{"pageNumber":"889","pageRowStart":"22200","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46734,"records":[{"id":70031965,"text":"70031965 - 2007 - Prioritizing bottomland hardwood forest sites for protection and augmentation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-30T12:01:24","indexId":"70031965","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2821,"text":"Natural Areas Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prioritizing bottomland hardwood forest sites for protection and augmentation","docAbstract":"Bottomland hardwood forest has been greatly diminished by conversion to agriculture. Less than 25% of the pre-Columbian bottomland hardwood forests remain in the southeastern United States. Because of the valuable ecological and hydrological functions performed by these forests, their conservation and restoration has been a high priority. Part of these restoration efforts has focused on developing tools that can be used for both assessments at the landscape level and policy implementation at the local level. The distribution of bottomland hardwood forests in the Cache and White River watersheds in eastern Arkansas were examined using existing GIS databases. Criteria were developed to select areas that should be conserved or augmented for wildlife habitat. Over 67% of the study area was classified as agriculture, with bottomland hardwood forest the next largest habitat class. The thickness of a forest fragment was defined as the radius of the largest circle that can be inscribed in a fragment. Thickness was used in three ways. First, individual forest fragments were identified and selected based on ecological function using criteria we established. Second, individual fragments that were too small to support interior species, but large enough that if moderately augmented they could recover that function, were identified and selected. These augmentable fragments were further prioritized by adjacency to habitat that might be suitable for reforestation, namely agriculture. Third, watersheds were prioritized for conservation and augmentation based on the size and distributions of forest fragment thickness and area within each watershed.","language":"English","publisher":"Natural Areas Association","doi":"10.3375/0885-8608(2007)27[72:PBHFSF]2.0.CO;2","issn":"08858608","usgsCitation":"Carter, J., and Biagas, J., 2007, Prioritizing bottomland hardwood forest sites for protection and augmentation: Natural Areas Journal, v. 27, no. 1, p. 72-82, https://doi.org/10.3375/0885-8608(2007)27[72:PBHFSF]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"72","endPage":"82","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242688,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.197265625,\n 33.89321737944089\n ],\n [\n -90.087890625,\n 33.89321737944089\n ],\n [\n -90.087890625,\n 36.16892253622743\n ],\n [\n -92.197265625,\n 36.16892253622743\n ],\n [\n -92.197265625,\n 33.89321737944089\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8c71e4b0c8380cd7e6bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, J. 0000-0003-0110-0284 carterj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0110-0284","contributorId":81839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"J.","email":"carterj@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":433915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Biagas, J. 0000-0001-5548-1970","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5548-1970","contributorId":51558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biagas","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031745,"text":"70031745 - 2007 - Spatial and temporal migration patterns of Wilson's Warbler (Wilsonia pusilla) in the southwest as revealed by stable isotopes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-25T13:54:37","indexId":"70031745","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal migration patterns of Wilson's Warbler (Wilsonia pusilla) in the southwest as revealed by stable isotopes","docAbstract":"

We used stable hydrogen isotopes (δD) to identify the breeding locations of Wilson’s Warbler (Wilsonia pusilla) migrating through five sites spanning a cross-section of the species’ southwestern migration route during the springs of 2003 and 2004. Determining the temporal and spatial patterns of migration and degree of population segregation during migration is critical to understanding long-term population trends of migrant birds. At all five migration sites, we found a significant negative relationship between the date Wilson’s Warblers passed through the sampling station and δD values of their feathers. These data were consistent with a pattern of “leap-frog” migration, in which individuals that bred the previous season at southern latitudes migrated through migration stations earlier than individuals that had previously bred at more northern latitudes. We documented that this pattern was consistent across sites and in multiple years. This finding corroborates previous research conducted on Wilson’s Warbler during the fall migration. In addition, mean δD values became more negative across sampling stations from west to east, with the mean δD values at each station corresponding to different geographic regions of the Wilson’s Warblers’ western breeding range. These data indicate that Wilson’s Warblers passing through each station represented a specific regional subset of the entire Wilson’s Warbler western breeding range. As a result, habitat alterations at specific areas across the east-west expanse of the bird’s migratory route in the southwestern United States could differentially affect Wilson’s Warblers at different breeding areas. This migration information is critical for management of Neotropical migrants, especially in light of the rapid changes presently occurring over the southwestern landscape.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/0004-8038(2007)124[162:SATMPO]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00048038","usgsCitation":"Paxton, K., van Riper, C., Theimer, T., and Paxton, E.H., 2007, Spatial and temporal migration patterns of Wilson's Warbler (Wilsonia pusilla) in the southwest as revealed by stable isotopes: The Auk, v. 124, no. 1, p. 162-175, https://doi.org/10.1642/0004-8038(2007)124[162:SATMPO]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"162","endPage":"175","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477143,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1642/0004-8038(2007)124[162:satmpo]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":239775,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"124","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b943ce4b08c986b31a95a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paxton, K.L.","contributorId":78547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paxton","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van Riper, Charles III 0000-0003-1084-5843 charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-5843","contributorId":169488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Riper","given":"Charles","suffix":"III","email":"charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":432946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Theimer, T.C.","contributorId":31580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theimer","given":"T.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paxton, E. H.","contributorId":16798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paxton","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031738,"text":"70031738 - 2007 - Morphological variation of siscowet lake trout in Lake Superior","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-29T10:43:51","indexId":"70031738","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Morphological variation of siscowet lake trout in Lake Superior","docAbstract":"

Historically, Lake Superior has contained many morphologically distinct forms of the lake trout Salvelinus namaycush that have occupied specific depths and locations and spawned at specific times of the year. Today, as was probably the case historically, the siscowet morphotype is the most abundant. Recent interest in harvesting siscowets to extract oil containing omega-3 fatty acids will require additional knowledge of the biology and stock structure of these lightly exploited populations. The objective of this study was to determine whether shape differences exist among siscowet populations across Lake Superior and whether these shape differences can be used to infer stock structure. Morphometric analysis (truss protocol) was used to differentiate among siscowets sampled from 23 locations in Lake Superior. We analyzed 31 distance measurements among 14 anatomical landmarks taken from digital images of fish recorded in the field. Cluster analysis of size-corrected data separated fish into three geographic groups: The Isle Royale, eastern (Michigan), and western regions (Michigan). Finer scales of stock structure were also suggested. Discriminant function analysis demonstrated that head measurements contributed to most of the observed variation. Cross-validation classification rates indicated that 67–71% of individual fish were correctly classified to their region of capture. This is the first study to present shape differences associated with location within a lake trout morphotype in Lake Superior.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/T06-098.1","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Bronte, C., and Moore, S., 2007, Morphological variation of siscowet lake trout in Lake Superior: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 136, no. 2, p. 509-517, https://doi.org/10.1577/T06-098.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"509","endPage":"517","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240155,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212639,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T06-098.1"}],"volume":"136","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5e46e4b0c8380cd70909","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bronte, C.R.","contributorId":20100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bronte","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, S.A.","contributorId":103397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031733,"text":"70031733 - 2007 - Toward a transport-based analysis of nutrient spiraling and uptake in streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-07T16:44:26.266653","indexId":"70031733","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2622,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography: Methods","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toward a transport-based analysis of nutrient spiraling and uptake in streams","docAbstract":"

Nutrient addition experiments are designed to study the cycling of nutrients in stream ecosystems where hydrologic and nonhydrologic processes determine nutrient fate. Because of the importance of hydrologic processes in stream ecosystems, a conceptual model known as nutrient spiraling is frequently employed. A central part of the nutrient spiraling approach is the determination of uptake length (Sw), the average distance traveled by dissolved nutrients in the water column before uptake. Although the nutrient spiraling concept has been an invaluable tool in stream ecology, the current practice of estimating uptake length from steady‐state nutrient data using linear regression (called here the “Sw approach”) presents a number of limitations. These limitations are identified by comparing the exponential Sw equation with analytical solutions of a stream solute transport model. This comparison indicates that (1) Sw is an aggregate measure of uptake that does not distinguish between main channel and storage zone processes, (2) Sw is an integrated measure of numerous hydrologic and nonhydrologic processes—this process integration may lead to difficulties in interpretation when comparing estimates of Sw, and (3) estimates of uptake velocity and areal uptake rate (vf and U) based on Sw are not independent of system hydrology. Given these findings, a transport‐based approach to nutrient spiraling is presented for steady‐state and time‐series data sets. The transport‐based approach for time‐series data sets is suggested for future research on nutrient uptake as it provides a number of benefits, including the ability to (1) separately quantify main channel and storage zone uptake, (2) quantify specific hydrologic and nonhydrologic processes using various model parameters (process separation), (3) estimate uptake velocities and areal uptake rates that are independent of hydrologic effects, and (4) use shortterm, non‐plateau nutrient additions such that the effects of regeneration and mineralization are minimized. In summary, the transport‐based, time‐series approach provides a means of estimating traditional measures of nutrient uptake (Sw, vf , U) while providing additional information on the location and magnitude of uptake (main channel versus storage zone). Application of the transport‐based approach to time‐series data from Green Creek, Antarctica, indicates that the bulk of nitrate uptake (~74% to 100%) occurred within the main channel where benthic uptake by algal mats is a likely process. Substantial uptake (~26%) also occurred in the storage zone of one reach, where uptake is attributed to the microbial community.

","language":"English","publisher":"ASLO","doi":"10.4319/lom.2007.5.50","usgsCitation":"Runkel, R.L., 2007, Toward a transport-based analysis of nutrient spiraling and uptake in streams: Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, v. 5, no. 1, p. 50-62, https://doi.org/10.4319/lom.2007.5.50.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"50","endPage":"62","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240083,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-01-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb5b2e4b08c986b326834","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Runkel, Robert L. 0000-0003-3220-481X runkel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-481X","contributorId":685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Robert","email":"runkel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":432902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70031710,"text":"70031710 - 2007 - Evidence of widespread natural reproduction by lake trout Salvelinus namaycush in the Michigan waters of Lake Huron","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-28T13:39:56","indexId":"70031710","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence of widespread natural reproduction by lake trout Salvelinus namaycush in the Michigan waters of Lake Huron","docAbstract":"

Localized natural reproduction of lake trout Salvelinus namaycush in Lake Huron has occurred since the 1980s near Thunder Bay, Michigan. During 2004–2006, USGS spring and fall bottom trawl surveys captured 63 wild juvenile lake trout at depths ranging from 37–73 m at four of five ports in the Michigan waters of the main basin of Lake Huron, more than five times the total number captured in the previous 30-year history of the surveys. Relatively high catches of wild juvenile lake trout in bottom trawls during 2004–2006 suggest that natural reproduction by lake trout has increased and occurred throughout the Michigan waters of the main basin. Increased catches of wild juvenile lake trout in the USGS fall bottom trawl survey were coincident with a drastic decline in alewife abundance, but data were insufficient to determine what mechanism may be responsible for increased natural reproduction by lake trout. We recommend further monitoring of juvenile lake trout abundance and research into early life history of lake trout in Lake Huron.

","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","doi":"10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[917:EOWNRB]2.0.CO;2","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Riley, S., He, J., Johnson, J., O’Brien, T.P., and Schaeffer, J., 2007, Evidence of widespread natural reproduction by lake trout Salvelinus namaycush in the Michigan waters of Lake Huron: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 33, no. 4, p. 917-921, https://doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[917:EOWNRB]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"917","endPage":"921","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239710,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212250,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[917:EOWNRB]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"33","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d70e4b0c8380cd53007","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riley, S.C.","contributorId":71378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riley","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"He, J.X.","contributorId":7901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"He","given":"J.X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, J.E.","contributorId":44857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O’Brien, T. P.","contributorId":22146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Brien","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schaeffer, J.S.","contributorId":42688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaeffer","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70031504,"text":"70031504 - 2007 - Regional beach/cliff system dynamics along the california coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:11","indexId":"70031504","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Regional beach/cliff system dynamics along the california coast","docAbstract":"The coast of California is comprised of both sandy shorelines and cliffed coastline, and in many areas these features spatially coincide. In order to better understand the regional trends of change along the California coast, the U.S. Geological Survey is quantifying both sandy shoreline change and coastal cliff retreat for the state. The resulting database was used to examine the dynamics of the beach/cliff system. We found inconsistent evidence of a relationship between rates of cliff retreat and shoreline change on the spatial scale of 100-km cells. However, when the data are correlated within individual regions, a strong relationship exists between the geomorphology of the coast and the behavior of the beach/cliff system. Areas of high-relief coast show negative correlations, indicating that higher rates of cliff retreat correlate with lower rates of shoreline erosion. In contrast, low- to moderate-relief coasts show strong positive correlations.","largerWorkTitle":"Coastal Sediments '07 - Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes","conferenceTitle":"6th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes","conferenceDate":"13 May 2007 through 17 May 2007","conferenceLocation":"New Orleans, LA","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/40926(239)133","isbn":"0784409269; 9780784409268","usgsCitation":"Hapke, C., and Reid, D., 2007, Regional beach/cliff system dynamics along the california coast, in Coastal Sediments '07 - Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes, New Orleans, LA, 13 May 2007 through 17 May 2007, https://doi.org/10.1061/40926(239)133.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212237,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40926(239)133"},{"id":239695,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a4aee4b0e8fec6cdbbfc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hapke, C.J.","contributorId":108233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hapke","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reid, Don","contributorId":68110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"Don","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031501,"text":"70031501 - 2007 - Late quaternary paleoseismology of the southern Steens fault zone, northern Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:12","indexId":"70031501","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late quaternary paleoseismology of the southern Steens fault zone, northern Nevada","docAbstract":"The 192-km-long Steens fault zone is the most prominent normal fault system in the northern Basin and Range province of western North America. We use trench mapping and radiometric dating to estimate displacements and timing of the last three surface-rupturing earthquakes (E1-E3) on the southern part of the fault south of Denio, Nevada. Coseismic displacements range from 1.1 to 2.2 ?? 0.5 m, and radiometric ages indicate earthquake times of 11.5 ?? 2.0 ka (E3), 6.1 ?? 0.5 ka (E2), and 4.6 ?? 1.0 ka (E1). These data yield recurrence intervals of 5.4 ?? 2.1 k.y. between E3 and E2, 1.5 ?? 1.1 k.y. between E2 and E1, and an elapsed time of 4.6 ?? 1.0 k.y. since E1. The recurrence data yield variable interval slip rates (between 0.2 ?? 0.22 and 1.5 ?? 2.3 mm/yr), but slip rates averaged over the past ???18 k.y. (0.24 ?? 0.06 mm/year) are similar to long-term (8.5-12.5 Ma) slip rates (0.2 ?? 0.1 mm /yr) measured a few kilometers to the north. We infer from the lack of significant topographic relief across the fault in Bog Hot Valley that the fault zone is propagating southward and may now be connected with a fault at the northwestern end of the Pine Forest Range. Displacements documented in the trench and a rupture length of 37 km indicate a history of three latest Quaternary earthquakes with magnitudes of M 6.6-7.1 on the southern part of the Steens fault zone.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120060202","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Personius, S., Crone, A.J., Machette, M.N., Mahan, S., Kyung, J., Cisneros, H., and Lidke, D., 2007, Late quaternary paleoseismology of the southern Steens fault zone, northern Nevada: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 97, no. 5, p. 1662-1678, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120060202.","startPage":"1662","endPage":"1678","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212178,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120060202"},{"id":239628,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4557e4b0c8380cd67229","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Personius, S. F. 0000-0001-8347-7370","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-7370","contributorId":31408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Personius","given":"S. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crone, A. J.","contributorId":84363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crone","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Machette, M. N.","contributorId":19561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Machette","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mahan, S. A. 0000-0001-5214-7774","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":94333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"S. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kyung, J.B.","contributorId":7499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kyung","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cisneros, H.","contributorId":60857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cisneros","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lidke, D. J.","contributorId":10857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lidke","given":"D. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70031486,"text":"70031486 - 2007 - Is statistical power to detect trends a good assessment of population monitoring?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:14","indexId":"70031486","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Is statistical power to detect trends a good assessment of population monitoring?","docAbstract":"The ability to detect trends in population abundance is of obvious interest to wildlife managers. In recent years, the probability of detecting defined population trends has been the most common method of assessing monitoring programs. Such analyses require many assumptions, including a model for population change and a model for variance. To demonstrate potential effects of these assumptions on power analysis results, we present data for Red-tailed Tropicbirds (Phaethon rubricauda) from Tern Island, Hawaii. Depending on our assumptions, the power to detect a 50% decline over 10 years varied from 80% to 100%. We argue that monitoring standards based upon the ability to detect population trends should be applied cautiously. As a complementary approach, we propose that monitoring standards should emphasize attributes of sampling design that increase precision (e.g., randomization, bias, and detection probability). By using standards of precision, managers can focus on the sources of variation that can be minimized. A sampling design approach to monitoring standards provides a useful complement to standards of statistical power to detect annual trends.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biological Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2007.08.007","issn":"00063207","usgsCitation":"Seavy, N., and Reynolds, M., 2007, Is statistical power to detect trends a good assessment of population monitoring?: Biological Conservation, v. 140, no. 1-2, p. 187-191, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2007.08.007.","startPage":"187","endPage":"191","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212472,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2007.08.007"},{"id":239962,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"140","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3f2ce4b0c8380cd64306","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seavy, N.E.","contributorId":26403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seavy","given":"N.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reynolds, M.H. 0000-0001-7253-8158","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7253-8158","contributorId":64214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"M.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031467,"text":"70031467 - 2007 - Random forests for classification in ecology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:12","indexId":"70031467","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Random forests for classification in ecology","docAbstract":"Classification procedures are some of the most widely used statistical methods in ecology. Random forests (RF) is a new and powerful statistical classifier that is well established in other disciplines but is relatively unknown in ecology. Advantages of RF compared to other statistical classifiers include (1) very high classification accuracy; (2) a novel method of determining variable importance; (3) ability to model complex interactions among predictor variables; (4) flexibility to perform several types of statistical data analysis, including regression, classification, survival analysis, and unsupervised learning; and (5) an algorithm for imputing missing values. We compared the accuracies of RF and four other commonly used statistical classifiers using data on invasive plant species presence in Lava Beds National Monument, California, USA, rare lichen species presence in the Pacific Northwest, USA, and nest sites for cavity nesting birds in the Uinta Mountains, Utah, USA. We observed high classification accuracy in all applications as measured by cross-validation and, in the case of the lichen data, by independent test data, when comparing RF to other common classification methods. We also observed that the variables that RF identified as most important for classifying invasive plant species coincided with expectations based on the literature. ?? 2007 by the Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/07-0539.1","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"Cutler, D., Edwards, T., Beard, K., Cutler, A., Hess, K., Gibson, J., and Lawler, J., 2007, Random forests for classification in ecology: Ecology, v. 88, no. 11, p. 2783-2792, https://doi.org/10.1890/07-0539.1.","startPage":"2783","endPage":"2792","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212176,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/07-0539.1"},{"id":239626,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9494e4b0c8380cd814c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cutler, D.R.","contributorId":89684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cutler","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edwards, T.C. Jr. 0000-0002-0773-0909","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-0909","contributorId":76486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"T.C.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beard, K.H.","contributorId":33531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beard","given":"K.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cutler, A.","contributorId":50354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cutler","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hess, K.T.","contributorId":31204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"K.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gibson, J.","contributorId":52399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibson","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lawler, J.J.","contributorId":8641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawler","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70031456,"text":"70031456 - 2007 - Adequacy of satellite derived rainfall data for stream flow modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-19T13:18:54","indexId":"70031456","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2822,"text":"Natural Hazards","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Adequacy of satellite derived rainfall data for stream flow modeling","docAbstract":"Floods are the most common and widespread climate-related hazard on Earth. Flood forecasting can reduce the death toll associated with floods. Satellites offer effective and economical means for calculating areal rainfall estimates in sparsely gauged regions. However, satellite-based rainfall estimates have had limited use in flood forecasting and hydrologic stream flow modeling because the rainfall estimates were considered to be unreliable. In this study we present the calibration and validation results from a spatially distributed hydrologic model driven by daily satellite-based estimates of rainfall for sub-basins of the Nile and Mekong Rivers. The results demonstrate the usefulness of remotely sensed precipitation data for hydrologic modeling when the hydrologic model is calibrated with such data. However, the remotely sensed rainfall estimates cannot be used confidently with hydrologic models that are calibrated with rain gauge measured rainfall, unless the model is recalibrated. ?? Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. 2007.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11069-007-9121-6","issn":"0921030X","usgsCitation":"Artan, G., Gadain, H., Smith, J., Asante, K., Bandaragoda, C., and Verdin, J., 2007, Adequacy of satellite derived rainfall data for stream flow modeling: Natural Hazards, v. 43, no. 2, p. 167-185, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-007-9121-6.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"167","endPage":"185","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":212500,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-007-9121-6"},{"id":239993,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-05-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e6f3e4b0c8380cd47745","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Artan, G.","contributorId":27262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Artan","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gadain, Hussein","contributorId":6255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gadain","given":"Hussein","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Jodie","contributorId":29531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Jodie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Asante, Kwasi","contributorId":59632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asante","given":"Kwasi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bandaragoda, C.J.","contributorId":98947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bandaragoda","given":"C.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Verdin, J. P. 0000-0003-0238-9657","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0238-9657","contributorId":33033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verdin","given":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70031453,"text":"70031453 - 2007 - Quantification of changes in metal loading from storm runoff, Merse River (Tuscany, Italy)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-11T06:24:44","indexId":"70031453","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2745,"text":"Mine Water and the Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantification of changes in metal loading from storm runoff, Merse River (Tuscany, Italy)","docAbstract":"

The Merse River in Tuscany is affected by mine drainage and the weathering of mine wastes along several kilometres of its catchment. The metal loading to the stream was quantified by defining detailed profiles of discharge and concentration, using tracer-dilution and synoptic-sampling techniques. During the course of a field experiment to evaluate metal loading to the Merse, such data were obtained for both storm and pre-storm conditions, providing a unique opportunity for comparison. Iron, Cu, and Mn were chosen to illustrate changes resulting from the storm. The total-recoverable load of Fe increased 21-fold, while loads of Cu and Mn increased by 8- and 7-fold, respectively, during the storm runoff. The increases most likely resulted from flushing particulates from near the stream, resuspension of colloidal material from the streambed, and increased ground-water inflow to the stream. The increases in Cu and Mn loads results from their association with colloids. It is possible that in-stream colloids had relatively more Cu than Mn, while near-stream colloids had relatively more Mn. Each of the metals also increased as a result of increased ground-water discharge during the storm. Despite great increases in load, the filterable concentrations of these metals did not increase substantially, remaining below chronic levels of toxicity.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10230-007-0020-6","issn":"10259112","usgsCitation":"Kimball, B.A., Bianchi, F., Walton-Day, K., Runkel, R.L., Nannucci, M., and Salvadori, A., 2007, Quantification of changes in metal loading from storm runoff, Merse River (Tuscany, Italy): Mine Water and the Environment, v. 26, no. 4, p. 209-216, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-007-0020-6.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"216","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477187,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.607.3689","text":"External Repository"},{"id":239960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212470,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10230-007-0020-6"}],"country":"Italy","county":"Tuscany","otherGeospatial":"Merse River","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[15.52038,38.23116],[15.16024,37.44405],[15.3099,37.13422],[15.09999,36.61999],[14.33523,36.99663],[13.82673,37.10453],[12.431,37.61295],[12.57094,38.12638],[13.74116,38.03497],[14.76125,38.14387],[15.52038,38.23116]]],[[[9.21001,41.20999],[9.80998,40.50001],[9.66952,39.17738],[9.21482,39.24047],[8.80694,38.90662],[8.4283,39.17185],[8.38825,40.37831],[8.16,40.95001],[8.70999,40.89998],[9.21001,41.20999]]],[[[12.37649,46.76756],[13.80648,46.50931],[13.69811,46.01678],[13.93763,45.59102],[13.14161,45.73669],[12.32858,45.38178],[12.38387,44.88537],[12.26145,44.60048],[12.58924,44.09137],[13.52691,43.58773],[14.02982,42.76101],[15.14257,41.95514],[15.92619,41.96132],[16.1699,41.74029],[15.88935,41.54108],[16.785,41.17961],[17.51917,40.87714],[18.37669,40.35562],[18.48025,40.16887],[18.29339,39.81077],[17.73838,40.27767],[16.8696,40.44223],[16.44874,39.7954],[17.17149,39.4247],[17.05284,38.90287],[16.63509,38.84357],[16.10096,37.9859],[15.68409,37.90885],[15.68796,38.21459],[15.89198,38.75094],[16.10933,38.96455],[15.71881,39.54407],[15.41361,40.04836],[14.9985,40.17295],[14.70327,40.60455],[14.06067,40.78635],[13.62799,41.18829],[12.88808,41.25309],[12.10668,41.70453],[11.19191,42.35543],[10.51195,42.93146],[10.20003,43.92001],[9.70249,44.03628],[8.88895,44.36634],[8.42856,44.23123],[7.85077,43.76715],[7.43518,43.69384],[7.5496,44.1279],[7.00756,44.25477],[6.74996,45.02852],[7.09665,45.3331],[6.80236,45.70858],[6.84359,45.99115],[7.27385,45.77695],[7.75599,45.82449],[8.31663,46.16364],[8.48995,46.00515],[8.96631,46.03693],[9.18288,46.44021],[9.92284,46.3149],[10.36338,46.48357],[10.4427,46.89355],[11.04856,46.75136],[11.16483,46.94158],[12.15309,47.11539],[12.37649,46.76756]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Italy\"}}]}","volume":"26","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-10-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91a9e4b0c8380cd803ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kimball, Briant A. bkimball@usgs.gov","contributorId":533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimball","given":"Briant","email":"bkimball@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":431556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bianchi, F.","contributorId":80490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bianchi","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walton-Day, Katherine 0000-0002-9146-6193 kwaltond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9146-6193","contributorId":1245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walton-Day","given":"Katherine","email":"kwaltond@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":431553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Runkel, Robert L. 0000-0003-3220-481X runkel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-481X","contributorId":685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Robert","email":"runkel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":431558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nannucci, M.","contributorId":89350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nannucci","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Salvadori, A.","contributorId":84980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Salvadori","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70031452,"text":"70031452 - 2007 - A rangewide population genetic study of trumpeter swans","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:14","indexId":"70031452","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A rangewide population genetic study of trumpeter swans","docAbstract":"For management purposes, the range of naturally occurring trumpeter swans (Cygnus buccinator) has been divided into two populations, the Pacific Coast Population (PP) and the Rocky Mountain Population (RMP). Little is known about the distribution of genetic variation across the species' range despite increasing pressure to make difficult management decisions regarding the two populations and flocks within them. To address this issue, we used rapidly evolving genetic markers (mitochondrial DNA sequence and 17 nuclear microsatellite loci) to elucidate the underlying genetic structure of the species. Data from both markers revealed a significant difference between the PP and RMP with the Yukon Territory as a likely area of overlap. Additionally, we found that the two populations have somewhat similar levels of genetic diversity (PP is slightly higher) suggesting that the PP underwent a population bottleneck similar to a well-documented one in the RMP. Both genetic structure and diversity results reveal that the Tri-State flock, a suspected unique, non-migratory flock, is not genetically different from the Canadian flock of the RMP and need not be treated as a unique population from a genetic standpoint. Finally, trumpeter swans appear to have much lower mitochondrial DNA variability than other waterfowl studied thus far which may suggest a previous, species-wide bottleneck. ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation Genetics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10592-006-9282-y","issn":"15660621","usgsCitation":"Oyler-McCance, S., Ransler, F., Berkman, L., and Quinn, T., 2007, A rangewide population genetic study of trumpeter swans: Conservation Genetics, v. 8, no. 6, p. 1339-1353, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-006-9282-y.","startPage":"1339","endPage":"1353","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212469,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-006-9282-y"},{"id":239959,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-02-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e52ae4b0c8380cd46b92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oyler-McCance, S.J.","contributorId":75877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oyler-McCance","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ransler, F.A.","contributorId":92034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ransler","given":"F.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Berkman, L.K.","contributorId":9862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berkman","given":"L.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Quinn, T.W.","contributorId":37285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quinn","given":"T.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031444,"text":"70031444 - 2007 - Transport and degradation of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in the pyritic Rabis Creek aquifer, Denmark","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T11:17:44","indexId":"70031444","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transport and degradation of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in the pyritic Rabis Creek aquifer, Denmark","docAbstract":"

Vertical profiles of the chlorofluorocarbons CFC‐11, CFC‐12, and CFC‐113 penetrating aerobic and anaerobic parts of a shallow sandy aquifer show that the CFC gases are degraded in the <1 m thick transition zone from aerobic to anaerobic groundwater in a pyritic sand aquifer at Rabis Creek, Denmark. Two‐dimensional solute transport simulations with either zero‐order or first‐order degradation in the anaerobic zone corroborate this interpretation. The transport model was previously calibrated against detailed tritium profiles in the same wells. First‐order degradation is found to best match the observed CFC profiles yielding an approximate half‐life of a few months for CFC‐11. Degradation is not as clearly recognized for CFC‐12 and CFC‐113, but it may occur with rates corresponding to a half‐life of a few years or more. Data indicate a geochemical control of the CFC concentration gradient at the redox front and that denitrification and denitrifiers are not of major importance for the observed CFC degradation. The responsible mechanism behind the observed degradation is not known but we suggest that reductive dehalogenation by surface‐bound Fe(II) on pyrite possibly enhanced by the presence of Fe(III)‐bearing weathering products (green rust) may be a plausible mechanism. The observed data and the performed simulations confirm the potential application of the CFC gases as age‐dating tools in the aerobic part of the investigated aquifer, but also that CFC data must be analyzed carefully before it is used as a dating tool in reducing aquifers because degradation may have occurred. The use of multiple or alternative tracers should be considered in anaerobic environments.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2006WR005854","usgsCitation":"Hinsby, K., Højberg, A., Engesgaard, P., Jensen, K., Larsen, F., Plummer, N., and Busenberg, E., 2007, Transport and degradation of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in the pyritic Rabis Creek aquifer, Denmark: Water Resources Research, v. 43, no. 10, Article W10423; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2006WR005854.","productDescription":"Article W10423; 15 p.","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487015,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006wr005854","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":239857,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Denmark","otherGeospatial":"Rabis Creek aquifer","volume":"43","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-10-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb73ae4b08c986b32711e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hinsby, K.","contributorId":15013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinsby","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Højberg, Anker L.","contributorId":187776,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Højberg","given":"Anker L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Engesgaard, P.","contributorId":12695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engesgaard","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jensen, K.H.","contributorId":75710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jensen","given":"K.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Larsen, F.","contributorId":104288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larsen","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":431523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Busenberg, Eurybiades ebusenbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busenberg","given":"Eurybiades","email":"ebusenbe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":431521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70031442,"text":"70031442 - 2007 - Near-fault peak ground velocity from earthquake and laboratory data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-24T11:18:44.358195","indexId":"70031442","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Near-fault peak ground velocity from earthquake and laboratory data","docAbstract":"We test the hypothesis that peak ground velocity (PGV) has an upper bound independent of earthquake magnitude and that this bound is controlled primarily by the strength of the seismogenic crust. The highest PGVs, ranging up to several meters per second, have been measured at sites within a few kilometers of the causative faults. Because the database for near-fault PGV is small, we use earthquake slip models, laboratory experiments, and evidence from a mining-induced earthquake to investigate the factors influencing near-fault PGV and the nature of its scaling. For each earthquake slip model we have calculated the peak slip rates for all subfaults and then chosen the maximum of these rates as an estimate of twice the largest near-fault PGV. Nine slip models for eight earthquakes, with magnitudes ranging from 6.5 to 7.6, yielded maximum peak slip rates ranging from 2.3 to 12 m/sec with a median of 5.9 m/sec. By making several adjustments, PGVs for small earthquakes can be simulated from peak slip rates measured during laboratory stick-slip experiments. First, we adjust the PGV for differences in the state of stress (i.e., the difference between the laboratory loading stresses and those appropriate for faults at seismogenic depths). To do this, we multiply both the slip and the peak slip rate by the ratio of the effective normal stresses acting on fault planes measured at 6.8 km depth at the KTB site, Germany (deepest available in situ stress measurements), to those acting on the laboratory faults. We also adjust the seismic moment by replacing the laboratory fault with a buried circular shear crack whose radius is chosen to match the experimental unloading stiffness. An additional, less important adjustment is needed for experiments run in triaxial loading conditions. With these adjustments, peak slip rates for 10 stick-slip events, with scaled moment magnitudes from -2.9 to 1.0, range from 3.3 to 10.3 m/sec, with a median of 5.4 m/sec. Both the earthquake and laboratory results are consistent with typical maximum peak slip rates averaging between 5 and 6 m/sec or corresponding maximum near-fault PGVs between 2.5 and 3 m/sec at seismogenic depths, independent of magnitude. Our ability to replicate maximum slip rates in the fault zones of earthquakes by adjusting the corresponding laboratory rates using the ratio of effective normal stresses acting on the fault planes suggests that the strength of the seismogenic crust is the important factor limiting the near-fault PGV.","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120060268","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"McGarr, A., and Fletcher, J.B., 2007, Near-fault peak ground velocity from earthquake and laboratory data: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 97, no. 5, p. 1502-1510, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120060268.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1502","endPage":"1510","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239821,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a63dce4b0c8380cd7273d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGarr, Art 0000-0001-9769-4093","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9769-4093","contributorId":43491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGarr","given":"Art","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fletcher, Joe B.","contributorId":8850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fletcher","given":"Joe","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70031439,"text":"70031439 - 2007 - Geochemical and geophysical examination of submarine groundwater discharge and associated nutrient loading estimates into Lynch Cove, Hood Canal, WA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-03T13:53:19","indexId":"70031439","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical and geophysical examination of submarine groundwater discharge and associated nutrient loading estimates into Lynch Cove, Hood Canal, WA","docAbstract":"

Geochemical tracer data (i.e., 222Rn and four naturally occurring Ra isotopes), electromagnetic (EM) seepage meter results, and high-resolution, stationary electrical resistivity images were used to examine the bi-directional (i.e., submarine groundwater discharge and recharge) exchange of a coastal aquifer with seawater. Our study site for these experiments was Lynch Cove, the terminus of Hood Canal, WA, where fjord-like conditions dramatically limit water column circulation that can lead to recurring summer-time hypoxic events. In such a system a precise nutrient budget may be particularly sensitive to groundwater-derived nutrient loading. Shore-perpendicular time-series subsurface resistivity profiles show clear, decimeter-scale tidal modulation of the coastal aquifer in response to large, regional hydraulic gradients, hydrologically transmissive glacial terrain, and large (4-5 m) tidal amplitudes. A 5-day 222Rn time-series shows a strong inverse covariance between 222Rn activities (0.5−29 dpm L-1) and water level fluctuations, and provides compelling evidence for tidally modulated exchange of groundwater across the sediment/water interface. Mean Rn-derived submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) rates of 85 ± 84 cm d-1 agree closely in the timing and magnitude with EM seepage meter results that showed discharge during low tide and recharge during high tide events. To evaluate the importance of fresh versus saline SGD, Rn-derived SGD rates (as a proxy of total SGD) were compared to excess 226Ra-derived SGD rates (as a proxy for the saline contribution of SGD). The calculated SGD rates, which include a significant (>80%) component of recycled seawater, are used to estimate associated nutrient (NH4+, Si, PO43-, NO3 + NO2, TDN) loads to Lynch Cove. The dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN = NH4 + NO2 + NO3) SGD loading estimate of 5.9 × 104 mol d-1 is 1−2 orders of magnitude larger than similar estimates derived from atmospheric deposition and surface water runoff, respectively.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es070881a","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Swarzenski, P., Simonds, F., Paulson, A., Kruse, S., and Reich, C., 2007, Geochemical and geophysical examination of submarine groundwater discharge and associated nutrient loading estimates into Lynch Cove, Hood Canal, WA: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 41, no. 20, p. 7022-7029, https://doi.org/10.1021/es070881a.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"7022","endPage":"7029","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239757,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Hood Canal, Lynch Cove","volume":"41","issue":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-09-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a15d0e4b0c8380cd54f58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swarzenski, P.W. 0000-0003-0116-0578","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-0578","contributorId":29487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"P.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simonds, F. W.","contributorId":54616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simonds","given":"F. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paulson, A.J. apaulson@usgs.gov","contributorId":89617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paulson","given":"A.J.","email":"apaulson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kruse, S.","contributorId":33103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kruse","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reich, C.","contributorId":41787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reich","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70031338,"text":"70031338 - 2007 - Monitoring and modeling ice-rock avalanches from ice-capped volcanoes: A case study of frequent large avalanches on Iliamna Volcano, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:14","indexId":"70031338","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring and modeling ice-rock avalanches from ice-capped volcanoes: A case study of frequent large avalanches on Iliamna Volcano, Alaska","docAbstract":"Iliamna is an andesitic stratovolcano of the Aleutian arc with regular gas and steam emissions and mantled by several large glaciers. Iliamna Volcano exhibits an unusual combination of frequent and large ice-rock avalanches in the order of 1 ?? 106??m3 to 3 ?? 107??m3 with recent return periods of 2-4??years. We have reconstructed an avalanche event record for the past 45??years that indicates Iliamna avalanches occur at higher frequency at a given magnitude than other mass failures in volcanic and alpine environments. Iliamna Volcano is thus an ideal site to study such mass failures and its relation to volcanic activity. In this study, we present different methods that fit into a concept of (1) long-term monitoring, (2) early warning, and (3) event documentation and analysis of ice-rock avalanches on ice-capped active volcanoes. Long-term monitoring methods include seismic signal analysis, and space-and airborne observations. Landsat and ASTER satellite data was used to study the extent of hydrothermally altered rocks and surface thermal anomalies at the summit region of Iliamna. Subpixel heat source calculation for the summit regions where avalanches initiate yielded temperatures of 307 to 613??K assuming heat source areas of 1000 to 25??m2, respectively, indicating strong convective heat flux processes. Such heat flow causes ice melting conditions and is thus likely to reduce the strength at the base of the glacier. We furthermore demonstrate typical seismic records of Iliamna avalanches with rarely observed precursory signals up to two hours prior to failure, and show how such signals could be used for a multi-stage avalanche warning system in the future. For event analysis and documentation, space- and airborne observations and seismic records in combination with SRTM and ASTER derived terrain data allowed us to reconstruct avalanche dynamics and to identify remarkably similar failure and propagation mechanisms of Iliamna avalanches for the past 45??years. Simple avalanche flow modeling was able to reasonably replicate Iliamna avalanches and can thus be applied for hazard assessments. Hazards at Iliamna Volcano are low due to its remote location; however, we emphasize the transfer potential of the methods presented here to other ice-capped volcanoes with much higher hazards such as those in the Cascades or the Andes. ?? 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2007.08.009","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Huggel, C., Caplan-Auerbach, J., Waythomas, C.F., and Wessels, R., 2007, Monitoring and modeling ice-rock avalanches from ice-capped volcanoes: A case study of frequent large avalanches on Iliamna Volcano, Alaska: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 168, no. 1-4, p. 114-136, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2007.08.009.","startPage":"114","endPage":"136","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239784,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212318,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2007.08.009"}],"volume":"168","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5d89e4b0c8380cd70439","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huggel, C.","contributorId":89347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huggel","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caplan-Auerbach, J.","contributorId":7057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caplan-Auerbach","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Waythomas, C. F.","contributorId":10065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waythomas","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wessels, R.L.","contributorId":108281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wessels","given":"R.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031336,"text":"70031336 - 2007 - Homogeneity of the geochemical reference material BRP-1 (paraná basin basalt) and assessment of minimum mass","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-06T09:43:33","indexId":"70031336","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1822,"text":"Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Homogeneity of the geochemical reference material BRP-1 (paraná basin basalt) and assessment of minimum mass","docAbstract":"

Reference materials (RM) are required for quantitative analyses and their successful use is associated with the degree of homogeneity, and the traceability and confidence limits of the values established by characterisation. During the production of a RM, the chemical characterisation can only commence after it has been demonstrated that the material has the required level of homogeneity. Here we describe the preparation of BRP-1, a proposed geochemical reference material, and the results of the tests to evaluate its degree of homogeneity between and within bottles. BRP-1 is the first of two geochemical RM being produced by Brazilian institutions in collaboration with the United States Geological Survey (USGS) and the International Association of Geoanalysts (IAG). Two test portions of twenty bottles of BRP-1 were analysed by wavelength dispersive-XRF spectrometry and major, minor and eighteen trace elements were determined. The results show that for most of the investigated elements, the units of BRP-1 were homogeneous at conditions approximately three times more rigorous than those strived for by the test of “sufficient homogeneity”. Furthermore, the within bottle homogeneity of BRP-1 was evaluated using small beam (1 mm2) synchrotron radiation XRF spectrometry and, for comparison, the USGS reference materials BCR-2 and GSP-2 were also evaluated. From our data, it has been possible to assign representative minimum masses for some major constituents (1 mg) and for some trace elements (1-13 mg), except Zr in GSP-2, for which test portions of 74 mg are recommended.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1111/j.1751-908X.2007.00111.x","issn":"16394488","usgsCitation":"Cotta, A.J., Enzweiler, J., Wilson, S.A., Perez, C.A., Nardy, A.J., and Larizzatti, J.H., 2007, Homogeneity of the geochemical reference material BRP-1 (paraná basin basalt) and assessment of minimum mass: Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, v. 31, no. 4, p. 379-393, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-908X.2007.00111.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"379","endPage":"393","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239751,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212288,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-908X.2007.00111.x"}],"country":"Brazil","state":"Sao Paulo","city":"Ribeirao Preto","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -35.45013427734375,\n -8.553861881323053\n ],\n [\n -35.45013427734375,\n -8.43569632034908\n ],\n [\n -35.299072265625,\n -8.43569632034908\n ],\n [\n -35.299072265625,\n -8.553861881323053\n ],\n [\n -35.45013427734375,\n -8.553861881323053\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-11-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3213e4b0c8380cd5e4d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cotta, Aloisio J. B.","contributorId":106715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cotta","given":"Aloisio","email":"","middleInitial":"J. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Enzweiler, Jacinta","contributorId":31579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enzweiler","given":"Jacinta","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, Stephen A. 0000-0002-9468-0005 swilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9468-0005","contributorId":1617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Stephen","email":"swilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":431096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Perez, Carlos A.","contributorId":94099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perez","given":"Carlos","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nardy, Antonio J. R.","contributorId":98114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nardy","given":"Antonio","email":"","middleInitial":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Larizzatti, Joao H.","contributorId":12693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larizzatti","given":"Joao","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70031335,"text":"70031335 - 2007 - Home ranges and habitat use of sloth bears Melursus ursinus inornatus in Wasgomuwa National Park, Sri Lanka","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:14","indexId":"70031335","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3766,"text":"Wildlife Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Home ranges and habitat use of sloth bears Melursus ursinus inornatus in Wasgomuwa National Park, Sri Lanka","docAbstract":"We studied home ranges and habitat selection of 10 adult sloth bears Melursus ursinus inornatus at Wasgomuwa National Park, Sri Lanka during 2002-2003. Very little is known about the ecology and behaviour of M. u. inornatus, which is a subspecies found in Sri Lanka. Our study was undertaken to assess space and habitat requirements typical of a viable population of M. u. inornatus to facilitate future conservation efforts. We captured and radio-collared 10 adult sloth bears and used the telemetry data to assess home-range size and habitat use. Mean 95% fixed kernel home ranges were 2.2 km2 (SE = 0.61) and 3.8 km2 (SE = 1.01) for adult females and males, respectively. Although areas outside the national park were accessible to bears, home ranges were almost exclusively situated within the national park boundaries. Within the home ranges, high forests were used more and abandoned agricultural fields (chenas) were used less than expected based on availability. Our estimates of home-range size are among the smallest reported for any species of bear. Thus, despite its relatively small size, Wasgomuwa National Park may support a sizeable population of sloth bears. The restriction of human activity within protected areas may be necessary for long-term viability of sloth bear populations in Sri Lanka as is maintenance of forest or scrub cover in areas with existing sloth bear populations and along potential travel corridors. ?? Wildlife Biology 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2981/0909-6396(2007)13[272:HRAHUO]2.0.CO;2","issn":"09096396","usgsCitation":"Ratnayeke, S., Van Manen, F., and Padmalal, U., 2007, Home ranges and habitat use of sloth bears Melursus ursinus inornatus in Wasgomuwa National Park, Sri Lanka: Wildlife Biology, v. 13, no. 3, p. 272-284, https://doi.org/10.2981/0909-6396(2007)13[272:HRAHUO]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"272","endPage":"284","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477182,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2981/0909-6396(2007)13[272:hrahuo]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":239750,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212287,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2981/0909-6396(2007)13[272:HRAHUO]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"13","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a320be4b0c8380cd5e495","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ratnayeke, S.","contributorId":33921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratnayeke","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Manen, F.T.","contributorId":45241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Manen","given":"F.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Padmalal, U.K.G.K.","contributorId":9859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Padmalal","given":"U.K.G.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031326,"text":"70031326 - 2007 - Faunal re-evaluation of Mid-Pliocene conditions in the western equatorial Pacific","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-27T15:25:54","indexId":"70031326","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2735,"text":"Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Faunal re-evaluation of Mid-Pliocene conditions in the western equatorial Pacific","docAbstract":"Mid-Pliocene low-latitude Pacific faunal (planktic foraminifer) sea surface temperature (SST) estimates are normally based upon the Modern Analog Technique (MAT). In the Eastern equatorial Pacific (EEP), where upwelling of cool water predominates, MAT can be used to discern both cooling and warming in Neogene records. SST today is ???30??C in the western equatorial Pacific (WEP) warm pool, the upper limit of the modern calibration data, and past warming above that level is difficult to assess using faunal methods. Mid-Pliocene fossil samples from the WEP have been analyzed using several variations of MAT with different outcomes and associated levels of confidence. While SST above ???30??C in the WEP during the mid-Pliocene cannot be ruled out due to the limitations of the method, temperatures this warm seem unlikely. In addition to the mid-Pliocene, planktic foraminifer assemblages from the coretop, last glacial maximum, last interglacial and the penultimate glacial (Marine Isotope Stage 6) show striking similarity to each other which suggests little to no change in the region between times of global climate extremes. There is generally good agreement between the Mg/Ca paleothermometer and MAT derived faunal SST estimates. Both suggest stability of the WEP warm pool.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Micropaleontology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","doi":"10.2113/gsmicropal.53.6.447","issn":"00262803","usgsCitation":"Dowsett, H., 2007, Faunal re-evaluation of Mid-Pliocene conditions in the western equatorial Pacific: Micropaleontology, v. 53, no. 6, p. 447-456, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsmicropal.53.6.447.","startPage":"447","endPage":"456","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239615,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268484,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsmicropal.53.6.447"}],"volume":"53","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-08-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f2ce4b0c8380cd537e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dowsett, H.","contributorId":44303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70031298,"text":"70031298 - 2007 - Prime candidate earth targets for the post-launch radiometric calibration of space-based optical imaging instruments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-17T16:56:50.118149","indexId":"70031298","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Prime candidate earth targets for the post-launch radiometric calibration of space-based optical imaging instruments","docAbstract":"This paper provides a comprehensive list of prime candidate terrestrial targets for consideration as benchmark sites for the post-launch radiometric calibration of space-based instruments. The key characteristics of suitable sites are outlined primarily with respect to selection criteria, spatial uniformity, and temporal stability. The establishment and utilization of such benchmark sites is considered an important element of the radiometric traceability of satellite image data products for use in the accurate monitoring of environmental change.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Earth Observing Systems XII","conferenceDate":"Aug 26-28, 2007","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA","language":"English","publisher":"SPIE","doi":"10.1117/12.733156","usgsCitation":"Teillet, P., Barsi, J., Chander, G., and Thome, K.J., 2007, Prime candidate earth targets for the post-launch radiometric calibration of space-based optical imaging instruments, in Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, v. 6677, San Diego, CA, Aug 26-28, 2007, 66770S, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.733156.","productDescription":"66770S","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239749,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6677","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8b9fe4b0c8380cd7e2b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Teillet, P.M.","contributorId":23717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teillet","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barsi, J. A.","contributorId":24085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barsi","given":"J. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chander, G.","contributorId":51449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chander","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thome, K. J.","contributorId":88099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thome","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70195420,"text":"70195420 - 2007 - USGS assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources for the Oligocene Frio and Anahuac formations, U.S. Gulf of Mexico coastal plain and state waters: Review of assessment units","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-15T14:24:17","indexId":"70195420","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"seriesNumber":"27","title":"USGS assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources for the Oligocene Frio and Anahuac formations, U.S. Gulf of Mexico coastal plain and state waters: Review of assessment units","docAbstract":"

The Oligocene Frio and Anahuac formations were examined by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as part of an assessment of technically recoverable undiscovered conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon resources in Paleogene and Neogene strata underlying the U.S. Gulf of Mexico Coastal Plain and state waters. Work included the identification of structural, stratigraphic, and tectonic relations between petroleum source rocks and migration pathways to Frio and Anahuac reservoirs; preliminary evaluation of the potential for shallow (less than 3,000 ft) biogenic gas accumulations; and evaluation of the potential for deep, undiscovered gas and oil accumulations in slope and basin floor areas. All assessments were conducted using USGS methodology (http://energy.cr.usgs.gov/oilgas/noga/methodology.html). Final products from the USGS assessment of the Paleogene and Neogene were reported in USGS fact sheets (Dubiel et al., 2007; Warwick et al., 2007).

Five assessment units for the Frio Formation were defined, and three of these were based on the character of the reservoirs in relation to growth faults and other related factors: (1) the Frio stable shelf oil and gas assessment unit, which contains thin (average thickness of 34 ft) and shallow reservoirs (average depth of 4,834 ft); (2) the Frio expanded fault zone oil and gas assessment unit, which contains thick (average thickness of 56 ft) and deep reservoirs (average depth of 9,050 ft) in over-pressured intervals; and (3) the Frio slope and basin floor gas assessment unit, which has potential for deep gas (greater than 15,000 ft) and extends from the downdip boundary of the expanded fault zone to the offshore State/Federal water boundary. The fourth Frio assessment unit is the Hackberry oil and gas assessment unit. The Hackberry embayment of southeast Texas and southwest Louisiana consists of a slope facies in the middle part of the Frio Formation. The fifth unit, the Frio basin margin assessment unit, extends from the updip boundary of the Frio stable shelf oil and gas assessment unit to the outcrop of the Frio. Because the basin margin unit has no production data and little potential for biogenic gas, it was not assessed; however, a description of this unit will be included in the final assessment report. An assessment unit also was defined for the Anahuac Formation, a major transgressive unit overlying the Frio.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Paleogene of the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean basins: Processes, events, and petroleum systems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"27th Annual Gulf Coast Section SEPM Foundation Bob F. Perkins Research Conference","conferenceDate":"December 2-5, 2007","conferenceLocation":"Houston, TX","language":"English","publisher":"SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology","doi":"10.5724/gcs.07.27.0341","isbn":"978-0-9836096-3-6","usgsCitation":"Swanson, S.M., Karlsen, A.W., and Warwick, P.D., 2007, USGS assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources for the Oligocene Frio and Anahuac formations, U.S. Gulf of Mexico coastal plain and state waters: Review of assessment units, in The Paleogene of the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean basins: Processes, events, and petroleum systems, v. 27, Houston, TX, December 2-5, 2007, p. 395-420, https://doi.org/10.5724/gcs.07.27.0341.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"395","endPage":"420","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":351665,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.gcssepm.org/conference/2007_conference.htm"},{"id":351587,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","volume":"27","tableOfContents":"
","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afeff78e4b0da30c1bfcb8a","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Kennan, Lorcan","contributorId":102036,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kennan","given":"Lorcan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":728523,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pindell, James","contributorId":86137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pindell","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":728524,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosen, Norman C.","contributorId":40565,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosen","given":"Norman","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":728525,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Swanson, Sharon M. 0000-0002-4235-1736 smswanson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4235-1736","contributorId":590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Sharon","email":"smswanson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":728520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Karlsen, Alexander W.","contributorId":105382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karlsen","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":728521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Warwick, Peter D. 0000-0002-3152-7783 pwarwick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-7783","contributorId":762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warwick","given":"Peter","email":"pwarwick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":728522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031297,"text":"70031297 - 2007 - Paleomagnetic and mineral magnetic constraints on Zn-Pb ore genesis in the Pend Oreille Mine, Metaline district, Washington, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:14","indexId":"70031297","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1168,"text":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleomagnetic and mineral magnetic constraints on Zn-Pb ore genesis in the Pend Oreille Mine, Metaline district, Washington, USA","docAbstract":"Zinc-lead mineralization in the Metaline mining district of northeastern Washington, USA, is hosted by the Cambrian Metaline Formation and is classified into Yellowhead-type (YO) and Josephine-type (JO) ore based on texture and mineralogy. Paleomagnetic results are reported for four Cambrian Metaline Formation sites, one Ordovician Ledbetter slate site, 12 YO and 13 JO (including two breccia sites) mineralization sites in the Pend Oreille Mine, and eight sites from the nearby Cretaceous Kaniksu granite batholith. Thermal and alternating field step demagnetization, saturation isothermal remanence analysis, and synthetic specimen tests show that the remanence in the host carbonates and Zn-Pb mineralization is carried mostly by pseudosingle (PSD) to single domain (SD) pyrrhotite and mostly by PSD to SD magnetite in the Kaniksu granite. Based on thermomagnetic measurements, sphalerite and galena concentrates and tailings from the mine's mill contain hexagonal and monoclimc pyrrhotite. The postfolding characteristic remanent magnetization (ChRM), known thermal data, and paleoarc method of dating suggest that the Zn-Pb mineralization carries a primary chemical remanent magnetization (CRM), and Metaline Formation carbonates a secondary CRM that were acquired during the Middle Jurassic (166 ??6 Ma) during the waning stages of the Nevadan orogeny. A paleomagnetic breccia test favours a solution-collapse origin for the Josephine breccia. Finally, the Kaniksu paleopole is concordant with the North American Cretaceous reference paleopole, suggesting the Kootenay terrane has not been rotated since emplacement of the batholith at ???94 Ma. ?? 2007 NRC Canada.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/E07-056","issn":"00084077","usgsCitation":"Pannalal, S., Symons, D.T., and Leach, D.L., 2007, Paleomagnetic and mineral magnetic constraints on Zn-Pb ore genesis in the Pend Oreille Mine, Metaline district, Washington, USA: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 44, no. 12, p. 1661-1673, https://doi.org/10.1139/E07-056.","startPage":"1661","endPage":"1673","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239748,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212285,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/E07-056"}],"volume":"44","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7403e4b0c8380cd773b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pannalal, S.J.","contributorId":78935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pannalal","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Symons, David T. A.","contributorId":26824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Symons","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"T. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leach, D. L.","contributorId":18758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leach","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031291,"text":"70031291 - 2007 - Basin structure beneath the Santa Rosa Plain, Northern California: Implications for damage caused by the 1969 Santa Rosa and 1906 San Francisco earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-24T11:14:44.764366","indexId":"70031291","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Basin structure beneath the Santa Rosa Plain, Northern California: Implications for damage caused by the 1969 Santa Rosa and 1906 San Francisco earthquakes","docAbstract":"

Regional gravity data in the northern San Francisco Bay region reflect a complex basin configuration beneath the Santa Rosa plain that likely contributed to the significant damage to the city of Santa Rosa caused by the 1969 M 5.6, 5.7 Santa Rosa earthquakes and the 1906 M 7.9 San Francisco earthquake. Inversion of these data indicates that the Santa Rosa plain is underlain by two sedimentary basins about 2 km deep separated by the Trenton Ridge, a shallow west-northwest-striking bedrock ridge west of Santa Rosa. The city of Santa Rosa is situated above the 2- km-wide protruding northeast corner of the southern basin where damage from both the 1969 and 1906 earthquakes was concentrated. Ground-motion simulations of the 1969 and 1906 earthquakes, two events with opposing azimuths, using the gravity- defined basin surface, show enhanced ground motions along the northeastern edge of this corner, suggesting that basin-edge effects contributed to the concentration of shaking damage in this area in the past and may also contribute to strong shaking during future earthquakes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120060269","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"McPhee, D., Langenheim, V., Hartzell, S., McLaughlin, R.J., Aagaard, B.T., Jachens, R., and McCabe, C., 2007, Basin structure beneath the Santa Rosa Plain, Northern California: Implications for damage caused by the 1969 Santa Rosa and 1906 San Francisco earthquakes: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 97, no. 5, p. 1449-1457, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120060269.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1449","endPage":"1457","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489798,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0120060269","text":"External Repository"},{"id":239646,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Rosa Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.88345336914062,\n 38.57286386289748\n ],\n [\n -122.79693603515624,\n 38.576084772796115\n ],\n [\n -122.67745971679688,\n 38.55783104069692\n ],\n [\n -122.54562377929686,\n 38.48154475346391\n ],\n [\n -122.51266479492188,\n 38.41271038284709\n ],\n [\n -122.51678466796874,\n 38.329807044201374\n ],\n [\n -122.6019287109375,\n 38.285624966683756\n ],\n [\n -122.7008056640625,\n 38.257593120395356\n ],\n [\n -122.82302856445312,\n 38.25004423627535\n ],\n [\n -122.91641235351562,\n 38.32226566803644\n ],\n [\n -122.96997070312499,\n 38.43315243882766\n ],\n [\n -122.96722412109374,\n 38.48369476951686\n ],\n [\n -122.88345336914062,\n 38.57286386289748\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"97","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059efeee4b0c8380cd4a50b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McPhee, D.K.","contributorId":96775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPhee","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langenheim, V.E. 0000-0003-2170-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":54956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"V.E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":430916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hartzell, S.","contributorId":12603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartzell","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McLaughlin, R. J. 0000-0002-4390-2288","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4390-2288","contributorId":107271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"R.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Aagaard, Brad T. 0000-0002-8795-9833 baagaard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8795-9833","contributorId":192869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aagaard","given":"Brad","email":"baagaard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":430915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jachens, R.C.","contributorId":55433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McCabe, C.","contributorId":77431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70031279,"text":"70031279 - 2007 - Reconstructing late Cenozoic stream gradients from high-level chert gravels in central Eastern Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:12","indexId":"70031279","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1358,"text":"Current Research in Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reconstructing late Cenozoic stream gradients from high-level chert gravels in central Eastern Kansas","docAbstract":"Interpreting the evolution of Kansas' landscape east of the Flint Hills provides major challenges. In the Neogene (late Tertiary) and perhaps part of the Pleistocene, streams transported a variety of sedimentary materials, including chert gravels derived from the Flint Hills. Gentle intermittent uplift stimulated the system system to cut down, locally removing and reworking the gravels to create stream-terrace deposits that consist mostly of chert pebbles, which now lie well above the floodplains of modern streams. By correlating the elevations of these gravels, the gradients of the trunk streams that deposited them can be reconstructed. Interestingly, these ancient streams flowed southeast at a little more than a foot per mile (0.2 m/km), roughly the same as the gradient of the trunk streams in the region today. The evolving landscape in eastern Kansas also has been strongly influenced by an extensive network of fractures that is widespread in the midcontinent region and may be worldwide in extent. In northeastern Kansas, glaciation during the Pleistocene disrupted the southeasterly drainage and established the present location of the Kansas River. South of the Kansas River and its immediate tributaries, however, the general southeasterly drainage has been preserved. We have made use of the wealth of topographic-elevation data now available in digital form known as DEMs or digital elevation models. Coupled with GIS procedures, the DEMs helped link the mapped distribution of chert gravels with hypothetical fitted surfaces that represent ancient stream gradients. Furthermore, DEM data placed in shaded-relief map form emphasize the influence of fractures in evolution of the drainage system.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Current Research in Earth Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Harbaugh, J., Merriam, D.F., and Howard, H., 2007, Reconstructing late Cenozoic stream gradients from high-level chert gravels in central Eastern Kansas: Current Research in Earth Sciences, v. 253, no. 2.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240018,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"253","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a24fe4b0e8fec6cdb56b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harbaugh, J.W.","contributorId":43912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harbaugh","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Merriam, D. F.","contributorId":63175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merriam","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Howard, H.H.","contributorId":74256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"H.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031019,"text":"70031019 - 2007 - A three-dimensional geophysical model of the crust in the Barents Sea region: Model construction and basement characterization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-02T11:19:43.038204","indexId":"70031019","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A three-dimensional geophysical model of the crust in the Barents Sea region: Model construction and basement characterization","docAbstract":"

BARENTS50, a new 3-D geophysical model of the crust in the Barents Sea Region has been developed by the University of Oslo, NORSAR and the U.S. Geological Survey. The target region comprises northern Norway and Finland, parts of the Kola Peninsula and the East European lowlands. Novaya Zemlya, the Kara Sea and Franz-Josef Land terminate the region to the east, while the Norwegian-Greenland Sea marks the western boundary. In total, 680 1-D seismic velocity profiles were compiled, mostly by sampling 2-D seismic velocity transects, from seismic refraction profiles. Seismic reflection data in the western Barents Sea were further used for density modelling and subsequent density-to-velocity conversion. Velocities from these profiles were binned into two sedimentary and three crystalline crustal layers. The first step of the compilation comprised the layer-wise interpolation of the velocities and thicknesses. Within the different geological provinces of the study region, linear relationships between the thickness of the sedimentary rocks and the thickness of the remaining crystalline crust are observed. We therefore, used the separately compiled (area-wide) sediment thickness data to adjust the total crystalline crustal thickness according to the total sedimentary thickness where no constraints from 1-D velocity profiles existed. The BARENTS50 model is based on an equidistant hexagonal grid with a node spacing of 50 km. The P-wave velocity model was used for gravity modelling to obtain 3-D density structure. A better fit to the observed gravity was achieved using a grid search algorithm which focussed on the density contrast of the sediment-basement interface. An improvement compared to older geophysical models is the high resolution of 50 km. Velocity transects through the 3-D model illustrate geological features of the European Arctic. The possible petrology of the crystalline basement in western and eastern Barents Sea is discussed on the basis of the observed seismic velocity structure. The BARENTS50 model is available at http://www.norsar.no/seismology/barents3d/.

","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03337.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Ritzmann, O., Maercklin, N., Inge, F.J., Bungum, H., Mooney, W.D., and Detweiler, S.T., 2007, A three-dimensional geophysical model of the crust in the Barents Sea region: Model construction and basement characterization: Geophysical Journal International, v. 170, no. 1, p. 417-435, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03337.x.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"417","endPage":"435","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477049,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2007.03337.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":239005,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 12.872382692554282,\n 78.71895422341294\n ],\n [\n 12.872382692554282,\n 67.30598227239312\n ],\n [\n 61.32497045420811,\n 67.30598227239312\n ],\n [\n 61.32497045420811,\n 78.71895422341294\n ],\n [\n 12.872382692554282,\n 78.71895422341294\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"170","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e5fde4b0c8380cd470a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ritzmann, O.","contributorId":48386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ritzmann","given":"O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maercklin, N.","contributorId":81302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maercklin","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Inge, Faleide J.","contributorId":58839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Inge","given":"Faleide","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bungum, H.","contributorId":94095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bungum","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mooney, Walter D. 0000-0002-5310-3631 mooney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-3631","contributorId":3194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooney","given":"Walter","email":"mooney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":429660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Detweiler, Shane T. 0000-0001-5699-011X shane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5699-011X","contributorId":680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Detweiler","given":"Shane","email":"shane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":429658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ]}