{"pageNumber":"885","pageRowStart":"22100","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40783,"records":[{"id":70000480,"text":"70000480 - 2008 - Flow unit modeling and fine-scale predicted permeability validation in Atokan sandstones: Norcan East Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:37","indexId":"70000480","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flow unit modeling and fine-scale predicted permeability validation in Atokan sandstones: Norcan East Kansas","docAbstract":"Characterizing the reservoir interval into flow units is an effective way to subdivide the net-pay zone into layers for reservoir simulation. Commonly used flow unit identification techniques require a reliable estimate of permeability in the net pay on a foot-by-foot basis. Most of the wells do not have cores, and the literature is replete with different kinds of correlations, transforms, and prediction methods for profiling permeability in pay. However, for robust flow unit determination, predicted permeability at noncored wells requires validation and, if necessary, refinement. This study outlines the use o f a spreadsheet-based permeability validation technique to characterize flow units in wells from the Norcan East field, Clark County, Kansas, that produce from Atokan aged fine- to very fine-grained quartzarenite sandstones interpreted to have been deposited in brackish-water, tidally dominated restricted tidal-flat, tidal-channel, tidal-bar, and estuary bay environments within a small incised-valley-fill system. The methodology outlined enables the identification of fieldwide free-water level and validates and refines predicted permeability at 0.5-ft (0.15-m) intervals by iteratively reconciling differences in water saturation calculated from wire-line log and a capillary-pressure formulation that models fine- to very fine-grained sandstone with diagenetic clay and silt or shale laminae. The effectiveness of this methodology was confirmed by successfully matching primary and secondary production histories using a flow unit-based reservoir model of the Norcan East field without permeability modifications. The methodologies discussed should prove useful for robust flow unit characterization of different kinds of reservoirs. Copyright ?? 2008. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1306/01140807081","issn":"01491423","usgsCitation":"Bhattacharya, S., Byrnes, A., Watney, W., and Doveton, J., 2008, Flow unit modeling and fine-scale predicted permeability validation in Atokan sandstones: Norcan East Kansas: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 92, no. 6, p. 709-732, https://doi.org/10.1306/01140807081.","startPage":"709","endPage":"732","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203669,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18894,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1306/01140807081"}],"volume":"92","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de809","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bhattacharya, S.","contributorId":97226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bhattacharya","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Byrnes, A.P.","contributorId":76057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byrnes","given":"A.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Watney, W.L.","contributorId":43087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watney","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doveton, J.H.","contributorId":30237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doveton","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70000482,"text":"70000482 - 2008 - Analytical and numerical analyses of an unconfined aquifer test considering unsaturated zone characteristics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:33","indexId":"70000482","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analytical and numerical analyses of an unconfined aquifer test considering unsaturated zone characteristics","docAbstract":"A 7-d, constant rate aquifer test conducted by University of Waterloo researchers at Canadian Forces Base Borden in Ontario, Canada, is useful for advancing understanding of fluid flow processes in response to pumping from an unconfined aquifer. Measured data include not only drawdown in the saturated zone but also volumetric soil moisture measured at various times and distances from the pumped well. Analytical analyses were conducted with the model published in 2001 by Moench and colleagues, which allows for gradual drainage but does not include unsaturated zone characteristics, and the model published in 2006 by Mathias and Butler, which assumes that moisture retention and relative hydraulic conductivity (RHC) in the unsaturated zone are exponential functions of pressure head. Parameters estimated with either model yield good matches between measured and simulated drawdowns in piezometers. Numerical analyses were conducted with two versions of VS2DT: one that uses traditional Brooks and Corey functional relations and one that uses a RHC function introduced in 2001 by Assouline that includes an additional parameter that accounts for soil structure and texture. The analytical model of Mathias and Butler and numerical model of VS2DT with the Assouline model both show that the RHC function must contain a fitting parameter that is different from that used in the moisture retention function. Results show the influence of field-scale heterogeneity and suggest that the RHC at the Borden site declines more rapidly with elevation above the top of the capillary fringe than would be expected if the parameters were to reflect local- or core-scale soil structure and texture.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2006WR005736","issn":"00431397","usgsCitation":"Moench, A., 2008, Analytical and numerical analyses of an unconfined aquifer test considering unsaturated zone characteristics: Water Resources Research, v. 44, no. 6, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006WR005736.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203785,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18896,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006WR005736"}],"volume":"44","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acee4b07f02db67f421","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moench, A.F.","contributorId":91495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moench","given":"A.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70000487,"text":"70000487 - 2008 - A reference data set of hillslope rainfall-runoff response, Panola Mountain Research Watershed, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:36","indexId":"70000487","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A reference data set of hillslope rainfall-runoff response, Panola Mountain Research Watershed, United States","docAbstract":"Although many hillslope hydrologic investigations have been conducted in different climate, topographic, and geologic settings, subsurface stormflow remains a poorly characterized runoff process. Few, if any, of the existing data sets from these hillslope investigations are available for use by the scientific community for model development and validation or conceptualization of subsurface stormflow. We present a high-resolution spatial and temporal rainfall-runoff data set generated from the Panola Mountain Research Watershed trenched experimental hillslope. The data set includes surface and subsurface (bedrock surface) topographic information and time series of lateral subsurface flow at the trench, rainfall, and subsurface moisture content (distributed soil moisture content and groundwater levels) from January to June 2002. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007WR006299","issn":"00431397","usgsCitation":"Tromp-van, M.H., James, A., McDonnell, J.J., and Peters, N., 2008, A reference data set of hillslope rainfall-runoff response, Panola Mountain Research Watershed, United States: Water Resources Research, v. 44, no. 6, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006299.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476543,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007wr006299","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":203405,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18899,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006299"}],"volume":"44","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a848b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tromp-van, Meerveld H. J. H. J.","contributorId":54710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tromp-van","given":"Meerveld","suffix":"H. J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"James, A.L.","contributorId":40710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"James","given":"A.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McDonnell, Jeffery J. 0000-0002-3880-3162","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3880-3162","contributorId":62723,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDonnell","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peters, N.E.","contributorId":33332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70000501,"text":"70000501 - 2008 - Satellite-derived aerosol radiative forcing from the 2004 British Columbia wildfires","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T14:14:37","indexId":"70000501","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":921,"text":"Atmosphere - Ocean","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Satellite-derived aerosol radiative forcing from the 2004 British Columbia wildfires","docAbstract":"The British Columbia wildfires of 2004 was one of the largest wildfire events in the last ten years in Canada. Both the shortwave and longwave smoke aerosol radiative forcing at the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) are investigated using data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) instruments. Relationships between the radiative forcing fluxes (??F) and wildfire aerosol optical thickness (AOT) at 0.55 ??m (??0.55) are deduced for both noontime instantaneous forcing and diurnally averaged forcing. The noontime averaged instantaneous shortwave and longwave smoke aerosol radiative forcing at the TOA are 45.8??27.5 W m-2 and -12.6??6.9 W m-2, respectively for a selected study area between 62??N and 68??N in latitude and 125??W and 145??W in longitude over three mainly clear-sky days (23-25 June). The derived diurnally averaged smoke aerosol shortwave radiative forcing is 19.9??12.1 W m-2 for a mean ??0.55 of 1.88??0.71 over the same time period. The derived ??F-?? relationship can be implemented in the radiation scheme used in regional climate models to assess the effect of wildfire aerosols.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.3137/ao.460201","issn":"07055900","usgsCitation":"Guo, S., and Leighton, H., 2008, Satellite-derived aerosol radiative forcing from the 2004 British Columbia wildfires: Atmosphere - Ocean, v. 46, no. 2, p. 203-212, https://doi.org/10.3137/ao.460201.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"203","endPage":"212","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203545,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18910,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3137/ao.460201"}],"volume":"46","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db6055ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guo, Song 0000-0001-8823-188X sguo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8823-188X","contributorId":5245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guo","given":"Song","email":"sguo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":346069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leighton, H.","contributorId":74859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leighton","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70000519,"text":"70000519 - 2008 - Anticorrelated seismic velocity anomalies from post-perovskite in the lowermost mantle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:37","indexId":"70000519","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anticorrelated seismic velocity anomalies from post-perovskite in the lowermost mantle","docAbstract":"Earth's lowermost mantle has thermal, chemical, and mineralogical complexities that require precise seismological characterization. Stacking, migration, and modeling of over 10,000 P and S waves that traverse the deep mantle under the Cocos plate resolve structures above the core-mantle boundary. A small -0.07 ?? 0.15% decrease of P wave velocity (Vp) is accompanied by a 1.5 ?? 0.5% increase in S wave velocity (Vs) near a depth of 2570 km. Bulk-sound velocity [Vb = (V p2 - 4/3Vs2)1/2] decreases by -1.0 ?? 0.5% at this depth. Transition of the primary lower-mantle mineral, (Mg1-x-y FexAly)(Si,Al) O3 perovskite, to denser post-perovskite is expected to have a negligible effect on the bulk modulus while increasing the shear modulus by ???6%, resulting in local anticorrelation of Vb and Vs anomalies; this behavior explains the data well.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1126/science.1155822","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Hutko, A.R., Lay, T., Revenaugh, J., and Garnero, E., 2008, Anticorrelated seismic velocity anomalies from post-perovskite in the lowermost mantle: Science, v. 320, no. 5879, p. 1070-1074, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1155822.","startPage":"1070","endPage":"1074","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203803,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18922,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1155822"}],"volume":"320","issue":"5879","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acbe4b07f02db67e378","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hutko, Alexander R.","contributorId":101788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutko","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lay, T.","contributorId":49909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lay","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Revenaugh, Justin","contributorId":86465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Revenaugh","given":"Justin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Garnero, E.J.","contributorId":102191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garnero","given":"E.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70000532,"text":"70000532 - 2008 - Paleoclimatic significance of chemical weathering in loess-derived paleosols of subarctic central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:37","indexId":"70000532","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":899,"text":"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleoclimatic significance of chemical weathering in loess-derived paleosols of subarctic central Alaska","docAbstract":"Chemical weathering in soils has not been studied extensively in high-latitude regions. Loess sequences with modern soils and paleosols are present in much of subarctic Alaska, and allow an assessment of present and past chemical weathering. Five sections were studied in detail in the Fairbanks, Alaska, area. Paleosols likely date to mid-Pleistocene interglacials, the last interglacial, and early-to-mid-Wisconsin interstadiale. Ratios of mobile (Na, Ca, Mg, Si) to immobile (Ti or Zr) elements indicate that modern soils and most interstadial and interglacial paleosols are characterized by significant chemical weathering. Na2O/TiO2 is lower in modern soils and most paleosols compared to parent loess, indicating depletion of plagioclase. In the clay fraction, smectite is present in Tanana and Yukon River source sediments, but is absent or poorly expressed in modern soils and paleosols, indicating depletion of this mineral also. Loss of both plagioclase and smectite is well expressed in soils and paleosols as lower SiO 2/TiO2. Carbonates are present in the river source sediments, but based on CaO/TiO2, they are depleted in soils and most paleosols (with one exception in the early-to-mid-Wisconsin period). Thus, most soil-forming intervals during past interglacial and interstadial periods in Alaska had climatic regimes that were at least as favorable to mineral weathering as today, and suggest boreal forest or acidic tundra vegetation. ?? 2008 Regents of the University of Colorado.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1657/1523-0430(07-022)[MUHS]2.0.CO;2","issn":"15230430","usgsCitation":"Muhs, D., Ager, T.A., Skipp, G., Beann, J., Budahn, J., and McGeehin, J., 2008, Paleoclimatic significance of chemical weathering in loess-derived paleosols of subarctic central Alaska: Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, v. 40, no. 2, p. 396-411, https://doi.org/10.1657/1523-0430(07-022)[MUHS]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"396","endPage":"411","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476545,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1657/1523-0430%2807-022%29%5BMUHS%5D2.0.CO%3B2","text":"External Repository"},{"id":203578,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18931,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1657/1523-0430(07-022)[MUHS]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"40","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a73cee4b0c8380cd7725e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muhs, D.R. 0000-0001-7449-251X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":61460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ager, T. A.","contributorId":88386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ager","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Skipp, G.","contributorId":49899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skipp","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beann, J.","contributorId":24075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beann","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Budahn, J. 0000-0001-9794-8882","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9794-8882","contributorId":33034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budahn","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McGeehin, J. P. 0000-0002-5320-6091","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5320-6091","contributorId":48593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGeehin","given":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70000507,"text":"70000507 - 2008 - Simulated ground motion in Santa Clara Valley, California, and vicinity from M≥6.7 scenario earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-27T14:34:37","indexId":"70000507","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulated ground motion in Santa Clara Valley, California, and vicinity from M≥6.7 scenario earthquakes","docAbstract":"<p>Models of the Santa Clara Valley (SCV) 3D velocity structure and 3D finite-difference software are used to predict ground motions from scenario earthquakes on the San Andreas (SAF), Monte Vista/Shannon, South Hayward, and Calaveras faults. Twenty different scenario ruptures are considered that explore different source models with alternative hypocenters, fault dimensions, and rupture velocities and three different velocity models. Ground motion from the full wave field up to 1&nbsp;Hz is exhibited as maps of peak horizontal velocity and pseudospectral acceleration at periods of 1, 3, and 5&nbsp;sec. Basin edge effects and amplification in sedimentary basins of the SCV are observed that exhibit effects from shallow sediments with relatively low shear-wave velocity (330 m/sec). Scenario earthquakes have been simulated for events with the following magnitudes: (1)&nbsp;<strong>M</strong>&nbsp;6.8&ndash;7.4 Calaveras sources, (2)&nbsp;<strong>M</strong>&nbsp;6.7&ndash;6.9 South Hayward sources, (3)&nbsp;<strong>M</strong>&nbsp;6.7 Monte Vista/Shannon sources, and (4)&nbsp;<strong>M</strong>&nbsp;7.1&ndash;7.2 Peninsula segment of the SAF sources. Ground motions are strongly influenced by source parameters such as rupture velocity, rise time, maximum depth of rupture, hypocenter, and source directivity. Cenozoic basins also exert a strong influence on ground motion. For example, the Evergreen Basin on the northeastern side of the SCV is especially responsive to 3&ndash;5-sec energy from most scenario earthquakes. The Cupertino Basin on the southwestern edge of the SCV tends to be highly excited by many Peninsula and Monte Vista fault scenarios. Sites over the interior of the Evergreen Basin can have long-duration coda that reflect the trapping of seismic energy within this basin. Plausible scenarios produce predominantly 5-sec wave trains with greater than 30 cm/sec sustained ground-motion amplitude with greater than 30&nbsp;sec duration within the Evergreen Basin.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Stanford","doi":"10.1785/0120060230","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Harmsen, S., and Hartzell, S.H., 2008, Simulated ground motion in Santa Clara Valley, California, and vicinity from M≥6.7 scenario earthquakes: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 98, no. 3, p. 1243-1271, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120060230.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"1243","endPage":"1271","numberOfPages":"29","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203361,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18913,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120060230"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Clara Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.1240234375,\n              38.02213147353745\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.8216552734375,\n              37.56635122499224\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.72302246093749,\n              36.76529191711624\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.99243164062501,\n              37.19095471582608\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.1240234375,\n              38.02213147353745\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"98","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f9e4b07f02db5f331d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harmsen, Stephen C. harmsen@usgs.gov","contributorId":1795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harmsen","given":"Stephen C.","email":"harmsen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":346082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hartzell, Stephen H. 0000-0003-0858-9043 shartzell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0858-9043","contributorId":2594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartzell","given":"Stephen","email":"shartzell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":346081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70000476,"text":"70000476 - 2008 - Population size and relative abundance of adult Alabama shad reaching jim woodruff lock and dam, Apalachicola River, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:38","indexId":"70000476","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population size and relative abundance of adult Alabama shad reaching jim woodruff lock and dam, Apalachicola River, Florida","docAbstract":"We estimated the population size of migrating Alabama shad Alosa alabamae below Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam in the Apalachicola River (located in the central panhandle of northwestern Florida) using mark-recapture and relative abundance techniques. After adjustment for tag loss, emigration, and mortality, the population size was estimated as 25,935 (95% confidence interval, 17,715-39,535) in 2005, 2,767 (838-5,031) in 2006, and 8,511 (5,211-14,674) in 2007. The cumulative catch rate from boat electrofishing averaged 20.47 Alabama shad per hour in 2005, 6.10 per hour in 2006, and 13.17 per hour in 2007. The relationship between population size (N) and electrofishing catch per unit effort (CPUE) was modeled by the equation N = -9008.2 + (electrofishing CPUE X 1616.4). Additionally, in 2007 the hook-and-line catch rate averaged 1.94 Alabama shad per rod hour. A predictive model relating the population size and hook-and-line CPUE of spawning American shad A. sapidissima was applied to Alabama shad hook-and-line CPUE and produced satisfactory results. Recent spawning populations of Alabama shad in the Apalachicola River are low relative to American shad populations in other southeastern U.S. rivers. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/M07-124.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Ely, P.C., Young, S., and Isely, J.J., 2008, Population size and relative abundance of adult Alabama shad reaching jim woodruff lock and dam, Apalachicola River, Florida: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 28, no. 3, p. 827-831, https://doi.org/10.1577/M07-124.1.","startPage":"827","endPage":"831","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203254,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18890,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M07-124.1"}],"volume":"28","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db683e6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ely, Patrick C.","contributorId":42686,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ely","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13267,"text":"Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":345988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Young, S.P.","contributorId":50265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Isely, J. Jeffery","contributorId":97224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Isely","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Jeffery","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70000455,"text":"70000455 - 2008 - Structure, stratigraphy, and origin of Husband Hill, Columbia Hills, Gusev Crater, Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:36","indexId":"70000455","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structure, stratigraphy, and origin of Husband Hill, Columbia Hills, Gusev Crater, Mars","docAbstract":"The strike and dip of lithologic units imaged in stereo by the Spirit rover in the Columbia Hills using three-dimensional imaging software shows that measured dips (15-32??) for bedding on the main edifice of the Columbia Hill are steeper than local topography (???8-10??). Outcrops measured on West Spur are conformable in strike with shallower dips (7-15??) than observed on Husband Hill. Dips are consistent with observed strata draping the Columbia Hills. Initial uplift was likely related either to the formation of the Gusev Crater central peak or ring or through mutual interference of overlapping crater rims. Uplift was followed by subsequent draping by a series of impact and volcaniclastic materials that experienced temporally and spatially variable aqueous infiltration, cementation, and alteration episodically during or after deposition. West Spur likely represents a spatially isolated depositional event. Erosion by a variety of processes, including mass wasting, removed tens of meters of materials and formed the Tennessee Valley primarily after deposition. This was followed by eruption of the Adirondack-class plains basalt lava flows which embayed the Columbia Hills. Minor erosion, impact, and aeolian processes have subsequently modified the Columbia Hills. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007JE003041","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"McCoy, T., Sims, M., Schmidt, M., Edwards, L., Tornabene, L., Crumpler, L., Cohen, B.A., Soderblom, L., Blaney, D., Squyres, S.W., Arvidson, R., Rica, J., Treguier, E., d’Uston, C., Grant, J.A., McSween, H., Golombek, M., Haldemann, A.F., and de Souza, P., 2008, Structure, stratigraphy, and origin of Husband Hill, Columbia Hills, Gusev Crater, Mars: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 113, no. 6, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JE003041.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476532,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007je003041","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":18873,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JE003041"},{"id":203516,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b13e4b07f02db6a33fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCoy, T.J.","contributorId":84883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCoy","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sims, M.","contributorId":52695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sims","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmidt, M.E.","contributorId":53075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Edwards, L.","contributorId":91976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tornabene, L.L.","contributorId":99679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tornabene","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Crumpler, L.S.","contributorId":81575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crumpler","given":"L.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cohen, B. A.","contributorId":34239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohen","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Soderblom, L.A. 0000-0002-0917-853X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0917-853X","contributorId":6139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soderblom","given":"L.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Blaney, D.L.","contributorId":43477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blaney","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Squyres, S. W.","contributorId":31836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Squyres","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Arvidson, R. E.","contributorId":46666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arvidson","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Rica, J.W.","contributorId":85699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rica","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Treguier, E.","contributorId":58750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Treguier","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"d’Uston, C.","contributorId":38689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"d’Uston","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Grant, J. A.","contributorId":28334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"McSween, H.Y.","contributorId":64370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McSween","given":"H.Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Golombek, M.P.","contributorId":52696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golombek","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Haldemann, A. F. C.","contributorId":33437,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haldemann","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"F. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"de Souza, P.A.","contributorId":57579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"de Souza","given":"P.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}}
,{"id":70000533,"text":"70000533 - 2008 - Determining Titan's spin state from Cassini RADAR images","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-05T16:47:25","indexId":"70000533","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":914,"text":"Astronomical Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determining Titan's spin state from Cassini RADAR images","docAbstract":"<p>For some 19 areas of Titan's surface, the Cassini RADAR instrument has obtained synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images during two different flybys. The time interval between flybys varies from several weeks to two years. We have used the apparent misregistration (by 10-30 km) of features between separate flybys to construct a refined model of Titan's spin state, estimating six parameters: north pole right ascension and declination, spin rate, and these quantities' first time derivatives We determine a pole location with right ascension of 39.48 degrees and declination of 83.43 degrees corresponding to a 0.3 degree obliquity. We determine the spin rate to be 22.5781 deg day -1 or 0.001 deg day-1 faster than the synchronous spin rate. Our estimated corrections to the pole and spin rate exceed their corresponding standard errors by factors of 80 and 8, respectively. We also found that the rate of change in the pole right ascension is -30 deg century-1, ten times faster than right ascension rate of change for the orbit normal. The spin rate is increasing at a rate of 0.05 deg day -1 per century. We observed no significant change in pole declination over the period for which we have data. Applying our pole correction reduces the feature misregistration from tens of km to 3 km. Applying the spin rate and derivative corrections further reduces the misregistration to 1.2 km.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Astronomical Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Astronomical Society","doi":"10.1088/0004-6256/135/5/1669","issn":"00046256","usgsCitation":"Stiles, B., Kirk, R.L., Lorenz, R.D., Hensley, S., Lee, E., Ostro, S., Allison, M., Callahan, P., Gim, Y., Iess, L., Marmo, D., Hamilton, G., Johnson, W., and West, R., 2008, Determining Titan's spin state from Cassini RADAR images: Astronomical Journal, v. 135, no. 5, p. 1669-1680, https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/135/5/1669.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1669","endPage":"1680","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203644,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Titan","volume":"135","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-03-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667369","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stiles, B.W.","contributorId":43900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stiles","given":"B.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kirk, Randolph L. 0000-0003-0842-9226 rkirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226","contributorId":2765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randolph","email":"rkirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":346222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lorenz, R. D.","contributorId":90441,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lorenz","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hensley, S.","contributorId":6175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hensley","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lee, E.","contributorId":47716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ostro, S.J.","contributorId":45814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostro","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Allison, M.D.","contributorId":76056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allison","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Callahan, P.S.","contributorId":43478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Callahan","given":"P.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gim, Y.","contributorId":14934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gim","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Iess, L.","contributorId":105837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iess","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Marmo, Del","contributorId":63929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marmo","given":"Del","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Hamilton, G.","contributorId":108236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Johnson, W.T.K.","contributorId":27174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W.T.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"West, R.D.","contributorId":103399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"West","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":70000526,"text":"70000526 - 2008 - Rock magnetic characterization of faulted sediments with associated magnetic anomalies in the Albuquerque Basin, Rio Grande rift, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:38","indexId":"70000526","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rock magnetic characterization of faulted sediments with associated magnetic anomalies in the Albuquerque Basin, Rio Grande rift, New Mexico","docAbstract":"Variations in rock magnetic properties are responsible for the many linear, short-wavelength, low-amplitude magnetic anomalies that are spatially associated with faults that cut Neogene basin sediments in the Rio Grande rift, including the San Ysidro normal fault, which is well exposed in the northern part of the Albuquerque Basin. Magnetic-susceptibility measurements from 310 sites distributed through a 1200-m-thick composite section of rift-filling sediments of the Santa Fe Group and prerift Eocene and Cretaceous sedimentary rocks document large variations of magnetic properties juxtaposed by the San Ysidro fault. Mean volume magnetic susceptibilities generally increase upsection through eight map units: from 1.7 to 2.2E-4 in the prerift Eocene and Cretaceous rocks to 9.9E-4-1.2E-3 in three members of the Miocene Zia Formation of the Santa Fe Group to 1.5E-3-3.5E-3 in three members of the Miocene-Pleistocene Arroyo Ojito Formation of the Santa Fe Group. Rock magnetic measurements and petrography indicate that the amount of detrital magnetite and its variable oxidation to maghemite and hematite within the Santa Fe Group sediments are the predominant controls of their magnetic property variations. Magnetic susceptibility increases progressively with sediment grain size within the members of the Arroyo Ojito Formation (deposited in fluvial environments) but within members of the Zia Formation (deposited in mostly eolian environments) reaches highest values in fine to medium sands. Partial oxidation of detrital magnetite is spatially associated with calcite cementation in the Santa Fe Group. Both oxidation and cementation probably reflect past flow of groundwater through permeable zones. Magnetic models for geologic cross sections that incorporate mean magnetic susceptibilities for the different stratigraphic units mimic the aeromagnetic profiles across the San Ysidro fault and demonstrate that the stratigraphic level of dominant magnetic contrast changes with different exposure levels into the fault. These data indicate that tectonic juxtaposition of primary variations of magnetic properties of strata across the fault is the source of the associated magnetic anomaly. This study indicates that magnetic anomalies over faults and folds can be generated by sediments (1) deposited within tectonic basins having volcanic or basement source areas rich in magnetite, (2) having depositional environments with sufficient but varying energy to transport dense magnetic minerals and cause stratigraphic changes of magnetic properties, and (3) having magnetic minerals preserved owing to their youth or nonreactive geochemical environments. ?? 2007 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/B26213.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Hudson, M., Grauch, V.J., and Minor, S., 2008, Rock magnetic characterization of faulted sediments with associated magnetic anomalies in the Albuquerque Basin, Rio Grande rift, New Mexico: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 120, no. 5-6, p. 641-658, https://doi.org/10.1130/B26213.1.","startPage":"641","endPage":"658","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203673,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18927,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B26213.1"}],"volume":"120","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-04-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0fe4b07f02db5fea04","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hudson, M.R.","contributorId":68317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grauch, V. J. S. 0000-0002-0761-3489","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-3489","contributorId":34125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Minor, S.A.","contributorId":65047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minor","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70000517,"text":"70000517 - 2008 - Evaluating the effects of historical land cover change on summertime weather and climate in New Jersey: Land cover and surface energy budget changes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-18T16:55:15.838611","indexId":"70000517","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7442,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating the effects of historical land cover change on summertime weather and climate in New Jersey: Land cover and surface energy budget changes","docAbstract":"The 19th-century agrarian landscape of New Jersey (NJ) and the surrounding region has been extensively transformed to the present-day land cover by urbanization, reforestation, and localized areas of deforestation. This study used a mesoscale atmospheric numerical model to investigate the sensitivity of the warm season climate of NJ to these land cover changes. Reconstructed 1880s-era and present-day land cover data sets were used as surface boundary conditions for a set of simulations performed with the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS). Three-member ensembles with historical and present-day land cover were compared to examine the sensitivity of surface air and dew point temperatures, rainfall, and the individual components of the surface energy budget to these land cover changes. Mean temperatures for the present-day landscape were 0.3-0.6??C warmer than for the historical landscape over a considerable portion of NJ and the surrounding region, with daily maximum temperatures at least 1.0??C warmer over some of the highly urbanized locations. Reforested regions, however, were slightly cooler. Dew point temperatures decreased by 0.3-0.6??C, suggesting drier, less humid near-surface air for the present-day landscape. Surface warming was generally associated with repartitioning of net radiation from latent to sensible heat flux, and conversely for cooling. While urbanization was accompanied by strong surface albedo decreases and increases in net shortwave radiation, reforestation and potential changes in forest composition have generally increased albedos and also enhanced landscape heterogeneity. The increased deciduousness of forests may have further reduced net downward longwave radiation. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2007JD008514","usgsCitation":"Wichansky, P.S., Steyaert, L.T., Walko, R.L., and Waever, C.P., 2008, Evaluating the effects of historical land cover change on summertime weather and climate in New Jersey: Land cover and surface energy budget changes: Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, v. 113, no. 10, D10107, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD008514.","productDescription":"D10107, 25 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476538,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007jd008514","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":203627,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New 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S.","contributorId":7401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wichansky","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steyaert, L. T.","contributorId":71303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steyaert","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walko, R. L.","contributorId":25521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walko","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Waever, C. P.","contributorId":32276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waever","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70000448,"text":"70000448 - 2008 - Distributed energy balance modeling of South Cascade Glacier, Washington and assessment of model uncertainty","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:34","indexId":"70000448","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distributed energy balance modeling of South Cascade Glacier, Washington and assessment of model uncertainty","docAbstract":"We have developed a physically based, distributed surface energy balance model to simulate glacier mass balance under meteorological and climatological forcing. Here we apply the model to estimate summer ablation on South Cascade Glacier, Washington, for the 2004 and 2005 mass balance seasons. To arrive at optimal mass balance simulations, we investigate and quantify model uncertainty associated with selecting from a range of physical parameter values that are not commonly measured in glaciological mass balance field studies. We optimize the performance of the model by varying values for atmospheric transmissivity, the albedo of surrounding topography, precipitation-elevation lapse rate, surface roughness for turbulent exchange of momentum, and snow albedo aging coefficient. Of these the snow aging parameter and precipitation lapse rates have the greatest influence on the modeled ablation. We examined model sensitivity to varying parameters by performing an additional 103 realizations with parameters randomly chosen over a ??5% range centered about the optimum values. The best fit suite of model parameters yielded a net balance of -1.69??0.38 m water equivalent (WE) for the 2004 water year and -2.10??0.30 m WE up to 11 September 2005. The 2004 result is within 3% of the measured value. These simulations account for 91% and 93% of the variance in measured ablation for the respective years. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007JF000850","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Anslow, F.S., Hostetler, S., Bidlake, W.R., and Clark, P., 2008, Distributed energy balance modeling of South Cascade Glacier, Washington and assessment of model uncertainty: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 113, no. 2, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JF000850.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476530,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007jf000850","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":18868,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JF000850"},{"id":203598,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-05-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a197","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anslow, Faron S.","contributorId":35442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anslow","given":"Faron","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hostetler, S. 0000-0003-2272-8302","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2272-8302","contributorId":30336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostetler","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bidlake, W. R.","contributorId":28953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bidlake","given":"W.","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clark, P.U.","contributorId":78449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"P.U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70000449,"text":"70000449 - 2008 - Surface albedo observations at Gusev Crater and Meridiani Planum, Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:35","indexId":"70000449","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surface albedo observations at Gusev Crater and Meridiani Planum, Mars","docAbstract":"During the Mars Exploration Rover mission, the Pancam instrument has periodically acquired large-scale panoramic images with its broadband (739??338 nm) filter in order to estimate the Lambert bolometric albedo of the surface along each rover's traverse. In this work we present the full suite of such estimated albedo values measured to date by the Spirit and Opportunity rovers along their traverses in Gusev Crater and Meridiani Planum, respectively. We include estimated bolometric albedo values of individual surface features (e.g., outcrops, dusty plains, aeolian bed forms, wheel tracks, light-toned soils, and crater walls) as well as overall surface averages of the 43 total panoramic albedo data sets acquired to date. We also present comparisons to estimated Lambert albedo values taken from the Mars Global Surveyor Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) along the rovers' traverses, and to the large-scale bolometric albedos of the sites from the Viking Orbiter Infrared Thermal Mapper (IRTM) and Mars Global Surveyor/Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES). The ranges of Pancam-derived albedos at Gusev Crater (0.14 to 0.25) and in Meridiani Planum. (0.10 to 0.18) are in good agreement with IRTM, TES, and MOC orbital measurements. These data sets will be a useful tool and benchmark for future investigations of albodo variations with time, including measurements from orbital instruments like the Context Camera and High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment on Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. Long-term, accurate albedo measurements could also be important for future efforts in climate modeling as well as for studies of active surface processes. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007JE002976","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Bell, J., Rice, M., Johnson, J.R., and Hare, T., 2008, Surface albedo observations at Gusev Crater and Meridiani Planum, Mars: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 113, no. 6, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JE002976.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":18869,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JE002976"},{"id":203435,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-05-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db697365","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bell, J.F. III","contributorId":97612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"J.F.","suffix":"III","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rice, M.S.","contributorId":105027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"M.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, J. R.","contributorId":69278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hare, T.M. 0000-0001-8842-389X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8842-389X","contributorId":43828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hare","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70000477,"text":"70000477 - 2008 - Using bioenergetics modeling to estimate consumption of native juvenile salmonids by nonnative northern pike in the Upper Flathead River System, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-22T10:13:17","indexId":"70000477","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using bioenergetics modeling to estimate consumption of native juvenile salmonids by nonnative northern pike in the Upper Flathead River System, Montana","docAbstract":"<p>Introductions of nonnative northern pike Esox lucius have created recreational fisheries in many waters in the United States and Canada, yet many studies have shown that introduced northern pike may alter the composition and structure of fish communities through predation. We estimated the abundance of nonnative northern pike (2002-2003) and applied food habits data (1999-2003) to estimate their annual consumption of native bull trout Salvelinus confluentus and westslope cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi juveniles in the upper Flathead River system, Montana. Population estimates were generally consistent among years and ranged from 1,200 to 1,300 individuals. Westslope cutthroat trout were present in the diet of younger (???600 mm) and older (&gt;600 mm) northern pike during all seasons and bull trout were found only in larger northern pike during all seasons but summer. Bioenergetics modeling estimated that the northern pike population annually consumed a total of 8.0 metric tons (mt) of fish flesh; the highest biomass was composed of cyprinids (4.95 mt) followed by whitefishes Prosopium spp. (1.02 mt), bull trout (0.80 mt), westslope cutthroat trout (0.68 mt), yellow perch Perca flavescens (0.41 mt),1 and other fishes (centrarchids and cottids; 0.14 mt). Numerically, the northern pike population consumed more than 342,000 fish; cyprinids and catostomids comprised approximately 82% of prey fish (278,925), whereas over 13,000 westslope cutthroat trout and nearly 3,500 bull trout were eaten, comprising about 5% of the prey consumed. Our results suggest that predation by introduced northern pike is contributing to the lower abundance of native salmonids in the system and that a possible benefit might accrue to native salmonids by reducing these predatory interactions. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2008.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/M07-004.1","usgsCitation":"Muhlfeld, C., Bennett, D., Kirk, S.R., Marotz, B., and Boyer, M., 2008, Using bioenergetics modeling to estimate consumption of native juvenile salmonids by nonnative northern pike in the Upper Flathead River System, Montana: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 28, no. 3, p. 636-648, https://doi.org/10.1577/M07-004.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"636","endPage":"648","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203394,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18891,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M07-004.1"}],"volume":"28","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adfe4b07f02db6879d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muhlfeld, C.C.","contributorId":97850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhlfeld","given":"C.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bennett, D.H.","contributorId":28698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirk, Steinhorst R.","contributorId":74114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Steinhorst","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marotz, B.","contributorId":48684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marotz","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Boyer, M.","contributorId":80390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyer","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70000514,"text":"70000514 - 2008 - Low reservoir ages for the surface ocean from mid-Holocene Florida corals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:38","indexId":"70000514","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3002,"text":"Paleoceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Low reservoir ages for the surface ocean from mid-Holocene Florida corals","docAbstract":"The 14C reservoir age of the surface ocean was determined for two Holocene periods (4908-4955 and 3008-3066 calendar (cal) B.P.) using U/Th-dated corals from Biscayne National Park, Florida, United States. We found that the average reservoir ages for these two time periods (294 ?? 33 and 291 ?? 27 years, respectively) were lower than the average value between A.D. 1600 and 1900 (390 ?? 60 years) from corals. It appears that the surface ocean was closer to isotopic equilibrium with CO2 in the atmosphere during these two time periods than it was during recent times. Seasonal ??18O measurements from the younger coral are similar to modern values, suggesting that mixing with open ocean waters was indeed occurring during this coral's lifetime. Likely explanations for the lower reservoir age include increased stratification of the surface ocean or increased ??14C values of subsurface waters that mix into the surface. Our results imply that a more correct reservoir age correction for radiocarbon measurements of marine samples in this location from the time periods ???3040 and ???4930 cal years B.P. is ???292 ?? 30 years, less than the canonical value of 404 ?? 20 years. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Paleoceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007PA001527","issn":"08838305","usgsCitation":"Druffel, E., Robinson, L., Griffin, S., Halley, R.B., Southon, J.R., and Adkins, J., 2008, Low reservoir ages for the surface ocean from mid-Holocene Florida corals: Paleoceanography, v. 23, no. 2, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007PA001527.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476633,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007pa001527","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":203333,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18918,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007PA001527"}],"volume":"23","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-05-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640c0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Druffel, E.R.M.","contributorId":7398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Druffel","given":"E.R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, L.F.","contributorId":75256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"L.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Griffin, S.","contributorId":56357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Halley, R. B.","contributorId":87941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halley","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Southon, J. R.","contributorId":24895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Southon","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Adkins, J.F.","contributorId":90857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adkins","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70000481,"text":"70000481 - 2008 - Use of landsat ETM+ SLC-off segment-based gap-filled imagery for crop type mapping","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T14:38:53","indexId":"70000481","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1753,"text":"Geocarto International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of landsat ETM+ SLC-off segment-based gap-filled imagery for crop type mapping","docAbstract":"<p><span>Failure of the Scan Line Corrector (SLC) on the Landsat ETM+ sensor has had a major impact on many applications that rely on continuous medium resolution imagery to meet their objectives. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Cropland Data Layer (CDL) program uses Landsat imagery as the primary source of data to produce crop-specific maps for 20 states in the USA. A new method has been developed to fill the image gaps resulting from the SLC failure to support the needs of Landsat users who require coincident spectral data, such as for crop type mapping and monitoring. We tested the new gap-filled method for a CDL crop type mapping project in eastern Nebraska. Scan line gaps were simulated on two Landsat 5 images (spring and late summer 2003) and then gap-filled using landscape boundary models, or segment models, that were derived from 1992 and 2002 Landsat images (used in the gap-fill process). Various date combinations of original and gap-filled images were used to derive crop maps using a supervised classification process. Overall kappa values were slightly higher for crop maps derived from SLC-off gap-filled images compared to crop maps derived from the original imagery (0.3–1.3% higher). Although the age of the segment model used to derive the SLC-off gap-filled product did not negatively impact the overall agreement, differences in individual cover type agreement did increase (−0.8%–1.6% using the 2002 segment model to −5.0–5.1% using the 1992 segment model). Classification agreement also decreased for most of the classes as the size of the segment used in the gap-fill process increased.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10106040701207399","issn":"10106049","usgsCitation":"Maxwell, S., and Craig, M., 2008, Use of landsat ETM+ SLC-off segment-based gap-filled imagery for crop type mapping: Geocarto International, v. 23, no. 3, p. 169-179, https://doi.org/10.1080/10106040701207399.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"179","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203743,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18895,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10106040701207399"}],"volume":"23","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db6044cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maxwell, S.K.","contributorId":36665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maxwell","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Craig, M.E.","contributorId":39107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Craig","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70000483,"text":"70000483 - 2008 - Induced dynamic nonlinear ground response at Gamer Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:33","indexId":"70000483","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Induced dynamic nonlinear ground response at Gamer Valley, California","docAbstract":"We present results from a prototype experiment in which we actively induce, observe, and quantify in situ nonlinear sediment response in the near surface. This experiment was part of a suite of experiments conducted during August 2004 in Garner Valley, California, using a large mobile shaker truck from the Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES) facility. We deployed a dense accelerometer array within meters of the mobile shaker truck to replicate a controlled, laboratory-style soil dynamics experiment in order to observe wave-amplitude-dependent sediment properties. Ground motion exceeding 1g acceleration was produced near the shaker truck. The wave field was dominated by Rayleigh surface waves and ground motions were strong enough to produce observable nonlinear changes in wave velocity. We found that as the force load of the shaker increased, the Rayleigh-wave phase velocity decreased by as much as ???30% at the highest frequencies used (up to 30 Hz). Phase velocity dispersion curves were inverted for S-wave velocity as a function of depth using a simple isotropic elastic model to estimate the depth dependence of changes to the velocity structure. The greatest change in velocity occurred nearest the surface, within the upper 4 m. These estimated S-wave velocity values were used with estimates of surface strain to compare with laboratory-based shear modulus reduction measurements from the same site. Our results suggest that it may be possible to characterize nonlinear soil properties in situ using a noninvasive field technique.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120070124","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Lawrence, Z., Bodin, P., Langston, C., Pearce, F., Gomberg, J., Johnson, P., Menq, F., and Brackman, T., 2008, Induced dynamic nonlinear ground response at Gamer Valley, California: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 98, no. 3, p. 1412-1428, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120070124.","startPage":"1412","endPage":"1428","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476529,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2152/43261","text":"External Repository"},{"id":203501,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18897,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120070124"}],"volume":"98","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db68623f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lawrence, Z.","contributorId":12962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bodin, P.","contributorId":29554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodin","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Langston, C.A.","contributorId":84882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langston","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pearce, F.","contributorId":73322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gomberg, J.","contributorId":95994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomberg","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnson, P.A.","contributorId":91220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Menq, F.-Y.","contributorId":90024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menq","given":"F.-Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Brackman, T.","contributorId":70904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brackman","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70000442,"text":"70000442 - 2008 - Diurnal and vertical variability of the sensible heat and carbon dioxide budgets in the atmospheric surface layer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:35","indexId":"70000442","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:20","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2316,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diurnal and vertical variability of the sensible heat and carbon dioxide budgets in the atmospheric surface layer","docAbstract":"The diurnal and vertical variability of heat and carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmospheric surface layer are studied by analyzing measurements from a 213 in tower in Cabauw (Netherlands). Observations of thermodynamic variables and CO2 mixing ratio as well as vertical profiles of the turbulent fluxes are used to retrieve the contribution of the budget terms in the scalar conservation equation. On the basis of the daytime evolution of turbulent fluxes, we calculate the budget terms by assuming that turbulent fluxes follow a linear profile with height. This assumption is carefully tested and the deviation ftom linearity is quantified. The budget calculation allows us to assess the importance of advection of heat and CO2 during day hours for three selected days. It is found that, under nonadvective conditions, the diurnal variability of temperature and CO2 is well reproduced from the flux divergence measurements. Consequently, the vertical transport due to the turbulent flux plays a major role in the daytime evolution of both scalars and the advection is a relatively small contribution. During the analyzed days with a strong contribution of advection of either heat or carbon dioxide, the flux divergence is still an important contribution to the budget. For heat, the quantification of the advection contribution is in close agreement with results from a numerical model. For carbon dioxide, we qualitatively corroborate the results with a Lagrangian transport model. Our estimation of advection is compared with, traditional estimations based on the Net Ecosystem-atmosphere Exchange (NEE). Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007JD009583","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Casso-Torralba, P., de Arellano, J.V., Bosveld, F., Soler, M., Vermeulen, A., Werner, C., and Moors, E., 2008, Diurnal and vertical variability of the sensible heat and carbon dioxide budgets in the atmospheric surface layer: Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, v. 113, no. 12, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009583.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476553,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/diurnal-and-vertical-variability-of-the-sensible-heat-and-carbon--2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":18862,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009583"},{"id":203570,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6be4b07f02db63d8ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Casso-Torralba, P.","contributorId":102187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casso-Torralba","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"de Arellano, J. V. -G.","contributorId":14933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"de Arellano","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"V. -G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bosveld, F.","contributorId":55130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bosveld","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Soler, M.R.","contributorId":80393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soler","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vermeulen, A.","contributorId":31095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vermeulen","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Werner, C.","contributorId":72917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Werner","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Moors, E.","contributorId":43085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moors","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70000440,"text":"70000440 - 2008 - Oceanic loading of wildfire-derived organic compounds from a small mountainous river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:38","indexId":"70000440","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:20","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2319,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oceanic loading of wildfire-derived organic compounds from a small mountainous river","docAbstract":"Small mountainous rivers (SMRs) export substantial amounts of sediment into the world's oceans. The concomitant yield of organic carbon (OC) associated with this class of rivers has also been shown to be significant and compositionally unique. We report here excessively high loadings of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), lignin, and levoglucosan, discharged from the Santa Clara River into the Santa Barbara Channel. The abundance of PAHs, levoglucosan, and lignin in Santa Barbara Channel sediments ranged from 201.7 to 1232.3 ng gdw-1, 1.3 to 6.9 ??g gdw-1, and 0.3 to 2.2 mg per 100 mg of the sedimentary OC, respectively. Assuming a constant rate of sediment accumulation, the annual fluxes of PAHs, levoglucosan, and lignin, to the Santa Barbara Channel were respectively, 885.5 ?? 170.2 ng cm-2 a-1, 3.5 ?? 1.9 ??g cm-2 a-1 and 1.4 ?? 0.3 mg per 100 mg OC cm-2 a-1, over ???30 years. The close agreement between PAHs, levoglucosan, and lignin abundance suggests that the depositional flux of these compounds is largely biomass combustion-derived. To that end, use of the Santa Clara River as a model for SMRs suggests this class of rivers may be one of the largest contributors of pyrolyzed carbon to coastal systems and the open ocean. Wildfire associated carbon discharged from other high yield fluvial systems, when considered collectively, may be a significant source of lignin, pyrolytic PAHs, and other pyrogenic compounds to the ocean. Extrapolating these methods over geologic time may offer useful historical information about carbon sequestration and burial in coastal sediments and affect coastal carbon budgets. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007JG000476","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Hunsinger, G., Mitra, S., Warrick, J., and Alexander, C.R., 2008, Oceanic loading of wildfire-derived organic compounds from a small mountainous river: Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences, v. 113, no. 2, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JG000476.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476549,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007jg000476","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":18860,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JG000476"},{"id":203253,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-04-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a552c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunsinger, G.B.","contributorId":35857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunsinger","given":"G.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mitra, Siddhartha","contributorId":97608,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitra","given":"Siddhartha","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12616,"text":"Dept of Geological Sciences, East Carolina University,  Greenville, NC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":345748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Warrick, J.A.","contributorId":53503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Alexander, C. R.","contributorId":88855,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alexander","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70000462,"text":"70000462 - 2008 - The formation conditions of chondrules and chondrites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-02T16:18:14","indexId":"70000462","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:20","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The formation conditions of chondrules and chondrites","docAbstract":"<p><span>Chondrules, which are roughly millimeter-sized silicate-rich spherules, dominate the most primitive meteorites, the chondrites. They formed as molten droplets and, judging from their abundances in chondrites, are the products of one of the most energetic processes that operated in the early inner solar system. The conditions and mechanism of chondrule formation remain poorly understood. Here we show that the abundance of the volatile element sodium remained relatively constant during chondrule formation. Prevention of the evaporation of sodium requires that chondrules formed in regions with much higher solid densities than predicted by known nebular concentration mechanisms. These regions would probably have been self-gravitating. Our model explains many other chemical characteristics of chondrules and also implies that chondrule and planetesimal formation were linked.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Science","doi":"10.1126/science.1156561","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Alexander, C.M., Grossman, J.N., Ebel, D., and Ciesla, F., 2008, The formation conditions of chondrules and chondrites: Science, v. 320, no. 5883, p. 1617-1619, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1156561.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1617","endPage":"1619","ipdsId":"IP-006124","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203855,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18880,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1156561"}],"volume":"320","issue":"5883","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a72e4b07f02db642da7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alexander, C. M. O’D.","contributorId":105418,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alexander","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M. O’D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grossman, Jeffrey N. 0000-0001-9099-9628","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9099-9628","contributorId":37317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grossman","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ebel, D.S.","contributorId":37879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebel","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ciesla, F.J.","contributorId":15327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ciesla","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70000441,"text":"70000441 - 2008 - Deep drilling into the Chesapeake Bay impact structure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:35","indexId":"70000441","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:20","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deep drilling into the Chesapeake Bay impact structure","docAbstract":"Samples from a 1.76-kilometer-deep corehole drilled near the center of the late Eocene Chesapeake Bay impact structure (Virginia, USA) reveal its geologic, hydrologic, and biologic history. We conducted stratigraphic and petrologic analyses of the cores to elucidate the timing and results of impact-melt creation and distribution, transient-cavity collapse, and ocean-water resurge. Comparison of post-impact sedimentary sequences inside and outside the structure indicates that compaction of the crater fill influenced long-term sedimentation patterns in the mid-Atlantic region. Salty connate water of the target remains in the crater fill today, where it poses a potential threat to the regional groundwater resource. Observed depth variations in microbial abundance indicate a complex history of impact-related thermal sterilization and habitat modification, and subsequent post-impact repopulation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1126/science.1158708","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Gohn, G.S., Koeberl, C., Miller, K., Reimold, W., Browning, J., Cockell, C., Horton, J.W., Kenkmann, T., Kulpecz, A., Powars, D., Sanford, W., and Voytek, M., 2008, Deep drilling into the Chesapeake Bay impact structure: Science, v. 320, no. 5884, p. 1740-1745, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1158708.","startPage":"1740","endPage":"1745","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":18861,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1158708"},{"id":203762,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"320","issue":"5884","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672582","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gohn, G. S.","contributorId":25937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gohn","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koeberl, C.","contributorId":79214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koeberl","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, K.G.","contributorId":18094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"K.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reimold, W.U.","contributorId":103401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reimold","given":"W.U.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Browning, J.V.","contributorId":18889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Browning","given":"J.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cockell, C.S.","contributorId":66830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cockell","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Horton, J. Wright Jr. 0000-0001-6756-6365 whorton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6756-6365","contributorId":81184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"whorton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Wright","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kenkmann, T.","contributorId":55135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kenkmann","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kulpecz, A.A.","contributorId":46672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kulpecz","given":"A.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Powars, D.S.","contributorId":7303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powars","given":"D.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Sanford, W. E. 0000-0002-6624-0280","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6624-0280","contributorId":102112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"W. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Voytek, M.A.","contributorId":44272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voytek","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70000456,"text":"70000456 - 2008 - Mars Exploration Rover Navigation Camera in-flight calibration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:35","indexId":"70000456","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:20","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mars Exploration Rover Navigation Camera in-flight calibration","docAbstract":"The Navigation Camera (Navcam) instruments on the Mars Exploration Rover (MER) spacecraft provide support for both tactical operations as well as scientific observations where color information is not necessary: large-scale morphology, atmospheric monitoring including cloud observations and dust devil movies, and context imaging for both the thermal emission spectrometer and the in situ instruments on the Instrument Deployment Device. The Navcams are a panchromatic stereoscopic imaging system built using identical charge-coupled device (CCD) detectors and nearly identical electronics boards as the other cameras on the MER spacecraft. Previous calibration efforts were primarily focused on providing a detailed geometric calibration in line with the principal function of the Navcams, to provide data for the MER navigation team. This paper provides a detailed description of a new Navcam calibration pipeline developed to provide an absolute radiometric calibration that we estimate to have an absolute accuracy of 10% and a relative precision of 2.5%. Our calibration pipeline includes steps to model and remove the bias offset, the dark current charge that accumulates in both the active and readout regions of the CCD, and the shutter smear. It also corrects pixel-to-pixel responsivity variations using flat-field images, and converts from raw instrument-corrected digital number values per second to units of radiance (W m-2 nm-1 sr-1), or to radiance factor (I/F). We also describe here the initial results of two applications where radiance-calibrated Navcam data provide unique information for surface photometric and atmospheric aerosol studies. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007JE003003","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Soderblom, J., Bell, J., Johnson, J.R., Joseph, J., and Wolff, M., 2008, Mars Exploration Rover Navigation Camera in-flight calibration: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 113, no. 6, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JE003003.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476547,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007je003003","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":18874,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JE003003"},{"id":203602,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60f686","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soderblom, J.M.","contributorId":31097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soderblom","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bell, J.F. III","contributorId":97612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"J.F.","suffix":"III","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, J. R.","contributorId":69278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Joseph, J.","contributorId":14555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joseph","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wolff, M.J.","contributorId":64374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolff","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70000460,"text":"70000460 - 2008 - MGS-TES thermal inertia study of the Arsia Mons Caldera","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-19T09:01:01","indexId":"70000460","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:20","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"MGS-TES thermal inertia study of the Arsia Mons Caldera","docAbstract":"<p>Temperatures of the Arsia Mons caldera floor and two nearby control areas were obtained by the Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES). These observations revealed that the Arsia Mons caldera floor exhibits thermal behavior different from the surrounding Tharsis region when compared with thermal models. Our technique compares modeled and observed data to determine best fit values of thermal inertia, layer depth, and albedo. Best fit modeled values are accurate in the two control regions, but those in the Arsia Mons' caldera are consistently either up to 15 K warmer than afternoon observations, or have albedo values that are more than two standard deviations higher than the observed mean. Models of both homogeneous and layered (such as dust over bedrock) cases were compared, with layered-cases indicating a surface layer at least thick enough to insulate itself from diurnal effects of an underlying substrate material. Because best fit models of the caldera floor poorly match observations, it is likely that the caldera floor experiences some physical process not incorporated into our thermal model. Even on Mars, Arsia Mons is an extreme environment where CO2 condenses upon the caldera floor every night, diurnal temperatures range each day by a factor of nearly 2, and annual average atmospheric pressure is only around one millibar. Here, we explore several possibilities that may explain the poor modeled fits to caldera floor and conclude that temperature dependent thermal conductivity may cause thermal inertia to vary diurnally, and this effect may be exaggerated by presence of water-ice clouds, which occur frequently above Arsia Mons.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2007JE002910","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Cushing, G.E., and Titus, T.N., 2008, MGS-TES thermal inertia study of the Arsia Mons Caldera: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 113, no. 6, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JE002910.","productDescription":"13 p.","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203649,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Arsia Mons Caldera; Mars","volume":"113","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db648be6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cushing, Glen E. 0000-0002-9673-8207 gcushing@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9673-8207","contributorId":175449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cushing","given":"Glen","email":"gcushing@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":345926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Titus, Timothy N. 0000-0003-0700-4875 ttitus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0700-4875","contributorId":146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Titus","given":"Timothy","email":"ttitus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":345927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70000030,"text":"70000030 - 2008 - Microbial and chemical factors influencing methane production in laboratory incubations of low-rank subsurface coals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T09:15:19","indexId":"70000030","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Microbial and chemical factors influencing methane production in laboratory incubations of low-rank subsurface coals","docAbstract":"Lignite and subbituminous coals were investigated for their ability to support microbial methane production in laboratory incubations. Results show that naturally-occurring microorganisms associated with the coals produced substantial quantities of methane, although the factors influencing this process were variable among different samples tested. Methanogenic microbes in two coals from the Powder River Basin, Wyoming, USA, produced 140.5-374.6 mL CH<sub>4</sub>/kg ((4.5-12.0 standard cubic feet (scf)/ton) in response to an amendment of H<sub>2</sub>/CO<sub>2</sub>. The addition of high concentrations (5-10 mM) of acetate did not support substantive methane production under the laboratory conditions. However, acetate accumulated in control incubations where methanogenesis was inhibited, indicating that acetate was produced and consumed during the course of methane production. Acetogenesis from H<sub>2</sub>/CO<sub>2</sub> was evident in these incubations and may serve as a competing metabolic mode influencing the cumulative amount of methane produced in coal. Two low-rank (lignite A) coals from Fort Yukon, Alaska, USA, demonstrated a comparable level of methane production (131.1-284.0 mL CH4/kg (4.2-9.1 scf/ton)) in the presence of an inorganic nutrient amendment, indicating that the source of energy and organic carbon was derived from the coal. The concentration of chloroform-extractable organic matter varied by almost three orders of magnitude among all the coals tested, and appeared to be related to methane production potential. These results indicate that substrate availability within the coal matrix and competition between different groups of microorganisms are two factors that may exert a profound influence on methanogenesis in subsurface coal beds.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2008.05.019","issn":"01665162","usgsCitation":"Harris, S.H., Smith, R.L., and Barker, C., 2008, Microbial and chemical factors influencing methane production in laboratory incubations of low-rank subsurface coals: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 76, no. 1-2, p. 46-51, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2008.05.019.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"46","endPage":"51","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":18635,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2008.05.019"},{"id":203679,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a57e4b07f02db62df1c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, Stephen H.","contributorId":20055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Richard L. 0000-0002-3829-0125 rlsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3829-0125","contributorId":1592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"rlsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barker, Charles E.","contributorId":93070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barker","given":"Charles E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}