The origin of earthquakes within stable continental regions has been the subject of debate over the past thirty years. Here, we examine the correlation of North American stable continental region earthquakes using five geologic and geophysical data sets: (1) a newly compiled age-province map; (2) Bouguer gravity data; (3) aeromagnetic anomalies; (4) the tectonic stress field; and (5) crustal structure as revealed by deep seismic-reflection profiles. We find that: (1) Archean-age (3.8–2.5 Ga) North American crust is essentially aseismic, whereas post-Archean (less than 2.5 Ga) crust shows no clear correlation of crustal age and earthquake frequency or moment release; (2) seismicity is correlated with continental paleorifts; and (3) seismicity is correlated with the NE-SW structural grain of the crust of eastern North America, which in turn reflects the opening and closing of the proto– and modern Atlantic Ocean. This structural grain can be discerned as clear NE-SW lineaments in the Bouguer gravity and aeromagnetic anomaly maps. Stable continental region seismicity either: (1) follows the NE-SW lineaments; (2) is aligned at right angles to these lineaments; or (3) forms clusters at what have been termed stress concentrators (e.g., igneous intrusions and intersecting faults). Seismicity levels are very low to the west of the Grenville Front (i.e., in the Archean Superior craton). The correlation of seismicity with NE-SW–oriented lineaments implies that some stable continental region seismicity is related to the accretion and rifting processes that have formed the North American continental crust during the past 2 b.y. We further evaluate this hypothesis by correlating stable continental region seismicity with recently obtained deep seismicreflection images of the Appalachian and Grenville crust of southern Canada. These images show numerous faults that penetrate deep (40 km) into the crust. An analysis of hypocentral depths for stable continental region earthquakes shows that the frequency and moment magnitude of events are nearly uniform for the entire 0–35 km depths over which crustal earthquakes extend. This is in contradiction with the hypothesis that larger events have deeper focal depths. We conclude that the deep structure of the crust, in particular the existence of deeply penetrating faults, is the controlling parameter, rather than lateral variations in temperature, rheology, or high pore pressure. The distribution of stable continental region earthquakes in eastern North America is consistent with the existence of deeply penetrating crustal faults that have been reactivated in the present stress field. We infer that future earthquakes may occur anywhere along the geophysical lineations that we have identified. This implies that seismic hazard is more widespread in central and eastern North America than indicated by the limited known historical distribution of seismicity.
Jeff Eidenshink, Brian Schwind, Ken Brewer, Zhi-Liang Zhu, Brad Quayle, and Elected officials and leaders of environmental agencies need information about the effects of large wildfires in order to set policy and make management decisions. Recently, the Wildland Fire Leadership Council (WFLC), which implements and coordinates the National Fire Plan (NFP) and Federal Wildland Fire Management Policies (National Fire Plan 2004), adopted a strategy to monitor the effectiveness of the National Fire Plan and the Healthy Forests Restoration Act (HFRA). One component of this strategy is to assess the environmental impacts of large wildland fires and identify the trends of burn severity on all lands across the United States. To that end, WFLC has sponsored a six-year project, Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (MTBS), which requires the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service (USDA-FS) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to map and assess the burn severity for all large current and historical fires. Using Landsat data and the differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR) algorithm, the USGS Center for Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) and USDA-FS Remote Sensing Applications Center will map burn severity of all fires since 1984 greater than 202 ha (500ac) in the east, and 404 ha (1,000 ac) in the west. The number of historical fires from this period combined with current fires occurring during the course of the project will exceed 9,000. The MTBS project will generate burn severity data, maps, and reports, which will be available for use at local, state, and national levels to evaluate trends in burn severity and help develop and assess the effectiveness of land management decisions. Additionally, the information developed will provide a baseline from which to monitor the recovery and health of fire-affected landscapes over time. Spatial and tabular data quantifying burn severity will augment existing information used to estimate risk associated with a range of current and future resource threats. The annual report of 2004 fires has been completed. All data and results will be distributed to the public on a Web site. A Project for Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity
","language":"English","publisher":"Association for Fire Ecology","doi":"10.4996/fireecology.0301003","usgsCitation":"Eidenshink, J.C., Schwind, B., Brewer, K., Zhu, Z., Quayle, B., and Howard, S.M., 2007, A project for monitoring trends in burn severity: Fire Ecology, v. 3, no. 1, p. 3-21, https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.0301003.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"21","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477044,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.0301003","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306532,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55c9cb2fe4b08400b1fdb6e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eidenshink, Jeffery C. eidenshink@usgs.gov","contributorId":1352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eidenshink","given":"Jeffery","email":"eidenshink@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":567606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwind, Brian","contributorId":146378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schwind","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brewer, Ken","contributorId":146379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brewer","given":"Ken","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zhu, Zhu-Liang","contributorId":146380,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhu-Liang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Quayle, Brad","contributorId":146381,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quayle","given":"Brad","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Howard, Stephen M. 0000-0001-5255-5882 smhoward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5255-5882","contributorId":3483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Stephen","email":"smhoward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70030162,"text":"70030162 - 2007 - A land-cover map for South and Southeast Asia derived from SPOT-VEGETATION data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-12T16:17:47","indexId":"70030162","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2193,"text":"Journal of Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A land-cover map for South and Southeast Asia derived from SPOT-VEGETATION data","docAbstract":"Aim Our aim was to produce a uniform ‘regional’ land-cover map of South and Southeast Asia based on ‘sub-regional’ mapping results generated in the context of the Global Land Cover 2000 project.
Location The ‘region’ of tropical and sub-tropical South and Southeast Asia stretches from the Himalayas and the southern border of China in the north, to Sri Lanka and Indonesia in the south, and from Pakistan in the west to the islands of New Guinea in the far east.
Methods The regional land-cover map is based on sub-regional digital mapping results derived from SPOT-VEGETATION satellite data for the years 1998–2000. Image processing, digital classification and thematic mapping were performed separately for the three sub-regions of South Asia, continental Southeast Asia, and insular Southeast Asia. Landsat TM images, field data and existing national maps served as references. We used the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) Land Cover Classification System (LCCS) for coding the sub-regional land-cover classes and for aggregating the latter to a uniform regional legend. A validation was performed based on a systematic grid of sample points, referring to visual interpretation from high-resolution Landsat imagery. Regional land-cover area estimates were obtained and compared with FAO statistics for the categories ‘forest’ and ‘cropland’.
Results The regional map displays 26 land-cover classes. The LCCS coding provided a standardized class description, independent from local class names; it also allowed us to maintain the link to the detailed sub-regional land-cover classes. The validation of the map displayed a mapping accuracy of 72% for the dominant classes of ‘forest’ and ‘cropland’; regional area estimates for these classes correspond reasonably well to existing regional statistics.
Main conclusions The land-cover map of South and Southeast Asia provides a synoptic view of the distribution of land cover of tropical and sub-tropical Asia, and it delivers reasonable thematic detail and quantitative estimates of the main land-cover proportions. The map may therefore serve for regional stratification or modelling of vegetation cover, but could also support the implementation of forest policies, watershed management or conservation strategies at regional scales.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01637.x","issn":"03050270","usgsCitation":"Stibig, H., Belward, A., Roy, P., Rosalina-Wasrin, U., Agrawal, S., Joshi, P., Hildanus, Beuchle, R., Fritz, S., Mubareka, S., and Giri, S., 2007, A land-cover map for South and Southeast Asia derived from SPOT-VEGETATION data: Journal of Biogeography, v. 34, no. 4, p. 625-637, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01637.x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"625","endPage":"637","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240196,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212673,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01637.x"}],"volume":"34","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-11-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e430e4b0c8380cd4649c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stibig, H.-J.","contributorId":14198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stibig","given":"H.-J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belward, A.S.","contributorId":6197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belward","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roy, P.S.","contributorId":87369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roy","given":"P.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosalina-Wasrin, U.","contributorId":39199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosalina-Wasrin","given":"U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Agrawal, S.","contributorId":30448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agrawal","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Joshi, P.K.","contributorId":78553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joshi","given":"P.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hildanus","contributorId":128026,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Hildanus","id":535157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Beuchle, R.","contributorId":39584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beuchle","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Fritz, S.","contributorId":91221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritz","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Mubareka, S.","contributorId":7912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mubareka","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Giri, S.","contributorId":102621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giri","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70034520,"text":"70034520 - 2007 - Digital floodplain mapping and an analysis of errors involved","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:43","indexId":"70034520","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Digital floodplain mapping and an analysis of errors involved","docAbstract":"Mapping floodplain boundaries using geographical information system (GIS) and digital elevation models (DEMs) was completed in a recent study. However convenient this method may appear at first, the resulting maps potentially can have unaccounted errors. Mapping the floodplain using GIS is faster than mapping manually, and digital mapping is expected to be more common in the future. When mapping is done manually, the experience and judgment of the engineer or geographer completing the mapping and the contour resolution of the surface topography are critical in determining the flood-plain and floodway boundaries between cross sections. When mapping is done digitally, discrepancies can result from the use of the computing algorithm and digital topographic datasets. Understanding the possible sources of error and how the error accumulates through these processes is necessary for the validation of automated digital mapping. This study will evaluate the procedure of floodplain mapping using GIS and a 3 m by 3 m resolution DEM with a focus on the accumulated errors involved in the process. Within the GIS environment of this mapping method, the procedural steps of most interest, initially, include: (1) the accurate spatial representation of the stream centerline and cross sections, (2) properly using a triangulated irregular network (TIN) model for the flood elevations of the studied cross sections, the interpolated elevations between them and the extrapolated flood elevations beyond the cross sections, and (3) the comparison of the flood elevation TIN with the ground elevation DEM, from which the appropriate inundation boundaries are delineated. The study area involved is of relatively low topographic relief; thereby, making it representative of common suburban development and a prime setting for the need of accurately mapped floodplains. This paper emphasizes the impacts of integrating supplemental digital terrain data between cross sections on floodplain delineation. ?? 2007 ASCE.","largerWorkTitle":"Examining the Confluence of Environmental and Water Concerns - Proceedings of the World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2006","conferenceTitle":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2006: Examining the Confluence of Environmental and Water Concerns","conferenceDate":"21 May 2006 through 25 May 2006","conferenceLocation":"Omaha, NE","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/40856(200)444","isbn":"0784408564; 9780784408568","usgsCitation":"Hamblen, C., Soong, D., and Cai, X., 2007, Digital floodplain mapping and an analysis of errors involved, in Examining the Confluence of Environmental and Water Concerns - Proceedings of the World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2006, Omaha, NE, 21 May 2006 through 25 May 2006, https://doi.org/10.1061/40856(200)444.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243780,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215943,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40856(200)444"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0151e4b0c8380cd4fb80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamblen, C.S.","contributorId":25788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamblen","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Soong, D.T.","contributorId":85430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soong","given":"D.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cai, X.","contributorId":95294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cai","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031514,"text":"70031514 - 2007 - Aeromagnetic mapping of the structure of Pine Canyon caldera and Chisos Mountains intrusion, Big Bend National Park, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:10","indexId":"70031514","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aeromagnetic mapping of the structure of Pine Canyon caldera and Chisos Mountains intrusion, Big Bend National Park, Texas","docAbstract":"Analysis of aeromagnetic and gravity data reveals new details of the structure, igneous geology, and temporal evolution of the prominent, enigmatic ca.32 Ma Pine Canyon caldera and the Chisos Mountains (Big Bend National Park, Texas). The main caldera-filling Pine Canyon Rhyolite, the oldest member of the South Rim Formation, is reversely magnetized, allowing it to be used as a key marker bed for determining caldera fill thickness. Modeling of gravity and magnetic anomalies indicates that the Pine Canyon Rhyolite is probably thicker in the northeastern part of the caldera. Lineaments in the magnetic data suggest the presence of buried faults beneath the caldera that may have led to increased downdrop in the northeast versus the southwest, allowing a thicker section of caldera fill to accumulate there. The Pine Canyon caldera has been interpreted as a downsag caldera because it lacks surficial faulting, so these inferred faults are the first mapped features there that could be responsible for caldera collapse. The caldera boundary correlates well with the margins of a gravity low. General features of the caldera match well with basic models of downsag calderas, meaning that the Pine Canyon caldera may be a classic example of downsagging, of which few well-described examples exist, in terms of a geophysical signature. The source of a long-wavelength magnetic high over the Chisos Mountains is interpreted as a previously unknown broad intrusion, the long axis of which trends parallel to a major crustal boundary related to the Ouachita orogeny or an even earlier Precambrian margin. This feature represents the largest intrusion (28-34 km diameter, 1-4 km thick, 700-3000 km3 in volume) in an area where relatively small laccoliths are ubiquitous. The intrusion most likely represents a long-lived (>1 m.y.) reservoir replenished by small batches of magma of varying composition, as reflected in the variation of eruptive products from the Pine Canyon and Sierra Quemada calderas. The intrusion may represent the easternmost occurrence of voluminous Tertiary magmatism in the southwestern United States. ?? 2007 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/B26150.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Drenth, B., and Finn, C., 2007, Aeromagnetic mapping of the structure of Pine Canyon caldera and Chisos Mountains intrusion, Big Bend National Park, Texas: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 119, no. 11-12, p. 1521-1534, https://doi.org/10.1130/B26150.1.","startPage":"1521","endPage":"1534","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212354,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B26150.1"},{"id":239825,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"119","issue":"11-12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-11-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e89ee4b0c8380cd47dee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drenth, B. J.","contributorId":49885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drenth","given":"B. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finn, C. A. 0000-0002-6178-0405","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6178-0405","contributorId":93917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"C. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70032900,"text":"70032900 - 2007 - Long-term monitoring of growth in the Eastern Elliptio, Elliptio complanata (Bivalvia: Unionidae), in Rhode Island: A transplant experiment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:36","indexId":"70032900","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2564,"text":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","onlineIssn":"1937-237X","printIssn":"0887-3593","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term monitoring of growth in the Eastern Elliptio, Elliptio complanata (Bivalvia: Unionidae), in Rhode Island: A transplant experiment","docAbstract":"The lengths of marked specimens of the freshwater mussel, Eastern Elliptio (Elliptio complanata [Lightfoot 1786]), were monitored annually in 3 lakes in Rhode Island, USA, from 1991 to 2005. Mussels growing in Worden Pond showed a change in mean shell length of only 4.3 mm over 14 y, whereas mussel growth in 2 nearby lakes was 3 to 8x greater than growth in Worden Pond over the same time period. L???, the length at which shell growth stops, was significantly different (p < 0.001) among lakes and ranged from 60.5 to 87.4 mm. Transplant experiments revealed that mussels moved to Worden Pond stopped growing, whereas mussels moved from Worden Pond to the 2 other lakes grew at rates similar to the rates observed for resident mussels in the 2 lakes. Standard water-quality measures did not explain the observed growth cessation and lower condition indices of mussels in Worden Pond. Our growth data are consistent with food limitation. The consistent slow growth of E. complanata in Worden Pond, without high mortality, and its ability to increase growth when placed in environments more favorable than Worden Pond, suggests both growth plasticity and longevity in these animals. ?? 2007 by The North American Benthological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1899/0887-3593(2007)26[123:LMOGIT]2.0.CO;2","issn":"08873593","usgsCitation":"Kesler, D., Newton, T., and Green, L., 2007, Long-term monitoring of growth in the Eastern Elliptio, Elliptio complanata (Bivalvia: Unionidae), in Rhode Island: A transplant experiment: Journal of the North American Benthological Society, v. 26, no. 1, p. 123-133, https://doi.org/10.1899/0887-3593(2007)26[123:LMOGIT]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"123","endPage":"133","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213380,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1899/0887-3593(2007)26[123:LMOGIT]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":241001,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a499ae4b0c8380cd6875c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kesler, D.H.","contributorId":38367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kesler","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Newton, T.J.","contributorId":104428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Green, L.","contributorId":74584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70029842,"text":"70029842 - 2007 - Peptidomic analysis of skin secretions supports separate species status for the tailed frogs, Ascaphus truei and Ascaphus montanus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-06T16:10:29","indexId":"70029842","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1290,"text":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part D: Genomics and Proteomics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Peptidomic analysis of skin secretions supports separate species status for the tailed frogs, Ascaphus truei and Ascaphus montanus","docAbstract":"The tailed frog Ascaphus truei Stejneger, 1899 is the most primitive extant anuran and the sister taxon to the clade of all other living frogs. The species occupies two disjunct ranges in the Northwest region of North America: the Cascade Mountains and coastal area from British Columbia to Northern California, and an inland range in the northern Rocky Mountains and the Blue and Wallowa mountains. A previous study led to the isolation of eight peptides with antimicrobial activity (termed the ascaphins) from skin secretions of A. truei from the coastal range. The present study has used peptidomic analysis to identify the products of orthologous ascaphin genes in electrically-stimulated skin secretions from inland range specimens. Structural characterization of the peptides demonstrated that ascaphins from the inland range contained the following amino acid substitutions compared with orthologs from the coastal range frogs: ascaphin-1 (Ala12 → Glu), ascaphin-3 (Asp4 → Glu), ascaphin-4 (Ala19 → Ser), ascaphin-5 (Lys12 → Thr), and ascaphin-7 (Gly8 → Ser and Ser20 → Asn). Orthologs of ascaphins-2, -6, and -8 were not identified but a paralog of ascaphin-5, identical to ascaphin-5 from coastal range frogs, was found. The data support the claims, derived from analysis of the nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial genes, that the inland populations of the tailed frog should be recognized as a distinct species, the Rocky Mountain tailed frog Ascaphus montanus and that the divergence of the species from A. truei probably occurred in the late Miocene (approximately 10 Mya).
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.cbd.2007.01.003","issn":"1744117X","usgsCitation":"Conlon, J., Bevier, C., Coquet, L., Leprince, J., Jouenne, T., Vaudry, H., and Hossack, B., 2007, Peptidomic analysis of skin secretions supports separate species status for the tailed frogs, Ascaphus truei and Ascaphus montanus: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part D: Genomics and Proteomics, v. 2, no. 2, p. 121-125, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbd.2007.01.003.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"121","endPage":"125","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240387,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a765fe4b0c8380cd7809a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conlon, J.M.","contributorId":68964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conlon","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bevier, C.R.","contributorId":65288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bevier","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coquet, L.","contributorId":35547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coquet","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Leprince, J.","contributorId":82530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leprince","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jouenne, T.","contributorId":83338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jouenne","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vaudry, H.","contributorId":94102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vaudry","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hossack, B. R.","contributorId":10756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hossack","given":"B. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70030952,"text":"70030952 - 2007 - Attenuation of ground-motion spectral amplitudes in southeastern Australia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:04","indexId":"70030952","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Attenuation of ground-motion spectral amplitudes in southeastern Australia","docAbstract":"A dataset comprising some 1200 weak- and strong-motion records from 84 earthquakes is compiled to develop a regional ground-motion model for southeastern Australia (SEA). Events were recorded from 1993 to 2004 and range in size from moment magnitude 2.0 ??? M ??? 4.7. The decay of vertical-component Fourier spectral amplitudes is modeled by trilinear geometrical spreading. The decay of low-frequency spectral amplitudes can be approximated by the coefficient of R-1.3 (where R is hypocentral distance) within 90 km of the seismic source. From approximately 90 to 160 km, we observe a transition zone in which the seismic coda are affected by postcritical reflections from midcrustal and Moho discontinuities. In this hypocentral distance range, geometrical spreading is approximately R+0.1. Beyond 160 km, low-frequency seismic energy attenuates rapidly with source-receiver distance, having a geometrical spreading coefficient of R-1.6. The associated regional seismic-quality factor can be expressed by the polynomial: log Q(f) = 3.66 - 1.44 log f + 0.768 (log f)2 + 0.058 (log f)3 for frequencies 0.78 ??? f ??? 19.9 Hz. Fourier spectral amplitudes, corrected for geometrical spreading and anelastic attenuation, are regressed with M to obtain quadratic source scaling coefficients. Modeled vertical-component displacement spectra fit the observed data well. Amplitude residuals are, on average, relatively small and do not vary with hypocentral distance. Predicted source spectra (i.e., at R = 1 km) are consistent with eastern North American (ENA) Models at low frequencies (f less than approximately 2 Hz) indicating that moment magnitudes calculated for SEA earthquakes are consistent with moment magnitude scales used in ENA over the observed magnitude range. The models presented represent the first spectral ground-motion prediction equations develooed for the southeastern Australian region. This work provides a useful framework for the development of regional ground-motion relations for earthquake hazard and risk assessment in SEA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120060172","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Allen, T., Cummins, P., Dhu, T., and Schneider, J., 2007, Attenuation of ground-motion spectral amplitudes in southeastern Australia: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 97, no. 4, p. 1279-1292, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120060172.","startPage":"1279","endPage":"1292","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239001,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211667,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120060172"}],"volume":"97","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eed1e4b0c8380cd49fb4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, T.I.","contributorId":6659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"T.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cummins, P.R.","contributorId":69360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cummins","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dhu, T.","contributorId":80076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dhu","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schneider, J.F.","contributorId":16200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70032897,"text":"70032897 - 2007 - Effects of surface-water irrigation on sources, fluxes, and residence times of water, nitrate, and uranium in an alluvial aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-17T08:49:25","indexId":"70032897","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of surface-water irrigation on sources, fluxes, and residence times of water, nitrate, and uranium in an alluvial aquifer","docAbstract":"Effects of surface-water irrigation on an alluvial aquifer were evaluated using chemical and isotopic data including δ2H, δ18O, 3H, δ3He, Ar, Ne, N2, δ15N, and 234U/238U activity ratios in a transect of nested wells in the North Platte River valley in western Nebraska, USA. The data were used to evaluate sources and fluxes of H2O,
In this study, we evaluated and compared the utility of spaceborne SRTM and ASTER DEMs with baseline DTED-1 “bald-earth” topography for mapping lahar inundation hazards from volcan Citlaltépetl, Mexico, a volcano which has had a history of producing debris flows of various extents. In particular, we tested the utility of these topographic datasets for resolving ancient valley-filling deposits exposed around the flanks of the volcano, for determining their magnitude using paleohydrologic methods and for forecasting their inundation limits in the future. We also use the three datasets as inputs to a GIS stream inundation flow model, LAHARZ, and compare the results.
\nIn general all three datasets, with spatial resolution of 90 m or better, were capable of resolving debris flow and lahar deposits at least 3 × 106 m3 in volume or larger. Canopy- and slope-related height errors in the ASTER and SRTM DEMs limit their utility for measuring valley-filling cross-sectional area and deriving flow magnitude for the smallest deposits using a cross-sectional area to volume scaling equation. Height errors in the ASTER and SRTM DEMs also causes problems in resolving stream valley hydrography which controls lahar flow paths and stream valley morphology which controls lahar filling capacity. However, both of the two spaceborne DEM datasets are better than DTED-1 at resolving fine details in stream hydrography and erosional morphologies of volcaniclastics preserved in the valleys around the more humid, eastern flanks of the volcanic range.
\nThe results of LAHARZ flow inundation modeling using all three DEMs as inputs are remarkably similar and co-validate one another. For example, at Citlaltépetl all lahar simulations show that the city of Orizaba is the most vulnerable to flows similar in magnitude to, or larger than, one that occurred in 1920. Many of the other cities and towns illustrated are built higher up on terrace deposits of older debris flows, and are safe from all but the largest flows, which occur less frequently.
\nFinally, ASTERs 60 km swath width and 8% duty cycle presents a challenge for mapping lahar inundation hazards at E–W oriented stream valleys in low-latitude areas with persistent cloud cover. However, its continued operations enhances its utility as a means for updating the continuous but one-time coverage of SRTM, and for filling voids in the SRTM dataset such as those that occur along steep-sided valleys prone to hazards from future lahars.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2006.09.005","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Hubbard, B.E., Sheridan, M.F., Carrasco-Nunez, G., Diaz-Castellon, R., and Rodriguez, S.R., 2007, Comparative lahar hazard mapping at Volcan Citlaltépetl, Mexico using SRTM, ASTER and DTED-1 digital topographic data: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 160, no. 1-2, p. 99-124, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2006.09.005.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"99","endPage":"124","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242370,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214628,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2006.09.005"}],"volume":"160","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f81ee4b0c8380cd4cebb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hubbard, Bernard E. 0000-0002-9315-2032 bhubbard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9315-2032","contributorId":2342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbard","given":"Bernard","email":"bhubbard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sheridan, Michael F.","contributorId":59413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheridan","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carrasco-Nunez, Gerardo","contributorId":44714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carrasco-Nunez","given":"Gerardo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Diaz-Castellon, Rodolfo","contributorId":37936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diaz-Castellon","given":"Rodolfo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rodriguez, Sergio R.","contributorId":35529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Sergio","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":1008607,"text":"1008607 - 2007 - Responses of pond-breeding amphibians to wildfire: Short-term patterns in occupancy and colonization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-13T14:48:46","indexId":"1008607","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Responses of pond-breeding amphibians to wildfire: Short-term patterns in occupancy and colonization","docAbstract":"Wildland fires are expected to become more frequent and severe in many ecosystems, potentially posing a threat to many sensitive species. We evaluated the effects of a large, stand-replacement wildfire on three species of pond-breeding amphibians by estimating changes in occupancy of breeding sites during the three years before and after the fire burned 42 of 83 previously surveyed wetlands. Annual occupancy and colonization for each species was estimated using recently developed models that incorporate detection probabilities to provide unbiased parameter estimates. We did not find negative effects of the fire on the occupancy or colonization rates of the long-toed salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum). Instead, its occupancy was higher across the study area after the fire, possibly in response to a large snowpack that may have facilitated colonization of unoccupied wetlands. Naïve data (uncorrected for detection probability) for the Columbia spotted frog (Rana luteiventris) initially led to the conclusion of increased occupancy and colonization in wetlands that burned. After accounting for temporal and spatial variation in detection probabilities, however, it was evident that these parameters were relatively stable in both areas before and after the fire. We found a similar discrepancy between naïve and estimated occupancy of A. macrodactylum that resulted from different detection probabilities in burned and control wetlands. The boreal toad (Bufo boreas) was not found breeding in the area prior to the fire but colonized several wetlands the year after they burned. Occupancy by B. boreas then declined during years 2 and 3 following the fire. Our study suggests that the amphibian populations we studied are resistant to wildfire and that B. boreas may experience short-term benefits from wildfire. Our data also illustrate how naïve presence–non-detection data can provide misleading results.
A regional regression model was developed to estimate the spatial distribution of ground water recharge in subhumid regions. The regional regression recharge (RRR) model was based on a regression of basin-wide estimates of recharge from surface water drainage basins, precipitation, growing degree days (GDD), and average basin specific yield (SY). Decadal average recharge, precipitation, and GDD were used in the RRR model. The RRR estimates were derived from analysis of stream base flow using a computer program that was based on the Rorabaugh method. As expected, there was a strong correlation between recharge and precipitation. The model was applied to statewide data in Minnesota. Where precipitation was least in the western and northwestern parts of the state (50 to 65 cm/year), recharge computed by the RRR model also was lowest (0 to 5 cm/year). A strong correlation also exists between recharge and SY. SY was least in areas where glacial lake clay occurs, primarily in the northwest part of the state; recharge estimates in these areas were in the 0- to 5-cm/year range. In sand-plain areas where SY is greatest, recharge estimates were in the 15- to 29-cm/year range on the basis of the RRR model. Recharge estimates that were based on the RRR model compared favorably with estimates made on the basis of other methods. The RRR model can be applied in other subhumid regions where region wide data sets of precipitation, streamflow, GDD, and soils data are available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Ground Water Association","publisherLocation":"Worthington, Ohio","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00273.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Lorenz, D., and Delin, G., 2007, A regression model to estimate regional ground water recharge: Ground Water, v. 45, no. 2, p. 196-208, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00273.x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"196","endPage":"208","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242750,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214988,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object 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\"}}]}","volume":"45","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-11-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e544e4b0c8380cd46c52","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lorenz, D. L.","contributorId":10776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenz","given":"D. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Delin, G. N.","contributorId":12834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delin","given":"G. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70192571,"text":"70192571 - 2007 - Characterization of nutrient, organic carbon, and sediment loads and concentrations from the Mississippi River into the northern Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T14:58:44","indexId":"70192571","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of nutrient, organic carbon, and sediment loads and concentrations from the Mississippi River into the northern Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"We synthesize and update the science supporting the Action Plan for Reducing, Mitigating, and Controlling Hypoxia in the Northern Gulf of Mexico (Mississippi River/Gulf of Mexico Watershed Nutrient Task Force 2001) with a focus on the spatial and temporal discharge and patterns of nutrient and organic carbon delivery to the northern Gulf of Mexico, including data through 2006. The discharge of the Mississippi River watershed over 200 years varies but is not demonstrably increasing or decreasing. About 30% of the Mississippi River was shunted westward to form the Atchafalaya River, which redistributed water and nutrient loads on the shelf. Data on nitrogen concentrations from the early 1900s demonstrate that the seasonal and annual concentrations in the lower river have increased considerably since then, including a higher spring loading, following the increase in fertilizer applications after World WarII. The loading of total nitrogen (TN) fell from 1990 to 2006, but the loading of total phosphorus (TP) has risen slightly, resulting in a decline in the TN:TP ratios. The present TN:TP ratios hover around an average indicative of potential nitrogen limitation on phytoplankton growth, or balanced growth limitation, but not phosphorus limitation. The dissolved nitrogen:dissolved silicate ratios are near the Redfield ratio indicative of growth limitations on diatoms. Although nutrient concentrations are relatively high compared to those in many other large rivers, the water quality in the Mississippi River is not unique in that nutrient loads can be described by a variety of land-use models. There is no net removal of nitrogen from water flowing through the Atchafalaya basin, but the concentrations of TP and suspended sediments are lower at the exit point (Morgan City, Louisiana) than in the water entering the Atchafalaya basin. The removal of nutrients entering offshore waters through diversion of river water into wetlands is presently less than 1% of the total loadings going directly offshore, and would be less than 8% if the 10,093 km2 of coastal wetlands were successfully engineered for that purpose. Wetland loss is an insignificant contribution to the carbon loading offshore, compared to in situ marine production. The science-based conclusions in the Action Plan about nutrient loads and sources to the hypoxic zone off Louisiana are sustained by research and monitoring occurring in the subsequent 10 years.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02841333","usgsCitation":"Turner, R., Rabalais, N.N., Alexander, R.B., McIsaac, G., and Howarth, R.W., 2007, Characterization of nutrient, organic carbon, and sediment loads and concentrations from the Mississippi River into the northern Gulf of Mexico: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 30, no. 5, p. 773-790, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02841333.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"773","endPage":"790","ipdsId":"IP-003277","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347502,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico, Mississippi River","volume":"30","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07fcf2e4b09af898c8ce3a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Turner, R.E.","contributorId":39749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turner","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16756,"text":"Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rabalais, N. N.","contributorId":198497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rabalais","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":12699,"text":"Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alexander, Richard B. 0000-0001-9166-0626 ralex@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9166-0626","contributorId":541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"Richard","email":"ralex@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McIsaac, G.","contributorId":198496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McIsaac","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16984,"text":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Howarth, R. W.","contributorId":48126,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Howarth","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70032865,"text":"70032865 - 2007 - Factors influencing ground-water recharge in the eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:20","indexId":"70032865","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors influencing ground-water recharge in the eastern United States","docAbstract":"Ground-water recharge estimates for selected locations in the eastern half of the United States were obtained by Darcian and chloride-tracer methods and compared using statistical analyses. Recharge estimates derived from unsaturated-zone (RUZC) and saturated-zone (RSZC) chloride mass balance methods are less variable (interquartile ranges or IQRs are 9.5 and 16.1 cm/yr, respectively) and more strongly correlated with climatic, hydrologic, land use, and sediment variables than Darcian estimates (IQR = 22.8 cm/yr). The unit-gradient Darcian estimates are a nonlinear function of moisture content and also reflect the uncertainty of pedotransfer functions used to estimate hydraulic parameters. Significance level is <0.001 for nearly all explanatory variables having correlations with RUZC of <-0.3 or >0.3. Estimates of RSZC were evaluated using analysis of variance, multiple comparison tests, and an exploratory nonlinear regression (NLR) model. Recharge generally is greater in coastal plain surficial aquifers, fractured crystalline rocks, and carbonate rocks, or in areas with high sand content. Westernmost portions of the study area have low recharge, receive somewhat less precipitation, and contain fine-grained sediment. The NLR model simulates water input to the land surface followed by transport to ground water, depending on factors that either promote or inhibit water infiltration. The model explains a moderate amount of variation in the data set (coefficient of determination = 0.61). Model sensitivity analysis indicates that mean annual runoff, air temperature, and precipitation, and an index of ground-water exfiltration potential most influence estimates of recharge at sampled sites in the region. Soil characteristics and land use have less influence on the recharge estimates, but nonetheless are significant in the NLR model. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2006.06.029","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Nolan, B.T., Healy, R.W., Taber, P., Perkins, K., Hitt, K., and Wolock, D., 2007, Factors influencing ground-water recharge in the eastern United States: Journal of Hydrology, v. 332, no. 1-2, p. 187-205, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2006.06.029.","startPage":"187","endPage":"205","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213809,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2006.06.029"},{"id":241468,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"332","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0ec4e4b0c8380cd535fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nolan, B. T.","contributorId":21565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nolan","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":438284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Healy, R. W.","contributorId":89872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taber, P.E.","contributorId":89729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taber","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Perkins, K.","contributorId":73019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hitt, K.J.","contributorId":85985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitt","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wolock, D.M. 0000-0002-6209-938X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-938X","contributorId":36601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"D.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70030070,"text":"70030070 - 2007 - Biodegradation of PAHs and PCBs in soils and sludges","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:05","indexId":"70030070","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biodegradation of PAHs and PCBs in soils and sludges","docAbstract":"Results from a multi-year, pilot-scale land treatment project for PAHs and PCBs biodegradation were evaluated. A mathematical model, capable of describing sorption, sequestration, and biodegradation in soil/water systems, is applied to interpret the efficacy of a sequential active-passive biotreatment process of organic chemicals on remediation sites. To account for the recalcitrance of PAHs and PCBs in soils and sludges during long-term biotreatment, this model comprises a kinetic equation for organic chemical intraparticle sequestration process. Model responses were verified by comparison to measurements of biodegradation of PAHs and PCBs in land treatment units; a favorable match was found between them. Model simulations were performed to predict on-going biodegradation behavior of PAHs and PCBs in land treatment units. Simulation results indicate that complete biostabilization will be achieved when the concentration of reversibly sorbed chemical (S RA) reduces to undetectable levels, with a certain amount of irreversibly sequestrated residual chemical (S IA) remaining within the soil particle solid phase. The residual fraction (S IA) tends to lose its original chemical and biological activity, and hence, is much less available, toxic, and mobile than the \"free\" compounds. Therefore, little or no PAHs and PCBs will leach from the treatment site and constitutes no threat to human health or the environment. Biotreatment of PAHs and PCBs can be terminated accordingly. Results from the pilot-scale testing data and model calculations also suggest that a significant fraction (10-30%) of high-molecular-weight PAHs and PCBs could be sequestrated and become unavailable for biodegradation. Bioavailability (large K d , i.e., slow desorption rate) is the key factor limiting the PAHs degradation. However, both bioavailability and bioactivity (K in Monod kinetics, i.e., number of microbes, nutrients, and electron acceptor, etc.) regulate PCBs biodegradation. The sequential active-passive biotreatment can be a cost-effective approach for remediation of highly hydrophobic organic contaminants. The mathematical model proposed here would be useful in the design and operation of such organic chemical biodegradation processes on remediation sites. ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water, Air, and Soil Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11270-006-9299-3","issn":"00496979","usgsCitation":"Liu, L., Tindall, J., and Friedel, M., 2007, Biodegradation of PAHs and PCBs in soils and sludges: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 181, no. 1-4, p. 281-296, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-006-9299-3.","startPage":"281","endPage":"296","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212727,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-006-9299-3"},{"id":240259,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"181","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-02-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f146e4b0c8380cd4ab4e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liu, L.","contributorId":18481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tindall, J.A.","contributorId":25711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tindall","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Friedel, M.J.","contributorId":90823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedel","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70174202,"text":"70174202 - 2007 - Weirs: Counting and sampling adult salmonids in streams and rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-29T12:43:14","indexId":"70174202","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Weirs: Counting and sampling adult salmonids in streams and rivers","docAbstract":"Weirs—which function as porous barriers built across stream—have long been used to capture migrating fish in flowing waters. For example, the Netsilik peoples of northern Canada used V-shaped weirs constructed of river rocks gathered onsite to capture migrating Arctic char Salvelinus alpinus (Balikci 1970). Similarly, fences constructed of stakes and a latticework of willow branches or staves were used by Native Americans to capture migrating salmon in streams along the West Coast of North America (Stewart 1994). In modern times, weirs have also been used in terminal fisheries and to capture brood fish for use in fish culture. Weirs have been used to gather data on age structure, condition, sex ratio, spawning escapement, abundance, and migratory patterns of fish in streams. One of the critical elements of fisheries management and stock assessment of salmonids is a count of adult fish returning to spawn. Weirs are frequently used to capture or count fish to determine status and trends of populations or direct inseason management of fisheries; generally, weirs are the standard against which other techniques are measured. To evaluate fishery management actions, the number of fish escaping to spawn is often compared to river-specific target spawning requirements (O’Connell and Dempson 1995). A critical factor in these analyses is the determination of total run size (O’Connell 2003). O’Connell compared methods of run-size estimation against absolute counts from a rigid weir and concluded that, given the uncertainty of estimators, the absolute counts obtained at the weir wer significantly better than modeled estimates, which deviated as much as 50–60% from actual counts. The use of weirs is generally restricted to streams and small rivers because of construction expense, formation of navigation barriers, and the tendency of weirs to clog with debris, which can cause flooding and collapse of the structure (Hubert 1996). When feasible, however, weirs are generally regarded as the most accurate technique available to quantify escapement as the result is supposedly an absolute count (Cousens et al. 1982). Weirs also provide the opportunity to capture fish for observation and sampling of biological characteristics and tissues; they may also serve as recapture sites for basin-wide, mark–recapture population estimates. Temporary weirs are useful in monitoring wild populations of salmonids as well as for capturing broodstock for artificial propagation.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Salmonid field protocols handbook: techniques for assessing status and trends in salmon and trout populations.","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":14,"text":"Instruction"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","isbn":"978-1-888569-92-6","usgsCitation":"Zimmerman, C.E., and Zabkar, L.M., 2007, Weirs: Counting and sampling adult salmonids in streams and rivers, chap. of Salmonid field protocols handbook: techniques for assessing status and trends in salmon and trout populations., p. 385-398.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"385","endPage":"398","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324617,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5774f315e4b07dd077c6aef5","contributors":{"compilers":[{"text":"Johnson, David H.","contributorId":172563,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641267,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shrier, Brianna M.","contributorId":172557,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shrier","given":"Brianna","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641268,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Neal, Jennifer S.","contributorId":147875,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Neal","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641269,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":3},{"text":"Knutzen, John A.","contributorId":172558,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knutzen","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641270,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":4},{"text":"Augerot, Xanthippe","contributorId":172559,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Augerot","given":"Xanthippe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641271,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":5},{"text":"O’Neal, Thomas A.","contributorId":172560,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Neal","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641272,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pearsons, Todd N.","contributorId":95345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearsons","given":"Todd N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641273,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":7}],"authors":[{"text":"Zimmerman, Christian E. 0000-0002-3646-0688 czimmerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-0688","contributorId":410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Christian","email":"czimmerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zabkar, Laura M.","contributorId":172562,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zabkar","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70034384,"text":"70034384 - 2007 - Geophysical data integration and conditional uncertainty analysis on hydraulic conductivity estimation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:47","indexId":"70034384","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Geophysical data integration and conditional uncertainty analysis on hydraulic conductivity estimation","docAbstract":"Integration of various geophysical data is essential to better understand aquifer heterogeneity. However, data integration is challenging because there are different levels of support between primary and secondary data needed to be correlated in various ways. This study proposes a geostatistical method to integrate the hydraulic conductivity measurements and electrical resistivity data to better estimate the hydraulic conductivity (K) distribution. The K measurements are obtained from the pumping tests and represent the primary data (hard data). The borehole electrical resistivity data from electrical logs are regarded as the secondary data (soft data). The electrical resistivity data is used to infer hydraulic conductivity values through the Archie law and Kozeny-Carman equation. A pseudo cross-semivariogram is developed to cope with the resistivity data non-collocation. Uncertainty in the auto-semivariograms and pseudo cross-semivariogram is quantified. The methodology is demonstrated by a real-world case study where the hydraulic conductivity is estimated in the Upper Chicot aquifer of Southwestern Louisiana. The groundwater responses by the cokriging and cosimulation of hydraulic conductivity are compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA). ?? 2007 ASCE.","largerWorkTitle":"Examining the Confluence of Environmental and Water Concerns - Proceedings of the World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2006","conferenceTitle":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2006: Examining the Confluence of Environmental and Water Concerns","conferenceDate":"21 May 2006 through 25 May 2006","conferenceLocation":"Omaha, NE","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/40856(200)128","isbn":"0784408564; 9780784408568","usgsCitation":"Rahman, A., Tsai, F., White, C., Carlson, D., and Willson, C.S., 2007, Geophysical data integration and conditional uncertainty analysis on hydraulic conductivity estimation, in Examining the Confluence of Environmental and Water Concerns - Proceedings of the World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2006, Omaha, NE, 21 May 2006 through 25 May 2006, https://doi.org/10.1061/40856(200)128.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244658,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216770,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40856(200)128"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a281be4b0c8380cd59e36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rahman, A.","contributorId":93171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rahman","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tsai, F.T.-C.","contributorId":28343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tsai","given":"F.T.-C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, C.D.","contributorId":46664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carlson, D.A.","contributorId":56856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Willson, C. S.","contributorId":90440,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Willson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70030126,"text":"70030126 - 2007 - Occurrence and nest survival of four thrush species on a managed central Appalachian forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:37","indexId":"70030126","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occurrence and nest survival of four thrush species on a managed central Appalachian forest","docAbstract":"The wood thrush (Hylocichla mustelina Gmelin) is a species of concern in the central Appalachians, and is sympatric there with three related species, the American robin (Turdus migratorius Linnaeus), hermit thrush (Catharus guttatus Pallas), and veery (Catharus fuscescens Stephens). Our objectives were to quantify use of mature forests and areas subjected to even-aged harvesting and partial harvesting by these four species by measuring their frequency of occurrence, nest survival, and nest site characteristics. We also compared microhabitat characteristics among the landcover types. During 2001-2003 we conducted point count surveys, monitored nests, and collected nest habitat data on a managed forest in West Virginia. Land cover was digitized into five categories: deciduous and mixed mature forest, deciduous and mixed partial harvest, and even-aged regeneration harvest. Chi-square goodness-of-fit analysis with Bonferroni 95% confidence intervals indicated that deciduous partial harvests were more likely to be inhabited by wood thrushes. The other three species were less likely to occur in deciduous partial harvests, and veery had lower nest survival in partial harvests than in mature forest. Contrary to many published descriptions that suggest thrushes will not nest in even-aged harvests, a small number of all species but hermit thrushes did nest in this cover type, often near a residual canopy tree. Hermit thrushes were less likely to inhabit mature deciduous forest, even-aged harvests, and harvested edges but chose nesting areas in mature mixed forest that was disturbed by road building and the seeding of landings and skid trails >10 years ago. Microhabitat characteristics of landcovers did not differ overall. Our results suggest a relationship with partial harvesting that is positive for wood thrush but negative for the other three species. ?? 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Forest Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2007.03.020","issn":"03781127","usgsCitation":"Dellinger, R., Wood, P., and Keyser, P., 2007, Occurrence and nest survival of four thrush species on a managed central Appalachian forest: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 243, no. 2-3, p. 248-258, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.03.020.","startPage":"248","endPage":"258","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213078,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.03.020"},{"id":240663,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"243","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6b71e4b0c8380cd746ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dellinger, R.L.","contributorId":21766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dellinger","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, P.B. 0000-0002-8575-1705","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8575-1705","contributorId":103992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"P.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keyser, P.D.","contributorId":20857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keyser","given":"P.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031172,"text":"70031172 - 2007 - Estimating fishing mortality, natural mortality, and selectivity using recoveries from tagging young fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:17","indexId":"70031172","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating fishing mortality, natural mortality, and selectivity using recoveries from tagging young fish","docAbstract":"Current methods for estimation of age- and year-specific instantaneous mortality rates based on multiyear, multiple-age tagging studies assume that it is feasible to tag fish in a wide range of ages. For some species, however, only the youngest one or two age-classes are readily available for tagging. Given the practical advantages of tagging young fish only, an important question is whether such studies would provide the information needed for estimation of age-dependent mortality rates. We investigated three designs: tagging only the youngest available age-class, tagging the two youngest age-classes, and tagging the first five age-classes. We carried out simulation studies to assess estimator performance under these three designs, in each case assuming the same total number of tagged fish. Data were generated assuming fishing mortality rates to be age and year dependent and natural mortality rates to be constant or with limited age dependence. Estimator performance is best when fish are tagged in five age-classes, and tagging fish in the two youngest age-classes shows substantial improvement compared with tagging one age-class only. External information about the tag-reporting rate is necessary to obtain estimators with reasonable properties, especially in the case of models with age-dependent natural mortality. Such information can be obtained from auxiliary studies by means of high-reward tags or planted tags. Collecting recovery information for several additional years after the last release produces small improvements in precision and bias. If tagging fish in multiple age-classes is impractical, reasonable precision can be obtained by tagging one or preferably two age-classes and obtaining supplemental information on the reporting rate. For illustration, estimates of age-dependent fishing and natural mortality rates were obtained from tag returns on Chesapeake Bay striped bass Morone saxatilis tagged at ages 3 and 4 years. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/M06-127.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Jiang, H., Brownie, C., Hightower, J., and Pollock, K.H., 2007, Estimating fishing mortality, natural mortality, and selectivity using recoveries from tagging young fish: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 27, no. 3, p. 773-781, https://doi.org/10.1577/M06-127.1.","startPage":"773","endPage":"781","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238752,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211460,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M06-127.1"}],"volume":"27","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b1be4b0c8380cd5258e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jiang, H.","contributorId":83731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jiang","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brownie, C.","contributorId":43463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brownie","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hightower, J.E.","contributorId":16605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hightower","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pollock, K. H.","contributorId":65184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollock","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70029719,"text":"70029719 - 2007 - Shoreline change as a proxy for subaerial beach volume change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-09T12:36:18","indexId":"70029719","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shoreline change as a proxy for subaerial beach volume change","docAbstract":"It is difficult and expensive to calculate changes in sediment volume for large sections of sandy beaches. Shoreline change could be a useful proxy for volume change because it can be collected quickly and relatively easily over long distances. In this paper, we summarize several studies that find a high correlation between shoreline change and subaerial volume change. We also examine three new data sets. On Cape Cod, Massachusetts, the correlation coefficients between the time series of shoreline change and subaerial volume change at two locations are 0.73 and 0.96. On Assateague Island, the correlation coefficient between along-coast variations in shoreline change and subaerial volume change is 0.71. On the Outer Banks of North Carolina, the average correlation coefficient between temporal variations in shoreline change and subaerial volume change is 0.84. For spatial variations, the average correlation coefficient is 0.88. It is therefore concluded that shoreline change is a useful proxy for subaerial volume change.
","language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education and Research Foundation","doi":"10.2112/05-0442.1","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Farris, A., and List, J., 2007, Shoreline change as a proxy for subaerial beach volume change: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 23, no. 3, p. 740-748, https://doi.org/10.2112/05-0442.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"740","endPage":"748","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477100,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2112/05-0442.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240168,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts, Maryland, North Carolina, Virginia","city":"Cape Cod","otherGeospatial":"Assateague Island, Outer Banks","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.5,35.75 ], [ -76.5,42.083333 ], [ -69.833333,42.083333 ], [ -69.833333,35.75 ], [ -76.5,35.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"23","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8e91e4b08c986b3189f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Farris, Amy S.","contributorId":28075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farris","given":"Amy S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":423992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"List, Jeffrey H. jlist@usgs.gov","contributorId":2416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"List","given":"Jeffrey H.","email":"jlist@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":423991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70030059,"text":"70030059 - 2007 - Possible ancient giant basin and related water enrichment in the Arabia Terra province, Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:36","indexId":"70030059","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Possible ancient giant basin and related water enrichment in the Arabia Terra province, Mars","docAbstract":"A circular albedo feature in the Arabia Terra province was first hypothesized as an ancient impact basin using Viking-era information. To test this unpublished hypothesis, we have analyzed the Viking era-information together with layers of new data derived from the Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) and Mars Odyssey (MO) missions. Our analysis indicates that Arabia Terra is an ancient geologic province of Mars with many distinct characteristics, including predominantly Noachian materials, a unique part of the highland-lowland boundary, a prominent paleotectonic history, the largest region of fretted terrain on the planet, outflow channels with no obvious origins, extensive exposures of eroded layered sedimentary deposits, and notable structural, albedo, thermal inertia, gravity, magnetic, and elemental signatures. The province also is marked by special impact crater morphologies, which suggest a persistent volatile-rich substrate. No one characteristic provides definitive answers to the dominant event(s) that shaped this unique province. Collectively the characteristics reported here support the following hypothesized sequence of events in Arabia Terra: (1) an enormous basin, possibly of impact origin, formed early in martian history when the magnetic dynamo was active and the lithosphere was relatively thin, (2) sediments and other materials were deposited in the basin during high erosion rates while maintaining isostatic equilibrium, (3) sediments became water enriched during the Noachian Period, and (4) basin materials were uplifted in response to the growth of the Tharsis Bulge, resulting in differential erosion exposing ancient stratigraphic sequences. Parts of the ancient basin remain water-enriched to the present day. ?? 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2007.03.006","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Dohm, J.M., Barlow, N., Anderson, R.C., Williams, J., Miyamoto, H., Ferris, J., Strom, R., Taylor, G., Fairen, A., Baker, V., Boynton, W.V., Keller, J., Kerry, K., Janes, D., Rodriguez, J., and Hare, T., 2007, Possible ancient giant basin and related water enrichment in the Arabia Terra province, Mars: Icarus, v. 190, no. 1, p. 74-92, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2007.03.006.","startPage":"74","endPage":"92","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213048,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2007.03.006"},{"id":240628,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"190","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7e10e4b0c8380cd7a305","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dohm, J. M.","contributorId":102150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dohm","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barlow, N.G.","contributorId":107466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"N.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, R. C.","contributorId":9755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Williams, J.-P.","contributorId":49185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"J.-P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miyamoto, H.","contributorId":56831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miyamoto","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ferris, J.C.","contributorId":13731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferris","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Strom, R.G.","contributorId":45744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strom","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Taylor, G.J.","contributorId":76927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"G.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Fairen, A.G.","contributorId":25335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fairen","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Baker, V.R.","contributorId":47079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"V.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Boynton, W. V.","contributorId":44274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boynton","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Keller, J.M.","contributorId":87370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keller","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Kerry, K.","contributorId":45905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kerry","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Janes, D.","contributorId":89355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janes","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Rodriguez, J.A.P.","contributorId":55948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"J.A.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Hare, T.M. 0000-0001-8842-389X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8842-389X","contributorId":43828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hare","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}} ]}