Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to cause significant hospitalizations and deaths in the United States. Its continued burden and the impact of annually reformulated vaccines remain unclear. Here, we present projections of COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths in the United States for the next 2 years under 2 plausible assumptions about immune escape (20% per year and 50% per year) and 3 possible CDC recommendations for the use of annually reformulated vaccines (no recommendation, vaccination for those aged 65 years and over, vaccination for all eligible age groups based on FDA approval).
The COVID-19 Scenario Modeling Hub solicited projections of COVID-19 hospitalization and deaths between April 15, 2023 and April 15, 2025 under 6 scenarios representing the intersection of considered levels of immune escape and vaccination. Annually reformulated vaccines are assumed to be 65% effective against symptomatic infection with strains circulating on June 15 of each year and to become available on September 1. Age- and state-specific coverage in recommended groups was assumed to match that seen for the first (fall 2021) COVID-19 booster. State and national projections from 8 modeling teams were ensembled to produce projections for each scenario and expected reductions in disease outcomes due to vaccination over the projection period.
From April 15, 2023 to April 15, 2025, COVID-19 is projected to cause annual epidemics peaking November to January. In the most pessimistic scenario (high immune escape, no vaccination recommendation), we project 2.1 million (90% projection interval (PI) [1,438,000, 4,270,000]) hospitalizations and 209,000 (90% PI [139,000, 461,000]) deaths, exceeding pre-pandemic mortality of influenza and pneumonia. In high immune escape scenarios, vaccination of those aged 65+ results in 230,000 (95% confidence interval (CI) [104,000, 355,000]) fewer hospitalizations and 33,000 (95% CI [12,000, 54,000]) fewer deaths, while vaccination of all eligible individuals results in 431,000 (95% CI: 264,000–598,000) fewer hospitalizations and 49,000 (95% CI [29,000, 69,000]) fewer deaths.
COVID-19 is projected to be a significant public health threat over the coming 2 years. Broad vaccination has the potential to substantially reduce the burden of this disease, saving tens of thousands of lives each year.
Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) can thrive under environmental conditions that are stressful for vascular plants such as high temperatures and/or extremely low moisture availability. In these settings, and in the absence of disturbance, cover of biocrusts commonly exceeds cover of vascular plants. Arid landscapes are also typically slow to recover from disturbance and prone to altered vegetation and invasion by exotic species. In the sagebrush ecosystems, cover of annual, exotic, invasive grasses are lower where cover of biocrusts and vascular plants are greater, suggesting that biocrusts play a role in helping arid sites avoid conversion to dominance by invasive grasses. The conceptual framework for assessing ecological resistance and resilience (R&R) is used across the region to estimate the risk of invasion by annual grasses and the likelihood of recovery of native plants following disturbance. However, this framework does not currently account for biocrusts. We used data collected by the Bureau of Land Management Assessment, Inventory, and Monitoring program to relate biocrusts, specifically the presence of lichens and mosses, to the R&R framework. Lichens frequently occur on warm, dry sites, classified as lower R&R. Mosses frequently occur on sites classified as moderate or moderately low R&R. Without management practices that favor biocrusts in low-moderate R&R, these areas may be more vulnerable to transitioning from being dominated by shrubs to annual grasses. Under climate change scenarios, the area occupied by lower R&R sites is likely to increase, suggesting that the role of biocrusts in maintaining site resistance to invasion may also increase.
Nutrient (nitrogen [N] and phosphorus [P] chemistry) downgradient from onsite wastewater treatment system (OWTS) was evaluated with a groundwater study in the area surrounding Elizabeth Lake, the largest of three sag lakes within the Santa Clara River watershed of Los Angeles County, California.
Elizabeth Lake is listed on the “303 (d) Impaired Waters List” for excess nutrients and is downgradient from more than 600 OWTS. The primary objective of this study was to develop a conceptual hydrogeological model to determine if discharge from OWTS is transported into shallow groundwater within the Elizabeth Lake subwatershed and contributes nutrients to Elizabeth Lake in excess of the total maximum daily load limit. An analysis of historical data and data collected for this study provided estimates of aquifer properties, such as hydraulic gradients and other parameters necessary to estimate boundary conditions. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) surveys were done to determine the best monitoring well locations and to estimate depth to groundwater. During 4 separate sampling events, 11 wells, 2 imported water tanks, 1 spring (sampled on March 17, 2019), and Elizabeth Lake were sampled, which occurred during February–September 2020.
ERT transects and borehole geophysical measurements indicated that there were low to high resistivity materials in the subsurface and potential perched fresh water. Most of the aquifer material was characterized as sandy silt, occasionally with mixed clays and medium gravels, and was estimated to have a hydraulic conductivity from 3.28x10−3 to 16.4 feet per day, a porosity from 0.34 to 0.42, and a hydraulic gradient from 0.01 to 0.03. Although bedrock was not obvious in ERT transects, all well depths were terminated at depths of an impassible confining layer observed to be a highly consolidated blue-gray clay. Depths to granitic bedrock, based on road outcrops and lithologic driller logs, varied throughout the study area. Depth to the bedrock was estimated to be shallow on the north side of Elizabeth Lake at approximately 30 feet below land surface (ft bls). Depth to bedrock is at 50 ft bls toward the east of the Elizabeth Lake subwatershed, which is at topographic ground surface to the north and south of the residential development. Groundwater levels ranged from approximately 0 to 12 ft bls during this study. Historical water levels ranged from 8 to 16 ft bls in the lower elevation of the study area and increased to depths of as much as 80 ft bls at higher elevations on the north and south boundaries of the Elizabeth Lake subwatershed.
Water-quality samples were analyzed for major ions, nutrients, dissolved organic carbon, stable isotopes, and age-dating tracers. A principal component analysis was completed to determine organic matter sources. The proportion of recharge from imported waters, used for domestic consumption, was calculated using stable water isotopes, deuterium (δD) and oxygen (δ18O). Recharge from imported waters accounted for approximately 15–71 percent of the total recharge to groundwater within the study area. Total nitrogen concentrations ranged from 0.17 to 30.9 milligrams per liter (mg/L) as N, and phosphorus, measured in the soluble form as orthophosphate, ranged from 0.03 to 0.35 mg/L as P. Nitrate concentrations in groundwater samples ranged from less than the detection limit (0.01 mg/L as N) to approximately 24 mg/L as N. Nitrate was not detected in 3 of the 12 sites sampled during the study (2 wells and Elizabeth Lake). Dissolved organic carbon concentrations ranged from 0.4 to 27 mg/L in groundwater and from 9.9 to 100 mg/L in Elizabeth Lake. Ammonium and orthophosphate concentrations generally were low in groundwater. However, elevated concentrations of ammonium in Elizabeth Lake were assumed to be due to avian waste products or biological nitrogen fixation. Groundwater ages were mostly modern (recharged since 1952), with a median recharge temperature of 13 degrees Celsius.
Redox conditions in groundwater indicated the likely occurrence of nitrate attenuation by denitrification downgradient from the wells to the south of Elizabeth Lake before groundwater discharges to the lake. Undetectable nitrate in Elizabeth Lake at the time of sampling was likely due to algal uptake. Most wells contained stable isotopes of nitrogen and oxygen in nitrate (δ15N-NO3 and δ18O-NO3) molecules with values consistent with denitrification. However, one monitoring well on the north of Elizabeth Lake (ELLA-8) had no evidence of denitrification, based on elevated concentrations of nitrate and a sufficient amount of dissolved oxygen such that the water was oxic and not favorable for the denitrification reaction. Consequently, this nitrate could be delivered to Elizabeth Lake through groundwater discharge if nitrate is not removed from the system by denitrifying bacteria downgradient from the well before the groundwater discharges into Elizabeth Lake. The principal component analysis demonstrated that dissolved organic matter optical properties track different sources of dissolved organic matter from decayed plants, animals, and animal-derived wastes. Two wells contained strong indicators of OWTS water presence, although geochemical evidence indicated other wells may also be affected by OWTS discharge.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20245012","collaboration":"Water Resources Mission Area—National Water Quality ProgramDirector,
California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, California 95819
As a globally widespread apex predator, humans have unprecedented lethal and non-lethal effects on prey populations and ecosystems. Yet compared to non-human predators, little is known about the movement ecology of human hunters, including how hunting behavior interacts with the environment.
We characterized the hunting modes, habitat selection, and harvest success of 483 rifle hunters in California using high-resolution GPS data. We used Hidden Markov Models to characterize fine-scale movement behavior, and k-means clustering to group hunters by hunting mode, on the basis of their time spent in each behavioral state. Finally, we used Resource Selection Functions to quantify patterns of habitat selection for successful and unsuccessful hunters of each hunting mode.
Hunters exhibited three distinct and successful hunting modes (“coursing”, “stalking”, and “sit-and-wait”), with coursings as the most successful strategy. Across hunting modes, there was variation in patterns of selection for roads, topography, and habitat cover, with differences in habitat use of successful and unsuccessful hunters across modes.
Our study indicates that hunters can successfully employ a diversity of harvest strategies, and that hunting success is mediated by the interacting effects of hunting mode and landscape features. Such results highlight the breadth of human hunting modes, even within a single hunting technique, and lend insight into the varied ways that humans exert predation pressure on wildlife.
Uncontrolled stormwater runoff volume is a legacy stressor on sewer-system capacity that is further compromised by the effects of aging infrastructure. Green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) has been used in a variety of designs and configurations (for example, bioretention) with the goal of increasing evapotranspiration and infiltration in the local water cycle. In practice, GSIs have variable effectiveness in reducing runoff volume.
An urban residential site near Detroit, Michigan, called RecoveryPark was monitored for 8 years before and after GSI construction to evaluate how effectively the GSI reduced volumes of stormwater flowing to Detroit’s Water Resource Recovery Facility through combined sewer systems. In addition to the GSI, the study site included an urban farm where salad crops were grown in hoop houses. The monitoring approach was to characterize the urban water cycle through high-frequency measurements of inflows and outflows. Datasets included meteorological data, soils and sediment characteristics, groundwater levels, flows within the combined sewer system, and soils and water chemistry with specific focus on the disposition of road salt.
Although land cover within the RecoveryPark sewershed was high-density residential in the 1950s, the sewershed included only one residence within the 8.74-acre sewershed during this study. Measurements of annual precipitation at the site exceeded long-term annual averages by more than 10 inches during 3 of the 8 years of study. Potential evapotranspiration was often greater than the measured precipitation that averaged 28–34 inches per year. As compared to underlying clay-rich sediments, soils data indicated relatively permeable sediments near land surface with estimated hydraulic conductivity of 0.75 inches per hour; however, these values decreased with increasing depth. Groundwater-level data revealed increases in groundwater storage as indicated by increases in seasonal groundwater levels and development of a groundwater mound adjacent to the GSI. These increases in groundwater levels were directly adjacent to swales designed to infiltrate stormwater and only became evident after installing the GSI.
Flows within the combined sewer system included rainwater, septic effluent, groundwater infiltration, leakage from water-supply lines, and release of water stored in abandoned foundations. Dry-weather flows (no rain fell within the prior 3 days) averaged 7–10 gallons per minute, which were much greater than flows estimated by septic outflow alone. A set of estimated water budgets were compiled, and results showed large discrepancies in unaccounted flows. To further examine these discrepancies, dye-tracing within the combined sewer system helped examine the sources of water by relating flow volumes to drainage area. For one of the monitoring sites within the combined sewer system along the southeast side of the study area, flows estimated by dye concentrations were more than 10 percent greater than those measured by standard methods. Through peak-flow-regression analysis, a minimum of 2.4 million gallons of water per year were infiltrated or lost to evapotranspiration because of GSI construction. After site modifications were made by excavating gravel drains to improve drainage characteristics, estimated stormwater volumes within the combined sewer system returned to near preconstruction levels. The GSI was effectively bypassed to address slow infiltration rates and standing water; the bypass all but eliminated the potential benefits of volume reduction.
Late in the project, a water-quality study was added to examine the transport of road salt and associated chloride within the GSI and the combined sewer system. Continuous specific conductance was used as a surrogate for chloride concentrations to estimate that 2,790 pounds of dissolved chloride passed through the sewershed during the winter months of late 2020 through early 2021. These data were collected after GSI modification, therefore most, if not all, of the chloride was transported directly to Detroit’s Water Resource Recovery Facility via the combined sewer system. Mixing diagrams using chloride and bromide concentrations of road salt, potable water, rainwater, groundwater, and water from the combined sewer system confirmed that water within the combined sewer system is a mix of these sources. The poor condition of the combined sewer system pipes and resulting unaccounted inflows added to the challenge of accurately monitoring and identifying sources and sinks of water within the RecoveryPark sewershed.
Our research results suggest that—along with clear and quantifiable objectives—the catchment and site conditions should be well-characterized before determining the GSI design. In addition, the work presented in this report provides implications and lessons learned for effectiveness and future studies of GSI in urban settings. These efforts can be improved through increased communication between stakeholders, use of high-quality soils in GSI that have suitable hydraulic characteristics, redundant data-collection networks for critical data streams, and focusing meteorological-data collection within the GSI to obtain relevant evapotranspiration data.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20245018","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with United States Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Haefner, R.J., Hoard, C.J., and Shuster, W., 2024, Hydrologic study of green infrastructure in poorly drained urbanized soils at RecoveryPark, Detroit, Michigan, 2014–21: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2024–5018, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20245018.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 29 p.; Dataset; 2 Data Releases","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-154558","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499447,"rank":9,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_116361.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":427762,"rank":7,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P96GBEXW","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Select pipe-flow monitoring data from RecoveryPark in Detroit, MI (2015–2016)"},{"id":427761,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9FP21N9","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Select pipe-flow monitoring data from RecoveryPark in Detroit, MI (2015–2021)"},{"id":427759,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5018/images/"},{"id":427758,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5018/sir20245018.XML"},{"id":427757,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5018/sir20245018.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2024–5018"},{"id":427756,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5018/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":427763,"rank":8,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS National Water Information System database","linkHelpText":"—USGS water data for the Nation"},{"id":427760,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20245018/full"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","city":"Detroit","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.0495294507557,\n 42.37379642239543\n ],\n [\n -83.0495294507557,\n 42.36384762590089\n ],\n [\n -83.0332708011147,\n 42.36384762590089\n ],\n [\n -83.0332708011147,\n 42.37379642239543\n ],\n [\n -83.0495294507557,\n 42.37379642239543\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Upper Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1992 Folwell Avenue
St. Paul, MN 55108
This report characterizes changes in peak streamflow in Missouri and the relation of these changes to climatic variability, and provides a foundation for future studies that can address nonstationarity in peak-streamflow frequency analysis in Missouri. Records of annual peak and daily streamflow at streamgages and gridded monthly climatic data (observed and modeled) were examined across four trend periods (100 years, water years 1921–2020; 75 years, 1946–2020; 50 years, 1971–2020; and 30 years, 1991–2020) for trends, change points (abrupt changes in the streamflow time series), and other statistical properties indicative of changing conditions. Peak streamflow magnitudes generally exhibit upward trends across the State for the 100-, 75-, and 50-year trend periods and only in southern Missouri for the 30-year trend period. The medians of the trend magnitudes (normalized by median peak streamflow) range from a 10-percent increase during the 30-year trend period to a 40-percent increase during the 100-year trend period. Changes in the 90-percent quantile of peak streamflow, which correspond to the 10-percent exceedance probability often used for the design of drainage structures, are not as substantial or widespread, showing consistent increases mainly in the southern part of the State in the 50- and 30-year trend periods. Streamgages with trends in peak streamflow often also have change points, or abrupt changes, in streamflow magnitude. Change points in peak streamflows generally follow that of the peak streamflow trends, with upward change points throughout most of the State at the 100- and 75-year trend periods and in southern Missouri at the 30-year trend period. Temporally, clusters upward of change points are observed in the 1970s through 1980s for the 100-, 75-, and 50-year trend periods and around 2006 and 2007 for the 50- and 30-year trend periods.
A peaks-over-threshold analysis, which evaluates changes in the frequency of peak streamflows over a certain threshold, indicates that high flows have increased in frequency at 50 to 64 percent of streamgages in the 100- and 75-year trend periods. Most streamgages in the 50- and 30-year trend periods exhibit no change. Although the frequency of high flows has increased at some streamgages and trend periods in Missouri, these increases are not as widespread as the increases in the magnitude of peak streamflow.
Upward trends in observed temperature and observed annual precipitation dominate in all trend periods, with no downward trends in precipitation and only two somewhat likely downward trends in temperature for the 100-year trend period. Increases in annual precipitation mostly are limited to southern Missouri for the 30-year trend period. The proportion of precipitation falling as snow has largely decreased in the study basins across the State, which is expected in response to increasing temperature. Upward trends in modeled annual runoff, which in this study incorporates only the effects of climatic variation, are observed in the same geographic areas where there are increases in observed annual precipitation. When peak streamflow and climatic trends are considered together, widespread upward trends in peak streamflows for the 100-, 75-, and 50-year trend periods and for the 30-year trend period mainly in southern Missouri (encompassing both trends and abrupt change) appear to be driven largely by increases in precipitation based on spatial patterns and statistical relations.
The prevalence of nonstationarity in peak streamflow in Missouri has important implications for peak-flow frequency analysis. Winter and spring precipitation and the occurrence of extreme precipitation events are expected to increase across the State. If precipitation continues to increase as expected, peak-flow frequency estimates based on older records may no longer represent the hydrologic regime of today, and methods for nonstationary peak-flow frequency analysis may be needed.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20235064F","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Illinois Department of Transportation, Iowa Department of Transportation, Michigan Department of Transportation, Minnesota Department of Transportation, Missouri Department of Transportation, Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation, North Dakota Department of Water Resources, South Dakota Department of Transportation, and Wisconsin Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Marti, M.K., and Heimann, D.C., 2024, Peak streamflow trends in Missouri and their relation to changes in climate, water years 1921–2020, chap. F of Ryberg, K.R., comp., Peak streamflow trends and their relation to changes in climate in Illinois, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2023–5064, 50 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235064F.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 50 p.; Dataset; Data Release","numberOfPages":"64","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-148298","costCenters":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":427713,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20235064F/full"},{"id":499377,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_116360.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":427715,"rank":7,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9R71WWZ","text":"USGS data 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\"}}]}","contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1400 Independence Road
Rolla, MO 65401
New World mabuyine skinks are a diverse radiation of morphologically cryptic lizards with unique reproductive biologies. Recent studies examining population-level data (morphological, ecological, and genomic) have uncovered novel biodiversity and phenotypes, including the description of dozens of new species and insights into the evolution of their highly complex placental structures. Beyond the potential for this diverse group to serve as a model for the evolution of viviparity in lizards, much of the taxonomic diversity is concentrated in regions experiencing increasing environmental instability from climate and anthropogenic change. Consequently, a better understanding of genome structure and diversity will be an important tool in the adaptive management and conservation of this group. Skinks endemic to Caribbean islands are particularly vulnerable to global change with several species already considered likely extinct and several remaining species either endangered or threatened. Combining PacBio long-read sequencing, Hi-C, and RNAseq data, here we present the first genomic resources for this group by describing new chromosome-level reference genomes for the Puerto Rican Skink Spondylurus nitidus and the Culebra Skink S. culebrae. Results indicate two high quality genomes, both ∼1.4 Gb, assembled nearly telomere to telomere with complete mitochondrion assembly and annotation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/gbe/evae079","usgsCitation":"Rivera, D., Henderson, J.B., Lam, A.W., Hostetter, N.J., Collazo, J.A., and Bell, R.C., 2024, High-quality, chromosome-level reference genomes of the viviparous Caribbean skinks Spondylurus nitidus and S. culebrae: Genome Biology and Evolution, v. 16, no. 5, evae079, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evae079.","productDescription":"evae079, 7 p.","ipdsId":"IP-163789","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":439837,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evae079","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":433073,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rivera, Danielle","contributorId":341265,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rivera","given":"Danielle","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henderson, James B.","contributorId":341266,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henderson","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12937,"text":"California Academy of Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lam, Athena W.","contributorId":341267,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lam","given":"Athena","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12937,"text":"California Academy of Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hostetter, Nathan J. 0000-0001-6075-2157 nhostetter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6075-2157","contributorId":198843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostetter","given":"Nathan","email":"nhostetter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":908165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Collazo, Jaime A. 0000-0002-1816-7744","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1816-7744","contributorId":217287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collazo","given":"Jaime","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":908166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bell, Rayna C.","contributorId":341268,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bell","given":"Rayna","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":12937,"text":"California Academy of Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70253185,"text":"70253185 - 2024 - Multi-scale effects of behavioral movement deterrents on invasive carp metapopulations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-20T15:33:59.44047","indexId":"70253185","displayToPublicDate":"2024-04-15T09:39:48","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1018,"text":"Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multi-scale effects of behavioral movement deterrents on invasive carp metapopulations","docAbstract":"Behavioral deterrents of among-pool movement represent a promising tool for controlling invasive fish populations. To date, much of the research in this area has been focused on the direct effectiveness of different methods of deterrence. However, the effect of these structures on populations in spatially complex habitats is unknown. We combine a metacommunity model with movement data of two invasive species (bighead carp and silver carp) in a large river to assess local and river-wide scale population outcomes of deterrent locations. We calculated (1) which potential deterrent locations are most effective at reducing the growth at the invasion front (2) the river-scale population effects at each location, and (3) what, if any, are the risks imposed by altering the current spatial dynamics. We found that the effects on the population dynamics at the invasion front varied with the location of deterrents, ranging from near zero to effects equal to the reduction in an individual’s movement across the deterrent. The river-scale population growth rate was slightly increased by all potential deterrent placements because the deterrents tended to concentrate more of the river-scale population into pools with the highest recruitment rates. The short-term, transient dynamics followed a strictly decreasing pattern after deterrent placement suggesting no additional short-term risk. These results suggest that deterrents can be an effective and low-risk intervention for the control of invasive carp, although the population level effect will depend on the interaction of the traits and behavior of the species with the physical character and spatial structure of the habitat.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10530-024-03264-y","usgsCitation":"Schoolmaster, D.R., Cupp, A.R., Coulter, A.A., and Erickson, R.A., 2024, Multi-scale effects of behavioral movement deterrents on invasive carp metapopulations: Biological Invasions, v. 26, p. 1957-1968, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-024-03264-y.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1957","endPage":"1968","ipdsId":"IP-153898","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":439841,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-024-03264-y","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":428070,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","otherGeospatial":"Illinois River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.44396631159604,\n 38.97859098451531\n ],\n [\n -90.50584005243351,\n 39.47664301354831\n ],\n [\n -90.45601361764062,\n 39.93556348922536\n ],\n [\n -89.57587065029665,\n 40.56405598106011\n ],\n [\n -89.42460876058917,\n 40.84678108964957\n ],\n [\n -89.24758626552949,\n 41.14254244385123\n ],\n [\n -89.26822098569241,\n 41.28347296384919\n ],\n [\n -88.79044078379243,\n 41.27959285231836\n ],\n [\n -88.13557238918843,\n 41.353175412020306\n ],\n [\n -87.93444927991843,\n 41.56444375028934\n ],\n [\n -87.5821359108771,\n 41.824946761859024\n ],\n [\n -87.6336995179597,\n 41.9247724140896\n ],\n [\n -88.13725499356885,\n 41.65565682607024\n ],\n [\n -88.68223686543755,\n 41.39696913619841\n ],\n [\n -89.43138913096519,\n 41.36994769606008\n ],\n [\n -89.819756558224,\n 40.656782142381616\n ],\n [\n -90.26663167316853,\n 40.29467439404223\n ],\n [\n -90.67058104178773,\n 39.93844653640866\n ],\n [\n -90.76683294120748,\n 39.70745698602491\n ],\n [\n -90.67057131228138,\n 39.51147408789487\n ],\n [\n -90.60009208093823,\n 38.89760261018182\n ],\n [\n -90.51411400700547,\n 38.92035813763263\n ],\n [\n -90.44396631159604,\n 38.97859098451531\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"26","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoolmaster, Donald R. Jr. 0000-0003-0910-4458 schoolmasterd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0910-4458","contributorId":4746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoolmaster","given":"Donald","suffix":"Jr.","email":"schoolmasterd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":899426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cupp, Aaron R. 0000-0001-5995-2100 acupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5995-2100","contributorId":5162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cupp","given":"Aaron","email":"acupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":899427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coulter, Alison A.","contributorId":187652,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coulter","given":"Alison","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":899428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Erickson, Richard A. 0000-0003-4649-482X rerickson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4649-482X","contributorId":5455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"Richard","email":"rerickson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":899429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70252799,"text":"70252799 - 2024 - Paleoenvironmental and paleoecological dynamics of the U.S. Atlantic Coastal Plain prior to and during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-11T15:03:06.655831","indexId":"70252799","displayToPublicDate":"2024-04-15T09:22:51","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2294,"text":"Journal of Foraminiferal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleoenvironmental and paleoecological dynamics of the U.S. Atlantic Coastal Plain prior to and during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum","docAbstract":"We studied the rapid paleo-environmental changes and the corresponding biotic responses of benthic foraminifera of a shallow shelf site during the late Paleocene and the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). The PETM is globally characterized by a negative δ13C excursion in marine and terrestrial sediments. Isotope data from the Atlantic Coastal Plain from the South Dover Bridge core, Maryland, show an additional small δ13C excursion just below the base of the PETM: the “pre-onset excursion” (POE). The benthic foraminiferal and coupled grain-size record of the late Paleocene indicates a well-oxygenated, current-dominated environment with a stable, high food supply. During the POE, bottom currents become subdued and finer-grained sediment accumulation increased. These changes are partially reversed after the end of the POE. Before the PETM the river influence increases again, food supply becomes more pulsed and the benthic taxa, typically connected to the PETM, start to appear in those gradually warming conditions. During the PETM, the environment shifts to a river-dominated one, with strongly reduced currents. The low-diversity PETM fauna thrives under episodic low-oxygen conditions, caused by river-induced stratification, while the Paleocene assemblage nearly vanishes from the record. Gradually the environment begins to recover, the grain size shows an uptick in bottom currents and pre-PETM foraminifera become more abundant again, indicating increased oxygen levels and a more stable food supply. While the overall environmental shifts at South Dover Bridge fit within the observations across the shelf, the POE related insights are so far unique. Our bathymetric reconstructions show an outer neritic paleodepth (∼100 m) during the Paleocene, with a modest sea level rise in the core phase of the PETM, which is subsequently reversed during the recovery phase.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research","doi":"10.61551/gsjfr.54.2.143","usgsCitation":"Doubrawa, M., Stassen, P., Robinson, M., and Speijer, R.P., 2024, Paleoenvironmental and paleoecological dynamics of the U.S. Atlantic Coastal Plain prior to and during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum: Journal of Foraminiferal Research, v. 54, no. 2, p. 143-171, https://doi.org/10.61551/gsjfr.54.2.143.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"171","ipdsId":"IP-155467","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499942,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.61551/gsjfr.54.2.143","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":427906,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.10891649169822,\n 40.518453890233616\n ],\n [\n -75.28202910167113,\n 40.02601228395062\n ],\n [\n -75.82167515125391,\n 39.67169552894984\n ],\n [\n -76.80684613099872,\n 39.16603352302238\n ],\n [\n -78.31040700720477,\n 37.80300551616409\n ],\n [\n -78.75565773941389,\n 37.26456421852228\n ],\n [\n -75.34980892504812,\n 37.23631760218568\n ],\n [\n -73.94050523737675,\n 40.19846484676347\n ],\n [\n -74.10891649169822,\n 40.518453890233616\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"54","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doubrawa, Monika","contributorId":332061,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doubrawa","given":"Monika","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49038,"text":"KU Leuven","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stassen, Peter","contributorId":290269,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stassen","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49038,"text":"KU Leuven","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robinson, Marci M. 0000-0002-9200-4097","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9200-4097","contributorId":261664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Marci M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":898267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Speijer, Robert P.","contributorId":290266,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Speijer","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":49038,"text":"KU Leuven","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70253098,"text":"70253098 - 2024 - Remotely mapping gullying and incision in Maryland Piedmont headwater streams using repeat airborne lidar","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-19T12:23:43.348649","indexId":"70253098","displayToPublicDate":"2024-04-15T07:21:56","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Remotely mapping gullying and incision in Maryland Piedmont headwater streams using repeat airborne lidar","docAbstract":"Headwater streams can contribute significant amounts of fine sediment to downstream waterways, especially when severely eroded and incised. Potential upstream sediment source identification is crucial for effective management of water quality, aquatic habitat, and sediment loads in a watershed. This study explored topographic openness (TO) derived from 1-m lidar for its ability to predict incision in headwater streams and to remotely detect changes in incision over time. Field surveys were conducted in one forested and two recently urbanized headwater watersheds in the Maryland Piedmont physiographic province, USA to characterize the level of stream channel incision (none, moderate, or severe) in the main stem of each watershed. Predictions of the severity of stream channel incision derived from TO were compared against the field surveys. Channel incision was detected with an overall accuracy of 67 %, with best performance in reaches with either severe or no incision (79–86 % accuracy). The method was also applied to repeat lidar collected over the same area to model the extent of channel incision in 2002 before urban development began and in 2008 and 2013 during active construction in the urban watersheds. Results showed increasing incision over time in all three watersheds, with similar patterns in the forested and urban watersheds. This new method of remotely measuring channel incision can be used to identify potential sediment sources across a watershed, enhance water and habitat quality predictions, and detect changes over time where multiple years of overlapping lidar are available.
Groundwater-resource quality is assumed to be less responsive to drought compared to that of surface water due to relatively long transit times of recharge to drinking-supply wells. Here, we evidence dynamic perturbations in aquifer pressure dynamics during drought and subsequent recovery periods cause dramatic shifts in groundwater quality on a basin scale. We used a novel application of time-series clustering on annual nitrate anomalies at >450 public-supply wells (PSWs) across California's San Joaquin Valley during 2000–22 to group sub-populations of wells with similar water-quality responses to drought. Additionally, we statistically evaluated the direction and magnitude of multi-constituent water-quality changes across the San Joaquin Valley using a broader dataset of >3000 PSWs with data during two select hydrologic stress periods representing an extreme drought (2012–16) and subsequent recovery (2016–19). Results of time-series clustering and stress-period change analyses corroborate a predominant regional response to pumping stress characterized by increased concentrations of anthropogenic constituents (nitrate, total dissolved solids) and decreased concentrations of geogenic constituents (arsenic, fluoride), which largely reversed during recovery. Cluster analysis also identified a secondary, less commonly occurring group of PSWs where nitrate decreased during drought, but explanatory factor analysis was not able to discern hydrogeologic drivers for these two divergent response patterns. Long-term tracer data support the hypothesis that the predominant regional signal of nitrate increase during drought is caused by enhanced capture of modern-aged groundwater by PSWs during periods of pumping stress, which can drive rapid changes in water quality on seasonal and multiannual timescales. Pumping-induced migration of modern, oxic groundwater to depth during drought may affect geochemical conditions in deeper portions of regional aquifers controlling the mobility of geogenic contaminants over the long term.
Fluvial strata of the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation and Dockum Group, exposed across the Western Interior of North America, have long been interpreted to record a transcontinental river system that connected the ancestral Ouachita orogen of Texas and Oklahoma, USA, to the Auld Lang Syne basin of northwestern Nevada, USA, its inferred marine terminus. Fluvial strata are well-characterized by existing detrital zircon data, but the provenance of the Auld Lang Syne basin is poorly constrained. We present new detrital zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopic data that characterize the provenance of Norian siliciclastic strata that dominate the Auld Lang Syne basin. Mixture modeling of Auld Lang Syne basin data identifies the Alleghany−Ouachita−Marathon belt of eastern Laurentia as a dominant source of sediment, but the presence of Triassic detrital zircon grains in Auld Lang Syne basin strata indicates that at least one peri-Laurentian arc segment had to have also contributed sediment. A comparison of new Hf isotopic data with those characterizing various peri-Laurentian volcanic arcs demonstrates that although multiple arc segments may have simultaneously contributed zircons to the Auld Lang Syne basin, the west Pangean arc of northern Mexico stands out as a unique source of highly evolved Permian to Triassic detrital zircon grains in samples from the Auld Lang Syne basin. Altogether, our data and analyses demonstrate source-to-sink connectivity between the Late Triassic (Norian) Cordilleran margin and remnant late Paleozoic highlands of southern to eastern Laurentia, which ultimately framed a Mississippi River−scale, transcontinental watershed that traversed the topographically subdued Laurentian continental interior.
We examined Holocene benthic foraminiferal biofacies, % planktonic foraminifera, and lithofacies changes from New England mud patch cores and present a relative sea-level (RSL) record to evaluate evolution of these rapidly deposited (30–79 cm/kyr) muds. Sandy lower Holocene sections are dominated by Bulimina marginata. The mud patch developed from 11–9 ka as RSL rise slowed from 10 to 7 mm/yr; mud deposition began when the cores (69 to 91 m modern) were inundated below storm wave base. An Elphidium-B. marginata fauna developed at ca. 7–6 ka as RSL rise slowed from approximately 7 to 2 mm/yr. A Globobulimina fauna developed at 3 ka as RSL rise slowed to 1 mm/yr, reflecting lower O2 conditions. Single specimen δ18O analyses of Globobulimina show ∼1‰ variations over the past 3 kyr, reflecting a shelf bottom water seasonal cycle of 4–5°C, and a temperature minimum during the Little Ice Age with warming since.
We integrate the existing detrital zircon data from multiple modern river sediment samples on Viti Levu, Fiji, with the most current available geological and topographic mapping of the respective river drainage basins to compare detrital populations with potential bedrock sources. The temporal and spatial variations in zircon geochemistry supplement what is known from igneous rocks and confirm the petrological differences between plutonic and volcanic rocks from the Eocene to early Oligocene (Yavuna age, >30 Ma), middle Oligocene to middle Miocene (Wainimala age, 30–12.5 Ma), late Miocene (Colo age, 12.5–6.5 Ma) and latest Miocene (Namosi age, 6.5–5 Ma). The >30 Ma Yavuna-age zircons are restricted to areas that drain the previously mapped Yavuna Group. The 30–12.5 Ma zircons are found across central Viti Levu from west to east, and the 30–15 Ma zircons have distinctively low U/Yb and high Dy/Yb ratios. They are the best radiometric evidence of widespread early to middle Miocene arc magmatism in Fiji that was relatively U-poor. Peak deconvolution of the Colo age zircons from individual basins suggests the following ages for undated or poorly dated plutons from central Viti Levu. The large Mavuvu pluton is probably composed of multiple intrusions in the 12–10 Ma range, the Waiqa pluton is probably ca 10 Ma, and the Noikoro pluton is probably ca 9 Ma. There are zircons from unknown plutonic or volcanic sources between 8 and 7 Ma in western Viti Levu that have distinct Eu/Eu* ratios. We attribute the highest U/Yb ratios in some Colo age zircons to crustal anatexis. Namosi-age zircons are abundant in the Medrausucu Group and can be found scattered across Viti Levu.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/08120099.2024.2332916","usgsCitation":"Stork, A., Gill, J.B., Todd, E., and Drewes-Todd, E.K., 2024, Detrital zircons and the magmatic history of Viti Levu, Fiji: Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 71, no. 4, p. 600-614, https://doi.org/10.1080/08120099.2024.2332916.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"600","endPage":"614","ipdsId":"IP-158927","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":462590,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Fiji","otherGeospatial":"Viti Levu","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 177.43906669533374,\n -17.500913430772442\n ],\n [\n 177.19873064880753,\n -17.88906860947432\n ],\n [\n 177.260818220212,\n -18.13326652784113\n ],\n [\n 178.16732836567263,\n -18.29999120264695\n ],\n [\n 178.69067436768728,\n -18.16406457548949\n ],\n [\n 178.60696342416523,\n -17.611114359471088\n ],\n [\n 178.46384444475365,\n -17.49057290416684\n ],\n [\n 178.2912423489197,\n -17.285531380045587\n ],\n [\n 177.91342986027942,\n -17.297020685568988\n ],\n [\n 177.43906669533374,\n -17.500913430772442\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"71","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-04-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stork, Allen","contributorId":292914,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stork","given":"Allen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":63071,"text":"Department of Geology, Western Colorado University, Gunnison CO, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gill, James B 0000-0003-2584-9687","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2584-9687","contributorId":248602,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gill","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"B","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Todd, Erin 0000-0002-4871-9730 etodd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4871-9730","contributorId":202811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Todd","given":"Erin","email":"etodd@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":915048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Drewes-Todd, Elizabeth Kathleen 0000-0003-0692-3714","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0692-3714","contributorId":243351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drewes-Todd","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"Kathleen","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":915049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70256590,"text":"70256590 - 2024 - Passive acoustic monitoring and convolutional neural networks facilitate high-resolution and broadscale monitoring of a threatened species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-22T16:58:33.688064","indexId":"70256590","displayToPublicDate":"2024-04-13T11:52:26","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Passive acoustic monitoring and convolutional neural networks facilitate high-resolution and broadscale monitoring of a threatened species","docAbstract":"Population monitoring is an essential component of biodiversity conservation and management, but low detection probabilities for rare and/or cryptic species makes estimating abundance and occupancy challenging. Passive acoustic monitoring combined with machine learning algorithms represents a potential path forward to effectively and efficiently monitor the occurrence of rare vocalizing species across entire forest landscapes. Our objectives were to develop and implement a convolutional neural network (PNW-Cnet) to identify vocalizations of a rare and threatened forest nesting bird species – the marbled murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus) – in the Pacific Northwest, U.S.A., 2018–2021. We used PNW-Cnet predictions from broadscale passive acoustic monitoring data to examine spatiotemporal patterns in the distribution of murrelets. PNW-Cnet showed sufficiently high prediction accuracy (overall precision > 0.9) to enable broadscale population monitoring. Spatiotemporal analysis showed that annual peak murrelet call abundance occurs in ordinal weeks 28–32 (late July–Mid August) but this varied by study area. The greatest number of detections typically occurred in the Olympic Peninsula and Oregon Coast Range where late-successional forest dominates and nearer to ocean habitats. We demonstrate that passive acoustic monitoring can be used to understand intensity of use across broad scales for a rare and cryptic species in addition to the typical detection/non-detection data that are often collected. Passive acoustic monitoring combined with PNW-Cnet offers considerable promise for species distribution modeling and long-term population monitoring for rare species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2024.112016","usgsCitation":"Duarte, A., Weldy, M.J., Lesmeister, D., Ruff, Z.J., Jenkins, J., Valente, J., and Betts, M., 2024, Passive acoustic monitoring and convolutional neural networks facilitate high-resolution and broadscale monitoring of a threatened species: Ecological Indicators, v. 162, 112016, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2024.112016.","productDescription":"112016, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-157789","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":439857,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2024.112016","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":433074,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Olympic Peninsula, Oregon Coast Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.82459538488385,\n 48.38115798530862\n ],\n [\n -124.82459538488385,\n 42.030390768092275\n ],\n [\n -121.12717084896894,\n 42.030390768092275\n ],\n [\n -121.12717084896894,\n 48.38115798530862\n ],\n [\n -124.82459538488385,\n 48.38115798530862\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"162","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duarte, Adam","contributorId":341270,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duarte","given":"Adam","affiliations":[{"id":39530,"text":"U.S.D.A. 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Hence, the discovery that Mimas’ rotation state is best explained by an internal ocean seems challenging to reconcile with its heavily cratered surface. Previous studies have shown that an internal ocean is compatible with Mimas’ geology as long as the ice shell has been thinning throughout the surface age. This scenario has yet to be placed into context within Mimas’ thermal-orbital history, in particular, the link between tidal dissipation and orbit circularization. Here, we model Mimas’ coupled thermal-orbital evolution, and the implications of an emerging ocean on Mimas’ geology, to determine whether a thinning ice shell is feasible. We find that the ice shell can thin – and the ocean grow – even as the eccentricity decays due to tidal dissipation as long as the ocean formed within the past 10 – 15 million years and the onset of melting occurred when Mimas’ eccentricity was between 2.5 and 3 times the present-day value. As Mimas’ eccentricity continues to decay, the ocean will likely enter an epoch of freezing, leading to fractures within the ice shell and eruptions of ocean material at the surface, before freezing completely. These results suggest that Mimas, Enceladus, and Tethys may represent three points along a continuum of ocean initiation, growth, and loss.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2024.118689","usgsCitation":"Rhoden, A.R., Walker, M.E., Rudolph, M.L., Bland, M.T., and Manga, M., 2024, The evolution of a young ocean within Mimas: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 635, 118689, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2024.118689.","productDescription":"118689, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-161206","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487531,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2024.118689","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":428361,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mimas","volume":"635","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rhoden, A. R.","contributorId":336143,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rhoden","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36712,"text":"Southwest Research Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walker, M. E.","contributorId":336144,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walker","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13179,"text":"Planetary Science Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rudolph, M. L.","contributorId":336146,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rudolph","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bland, Michael T. 0000-0001-5543-1519 mbland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5543-1519","contributorId":146287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bland","given":"Michael","email":"mbland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":900039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Manga, Michael 0000-0003-3286-4682","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3286-4682","contributorId":265640,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Manga","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6609,"text":"UC Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70252938,"text":"dr1191 - 2024 - National shoreline change—Summary statistics for vector shorelines from the early 1900s to the 2010s for Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-27T17:25:56.338453","indexId":"dr1191","displayToPublicDate":"2024-04-12T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9318,"text":"Data Report","code":"DR","onlineIssn":"2771-9448","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1191","displayTitle":"National Shoreline Change: Summary Statistics for Vector Shorelines from the Early 1900s to the 2010s for Puerto Rico","title":"National shoreline change—Summary statistics for vector shorelines from the early 1900s to the 2010s for Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) maintains a database of historical shoreline positions for the United States coasts derived from historical sources, such as aerial photographs or topographic surveys, and contemporary sources, such as modern orthophotography, light detection and ranging (lidar) point clouds, and digital elevation models. These shorelines are compiled within a geographic information system and analyzed in the USGS Digital Shoreline Analysis System (version 5.1) software to calculate rates of change. Keeping a record of historical shoreline positions is an effective method to monitor change over time, enabling scientists and resource managers to identify areas that are historically most susceptible to erosion or accretion.
The effort in this report represents an expansion of the USGS national-scale shoreline database to include Puerto Rico and the islands of the territory, Vieques and Culebra. The USGS, in cooperation with the Coastal Research and Planning Institute of Puerto Rico (part of the Graduate School of Planning at the University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus) has derived and compiled a database of historical shoreline positions for Puerto Rico from the early 1900s through 2018, with the goal of providing beneficial insight for coastal managers and communities vulnerable to coastal change.
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U.S. Geological Survey
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole, MA 02543
Drought-induced groundwater decline and warming associated with climate change are primary threats to dryland riparian woodlands. We used the extreme 2012–2019 drought in southern California as a natural experiment to assess how differences in water-use strategies and groundwater dependence may influence the drought susceptibility of dryland riparian tree species with overlapping distributions. We analyzed tree-ring stable carbon and oxygen isotopes collected from two cottonwood species (Populus trichocarpa and P. fremontii) along the semi-arid Santa Clara River. We also modeled tree source water δ18O composition to compare with observed source water δ18O within the floodplain to infer patterns of groundwater reliance. Our results suggest that both species functioned as facultative phreatophytes that used shallow soil moisture when available but ultimately relied on groundwater to maintain physiological function during drought. We also observed apparent species differences in water-use strategies and groundwater dependence related to their regional distributions. P. fremontii was constrained to more arid river segments and ostensibly used a greater proportion of groundwater to satisfy higher evaporative demand. P. fremontii maintained ∆13C at pre-drought levels up until the peak of the drought, when trees experienced a precipitous decline in ∆13C. This response pattern suggests that trees prioritized maintaining photosynthetic processes over hydraulic safety, until a critical point. In contrast, P. trichocarpa showed a more gradual and sustained reduction in ∆13C, indicating that drought conditions induced stomatal closure and higher water use efficiency. This strategy may confer drought avoidance for P. trichocarpa while increasing its susceptibility to anticipated climate warming.
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2024 - Management implications of habitat selection by whooping cranes (Grus americana) on the Texas coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-16T15:35:55.516243","indexId":"70252988","displayToPublicDate":"2024-04-12T10:35:26","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Management implications of habitat selection by whooping cranes (Grus americana) on the Texas coast","title":"Management implications of habitat selection by whooping cranes (Grus americana) on the Texas coast","docAbstract":"Effective habitat management for rare and endangered species requires a thorough understanding of their specific habitat requirements. Although machine learning models have been increasingly used in the analyses of habitat use by wildlife, the primary focus of these models has been on generating spatial predictions. In this study, we used machine learning models in combination with simulated management actions to guide planning and inform managers. We used data from 61 whooping cranes (Grus americana) tagged with GPS telemetry collars between 2009 and 2018 near Aransas National Wildlife Refuge in coastal Texas. We included variables based on topography, land use classification, vegetation height, plant phenology, drought, storm surge events, and both wild and prescribed fires. We then built models at multiple scales: population level, home range level, and roosting and daytime within home range level. We simulated responses to the two primary management actions used to enhance whooping crane habitat on Aransas National Wildlife Refuge: prescribed fire and removal of woody vegetation. At the population and home range scales, land use classification variables had the highest importance values, whereas the combined elevation and bathymetry layer was the most important predictor at both roosting and daytime within home range scales. Our findings revealed that the effects of fire, although generally modest, varied spatially. Areas dominated by estuarine wetlands exhibited higher predicted use within the first months after a fire, whereas those dominated by palustrine wetlands were more likely to be avoided in the immediate postfire years. Our simulation of vegetation removal identified the areas on Aransas National Wildlife Refuge where whooping cranes were predicted to benefit the most if vegetation were removed. These techniques can be used by other researchers wanting to examine and predict the effects of potential management actions on target species habitat.
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In support of the U.S. Geological Survey’s (USGS) 2023 update to the NSHM, we update the methods used to develop this background or gridded seismicity model component of the NSHM. As in 2018, we use a combination of fixed and adaptive kernel Gaussian smoothing. However, we implement two additional declustering methods to account for the fact that declustering is a nonunique process. These new declustering methods result in different forecasts for the locations of future seismicity, as represented by spatial probability density functions that are later combined with a rate model to produce a full gridded earthquake rate forecast. The method updates, particularly in the separation of the spatial and rate models as well as revised regional boundaries, in some places cause substantive changes to the seismic hazard forecast compared to the previous 2018 NSHM. Additional updates to catalog processing and induced seismicity zones also contribute to changes in the gridded seismicity hazard since 2018. However, these changes are well understood and reflect improvements in our modeling of gridded seismicity hazard.
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47.36\n ],\n [\n -122.5,\n 48.18\n ],\n [\n -122.84,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -117.03121,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -116.04818,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -110.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -107.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -104.04826,\n 48.99986\n ],\n [\n -100.65,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -97.22872,\n 49.0007\n ],\n [\n -95.15907,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -95.15609,\n 49.38425\n ],\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ]\n ]\n ]\n ]\n },\n \"properties\": {\n \"name\": \"United States\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"114","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Llenos, Andrea L. 0000-0002-4088-6737 allenos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4088-6737","contributorId":4455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Llenos","given":"Andrea","email":"allenos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":899436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Michael, Andrew J. 0000-0002-2403-5019 michael@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2403-5019","contributorId":1280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"Andrew","email":"michael@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":899437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shumway, Allison M. 0000-0003-1142-7141 ashumway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1142-7141","contributorId":147862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shumway","given":"Allison","email":"ashumway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":899438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rubinstein, Justin L. 0000-0003-1274-6785","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1274-6785","contributorId":215341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubinstein","given":"Justin","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":899439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haynie, Kirstie Lafon 0000-0001-9930-6736","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9930-6736","contributorId":289894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haynie","given":"Kirstie","email":"","middleInitial":"Lafon","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":899440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Moschetti, Morgan P. 0000-0001-7261-0295 mmoschetti@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7261-0295","contributorId":1662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moschetti","given":"Morgan","email":"mmoschetti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":899441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Altekruse, Jason M. 0000-0002-8798-9514","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8798-9514","contributorId":291308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Altekruse","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":899442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Milner, Kevin R.","contributorId":194141,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Milner","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":899443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70252976,"text":"70252976 - 2024 - Modeling the impacts of Glen Canyon Dam operations on Colorado River resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-15T11:45:27.891709","indexId":"70252976","displayToPublicDate":"2024-04-12T06:43:07","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Modeling the impacts of Glen Canyon Dam operations on Colorado River resources","docAbstract":"At the time of this report, the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) is writing two supplemental Environmental Impact Statements (sEIS ) and a new Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) that will analyze the effects of changing water flow out of Glen Canyon Dam (GCD) (U.S. Department of Interior, 2024). These actions have the potential to affect downstream resources, including threatened and endangered species, in the Grand Canyon. This report covers modeling support provided on the two sEIS by the USGS Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center (GCMRC; U.S. Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center). The first sEIS (Interim Guidelines sEIS) modifies Reclamation’s 2007 Colorado River Interim Guidelines for Lower Basin Shortages and Coordinated Operations for Lake Powell and Lake Mead (USBR, 2007) that determines annual water releases from GCD based on inflow to Lake Powell, the power generating requirements of GCD, and relative lake levels of Lake Powell and Lake Mead. Drought conditions have lowered the level of Lake Powell and may require GCD to release less water than was analyzed in the Interim EIS (7-million-acre feet/year). The effect of less water released, as well as lower lake levels and associated water quality concerns, on downstream resources was not analyzed in the 2007 Interim Guidelines EIS. Reclamation requested GCMRC support to provide models predicting the effects to resources of water releases lower than 7M acre feet/year, including models predicting effects to threatened and endangered species for use in a Biological Assessment.","language":"English","publisher":"Bureau of Reclamation","collaboration":"Bureau of Reclamation, Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program","usgsCitation":"Yackulic, C., Bair, L., Eppehimer, D.E., Salter, G.L., Deemer, B., Butterfield, B.J., Kasprak, A., Caster, J., Fairley, H.C., Grams, P.E., Mihalevich, B.A., Palmquist, E.C., and Sankey, J., 2024, Modeling the impacts of Glen Canyon Dam operations on Colorado River resources, ii, 133 p.","productDescription":"ii, 133 p.","ipdsId":"IP-163024","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":427772,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/pdfs/LTEMP/20240408-ModelingImpactsGlenCanyonDamOperationsColoradoRiverResources-508-UCRO.pdf"},{"id":427780,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hartwell, Meredith A. 0000-0001-6350-5450 mhartwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6350-5450","contributorId":4842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartwell","given":"Meredith","email":"mhartwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":898821,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":14}],"authors":[{"text":"Yackulic, Charles B. 0000-0001-9661-0724","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9661-0724","contributorId":218825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackulic","given":"Charles","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":898808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bair, Lucas 0000-0002-9911-3624","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9911-3624","contributorId":248714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bair","given":"Lucas","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":898809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eppehimer, Drew Elliot 0000-0003-0076-1494","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0076-1494","contributorId":333633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eppehimer","given":"Drew","email":"","middleInitial":"Elliot","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":898810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Salter, Gerard Lewis 0000-0001-6426-0133","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6426-0133","contributorId":333645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Salter","given":"Gerard","email":"","middleInitial":"Lewis","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":898811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Deemer, Bridget R. 0000-0002-5845-1002 bdeemer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5845-1002","contributorId":198160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deemer","given":"Bridget","email":"bdeemer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":898812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Butterfield, Bradley J. 0000-0003-0974-9811","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0974-9811","contributorId":167009,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butterfield","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":24591,"text":"Merriam-Powell Center for Environmental Research and Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kasprak, Alan 0000-0001-8184-6128","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8184-6128","contributorId":245742,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kasprak","given":"Alan","affiliations":[{"id":49307,"text":"Current: Utah State University. Former: Southwest Biological Science Center, Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Caster, Joshua 0000-0002-2858-1228 jcaster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2858-1228","contributorId":199033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caster","given":"Joshua","email":"jcaster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":898815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Fairley, Helen C. 0000-0001-6151-4804 hfairley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6151-4804","contributorId":3040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fairley","given":"Helen","email":"hfairley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":898816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Grams, Paul E. 0000-0002-0873-0708","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0873-0708","contributorId":216115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grams","given":"Paul","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":898817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Mihalevich, Bryce Anthony 0000-0001-5492-221X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5492-221X","contributorId":335493,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mihalevich","given":"Bryce","email":"","middleInitial":"Anthony","affiliations":[{"id":80423,"text":"U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Salt Lake City, UT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Palmquist, Emily C. 0000-0003-1069-2154 epalmquist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1069-2154","contributorId":5669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palmquist","given":"Emily","email":"epalmquist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":898819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Sankey, Joel B. 0000-0003-3150-4992","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3150-4992","contributorId":261248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sankey","given":"Joel B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":898820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70254780,"text":"70254780 - 2024 - Evaluating streamflow and temperature effects on Bull Trout migration and survival with linear spatial capture-recapture models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-07T14:54:04.427532","indexId":"70254780","displayToPublicDate":"2024-04-11T09:50:06","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating streamflow and temperature effects on Bull Trout migration and survival with linear spatial capture-recapture models","docAbstract":"In the U.S. Pacific Northwest, climate change is increasing air temperatures, decreasing warm season (April–September) streamflow, and increasing cool season (October–March) streamflow. Warmer water temperatures may alter conditions for migratory coldwater fishes like the Bull Trout Salvelinus confluentus. Consequently, an understanding of Bull Trout migration and survival is critical for species conservation and restoration. In the Salmon River basin, Idaho, 1992 and 1993 transpired to be two of the most opposing extreme years among the past three decades for warm season water temperature and streamflow. These extremes provided a unique opportunity to retrospectively compare Bull Trout survival and migration under potential climate change scenarios.
We evaluated prespawning and postspawning migrations and survival of fluvial Bull Trout that were radio-tagged and tracked from 1992 to 1994. We used a Cormack–Jolly–Seber linear spatial capture–recapture model to simultaneously model the migration and survival of radio-tagged prespawn (n = 58) and postspawn (n = 23) Bull Trout among weeks and river reaches with streamflow, water temperature, and habitat covariates.
Most individual prespawning migrations were similar among tagged fish, whereas postspawn fish adopted multiple migration and overwintering strategies. Movements of prespawn Bull Trout were larger when (1) weekly average daily maximum streamflow increased and (2) weekly average daily maximum water temperature increased. The model estimated that at least 52% of spawners survived to spawning, and mean weekly prespawning apparent survival was higher in the low-streamflow year (1992) than in the year with higher and more variable streamflow (1993). Survival of 1992–1994 fish during the 38-week postspawning period was intermediate to that in the prespawning period. Detections of prespawn Bull Trout were generally higher at sites with more complex habitats, less large woody debris, and fewer undercut banks.
We found that the prespawn life stage can represent a shorter time frame (14–18 weeks) with increased mortality compared to the longer postspawning period (38 weeks). Bull Trout apparent survival increased with lower streamflow variability, indicating that expected future changes in climate may adversely affect Bull Trout.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10464","usgsCitation":"Wohner, P., Thurow, R.F., and Peterson, J., 2024, Evaluating streamflow and temperature effects on Bull Trout migration and survival with linear spatial capture-recapture models: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 153, no. 3, p. 326-346, https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10464.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"326","endPage":"346","ipdsId":"IP-159745","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":429648,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Rapid River, Salmon River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.24896032398794,\n 46.02582243642945\n ],\n [\n -117.24896032398794,\n 44.29228397972153\n ],\n [\n -115.22929879910345,\n 44.29228397972153\n ],\n [\n -115.22929879910345,\n 46.02582243642945\n ],\n [\n -117.24896032398794,\n 46.02582243642945\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"153","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wohner, Patti","contributorId":337609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wohner","given":"Patti","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thurow, Russell F.","contributorId":21035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurow","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":902520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peterson, James T. 0000-0002-7709-8590 james_peterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8590","contributorId":2111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"James","email":"james_peterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70252653,"text":"70252653 - 2024 - Global patterns of allochthony in stream–riparian meta-ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-02T12:16:58.904365","indexId":"70252653","displayToPublicDate":"2024-04-11T07:15:02","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1466,"text":"Ecology Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Global patterns of allochthony in stream–riparian meta-ecosystems","docAbstract":"Ecosystems that are coupled by reciprocal flows of energy and nutrient subsidies can be viewed as a single “meta-ecosystem.” Despite these connections, the reciprocal flow of subsidies is greatly asymmetrical and seasonally pulsed. Here, we synthesize existing literature on stream–riparian meta-ecosystems to quantify global patterns of the amount of subsidy consumption by organisms, known as “allochthony.” These resource flows are important since they can comprise a large portion of consumer diets, but can be disrupted by human modification of streams and riparian zones. Despite asymmetrical subsidy flows, we found stream and riparian consumer allochthony to be equivalent. Although both fish and stream invertebrates rely on seasonally pulsed allochthonous resources, we find allochthony varies seasonally only for fish, being nearly three times greater during the summer and fall than during the winter and spring. We also find that consumer allochthony varies with feeding traits for aquatic invertebrates, fish, and terrestrial arthropods, but not for terrestrial vertebrates. Finally, we find that allochthony varies by climate for aquatic invertebrates, being nearly twice as great in arid climates than in tropical climates, but not for fish. These findings are critical to understanding the consequences of global change, as ecosystem connections are being increasingly disrupted.
Incorporating societal considerations into decisions related to invasive species management is desirable, but can be challenging because it requires a solid understanding of the ecological functions and socio-cultural and economic benefits and values of the invaded environment before and after invasion. The ecosystem service (ES) concept was designed to facilitate such decision-making by establishing direct connections between ecosystem properties and human well-being, but its application in invasive species management has not been systematic. In this Discussion paper, we propose the adoption of the ES cascade model as a framework for understanding the environmental effects, costs and benefits associated with controlling an invasive shrub (Tamarix spp.) in riparian systems of the western United States. The cascade model has the advantage of explicitly dissecting social-ecological systems into five components: ecosystem structure and processes, ecological functions, ecosystem services, benefits and the economic and socio-cultural valuation of these services and benefits. The first two have received significant attention in the evaluation of Tamarix control effectiveness. The last three have long been implicitly acknowledged over decades of Tamarix management in the region, but have not been formally accounted for, which we believe would increase the effectiveness, accountability and transparency of management efforts.