, D.S., Vogel, S.K., Wilson, K., and Zydlewski, G., 2023, Seven dam challenges for migratory fish: Insights from the Penobscot River: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, v. 11, 1253657, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2023.1253657.","productDescription":"1253657, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-155048","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441877,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2023.1253657","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":432855,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Penobscot River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -69.5,\n 46\n ],\n [\n -69.5,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -68,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -68,\n 46\n ],\n [\n -69.5,\n 46\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":910207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coghlan, Stephen M.","contributorId":272185,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coghlan","given":"Stephen M.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dillingham, Cody","contributorId":342595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dillingham","given":"Cody","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Figueroa-Munoz, Guillermo","contributorId":342597,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Figueroa-Munoz","given":"Guillermo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Merriam, Carolyn","contributorId":342599,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Merriam","given":"Carolyn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, Sean","contributorId":276400,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Sean","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Smith, Rylee","contributorId":342603,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Rylee","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Stich, Daniel S.","contributorId":280276,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stich","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":33660,"text":"SUNY Oneonta","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Vogel, Sarah K.","contributorId":275755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vogel","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wilson, Karen","contributorId":275235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Karen","affiliations":[{"id":34930,"text":"University of Southern Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Zydlewski, Gayle B.","contributorId":139211,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Gayle B.","affiliations":[{"id":12606,"text":"University of Maine, Dept of Plant, Soil, & Envir Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70249575,"text":"70249575 - 2023 - Evaluation of breeding distribution and chronology of North American scoters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-08T17:21:40.311151","indexId":"70249575","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-14T07:01:29","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3766,"text":"Wildlife Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of breeding distribution and chronology of North American scoters","docAbstract":"North America's scoter species are poorly monitored relative to other waterfowl. Black Melanitta americana, surf M. perspicillata, and white-winged M. deglandi scoter abundance and trend estimates are thus uncertain in many parts of these species' ranges. The most extensive source of waterfowl abundance and distribution data in North America is the Waterfowl breeding population and habitat survey (WBPHS). Although the WBPHS effectively monitors most species, both its timing and geographic coverage may preclude accurate scoter monitoring. Therefore, our goal was to better define when and where scoters breed to help interpret survey results and optimize potential supplemental survey efforts for scoters. We integrated satellite telemetry tracking data from scoters marked at multiple molting, staging, breeding, and wintering areas along the Atlantic and Pacific coasts to quantify continent-wide breeding chronology and distribution. We also examined possible drivers of variation in timing of arrival, length of stay, and departure at nesting locations. We documented a northwest to southeast distribution of estimated breeding sites across Alaska and Canada. On average, scoters arrived at nest sites on 1 June. Surf scoters and Pacific black scoters arrived earliest and departed earliest. Pacific-wintering black and white-winged scoters began breeding earlier than Atlantic-wintering birds. Additionally, birds arrived at nesting locations earlier in years with earlier snowmelt, and later snowmelt reduced lengths of stay for males. Breeding chronology also varied by age group, with adults arriving earlier than subadults. Our study is the first to comprehensively describe spatial variation in timing of breeding of both Atlantic and Pacific populations of all three scoter species across North America. Our results increase our understanding of how current surveys enumerate scoters and will inform possible supplemental efforts to improve continental monitoring of scoter populations.