The continual growth in the availability, detail, and wealth of environmental data provides an invaluable asset to improve the characterization of land heterogeneity in Earth system models – a persistent challenge in macroscale models. However, due to the nature of these data (volume and complexity) and computational constraints, these data are underused for global applications. As a proof of concept, this study explores how to effectively and efficiently harness these data in Earth system models over a 1/4° ( ∼ 25km) grid cell in the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada in central California. First, a novel hierarchical multivariate clustering approach (HMC) is introduced that summarizes the high-dimensional environmental data space into hydrologically interconnected representative clusters (i.e., tiles). These tiles and their associated properties are then used to parameterize the sub-grid heterogeneity of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) LM4-HB land model. To assess how this clustering approach impacts the simulated water, energy, and carbon cycles, model experiments are run using a series of different tile configurations assembled using HMC. The results over the test domain show that (1) the observed similarity over the landscape makes it possible to converge on the macroscale response of the fully distributed model with around 300 sub-grid land model tiles; (2) assembling the sub-grid tile configuration from available environmental data can have a large impact on the macroscale states and fluxes of the water, energy, and carbon cycles; for example, the defined subsurface connections between the tiles lead to a dampening of macroscale extremes; (3) connecting the fine-scale grid to the model tiles via HMC enables circumvention of the classic scale discrepancies between the macroscale and field-scale estimates; this has potentially significant implications for the evaluation and application of Earth system models.
","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/hess-22-3311-2018","usgsCitation":"Chaney, N.W., Van Huijgevoort, M.H., Shevliakova, E., Malyshev, S., Milly, P.C., Gauthier, P., and Sulman, B.N., 2018, Harnessing big data to rethink land heterogeneity in Earth system models: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, v. 22, p. 3311-3330, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-3311-2018.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"3311","endPage":"3330","ipdsId":"IP-090830","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468658,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-3311-2018","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":358546,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-06-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a99ae4b034bf6a7e535d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chaney, Nathaniel W.","contributorId":169242,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chaney","given":"Nathaniel","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":25453,"text":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Huijgevoort, Marjolein H. J.","contributorId":209888,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Huijgevoort","given":"Marjolein","email":"","middleInitial":"H. J.","affiliations":[{"id":7108,"text":"Princeton Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shevliakova, Elena","contributorId":201589,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shevliakova","given":"Elena","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36211,"text":"GFDL/NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Malyshev, Sergey","contributorId":201588,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malyshev","given":"Sergey","affiliations":[{"id":36211,"text":"GFDL/NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Milly, Paul C. D. 0000-0003-4389-3139 cmilly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4389-3139","contributorId":176836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milly","given":"Paul","email":"cmilly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C. D.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":749024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gauthier, Paul P. G.","contributorId":209889,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gauthier","given":"Paul P. G.","affiliations":[{"id":7108,"text":"Princeton Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sulman, Benjamin N. 0000-0002-3265-6691","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3265-6691","contributorId":209890,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sulman","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":7108,"text":"Princeton Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70197524,"text":"ofr20181087 - 2018 - Bedrock geologic map of the Littleton and Lower Waterford quadrangles, Essex and Caledonia Counties, Vermont, and Grafton County, New Hampshire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-12T13:58:05","indexId":"ofr20181087","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-13T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-1087","title":"Bedrock geologic map of the Littleton and Lower Waterford quadrangles, Essex and Caledonia Counties, Vermont, and Grafton County, New Hampshire","docAbstract":"The bedrock geologic map of the Littleton and Lower Waterford quadrangles covers an area of approximately 107 square miles (277 square kilometers) north and south of the Connecticut River in east-central Vermont and adjacent New Hampshire. This map was created as part of a larger effort to produce a new bedrock geologic map of Vermont through the collection of field data at a scale of 1:24,000. A large part of the map area consists of the Bronson Hill anticlinorium, a post-Early Devonian structure that is cored by metamorphosed Cambrian to Devonian sedimentary, volcanic, and plutonic rocks. The northwestern part of the map is divided by the Monroe fault which separates Early Devonian rocks of the Connecticut Valley-Gaspé trough from rocks of the Bronson Hill anticlinorium.
The Bronson Hill anticlinorium is the apex of the Middle Ordovician to earliest-Silurian Bronson Hill magmatic arc that contains the Ammonoosuc Volcanics, Partridge Formation, and Oliverian Plutonic suite, and extends from Maine, down the eastern side of the Connecticut River in New Hampshire, to Long Island Sound. The deformed and partially eroded arc is locally overlain by a relatively thin Silurian section of metasedimentary rocks (Clough Quartzite and Fitch Formation) that thickens to the east. The Silurian section near Littleton is disconformably overlain by a thicker, Lower Devonian section that includes mostly metasedimentary rocks and minor metavolcanic rocks of the Littleton Formation. The Bronson Hill anticlinorium is bisected by a series of northeast-southwest trending Mesozoic normal faults. Primarily among them is the steeply northwest-dipping Ammonoosuc fault that divides older and younger units (upper and lower sections) of the Ammonoosuc Volcanics. The Ammonoosuc Volcanics are lithologically complex and predominantly include interlayered and interfingered rhyolitic to basaltic volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks, as well as lesser amounts of metamorphic and metasedimentary rocks. The Ammonoosuc Volcanics overlies the Albee Formation that consists of interlayered feldspathic sandstone, siltstone, pelite, and slate.
During the Late Ordovician, a series of arc-related plutons intruded the Ammonoosuc Volcanics, including the Whitefield pluton to the east, the Scrag granite of Billing (1937) in the far southeastern corner of the map, the Highlandcroft Granodiorite just to the west of the Ammonoosuc fault, and the Joslin Turn tonalite (just north of the Connecticut River). To the east of the Monroe fault lies the late Silurian Comerford Intrusive Complex, which consists of metamorphosed gabbro, diorite, tonalite, aplitic tonalite, and crosscutting diabase dikes. Abundant mafic dikes of the Comerford Intrusive Complex intruded the Albee Formation and Ammonoosuc Volcanics well east of the Monroe fault.
This report consists of a single geologic map sheet and an online geographic information systems database that includes contacts of bedrock geologic units, faults, outcrops, and structural geologic information.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181087","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Vermont, Vermont Agency of Natural Resources, Vermont Geological Survey, and the State of New Hampshire, Department of Environmental Services, New Hampshire Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Rankin, D.W., 2018, Bedrock geologic map of the Littleton and Lower Waterford quadrangles, Essex and Caledonia Counties, Vermont, and Grafton County, New Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1087, 1 sheet, scale 1:24,000, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181087.","productDescription":"Sheet: 36.00 x 45.82 inches; Geologic Map: ArcGIS 10.5 zip; Geodatabase; Metadata; Base Map","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-081645","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354879,"rank":3,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1087/metadata/ofr20181087_geologic-map-files.zip","text":"Geologic Map (ArcGIS 10.5)","size":"49.3 KB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":"- Littleton and Lower Waterford, Vermont, and New Hampshire, Geologic Map"},{"id":354880,"rank":5,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1087/metadata/ofr20181087_basemap-files.zip","text":"Base Map","size":"10.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":"- Littleton and Lower Waterford, Vermont, and New Hampshire, Base Map"},{"id":354979,"rank":6,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1087/metadata/ofr20181087_littleton-lowerwaterford-xml.zip","text":"Metadata ","size":"67.1 KB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":"- Littleton and Lower Waterford, Vermont, and New Hampshire, Metadata"},{"id":354876,"rank":2,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1087/ofr20181087.pdf","text":"Geologic Map","size":"24.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1087"},{"id":354875,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1087/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":354878,"rank":4,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1087/metadata/ofr20181087_database-files.gdb.zip","text":"Database","size":"1.30 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":"- Littleton and Lower Waterford, Vermont, and New Hampshire, Geodatabase "}],"country":"United States","state":"New Hampshire, Vermont","county":"Caledonia County, Grafton County, Essex County","otherGeospatial":"Littleton Quadrangle, Lower Waterford Quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72,\n 44.25\n ],\n [\n -71.75,\n 44.25\n ],\n [\n -71.75,\n 44.375\n ],\n [\n -72,\n 44.375\n ],\n [\n -72,\n 44.25\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
926A National Center
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
In the fall of 2011, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) was afforded an opportunity to participate in an environmental monitoring study of the potential impacts of a deep, unconventional Marcellus Shale hydraulic fracturing site. The drill site of the prospective case study is the “Range Resources MCC Partners L.P. Units 1-5H” location (also referred to as the “RR–MCC” drill site), located in Washington County, southwestern Pennsylvania. Specifically, the USGS was approached to provide a geologic framework that would (1) provide geologic parameters for the proposed area of a localized groundwater circulation model, and (2) provide potential information for the siting of both shallow and deep groundwater monitoring wells located near the drill pad and the deviated drill legs.
The lead organization of the prospective case study of the RR–MCC drill site was the Groundwater and Ecosystems Restoration Division (GWERD) of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Aside from the USGS, additional partners/participants were to include the Department of Energy, the Pennsylvania Geological Survey, the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, and the developer Range Resources LLC. During the initial cooperative phase, GWERD, with input from the participating agencies, drafted a Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) that proposed much of the objectives, tasks, sampling and analytical procedures, and documentation of results.
Later in 2012, the proposed cooperative agreement between the aforementioned partners and the associated land owners for a monitoring program at the drill site was not executed. Therefore, the prospective case study of the RR–MCC site was terminated and no installation of groundwater monitoring wells nor the collection of nearby soil, stream sediment, and surface-water samples were made.
Prior to the completion of the QAPP and termination of the perspective case study the geologic framework was rapidly conducted and nearly completed. This was done for three principal reasons. First, there was an immediate need to know the distribution of the relatively undisturbed surface to near-surface bedrock geology and unconsolidated materials for the collection of baseline surface data prior to drill site development (drill pad access road, drill pad leveling) and later during monitoring associated with well drilling, well development, and well production. Second, it was necessary to know the bedrock geology to support the siting of: (1) multiple shallow groundwater monitoring wells (possibly as many as four) surrounding and located immediately adjacent to the drill pad, and (2) deep groundwater monitoring wells (possibly two) located at distance from the drill pad with one possibly being sited along one of the deviated production drill legs. Lastly, the framework geology would provide the lateral extent, thickness, lithology, and expected discontinuities of geologic units (to be parsed or grouped as hydrostratigraphic units) and regional structure trends as inputs into the groundwater model.
This report provides the methodology of geologic data accumulation and aggregation, and its integration into a geographic information system (GIS) based program. The GIS program will allow multiple data to be exported in various formats (shapefiles [.shp], database files [.dbf], and Keyhole Markup Language files [.KML]) for use in surface and subsurface geologic site characterization, for sampling strategies, and for inputs for groundwater modeling.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181057","usgsCitation":"Stamm, R.G., 2018, Preliminary geologic framework developed for a proposed environmental monitoring study of a deep, unconventional Marcellus Shale drill site, Washington County, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1057, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181057.","productDescription":"vi, 49 p.","numberOfPages":"59","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069591","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354769,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1057/ofr20181057.pdf","text":"Report","size":"129 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1057"},{"id":354768,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1057/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Washington County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.4833,\n 40.3\n ],\n [\n -80.3833,\n 40.3\n ],\n [\n -80.3833,\n 40.3833\n ],\n [\n -80.4833,\n 40.3833\n ],\n [\n -80.4833,\n 40.3\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
926A National Center
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
Director, Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, Mail Stop 980
Denver, CO 80225
http://gec.cr.usgs.gov/
Quantification of river incision via process rate laws represents a key goal of geomorphic research, but such models often fail to reproduce traits of natural rivers responding to base-level lowering. The Fortymile River flows from eastern Alaska in the United States to the Yukon River in Canada across a tectonically quiescent region with near-uniform precipitation and bedrock erosivity. We exploit these stable boundary conditions to quantify bedrock incision evident in a gravel-capped strath terrace that flanks the lower ∼175 km of the river and grades to the minimally incised headwaters. The terrace gravel yields a cosmogenic isochron burial age of 2.44 ± 0.24 Ma, consistent with abandonment triggered by late Pliocene–early Pleistocene Yukon River headwater capture. The deeply incised reach forms a linear knickzone where basin relief nearly doubles and inferred bedrock incision rates (∼19–110 m/m.y.) averaged since ca. 2.44 Ma increase downstream toward the Fortymile–Yukon River confluence. Basin-scale 10Be-based erosion rates of tributaries to the Fortymile River trunk nearly double from the headwaters (∼9 mm/k.y.) to the knickzone (average ∼16 mm/k.y.), revealing the pace of ongoing landscape response to knickzone incision over 104 yr. Our observations calibrate a stream-power model (erosion coefficient K ∼ 1.1 × 10–6 m0.2) that closely reproduces the knickzone profile and thus implies long-term (104–106 yr) efficacy of a simple stream-power bedrock incision law.
Fallout radionuclides (FRNs) and their ratios, such as Beryllium‐7 (7Be) and excess Lead‐210 (210Pbxs), have been used to determine suspended sediment source and age in catchments. These models are based on numerous assumptions, for example, that channel deposition of FRNs from precipitation is negligible in comparison to their delivery to the channel from land surface erosion during individual storm events. We test this assumption using a mass balance approach during eight storms from summer 2011 to fall 2012 in a mid‐Atlantic United States piedmont region watershed with mixed land use. Event peak discharge and storm type corresponded to the importance of direct channel FRN deposition from precipitation. During relatively low discharge summer thunderstorms, with minimal overland flow, less than 1% of 7Be and 210Pbxs flux deposited on the watershed exits the watershed associated with suspended sediment. The majority but not all deposited on the stream channel exits the watershed associated with suspended sediment (60% of 7Be and 80% of 210Pbxs). Here precipitation and throughfall onto the wetted channel area can be responsible for any FRN newly associated with suspended sediment, as opposed to landscape surface erosion. Furthermore, FRNs can be stored with sediments in the channel between events. Events with higher discharges, including hurricanes, show the opposite pattern—FRN flux associated with suspended sediment exported from the reach is greater than channel FRN wet deposition, suggesting net erosion from the watershed landscape and/or stored material during these types of storms.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2017WR021684","usgsCitation":"Karwan, D., Pizzuto, J., Aalto, R., Marquard, J., Harpold, A., Skalak, K., Benthem, A.J., Levia, D., Siegert, C., and Aufdenkampe, A.K., 2018, Direct channel precipitation and storm type influence short-term fallout radionuclide assessment of sediment source: Water Resources Research, v. 54, no. 7, p. 4579-4594, https://doi.org/10.1029/2017WR021684.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"4579","endPage":"4594","ipdsId":"IP-095612","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468677,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2017wr021684","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":356608,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a2afe4b0702d0e842fb3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karwan, Diana","contributorId":207114,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karwan","given":"Diana","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pizzuto, James","contributorId":207115,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pizzuto","given":"James","affiliations":[{"id":13359,"text":"University of Delaware","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aalto, Rolf","contributorId":207116,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aalto","given":"Rolf","affiliations":[{"id":17840,"text":"University of Exeter","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marquard, Julia","contributorId":207117,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marquard","given":"Julia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17840,"text":"University of Exeter","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harpold, Adrian","contributorId":207118,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harpold","given":"Adrian","affiliations":[{"id":37455,"text":"University of Nevada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Skalak, Katherine 0000-0003-4122-1240 kskalak@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4122-1240","contributorId":3990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skalak","given":"Katherine","email":"kskalak@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Benthem, Adam J. 0000-0003-2372-0281 abenthem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2372-0281","contributorId":2740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benthem","given":"Adam","email":"abenthem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Levia, Delphia","contributorId":207120,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Levia","given":"Delphia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13359,"text":"University of Delaware","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Siegert, Courtney","contributorId":207121,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Siegert","given":"Courtney","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17848,"text":"Mississippi State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Aufdenkampe, Anthony K.","contributorId":207122,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aufdenkampe","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":37456,"text":"Stroud Water Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70195861,"text":"ofr20181036 - 2018 - Toxicity assessment of sediments collected upstream and downstream from the White Dam in Clarke County, Georgia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-04T18:55:44.717601","indexId":"ofr20181036","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-06T08:45:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-1036","title":"Toxicity assessment of sediments collected upstream and downstream from the White Dam in Clarke County, Georgia","docAbstract":"The White Dam in Clarke County, Georgia, has been proposed for breaching. Efforts to determine potential risks to downstream biota included assessments of sediment collected in the vicinity of the dam. Sediments collected from sites upstream and downstream from the dam were evaluated for toxicity in 42-day exposures using the freshwater amphipod Hyalella azteca. Endpoints of the study were survival, growth, and reproduction of H. azteca. Results indicated no significant differences between the collected sediments and the water-only treatment used for comparison of the test endpoints. Therefore, based on the laboratory experiments in this study, sediment migration downstream from a breach of the Dam may not pose a toxicity risk to downstream biota.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181036","usgsCitation":"Lasier, P.J., 2018, Toxicity assessment of sediments collected upstream and downstream from the White Dam in Clarke County, Georgia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1036, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181036.","productDescription":"v, 6 p.","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-087278","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354452,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1036/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":354453,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1036/ofr20181036.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1036"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","county":"Clarke County","otherGeospatial":"White Dam","contact":"Director, Eastern Ecological Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
12100 Beech Forest Road, Ste 4039
Laurel, MD 20708
This paper uses chemical and physical data from a large 2017 U.S. Geological Surveygroundwater dataset with wells in the U.S. and three smaller international groundwater datasets with wells primarily in Australia and Spain to carry out a comprehensive investigation of brackish groundwater composition in relation to minimum desalinationenergy costs. First, we compute the site-specific least work required for groundwater desalination. Least work of separation represents a baseline for specific energy consumptionof desalination systems. We develop simplified equations based on the U.S. data for least work as a function of water recovery ratio and a proxy variable for composition, either total dissolved solids, specific conductance, molality or ionic strength. We show that the U.S. correlations for total dissolved solids and molality may be applied to the international datasets. We find that total molality can be used to calculate the least work of dilute solutions with very high accuracy. Then, we examine the effects of groundwater solute composition on minimum energy requirements, showing that separation requirements increase from calcium to sodium for cations and from sulfate to bicarbonate to chloride for anions, for any given TDS concentration. We study the geographic distribution of least work, total dissolved solids, and major ions concentration across the U.S. We determine areas with both low least work and high water stress in order to highlight regions holding potential for desalination to decrease the disparity between high water demand and low water supply. Finally, we discuss the implications of the USGS results on water resource planning, by comparing least work to the specific energy consumption of brackish water reverse osmosisplants and showing the scaling propensity of major electrolytes and silica in the U.S. groundwater samples.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2018.04.015","usgsCitation":"Ahdab, Y.D., Thiel, G.P., Bohlke, J., Stanton, J.S., and Lienhard, J.H., 2018, Minimum energy requirements for desalination of brackish groundwater in the United States with comparison to international datasets: Water Research, v. 141, p. 387-404, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2018.04.015.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"387","endPage":"404","ipdsId":"IP-091074","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468679,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2018.04.015","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":354757,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"141","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e571e4b060350a15d16b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ahdab, Yvana D.","contributorId":205444,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ahdab","given":"Yvana","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12444,"text":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":737325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thiel, Gregory P.","contributorId":205445,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thiel","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12444,"text":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":737326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bohlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":191103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"J.K.","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stanton, Jennifer S. 0000-0002-2520-753X jstanton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2520-753X","contributorId":830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"Jennifer","email":"jstanton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lienhard, John H.","contributorId":205447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lienhard","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":12444,"text":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":737328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70198743,"text":"70198743 - 2018 - Contemporary fluvial geomorphology and suspended sediment budget of the partly confined, mixed bedrock-alluvial South River, Virginia, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T09:34:11","indexId":"70198743","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-05T08:51:56","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contemporary fluvial geomorphology and suspended sediment budget of the partly confined, mixed bedrock-alluvial South River, Virginia, USA","docAbstract":"We developed a conceptual model and suspended sediment budget for a 38 km reach of the fifth-order South River, Virginia, for the past 75 yr. Bedrock, terraces, and alluvial fans confine 64% of the channel’s lateral boundaries, while bedrock exposures impose vertical confinement along 37% of the channel. Bedrock exposures in the bed separate pools and riffles developed in gravelly bed material, create unusual kilometer-long pools, and divide the study area into a gently sloping upstream reach and a steeply sloping downstream reach. Bedrock exposures upstream and downstream of an alluvial monitoring site limit changes in bed elevation (documented by scour chains and repeat surveys) by flows with up to 10 yr return periods. Fifty-seven islands (features rarely mentioned in previous studies), mostly created by avulsive floodplain incision, occur in the study reach. Rates of bank retreat, likely moderated by bedrock exposures, have modal values of only a few centimeters per year, while floodplain growth by lateral accretion is negligible. Overbank deposition dominates the sediment budget, but the areal of the extent of the floodplain is currently being reduced by bank erosion and channel widening. The South River stores 2.5% of its annual suspended sediment load per kilometer of downstream transport, demonstrating that suspended sediment storage along partly confined, mixed bedrock-alluvial rivers can be equivalent to storage along fully alluvial rivers. The future evolution of the South River will likely be controlled by bank stabilization designed to control mercury loading into the channel from erosion of contaminated floodplain sediments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B31759.1","usgsCitation":"Pizzuto, J.E., O’Neal, M.A., Narinesingh, P., Skalak, K., Jurk, D., Collins, S., and Calder, J., 2018, Contemporary fluvial geomorphology and suspended sediment budget of the partly confined, mixed bedrock-alluvial South River, Virginia, USA: GSA Bulletin, v. 130, no. 11-12, p. 1859-1874, https://doi.org/10.1130/B31759.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1859","endPage":"1874","ipdsId":"IP-097841","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356609,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia ","otherGeospatial":"South River","volume":"130","issue":"11-12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-06-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a2afe4b0702d0e842fb7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pizzuto, James E.","contributorId":49424,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pizzuto","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13220,"text":"The Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Neal, Michael A.","contributorId":207123,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Neal","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13359,"text":"University of Delaware","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Narinesingh, Pramenath","contributorId":207124,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Narinesingh","given":"Pramenath","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Skalak, Katherine 0000-0003-4122-1240 kskalak@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4122-1240","contributorId":3990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skalak","given":"Katherine","email":"kskalak@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jurk, Dajana","contributorId":207125,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jurk","given":"Dajana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Collins, Suzann","contributorId":207126,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collins","given":"Suzann","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37457,"text":"CH2M Hill Engineers","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Calder, Jacquelyn","contributorId":207127,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Calder","given":"Jacquelyn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37458,"text":"George H. Moody Middle School","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":742831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70197447,"text":"70197447 - 2018 - Ichthyophonus in sport-caught groundfishes from southcentral Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-05T10:23:29","indexId":"70197447","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1396,"text":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Ichthyophonus in sport-caught groundfishes from southcentral Alaska","title":"Ichthyophonus in sport-caught groundfishes from southcentral Alaska","docAbstract":"This report of Ichthyophonus in common sport-caught fishes throughout the marine waters of southcentral Alaska represents the first documentation of natural Ichthyophonus infections in lingcod Ophiodon elongates and yelloweye rockfish Sebastes ruberrimus. In addition, the known geographic range of Ichthyophonus in black rockfish S. melanops has been expanded northward to include southcentral Alaska. Among all species surveyed, the infection prevalence was highest (35%, n = 334) in Pacific halibut Hippoglossus stenolepis. There were no gross indications of high-level infections or clinically diseased individuals. These results support the hypothesis that under typical conditions Ichthyophonus can occur at high infection prevalence accompanied with low-level infection among a variety of fishes throughout the eastern North Pacific Ocean, including southcentral Alaska.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/dao03218","usgsCitation":"Harris, B.P., Webster, S., Wolf, N., Gregg, J.L., and Hershberger, P., 2018, Ichthyophonus in sport-caught groundfishes from southcentral Alaska: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 128, no. 2, p. 169-173, https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03218.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"173","ipdsId":"IP-086885","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468684,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03218","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":354715,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152,\n 59\n ],\n [\n -145,\n 59\n ],\n [\n -145,\n 61.5\n ],\n [\n -152,\n 61.5\n ],\n [\n -152,\n 59\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"128","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e574e4b060350a15d185","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, Bradley P.","contributorId":205407,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harris","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":37100,"text":"Alaska Pacific University, Fisheries Aquatic Science and Technology (FAST) Laboratory 4101 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":737189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Webster, Sarah R.","contributorId":205408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Webster","given":"Sarah R.","affiliations":[{"id":37100,"text":"Alaska Pacific University, Fisheries Aquatic Science and Technology (FAST) Laboratory 4101 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":737190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wolf, Nathan","contributorId":205409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wolf","given":"Nathan","affiliations":[{"id":37100,"text":"Alaska Pacific University, Fisheries Aquatic Science and Technology (FAST) Laboratory 4101 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":737191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gregg, Jacob L. 0000-0001-5328-5482 jgregg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5328-5482","contributorId":203912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gregg","given":"Jacob","email":"jgregg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hershberger, Paul 0000-0002-2261-7760 phershberger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-7760","contributorId":150816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"Paul","email":"phershberger@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70196754,"text":"ofr20181074 - 2018 - Freshwater mussel survey for the Columbia Dam removal, Paulins Kill, New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-04T19:07:50.505204","indexId":"ofr20181074","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-04T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-1074","title":"Freshwater mussel survey for the Columbia Dam removal, Paulins Kill, New Jersey","docAbstract":"Semi-quantitative mussel surveys, conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Delaware Riverkeeper Network in cooperation with The Nature Conservancy, were completed in the vicinity of the Columbia Dam, on the Paulins Kill, New Jersey, in August 2017 in order to document the mussel species composition and relative abundance prior to removal of the dam. Surveys were conducted from the Brugler Road Bridge downriver approximately 2,000 meters (m) to the Columbia Dam and downriver from the dam about 300 m to 75 m upriver from the confluence of the Paulins Kill with the Delaware River. Sixteen sections (average length=175 m) were surveyed by personnel snorkeling or SCUBA diving; 13 sections were upriver from the dam, and 3 were downriver from the dam. Mussels, as they were encountered by surveyors, were removed from the sediment, immediately identified to species, and replaced in their original collection locations. Habitat data were collected for each surveyed section. Upriver and downriver from the dam, river margins with dense vegetation were examined for mussels by personnel using snorkels in transects (approximately 25 meters) perpendicular to river flow every 50 m on both sides of the river. Only two species were found upriver from the dam, and those were present in relatively low numbers. Catch per unit effort is reported here within parentheses as the average across upriver sections in number of mussels per person hour of survey time: 42 Elliptio complanata (2.6) and 1 Pyganodon cataracta (0.1) were found upriver from the dam. No mussels were found in the dense vegetation either upriver or downriver of the dam by surveyors using snorkels. Significantly higher species richness and mussel catch per unit effort were found downriver from the dam than upriver, including 106 E. complanta (32.5), 27 Utterbackiana implicata (8.2), 1 Alasmidonta undulata (0.4), 2 Lampsilis cariosa (0.5), 6 Lampsilis radiata (2.1), 4 P. cataracta (1.1), and 1 Strophitus undulatus (0.4). The average habitat assessment score did not differ upriver and downriver from the dam.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181074","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with The Nature Conservancy","usgsCitation":"Galbraith, H.S., Blakeslee, C.J., Cole, J.C., and Silldorff, E.L., 2018, Freshwater mussel survey for the Columbia Dam removal, Paulins Kill, New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1074, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181074.","productDescription":"v, 7 p.","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-094047","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354676,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1074/ofr20181074.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9.40 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1074"},{"id":354675,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1074/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Columbia Dam, Paulins Kill","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.0889778137207,\n 40.9203876084737\n ],\n [\n -75.06837844848633,\n 40.9203876084737\n ],\n [\n -75.06837844848633,\n 40.937896253014145\n ],\n [\n -75.0889778137207,\n 40.937896253014145\n ],\n [\n -75.0889778137207,\n 40.9203876084737\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Eastern Ecological Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
11649 Leetown Road
Kearneysville, WV 25430
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), a highly productive perennial grass, has been recommended as one potential source for cellulosic biofuel feedstocks. Previous studies indicate that planting perennial grasses (e.g., switchgrass) in high‐topographic‐relief cropland waterway buffers can improve local environmental conditions and sustainability. The main advantages of this land management practice include (i) reducing soil erosion and improving water quality because switchgrass requires less tillage, fertilizers, and pesticides; and (ii) improving regional ecosystem services (e.g., improving water infiltration, minimizing drought and flood impacts on production, and serving as carbon sinks). In this study, we mapped high‐topographic‐relief cropland waterway buffers with high switchgrass productivity potential that may be suitable for switchgrass development in the eastern Great Plains (EGP). The US Geological Survey (USGS) Compound Topographic Index map, National Land Cover Database 2011, USGS irrigation map, and a switchgrass biomass productivity map derived from a previous study were used to identify the switchgrass potential areas. Results show that about 16 342 km2(c. 1.3% of the total study area) of cropland waterway buffers in the EGP are potentially suitable for switchgrass development. The total annual estimated switchgrass biomass production for these suitable areas is approximately 15 million metric tons. Results from this study provide useful information on EGP areas with good cellulosic switchgrass biomass production potential and synergistic substantial potential for improvement of ecosystem services.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12511","usgsCitation":"Gu, Y., and Wylie, B.K., 2018, Mapping cropland waterway buffers for switchgrass development in the eastern Great Plains, USA: Global Change Biology Bioenergy, v. 10, no. 6, p. 415-424, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12511.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"415","endPage":"424","ipdsId":"IP-093012","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468703,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12511","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":359460,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Plains","volume":"10","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-04-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bee93e6e4b08f163c24a1c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gu, Yingxin 0000-0002-3544-1856 ygu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3544-1856","contributorId":139586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gu","given":"Yingxin","email":"ygu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":751324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wylie, Bruce K. 0000-0002-7374-1083 wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-1083","contributorId":750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Bruce","email":"wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":751325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70200979,"text":"70200979 - 2018 - Processes and facies relationships in a Lower(?) Devonian rocky shoreline depositional environment, East Lime Creek Conglomerate, south‐western Colorado, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-20T10:50:59","indexId":"70200979","displayToPublicDate":"2018-06-01T10:50:47","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5781,"text":"The Depositional Record","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Processes and facies relationships in a Lower(?) Devonian rocky shoreline depositional environment, East Lime Creek Conglomerate, south‐western Colorado, USA","docAbstract":"Rocky shorelines are relatively common features along modern coastlines, but few have been recognized in the geological record. The hard substrates of rocky shorelines telescope the width of offshore marine environments, thus the diagnostic deposits observed in such settings today have a low preservation potential due to small accommodation space and high‐energy conditions. This study recognized previously overlooked, laterally extensive Lower(?) Devonian rocky shoreline deposits in the San Juan Mountains of south‐western Colorado. The newly defined lithostratigraphic unit, the East Lime Creek Conglomerate (ELCC), is 0–23 m thick, unconformably overlying Proterozoic crystalline rocks and unconformably overlain by the Upper Devonian Ignacio Formation and/or Elbert Formation. The unit mostly consists of clast‐supported cobble‐boulder conglomerate with rounded quartzite clasts up to 1.4 m in length interbedded with thin sandstone layers and lenses. Sandstones in the ELCC are distinguished from unconformably overlying Upper Devonian sedimentary rocks because they have sericite cements. Most importantly, there are buttressing relationships between the ELCC and underlying Proterozoic crystalline rocks interpreted as palaeo‐sea cliffs, palaeo‐wave‐cut platforms and palaeo‐tombolos. A proposed rocky shoreline facies model includes headlands with upper shoreface‐beachface tabular cobble‐boulder gravels sourced from rock fall talus, nearshore subaqueous debris‐flow deposits and intervening pocket beaches with imbricated, stratified pebble‐cobble gravel sheets. Palaeocurrent data (n = 338) from clast long‐axis orientations, imbrication and cross‐bedding indicate south‐to‐north transport roughly onshore‐offshore to a coastline consisting of alternating rocky headlands and pocket beaches. This Lower(?) Devonian unit documents a previously unrecognized episode in the geological history of south‐western Colorado.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/dep2.41","usgsCitation":"Evans, J.E., and Holm-Denoma, C.S., 2018, Processes and facies relationships in a Lower(?) Devonian rocky shoreline depositional environment, East Lime Creek Conglomerate, south‐western Colorado, USA: The Depositional Record, v. 4, no. 1, p. 133-156, https://doi.org/10.1002/dep2.41.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"133","endPage":"156","ipdsId":"IP-090285","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468708,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dep2.41","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":359601,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108,\n 37.25\n ],\n [\n -107.5,\n 37.25\n ],\n [\n -107.5,\n 37.88027325525864\n ],\n [\n -108,\n 37.88027325525864\n ],\n [\n -108,\n 37.25\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-03-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bf52b69e4b045bfcae2800c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, James E.","contributorId":194435,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":751544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holm-Denoma, Christopher S. 0000-0003-3229-5440 cholm-denoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3229-5440","contributorId":2442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holm-Denoma","given":"Christopher","email":"cholm-denoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":751543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70200590,"text":"70200590 - 2018 - The Mystic subterrane (partly) demystified: New data from the Farewell terrane and adjacent rocks, interior Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-25T11:50:24","indexId":"70200590","displayToPublicDate":"2018-05-30T11:50:16","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Mystic subterrane (partly) demystified: New data from the Farewell terrane and adjacent rocks, interior Alaska","docAbstract":"The youngest part of the Farewell terrane in interior Alaska (USA) is the enigmatic Devonian–Cretaceous Mystic subterrane. New U-Pb detrital zircon, fossil, geochemical, neodymium isotopic, and petrographic data illuminate the origin of the rocks of this subterrane. The Devonian–Permian Sheep Creek Formation yielded youngest detrital zircons of Devonian age, major detrital zircon age probability peaks between ca. 460 and 405 Ma, and overall age spectra like those from the underlying Dillinger subterrane. Samples are sandstones rich in sedimentary lithic clasts, and differ from approximately coeval strata to the east that have abundant volcanic lithic clasts and late Paleozoic detrital zircons. The Permian Mount Dall conglomerate has mainly carbonate and chert clasts and yielded youngest detrital zircons of latest Pennsylvanian age. Permian quartz-carbonate sandstone in the northern Farewell terrane yielded abundant middle to late Permian detrital zircons.
Late Triassic–Early Jurassic mafic igneous rocks occur in the central and eastern Mystic subterrane. New whole-rock geochemical and isotopic data indicate that magmas were rift related and derived from subcontinental mantle. Triassic and Jurassic strata have detrital zircon age spectra much like those of the Sheep Creek Formation, with major age populations between ca. 430 and 410 Ma. These rocks include conglomerate with clasts of carbonate ± chert and youngest detrital zircons of Late Triassic age and quartz-carbonate sandstone with youngest detrital zircons of Early Jurassic age. Lithofacies indicating highly productive oceanographic conditions (upwelling?) bracket the main part of the Mystic succession: Upper Devonian bedded barite and phosphatic Upper Devonian and Lower Jurassic rocks.
The youngest part of the Mystic subterrane consists of Lower Cretaceous (Valanginian–Aptian) limestone, calcareous sandstone, and related strata. These rocks are partly coeval with the oldest parts of the Kahiltna assemblage, an overlap succession exposed along the southern margin of the Farewell terrane.
Our findings support previous models suggesting that the Farewell terrane was proximal to the Alexander-Wrangellia-Peninsular composite terrane during the late Paleozoic, and further suggest that such proximity continued into (or recurred during) the Late Triassic–Early Jurassic. But middle to late Permian detrital zircons in northern Farewell require another source; the Yukon-Tanana terrane is one possibility.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES01588.1","usgsCitation":"Dumoulin, J.A., Jones, J.V., Box, S.E., Bradley, D., Ayuso, R.A., and O’Sullivan, P.B., 2018, The Mystic subterrane (partly) demystified: New data from the Farewell terrane and adjacent rocks, interior Alaska: Geosphere, v. 14, no. 4, p. 1501-1543, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01588.1.","productDescription":"43 p.","startPage":"1501","endPage":"1543","ipdsId":"IP-095640","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468720,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01588.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437889,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7765DN7","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"U-Pb Isotopic Data and Ages of Detrital Zircon Grains, Whole Rock Major and Trace-element Geochemistry, and Whole Rock Isotopic Data from Selected Rocks from the Western Alaska Range, Medfra area, and Livengood area, Alaska"},{"id":358807,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"14","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-05-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a9abe4b034bf6a7e53b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, James V. III 0000-0002-6602-5935 jvjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6602-5935","contributorId":201245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"James","suffix":"III","email":"jvjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Box, Stephen E. 0000-0002-5268-8375 sbox@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5268-8375","contributorId":1843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Box","given":"Stephen","email":"sbox@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bradley, Dwight 0000-0001-9116-5289 bradleyorchard2@gmail.com","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-5289","contributorId":2358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Dwight","email":"bradleyorchard2@gmail.com","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ayuso, Robert A. 0000-0002-8496-9534 rayuso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8496-9534","contributorId":2654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayuso","given":"Robert","email":"rayuso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"O’Sullivan, Paul B.","contributorId":193544,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Sullivan","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70196064,"text":"pp1837A - 2018 - Geochemistry of groundwater in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory and vicinity, eastern Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-14T16:55:56.536311","indexId":"pp1837A","displayToPublicDate":"2018-05-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1837","chapter":"A","title":"Geochemistry of groundwater in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory and vicinity, eastern Idaho","docAbstract":"Nuclear research activities at the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Idaho National Laboratory (INL) in eastern Idaho produced radiochemical and chemical wastes that were discharged to the subsurface, resulting in detectable concentrations of some waste constituents in the eastern Snake River Plain (ESRP) aquifer. These waste constituents may pose risks to the water quality of the aquifer. In order to understand these risks to water quality the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the DOE, conducted a study of groundwater geochemistry to improve the understanding of hydrologic and chemical processes in the ESRP aquifer at and near the INL and to understand how these processes affect waste constituents in the aquifer.
Geochemistry data were used to identify sources of recharge, mixing of water, and directions of groundwater flow in the ESRP aquifer at the INL. The geochemistry data were analyzed from 167 sample sites at and near the INL. The sites included 150 groundwater, 13 surface-water, and 4 geothermal-water sites. The data were collected between 1952 and 2012, although most data collected at the INL were collected from 1989 to 1996. Water samples were analyzed for all or most of the following: field parameters, dissolved gases, major ions, dissolved metals, isotope ratios, and environmental tracers.
Sources of recharge identified at the INL were regional groundwater, groundwater from the Little Lost River (LLR) and Birch Creek (BC) valleys, groundwater from the Lost River Range, geothermal water, and surface water from the Big Lost River (BLR), LLR, and BC. Recharge from the BLR that may have occurred during the last glacial epoch, or paleorecharge, may be present at several wells in the southwestern part of the INL. Mixing of water at the INL primarily included mixing of surface water with groundwater from the tributary valleys and mixing of geothermal water with regional groundwater. Additionally, a zone of mixing between tributary valley water and regional groundwater, trending southwesterly, extended from near the northeastern boundary of the INL to the southern boundary of the INL. Groundwater flow directions for regional groundwater were southwesterly, and flow directions for tributary groundwater were southeasterly upon entering the ESRP, but eventually began to flow southwesterly in a direction parallel with regional groundwater.
Several discrepancies were identified from comparison of sources of recharge determined from geochemistry data and backward particle tracking with a groundwater-flow model. Some discrepancies observed in the particle tracking results included representation of recharge from BC near the north INL boundary, groundwater from the BC valley not extending far enough south, regional groundwater that extends too far west in the southern part of the INL, and no representation of recharge from geothermal water in model layer 1 or recharge from the BLR in the southwestern part of the INL.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1837A","collaboration":"DOE/ID-22246Director, Idaho Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
230 Collins Road
Boise, Idaho 83702
Bats in the eastern U.S. are facing numerous threats and many species are in decline. Although several species of bats commonly roost in cliffs, little is known about use of cliffs for foraging and roosting. Because rock climbing is a rapidly growing sport and may cause disturbance to bats, our objectives were to examine use of cliff habitats by bats and to assess the effects of climbing on their activity. We used radio-telemetry to track small-footed bats (Myotis leibii) to day roosts, and Anabat SD2 detectors to compare bat activity between climbed and unclimbed areas of regularly climbed cliff faces, and between climbed and unclimbed cliffs. Four adult male small-footed bats were tracked to nine day roosts, all of which were in various types of crevices including five cliff face roosts (three on climbed and two on unclimbed faces). Bat activity was high along climbed cliffs and did not differ between climbed and unclimbed areas of climbed cliffs. In contrast, overall bat activity was significantly higher along climbed cliffs than unclimbed cliffs; species richness did not differ between climbed and unclimbed cliffs or areas. Lower activity along unclimbed cliffs may have been related to lower cliff heights and more clutter along these cliff faces. Due to limited access to unclimbed cliffs of comparable size to climbed cliffs, we could not thoroughly test the effects of climbing on bat foraging and roosting activity. However, the high overall use of climbed and unclimbed cliff faces for foraging and commuting that we observed suggests that cliffs may be important habitat for a number of bat species. Additional research on bats' use of cliff faces will improve our understanding of the factors that affect their use of this habitat including the impacts of climbing.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.3996/032017-JFWM-020","usgsCitation":"Loeb, S.C., and Jodice, P.G., 2018, Activity of southeastern bats along sandstone cliffs used for rock climbing: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 9, no. 1, p. 255-265, https://doi.org/10.3996/032017-JFWM-020.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"255","endPage":"265","ipdsId":"IP-084559","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468723,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/032017-jfwm-020","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":354563,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","county":"Morgan County","otherGeospatial":"Obed Wild and Scenic 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PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b155d74e4b092d9651e1b0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loeb, Susan C.","contributorId":138944,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loeb","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6762,"text":"U.S. Forest Service, La Grande, Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":736750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jodice, Patrick G.R. 0000-0001-8716-120X pjodice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8716-120X","contributorId":200009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jodice","given":"Patrick","email":"pjodice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":736746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70220881,"text":"70220881 - 2018 - USGS critical minerals review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-27T13:04:08.7805","indexId":"70220881","displayToPublicDate":"2018-05-27T08:02:09","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"USGS critical minerals review","docAbstract":"The United States’ supply of critical minerals has been a concern and a source of potential strategic vulnerabilities for U.S. economic and national security interests for decades (for example, see Strategic and Critical Minerals Stockpiling Act, 1939). More recently, with the rapid increase in the types of materials being used in advanced technologies (Fortier et al. 2018a), and geopolitical events surrounding the supply of rare earth elements (Ting and Seaman, 2013), among other developments, the critical minerals issue has again achieved a high level of visibility within the U.S. government (Executive Order 13817 (2017)).
Using a geology-based assessment methodology, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated mean undiscovered, technically recoverable conventional resources of 100 million barrels of oil and 16.5 trillion cubic feet of gas in the downdip Paleogene formations in onshore lands and State waters of the U.S. Gulf Coast region.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20183019","usgsCitation":"Buursink, M.L., Doolan, C.A., Enomoto, C.B., Craddock, W.H., Coleman, J.L., Jr., Brownfield, M.E., Gaswirth, S.B., Klett, T.R., Le, P.A., Leathers-Miller, H.M., Marra, K.R., Mercier, T.J., Pearson, O.N., Pitman, J.K., Schenk, C.J., Tennyson, M.E., Whidden, K.J., and Woodall, C.A., 2018, Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources in the downdip Paleogene formations, U.S. Gulf Coast, 2017: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2018–3019, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20183019.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-092823","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354456,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2018/3019/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":354457,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2018/3019/fs20183019.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.10 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2018-3019"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana, Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.5,\n 25.8\n ],\n [\n -88.5,\n 25.8\n ],\n [\n -88.5,\n 30.939924331023445\n ],\n [\n -99.5,\n 30.939924331023445\n ],\n [\n -99.5,\n 25.8\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Eastern Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, MS-954
Reston, VA 20192
The February 1993 dike intrusion in the East Rift Zone (ERZ) of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai'i, was recognized from tilt and seismic data, but ground-based geodetic data were too sparse to constrain the characteristics of the intrusion. Analysis of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) from the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) JERS-1 satellite reveals a maximum of ~30 cm of line-of-sight (LOS) displacement occurring near Makaopuhi Crater in the middle ERZ of Kīlauea. We model this deformation signal as a subvertical dike using a 3D-Mixed Boundary Element Method (3D-MBEM) paired with a nonlinear inversion algorithm to find the best-fit model. The best-fit dike is located just to the west of Makaopuhi Crater striking N50°W, extends to within 100 m of the surface, is ~1.3 km in length by ~4.2 km in width along strike, and has a total volume of ~7.4 × 106 m3. In addition, a post-intrusion interferogram from JERS-1 spanning 1993–1997 was analyzed. Guided by previous results, our model for the 4-year period consists of opening of the deep rift zones by about 0.5 m at 3–8.5 km depth beneath the Southwest Rift Zone (SWRZ), ERZ and the summit. A sub-horizontal detachment fault is connected to the seaward side of the vertical dike-like source to mimic the décollement known to exist beneath the volcano. We classify the 1993 dike intrusion as a passive intrusion similar to those that occurred in 1997 and 1999. Passive intrusions lack precursory inflation at Kīlauea's summit, and the likely triggering mechanism is persistent deep rift opening combined with seaward motion of the south flank along the basal décollement. Passive intrusions make forecasting and hazard assessment difficult since they are not preceded by inflation nor by large increases in seismicity.
Lake Okeechobee, FL, USA, has been subjected to intensifying cyanobacterial blooms that can spread to the adjacent St. Lucie River and Estuary via natural and anthropogenically-induced flooding events. In July 2016, a large, toxic cyanobacterial bloom occurred in Lake Okeechobee and throughout the St. Lucie River and Estuary, leading Florida to declare a state of emergency. This study reports on measurements and nutrient amendment experiments performed in this freshwater-estuarine ecosystem (salinity 0–25 PSU) during and after the bloom. In July, all sites along the bloom exhibited dissolved inorganic nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratios < 6, while Microcystis dominated (> 95%) phytoplankton inventories from the lake to the central part of the estuary. Chlorophyll a and microcystin concentrations peaked (100 and 34 μg L-1, respectively) within Lake Okeechobee and decreased eastwards. Metagenomic analyses indicated that genes associated with the production of microcystin (mcyE) and the algal neurotoxin saxitoxin (sxtA) originated from Microcystis and multiple diazotrophic genera, respectively. There were highly significant correlations between levels of total nitrogen, microcystin, and microcystin synthesis gene abundance across all surveyed sites (p < 0.001), suggesting high levels of nitrogen supported the production of microcystin during this event. Consistent with this, experiments performed with low salinity water from the St. Lucie River during the event indicated that algal biomass was nitrogen-limited. In the fall, densities of Microcystis and concentrations of microcystin were significantly lower, green algae co-dominated with cyanobacteria, and multiple algal groups displayed nitrogen-limitation. These results indicate that monitoring and regulatory strategies in Lake Okeechobee and the St. Lucie River and Estuary should consider managing loads of nitrogen to control future algal and microcystin-producing cyanobacterial blooms.
Brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) is a commonly used indicator species for tumor surveys at Great Lakes Areas of Concern. The “fish tumors or other deformities” is one of the beneficial use impairments at the Ashtabula River Area of Concern. In May 2016, 150 brown bullhead were collected in the lower Ashtabula River and 150 were collected in the nearby Conneaut Creek as a reference. Length, weight and external visible abnormalities were documented. Fish were euthanized, and skin lesions and liver tissue preserved for histopathological analyses. Otoliths were collected for age analyses. The percentage of bullhead with raised external lesions on lips, barbels and body surface was 34.7 percent at the Ashtabula River and 23.3 percent at Conneaut Creek. At the Ashtabula River, 26.7 percent of the bullhead collected had skin neoplasms, including papillomas, melanomas and squamous cell carcinomas, whereas at Conneaut Creek 18.6 percent had only papillomas, benign skin tumors. Liver neoplasms were observed in 7.3 percent of the bullhead from the Ashtabula River and 4.7 percent of those from Conneaut Creek. These neoplasms were observed in fish 6 years of age or older at both sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181072","usgsCitation":"Blazer, V.S., Walsh, H.L., and Braham, R.P.. 2018 Assessment of skin and liver neoplasms in brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) collected at the Ashtabula River Area of Concern and associated reference site, Ohio, in 2016: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018-1072, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181072.","productDescription":"v, 18 p.","numberOfPages":"29","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-094847","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354298,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1072/ofr20181072.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.91 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1072"},{"id":354297,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1072/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Ashtabula River","contact":"Director, Eastern Ecological Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
11649 Leetown Road
Kearneysville, WV 25430
The Leadville North 7.5’ quadrangle lies at the northern end of the Upper Arkansas Valley, where the Continental Divide at Tennessee Pass creates a low drainage divide between the Colorado and Arkansas River watersheds. In the eastern half of the quadrangle, the Paleozoic sedimentary section dips generally 20–30 degrees east. At Tennessee Pass and Missouri Hill, the core of the Sawatch anticlinorium is mapped as displaying a tight hanging-wall syncline and foot-wall anticline within the basement-cored structure. High-angle, west-dipping, Neogene normal faults cut the eastern margin of the broad, Sawatch anticlinorium. Minor displacements along high-angle, east- and west-dipping Laramide reverse faults occurred in the core of the north-plunging anticlinorium along the western and eastern flanks of Missouri Hill. Within the western half of the quadrangle, Meso- and Paleoproterozoic metamorphic and igneous rocks are uplifted along the generally east-dipping, high-angle Sawatch fault system and are overlain by at least three generations of glacial deposits in the western part of the quadrangle. 10Be and 26Al cosmogenic nuclide ages of the youngest glacial deposits indicate a last glacial maximum age of about 21–22 kilo-annum and complete deglaciation by about 14 kilo-annum, supported by chronologic studies in adjacent drainages. No late Pleistocene tectonic activity is apparent within the quadrangle.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3400","usgsCitation":"Ruleman, C.A., Brandt, T.R., Caffee, M.W., and Goehring, B.M., 2018, Geologic map of the Leadville North 7.5’ quadrangle, Eagle and Lake Counties, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3400, 1:24,000, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3400.","productDescription":"Map: 50.00 x 39.94 inches; Data release; Read Me","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-085050","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353270,"rank":3,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3400/sim3400_hillshade.pdf","text":"Hillshaded Map","size":"65.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3400 Hillshaded Map"},{"id":353268,"rank":2,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3400/sim3400.pdf","text":"Map","size":"63.0 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3400 Map"},{"id":353269,"rank":4,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3400/sim3400_georeferenced.pdf","text":"Georeferenced Map","size":"181.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3400 Georeferenced Map"},{"id":353271,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7DR2TRG","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data Release for Geologic Map of the Leadville North 7.5' Quadrangle, Eagle and Lake Counties, Colorado"},{"id":353612,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3400/coverthb1.jpg"},{"id":353272,"rank":6,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3400/sim3400_readme.txt","text":"Read Me","size":"8.00 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"SIM 3400 Read Me"},{"id":354341,"rank":7,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3400/versionHist.txt","size":"4/00 kB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"SIM 3400 Version History"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Eagle County, Lake County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.375,\n 39.375\n ],\n [\n -106.25,\n 39.375\n ],\n [\n -106.25,\n 39.25\n ],\n [\n -106.375,\n 39.25\n ],\n [\n -106.375,\n 39.375\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, Mail Stop 980
Denver, CO 80225
http://gec.cr.usgs.gov/
Migratory species can experience limiting factors at different locations and during different periods of their annual cycle. In migratory birds, these factors may even occur in different hemispheres. Therefore, identifying the distribution of populations throughout their annual cycle (i.e., migratory connectivity) can reveal the complex ecological and evolutionary relationships that link species and ecosystems across the globe and illuminate where and how limiting factors influence population trends. A growing body of literature continues to identify species that exhibit weak connectivity wherein individuals from distinct breeding areas co-occur during the nonbreeding period. A detailed account of a broadly distributed species exhibiting strong migratory connectivity in which nonbreeding isolation of populations is associated with differential population trends remains undescribed. Here, we present a range-wide assessment of the nonbreeding distribution and migratory connectivity of two broadly dispersed Nearctic-Neotropical migratory songbirds. We used geolocators to track the movements of 70 Vermivora warblers from sites spanning their breeding distribution in eastern North America and identified links between breeding populations and nonbreeding areas. Unlike blue-winged warblers (Vermivora cyanoptera), breeding populations of golden-winged warblers (Vermivora chrysoptera) exhibited strong migratory connectivity, which was associated with historical trends in breeding populations: stable for populations that winter in Central America and declining for those that winter in northern South America.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1718985115","usgsCitation":"Kramer, G.R., Andersen, D.E., Buehler, D.A., Wood, P.B., Peterson, S.M., Lehman, J.A., Aldinger, K.R., Bulluck, L.P., Harding, S.R., Jones, J.A., Loegering, J.P., Smalling, C.G., Vallender, R., and Streby, H.M., 2018, Population trends in Vermivora warblers are linked to strong migratory connectivity: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 115, no. 14, p. 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